CHAPTERCHAPTER

Algebraic Expressions

7. 4(h + 2k)(3h k)

Paper 1

= (4h + 8k)(3h k)

1. (n 3) 2(3 n)
= (n 3) (6 2n)
= n 3 6 + 2n
= 3n 9

= (4h)(3h) + (4h)(k) + (8k)(3h) + (8k)(k)

= 12h2 4hk + 24hk 8k2
= 12h2 + 20hk 8k2

Answer: A

Answer: B

2. 3(m n) (m + n)
= (3m 3n) (m + n)
= 3m 3n m n
= 2m 4n

8. (5 x)(2 3x) 2(x 4)

= (10 15x 2x + 3x2) (2x 8)
= 3x2 17x + 10 2x + 8
= 3x2 19x + 18

Answer: C

3. 3(h 1) + 4(1 2h)

= (3h 3) + (4 8h)
= 3h 3 + 4 8h
= 5h + 1

Answer: C

t+3
t
9. +
2
4
2(t + 3)
t
= +
4
22
2t + 6
t
= +
4
4
2t + 6 + t
=
4
3t + 6
=
4
Answer: A

Answer: C

4. 4(p 3) 3(1 2p)

= (4p 12) (3 6p)
= 4p 12 3 + 6p
= 10p 15
Answer: A

5. 3k(2 k) 5(2k 1)
= (6k 3k2) (10k 5)
= 6k 3k2 10k + 5
= 3k2 4k + 5

k+1
k2
10. +
6
3
k+1
2(k 2)
= +
6
23
k+1
2k 4
= +
6
6
k + 1 + 2k 4
=
6
3k 3
=
6
k1
=
2
Answer: A

Answer: D

6. (4e f)(2e 3f)

= (4e)(2e) + (4e)(3f) + (f)(2e) + (f)(3f)
= 8e2 12ef 2ef + 3f2
= 8e2 14ef + 3f2
Answer: D

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 Mathematics SPM Chapter 1

h3
1h
11.
15
5
h 3 3(1 h)
=
15
35
h3
3 3h
=
15
15
h 3 3 + 3h
=
15
4h 6
=
15
Answer: D

4m
m+6
15.
m
3m

m+6
3(4 m)
=
3m
3m
m+6
12 3m
=
3m
3m

12 3m m 6
=
3m
6 4m
=
3m
Answer: B

t + 4 3(1 2t)
12.
2
5
5(t + 4)
2 3(1 2t)
=
52
25
5t + 20
6 12t
=
10
10
5t + 20 6 + 12t
=
10
17t + 14
=
10

Paper 1
1. 3x(x + y) (x 2y)2
= 3x2 + 3xy (x2 + 2xy + 2xy + 4y2)
= 3x2 + 3xy (x2 + 4xy + 4y2)
= 3x2 + 3xy x2 4xy 4y2
= 2x2 xy 4y2

Answer: C

Answer: B

3
p+3
13.
4p
p
3
4(p + 3)
=
4p
4p
3
4p + 12
=
4p
4p
3 4p 12
=
4p
4p 9
=
4p

2. h(h + k) (h + k)(h k)
= h2 + hk (h2 k2)
= h2 + hk h2 + k2
= hk + k2
Answer: A

3. (3p 1)(q 1) + (p + 1)(q 2)

= 3pq 3p q + 1 + pq 2p + q 2
= 4pq 5p 1

Answer: C

Answer: B

k+1
2k
14.
5k
k

p4
3(1 2p)
4.
p
p2
p(p 4) 3(1 2p)
=
p2
2
p 4p 3 + 6p
=
p2
p2 + 2p 3
=
p2

k + 1 5(2 k)
=
5k
5k
k+1
10 5k
=
5k
5k
k + 1 10 + 5k
=
5k
6k 9
=
5k
Answer: D

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Answer: A

Mathematics SPM Chapter 1

5.

10. 4(y 2) (1 2y)2

= 4y 8 (1 2y 2y + 4y2)
= 4y 8 (1 4y + 4y2)
= 4y 8 1 + 4y 4y2
= 4y2 + 8y 9

6q 2pq
8pq

q2 4
q+2
2q(3 p)
q+2

(q 2)(q + 2)
8pq
1

3p
1

q2
4p
3p
=
4p(q 2)

Answer: D

3k
4+k
11.
k
k2

Answer: B
6.

