RealNumbersUnitTestStudyGuide

Therealnumbersystem

*AnumberthatisanirrationalnumberisNEVERrational,aninteger,wholenumber,ornatural.
*Anumberthatisanaturalnumber,wholenumber,integer,orrationalisNEVERirrational
*Terminatingdecimalsaredecimalsthatstop.Theycanbechangedtoafraction.
*Repeatingdecimalsaredecimalsthatgoforever
inarepeatingpattern
*Irrationaldecimalsgoforeverbutdonothavearepetitivepattern.
*0.12345678910111213141516171819isnotarepeatingpattern.Thisisarandomset
ofdigits!
*isirrationalbecauseitgoesforeveranddoesnotrepeatinapattern.Anythingadded
to,subtractedfrom,multipliedby,ordividedwithisirrational
*Perfectsquaresandcubesarerationalbecausetheyareequivalentinvaluetowholenumbers,
integers,orcountingnumbers.

*Ifthenumberisexpressedasasquarerootandyoucannotmakeasquarewiththatarea,
thenitisnotaperfectsquareandisthereforeirrational.
*Ifanumberisnatural,itisalsoaninteger,wholenumber,rationalandreal.
*Ifanumberisawholenumber,itisalsoaninteger,rational,andreal.
*Ifanumberisaninteger,itisalsorationalandreal.
*Ifanumberisrational,itisalsoreal.
*Ifanumberisaninteger,itisalsoreal.
*Ifanumberisirrational,itisalsoreal.
*Theonlynumberswewillseethatarenotrealnumbersaresquarerootsthathaveanegative
signinsideoftheradicalsuchas 4 or 38 becauseitdoesnotfitthedefinitionofasquare
root.Itisimpossibletogetthesenumbersusingtherealnumbersystem,sotheyareimaginary.
****REMEMBER!!Alwayssimplifyfractionsbeforeyoudecidewhatcategoryitfallsinto!
Numberslike8/4simplifyto2,soitisnotonlyarationalnumber,butanatural,whole,and
integernumberaswell!
****REMEMBER!!!Notallnegativenumbersareintegers!0.34598345312048isirrational,
NOTaninteger!

Practice!
Writeeverysetofnumbersthateachnumberbelongsto.Justifyifthenumberisrationalby
writingitasanequivalentfraction.

1. 0.35

2. 12.34

3. 18/3

4. 4/2


5. 82

6. 196

3
7. 216

8. 0

9. 82

10. 0.837202...

EstimatingIrrationalNumbers
1. Determinewhichperfectsquaresthenumberfallsbetweenonthenumberlineanddraw
thenumberline.Labelapproximatelywhereyouthinkthatnumbershouldgo.

2. Subtractthelargerperfectsquarefromthesmallerperfectsquaretoseehowmanyunits
arebetweenthenumbers.Thatisthedenominator(baseunit)foryourestimate.
3. Subtractthenumberyouareestimatingfromthesmallerperfectsquaretofindhowmany
unitsawaythatnumberis.Thisisyournumerator.
4. Ifnecessary,converttoadecimalbydividingthenumeratorbythedenominator.

Practice:Estimatethefollowingirrationalnumberstothenearesthundredth

1. 19

2. 125

3. 132

4. 48

5. 72

ComparingandOrderingRealNumbers
1. Drawanumberlineandlabelitwithcountingnumbersandsquareroots.
2. Locatewherethefractionsanddecimalsgoonthenumberlineandlabelthem
3. Locatewherethesquarerootsgoonthenumberlineandlabelthem.Ifnecessary,
estimatetheirrationalnumbers.

Practice!
1.Placethefollowingnumbersinorderfromleasttogreatest:
3.82, 12 ,3 25

2.Placethefollowingnumbersinorderfromgreatesttoleast:
9.5 ,9 12 , 82
3.Whatisthelargestintegervaluelessthan 32 ?

4.Whatisthesmallestintegervaluegreaterthan 152 ?

ChangingRepeatingDecimalstoFractions
1. Lookatyournumbertoseewhatdigitsareintherepeatingpatternandwhatnumbers,if
any,arenot.
2. Findyournumerator
a. Ifallofthedigitsrepeat,thenthedigitsinthepatternarethenumerator
b. Ifonlysomeofthedigitsrepeat,thensubtractthenonrepeatingdigitsfromthe
wholedecimal.Thisisyournumerator.
3. Findyourdenominator
a. Foreachdigitthatrepeats,placea9inthedenominator.
b. Foreachdigitthatdoesnotrepeat,placea0inthedenominator
4. Simplifyifnecessary

Practice!Changethefollowingrepeatingdecimalstofractionsofequivalentvalue

1. 0.5

2. 0.76

3. 0.52

4. 0.45

5. 0.04

SquareRoots
*Asquarerootisthesidelengthofasquarethatwhenmultipliedbyitselfresultsinthegiven
areaofthesquare.
*Aperfectsquareisanumberthatcanbetheareaofasquarewitharationalorwholenumber
sidelength.
****MEMORIZEYOURPERFECTSQUARESUPTHROUGH15!!!***
*Tofindthesidelengthofasquaregiventhearea,findthesquarerootofthatnumber.
* s2 = A sidesquaredisequivalenttotheareaofasquare
*Nonumbertimesitselfisequivalenttoanegativeinteger,sothesenumbersareimaginary

Practice!Solveeachproblem.

1. 81

2. 36

3. s2 = 64

4. Asquaretablehasanareaof121squareinches.Whatisthelengthofeachside?

CubeRoots
*Acuberootisthesidelengthofacubethatwhenmultipliedbyitselfthreetimestofindthe
givenvolumeofacube
*Aperfectcubeisanumberthatcanbethevolumeofacubewitharationalorintegerside
length.
*Tofindthesidelengthofacubegiventhevolume,findthecuberootofthatnumber.
* s3 = V sidecubedisequivalenttothevolumeofacube
*Tofindthesurfaceareaofacubegiventhevolume
1. Findthecuberootofthenumber

2. Findtheareaofeachsideofthecubebysquaringthelengthoftheside(eachsideisa
square)
3. Multiplythatanswerby6(6facesonacube)
*Tofindthevolumeofacubegiventhesurfacearea
1. Dividethesurfaceareaby6(6facesonacube)
2. Findthesquarerootofthisnumbertofindthelengthofthesideofthecube(eachsideis
asquare)
3. Cubethatnumbertofindthevolumeofthecube
*Tofindthesidelengthofacubegiventhesurfacearea
1. Dividethesurfaceareaby6(6facesonacube)
2. Findthesquarerootofthatnumber(eachsideisasquare)
***Memorizeyourperfectcubesthrough10!***

Practice!Solveeachproblem
1. Acubehasavolumeof512.Whatisthelengthoftheside?

2. Acubehasasurfaceareaof294.Whatisthevolume?

3. Acubehasasurfaceareaof96.Whatisthelengthoftheside?

4. s3 = 8

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tomakesurethatyoucan
apply
yourknowledge,notjustrecallit!

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