CertainTeed STM 10th Ed

Ce r t a i nTe e d
Shingle Technology Manual
QUA
LE
L
G
Teed
Certain
Y
IT
SHIN
Te n t h E d it ion
The dif wledge

is kno
gle
Shinology
n
Tech ference
E C I A LI
An inside look at the Science of

manufacturing an asphalt shingle
This educational program helps the professional contractor distinguish himself
from the fly-by-night contractor in the eyes of the homeowner. To become a
Shingle Quality Specialist, you must pass the test that covers the material in
this manual.
Online Testing
Test online at www.certainteed.com/sqstest for instant grading.
Use trade knowledge and credentials to win more jobs.

CertainTeed offers the industrys strongest trade knowledge and most meaningful
credential programs. Learn about the latest roofing products, selling strategies
and shingle installation guidelines. Then earn credentials as a sign of distinction
to separate your company from the competition.
Trade Knowledge
The Shingle Technology Manual is a unique source of Information about shingle
manufacturing and selling techniques.
The Shingle Technology Manual covers every aspect of a high-quality roof installation.
Company Credentials
The SELECT ShingleMaster is the highest level credential available, and
differentiates you in the eyes of homeowners even further.
The ShingleMaster credential shows homeowners your company is
committed to craftsmanship and professionalism.
For information on how these programs work and the many benefits they offer:
Call 800-404-9880 or visit www.certainteed.com/edge
or write to: CertainTeed Corp, P.O. Box 20126, Lehigh Valley, PA 18002-0126
Table of Contents
Introduction............................................................................................................................. 2
Section 1
Excellence vs. Low Price: What Is the Objective?.................................................................... 3
Section 2
Selling Styles............................................................................................................................. 9
Section 3
Shingle Mat............................................................................................................................. 14
Section 4
Asphalt and Stabilizer............................................................................................................. 16
Section 5
Shingle Granules and Backsurfacing...................................................................................... 21
Section 6
Shingle Design........................................................................................................................ 26
Section 7
Warranty.................................................................................................................................. 30
Section 8
Packaging................................................................................................................................ 37
Section 9
Testing and Quality Assurance............................................................................................... 40
Section 10
Credentials to Set You Apart.................................................................................................. 43
Shingle Quality Specialist

The Shingle Technology Advantage
Editor: Jay B. Butch
The editor gratefully acknowledges contributions by the following team members: James Leonard,
Richard Snyder, Steve Koch, Steven Laurey, Mark Harner, Dale Walton and Louis Terrenzio
Section 1 Excellence vs. Low Price

What is the objective?
Most manufacturers take both price and quality into consideration in the design and
manufacture of their products. But when excellence is the top priority, the product line reflects it. Of course, higher quality may cost a bit more. That higher price from the manufacturer forces the contractor to face the same choice of priorities. If he chooses the higher
quality path, he must pay more. And now he must
somehow convince his prospect of the higher value
of his pass-through price.
More than any other

factor, the difference in
shingles comes down to
this: Is the manufacturers
first priority low price or
excellent quality?
This handbook reveals the details of the design and

assembly decisions a manufacturer must make as
he works his way through the high quality vs. low
price issues. In the end, you will be able to choose
among the shingle products available to make your
own informed choice.
Lets assume a contractor chooses to spend the

extra bucks for excellence. He is then faced with
the task of convincing his prospects that he made the right decision: a decision thats right,
not only for him, but also for them!
How does a contractor who offers high grade service and product convince the homeowner
that, in fact, it is true that you get what you pay for? To put together a convincing argument,
the contractor needs to understand that, in the case of both his service and the products he
proposes to install, the homeowners choice comes down to a very basic concept. Question:
Will the proposed new roof system meet his or her objectives? Addressing and meeting the
homeowners objectives is central to the preparation of an effective sales presentation.
Believe it or not, the objectives are pretty much common to all homeowners, although the
mix of priorities is not.
Here are the four basic objectives.
1. Simple problem solving: stop the leak
2. Peace of mind: prevent a leak/assured reliable performance/no stress
3. Property value: higher resale value or quick turnover
4. Pride of ownership: aesthetic improvement
Are you wondering why price is not included as an objective? Its true, almost before we
introduce ourselves, the question is raised, How much will it be? Nevertheless, price is not
a homeowner objective. It is a hurdle that he or she must clear to reach his or her objectives.
Keep this in mind as you think about how to use the knowledge in this handbook.
Customer objectives
Most roofing projects involve a combination, or mix, of all four of the objectives just listed.
The lower numbered objectives foster lower priced products. Higher numbered objectives
foster higher priced products. It is usually impossible to know for sure the mix of priorities
assigned to the objectives in this bundle. Nevertheless, this mix, however it is distributed, is
the measure of project excellence in the buyers mind. Simply stated, excellence is what the

buyer wants you to deliver. Price is an obstacle that limits perfection. If price were no object, the
project would change drastically.
Whether you sell by making face-to-face presentations, direct mail or mailbox drop-offs,
you should address the homeowners need to reach all four objectives. Many contractors
assume that choosing the right contractor is the most important thing on the mind of the
prospect. In fact, choosing the contractor is important to the homeowner only because it is
another hurdle to be overcome to achieve his true goal, a new roof system. If the buyer could
purchase a prefabricated roof system off a shelf or a showroom floor, he would do it without
compunction. The need to choose a contractor adds uncertainty to the purchase.
Good contractors are properly obsessed with the task of reducing that uncertainty and
proving they are to be trusted. But, in this obsession to prove their own trustworthiness,
contractors sometimes lose sight of the basic fact that the homeowner wants a new roof
system. He needs a contractor to install it. It is therefore important to present, one way or
another, the superiority of your proposed roof system over other possible choices. To show
the benefits of the system you propose, talk about its ability to meet the homeowners
objectives. Do this and you will be talking his/her language. When you know the pros and
cons of the basic building block of a residential roof system, the shingle, this task is not
difficult. That is what this handbook provides.
Translate features to benefits

Much of the information in this handbook is technical in nature. It focuses on shingle features.
A few customers will demand the technical facts, but most simply want to understand the
benefits of the technical features. To translate the technical features to customer benefits,
think about the customers objectives and choose language that complements those
objectives. Lets see how to relate features and benefits to the customers objectives.
Objective
Feature
Benefit Language
Solve a
Problem
Contractor experience & workforce

Product warranty
Stops the leak
Peace of
Mind

Contractor referrals
Material quality
Warranty terms and limitations
Manufacturers service track record
Finish the difficult task of contractor selection

Start the job
Get a handle on when the job will finish
Move on to other things that are more fun, less stressful
Property
Value

Shingle style
Color
Warranty transferability
Makes the house look better than new

Makes resale quicker, easier
Eliminates a potential block to sale of property
Pride of
Ownership
Shingle style
Color
Just like a custom remodel of a kitchen or bath,

But the neighbors enjoy it, too

Understanding the Interplay of the Objectives
If its true that all four customer objectives are usually bundled or mixed together, the mix
of priorities assigned to each objective in the bundle can vary widely from one homeowner
to another. For purposes of the discussion that follows, when we talk about the primary
objective, keep in mind that the remaining objectives in the mix are also factors in the
homeowners decision.
It is important to understand that, because the objectives and assigned priorities of each
customer can be so different, your sales approach must offer the buying party a choice of
roof systems. Only the homeowner can know what mix is right for him. This means making
an informed selection among good, better and best alternatives. Materials offered in the
CertainTeed Business Resources Catalog can help you make a Good-Better-Best sales
presentation. It is strongly recommended you ask for one. For now, your task is to appreciate
the variety of the homeowner motivations you face as you attempt to justify the value of your
job proposal.
1. Solve a Problem
There are some jobs, like repairs or fix-ups for resale or commercial maintenance, that
have pretty much a single objective: stop the leak. This homeowner may be willing to go on
patching forever. He/She doesnt want to apply imagination to the project. He/She doesnt
care about aesthetics.
There is literally no shingle in the market that wont stop a leak for at least a while, if properly
installed. Workmanship is the primary variable. You dont have to know much more about
roofing than how to nail on a three-tab shingle and trowel on black plastic roofing cement.
To stop a leak, your status as a Shingle Quality Specialist, quite frankly, is overkill. Some
contractors specialize in this work and can develop a very profitable business. But there isnt
room for too many contractors in this market niche.
2. Peace of Mind
Lets consider the homeowners desire for peace of mind. This is where your larger
knowledge base can begin to pay off. This homeowner not only wants to stop todays leak,
but he/she also wants to prevent all leaks for a long time. He/She also wants to avoid other
problems that might arise. He/She doesnt know what those problems might be, but wants
a promise that there will be no surprises. He/She expects you to know all about those
surprises and to keep them away.
At this level, the information in the Shingle Technology Manual pays off big-time. After reading
the book, you will be an expert in the potential surprises a poorly manufactured shingle can
spring on the unsuspecting homeowner. You can explain the benefits of spending slightly
more for a product now so there wont be any surprises later. And if your installers are in the
CertainTeed Master Shingle Applicator program, you can also talk about the possible
surprises in store for a homeowner who employs a contractor workforce of uncertain skill and
commitment.

