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Presley, J., and C. Coble. (2012). Seeking consensus on the essential attributes of quality mathematics and science
teacher preparation programs. APLU/SMTI, Paper No. 6. Washington, DC: Association of Public and Land-grant
Universities.
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Sanders, Mark (2009).STEM, STEM Education, STEM mania, The Technology Teacher, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, pp 20-26.
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Willcuts, Meredith Harris (2009). Scientist-Teacher Partnerships as Professional Development: An Action Research Study,
Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
***
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The impact of teaching "Fractal Geometry" on developing the skills of creative thinking
of secondary school students
Ibrahim Mohamed Qannaf Al-Moaafaa
King Saud University
Abstract: The study aimed to organize and prepare a content of an instructional unit in "Fractal Geometry" and to
investigate its impact on developing the skills of creative thinking of students of secondary school. The study sample cossited
of (34) students of 11th grade of secondary education in Sana'a Governorate. The researcher used the experimental method of
one group with pre- and posttest of skills of creative thinking. This test was prepared by Prof. of educational psychology
"Mohmood Mansi" (Alexandria University). Its stability coefficient was 0.92 and the validity coefficient of its items were in
the range of (0.69 0.92). The collected data were analyzed by applying t-test for two connected samples using SPSS.
The most important results are as following: 1. There are significant differences at the level less than(0.01) between the
means of the scores of the students in the pre-application and post-application of the test of the skills of creative thinking as a
whole, as well as for its components: fluency, flexibility, originality in favour of the post-application of the test. 2. There is a
high educational impact of teaching the experimental unit "Fractal Geometry" on the developing the skills of creative
thinking of the sample of the study. 3. The experimental unit has developed the fluency skills better than the flexibility, while
the development of the originality skills remained at the same level. The researcher recommended the necessity of including
of "Fractal Geometry" teaching mathematics at different educational stages.
Keywords: Fractal Geometry, creative thinking skills, fluency, flexibility, authenticity.
39
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The effect Teaching Space Geometry by using the Program CABRI3D on Geometrical
Thinking and Spatial Visualization among students in the second grade of secondary
school at al Amana Sana'a.
Bakil Ahmed Abdo Al darawani
King Saud University
Abstrac: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of teaching Space Geometry by using CABRI3D Program on
Geometrical Thinking and Spatial Visualization among students in the second grade of secondary school in al Amana' Sana'a. The unit of
space geometry has been reformed using the program and a teacher's guide has been also prepared. A sample consisted of 89 male students
was selected they were randomly assigned tow groups experimental (44) and control (45),the experimental group was taught by using the
Program CABRI3D, whereas the control group was taught the same content by the usual (dominant) method. At the end of the experiment,
the researcher applied a scale on geometrical thinking which was prepared by researcher, the internal consistency of the scale was (0.71), and
Spatial Visualization scale which was developed by Extrom and et all, is used the internal consistency of it was (0.89). The collected data
was analyzed using (ANOVA) and t-test by the statistical package SPSS V15, the results of the analysis were as follows: 1 - There were
statistically significant differences at the level of ( 0.01) between the two averages of scores of the experimental group students and the
control group students in the scale of Geometrical Thinking and in each factor of the Geometrical Thinking (Visualization, Analysis,
Informal Deduction) in the favor of the experimental group, but there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05)
between the two averages of scores of the experimental group students and the control group students in (Formal Deduction level). 2 - There
were statistically significant differences at the level of ( 0.01) between the two averages of scores of the experimental group students and
the control group students in the scale of Spatial Visualization in favor of the experimental group. And the researcher recommends that the
program is to be used in teaching space geometry, teachers should have a knowledge of using the program and a background of Geometrical
Thinking and Spatial Visualization, and similar studies should be conducted.
Keywords: space geometry, geometrical thinking, spatial visualization
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Grade in Medinah
Dr. Jawaher Dhaher M. ALenazi
Taibah University
Abstract: The study aimed at knowing the efficiency of using the social networks in achievement and trending towards the knowledge
society. The problem has been in the question: what is the efficiency of using the social networks in achievement and trending towards the
knowledge society at the female students of Average Third Grade? By using the Quasi-Experimental Approach, the study has been applied to
random sample consisting of (63) female students; (32) for experimental group and (31) for control group. The tools: T test and measurement
for trending towards the knowledge society. The results: -There are differences of statistical significance between the average marks of the
experimental group and the control group in the dimensional achievement for the achievement test for the experimental group. - There are
differences of statistical significance between the average marks of the experimental group and the control group in the dimensional
measurement for the trend towards the knowledge society with its three axes for the experimental group. - There is a statistical significant
between the achievement and trend towards the knowledge society in the dimensional application. The recommend: - Facebook should be
used in teaching all subjects and the groups' service rendered by Facebook should be utilized in establishing competent and professional
groups.
