I GII THIU TNG QUAN

Gii php chng thm cho cng

trnh phi c thit k cn thn v phi
thi cng ph hp vi giai on cn thit.
Phi xem xt chng thm l khu
tng th gn b mt thit t thit k,
thi cng , vt liu cho n khu khai
thc s dng cng trnh..
Mi khu gn vi nhau thnh mt
th thng nht. Thi cng chng thm
cn c cn b, k s c phn cng
chuyn trch theo di v n c .
Vic kim tra cht lng chng thm
phi c thit k v thng qua ch
nhim d n.
H s khi hon thnh tng bc trong
thi cng chng thm cng nh ch to
vt liu , thu mua vt liu cn ghi chp
v thu lm y v lu tr cn thn.

II NI DUNG CHNH

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

MT S PHNG PHP CHNG THM.

THI CNG CHNG THM PHN NGM
THI CNG CHNG THM MI NH
THI CNG CHNG THM NH TM , V SINH
THI CNG CHNG THM CNG TRNH C BIT

1 . MT S PHNG PHP CHNG

THM
- Phng php chng thm t thn ca BTCT.
- Phng n dngmngchng
thmcopernit .
- Phng n dng mng t dnh .
- Phng n dng ha chtchng thm .

PHNG PHP CHNG THM T THN CA BTCT

Nng cao kh nng chng thm ca b

tng tng hm bng vic s dng ph
gia khong hot tnh siu mn khng
ch chng thm hu hiu cho phn
ngm ca cng trnh m cn bo v
cho thp ct khi b g v m bo
bn lu ca cng trnh.
Cho n nay, cc nh kt cu thng
ch nh cng chu nn ti thiu
ca b tng tui 28 ngy m
khng quan tm n cc tnh cht khc
ca b tng.

 Trong khi , bn lu ca b
tng li ph thuc rt nhiu vo
rng v phn b l rng theo
ng knh.
Ph gia khong hot tnh
microsilica nh silicafume hoc
tro tru khi c a vo thnh
phn b tng s lm gim ng
k tng rng v t bit l l
rng mao dn (cc l rng c
ng knh ln hn 10-4mm).
t c iu ny, thnh
phn b tng chng thm cn
c thit k bi c quan thit
k chuyn ngnh.

Sikament R4 +
Plastocrete N

Phng n dngmngchng
thmcopernit

- V sinhton b b mt
cnchng thm.
- B mt phi cng, sch,
kh v khng cn dnh va
yu, du m hoc cc tp
cht khc .
- i vi cc c ng nc,
dng ging chng n qun
xung quanh cc c ng sau
dng va khng co ngt
xung quanh.
- Kh nng b mt thi cng
v dng n kh kh
mngchng thmnng
chy bm cht vo b mt
sn btng v chn tng
bao quanh.
- Bin chng m gia mi
ln tip gip l 50mm .

Phng n dng mng t dnh

B mt phi cng, sch, kh v khng cn dnh va yu,
du m hoc cc tp cht khc .
- tng cng bm dnh cho tm tri trc khi dn
mng, nn ln 01 lp sn lt bitum gc dung mi
Polyprime SB qut ln trn ton b b mt thi cng.
- nh mc qut t 0,3 0,4 Lt/m2
- Cng tc dn mng c thc hin khi lp sn lt kh.
- Tri cun mng t dnh theo ng chiu di yu cu, sau
ct mng theo kch thc mong mun.
- t tm mng va ct ln khu vc chun b dn, kim tra
chun kht ca n.
- Bc b lp mng Silicon v cn thn dnmngchng
thm sao cho din tch chng m ti thiu l 50mm, sau
dn mng t gia ra hai mp y ht khng kh bn
di mng ra ngoi.
- Lng mt lp va xi mng ct ln trn lp mngchng
thm ngay sau khi thi cng xong bo v mng v hon
tr mt bng.

