Electrolytes

and
Renal Function

1.

Kidney regulation & conservation of

electrolytes
Glomerulus- acts as filter, retaining large
proteins, and protein bound constituents

2. Renal Tubules
*Phosphate reabsorption is inhibited by PTH,
excretion of Phosphate is stimulated by
calcitonin
*Calcium is reabsorbed by the influence of
PTH and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol .
Calcitonin stimulates excretion of calcium
*Magnesium reabsorption occurs largely in
thick ascending limb of loop of Henle.

*Sodium reabsorption can occur through

three mechanism:
Approx. 70% of Na in the filtrate is reabsorbed
in the PCT by iso-osmotic reabsorption. It is
limited, however, by the availability of Cl to
maintain electrically neutrality.
Na is reabsorbed in exchange of H. This
reaction is linked with HCO3 and depends on
carbonic anhydrase.
Na is reabsorbed stimulated by aldosterone in
exchange of K in DCT

Cl is reabsorbed in part, by passive

transport in the PCT along the conc.
Gradient created by Na

K is reabsorbed by two mechanism:

Active reabsorption in in the PCT almost
completely conserves K
Exchange with Na is stimulated by aldosterone. H
competes with K for this exchange

Bicarbonate is recovered from the

glomerulus filtrate and converted to CO2
when H is excreted in the urine.

Loop of Henle:
With normal AVP function, it creates an osmotic
gradient that enables water reabsorption to be
increased or decreased in response to body fluid
changes in osmolality

Collecting Ducts:
Also under AVP influence, this is where final
adjustment of water excretion is made.