3. Property Value
This objective can be a lot more complex, especially if the homeowner also assigns high
priority to the other three objectives. The customer has a leak, a small one. It comes and
goes without much damage (solve a problem). Its worrying him/her a little. He/She doesnt
want it to get bigger and cause serious damage (peace of mind). He/She is thinking about
selling the house in about three years, and thinks a new roof might make that sale easier.
Some of the other houses in the neighborhood have installed dimensional shingles (property
value). He/She and his/her spouse both agree that their house is looking a little old-fashioned.
And what if they dont move? Then they definitely want a nice-looking house without leaks
(pride of ownership).
To address this bundle of objectives effectively, you will have to reach beyond Shingle Quality Specialist and Master Shingle Applicator. Shingle Quality Specialist will help you discuss
the benefit of SureStart protection until the home goes up for sale. You would talk about the
benefit of transferring CertainTeeds warranty to the new owner. Then you should be able to
demonstrate with literature and pictures the beneficial billboard effect a handsome new
dimensional roof can have on a prospective buyer. And if the homeowners decide not to sell,
then theyll have no regrets for choosing a better shingle.
4. Pride of Ownership
This objective appears to be less complex than the last. But for the contractor whose notion
of a sales presentation is centered around low price, this customer is much more difficult to
handle effectively.
You know that some homeowners reroof before the threat of a leak ever crosses their minds.
If you asked them the right question they might tell you, We just bought the house last year.
I cant imagine why the former owners ever put white shingles on. I told Bob that our first
priority had to be a new roof!
But Bob is worried. Hes thinking, Thats all true. But this roof doesnt leak. It has plenty of life
left in it. If we make this investment I want to be sure it adds to my property value, and I dont
want any surprises!
Pride is driving the change. But the buying party typically involves two people. Many
contractors take misplaced pride in their approach to an estimate like this, where the roof is
in good shape. One might say to this couple, Listen, Im going to do you a favor. This roof
has another 15 or 20 years left in it. Most people would move away before this roof might
need to be replaced. Im not in the business of stealing your money. Save yourself the
expense. Buy a new kitchen.
This contractor, in addition to his good ethics, is looking to create good will and maybe a
referral with his honesty. Unfortunately, he is not responsive to the homeowners objectives.
If this contractor were to ask questions and find out the true objectives, he could add to his
honest evaluation of the existing roof a Good-Better-Best proposal to upgrade. Then his
honesty might pay off much more directly with a profitable job, in addition to referrals that
will come later.

Good-Better-Best Selling
If you could only know what that mix of objectives really is, wouldnt you be a heck of a
salesperson? You dont know that mix, but dont fret. No one salesperson knows a
customers personal mix of priorities for sure. Not even the great ones. The solution is to
learn to offer a choice of Good-Better-Best roof systems. This is NOT hard to learn. It does
take practice. The great salesman is not born, hes taught.
CertainTeed supports your sales efforts with the Business Resources Catalog, containing
very effective brochures and the Information from Your Professional Roofer estimate folder
that help you sell Good-Better-Best options. In the meantime, here are some rules of thumb
about Good-Better-Best selling that will tempt you to seek more information.
GBB Rules of Thumb
Good-Better-Best selling IS NOT:
Good-Better-Best Selling IS:
Simply offering a price on three

different shingles
Offering shingle upgrades at cost
Presenting a menu of three choices of roof

systems, each with clearly differentiated
value and appearance to the buyer
Offering three brands of the same

shingle style
Educating the buyer about the different

appearance and benefits of each system
Incrementally pricing the different choices
to correspond to the different values
Pricing based on an understanding of
your own costs and objectives
As you read the material that follows, keep in mind that this technical information is meant to
build your confidence in the product you sell and in your ability to convince others that your
choice is the one they can trust. Your status as a Shingle Quality Specialist is also a signal to
the buyer that you are a contractor who operates on a higher level than others who might be
dropping off bids for cheaper roof systems.
Section 1 Questions
1-1 Price is not a hurdle for the homeowner.
A. True
B. False
1-2 Which of the following is NOT an objective of a homeowner when buying a new roof
system?
A. Stop the leak
B. Low price
C. Aesthetic improvement
D. Higher resale value
1-3 To show the benefits of the system you propose, you should talk about its ability to
meet the homeowners objectives.
A. True
B. False
1-4 Even though the objectives and priorities of each customer are different, its best to
offer them more than one option.
A. True
B. False
1-5 The Shingle Quality Specialist qualification will give you the biggest payoff with
which homeowner objective?
A. Pride of ownership
B. Solving a problem
C. Peace of mind
D. Property value
1-6 Some homeowners reroof before the threat of a leak ever crosses their minds.
This is which objective?
A. Pride of ownership
B. Peace of mind
C. Property value
D. Solving a problem
1-7 Only a great salesperson can know a customers personal mix of objectives
for sure.
A. True
B. False
1-8 Which of the following is NOT Good-Better-Best selling?
A. Educating the buyer about the different appearances of the shingles offered
B. Offering three choices with clearly differentiated value and appearance
C. Setting your pricing incrementally to correspond with the products different values
D. Offering shingle upgrades at cost
Section 2 Selling Styles

In the field of sales, how you present the information is almost as important as the accuracy
and relevance of the information. Effective communication is commonly a weak spot for
roofing contractors. In fact, its a weakness for a majority of people, regardless of profession.
Nine out of ten people will tell you they would rather eat broccoli than give a speech. Here are
three approaches to communicating a sales message that are adapted to varying levels of
speaking confidence and different selling styles.
Selling Styles
There are two distinct approaches used by contractors to win jobs, to get work. One is bid
submittal. The other is selling.
Bidding is the common system used for commercial and industrial contract work. It is also
the method preferred by most residential roofing contractors. Some contractors have a
negative perception of selling. Remember, selling is merely communicating effectively
with customers to help them meet their objectives. So, is bidding really the right method?
Lets put it this way. Its a style that, on the surface, is easily learned and commonly
understood. Many of your former employees could work up a price and make a bid on a
shingle roof. The bidder might make the assumption that materials plus wages plus 10%
produces a profit. Its the typical method to compile low price estimates.
Experienced professional contractors who bid jobs inevitably have mixed feelings about the
bidding process. It seems to be fair to the homeowner because the odds are in favor of the
buyer. These odds allow contractors to feel good about themselves, their integrity and their
fairness.
On the other hand, sometimes it seems like an asylum run by the inmates. Pricing can be
run down below profitability by contractors who are newcomers, who dont understand how
to price for profitability, or by sinkers who are pricing strictly for short-term cash flow and will
soon be out of business.
So, is it good for the homeowner? It is, in fact, buyer friendly only if the buyer is well informed
and experienced in the contracting process, as is true in the commercial or industrial context.
The homeowners risk is that the roofers performance will be below standard. And, in the
bidding process, just who will educate the homeowner about fair standards for performance?
Nobody! The result is the perception is created that price is king and low price rules. And
fringe players hold the wild cards.
Over the years, we have asked thousands of roofers what

they most need to improve profitability.
They want the opportunity to:
Prove their work is superior
Demonstrate their products are superior
Prove their service is superior
I want to know how to convince the buyer Im worth more than the lowest
bid, is what they say.

To get paid for truly superior work, superior products and superior service, the contractor has
to sell. He has to convince customers through face-to-face communication. Bidding doesnt
cut it. If your bid looks like everyone elses and you havent sold the homeowner that youre
superior to the low bidder, and dont be surprised if price is used as the tie-breaker.
We propose for your consideration three approaches to selling:
First is the approach we call Sorta Selling. But dont let the name fool you. It works.
Sorta Selling adds the Good-Better-Best method to the common mailbox approach. It
blends marketing power with bidding. Its sort of like selling, but its not.
The second we call Better-Than Bidding. You still get to keep most of your bidding
habits, but now you add marketing and the opportunity to hook some face-to-face sales
presentations to the process.
Third is the real thing, Professional Selling. No sorta like or better than. No bidding at
all. Just out-and-out professional selling.
You can choose one approach and stay with it. Or use alternate approaches for different
types of customer needs. Over time, you can work your way through the various approaches
to eventually adopt the style best for you. The first approach, Sorta Selling, has the least
opportunity for profit. The last, using Professional Selling, offers the most profit opportunity.
Thats not to say that any one of them wont provide all the profit you want or need. Much
depends on you and your marketplace.
Sorta Selling
As the name implies, this approach isnt really a sales approach. Its a substitute for a sales
approach. Its really a marketing or advertising approach. Its for those of you who are so
addicted to bidding you just cant break the habit. Sorta Selling can bring you more sales.
And, if you stick to the principles of Good-Better-Best Selling, it can also bring you more
profit.
In a nutshell, this is the idea. When you mail your bid to the prospect, include a carefully
composed package of materials that supplement your bid. The materials should very clearly
show the Better and Best product alternatives. This material should discuss and illustrate,
with both words and pictures, the features and benefits of each choice. The proposal or
estimate you enclose should show the installed price for each product separately.
Lets be clear about this. Tossing together a bunch of brochures on various products and
enclosing them in the same envelope with only your Good proposal will not work. Youll raise
questions without answers. You will create confusion.
Here are some guidelines for a Sorta Selling package:
Prepare a separate bid sheet for each position of Good, Better and Best. Its easy to create
a template for each sheet. Or you can use the Information from Your Professional Roofer
estimate folder.
Attach a product brochure to each sheet.
Enclose the CertainTeed warranty in the package.
10

A
lso enclose the Choosing a Professional Roofer brochure. This helps to chase away
low-ball bidders.
Include a cover letter that explains...

a. You have provided three options because you believe the customer deserves a choice.

b. Point out there are many shingle products on the market. The shingles you are
proposing have stood the test of time and earned your confidence.

c. Call attention to the benefits of the enclosed warranty. If you are selling CertainTeed,
you should point out SureStart protection.

d. If you propose a CertainTeed Integrity Roof System, mention the benefits of each
component.

e. If you have Master Shingle Applicators on your workforce, talk about that.

f. Say how soon you believe you could start the work if the job agreement is concluded
within 10 days, for example, or by a given date.

g. Include the names or locations of at least three jobs you have completed nearby.

