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, -19
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: /....
........................................................................................................................ 5
1.
.................................................................................................... 6
1.1.
.,. ............................................................... 6
1.1.1.
: ................................................................................ 7
1.1.2.
: ................................................................................................. 7
1.1.3.
: ............................................................................................ 8
1.1.4.
....................................................................................................... 8
1.2.
_..._................................. 9
1.2.1.
: ................................................................................................................. 9
1.2.2.
: ................................................................................ 9
1.2.3.
: ............................................................................................ 9
1.2.4.
..................................................................................................... 10
1.3.
1.3.1.
................................................................................................ 15
1.3.2.
..................................................................................................... 16
1.3.3.
..................................................................................................... 16
1.3.4.
......................................................................................... 16
1.4.
................................ 17
1.4.1.
1.5.
..................................................................................................... 18
.................................................. 23
1.5.1.
X ............ 23
1.5.1.1.
1.5.2.
X_ . 24
1.5.2.1.
2.
................................................................................................. 23
................................................................................................. 25
....................................................................................................................... 27
2.1.
: ........................................................................... 27
2.2.
: ........................................................................... 27
2.3.
; ......................................................................... 27
2.4.
. .................................................................................. 28
2.5.
............................................................................... 29
2.5.1.
..................................................................................... 29
2.5.2.
........................................................................................ 30
2.5.3.
..................................................................................................... 30
2.6.
............................................................................... 37
2.6.1.
............................................................................................. 37
2.6.1.1.
2.6.2.
(Bubblesort) ......................... 37
.............................................................................. 39
2.6.2.1.
........................................................................................ 39
2.6.2.2.
......................................................................................... 40
2.7.
................................................................. 43
2.8.
................................................................................................ 45
2.9.
................................................................................................... 49
2.9.1.
1. .................................................................... 49
2.9.2.
2. ........................................................................ 53
2.9.3.
3 ............................................................................................................. 58
3. - () ...................................................................................................................... 61
3.1.
; ........................................................ 62
3.2.
; .......................................................................................... 62
3.3.
( ) ................................................................. 64
3.3.1.
() ; ..................................................... 66
3.3.2.
; ............................................... 66
3.3.3.
; ....................................................................................... 67
3.3.3.1.
. ................................. 71
3.3.4.
................................................................... 73
3.3.5.
...................................................................................... 75
3.4.
( ) ................................................................ 77
3.4.1.
;.......................................... 78
3.4.1.1.
- ....................................................................... 78
3.4.1.2.
.......................................................................................... 78
3.4.2.
; ....................................... 79
3.4.3.
..................................................................... 82
,
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12
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13
3.
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14
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1. =1 : _ 1
+1.
2. > 0 : 1 2
.
3. < 0 : 2
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15
1.3.2.
1. 3 3
.
2. i 10 5
, i=10>5 >0
3. i 3 0 _ -1
4 .
4. i 10 5 _ -0.5
11 .
5. 5 10 _ -2
, =5<10 <0.
6. 5 10 _ 0
1.3.3.
1.
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3.
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16
1.4.
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2
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17
1.4.1.
1. 1000
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:
1. .
1000 .
2.
.
:
i=2
i = 1000
: , I,
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i 2 1000
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>
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18
x in
,
x in.
2. 1000
:
1.
1000 .
2.
.
:
in
i=2
in
i =1000
in
19
x_Min
: , i, Mx, Min
Mx
Min
Min
Max
2 1000
> Mx
Mx
-
< Min
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20
2.
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in
0
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in
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4. M, 70 '
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v
.
:
1. ... v
70 .
2. 0
.
21
2. v
20 0 , [0,20].
:
Max 0
Min 20
i=1
Mo
Max
Min
i =70
Max
Min
__
:i
: MO, Max, Min
: , _, _
Max 0
Min 20
i 1 70
' .. '
,
> Max
Max
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_
< Min
Min
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22
1.5.
1.5.1. X
1.
<>
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<>
<>
<>
...
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<> ,
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<>
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__
'
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2.
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<>
<>
<>
_
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...