4hk
kh kw

k2
hw
=

1 1

4h 4w
=
w
Answer: D
7.

k(3 k)
=
4+k
3k k2
=
4+k

4hk
k(h w)

k2
hw

3k
k2
=
4+k
1k

Answer: D
12. 7hk 3(1 hk)
= 7hk 3 + 3hk
= 10hk 3

h+1
2 h2

3
4h
4h(h + 1)
3(2 h2)

=
4h 3
3 4h
4h2 + 4h 6 + 3h2
=
12h
7h2 + 4h 6
=
12h

Answer: D
q2
13. (4p2 + pq)
p2(q + 4p)

q2
= p(4p + q)
2
p (q + 4p)
pq2
=
p2

Answer: B

q2
=
p

8. (3h 2k)(4k h)
= (3h)(4k) + (3h)(h) (2k)(4k) (2k)(h)
= 12hk 3h2 8k2 + 2kh
= 3h2 + 14hk 8k2

Answer: B

Answer: A
k
2k
9.
4h
h

Paper 1
1. (a b)2 + ab
= (a b)(a b) + ab
= a2 ab ab + b2 + ab
= a2 + b2 ab

k
4(2 k)
=
4h
4h
k
8 4k
=
4h
4h
k 8 + 4k
=
4h
5k 8
=
4h

Answer: D
2. (x y)2 xy
= (x y)(x y) xy
= x2 xy xy + y2 xy
= x2 + y2 3xy

Answer: A

Answer: C

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 Mathematics SPM Chapter 1

3. a2 + b2 (a + b)2
= a2 + b2 (a + b)(a + b)
= a2 + b2 (a2 + ab + ab + b2)
= a2 + b2 (a2 + 2ab + b2)
= a2 + b2 a2 2ab b2
= 2ab

10. 2(x 3)2 + 3 2x2

= 2(x 3)(x 3) + 3 2x2
= 2(x2 3x 3x + 9) + 3 2x2
= 2x2 12x + 18 + 3 2x2
= 12x + 21
Answer: B

Answer: D

11. (1 m)2 3m(m 1)

= (1 m)(1 m) (3m2 3m)
= 1 m m + m2 3m2 + 3m
= 2m2 + m + 1

4. x2 + y2 (2x y)2
= x2 + y2 (2x y)(2x y)
= x2 + y2 (4x2 2xy 2xy + y2)
= x2 + y2 (4x2 4xy + y2)
= x2 + y2 4x2 + 4xy y2
= 3x2 + 4xy

Answer: A

Answer: C

12. (3p + q)2 (p 3q)2

= (3p + q)(3p + q) (p 3q)(p 3q)
= 9p2 + 3pq + 3pq + q2 (p2 3pq 3pq + 9q2)
= 9p2 + 6pq + q2 p2 + 6pq 9q2
= 8p2 + 12pq 8q2

5. m n (m 3n)
= m2 n2 (m 3n)(m 3n)
= m2 n2 (m2 3mn 3mn + 9n2)
= m2 n2 (m2 6mn + 9n2)
= m2 n2 m2 + 6mn 9n2
= 10n2 + 6mn
2

Answer: C

Answer: B

13. (m 3n)2 (m2 + 9n2)

= (m 3n)(m 3n) (m2 + 9n2)
= m2 3mn 3mn + 9n2 m2 9n2
= 6mn

6. (2h p) 2hp
= (2h p)(2h p) 2hp
= 4h2 2hp 2hp + p2 2hp
= 4h2 6hp + p2
2

Answer: A

Answer: A

14. 3x(4y 1) y(1 4y)

= 3x(4y 1) + y(4y 1)
= (4y 1)(3x + y)

7. 6ef (2e f)2

= 6ef (2e f)(2e f)
= 6ef (4e2 2ef 2ef + f2)
= 6ef 4e2 + 4ef f2
= 10ef 4e2 f2

Answer: B

Answer: A

15. (2p 3q)2 (2p2 q2)