h. The rest is your option.
Better-Than Bidding
Better-Than Bidding uses a modified Sorta Selling approach. However, the objective is not
to make a sale by mail, as it is with Sorta Selling. Rather, we want to generate an invitation
from the homeowner to drop by with more information in other words, to make a sales
presentation. The in-home presentation can be more abbreviated than the sales presentation
required by Professional Selling. Its less stressful for the contractor who doesnt enjoy
selling. Hes there to answer questions and be a consultant. This approach still falls short of
Professional Selling, but it can be a transition to becoming a sales pro.
Heres how it works:
You measure up the job and prepare the bid. Slip the bid into a CertainTeed Information
from Your Professional Roofer estimate folder. The folder shows the CertainTeed high end
shingles and Landmark Series laminates. It also highlights the benefits of installing a roofing
system, such as the CertainTeed Integrity Roof System.
Write in the price for each one of the products you want to propose. Write a price in all
the slots if you choose. Using this visually appealing folder with the prices written in stirs up
curiosity. The homeowner may be provoked to call you. We want him/her to ask about these
other products with prices under them.
Whats this ASTM thing mean?
Why didnt you put prices for all the products?
Whats this WinterGuard thing? How come this and how come that?
These questions open the door for you to reply, Why dont I drop over Monday night to
show you and your spouse some brochures and sample boards on these other products.
Probably wont take more than 45 minutes to answer all your questions.
The desired result? You will be invited to the prospects home. There you can serve as
a technical consultant to the homeowner and demonstrate your competence and
professionalism.
11

Also, its a good idea to enclose some brochures and a cover letter, as outlined previously.
Your estimate is a Better-Than bid because it looks and acts like a bid. But it will never be the
lowest and, therefore, is not intended to win the job by low price, as bids do. It is intended to
create an opportunity to get invited to make a sales call. Or, if no invitation is forthcoming, to
operate like a Sorta Selling bid.
Professional Selling
The third option is the full-blown, professional Good-Better-Best sales presentation. The seller
who employs Professional Selling techniques is able to bring in more profitable work and take
the profitable jobs away from those who dont employ his skills. He is able to take the cream
of the crop. This is the highest level approach to selling, one which you can attain!
Here are some highlights of Professional Selling techniques:
All leads that meet the companys customer target criteria will be scheduled for a personal
call.
Every sales call is treated as a potential sale.
Sellers arrive at a sales presentation fully prepared with information and sales support
materials to close the sale at the end of the call.
Lowest price is never used as an argument to close a sale.
No presentation is rushed in favor of moving to the next prospect. Each presentation stands
on its own merit.
Pricing is determined by a plan that is tied to a profit goal. Sellers do not have the option of
selling below the line.
Professional sellers enjoy the thrill of the hunt. Like athletes, they understand that defeat is
part of the process and that winning is the result of superior skill. They are willing to practice
in order to approach perfection.
Professional sales people love to win.
So how do you do it?
By learning the information that follows, you will gain a level of expertise and confidence that
can be invaluable for Professional Selling. But you must also study selling as a profession.
You can attend seminars or one of many sales courses. An excellent option is to join a
network that concentrates on sales techniques. Many books are available. Try to select
resources that are particular to your trade. Youll save a lot of time, otherwise wasted.
12
Section 2 Questions
2-1 Selling is the most common approach used by most residential
roofing contractors.
A. True
B. False
2-2 Sorta Selling is
A. A substitute for a sales approach
B. A marketing or advertising approach
C. A method of selling that can bring you more sales and profit
D. All of the above
2-3 The objective of the Better than Bidding sales approach is to make
the sale by mail.
A. True
B. False
2-4 Which of the following is not a Professional Selling technique?
A. Arrive at the home prepared to close the sale at the end of the call
B. Pricing is pre-determined and tied to a profit goal
C. Use lowest price as an argument to close the sale
D. All of the above
13
Section 3 Shingle Mat

What is shingle fiber glass mat?
Shingle fiber glass mat is the backbone for the shingle. Everything else asphalt, stabilizer,
granules, backsurfacing, release tape, sealant, etc. depends on the glass mat to carry
the shingle through the manufacturing process and provide the majority of reinforcement
properties needed for good handling and long life.
What makes fiber glass mat different?

Fiber glass mat is produced from a uniform dispersion of very fine glass fibers and a binder
that holds them together. Weight is one factor that affects the performance of fiber glass
mats. CertainTeeds research in the past indicated that lighter weight glass mats available
at the time did not provide sufficient reinforcement to resist tearing during application or
cracking during their intended service life. Even though the glass mat is typically less than
2% of the total shingle weight, small differences in its weight can make big differences in the
physical toughness of the finished shingle. However, glass mat weight alone should
not be used to predict the expected performance of a finished shingle.
CertainTeed manufactures high quality shingles by optimizing the performance
characteristics of the blended components using specially formulated fiber glass mat,
asphalt, stabilizers, granules and asphalt. CertainTeed designs and specifies component
materials used in manufacturing shingles so that they combine together to create a superior
finished product with characteristics better than the sum of its parts. Recent proprietary
technological advances in fiber glass mat chemical and physical properties, along with
CertainTeeds carefully designed and selected component materials, have resulted in
improved product performance ensuring compliance of its shingles to CertainTeeds
stringent performance and code requirements. In short, CertainTeed designs and
manufactures shingles to meet very strict specifications. One of the most
important requirements is the requirement for tear strength. The minimum allowable
tear strength to meet the tough requirements of ASTM D3462 is 1,700 grams of force on
the Elmendorf pendulum tear tester. All CertainTeed shingles meet or exceed ASTM
D3462 standards look for the UL label printed on these shingle bundle wrappers
certifying their compliance. UL routinely inspects and evaluates CertainTeeds shingles to
ensure continued code compliance.
14
Section 3 Questions
3-1 Shingle mat provides the majority of reinforcement properties needed for good
handling shingles.
A. True
B. False
3-2 Fiber glass mat weight is not the only factor that should be used to predict the
performance of a shingle.
A. True
B. False
3-3
The minimum tear strength to meet ASTM D3462 is 1700 grams of force.
A. True
B. False
15
Section 4 Asphalt and Stabilizer

What is the role of asphalt in a shingle?
Asphalts primary purpose in shingles is to serve as a waterproofing agent. This same
coating asphalt also holds the granules in place and adds to the overall strength of
the shingle. Because of the composite nature of the shingle, asphalt serves other critical
functions as well. A special grade of asphalt is used to adhere the pieces of laminated
shingles together during manufacture, and another asphalt is used as the sealant that will
activate on the roof to adhere shingles together to resist wind blow-off.
How do asphalts vary?

You might not realize it by looking at a
shingle, but asphalts vary by crude oil
source, processing method, physical
characteristics and performance. Crude
oil can come from the United States, the
Mideast, Africa, Venezuela, Mexico, Canada
or any number of other sources worldwide.
Asphalt compositions vary depending
on where the crude oils come from
geographically, how they are processed and
handled by the refiner, and whether or not
they are blended with other crudes.
Asphalt arriving at a shingle

manufacturing plant can
vary widely in composition
and performance, unless the
manufacturer applies rigorous,
exacting requirements and
controls.
CertainTeed selects the asphalt it uses by ensuring it complies with rigorous performance
standards. Compliance with a performance standard is determined by stringent laboratory
tests. In fact, CertainTeed purchases all raw materials based on strict performance criteria
and not simply by price or prescription. In practical terms, this is like when a homeowner
says to you that, regardless of the price, the roof you install must keep his or her home
waterproof and attractive for many years. Contrast this performance specification with the
homeowner who says simply give me your best price.
Whats the best asphalt?

The best asphalt will stay flexible and not dry out or become hard or brittle for the
expected life of the shingle. The weather-aging process will cause all asphalts to lose
flexibility over time, but the best (most durable) asphalt has the least reduction of its physical
properties over time.
Even after a good asphalt has been chosen, it must be processed properly. There are
certain critical asphalt properties that must be monitored by the shingle manufacturer to
ensure that the finished product will meet performance requirements.
These are:
its softening point (the temperature at which the asphalt softens),
its viscosity (flow resistance at various temperatures),
its durability (including resistance to erosion), and
its toughness (including resistance to flexural cracking and thermal shock).
16

All of these factors together help to define the overall quality of the asphalt and can predict
the shingles performance in extreme temperatures and during the aging process. Here are
some examples of how these asphalt characteristics can affect shingle performance:
1. Shingles produced with asphalt that softens at too low of a temperature may scuff easily
and be impossible to apply in hot weather without damage.
2. Shingles produced with brittle asphalt or asphalt having a tendency to become brittle
over time will be more susceptible to cracking, and thus may have a shorter life. Shingles
produced with asphalt that lacks flexibility will also be difficult to form onto hips or ridges
and are more likely to fail prematurely.
What is coating asphalt?

Coating asphalt is applied on the top and bottom of all fiber glass shingles. Its formulated
to be hard enough to resist scuffing, but flexible enough to firmly hold the granules and resist
cracking during handling and after application.
The correct formulation of coating asphalt is critical to obtain the desired handling and
application characteristics, especially in hot summer and cold winter conditions.
To manufacture the best quality shingles, the asphalt components must

meet specific performance requirements:
1. Softening point
2. Viscosity
3. Durability
4. Toughness
Why do some shingles scuff more easily than others?