1.5.1.1.
1. .. _
x
x< >0
yx^2
y
x
_
...
23
x
_
x< >0
yx^2
y
x
_
_ x = 0
2. _ ...
_
x
y <-x ^ 2
y
_ x=0
...
x
y <-x ^ 2
y
x<>0
x
y <-x ^ 2
y
_
1.5.2.
X_
1. 1 2 >0
<> 1 2 _
<>
_
<> 1
<> <=2
<>
<> <>+
_
2. 12 <0
<> 1 2 _
<>
_
<> 1
<> >=2
<>
<> <>+
_
_
<> . 1.
24
_
<> 2.
.
_
.
, <> 1.
, ...
1.5.2.1.
1. ... ...
)
i 1
i <=100
i ^ 3
i i+1
_
i 1 10
i ^ 3
_
)
i 10 100 _ 2
i ^ 2
_
i <- 10
i <= 100
i ^ 2
i <- i + 2
_
)
i 1000
i >= 100
i
ii-1
_
i 1000 100 _ -1
i
_
2. ... ....
) i <- 10
i <= 100
i
i <- i+1
_
i 10 100 _ 100
i
_
25
)
i 10
i <= 100
i
ii+2
_
i 10 100 _ 2
i
_
)
i 100
i >=1
i
ii-2
_
i 100 1 _ -2
i
_
26
2.
, .
,
, .
,
, .
, x,
.
:
,
. .
.
.
.
2.1. :
.
2.2. :
,
.
,
.
.
2.3. ;
.
27
2.4. .
<>: _ [ ].
: [20]
: [20]
: 1[20,2]
: 1[5,3]
[20]
20 . .
:
1[20,2]
1 20x2=40 ,
20 2
. .
:
[2]
2,
"".
1.
'
.
1[15,2]
,
15
2 .
1
1.
.
.. [10,2]
28
2.5.
2.5.1.
100 :
1
( )
2
( )
1
2
3
4
...
100
: [100]
i 1 100
[i]
_
...
_
i 1 20
_
100
.
,
'
,
, 100
29
2.5.2.
. :
.. 20 [10,2]
1
1
i 1 100
j 1 2
[i, j]
_
_
2
...
100
,
.
1
1
j 1 2
i 1 100
[i, j]
_
_
2
=
...
100
,
.
,
,
.
.
2.5.3.
1. 30
.
30
30 ,
.
2 30
.
30
30
. 30
.
: [30], i, , sum
:
sum 0
" 30 "
i 1 30
[i]
sum sum + [i]
_
sum/30
" :",
0
i 1 30
[i] <
+1
_
_
" < :",
_
31
2. 4x3,
.
:
1.
2.
3. .
i=1
j= 1
j = 3
i = 4
I=1
J=1
j = 3
i = 4
J=1
I=1
i = 4
j = 3
I=1
J=1
j = 3
i = 4
32
i 1 4
j 1 3
:
[i, j]
_
_
i 1 4
sum_ 0
j 1 3
sum_ sum_ + [i, j]
_
, i, , , sum_
_
j 1 3
sum_ 0
i 1 4
sum_ sum_ + [i, j]
_
, j ,, :,sum_
_
sum 0
i 1 4
j 1 3
sum sum + [i, j]
_
_
:, sum
_
'
, , , ...
'
,
33
3.
, 100
' .
1. 100
2. ,
1 .
:
i=1
[i]
i = 100
Max
x [1]
i=2
x [i]
i = 100
x
x_
: [100], i, x
i 1 100
:
[i]
_
Mx A[1]
i 2 100
[i] > x
x [i]
_
_
,x
_ x_
34
4. 5x3
, .
:
)
)
) .
