EXAMPLE 1.

1:
Consider the deflection of a horizontal cantilever beam

f() = 4 - 43 + 62 2.25
Solution

0 =

-0.05

f(i)

0
1
2
3
4

0.51
0.507
0.504
0.501
0.498

-0.032348
-0.003926
0.0245241
0.0530015
0.081506

-0.003
-0.003
-0.003
-0.003
-0.003

to get
x = x1 - ((x*f(x1))/(f(x1) - f(x1-x)

f(i)

0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55

0.157648
0.0625
-0.032348
-0.126884
-0.221095
-0.314969
-0.408494

i-x
0.513
0.51
0.507
0.504
0.501

f(i-x)
-1.141751
-1.152352
-1.162927
-1.173476
-1.183999


0.509913
0.50699
0.504062
0.50113
0.498193

Column B
Linear (Column B)

EXAMPLE 1.1:
Consider the deflection of a horizontal cantilever beam

f() = 4 - 43 + 62 2.25
Solution

0 =

-0.05

f(i)

0
1
2
3
4

1
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8

0.75
0.5500063
0.3501
0.1505063
-0.0484

-0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.05

to get
x = x1 - ((x*f(x1))/(f(x1) - f(x1-x)

f(i)

0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84

-0.127657
-0.088055
-0.0484
-0.008697
0.0310498
0.0708352
0.1106554

i-x

f(i-x)

1.05 0.950006
1
0.75
0.95 0.550006
0.9
0.3501
0.85 0.150506


0.812506
0.812494
0.812434
0.812297
0.812167

Column B
Linear (Column B)

a0 =

-0.05
i
0
1
2
3
4

ai
1
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8

0
1
2
3
4

0.5
0.669266
0.735807
0.769239
0.787462

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

0.797777
0.803732
0.807207
0.809247
0.81045
0.81116
0.81158
0.811828
0.811975

f(ai)
0.75
0.55000625
0.3501
0.15050625
-0.0484

e=0.00005
i+1=g(i)

0.6692657668
0.7358070201
0.7692390172
0.7874621996
0.7977772202

0.803731895
0.8072069431
0.8092474874
0.8104499827
0.811160096
0.8115799562
0.8118283816
0.8119754342
0.8120625024

a=

0.812167

i+1-i

0.1692657668
0.0665412533
0.0334319971
0.0182231824
0.0103150206

0.0059546748
0.0034750481
0.0020405443
0.0012024953
0.0007101133
0.0004198602
0.0002484254
0.0001470526
8.7068135E-005

a0 =

0.05

i
0
1

ai
5.55
5.5

0
1
2
3
4

5
-0.48493
0.538294
0.681902
0.741855

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

0.772467
0.78927
0.798815
0.804336
0.807561
0.809456
0.810573
0.811233
0.811623
0.811854
0.81199
0.812071
0.812119
0.812148
0.812165
0.812174
0.81218

22
23

0.812184
0.812186

f(ai)
0.0303087829
-0.0153351609

i+1=g(i)

-0.484929087
0.5382944035
0.6819023939
0.7418554496
0.7724673182

0.7892702351
0.798814966
0.8043355411
0.807560741
0.8094557539
0.8105728924
0.81123274
0.8116229291
0.8118538156
0.8119904922
0.8120714189
0.8121193426
0.8121477247
0.8121645343
0.8121744903
0.8121803872
0.8121838799

0.8121859486
0.8121871739

i+1-i

-5.484929087
1.0232234906
0.1436079904
0.0599530557
0.0306118686

0.0168029169
0.0095447308
0.0055205751
0.0032251999
0.0018950129
0.0011171385
0.0006598476
0.0003901891
0.0002308865
0.0001366766
8.0926725E-005
4.7923664E-005
2.8382051E-005
1.6809651E-005
0.000009956
5.8968625E-006
3.4926917E-006

2.0687219E-006
1.2253087E-006

(_ )=
(_ )=

_= 0
_= 1
i
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

_
0
0.5
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.78125
0.796875
0.8046875
0.80859375
0.81054688
0.81152344
0.81201172
0.81201172
0.81213379