Keywords: Facebook, Achievement, Attitude, Knowledge Society.
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Altalib, H. (2002)''ROI calculations for electronic performance support systems'', Performance Improvement,41(10) 1221
Arnson,D.(1996).Introduction to System Thinking. Available At www.thinking.net/system_thinking/intro_to_st/intro_to_st.html
Barker,Philip, Schaik Paul van and Oladeji Famakinwa(2007)''Building electronic performance support systems for firstyear university students'', Innovations in Education and Teaching International, Vol. 44, No. 3, August 2007, pp.
243255
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_________________________________________________________________________________
The Effectiveness of teaching science using the six thinking hats in achievement and
development of critical thinking of the first grade intermediate female students
Sahar Yahya Ali Mousa
King Khalid University
Abstract: This research aimed at identifying the effectiveness of teaching science using the Six Thinking Hats in achievement and
development of critical thinking of the first year intermediate female students, To achieve this goal, The descriptive-analytical and the
experimental approach were utilized in this research. The pretest-posttest control group design was also adopted, The researcher prepared
two science test (achievement and critical thinking) for randomly sample ,which consisted of (100) first year intermediate female students at
Asir. The results of the study revealed that there were statistically significant differences at level 0.01 between mean scores of the
experimental and the control group subjects favoring the experimental group in the post-test of the achievement and critical thinking tests in
science. In light of the research results, the researcher made some recommendations and suggestions.
Keywords: Six Thinking Hats Achievement - Critical thinking
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viewed 27 November.
Lawton, M. (1997). Hands-on Science Gets a Thumbs up from students. Education Week, p 12.
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Through Professional Development. In, Handbook of research on science education (pp. 335359). Mahwah, NJ:
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Suchman, J.R., 1962. The Elementary School Training Program in Scientific Inquiry, 1st Edn., University of Illinois,
Chicago.
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Teachers Association.
Cantrell, P., & Ewing-Taylor, J. (2009). Exploring STEM career options through collaborative high school seminars. Journal
of Engineering Education, 98 (3), 295-303
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344-350.
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(pp. 43-45).VA: NSTA press
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STEM dots: measuring the effect of an integrated engineering design intervention. International Journal of
Technology and Design Education, 24(1), 107-120. doi: 10.1007/s10798-013-9241-0
Hiong, L & Osman, K. (2013). Incorporation of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) teaching and
learning strategies into biology classroom. Paper presented at the International conference on transnational
collaboration in STEAM education, Sarawak, Malaysia.
http://ojs.lboro.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/DATE/article/view/1591/1515
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Inquiry-Based STEM Professional Development for Elementary Teachers. Journal of Educational Research, 106(2),
157-168. doi: 10.1080/00220671.2012.667014
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October, 2013 From. http://www.nga.org/files/live/sites/NGA/files/pdf/0702INNOVATIONSTEM.PDF
Pajares. M. (1992). Teacher beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of Educational
Research, 62(3): 307-332.
Stohlmann, M., Moore, T. J., McClelland, J., & Roehrig, G. H. (2011). Impressions of a middle grades STEM integration
program. Middle School Journal, 43(1), 32-40.
Vasquez, J., Comer, M., & Sneider, C. (2012). STEM Lesson Essentials, Grades 3-8: Integrating Science technology,
engineering and mathematics. Retrieved on 16/ 12/ 2013 from: http://www.fusd1.org/domain/1346.
Wang, at el. (2011).STEM integration teacher perception and practice. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education
Research(J-PEER) , 1(2), Article 2: 1-13
Wang, H. (2012). A New Era of Science Education: Science Teachers' Perceptions and Classroom Practices of Science,
Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Integration. 3494678 Ph.D., University of Minnesota, Ann
Arbor. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/922637122?accountid=27575 ProQuest Dissertations &
Theses Full Text database.
Wang, H., Moore,T., Roehrig, G & Park, M. (2011). STEM Integration: Teacher perception and practice. Journal of PreCollege Engineering Education Research (J-PEER), 1(2), 1-14.
