ACTIVITY NO.

1
pH indicators
ACTIVITY NO. 2 - "SANTOS"
QUESTIONS: Define: 1. Osmotic pressure 2. Osmolarity 3. Physiological salt solution
ACTIVITY NO. 3 - "SANTOS" &
QUESTIONS: 1. What is dialysis - SANTOS 2. What is proven by the result obtained with silver nitrate? 3.
What is proven by result obtained with starch? 4. What is the significance of dialysis in the body? SANTOS
ACTIVITY NO. 4 - "SANTOS"
QUESTIONS: 1. What are proteins 2. Summarize the general characteristics o f proteins
ACTIVITY NO. 5 - "SANTOS"
Formula of bluret Equation in ninhydrin reaction Why does nitric acid stain the skin a yellow color?
ACTIVITY NO. 6 - "FLORES"
QUESTIONS: 1. Define and give the uses of chromatography 2. Name five types of chromatography and
give the principle behind each 3. Give the meaning and use of Rf 4. Define the ff: Chromatogram Solvent
front Stationary phase Mobile phase
ACTIVITY NO. 7 - "CAYABYAB"
QUESTION: 1. Explain how proteins become denatured 2. What is meant by isoelectric point? What is its
importance? 3. What is the protein in milk? Why this protein precipitated as milk sours?
ACTIVITY NO. 9 - "VALDREZ"
QUESTION: 1. What are carbohydrates? 2. Summarize the general characteristics of carbohydrates.
ACTIVITY NO. 10 - "ALL"
Equation involved in furfural formation Equation: Benedict's test using glucose Nylander's test using
fructose Barfoed's test using lactose
Write the equation involved in mucic acid test for galactose and lactose What is the chemical composition
of seliwanoff's reagent? What is the chemical composition of Bial's reagent?

QUESTION: 1. Why do many proteins give positive result for molisch's test? - SANTOS 2. From what
other sources are pentoses obtained? - FLORES 3. How would you test for milk in a milk chocolate bar? CAYABYAB 4. How can seliwanoff's test be used to distinguish fructose from sucrose? - PANIT 5. Of what
use is barfoed's test in identifying an unknown sugar? - LARA 6. What is the chemical name and formula
of the ppt. Kbtained as positive result in benedict's and barfoed's test? - VALDREZ
ACTIVITY NO. 11 - "PANIT"
QUESTION:
1. Write equations involved in formation: A. Glocosazone B. Fructosazone 2. What sugar give the same
osazone? Why? 3. How did the reaction of mannose differ from that of the other sugars? 4. Give 3
reasons why the osazone test can be used in the identification of sugars.
ACTIVITY NO. 12 - "ALL"
Write the different stages in the acid hydrolysis of starch,stating the color obtained with iodine at each
stage
QUESTION: 1. What are the other sources of glycogen? Of starch? - SANTOS 2. What are the end
products of hydrolysis of glycogen? Of starch? - FLORES 3. How do starch and glycogen differ
structurally? - CAYABYAB 4. What is meant by achromatic point? - PANIT 5. Illustrate with equation how
plants manufacture starch - VALDREZ 6. Give another name for glycogen and another name for strach LARA
ACTIVITY NO. 13 - "LARA"
QUESTION: 1. What is meant by specific rotation? 2. Why is the hydrolysis if sucrose called inversion?
Write the equation for the inversion of sucrose. 3. What is the oppurpose of adding NaOH to the mixture
before taking the polarimeter reading? 4. How is sucrose hydrolyzed in the body? 5. Calculate the amount
of glucose in 10 ml. Of a solution which gives an equilibrium rotation of +26. 1 deg. In a 200 mm.
Polarimeter tube.
ACTIVITY NO. 15 - FLORES
In what solvent is the pil soluble! What are these solvents called? Equation for acrolein test What is meant
by iodine numner? Give its significance. Drawings:
ACTIVITY NO. 16 - "ALL"
What is the chemical defition of soap? - SANTOS Write an equation illustrating saponification using
oleopalmitostearin as the triglycerides What is the principle behind "salting out" - SANTOS Equations for
the formation of insoluble soaps Equation for RCOONa for soap Equation for separation of glycerol