Phng n dng ha chtchng thm

- Ha cht s dng l Sika, Kova, hay

Cornmix
- Trn ha cht vi xi mng theo t
l ca nh sn xut
- Tin hnh qut 02 lp chng thm, lp
th nht cch lp th hai t 2 n 4
gi
- Thi cng t nht l 2 lp.
- Hon tr mt bng sau khi thi cng.
Sika Latex TH Sikadur 42VN - VN

Chun b v lm b mt b tng,
dng ba nh ty tp cht.
Dng chi st ch sch b mt,
qut thi v ht sch bi.
kh b mt trc khi phun
cht chng thm.

X l phun dung dch

chng thm
ln b mt b tng bng
bnh phun.

Sau c th trn hoc

hon thin nh cn va, lt
gch...

Sau khi x l, thy kh,

tin hnh phun nc sch
bo dng b tng
trong 2-3 ngy.

Sau khi xong bc 3, bm nc ngm ton b b

mt x l ti thiu 12 gi kim tra kt
qu.

THI CNG CHNG THM PHN NGM

Trong nh cao tng, do kch thc ln, mng kh su v u c
tng di t, nhiu nh cn c 3-4 tng di t, v th cht
lng chng thm ca cc tng di t cc k quan trng.
Khi thi cng cc cng trnh ngm, cc tng hm th cng
on x l chng thm rt quan trng v cng on ny gp
phn khng nh quyt nh ti tui th kt cu, tnh bn vng
ca cng trnh, tnh bn vng ca cng trnh.
Ngoi ra trong nh cao tng, tm tng ngoi c sn c
ng dng rt rng ri v cht lng chng thm mi ni cc
tm tng ngoi cng rt ng quan tm.
Trong cc khch sn, nh hng, khch sn cao tng, nhiu ni
b tr vn hoa, b bi, b nc trn nc nh, do cng
lm tng mc kh khn cho thi cng chng thm ca nhng
b phn cng trnh ln rt nhiu.

CHUN B IU KIN THI CNG

CHNG THM
-

Va xi mng c trt bng phng,

nh bng khng c khuyt tt ni
ct hoc bong va
B mt cn bn phi kh ro, lng
ngm nc tt nht phi nh hn
9%.
Ch lin kt gc vi cc b phn
khc phi trt thnh gc vung ng
u v bng nhn.
Trng hp sp ma, ang ma
hoc sau cn ma khi cn cha kh
ro th khng nn thi cng dn cun
polime chng thm.

Ghi ch:
H - Chiu cao mc nc
ngm;
d - Chiu dy kt cu BTCT

S liu bng 1 cho thy cp chng thm cng cao khi chiu dy
lp b tng kt cu cng nh, hoc chiu cao mc nc ngm cng ln.
Do vy trong qu trnh thit k cn la chn cp chng thm ph hp
vi thc t cng trnh.
Trong nhng trng hp t s H/d qu ln v vic nng cao cp
chng thm ca b tng khng hiu qu th c th s dng cc lp
chng thm b sung pha ngoi kt cu BTCT.
Ngoi ra, do cc yu cu v an ton, tnh kinh t trong cc gii
php chng thm, cn xt n cc lp chng thm b sung

THI CNG MNG CHNG THM

COPERNIT

GIA C GC BNG MNG T DNH

PRIMER

CHNG THM TI CC MI NI
- Ti cc v tr ni t ct thp bnh
thng c thm cc thanh thp ni
(joint bars) lin kt ngm gia cc t
hm.
- Gia cc lin kt thi cng c cc
tm ngn nc (water stop) c t
gia cc khi b tng.
- Vt liu chng thm mi ni l Sika
Flexconstruction, ton b mt hm
c chng thm nh chng
thm mt cu.

KIM TRA V NGIM THU CHT LNG

-

Ch tiu tnh nng k thut cn ph hp vi tiu chun quy nh hoc

thit k km theo bo co kim nghim vt l ly mu ti hin trng
hoc cc vn kin c lin quan n thuyt minh cht lng vt liu.
Tng b dy ca mng trt khng nn nh hn 1,5mm.
Mng trt khng c hnh thnh cc khuyt tt nh t gy, vt ct,
bong trc hoc khng kn
Mn trt phi c rn chc, ng u, khng c rnh lm, bt kh v
hin tng thm nc.