The occurrence of scuffing can be the result of a manufacturers design
compromise in which scuff resistance and flexibility are optimized to increase the long-term
durability of the shingles. Softer, more pliable high-grade asphalt, the type with the best
long-term weathering characteristics, may produce a shingle that is more prone to scuffing
during hot weather application, but it will perform much better over time than a shingle
made from hard, brittle asphalt and exhibiting poor handling characteristics in cold weather.
Model building codes require fiber glass asphalt shingles to bear a label indicating
proven compliance to ASTMD3462 performance standards, including tear strength, nailpull resistance and pliability. The label must be authorized by an independent third-party
laboratory, such as Underwriters Laboratories.
Thats why its more important than ever that the shingles you select comply with this
stringent requirement and that this compliance is verified.
CertainTeed shingles that meet these standards can be relied on to perform well throughout
North America. If you are shopping for or selling a fiber glass shingle, choose wisely.
17
All CertainTeed fiber glass shingles are tested and certified by Underwriters
Laboratories to meet the ASTM D3462 standards and we can prove it.
When you see a ULlabel certifying compliance to ASTMD3462 on a bundle
of CertainTeed fiber glass shingles, you can have confidence that they meet
this tough standard.
Copies of CertainTeeds ULCertificate of Compliance are available on our
website (www.certainteed.com). For more information call 800-233-8990.
What is stabilizer?
Stabilizer (sometimes called filler) is a finely ground mineral that is mixed into the asphalt.
Unstabilized asphalt is not a satisfactory bonding agent for shingles. It lacks body and does
not have the desired toughness or durability; it is susceptible to cracking and typically has a
shorter shingle life.
Too little stabilizer makes the shingle soft and gooey at first and allows it to scuff more
easily during hot weather application. Too much stabilizer in the mix can turn a shingle
hard and brittle, and dramatically shorten the life of the shingle. The balance between just
the right amount of stabilizer and too much or too little can be as little as 3% or 4%. Thats
why stabilizer technology and manufacturing process controls are critical to a shingles
performance.
How is the best stabilizer chosen?

There are several types of mineral stabilizers. The best ones have a consistent size range
when pulverized, thus permitting careful process control during shingle manufacturing.
Although several mineral/rock materials are used
in the industry to produce inexpensive stabilizers,
extensive testing and research by CertainTeed
demonstrates that pulverized limestone produces
the best results in terms of shingle performance.
Because of the uniformity of the particles it
produces when crushed and its compatibility with
asphalt, limestone, although often more costly, is
CertainTeeds choice.
CertainTeed continually
monitors stabilizer content,
maintaining a tight range to
ensure product quality.
Early shingle failure due to cracked asphalt a problem with some other brands can
be traced to substandard stabilizer made from granule fines recovered from the shingle
granule manufacturing process or other inadequate materials.
18

Since it is less expensive than asphalt, it is tempting to overload the asphalt with stabilizer.
But just as too much sand will harm the strength of concrete, too much stabilizer will
weaken the performance and durability of asphalt. The determination of just how much
stabilizer to use is one of the most important aspects of a shingle design specification.
Although we cannot reveal the exact formulation details of the CertainTeed asphalt
and stabilizer recipe, we can say that extensive investment in advanced laboratory test
equipment makes possible the precise control of the asphalt/stabilizer formula at each of our
plants. Equipment used in this control process includes Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
technology, which measure filler content by determining the relative number of hydrogen (H)
atoms in the filled coating; the laser particle size analyzer, which measures mineral particles
for size and size distribution within the asphalt; and several viscosity measuring instruments.
19
Section 4 Questions
4-1 Asphalts primary purpose in a shingle is to serve as a waterproofing agent.
A. True
B. False
4-2 Which of the following is NOT an asphalt property monitored when determining if it
meets performance requirements?
A. Durability
B. Softening point
C. Color
D. Flexibility
4-3 Coating asphalt is applied on the top and bottom of the shingle and the correct
formulation is critical.
A. True
B. False
4-4 Most building codes require ASTM D3462; therefore, it is especially important that
the shingles you choose comply with this performance standard.
A. True
B. False
4-5 Too little stabilizer makes a shingle soft and allows it to scuff more easily
during application.
A. True
B. False
4-6
The difference between too much stabilizer and too little can be as little as 3% - 4%.
A. True
B. False
4-7 CertainTeed uses pulverized sand as a stabilizer in shingles.

A. True
B. False
20
Section 5 Shingle Granules and Backsurfacing

What are shingle granules?
Granules are fine-grain, opaque, crushed rock particles that have been colored by a ceramic
coating. The best granules are consistent in size, have a highly stable coloration and do not
allow light to pass through them.
Although the best granule colors will not fade, they can appear to change color over
time. This occurs for several reasons. First, granules are delivered to the factory with a light,
protective treatment. The surface treatment is applied to reduce dusting in our factories and
to promote adhesion between the granules and the asphalt. One side effect of the light protective treatment is that it acts to make colors richer and darker, just like oil polish on wood
furniture or wax polish on car finishes. But this treatment rapidly weathers off. It changes the
reflective characteristics of the granules on the shingle and may be perceived as a slight
change in color. Color shifts are also caused by gradual dirt buildup, which mutes or dulls the
color.
What is the function of the shingle granule?

A main function of granules is to block ultraviolet (UV) light from reaching the
asphalt in the shingle. UV rays, if allowed to reach unprotected asphalt, will age the
asphalt prematurely. Quartz, for example, would not make good shingle granules because
the UV light shines through it.
Granules serve two

main purposes. They
block UV rays and add
color to the shingle.
Another major purpose of granules is to color the

shingle, providing aesthetic appeal. Some shingle
colors are simply a blend of two or three differentcolored granules. Others are highly complex blends
that involve five colors. In some CertainTeed shingles,
unique overlay manufacturing techniques can add even
more distinct areas of contrasting colors to further
enhance the appearance on the roof.
CertainTeed was the first to develop a patented

technology that produces solar reflective granules with deep and vibrant color blends.
CertainTeed Landmark Solaris shingles have advanced granules that reflect solar energy
and radiate heat much more than traditional shingles.
CertainTeeds Certa-Blender technology is considered the most advanced in the industry
when it comes to producing complex color patterns, and has been patented for many of
CertainTeeds shingles. CertainTeed developed a new patented technology that allows
sharp color to be applied to each shingle tab individually. This color application system is
used to create Highland Slate, which replicates the true look of blended slate with precise
accuracy. Also, CertainTeed was the first to develop a patented technology that produces
solar reflective granules with deep and vibrant color blends.
Why arent single- or uniform-color shingles more common?

Shingles using granules of just one color, unmixed with other colors, are not widely available,
except in white, because technically its almost impossible to consistently achieve an
21

aesthetically uniform color appearance. This is due to the variations in light reflecting from
the surface of granules that point at so many different angles and directions. These angle
variations are the result of the manufacturing process. They are impossible to totally avoid
and are especially noticeable in darker colors.
To make the visual effect of the granule reflectance more pleasing, several granule colors are
usually blended together. In this way, the various colors are enhanced by the variable reflections
from the different granules and the blended colors actually become richer to the eye.
Does the color of the shingle have an effect on roof temperature?

Yes. In fact, the temperature on the surface of a roof with light-colored shingles, compared
to one with dark-colored shingles, can vary by as much as 50F. CertainTeeds Solaris
shingles, available in a variety of colors, can reduce the roofs surface temperature by as
much as 30F in the summer.
Attic temperature is less affected if proper ventilation is in place. If the heat conducted
through the roof deck is forced up and out of the attic, the temperature can be reduced by
as much as 20 degrees. In addition, there will be less effect on living space heat load if the
proper amount of ceiling insulation is used.
What can be done about algae stains on shingles?

When moisture is present for a long period of time, algae can grow on shingles. Although
the algae has no proven effect on shingle life, it does stain or discolor the shingle.
Commonly (and incorrectly) called fungus, this algae staining can be unattractive. The
incidence of algae-caused stains can be dramatically reduced by the use of special coppercontaining granules.
Copper-containing granules are
mixed with colored granules
during the manufacturing
process. The effect is to produce
a cuprous oxide wash, which
is dispersed by rain or other
moisture. The wash inhibits
growth of blue-green algae and
the resulting stains.
Copper Granules
Ceramic coating
Copper layer
Mineral core
To be effective, this method for

attaining algae stain resistance
requires that adequate quantities
of copper-based granules be
properly dispersed throughout
the shingle. Algae-resistant shingles are sold by most manufacturers. Using the correct
minimum percentage of these granules is critical to the duration of the protection.
In the past there was a wide variation in the percentage used by different manufacturers,
which accounts for the early failure of the algae resistance on some shingles.
22

What about CertainTeeds algae resistance warranties?
If algae staining results on shingles covered by an algae-resistant warranty, most
manufacturers, including CertainTeed, have the option of cleaning or replacing the
contaminated shingles.
Do algae resistant shingles resist growth of moss?

Moss is the green spongy stuff that grows on the north side of trees and on the ground
in shaded, damp areas. In some areas, it also grows on roof shingles. Mosses reproduce
via airborne spores. If a roof is covered with moist organic matter or soil, and if there are
minerals and fixed nitrogen present in the dirt on the roof, mosses can grow from the spores
carried there. Clean roofs resist moss growth. Keeping moss and lichens in check is more
difficult than controlling algae. Cleaning with special formulations can help, but prevention is
the best method. Keep the roof clear of debris, such as leaves and pine needles, and keep
tree limbs cut back from the roof.
But even when dirt is present on the roof, it is possible that the copper used in most algaeresistant shingles today will prevent moss development in its early stages. 3M, a supplier
of pigmented copper granules used to prevent algae, believes these granules will also be
effective against moss:
One may expect copper to kill mosses given the appropriate concentrationAt early stages of
growth (protonema), during or soon after germination, while the moss has not yet produced an
upright plant, it should be possible to inhibit or kill them. (3M Product Bulletin).
However, note that moss resistance is not a warranted feature of algae-resistant shingles.
Until the theory has been proven in practice, dont make any promises.
What if shingles are stained by algae?