:
i=1
j=1
[i,j]
j = 3
i = 5
i=1
in [i, 1]
J=2
in [i, j]
j = 3
in
i = 5
j=1
x [1, j]
I=2
x [i, j]
i = 5
x
j = 3
i=1
j=1
[i, j]
j = 3
i = 5
/15
35
Min_Mx_
: [5,3], i, j, x, Min,s um
:
i 1 5
j 1 3
[i, j]
_
_
i 1 5
in A[i, 1]
j 2 3
[i, j] < in
in [i, j]
_
_
, i, =,in
_
j 1 3
x A[1, j]
i 2 5
[i, j]>x
x [i, j]
_
_
, j, =, x
_
sum 0
i 1 5
j 1 3
sum sum + [i, j]
_
_
sum/15
=,
_ Min_Mx_
36
2.6.
, :
.
2.6.1.
.
:
1. ' (. )
2. (. )
.
2.6.1.1.
(Bubblesort)
.
.
1 (' )
: [100], i, j ,K
i 1 100
[i]
_
i 2 100
j 100 i _ -1
[j-1] > A[j]
[j-1]
[j-1] [j]
[j]
_
_
_
37
i 1 100
[i]
_
_ 1
,
, :
[j-1] < A[j]
2
. .
, .
1
: [100], i, j, K
: Flag
i 1 100
[i]
_
Flag
i2
i <= 100 flag =
flag
j 100 i _ -1
[j-1] > A[j]
[j - 1]
[j-1] [j]
[j]
flag
_
_
ii+1
_
i 1 100
[i]
_
_ 1
38
2.6.2.
' .
.
:
1. ,
2.
2.6.2.1.
.
, .
, .
.
1
(key) [100]. (key)
.
"", " ".
1
: [100], I, KEY
i 1 100
[i]
_
i1
[i] <> key i <= 100
i i + 1
_
[i] = key
:, i
_
_ 1
2
(key) [100]. key
.
39
,
" ".
2
: [100], I, KEY
i 1 100
[i]
_
' .
Key
flag
i 1 100
key = [i]
flag
' ', i
_
_
flag =
_
_ 2
,
.
:
.
( n <= 20).
.
2.6.2.2.
- -
.
.
:
.
, <
.
( 1
40
). (
2 ).
.
> .
.
..
.
1
.
_1
: [100], KEY, , ,
i 1 100
[i]
_
' .
Key
1
100
( + ) div 2
<= [] <> Key
Key < []
-1
+ 1
_
( + ) div 2
_
[] = Key
' ',
' '
_
41
_ _1
2
.
_2
: [100], KEY,, ,
i 1 100
[i]
_
' .
Key
1
100
( + ) div 2
<= [] <> Key
Key < []
+ 1
- 1
_
( + ) div 2
_
[] = Key
' ',
' '
_
_ _2
42
2.7.
.
.
:
1
[25] 1
[21] 2
.
.
: [25], [25], ,
1 25
[]
1 21
[]
_
i 1 25
[i] [i]
_
25
i 1 21
[i+] [i]
_
1 46
[]
_
_ 1
2
,
.
.
1.
( ).
43
2.
.
3.
, .
4. , ,
.
2
: [25], [25], ,
1 25
[]
1 21
[]
_
i1
j1
1
i <= 25 j <= 21
[i] < B[j]
[] [i]
ii+1
[] [j]
jj+1
_
2
+1
i>25
l j 21
[] [l]
+1
_
l i 25
[] [l]
+ 1
_
_
1 46
[]
_
_ 2
44
2.8.
,
.
, .
.
..
.
NANOY
2
0
1
1,400
1,150
1,520
10%
20%
16%
...
...
...
...
...
...
6 ,
.
. ,
, , , ,
,
.
1
50 .
.
1.
.
.
2. .
3.
.
4.
.
45
: [50]
: [50], , sum
: i
50
i 1 50
[i], [i]
_
sum 0
i 1 50
>
i 1 50
AN [i] >
[i]
_
_
<
i 1 50
AN [i] <
[i]
_
_
_
2 ( )
,
,
.
.. 50
.
,
.
46
1.
50
2. .
: [50], t2
: [50], t1
: i,j
i 1 50
[i], [i]
_
i 2 50
j 50 i -1
[j] > [j 1]
t1 [j]
[j] MO[j-1]
MO[j-1] t1
t2 [j]
[j] [j - 1]
[j-1] t2
_
_
_
i 1 50
[i], [i]
_
_
3 ( )
().
