Appendix G: Standard Thermodynamic

Data at 298 K
Substance

DHof_ So_J/K- DGof_kJ/ DHoatom DSoatom

kJ/mo mole
mole
_kJ/mo J/Kle
le
mole

DGoatom
_kJ/mo
le

Aluminum

Al(s)

28

330

AlCl3(s)

-706

109

-630

1398

Al2O3(s)

-1670

51

-1576

Al(OH)3(s)

-1277

3008

Barium

Ba(s)

67

178

BaCO3(s)

-1216

112

-1138

2861

BaO(s)

-582

70

-552

1009

BaSO4(s)

-1465

132

-1353

Ba(OH)2(s)

-946

Bromine

Br2(l)

152

223.8

Br(g)

112

175

82

Br-(aq)

-121

81

-103

233

Br2(g)

31

245

193

Br2(aq)

-3

130

193

HBr(g)

-36

198

-53

366

Calcium

Ca(s)

41

Ca(g)

179

155

146

CaCO3(s,calcite)

-1207

93

-1129

2850

CaF2(s)

-1220

69

-1167

CaO(s)

-635

40

-604

1062

Ca(OH)2(s)

-986

83

-899

2100

CaSO4(s)

-1434

107

-1322

2885

Ca3(PO4)2(s)

-4126

241

-3890

CaSiO3(s)

-1630

84

-1550

CaC2(s)

-63

70

-68

Carbon

C(s,graph)

717

C(g)

718

158

673

C(s,diam)

715

CCl4(l)

-135

216

-65

CCl4(g)

-107

309

-64

CH4(g)

-75

186

-51

1664

C2H2(g)

227

201

209

1642

C2H4(g)

52

219

68

2253

C2H6(g)

-85

230

-33

2826

C3H6(g)

21

267

63

C3H8(g)

-104

270

-23

3998

C6H6(g)

83

269

130

C6H6(l)

49

173

124

CH3OH(g)

-201

238

-162

2039

CH3OH(l)

-239

127

-166

2077

C2H5OH(g)

-235

283

-168

C2H5OH(l)

-278

161

-175

3269

C6H12O6(s)

-1273

212

-910

9686

CO(g)

-111

198

-137

1076

CO2(g)

-394

214

-394

1608

H2CO(g)

-116

219

-110

HCOOH(g)

-363

249

-351

CH3COOH(l)

-487

160

-392

3288

CH3CHO(g)

-166

250

-129

HCN(g)

135

202

125

Cesium

Cs(s)

85

Cs(g)

76

176

50

CsCl(s)

-443

101

-414

Chlorine

Cl2(g)

223

243

Cl(g)

122

165

106

Cl-(aq)

-167

56

-131

288

HCl(aq)

-167

56

-131

HCl(g)

-92

187

-95

432

Copper

Cu(s)

33

338

Cu(g)

338

166

299

CuCO3(s)

-595

88

-518

CuCl2(s)

-206

108

-162

CuO(s)

-156

43

-128

743

Cu2O(s)

-171

92

-148

1094

Cu(OH)2(s)

-450

108

-372

CuS(s)

-49

67

-49

Fluorine

F2(g)

202.7

158.2

F(g)

80

159

62

F-(aq)

-333

-14

-279

412

HF(g)

-269

174

-271

569

Hydrogen

H2(g)

131

H(g)

218

115

203

H+(g)

1536

109

1517

Iodine

I2(s)

117

I(g)

107

181

70

I-(aq)

-55

111

-52

162

I2(g)

62

261

19

HI(g)

26

206

Iron

Fe(s)

27

415

Fe(g)

416

180

370

Fe2+(aq)

-88

113

-85

Fe3+(aq)

-48

293

-11

FeO(s)

-272

61

-255

937

Fe2O3(s)

-822

90

-741

2404

Fe3O4(s)

-1117

146

-1014

3360

FeS(s)

-95

67

-97

FeS2(s)

-172

53

-160

1148

FeSO4(s)

-929

121

-825

Fe3C(s)

21

108

15

Magnesium

Mg(s)

33

147

Mg(g)

147

149

112

MgCO3(s)

-1113

66

-1029

MgCl2(s)