The appearance of a shingle roof is important to a buyer, and algae staining can cause
problems to customer satisfaction. If shingles arent algae-resistant, it may be possible to at
least lighten the discoloration with the use of an algicidal treatment. CertainTeed suggests
using Safers Moss and Algae Cleaner, Shingle Shield Roof and Deck Cleaner or a mixture
of one part laundry bleach and three parts water, with a pinch of trisodium phosphate
(known as TSP, available in hardware stores). When using a bleach solution be sure to
cover and protect all of the plants and shrubbery in the vicinity. Keep in mind that most of
the solution will be running down the rain spout. Extreme care should also be taken when
cleaning shingles. Use a soft-bristled brush and gently clean the shingles so as not to loosen
or remove the granules. A word of caution: The cleaning solution will make the roof surface
slippery and hazardous to walk on during treatment.
Other cleanup problems

Generally, cleaning shingles discolored by rust, cement, or paint is a difficult task. It is usually
best to replace the damaged shingles. Rust stains may be reduced by using a diluted water
solution of oxalic acid. But, just as with bleach, always remember to protect the plants in
the area from the acid solution. Let it sit for a few minutes and then rinse off with plenty of
water. Never try to remove cement or mortar from shingles with muriatic acid.
23

Descriptively named after its color, Tobacco Juice is a dry residue that may accumulate on
roofs and walls under certain weather conditions. On steep slopes, this water-borne residue
may trickle down the roof and stain surfaces that are not properly protected by gutters or
rain-diverters. Light-colored shingle roofs may also become discolored. On flat roofs, it
usually occurs where puddles form and then dry up. This Tobacco-Juicing phenomenon is
usually limited to the Southwest region of the United States.
The Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association (ARMA) explains Tobacco-Juicing as being
the normal result of the weathering of all asphalt-based productsregardless of their
manufacturer. The residue will not affect the performance of the roof and should not be
considered a performance problem.1 The conditions necessary for Tobacco-Juicing are: 1)
intensive sun exposure, 2) heavy collection of night moisture, and 3) prolonged lack of rain.
Typically, all three conditions must exist. Tobacco-Juicing generally occurs only during the
first weathering cycle of the roof, rarely appearing after the first year or rainy season.
Industry research has failed to find any ingredient or procedure that would eliminate the
occurrence of Tobacco-Juicing. Although the residue formation cannot be prevented, gently
hosing down the roof at regular intervals during long, dry periods of the roofs first summer
after installation and installing gutters or rain-diverters can minimize the discoloration
associated with Tobacco-Juicing.
Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association Technical Bulletin: Water Soluble Residue from
Asphalt Roofing Products (Tobacco-Juicing), ARMA, November 1994.
What is shingle backsurfacing?

Shingle backsurfacing is usually a fine mineral material applied to the back of
the shingle after the asphalt is applied. It permits the asphalt shingles to be processed
through the fabrication line and stacked without sticking to the machinery, or to each other
in storage.
Sand, limestone and slag fines are commonly used as backsurfacing materials.
Will the backsurfacing material affect the weight of the shingle?

Yes. A dense, coarse backsurfacing material, with minerals so large they approach granule
size, is found on some heavyweight shingles and contributes a substantial part of the weight.
Customers can be badly misled if a coarse, heavy backsurfacing is used. Bear in mind,
that although backsurfacing adds weight and thickness, it doesnt add to the
strength of the shingle.
24
Section 5 Questions
5-1 Which of the following is a function of a shingle granule?
A. Color the shingle
B. Block ultraviolet light
C. A and B
D. None of the above
5-2
Shingle release tape must be removed prior to shingle installation.
A. True
B. False
5-3 CertainTeed uses copper granules in its algae-resistant shingles.

A. True
B. False
5-4 It is not possible to use a bleach solution to clean an algae-stained roof.
A. True
B. False
5-5 Its possible that the copper used in algae-resistant shingles will prevent
moss development.
A. True
B. False
5-6 Backsurfacing adds to the strength of a shingle.
A. True
B. False
25
Section 6 Shingle Design

How does shingle design affect roof system quality?
Shingle roofs are designed to provide an attractive appearance while shedding water. The
shingle itself must be water resistant, and the system of shingles attached to the roof must
prevent water from penetrating all the shingle layers. Risk of water penetration comes
from normal weather conditions, such as wind-driven rain and ice dam formations. The risk
increases as the roof slope decreases. Water runs off more slowly from lower slopes, and
the longer the water is on the roof the more opportunity it has to find a way beneath the
shingles and into the house.
Slopes: Slopes below 4/12 have been found to be more susceptible to water penetration.
Therefore, manufacturers require special shingle underlayment systems for roofs with lower
slopes.
Slopes beneath 2/12 cannot be depended upon to shed water predictably or quickly.
Standing water can damage the shingles over time. Therefore no shingle design or system
is approved for slopes below 2/12, under any conditions.
Wind: Risk of water penetration is greatly increased if high winds can lift the shingle during
rainstorms. Such risk is reduced when additional layers are added to the roof as a result
of the shingle design. Various design features contribute to wind resistance. These include
sealant stripes that, once sealed, prevent the shingle from lifting in the wind. Advances in
sealant formulation have enabled manufacturers to produce shingles that can withstand
extreme winds. All of CertainTeeds top-of-the-line shingles carry up to a 130 mph wind
warranty.
Coverage: Standard three-tab shingles provides double coverage. CertainTeed also offers
a selection of shingles that produce four- and five-layer coverage. Carriage House offers
virtually four-ply coverage, and the remarkable Grand Manor product puts an average of
five layers of shingles on the roof.
Fastening: Improper fastening of shingles is perhaps the single most frequent reason for
shingle system failure. Three common mistakes are high-nailing, using too few fasteners
and angled or slanted fastening. Incorrect
fastener placement very often results in
unsealed, loose shingles, reduced resistance
Improper fastening of shingles
to wind blow-offs, shingle puncture,
is perhaps the single most
fish-mouthing or shingle slippage.
frequent reason for shingle
system failure. Three common

mistakes are high-nailing,
using too few fasteners, and
angled or slanted fastening.
CertainTeed Landmark laminated

shingles have a wider nailing area to aid
in proper fastening. This feature is called
NailTrack. The wider nailing zone 1"
versus the standard " makes it easier
for contractors to apply shingles correctly
and avoid misapplied fasteners. In addition
to the wider nailing area, NailTrack
26

shingles feature specially formulated Quadra-Bond
adhesive for extra strength and durability to hold the
two-piece laminated shingles together. In addition, the
sealant stripes are placed on the back of the shingle,
eliminating the hassle of nail guns getting gummed up.
Its critical to follow manufacturers fastening
instructions for each shingle. Failure to do so can not
only result in shingle damage and blow-offs, but can
also void the warranty.
Styles: CertainTeed offers a variety of distinctly
different shingle designs: The first style is a single layer
strip shingle. The second style is commonly referred
to as an architectural or a laminated shingle. These
shingles have a dragon-tooth design that uses a top
shingle with teeth cut away to produce a dimensional
pattern on the roof. The cut-away teeth are backed
by a half-shingle piece that provides an overlap of 1"
or so, glued together with an adhesive that also acts
as protection against water back-up. In addition, there
are three styles that are unique to CertainTeed: The
first uses individual tabs applied to the top of a fullsized base shingle to produce a dimensional pattern
on the roof, such as the Independence shingle. The
second CertainTeed exclusive style, shingles such as
Carriage House and Grand Manor, use two full-size
base shingles combined into each shingle and may
also have an additional laminate portion. The third
CertainTeed exclusive style, both Presidential TL
and Landmark TL are constructed using tri-laminate
technology and are made of two base layers plus a top
layer of materials that give a roof tremendous depth
compared to typical laminated shingles.
Impact Resistant: Several manufacturers make
impact resistant shingles that meet the UL 2218 Class
4 standard. Some are using APP or SBS rubber
modified asphalt coating to meet this standard.
Depending on the specific shingle product, CertainTeed
uses either a non-woven polyester mat or a tough fiber
glass scrim on the back of the shingle, and these
shingles meet the standard for UL 2218 Class 4 Impact
Resistance. Some insurance companies offer premium
discounts for the use of UL 2218 Class 4 products.
Inform your customers of this, and advise them to
check with their insurance company.
27
Dragon-Tooth Style
Shangle Style
Super Shangle Style
Super Shake Style

Solar Reflectance: Although other manufacturers make solar reflective shingles,
CertainTeed was the first to develop a patented technology that produces solar reflective
shingles with deep and vibrant color blends instead of the typical washed out appearance.
In addition, CertainTeed developed innovative, patented technology to create granules
with exceptionally high solar reflectance (SR) values. CertainTeed is the first and only
manufacturer to offer shingles with reflectance values of SR40! Typical solar reflective
shingles are SR25 or above.
CertainTeeds Solaris, Solaris Gold, and Solaris Platinum shingles utilize advancedtechnology granules to reflect and reradiate infrared solar energy to a much greater extent
than traditional shingles. Using cool roof technology, The Solaris family of shingles can
reduce the roofs surface temperature by as much as 50F in the summer compared to
standard dark shingles and up to 30F compared to similarly colored shingles.
Release Tape Codes: To track manufacturing information on individual shingles,
CertainTeed imprints coded information on the polyester release tape on each shingle. For
this reason, the release tape should NOT be removed at any time. The code cannot be
interpreted by the trade, but for quality assurance purposes the producing plant can use it to
determine the date and conditions of manufacture.
What is the purpose of the release tape?

