EXPERIMENT NO.

14

Solve the following equations after establishing the theory of

consistency:

x+2yz=33xy+2z=12x2y+3z=2xy+z=1
4x5y2z2=0
5x4y+2z+2=02x+2y+8z1=0
x+2y5z+9=03xy+2z5=02x+3yz3=04x5y+z+3=0

REPORT PAGE

OBJECT:TO SOLVE THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF NONHOMOGENEOUS EQUATIONS AFTER ESTABLISHING THE
THEORY OF CONSISTENCY

PROCEDURE:
a) The given system of non-homogeneous equation can be written in the form:

AX=B
Where A is a matrix of coefficient
Where X is a column vector of variables
Where B is a column vector of constants
b) Then, find the augmented matrix (A, B).
c) Find the rank of matrix A and the rank of augmented matrix (A, B).
d) The given system of non-homogeneous equation is said to be consistent and is
solvable iff
RANK
MATRIX (A, B)

OF

MATRIX

A=

RANK

OF

AUGMENTED

e) If the above condition is true, thenonly thegiven system of non-homogeneous

equation is solvable, and then solves the system simultaneously.

RESULTS:
A) THE SYSTEM OF EQUATION x+2y-z=3 IS CONSISTENT AND
3x-y+2z=1
2x-2y+3z=2
x-y+z=-1
THE SOLUTION IS AS FOLLOWS[x

z]=[-1

B) THE SYSTEM OF EQUATION 4x-5y-2z-2=0

INCONSISTENT AND
5x-4y+2z+2=0
2x+2y+8z-1=0
HAS NO SOLUTION.

IS

4].

CALCULATION

x+2y-z=3 3x-y+2z=1 2x-2y+3z=2 x-y+z=-1

SOLUTION:

THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS CAN BE WRITTEN IN THE FORM

AX=B
WHERE A IS A 4X3 MATRIX OF COEFFICIENT
WHERE X IS 3X1 COLUMN VECTOR OF VARIABLES
WHERE B IS 4X1 COLUMN VECTOR OF CONSTANTS
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATION IS SAID TO BE CONSISTENT AND
HAVE A SOLUTION IF AND ONLY IF :
RANK OF A = RANK OF AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,B)

1
2
-1

3
MATRIX A=
3
-1
2
B=
1

2
-2
3

1
-1
1

-1
AUGEMNTED MATRIX (A,B)=
1
2
-1
3

3
-1
2
1

2
-2
3
2

1
-1
1
-1

NOW TO FIND THE RANK OF AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,I) APPLYING

ELEMENTARY TRANSFORMATIONS,
R2R2-3R1
R3R3-2R1
R4R4-R1;

1
2
-1

0
-7
5

-8

0
-6
5

-4

0
-3
2

-4

;
;

R37R3-6R2;

R47R4-3R2;

1
2
-1
3
0
-7
5
-8
0
0
5
20
0

-1

-4

R3R3/5;
1
2
-1
3
0
-7
5
-8
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
0

R4R4+R3;

SINCE, THE RANK OF THE MATRIX A AND THE RANK OF

AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,B) IS EQUAL THEREFORE, THE GIVEN
SYSTEM OF EQUATION IS CONSISTENT
NOW ,THE SYSTEM OF EQUATION IS REDUCED TO THE FORM

1
2
-1
x
3
0
-7
5
y
=
-8
0
0
1
z
4
WHICH GIVES,
x+2y-z=3 5z-7y=-8 z=4

WHICH GIVES,
x= -1, y= 4

AND

z=4

x+2y-z=3
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATION 3x-y+2z=1 IS CONSISTENT AND
THE SOLUTION IS AS
2x-2y+3z=2
x-y+z=-1
x

-1

FOLLOWS

4x-5y-2z-2=0
5x-4y+2z+2=0 2x+2y+8z-1=0
SOLUTION:
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS CAN BE WRITTEN IN THE FORM
AX=B
WHERE A IS A 3X3 MATRIX OF COEFFICIENT
WHERE X IS 3X1 COLUMN VECTOR OF VARIABLES
WHERE B IS 3X1 COLUMN VECTOR OF CONSTANTS
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATION IS SAID TO BE CONSISTENT AND
HAVE A SOLUTION IF AND ONLY IF :
RANK OF A = RANK OF AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,B)

4
-5
-2
2

MATRIX A=
5
-4
2
B=
-2

2
2
8

4
-5
-2

2
AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,I)=
5
-4
2
-2

2
2
8
1

NOW TO FIND THE RANK OF AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,I) APPLYING

ELEMENTARY TRANSFORMATIONS,

R24R2-5R1;

R32R3-R4;

4
-5
-2
2
0
9
18
-18
0
9
18
0

R3R2
4
-5
-2
2
0
9
18
0
0
0
0
-18

R3R3-R2;

SINCE, THE RANK OF MATRIX A IS NOT EQUAL TO THE RANK OF

AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,B THEREFORE, THE SYSTEM OF EQUATION
IS INCONSISTENT AND HENCE HAS NO SOLUTION

4x-5y-2z-2=0
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATION 5x-4y+2z+2=0
INCONSISTENT AND HAS
2x+2y+8z-1=0
NO SOLUTION POSSIBLE.

IS

x+2y-5z+9=0 3x-y+2z-5=0 2x+3y-z-3=0 4x-5y+z+3=0

SOLUTION:
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS CAN BE WRITTEN IN THE FORM
AX=B
WHERE A IS A 4X3 MATRIX OF COEFFICIENT
WHERE X IS 3X1 COLUMN VECTOR OF VARIABLES
WHERE B IS 4X1 COLUMN VECTOR OF CONSTANTS
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATION IS SAID TO BE CONSISTENT AND
HAVE A SOLUTION IF AND ONLY IF :
RANK OF A = RANK OF AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,B)

1
2
-5
-9
MATRIX A=
3
-1
2
B=
5
2
3
-1
3
4
-5
1
-3

AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,I)=

1
2
-5

-9

3
-1
2

2
3
-1

4
-5
1

-3

NOW TO FIND THE RANK OF AUGMENTED MATRIX (A,I) APPLYING

ELEMENTARY
TRANSFORMATIONS,

R2R2-3R1
;
R3R3-2R1
R4R4-4R1;

1
2
-5

-9

0
-7
17

32

0
-1
9

21

0
-13
21

33

R37R3-R2
;
R47R4-13R2;

1
2
-5
-9

0
-7
17
32

0
0
46
115

0
0
-74
-185

R446R4+74R3;
1

-5

-9

46 115

0
-7
17
32
0
0
0
0
0
SINCE, THE RANK OF THE MATRIX A AND THE RANK OF AUGMENTED
MATRIX (A,B) IS EQUAL THEREFORE, THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF
EQUATION IS CONSISTENT
NOW ,THE SYSTEM OF EQUATION IS REDUCED TO THE FORM

1
2
-5
x
-9
0
-7
17
y
=
32
0
0
46
z
115

WHICH GIVES,
x+2y-5z=-9 17z-7y=32 46z=115

WHICH GIVES,

x=0.5 y= 1. AND z= 2.5

x+2y-5z+9=0
THE GIVEN SYSTEM OF EQUATION 3x-y+2z-5=0 IS CONSISTENT AND
THE SOLUTION IS AS
2x+3y-z-3=0 4x-5y+z+3=0
0.5
FOLLOWS
2.5

1.5