-642

90

-592

MgO(s)

-602

27

-570

998

Mg(OH)2(s)

-925

63

-834

2007

Mercury

Hg(l)

77

61

Hg(g)

61

175

32

HgCl2(s)

-230

144

-184

534

Hg2Cl2(s)

-265

193

-210

631

HgO(s)

-90

70

-59

401

Nitrogen

N2(g)

192

945

N(g)

473

153

456

NH3(aq)

-80

111

-26

1207

NH3(g)

-46

193

-17

1173

NH4+(aq)

-132

113

-79

1477

N2H4(g)

95

238

159

N2H4(l)

51

121

149

NH4Cl(s)

-314

95

-203

1780

NH4NO3(s)

-366

151

-184

NH4ClO4(s)

-295

186

-89

NO(g)

90

211

87

632

NO2(g)

34

240

52

937

N2O(g)

82

220

109

1113

N2O4(g)

10

304

98

1932

N2O4(l)

-20

209

97

N2O5(s)

-42

178

134

NOCl(g)

53

264

66

HNO3(aq)

-207

146

-110

1645

HNO3(l)

-174

156

-81

HNO3(g)

-134

266

-74

Oxygen

O2(g)

205

498

O(g)

248

161

230

O3(g)

142

238

163

605

OH-(aq)

-230

-11

-157

697

H3O+(aq)

-286

70

-237

H2O(g)

-242

189

-229

927

H2O(l)

-286

70

-237

971

Phosphorus

P(s,white)

41

316

P(g)

316

163

280

P2(g)

144

218

104

P4(g)

59

280

24

1206

P(s,red)

-17

23

-12

334

P(s,black)

-39

23

-33

PCl3(g)

-288

312

-270

PCl3(l)

-320

217

-272

PF5(g)

-1594

301

-1521

2290

PH3(g)

210

13

965

P4O6(s)

-1640

P4O10(s)

-2940

229

-2675

6741

H3PO4(aq)

-1288

158

-1143

3255

H3PO4(s)

-1279

110

-1119

H3PO4(l)

-1267

Potassium

K(s)

65

90

K(g)

90

160

61

KCl(s)

-436

83

-408

647

KNO3(s)

-493

288

-393

K2O(s)

-363

94

-322

789

KOH(s)

-425

79

-379

982

KOH(aq)

-482

92

-440

1038

Silicon

Si(s)

19

Si(g)

368

168

324

SiCl4(l)

-640

239

-573

1622

SiO2(s,quartz)

-911

42

-856

1860

Silver

Ag(s)

43

285

Ag+(aq)

106

74

77

180

AgCl(s)

-127

96

-110

533

AgBr(s)

-100

107

-97

AgI(s)

-62

115

-66

Ag2O(s)

-31

121

-11

850

AgNO3(s)

-124

141

-33

Sodium

Na(s)

51

108

Na(g)

108

154

77

Na+(aq)

-240

59

-262

348

Na2CO3(s)

-1131

136

-1048

2811

NaCl(aq)

-407

115

-393

NaCl(g)

-181

230

-201

NaCl(s)

-411

72

-384

640

NaHCO3(s)

-948

102

-852

2738

NaNO3(aq)

-446

207

-372

NaNO3(s)

-468

116

-367

1795

NaOH(aq)

-470

50

-419

1045

NaOH(s)

-426

64

-380

1002

Sulfur

S(s,rhombic)

32

277

S(s,monoclinic)

0.3

33

0.1

SO2(g)

-297

248

-300

1072

SO3(g)

-395

256

-370

1421

SO4(2-)(aq)

-909

20

-744

2183

SOCl2(l)

-246

H2S(g)

-20

206

-33

734

H2SO4(aq)

-909

20

-744

2619

H2SO4(l)

-814

156

-690

2524

S2-(aq)

33

-15

86

244

Titanium

TiCl4(g)

-763

355

-727

TiO2(s)

-945

50

-890

Zinc

Zn(s)

42

130

Zn(g)

131

161

95

ZnCl2(s)

-415

112

-369

ZnO(s)

-348

44

-318

728

ZnS(s,wurtzite)

-193

58

-201

ZnS(s,zincblende) -206