_
1
1
1
0.875
0.8125
0.8125
0.8125
0.8125
0.8125
0.8125
0.8125
0.8125
0.81225586
0.81225586

14
15

0.81213379 0.81219482
0.81216431 0.81219482

-2.25
0.75
_
0.5
0.75
0.875
0.8125
0.78125
0.796875
0.8046875
0.80859375
0.81054688
0.81152344
0.81201172
0.81225586
0.81213379
0.81219482

(_)
-1.1875
-0.246094
0.2502441
0.001236
-0.12271
-0.060798
-0.029795
-0.014283
-0.006524
-0.002644
-0.000704
0.0002658
-0.000219
2.33E-005

1
0.5
0.25
0.125
0.0625
0.03125
0.015625
0.007813
0.003906
0.001953
0.000977
0.000488
0.000244
0.000122

0.81216431 -9.8E-005 6.10E-005

0.81217957 -3.7E-005 3.05E-005

f() = 4 - 43 + 62 2.25

_=
_=
i
0
1
2

0.5
1
_
0.5
0.8065
0.8122

_
1
1
1

(_ )=
(_ )=

(_ )=
(_ )=
_
0.80645161
0.81215952
0.81218881

-1.1875
0.75
(_)
-0.022790224
-0.000116976
-5.8225E-007

f() = 4 - 43 + 62 2.25

i
0
1
2
3

f() = 4 - 4
f () = 43

0.5
0.83928571
0.81222087
0.81218895

f() = 4 - 43 + 62 2.25
f () = 43 - 122 + 12
(_)
(_)
-1.1875
3.5
0.10781 3.983396
0.000127 3.973515
2.2E-010 3.973501

f() = 4 - 43 + 62 2.25
_=
1
i
0
2
3
4

_
1
1.5
0.8181818
0.8123579

(_ )=

xi = xb {(xb xa) f(xb) / [f(xb)

f(xa)]}

0.75

(_)
_
1.5
2.8125
0.8181818182 0.0238201
0.8123579252 0.0006714
0.8121890068 2.10E-007

_
0.8181818182
0.8123579252
0.8121890068

a) The incremental search method (E = 0.12, M = 2.3)

0 =

-0.05

f(i)

i-x

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

2.38
2.3801
2.3802
2.3803
2.3804
2.3805
2.3806
2.3807

-0.002809
-0.0027
-0.002592
-0.002483
-0.002374
-0.002266
-0.002157
-0.002048

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001

2.3799
2.38
2.3801
2.3802
2.3803
2.3804
2.3805
2.3806

x = x1 - ((x*f(x1))/(f(x1) - f(x1-x)

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

2.3808
2.3809
2.381
2.3811
2.3812
2.3813
2.3814
2.3815
2.3816
2.3817
2.3818
2.3819
2.382
2.3821
2.3822
2.3823
2.3824
2.3825
2.3826
2.3827

-0.001939
-0.001831
-0.001722
-0.001613
-0.001505
-0.001396
-0.001287
-0.001179
-0.00107
-0.000961
-0.000853
-0.000744
-0.000635
-0.000526
-0.000418
-0.000309
-0.0002
-9.2E-005
1.71E-005
0.0001258

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001

2.3807
2.3808
2.3809
2.381
2.3811
2.3812
2.3813
2.3814
2.3815
2.3816
2.3817
2.3818
2.3819
2.382
2.3821
2.3822
2.3823
2.3824
2.3825
2.3826

b) The Fixed Point Iteration Method (E = 0.12 , M = 5.6)

c) The Bisection Method (E = 0.23 , M = 5.6)

a =
b =

5
6

f(a) =
f(b) =

-0.379447
7.5647268

E=
M=

i
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

a
5
5
5.25
5.375
5.375
5.40625
5.421875
5.421875
5.4257813
5.4257813
5.4257813
5.4257813
5.4260254
5.4260254
5.4260864
5.4261169

b
6
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.4375
5.4375
5.4375
5.4296875
5.4296875
5.4277344
5.4267578
5.4262695
5.4262695
5.4261475
5.4261475
5.4261475

m
5.5
5.25
5.375
5.4375
5.40625
5.421875
5.4296875
5.4257813
5.4277344
5.4267578
5.4262695
5.4260254
5.4261475
5.4260864
5.4261169
5.4261322

f(m)
0.0622742749
-0.1524450665
-0.0436706035
0.0096379332
-0.0169300043
-0.0036247347
0.0030118886
-0.0003050962
0.0013537274
0.0005243985
0.0001096719
-0.000097707
5.983730E-006
-4.58613E-005
-1.99387E-005
-6.97747E-006