* GHICH:CC BN C TH XEM THM TIU

CHUN VIT NAM TCVN 5718 : 1993.

BO H V CNG TC AN TON
-Boh:
Cn kim tra tng chng thm thi cng mt cch nghim khc, khng
cho php cc nhn vin khc i vo hin trng thi cng phng lm h
hng tng chng thm.
Nhn vin thi cng phi tun theo cc bc thao tc tin hnh thi cng
phng nghim ngt lm h hng hoc vy bn cc mt tng thi
cng
- Anton:
Vt liu dng cho thi cng phi bao gi vo thng st, phi c bt kn,
khng c php trn lu kho.
Vt liu dng cho thi cng chng thm c lng c t nht nh cho nn
kho vt liu cn c thng thong.
Vt liu thi cng phn ln thuc loi d chy cho nn hin trng thi cng
phi nghim cm la v chun b trc thit b cu ha.
My mc, dng c thi cng dng sau mi ln phi kp thi dng du
thien. V cc dung dch hu c lau ra cn thn.

CHNG THM PHN MI

Chun b b mt
Tt c b tng yu v khng c chc phi b loi
b bng cc phng tin c hc v sa cha to
b mt bng phng.
B tng phi c lm sch v khng bm bi, du
nht hoc cc thnh phn bong trc khc v phi
kh trc khi thi cng lp chng thm Sikaproof
Membrane.
Sn mi b tng hin hu s c thi cng lp va
chng thm phi c cng khng di 25 Mpa.
Sn mi v ng mng
Sn mi v ng mng nn dc u vi dc
ti thiu l 1:100. Nu lp to dc c thc hin
sau khi b tng, nn s dng va xi mng c
trn theo t l 1 phn xi mng v 3 phn ct th
(bng khi lng) v 1 phn nc v 3 phn Sika
Latex t c b mt u vi b dy ti thiu
l 15 mm v b dy ti a cho mi lp thi cng l
40 mm, thi cng tng lp.

Cu to chng thm sn

3 : THI CNG CHNG THM NH TM , V SINH

Nhng khu vc thng

xuyn tip xc vi ngun
nc nh cc khu v sinh,
phng xng hi th
nguy c xy ra thm l
rt cao.
Do bin php ti u
khc phc tnh trng ny
l nn x l chng thm
trc khi hon thin.

TRNH T THI CNG GC TNG NH TM

B mt chng thm phi

bng phng, v sinh sch s

Cn va bo v , dn
gch bng va
chuyn dng ln ton
b lp chng thm
trong 48 gi

Sn y to dc 1.5 2

Qut 2 lp
smartlex ln lp
gia c gc

Qut 2 lp smartlex
ln tng v sn

Gia c 1 lp li joint
tape / polyeste ngay
gc chn tng v
sn

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Sn BTCT cn va dc 1.5 -2.

H thng chng thm : SMARTLEX.
Va bo v hoc va dn gch.
Gch hon thin .
Li gia c Polyeste.
Lp smartlex ph ln lp gia c chn
tng .

CHNG THM CHO CNG TRNH C BIT

VN HOA TRN MI
( SN THNG)
Bn l ngi c t
chn n nhiu nc trn
th gii. i khi, bn
phi ng ngng khi thy
nhng mi nh y cy
c, hoa l Gi y, bn
khng cn phi i nc
ngoi c chim
ngng na. Nu bn
mun, n s hin din
ngay trong khun vin
nh bn

QUY TRNH THI CNG VN HOA

TRN MI

THI CNG CHNG THM H

BI

CC BC THI CNG CHNG THM

CNG TRNH C BIT
- Yu cu x l i vi tng nn: phi l kt cu btng ct thp
ton khi ti ch, b mt chng cn phi trt va ximng
lng bng.
- ng dn nc vo v ming x nc cn phi c lp t
chc chn.
- Trc khi thi cng chng thm b mt hon ton c trng
bc khng c ngm nc v phi qut lau ht bi bm v rc
bn.
- Mt s cc bc chng thm khc c thi cng tng t nh
trnh by trn.

MT CT CU TO CHNG THM H BI

CNG TRNH THC T

CM N THY
V
CC BN THEO DI