QUESTION: 1. What are the advantages of detergent over soap? What is the difference in chemical
structure between soap and detergent? - CAYABYAB 2. Explain the cleansing action of soap - FLORES 3.
What is meant by saponification number? Give its significance - VALDREZ 4. What are the differences
between fats and oils? - PANIT 5. Give some uses of glycerol - LARA
ACTIVITY NO. 17 - PANIT
QUESTION:
1. Write the formula of cholesterol 2. In what parts of the body is cholesterol found? 3. What food are rich
in cholesterol 4. What is the clinical importance of the quantitative determination of cholesterol in the
blood? 5. What are gallstones?
ACTIVITY NO. 18 - CAYABYAB
QUESTION: 1. Write the names and structural formulas of the different pyrimidine bases. 2. Write the
names ans structural formulas of the different purine bases 3. Give the different hydrolytic products of:
RNA DNA 4. Discuss briefly the importance of nucleoproteins.
ACTIVITY NO. 19 - LARA
Equation: calcium Equation: magnesium Equation: chlorine Equation: sulfur Equation: phosphorus
Equation: iron
QUESTION: 1. List the chemical elemets needed by man and give the function of each 2. Which elemts
are likely to be lost by dry ashing 3. What is the effect of the diet on the type of inorganic elements they
furnish the body? 4. What is the effect of food materials taken in on the acid base balance of the body?
ACTIVITY NO. 20 - VALDREZ
QUESTION: 1. Why should peeled potatoes not be exposed to air longer than necessary 2. Compare the
stability of oxidase and peroxidase to heat 3. Differentiate the action of oxidase, peroxidase and catalase.
ACTIVITY NO. 21 - "ALL"
QUESTION: 1. What are the optimum conditions for enzyme activity in the human body? - SANTOS 2.
Give other factors which influence enzyme acrivity and state the effect of each factor. - FLORES
ACTIVITY NO. 22 - "ALL"
What is the specific gravity of the saliva sample? - SANTOS
QUESTION: 1. Why should the test described above be performed on the same sample of saliva? CAYABYAB 2. What factors are responsible for the variations in the composition of saliva - PANIT 3. Write

equations for the different reactions involved in C. - VALDREZ 4. What glycoprotein is oresent in saliva?
What is its function? - LARA
ACTIVITY NO. 23 - "ALL"
QUESTION: 1. What is ptyalin made up of? - SANTOS 2. What substances does otyalin act ypon? SANTOS 3. What are the optimum conditions for otyalin activity - FLORES
ACTIVITY NO. 24 - "ALL"
QUESTION: 1. What is the normal acidity of the stomach contents? - CAYABYAB 2. What does the
oresence of lactic acid in gastric juice indicate? - PANIT 3. What does the presence of blood in gastric
contents indicate? - LARA 4. What is the importance of performing gastric analysis? - VALDREZ
ACTIVITY NO. 25 - "ALL"
QUESTION: 1. What is the significance of the presence of excessive amounts of bilirubin in feces? SANTOS 2. What is the significance of the total absemce of bile pigment in feces - FLORES 3. Explain
why stool darkens in color on exposure - CAYABYAB 4. What is responsible for the normal color of stool? PANIT 5. What is responsible for the characteristic odor of stool? - VALDREZ 6. On what does the
cosistency of feces depend? - LARA
ACTIVITY NO. 26 - "ALL"
QUESTION:
1. Why does urine become turbid on standing? - SANTOS 2. Explain the alkaline fermetation of urine FLORES 3. What is the importance of determining the specific gravity of urine? - CAYABYAB 4. Why must
the examination of urine be done in a 24- hour specimen? - PANIT 5. What substances are responsible
for the normal color of urine? - VALDREZ 6. Outline the origin of the color of urine and feces - LARA
ACTIVITY NO. 27 - "ALL"
What is triple phosphate? - SANTOS What are the sources of the phosphate found in urine? - FLORES
How does urea become a component if urine? - CAYABYAB What property of uric acid id shown by this
test? - PANIT How does uric acid become a constituent of urine - LARA How does creatinine become a
component of urine? - VALDREZ Equation: indican How does indican become a component of urine? SANTOS What pigments are usually present in urine - FLORES What are the different microscopic
constituents of urine? - CAYABYAB
QUESTION:
1. What pathological condictions is indicated by: VALDREZ A. Glucose in urine B. Albumin in urine C.
Acetone in urine D. Blood in urine 2. What is keant by creatinine coefficient and what is its significance? -

LARA 3. Why is lactose found in urine of lactating women - PANIT 4. What is the significance of large
amounts of indican in urine - SANTOS 5. What is phosphoturia and what is its significance - FLORES
ACTIVITY NO. 28 - "SANTOS"
QUESTION: 1. Name 5 inorganic metallic constituents of blood and give the function of each 2. Describe
the structure of the hemoglobin molecule 3. What is methemoglobin? Give its color. 4. What is
carboxyhemoglobin? Give its color 5. What is the importance of blood sugar determination?
ACTIVITY NO. 29 - "ALL"
QUESTION: 1. Write the chemical name and structural formula of hemin - FLORES 2. Describe a method
of detecting blood strains on cloth - CAYABYAB
ACTIVITY NO. 30
QUESTION: 1. What is the difference between plasma and serum? - PANIT 2. What are the plasma
proteins? Give the function of each - VALDREZ 3. What is meant by icterus index? What is its
significance. - LARA