0.23
5.6
E
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23

16

5.4261322 5.4261475 5.4261398 -4.96864E-007

d) The False Position Method (E = 0.23 , M = 5.6)

a =
b =
i
0
1
2
3
4

5
6
a
5
5.4497352
5.4249712
5.4261988
5.4261375

b
6
6
6
6
6

f(a) =
f(b) =

-0.3794474168
0.4642655646

i
5.4497352
5.4249712
5.4261988
5.4261375
5.4261406

f(i)
0.0199939251
-0.0009933104
4.961763E-005
-2.47784E-006
1.237415E-007

e) The Newton Rhapson Method (E = 0.23 , M = 7.8)

i
0
1
2
3

i
8
8.0285749
8.0284769
8.0284769

f(i)
-0.029531
0.0001019
-3.3E-008
1.10E-011

f'(i)
1.033465
1.0399527
1.0399305
1.0399306

f) The Secant Method (E = 0.23 , M = 7.8)

a =
i
0
1
2
3

f(a) =

a
b
f(b)
8
9
1.1052127
9
8.0243231 -0.002348
8.0243231 8.0263916 -0.000198
8.0263916 8.0265826 4.89E-008

-0.0275523967
i
8.0243231325
8.0263915969
8.0265825711
8.0265825241

3) Using Bisection Method

fa =
fb =

0.01
0.02

f(fa) =
f(fb) =

-0.3463085932
0.0368468353

0.23

i
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

fa
0.01
0.015
0.0175
0.01875
0.01875
0.01875
0.0189063
0.0189063
0.0189063
0.0189063
0.0189063
0.0189063

fb
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.019375
0.0190625
0.0190625
0.0189844
0.0189453
0.0189258
0.018916
0.0189111

fm
0.015
0.0175
0.01875
0.019375
0.0190625
0.0189063
0.0189844
0.0189453
0.0189258
0.018916
0.0189111
0.0189087

f(fm)
-0.1401792712
-0.0488324714
-0.0053544061
0.0158983028
0.0053108627
-1.19277E-005
0.0026519139
0.0013206065
0.000654493
0.0003213211
0.0001547063
7.139171E-005

4) Using Bisection Method

5) Using Bisection Method

xa =
xb =

0
1

i
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

fa
0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

x4 - 10x + 5=0
f(fa) =
f(fb) =

fb
fm
1
0.5
1
0.75
0.75
0.625
0.625
0.5625
0.5625
0.53125
0.53125 0.515625
0.515625 0.5078125

5
-4
f(fm)
0.0625
-2.18359375
-1.0974121094
-0.524887085
-0.2328481674
-0.0855636001
-0.0116262399

f(i-x)
-0.002918
-0.002809
-0.0027
-0.002592
-0.002483
-0.002374
-0.002266
-0.002157

2.3799034
2.3800036
2.3801037
2.3802039
2.380304
2.3804042
2.3805044
2.3806047

-0.002048
-0.001939
-0.001831
-0.001722
-0.001613
-0.001505
-0.001396
-0.001287
-0.001179
-0.00107
-0.000961
-0.000853
-0.000744
-0.000635
-0.000526
-0.000418
-0.000309
-0.0002
-9.2E-005
1.71E-005

M
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6

2.3807049
2.3808052
2.3809055
2.3810058
2.3811062
2.3812067
2.3813072
2.3814078
2.3815085
2.3816094
2.3817105
2.3818119
2.3819136
2.382016
2.3821193
2.3822244
2.3823333
2.3824522
2.3826206
2.3822123

5.6