The purpose of release tape is to protect the shingles sealant during storage, so the sealant
will perform properly in service. This is critical to the shingles sealing performance and wind
blow off resistance.
Dimensions: Three-tab alignment may cause rework for the installer. Consistent shingle
size is very important to your profit margin! Only CertainTeed specifies that its strip shingles
will be within 1/16" of the specified size. All other producers permit size variations of 1/8" or
1/4" per shingle.
Laminated shingles are an exception to this rule, mainly because they do not have cutouts
that must be aligned. Due to the limitations imposed by the lamination process, the
dimension variance target is +/- 1/4", which is common to most manufacturers.
28
Section 6 Questions
6-1 The higher the slope of the roof, the more risk of water penetration from
wind-driven rain.
A. True
B. False
6-2 Shingles can be applied to slopes below 2/12 if special underlayments are used.
A. True
B. False
6-3 CertainTeeds NailTrack feature on its Landmark shingles increases the nailing
zone to 112".
A. True
B. False
6-4 CertainTeed was the first to develop and market asphalt based shingles with
a solar reflectance of SR40.
A. True
B. False
6-5 CertainTeed was the first to develop solar reflective shingles that feature
deep vibrant color blends.
A. True
B. False
6-6 CertainTeed allows its strip shingles dimensions to vary by no more than 14".
A. True
B. False
6-7 The release tape on a shingle should always be removed.
A. True
B. False
29
Section 7 Warranty
Workmanship vs. manufacturing defects
The manufacturers warranty is typically limited to defects in the product that result from
the manufacturing process. It is not a negotiable instrument. The manufacturer does not
allow the contractor or salesperson to act as his agent to make any changes in the printed
document. The contractors warranty is about the workmanship and services he provides.
It is an instrument embodied by the job agreement or contract. Terms of the contractors
warranty can sometimes be changed as a result of negotiation between the parties.
Often it is the owner/contractor himself making the presentation. Therefore it is very
important that the difference between the job contract, which typically includes
the workmanship warranty, and the manufacturers warranty is well understood
by the contractor and explained to the homeowner. Most homeowners do not understand
that there are, in fact, two types of warranty protection. The CertainTeed brochure
Understanding Warranties is available to help homeowners understand these
issues. In this section, we will discuss only the manufacturers warranty against defects in
manufacturing.
How long should a warranty last?

CertainTeed believes that warranties serve the customer best when they protect the most
during the early years the shingles are in place when any defects in manufacturing are
most likely to be discovered and when such defects cause the greatest inconvenience to
the customer. For this reason, CertainTeed developed SureStart protection (see What is
SureStart Protection? later in this section).
Most warranties prorate to zero value at the end of the warranted life of the shingle. The
exception is the CertainTeed lifetime limited warranty which prorates to a minimum of 20
percent of the material replacement cost for the original owner. Thus, while a $10,000
replacement-value project in year 38 of a 40-year warranty would be worth $500, the lifetime
warranty would be worth $2,500. In year 41, the typical 40-year warranty would provide no
reimbursement to the homeowner, but the lifetime warranty would still be worth $2,000.
Is shingle color warranted?

CertainTeed warrants against color variation from bundle to bundle as a manufacturing
defect when the bundles are produced by the same plant and are identified with the same
color number printed on the end of the bundles.
CertainTeeds warranty against manufacturing defects will not apply in the case of shingles
that vary in color from printed representations or shingle sample devices.
What about stains and shading?

A common cause of staining is transfer of asphalt oils and backsurfacings to the face
of a shingle from the back of the shingle above it in a bundle. This potential problem is
covered by the warranty. However, most stains are temporary. CertainTeed will normally
ask that at least 180 days be allowed for weathering before considering a claim. This
30
Section 7 Warranty
request and validation of the actual date of claim will be put in writing if requested, providing
assurance that the claim will remain valid should the stain not weather-out.
Stains caused by algae are included in the warranty of all CertainTeed algaeresistant products. The duration of this algae-resistance warranty protection is determined
by the warranty language current at the time of installation. CertainTeeds algae resistance
is warranted for up to 15 years depending on the product.
Shading, caused by differences in micro shadows on portions of the roof, varies by
sun angles across the embedded granules. Most manufacturers warranties do not
cover shading. However, since 1993, CertainTeed has included shading as a
manufacturing defect.
Is deck movement or failure warranted?

Any damage or visual distortion of the shingles caused by decking movement or
deterioration is excluded from CertainTeed warranties. Consult the CertainTeed Shingle
Applicators Manual for more details about acceptable and unacceptable roof decks. (See
also Buckling caused by movement of dimensional lumber sheathing and Other causes of
buckling later in this section.)
What about telegraphing?

This term refers to distortions caused on the surface of a shingle by an uneven surface
below. It can be caused by wrinkled shingle underlayment, deck movement, poorly prepared
first-layer shingles under roof-over applications and so on. Telegraphing is excluded from
warranty coverage.
What about damage caused by the wind?

Wind warranty coverage varies by specific product. CertainTeed shingles are warranted
to remain in place, undamaged, whether or not the sealant adheres, in winds ranging
from 60 to 130 mph for up to 15 years after application (depending on the shingle) when
CertainTeed-approved installation methods have been followed.
What about shingles that are out of dimension?

CertainTeed assures that its strip shingles, will be within 116" of the nominal dimensions.
CertainTeed laminated shingles have a dimensional tolerance of 14", meeting normal
industry standards for this type of shingle.
What is SureStart protection?

SureStart protection is designed to give the customer maximum protection during the early
years following application. The SureStart period of the warranty varies by product from
the first three to the first ten years following application. SureStart protection provides full
replacement cost on labor and materials if a manufacturing defect is discovered during the
SureStart period. This means there will be no prorating of the CertainTeed liability during the
SureStart period. (See actual warranty for details.)
31
Section 7 Warranty
What is SureStart PLUS protection?
SureStart PLUS extends the SureStart protection period up to a maximum of 50 years
depending on the product. Only CertainTeed credentialed companies can offer SureStart
PLUS, and the roof must be installed to meet the Integrity Roof System standards.
Transfers during the SureStart protection period

The warranty and the remaining SureStart protection may be transferred to a new property
owner by the original purchaser for all CertainTeed shingle products during the SureStart
period. CertainTeed must be notified in writing within 60 days of the transfer.
Transfers for lifetime warranted products

Products that carry a lifetime warranty present a different transfer case, and varies by
specific product. If the warranty is transferred during its SureStart protection period, the
transferred warranty, with the remaining SureStart duration, is no longer for the lifetime of
the (new) homeowner but, rather, to the end of 40 or 50 years depending on the product
from the original installation.
Transfers outside the SureStart protection period

All CertainTeed shingle products transferred from the original owner to a new owner not
covered by SureStart protection at the time of transfer will be covered by standard warranty
terms for two years after the real estate transfer, after which coverage will terminate.
As is the case for all transfers, no transfer after the first transfer by the original purchaser is
permitted.
What about underlayment?

Standard shingle underlayment is not warranted by the manufacturer against defects in
manufacturing. Some shingle warranties are conditional upon the use of underlayment.
CertainTeed does not make this limitation on standard roof slopes over 4/12. The use
of WinterGuard or an equivalent is required on slopes from 2/12 to 4/12, though, and
CertainTeed does strongly recommend the use of underlayment on all slopes to dry-in an
exposed wood deck and to comply with Underwriters Laboratories requirements.
Most UL tests for shingle system fire resistance include UL classified shingle underlayment.
Its use is often required for the UL classified fire rating label to remain valid for the shingle
system. To understand the effect of the absence or presence of underlayment on UL fire
resistance ratings, study these three rules from UL:
1. Class A shingles applied directly (without underlayment) over plywood deck at least
15
32" thick, or non-veneer deck at least 12" thick (actual, not nominal, thickness), will have
a class A fire rating.
2. Class A shingles applied directly (without underlayment) over plywood (or non-veneer)
at least 38" thick, but less than 1532" thick (or less than 12" for non-veneer), will have their fire
rating reduced to class C.
32
Section 7 Warranty
3. Class C shingles applied directly (without underlayment) over plywood (or non-veneer)
at least 38" thick or directly over wood boards at least 34 thick (actual, not nominal,
thickness) will have a class C fire rating.
Per rule #2, if you apply fiber glass shingles without underlayment on plywood less than
15
32" or non-veneer decks less than 12", the roof system loses its UL class A fire resistance
rating.
Waterproofing shingle underlayments do not, in many cases, carry a warranty. Some carry
warranties for five years. WinterGuard is warranted to be free from manufacturing defects
and remain watertight, wherever it is applied, for the duration of the warranted life of the
roofing material applied over it, up to 50 years. WinterGuard carries SureStart protection
for five years. In case of failure, remedy includes the roofing materials installed over
WinterGuard. (See actual warranty for details.)
What about ventilation and roof decks?

Research at the University of Illinois has added to our knowledge of what happens in attics.
We have confirmed that a properly ventilated airspace has better air movement and, under
most conditions, has a lower moisture content than improperly vented attic airspace.
All shingle warranties have historically required that the space beneath the roof deck receive
adequate treatment, such as ventilation and/or vapor retarders, to prevent excess heat and
moisture buildup. This is because heat can shorten shingle life and moisture can cause
sheathing movement and/or deterioration and ultimately might affect the performance or
appearance of the shingles.
What about buckling?