47
1.
50 .
2. .
3.
.
_
: [50], t2
: [50], t1
: i, j
i 1 50
:
[i], [i]
_
i 2 50
j 50 i _ -1
[j] > [j 1]
t1 [j]
[j] MO[j-1]
MO[j-1] t1
t2 [j]
[j] [j - 1]
[j-1] t2
_
[j]=MO[j-1]
[j] < [j-1]
t2 [j]
[j] [j - 1]
[j - 1] t2
_
_
_
_
i 1 50
[i], [i]
_
_ _
48
2.9.
2.9.1. 1.
, 100 .
:
i. .
ii. 1 100 .
iii. 100 1 .
iv. .
v. .
vi.
.
vii. 10 .
viii.
.
ix. 50
50 ,
" ".
x.
" ".
xi.
.
xii. 42 .
xiii. .
xiv.
.
49
i.
ii.
100 :
i 1 100
[i]
_
i 1 100
[i]
_
iii.
i 100 1 _ -1
[i]
_
iv.
sum 0
i 1 100
sum sum + A[i]
_
:, sum
v.
vi.
[i]
( i mod 2=0)
sum/100
=,
sum 0
sum 0
i 1 100
i mod 2 = 0
sum sum + A[i]
50
vii.
GIN 1
i 1 10
GIN GIN * A[i]
_
10 :,GIN
GIN
/
1,
/.
viii. :
i
100-i+1
100-1+1=100
100-2+1=99
...
....
50
100-50+1=49
ix.
x.
[1], [100]
[2], [99]
[3], [98]
...
[49], [50]
i 1 50
[i]
[i] [100 -i + 1]
[100 i + 1]
_
i 1 100
[i]
_
sum1 0
i 1 50
sum1 sum1 + A[i]
50
_
sum2 0
i 51 100
sum2 sum2 + A[i] 50
_
sum1= sum2
_
flag
i 1 50
A[i] <> A[100 i + 1]
flag
_
_
flag =
_AN
51
xi.
xii.
xiii.
xiv.
0
i 1 100
A[i] <
+1
_
_
:,
i 1 100
A[i] = 42
i
_
_
i 2 100
j 100 i _ -1
[j] > A[j - 1]
[j]
[j] [j-1]
[j-1]
_
_
_
flag
i 100 2 _ -1
A[i] > A[i - 1]
flag
_
_
flag =
_AN
_ _
52
2.9.2. 2.
, 10 x 20 .
:
i.
.
ii.
.
iii.
,
.
iv.
, .
v. ,
_[20].
vi. ,
_[20].
vii. o .
viii. .
ix. 12 .
x. 7 .
xi.
.
xii. .
xiii. ,
.
xiv. .
xv. .
53
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
.
i 1 10
j 1 20
[i, j]
_
_
j 1 20
i 1 10
[i, j]
_
_
i 1 10
j 1 20
[i]
_
_
j 1 20
i 1 10
A[i, j]
_
_
i 1 10
sum 0
j 1 20
sum sum + A[i, j]
_
,i, =,sum
_[i] sum
_
54
vi.
.
vii.
.
viii.
ix.
12.
x.
7.
j 1 20
sum 0
i 1 10
sum sum + A[i, j]
_
, j, =,sum
_[j] sum
_
sum 0
i 1 10
j 1 20
sum sum + A[i, j]
_
_
=, sum
sum/200
=,
x [1,12]
i 2 10
A[i,12] >x
x [i,12]
_
_
12 =,x
Min [7, 1]
j 2 20
A[7, j] < Min
Min [7, j]
_
_
7 =,Min
55
xii.
.
xiii.
xiv.
'
0
i 1 10
j 1 20
A[i, j] >
+1
_
_
_
:
x
i 1 10
j 1 20
x=[i, j]
=, i, j
_
_
_
gr 1 10
i 2 20
j 20 i _ -1
[gr, j] > A[gr, j- 1]
[gr, j]
[gr,j] [gr, j - 1]
[gr, j - 1]
_
_
_
_
xi.