Williams, J. (2013). Secondary school STEM education: What does look like? Paper presented at the International conference
on transnational collaboration in STEAM education, Sarawak, Malaysia.
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Agyei, D. Douglas & Voogt, J. (2012). Developing technological pedagogical content knowledge in pre-service mathematics
teachers through collaborative design. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 28(4), 547-564.
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Everhart, J. (2009). YouTube in the Science Classroom, Science And Children, 46 (9), Jul 2009, 32-35.
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Parents' Attitudes toward School Mathematics and its relationship to some demographic
variables: A Field study in Riyadh
Dr. Misfer AlSalouli
King Saud University
Abstract: The purpose of this study was an attempt to understand the attitudes of a sample of community members represented by the
parents (fathers and mothers) toward school mathematics and its role in promoting their children attitudes towards mathematics. A
questionnaire prepared to measure the attitudes of the parents. The survey was distributed to a sample of 415 participants from parents in the
City of Riyadh. In general, the parents attitudes were neutral, it was between the positive and the negative attitudes, and the mean was
M=3.35, SD=0.69. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between fathers and mothers in their attitudes.
While the differences were statistically significant found due to the qualification variable, which the positive attitudes associated with high
degree, as well as the type of work that the parents hold. The private sector was more positive attitudes than those who work in the public
sector. Furthermore, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences between parents who assessed themselves high
ability in mathematics in contrast of those who assessed themselves as week in mathematics.
KeyWords: Fathers, Mothers, Children, Attitude, Mathematics.
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Differentiated Instruction Strategy According to the 4Mat Model and the Conceptual
Understanding Development of Eleven Grade Biology Students
Nidhal Shaban Alahmad*, & Amal Yahia ALjuhaimi**
King Saud University*, Ministry of Education**
Abstract: According to the form of developing the conceptual comprehension to high school students in Riyadh, the current study aims
to recognize the effectiveness of differentiated instruction strategy. The quasi-experimental design is used to accomplish this achievement.
The study sample contains from two groups, control group and experimental group, 25 students each. The researcher set up a conceptual
comprehension test to the level of (analysis, synthesis, and evaluation) in order to measure the pre and post performance to both groups.
When the validity and reliability of the tool has been confirmed, the tool was applied to the research groups to make sure that both of them
are equivalent. Also, the experimental group taught by using the differentiated instruction strategy while the other group taught by using the
traditional way of teaching. After the teaching was done, the tools were applied and the data was collected and processed statically. The
study comes up with some important results such as: There is a statistic difference between the average of the experimental group students
marks and the average of the control group students marks that learn through the traditional method in the conceptual comprehension post
test at the level of analysis, synthesis, and evaluation and the statistic test in general. The study provided number of recommendations:
* It has been noticed that the students are welling to develop their conceptual comprehension, so it is recommended to use differentiated
instruction in learning Biology and science subjects in general to increase the fun and the value of the learning. * The right functioning in
using the differentiated instruction strategies that its effect is clarified through presenting selected unit subjects. This is because all developed
curriculums contain from varieties of verbal, athletic and kinesthetic activities that fit in implementing this kind of learning.
Keywords: Differentiated Instruction Strategy, 4Mat Model, Conceptual Understanding, Biology Teaching, High schools' students
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Patricia, Shane, B. (1987). The effect of the 4mat system on achievement and attitude in science, PhD Dissertation, Univ.
Nor. Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Perkins, N (1993).Teaching for Understanding. Retrieved from http://www.Exploratorium.
Tartar E. and Dikici R. (2009). The effect of the 4MAT method (Learning styles and brain hemispheres) of instruction
on achievement in Mathematics. I J Math Edu. Sci. Tech. 40(8): 1027-1036.