Buckling caused by deck movement
Buckled shingles caused by roof deck or dimensional lumber sheathing movement are not
covered by the warranty. When a shingle buckles, it has deformed under external stress.
In the winter, a buckled shingle will be evident by its raised butt edge, unless the sealant
holds tight. In the summer, the buckle will tend to show as a hump in the middle of the
weather tab. The same look would result in the winter if sealant holds the butt in place.
Other causes of buckling

Buckles can also be caused by wrinkled felt underlayment and improperly fastened roof
decking.
Research carried out by both the National Roofing Contractors Association and the
Asphalt Manufacturers Association suggests that there is no standard organic shingle
underlayment manufactured today, including those that meet ASTM specifications, that
will not wrinkle. These wrinkles can telegraph through shingles applied above to show as
buckling. Most underlayment wrinkles will disappear if the underlayment is allowed to dry.
The buckles will usually disappear as well. No manufacturer warrants standard organic
33
Section 7 Warranty
shingle underlayment against wrinkling nor its shingles against wrinkles caused by the
underlayment.
Inorganic underlayments and hybrid organic underlayments can reduce or eliminate the
wrinkling that has caused so many problems. Of course, underlayment, in addition to being
wrinkle-resistant, must also be water-resistant, provide a safe slide-resistant surface to work
on and be strong enough to hold in place under foot traffic.
By definition, a buckled shingle

is not a shingle defect, but
rather a problem caused by
CertainTeeds Roofers Select and Diamond

Deck underlayments meet these conditions.
Both products lay flat, are extremely wrinkleresistant, and dont tear away from fasteners
when walked on or in strong wind.
forces outside the shingle.
Nails or staples can back out of roof

decks, pushing up shingles to give the
always caused by wood
appearance of buckles. The exact cause of
the nail movement is often a mystery. One
movement under the shingle.
known cause is nails that are not driven all
the way through the plywood or non-veneer
roof deck. Very high and/or variable interior
humidity leading to a ratcheting-out of the
fastener is thought to be another mechanism. In any case, the cause is not the shingle but
rather it is related to the application process or the roof deck.
Those forces are almost
Roof decking applied butted tightly together, especially when not allowed to take on
local humidity levels before application, can swell at the edges, causing ridges at the deck
joints that will buckle the shingles above. Properly nailed roof decking will allow a 18 joint
space on all sides. However, it is possible that, when extremely dry boards are applied and
roofed quickly, they will expand to fill the 18 space and buckle the shingles. This problem
has been observed for years and seems to be especially prevalent with Oriented Strand
Board panels, which are heated during manufacture, making them extremely dry. It may
help to sticker the panels and let them equilibrate by picking up some moisture before
installing them.
Buckles can be caused by loose decking. Occasionally decking or sheathing is not fastened down in the recommended manner. Too few nails are used or the nails are not properly
spaced. The result can be deck movement that causes buckles.
De-laminated plywood will cause buckles. Plywood can de-laminate if it is defective or
when it has been saturated with moisture, either from condensation or from the outside by
rain, snow or ice over a long period of time.
Leaks caused by ice dams: not covered by shingle warranty

The typical ice dam is a buildup of ice that forms near the eaves or gutters as the result of
interior heat escaping into the attic and through the roof decking. The heat melts the snow
and ice on the upper areas of the roof, resulting in meltwater. This melted water runs down
34
Section 7 Warranty
to cold, lower areas or eaves and, depending on conditions, can refreeze. Leaks occur if the
water finds its way under the shingles or behind fascias or cornices.
Needless to say, such leaks are not caused by a shingle failure or defect. Neither are
they due to misapplication of the shingles. Thus, the leak is covered neither by the
manufacturers warranty nor by the contractors workmanship warranty.
A well-insulated attic with an effective barrier to air and vapor movement can reduce or
eliminate the escape of warm interior air. Similarly, ventilation can keep the escaped heat
from warming the deck, thereby reducing the chances of an ice dam forming. However,
melting will also occur when outside air temperatures increase or bright sun causes
radiant heating. If, following such a thaw, the temperature drops when the sun goes down,
refreezing will occur. A dam of ice may form at the eaves. The next melt will be blocked
from running off the roof by the ice buildup. Now the dammed water can find its way into the
building.
In short, the causes of ice dams are many and complex. The likelihood that one will form is
both unpredictable and highly weather-dependent. Many areas of the country will experience
the right conditions to cause the phenomenon as seldom as every ten years, or even less
often. Waterproofing shingle underlayment (WinterGuard) is one of several strategies to
prevent water backup leaks. The others are proper ventilation and sufficient insulation. Of the
three, use of WinterGuard waterproofing shingle underlayment is the only warranted
remedy.
35
Section 7 Questions
7-1 CertainTeed includes shading as a manufacturing defect.
A. True
B. False
7-2 Which of the following is NOT covered by the manufacturers warranty?
A. Telegraphing
B. Staining caused by transfer of asphalt oils and backsurfacing
C. Color variation from bundle to bundle
D. Shading
7-3 During the SureStart period, the manufacturers warranty and any remaining
SureStart protection may be transferred to a new homeowner.
A. True
B. False
7-4 Which of the following can cause buckling?
A. Nails backing out of the roof deck
B. Wrinkled felt underlayment
C. De-laminated plywood
D. All of the above
7-5 Leaks caused by ice dams are covered by:
A. The manufacturers warranty
B. The contractors workmanship warranty
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
7-6 WinterGuard is the only warranted remedy to protect against ice dam leaks.
A. True
B. False
36
Section 8 Packaging
How important is packaging?
Packaging is commonly overlooked as an important resource for both the contractor and the
homeowner. Shingle packaging is designed to make the contractors job easier by making
the bundle more convenient to carry and transport. Packaging also provides easy-tounderstand instructions about how to install that particular shingle product.
Whats the most important information on a shingle wrapper?

Color Name and Number. The various shingle color names tend to remain unchanged
over time, but color code numbers (color numbers) change when certain product
components change enough to affect the finished roof appearance. Both the color name
and the color code are found on each CertainTeed shingle wrapper. In order to ensure
proper visual appearance of the finished roof, color code numbers must be the same for all
shingle bundles used on the same roof. Over 20 years ago, CertainTeed discontinued the
use of date and shift codes on its shingle bundles having encoded sealant release tapes.
CertainTeed no longer requires identical date codes on bundles to be applied on a project.
Precise blend consistency from run to run makes this unnecessary.
Do Not Mix Labels. A Do Not Mix label is applied or printed on the shingle wrappers
whenever there is a change in a shingle component (e.g., change of a color granule source)
or property (e.g., dimensional revision) that might significantly affect the appearance of a
finished roof if mixed with shingles manufactured under previous specifications. This warning
continues for a period of time estimated to be sufficient to exhaust the inventory of previous
specification stock in suppliers warehouses.
Application Instructions. The installation instructions found on the shingle wrapper are
the latest that pertain to the application of the packaged shingle at the time of manufacture.
Although instructions are similar for many different shingles, important differences occur in
nailing patterns, application sequences and patterns. Easy-to-read application instructions
are found on all CertainTeed shingle bundle wrappers.
Most warranties require that the installation instructions current at the time of installation
be used during application for the warranty to be effective. Contractors are responsible for
being expert on the current application instructions for every shingle applied.
UL Labels. The presence of the UL logo and a fire, wind, impact resistance, or other
compliance designation indicates that UL has determined that the product has been
manufactured to comply with UL requirements through 1) routine UL follow-up inspections at
the manufacturing plant; 2) UL obtaining random samples of product; and 3) testing of the
samples at UL facilities.
37
Section 8 Packaging
Compliance to ASTM and Other Standards. Having a third-party laboratory providing
proof of compliance demonstrates that the manufacturer designs and tests its product
to ensure that it complies with the requirements of the standards established by ASTM.
ASTM does not certify, inspect, or test
for any compliance. This means that the
UNDERWRITERS
ASTM designation on a wrapper is not a
U L LABORATORIES INC.
guarantee of compliance with the standard.
LISTED
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) performs
PREPARED ROOFING MATERIAL
periodic compliance testing and Classifies
SHINGLES CLASS A
CertainTeeds fiber glass shingles that
DEGREE OF RESISTANCE TO EXTERNAL FIRE
AND FLAMMABILITY LIMITS
meet ASTM Standards. This Classification
IN ACCORDANCE WITH UL STANDARD 790
is included inside (not just outside) the UL
DEGREE OF WIND RESISTANCE
imprint along with the applicable fire, wind
IN ACCORDANCE WITH UL STANDARD 997
WHEN APPLIED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
and impact resistance ratings. If the ASTM
INSTRUCTIONS INCLUDED WITH THIS ROOFING
rating is not listed inside the UL box, then
CLASSIFIED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D3462,
the product has not been UL certified for that
INCLUDING TEAR RESISTANCE
R-684
ISSUE NO.
particular standard.
38
Section 8 Questions
8-1 The color code printed on the shingle wrapper must be the same for all shingles
used on the same roof.
A. True
B. False
8-2 CertainTeed requires identical date codes on shingles applied to the same roof.
A. True
B. False
8-3 If a shingle wrapper has an ASTM designation, it does not mean that the product
has been certified and inspected for that particular compliance.
A. True
B. False
8-4 If the ASTM D3462 classification is below the UL imprint, you cant be sure that the
shingle meets that standard.
A. True
B. False
8-5 Do not mix labels cannot be ignored since the shingles appearance will
be affected.
A. True
B. False
39
Section 9 Testing and Quality Assurance

Predicting Performance
In the preceding sections we discussed manufacturers warranties, asphalt shingle
construction and the components of a fiber glass asphalt shingle in great detail. These
elements come together to shape the quality of a shingle product: its level of value, appeal
and performance. The raw material and finished product testing programs are critically
important to ensure the quality of the finished shingles.
Raw Materials Quality

Each raw material must be tested carefully to insure performance of a properly
manufactured shingle. CertainTeed works closely with each raw material supplier to develop
specifications that ensure top quality and consistency, from day to day, week to week and
year to year. Raw material testing takes place at three levels. First, potential raw materials
are screened by R&D to determine if they will perform to produce a product that matches
the demand of the marketplace. Second, these raw materials are tested during the
supplier selection process for compliance with CertainTeed performance criteria. Finally,
they are evaluated when theyre delivered to the plant to assure that each batch meets our
requirements.
Finished Product Quality

Finished product testing begins during the manufacturing process. Component materials
are under constant scrutiny by manual, visual and electronic means as they are assembled
on the production line to form the finished shingle. Computer-controlled evaluation systems
adjust mixes, line speeds and other process variables to assure optimal finished quality. The
level of automation and the high quality of CertainTeed production teams and management
are remarkable in the industry.
The second level of evaluation occurs in the marketplace. Are the shingles consistently
the right size? Do the colors match from run to run? Do the shingles resist wind force even
when not sealed? Does the sealant perform as promised? If problems arise, our customers
can expect a speedy response which may include a visit from a territory manager or
technical service representative.
The third level is finished product testing and evaluation that takes place during periodic
in-house audits of our own products as well as those of competitors. The product lines
tested vary from audit to audit.
When conducting a market audit of quality, all shingle bundles CertainTeeds and those of
competitors are purchased on the open market. We test several bundles of each product
in different colors and spanning several months of production. Having done this testing for
many years, CertainTeed is able to rank the products based on several key quality aspects.
What do we test?
Tear Strength. ASTM developed a test that measures the force, in grams, required to tear
a shingle using the Elmendorf tear tester. The minimum tear strength for fiber glass shingles
required by ASTM D3462 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles made from Glass
40
Section 9 Testing and Quality Assurance