Min A[1, 1]
x A[1, 1]
i 1 10
j 1 20
A[i, j] < Min
Min A[i, j]
_
A[i, j] > Mx
Mx A[i, j]
_
_
_
56
st 1 20
i 2 10
j 10 i _ -1
[j,st]<A[j-1, st]
[j, st]
[j,st] [j - 1, st]
[j - 1, st]
_
_
_
_
_ _
'
xv.
57
2.9.3. 3
5 12 .
5x12
.
:
.
_[5,12]
.
.
. .
.
.
, :
1. ,
.
2.
2
.
3.
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.
4. '
.
58
Min _[1, 1]
Min_i 1
Min_ j 1
x _ [1, 1]
x_i 1
Mx_ j 1
i 1 5
j 1 12
_[i, j] < Min
Min _[i, j]
Min_i i
Min_ j j
_
_[i, j] > Mx
x _ [i, j]
Mx_ i i
Mx_ j j
_
_
_
,Min_ j, ,Min_i,
,Mx_ j, ,Mx_i, '
&
i 1 5
, i
j 1 12
,j
_[i, j]
_
_
i 1 5
sum 0
j 1 12
sum sum + _[i, j]
_
,i, :,sum
_[i] sum
_
59
sum 0
i 1 5
sum sum + _[i]
_
, :,s um
_ _
60
3. -
(-)
.
,
,
.
,
, .
.
,
,
,
.
61
3.1. ;
/.
,
.
...
( ) (
) .
.
1:
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:
1. ().
2. (
).
3. (
).
3.2. ;
1. :
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.
62
2.
3.
4.
5.
.
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(. ),
(
).
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63
3.3. ( )
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.
1 ( 2),
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.
() , ,
.
:
: , , , , temp
' '
,
temp <--
<--
<-- temp
'=', , '=',
' '
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temp <--
<--
<-- temp
'=', , '=',
_
64
;
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() ,
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,
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.
(
).
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65
(.)
temp.
_(, )
:, ,temp
temp <-
<-
<- temp
_ _
3.3.1. () ;
:
<> (< >)
< >
<>
_ (,)
:,,temp
temp <-
<-
<- temp
_ _
3.3.2. ;
,
.
: , , ,
,
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,
_,
,
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66
3.3.3.
;
3, 7, 2, 9
:
1.
2.
3.
4. (
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).
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67
4.
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68
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69
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70
/.
3.3.3.1.
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).
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(-).
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1.
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2.
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71
1 :
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.
: -10,
97
2 2 1
1 .
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_,
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:
: (=-10)
(=97)
1 2(=87)
1 2(=-107)
72
3.3.4.
;
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1. 2
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.
2. , .
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.
3.
.
4. ,
2.
5. 2.
.
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2
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(, , )
2,
_ 2
.
73
(, , )
: ,
:
<- ( + 3 * )/2
()
,
,
()
<0 <- ( - 1) *
74
3.3.5.
_()
_()
,
.
(x)
,
.
,
75
: ,
( ), .
. ..
_() _([100])
.. _()
_([100]).
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.. :[100]
x[100]
.
, x ,
Min Min_
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.
76
3.4. ( )
.
.
<>
:
1.
.
2.
'
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<> (< >): < >
< >
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77
3.4.1. ;
3.4.1.1.
< >
<>
<>
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>) ,
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.
3.4.1.2.
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o
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78
, :
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.
x y
,
x y .
sum
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3.4.2. ;
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,
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,
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79
3.4.3.
. ..
x[100] y[100]
.
_
.
.
1.
_ (x) _ (y).
.
,
. ,
,
.
2. (x)
(y), .
.
3. .
_ .
80
:
_
: x[100], y[100]
1
_ (x)
2
_ (y)
1 :, (x)
2 :, (y)
_ _
_ ()
: [100], i
i 1
100
, i,
[i]
_
_
():
: Min, i, [100]
in [1]
i 2 100
[i] < Min
Min [i]
_
_
Min
_
81