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A Comparison between the Third Grade Science Textbook and the Macmillan McGrawHill Sciencein Terms of Science Processes
Nidhal Shaban Alahmad*, & Nada Abdullah Alghanem*
King Saud University*
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the integral and basic science processes included in the science textbook of
McGraw-Hill products for third grade primary education, and to measure the level of the integration into Arabicized version products
developing project of mathematics and natural sciences. The sample of this study consisted of all science processes included in these
textbooks, which are 12 processes. The researchers used an analytical and descriptive approach by using content analysis method; therefore,
she made an analytical card, and used it after making sure of its validity and reliability. The results showed that basic science processes
included explicitly or implicitly in the science textbook for third grade primary education are observing, measurement, classification,
prediction, using numbers, and communication. On the other hand, the integral science processes are making and testing hypotheses, dealing
with varieties, conclusion, data interpretation, sampling, and experimentation. The analysis results showed that the availability level of basic
science processes of Arabicized textbook was medium, observing and measurement processes was high while availability level of other
processes classification, predication, using numbers, and communication was medium. They also showed that availability level of integral
science processes was medium, data interpretation and conclusion processes was high, experimentation and sampling processes was medium,
dealing with varieties was low, and finally making and testing hypotheses was very low. According to the results of the study, a number of
recommendations were made.
Keywords: Science processes, Science textbook, Third grade, Macmillan McGraw-Hill.
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The effect of an induction program of Saudi Science Scholars on the attitudes of the first
grade secondary school students towards science
Nidhal Alahmad*, & Nourah ALodaidan**
King Saud University*, Ministry of Education**
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to identify the impact of Saudi female scientests on the field of science and their
influence on the attitude of the students' scientific future. To achieve the goal of this study, the study used survey to Measure pre- and postModel activities of science and scientific work as well. The treatmen yielded statistical significance differences between the pre and post
responses, for the benefit of post responses. It indicated that the role model activities had impact on student perceptions and choices, and
raised questions that require further investigation.
Keywords: an induction program, Saudi Science Scholars, attitudes towards science.
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Lincoln: Universilty of Nebraska Press.
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Gurer, Denise and Tracy Camp. (2001). Investigating the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline for Women in Computer Science.
National Science Foundation.
Hook, Lisa.(2013). Women Can Solve the STEM Shortage. Retrived on 2/2/2014 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisahook/women-can-solve-the-stem-_b_3567979.html?ncid=edlinkusaolp00000003&ir=Education
Maria Klawe and Nancy Leveson (1995) Women in Computing: Where are we now? Communication of the ACM, January
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The reality of mathematics teachers practices in intermediate school for oral and
reading communication skills mathematical
Noha Abdullah Alnahed, and Dr. Mohammed Abdullah Alnatheer
Ministry of Education*, King Saud University**
Abstract: Mathematical communicating skills are considered one of the most important processes that many Math education
organizations recommend, such as The National Council of teachers of mathematics. the researchers decided to do this research, which
aimed to recognize the reality of mathematics teachers practices in intermediate school for oral and reading communication skills
mathematical. To attain this target, the researchers used the descriptive analytical approach. The sample consisted of (50) middle school
teachers in Riyadh government schools in the school year of 1433-1434. A teacher performance observation card was used. The results
showed that the teachers rarely used teaching practices that developed the students mathematical communicating skills(Oral and
reading).The research concluded by giving some recommendations such as the need to focus on teacher training programs, especially in the
field of mathematical communicating skills.
Keywords: Teaching practices- skills of mathematical communication- Mathematical teachers.
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Berch, Daniel B.(2005): Making Sense of Number Sense: Implications for Children With Mathematical Disabilities, Journal
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The First Excellence Conference in science and mathematics education: STEM - 2015
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670
The activation of both brain hemispheres via the use of the electronic mind maps
in the teaching of science
(Theoretical view)
Wadha Habab Al-Otaibi
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
Abstract: The present paper discusses the subject of activating both brain hemispheres in the teaching of the subject of science using
electronic mind maps. The past few years have witnessed an enormous development in brain research. As a result, there has become a
scientific revolution in the information related to the operations of the human mind. Hence it has demanded that education implements this
scientific revolution in developing the educational process in all its aspects. Mind Maps are considered a type of mental processing
comprising of a series of psychological information which can be acquired, coded, stored and recalled according to the situations apparently
relevant to our daily lives. They can also be used as diagrams to represent words, ideas, tasks, and other elements of connection and
organization. In addition, they are used to generate and view structures; categories ideas; and facilitate studying, reading, organizing,
problem solving, decision making and are also used in the development of visual thinking, as well. The paper recommends the following: 1.
Implementing teaching strategies that aid in activating both hemispheres in the teaching of Science. 2. Training the teachers of Science
before and after the experience of using electronic mind maps in their teaching. 3. Encouraging Science curricular developers to include
educational activities and questions in the content of the subject of science to encourage developing the activation of both hemispheres in the
brain.
Keywords: brain hemispheres, electronic mind maps, science teaching.
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