Mat and Surfaced with Mineral Granules is 1,700 grams of force, measured at the time of
manufacture.
Shingles that dont meet the tear strength requirements of ASTM D3462 are more likely to
be damaged in routine handling and installation and have a greater tendency to blow off in
high winds or crack under roof system stress. Shingle products with values of 1,300 grams
or less are most prone to severe blow-off and cracking problems. (Note: A difference of 220
grams or less between any two products is within normal product and test result variation.)
Nail Pull Resistance. This is measured at 30F and represents the force in pounds
required to pull a roofing nail head completely through a shingle. This is a direct measure
of the ability of an unsealed shingle to resist blow-off during cold weather (when brittleness
can be more of a problem). This
test was originally developed by
CertainTeed and was accepted as
Finished product evaluation is also
an ASTM performance requirement.
carried out by independent testing
Although ASTM requires shingles
to resist 23 lb. of force at 30F,
laboratories. Underwriters Laboratories
all CertainTeed shingles are
will certify product compliance with
manufactured to resist no less than 30
ASTM testing standards. For example,
lb. of force.
UL certifies CertainTeed fiber glass-
Uplift Flexibility Index. The flexibility

based shingles comply with ASTM
of a shingle is tested by bending
D3462. This certification is printed on
it in the same direction the wind
CertainTeed shingle wrappers, inside
would bend up to an angle of 90
the ULbox.
degrees. We conduct this test at 30
F because it is during cold weather
when brittleness causes most
breakage. The combination of low
strength and high brittleness (low flexibility) makes for a very poor shingle. A value of 100
percent means that when the shingle is bent to 90 degrees it maintained all of its original
strength to resist bending. A value of zero percent means that the shingle broke before
reaching 90 degrees. These test results are most important when evaluating lighter weight
shingles. It is important to compare shingles within weight classes and to view the flex test
as accompanying the tear resistance and nail pull test results, rather than as a stand-alone
criterion.
41
Section 9 Questions
9-1 Raw materials are tested during the selection of potential suppliers to ensure they
comply with CertainTeeds performance criteria.
A. True
B. False
9-2 At what point does CertainTeed test shingle quality?
A. When the shingles are in the marketplace
B. During the manufacturing process
C. Periodic audits
D. All of the above
9-3 What is the name of the machine that tests tear strength?
A. Engineers scale
B. Tachymeter
C. Elmendorf
D. Rangefinder
9-4 Shingles with a tear strength of 1,000 grams of force may experience:
A. Blow-offs
B. Cracking
C. Leaking in the nail area
D. A and B
9-5 CertainTeed originally developed the nail pull resistance test now accepted by
ASTM as a performance requirement.
A. True
B. False
9-6 ASTM requires shingles to resist 23 lbs. of force in the nail pull resistance test at
30F CertainTeed requires its shingles to resist 30 lbs. of force.
A. True
B. False
9-7 When testing a shingles uplift flexibility index, a higher value means better
wind uplift resistance.
A. True
B. False
42
Section 10 Credentials to Set You Apart

How do credentials help differentiate you from competitors?
Lets think about selecting a re-roofing contractor from a homeowners perspective. Put
yourself in his or her place in the following scenario: You definitely need a new roof. You
dont know much about roofing but you want to hire a good contractor to do the job. So
you ask neighbors and friends if they know anyone in the trade. Perhaps you get the name
of a highly recommended contractor and decide to hire him without getting estimates from
other contractors. More likely, you contact three separate contractors for an estimate.
Now you are faced with the task of sorting through the proposals, deciphering the roofing
technical-speak and judging the best from the good and perhaps the not-so-good. All
three contractors seemed reputable and the proposals seem comparable, except one price
is a lot lower. You wonder whether or not the lower price is a bargain or a sign of trouble.
You are not comfortable with the selection process because there are many unknown
factors and this purchase is a big investment in dollars. You want to make the right choice;
however, its not always an easy decision. Like everyone else, you want the job done right,
but you dont want to be over-charged. Worse yet, you fear the horror of hiring the wrong
contractor. After weighing the different proposals, you pick a contractor based on a variety
of subjective and objective reasons that are important to you as an individual.
This scenario demonstrates what many homeowners are faced with. The importance of
differentiation now becomes more evident. Unless a contractor differentiates himself in
the eyes of the homeowner and presents compelling reasons why he is better than
the competition, the homeowner is left to his or her own decision-making process. If a
homeownerviews your company as comparable to the competition, why should he or she
hire you? And, why pay your higher price when the lower-priced contractor seemed just as
qualified? Credentials are one effective way to set yourself apart and prove your price is
justified.
Credentials that mean business

CertainTeed offers a variety of programs that support contractors we call it the
Contractors EDGE. These programs were created for professional roofing contractors who
want to get more out of their business. Think of them as reinforcement. Theyre all about
using the proper training, sales techniques and marketing tools to increase profitability.
Professionals use credentials to reinforce their reputation and take advantage of the many
benefits offered by the Contractors EDGE programs.
43
Section 10 Credentials to Set You Apart

Choose the credential program that is right for you
Different contractors have different business needs, so CertainTeed offers credential
programs to meet those needs. A contractors hard work should pay-off, and these proven
programs help make it happen. The Shingle Quality Specialist and the Master Shingle
Applicator qualifications allow contractors to demonstrate their trade knowledge and pave
the way to advanced credentials for their
business.
Credentials
Companies can earn the ShingleMaster

or SELECT ShingleMaster credentials
to market their company expertise to
customers.
How do you earn these

credentials and what benefits
do credential holders get?
First of all there are no costs, quotas
to hit or contracts to sign. CertainTeed
credentials are earned not sold.
These credentials are education-based.
CertainTeed wants to be a contractors
business partner, not his boss.
The many benefits include marketing
support materials, training tools, consumer
brochures, reference materials, product
literature, Roofers Rewards, and
SureStart PLUS extended warranties.
The specific requirements and benefits of each credential are fully explained in program
brochures that can be obtained from CertainTeed.
Shingle roofing to many outside the trade is a no-brainer profession. Even inside the trade,
too many roofers never advance beyond the no-brainer, low price level of knowledge.
Shingle Quality Specialists understand that professional-level shingle roofing is indeed
complex, and difficult. Use this knowledge to develop a presentation strategy to help your
prospects understand this and to understand you are a professional to be trusted. You can
take pride in your status as a Shingle Quality Specialist. But this knowledge will serve you
best and make more profit for you when you develop your own unique strategy to use during
the sales process.
44
Section 10 Questions
10-1 A contractor must differentiate himself from the competition in the eyes of the
homeowner credentials can help you do this.
A. True
B. False
10-2 The Shingle Quality Specialist and Master Shingle Applicator qualifications pave the
way to earning advanced company credentials.
A. True
B. False
10-3 There are no fees and quotas required for contractors to get into the CertainTeed
credential programs.
A. True
B. False
45

CertainTeed STM 10th Ed

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Ce r t a i nTe e d

Shingle Technology Manual

The dif wledge

An inside look at the Science of

Use trade knowledge and credentials to win more jobs.

Shingle Quality Specialist

Section 1 Excellence vs. Low Price

More than any other

This handbook reveals the details of the design and

Lets assume a contractor chooses to spend the

Section 1 Excellence vs. Low Price

Translate features to benefits

Contractor experience & workforce

Stops the leak

Finish the difficult task of contractor selection

Makes the house look better than new

Just like a custom remodel of a kitchen or bath,

Section 1 Excellence vs. Low Price

Section 1 Excellence vs. Low Price

Section 1 Excellence vs. Low Price

GBB Rules of Thumb

Good-Better-Best selling IS NOT:

Good-Better-Best Selling IS:

Simply offering a price on three

Presenting a menu of three choices of roof

Offering three brands of the same

Educating the buyer about the different

Section 2 Selling Styles

Over the years, we have asked thousands of roofers what

Section 2 Selling Styles

Section 2 Selling Styles

Section 2 Selling Styles

Section 3 Shingle Mat

What makes fiber glass mat different?

Section 4 Asphalt and Stabilizer

How do asphalts vary?

Asphalt arriving at a shingle

Whats the best asphalt?

Section 4 Asphalt and Stabilizer

What is coating asphalt?

To manufacture the best quality shingles, the asphalt components must

Why do some shingles scuff more easily than others?

Section 4 Asphalt and Stabilizer

How is the best stabilizer chosen?

Section 4 Asphalt and Stabilizer

4-7 CertainTeed uses pulverized sand as a stabilizer in shingles.

Section 5 Shingle Granules and Backsurfacing

What is the function of the shingle granule?

Granules serve two

Another major purpose of granules is to color the

CertainTeed was the first to develop a patented

Why arent single- or uniform-color shingles more common?

Section 5 Shingle Granules and Backsurfacing

Does the color of the shingle have an effect on roof temperature?

What can be done about algae stains on shingles?

To be effective, this method for

Section 5 Shingle Granules and Backsurfacing

Do algae resistant shingles resist growth of moss?

What if shingles are stained by algae?

Other cleanup problems

Section 5 Shingle Granules and Backsurfacing

What is shingle backsurfacing?

Will the backsurfacing material affect the weight of the shingle?

Simply offering a price on three

Presenting a menu of three choices of roof

Offering three brands of the same

Educating the buyer about the different

4-7 CertainTeed uses pulverized sand as a stabilizer in shingles.

5-3 CertainTeed uses copper granules in its algae-resistant shingles.