Grade 7 Science

Review Sheet: Cluster 2

Particle Theory of Matter
I. You should understand the following terms:
1. matter
4. gases
7. heterogeneous
10. solution
13. theory
16. solvent
19. insoluble
22. filtration
25. saturated solutions
28. solubility
31. temperature
34. chemical energy
37. Fahrenheit
40. melting
43. condensation
46. conduction

2. solids
5. properties
8. homogeneous
11. pure substance
14. particle theory of matter
17. dissolve
20. distillation
23. magnetism
26. unsaturated solution
29. dilute
32. heat energy
35. thermometer
38. Celsius
41. evaporation
44. sublimation
47. heat insulators

3. liquids
6. mixture
9. mechanical mixture
12. particle
15. solute
18. soluble
21. sieving
24. settling
27. concentrated
30. agitated
33. mechanical energy
36. degrees
39. thermal pollution
42. freezing
45. radiation
48. convection

II. You should be able to answer the following questions:

1. What is matter?
2. What are the three states of matter?
3. The characteristics that are used to describe matter are called what?
4. True or False: Every material has its own set of properties.
5. Name three properties of water.
6. Do different materials ever share some of the same properties?
7. What is formed when two or more substances are combined?
8. True or False: All materials can be described by a single set of properties.
9. True or False: In a mixture, each kind of matter keeps its own properties.
10. Mixtures that are made up of parts that keep their own properties are said to be
what?
11. Materials that have only one set of properties are called what?
12. Give an example of a heterogeneous mixture.
13. Give an example of a homogenous mixture.
14. A substance made of more than one kind of material, in which the different
materials can easily be identified is called what?
15. Why is soda water considered to be a mechanical mixture?
16. What is a solution?
17. True or False: All solutions are liquids.
18. A material that is composed of only one type of particle is called what?

19. Give an example of a pure substance.

20. True or False: Pure substances can be solids, liquids or gases.
21. When is a theory generally accepted by scientists?
22. The theory that scientists use to explain the properties of various mixtures and
substances is called what?
23. According to the particle theory of matter, all matter is made up of what?
24. According to the particle theory of matter, each pure substance has its own kind of
what?
25. True or False: Two different pure substances could contain particles that were
exactly the same.
26. What will eventually happen if drink powder is added to a jug of water and
stirred?
27. In a drink powder and water solution, which is the solute and which is the
solvent?
28. Any substance into which a solute may be dissolved is called what?
29. When a solute is completely mixed with a solvent, what is formed?
30. True or False: Particles have an attraction to each other.
31. True or False: Any solute, if stirred enough, can be dissolved in a solvent.
32. True or False: If two materials are combined in a mixture, they can never be
separated again.
33. List several methods of separating different components in a mixture.
34. True or False: There is no limit as to how concentrated a solution can become.
35. The limit to how concentrated a solution can become is called what?
36. What do you do to a solution when you weaken its strength by increasing the
amount of the solvent?
37. If you dilute a solution, it will make it more concentrated.
38. Name three factors that will affect the rate at which dissolving takes place.
39. Name three things you could do to help a sugar cube dissolve quicker in a cup of
coffee?
40. The relative measure of how hot or cold something is, measured on a scale is
called what?
41. What other forms of energy can be transformed into heat energy?
42. True or False: The sense of touch is always a reliable indicator of temperature.
43. Name something that is a more reliable indicator of temperature than the sense of
touch?
44. A device used to measure temperature is called what?
45. True or False: Thermometers have scales.
46. What unit of measure is used on thermometers?
47. What are the two most common scales used to measure temperature?
48. What are the freezing point and the boiling point of water on a Fahrenheit scale?
on a Celsius scale?
49. Why would an alcohol thermometer be better than a water thermometer to
measure outdoor winter temperatures in Manitoba?
50. True or False: Heat causes particles to move faster.
51. What name is given to the accidental warming of the environment?
52. Name some properties of all solids.

53. Name some properties of all liquids.

54. Name some properties of all gases.
55. What happens to the particles in materials when they are heated or cooled?
56. The process by which a solid changes to a liquid is called what?
57. The process by which a liquid changes to a gas is called what?
58. The process by which a gas changes to a liquid is called what?
59. The process by which a liquid changes to a solid is called what?
60. The process by which a solid changes to a gas or a gas changes to a solid without
becoming a liquid is called what?
61. Name three ways in which heat can be transferred from one object to another?
62. The transfer of energy in a special form of wave that can travel though many
materials or empty space is called what?
63. True or False: Heat from the sun reaches us through conduction.
64. The process of transferring heat through direct collisions between particles is
called what?
65. Why is metal a better conductor of heat than wood?
66. Give four examples of good heat insulators.
67. The method of transferring heat through the movement of fluids is called what?
68. Why does warm air rise?
Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Matter is any material that occupies space and has mass.

Solids, liquids and gases
properties
True
Answer may include: clear, colorless, odorless liquid; freezes at 0C and boils at
100C.
6. Yes; for example, there are other clear, odorless liquids besides water.
7. a mixture
8. False; for example, a multi-colored rock.
9. True
10. heterogeneous
11. homogenous
12. Answers could include: salad dressing, soda water, orange juice, milk, strawberry
jam
13. Answers could include: antifreeze, Kool Aid, air
14. mechanical mixture
15. The different materials in it can easily be identified; the water and the bubbles.
16. A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances; the distinct
properties of the different substances that make up the solution are combined into
one set of properties.
17. False: solutions can be solids (sterling silver: silver and copper), liquids (ocean
water: water and salt) or gases (air: oxygen, nitrogen and other gases).
18. a pure substance

19. gold, oxygen, water

20. True: gold, oxygen, water
21. when it has been repeatedly tested and shown to be consistent
22. the particle theory of matter
23. extremely small particles
24. particle, different from the particles of other pure substances.
25. False
26. It will dissolve.
27. The drink powder is the solute and the water is the solvent.
28. a solvent
29. a solution
30. True
31. False. Some substances are insoluble; for example, fat in milk.
32. False
33. distillation, evaporation, sieving, filtration, magnetism, settling
34. False. Eventually, if enough solute is added, the solution will eventually become
saturated.
35. solubility
36. dilute it
37. False
38. temperature, agitation, surface area exposed to the solvent
39. break the sugar cube up, stir the coffee, or heat up the coffee
40. temperature
41. mechanical energy, chemical energy, electricity
42. False: The sense of touch can be fooled such as when your hands are already
very cold or very hot and they are then placed into lukewarm water.
43. a thermometer
44. a thermometer
45. True
46. degrees
47. the Fahrenheit scale and the Celsius scale
48. freezing: 32F boiling: 212F freezing: 0C boiling: 100C
49. Alcohol has a lower freezing point. The water in a water thermometer would
freeze so you couldnt measure very low temperatures.
50. True
51. thermal pollution
52. Solids have a definite size and shape.
53. Liquids have a definite size or volume but no fixed shape. They take the shape of
their container.
54. Gases have no definite shape or size. They expand to fill all parts of their
container and can be easily compressed into a smaller space.
55. As materials are heated their particles move faster and spread apart so they
expand. When they are cooled, their particles slow down and move closer
together so they contract.
56. melting
57. evaporation

58. condensation
59. freezing
60. sublimation
61. radiation, conduction, convection
62. radiation
63. False: through radiation
64. conduction
65. The particles are closer together; there are more collisions between the particles
so more conduction occurs.
66. glass, wood, rubber, plastic, inner layers of clothing, Styrofoam
67. convection
68. It is lighter; the particles are farther apart.