= (2p 3q)(2p 3q) (2p2 q2)
= 4p2 6pq 6pq + 9q2 2p2 + q2
= 2p2 12pq + 10q2

8. (x 4)2 8(2 x)
= (x 4)(x 4) (16 8x)
= x2 4x 4x + 16 16 + 8x
= x2

Answer: B

Answer: D

16. 6p(p + 2q) (3p q)2

= 6p2 + 12pq (3p q)(3p q)
= 6p2 + 12pq (9p2 3pq 3pq + q2)
= 6p2 + 12pq 9p2 + 6pq q2
= 3p2 + 18pq q2

9. n(n 1) (1 n)
= (n2 n) (1 n)(1 n)
= n2 n (1 n n + n2)
= n2 n 1 + 2n n2
=n1
2

Answer: D

Answer: C

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Mathematics SPM Chapter 1

m m2 4
17.
6m
3

m m2 + 8
20.
6
18m
m 3m
m2 + 8
=
18m
6 3m
3m2
m2 + 8
=
18m
18m
3m2 m2 8
=
18m
2
2m 8
=
18m
m2 4
=
9m

m 2m
m2 4
=
6m
3 2m
m2 4
2m2
=
6m
6m
2m2 m2 + 4
=
6m
2
m +4
=
6m
Answer: A

Answer: C

3
2h 5
18.
4h
8h2
3 2h
2h 5
=
4h 2h
8h2
6h
2h 5
= 2
8h
8h2
6h 2h + 5
=
8h2
4h + 5
=
8h2

1
2m 3
21.
3m
6m2
1 2m
2m 3
=
3m 2m
6m2
2m
2m 3
=

6m2
6m2
2m 2m + 3
=
6m2
1
=
2m2

Answer: B

Answer: D

2h
h2 3
19.
3
15h
2h 5h
h2 3
=
15h
3 5h
10h2
h2 3
=
15h
15h
10h2 h2 + 3
=
15h
2
9h + 3
=
15h
3h2 + 1
=
5h

1e
2e + 1
22.
3e
5e
5(1 e) 3(2e + 1)
=
5 3e
3 5e
5 5e
6e + 3
=
15e
15e
5 5e 6e 3
=
15e
2 11e
=
15e
Answer: A

Answer: C

e5
3 + 2e
23.
3e
9
3(e 5) e(3 + 2e)
=
3 3e
e9
(3e + 2e2)
3e 15
=
9e
9e
3e 15 3e 2e2
=
9e
15 2e2
=
9e
Answer: A
5

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 Mathematics SPM Chapter 1

mn
m4
24.
mn
4m
4(m n) n(m 4)
=
4 mn
n 4m
4m 4n mn 4n
=
4mn
4mn
4m 4n mn + 4n
=
4mn
4m mn
=
4mn
4n
=
4n

6p
3(q + 1)
27.
pq
2p

q(6 p)
2 3(q + 1)
=
q 2p
2 pq
6q + 6 6q pq
=
2pq
2pq
q
6q + 6 6 + pq
=
2pq
6 + pq
=
2pq
Answer: A

Answer: B
25.

2(h + 1)
4+e
28.
2eh
4e
2 2(h + 1)
h(4 + e)
=
2 2eh
h 4e
4h + eh
4h + 4
=
4eh
4eh
4h + 4 4h eh
=
4eh
4 eh
=
4eh

5n + 4
10 4n

4n
8
2(5n + 4)
n(10 4n)
=
2 4n
n8
10n + 8
10n 4n2
=
8n
8n
10n + 8 10n + 4n2
=
8n
8 + 4n2
=
8n
2 + n2
=
2n

Answer: B
29.

Answer: A
n+1 3+m
26.
5mn
15m
3(n + 1)
n(3 + m)
=
3 5mn
n 15m
3n + mn
3n + 3
=
15mn
15mn
3n + 3 3n mn
=
15mn
3 mn
=
15mn

1 (x2 + 1) (x2 1)

2
(x2 1)(x2 + 1)

1
2

2 x4 1
1
= 4
x 1
=

Answer: C

Answer: C

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1
1
1

4(x 1)
4(x + 1)
2(x2 + 1)
(x + 1) (x 1)
1

=
4(x2 1)
2(x2 + 1)
1
1

=
2(x2 1)
2(x2 + 1)