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GN Nitin Rajput
NAVAL ARCHITECTURE
FROM (2010-2014)
S. No.
Topic
Questions
Construction
14
Dry Dock
02
Keel
02
Miscellaneous
12
Rudder
03
Stability
09
06
Tankers
03
Numerical
71
TOTAL
51
GN Nitin Rajput
CONSTRUCTION
Quest: 1
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 5
a) Sketch a transverse section through the hold space of a container ship hull.
b) Referring to the sketch in (a) describe how adequate structural strength is built into the hull.
Quest: 6
a) Draw a simple line diagram of the bow of a ship to show the position of the following component
parts of the ships anchoring system: Hawse pipe, Cable stopper, Windlass and Cable lifter, Spurling
pipe and Chain locker.
b) Describe the cable stopper and state its purpose.
c) Show by means of a sketch how the anchor cable is attached to the ship.
d) Describe how the chain locker is drained of water, sand and mud.
Quest: 7
Describe the double bottom and framing arrangement used in the machinery space to cope up with the
concentrated loads and vibration, together with shaft and thrust block support. Give reasons for the choice of
thrust block position.
Quest: 8
a) Discuss the need for adequate support of engine room gantry cranes, detailing the following:
i. Sketch section through the engine room casing showing how the crane is supported by the ship
structure.
ii. State what restricts the forward and aft limits of the crane and what is fitted to prevent the crane
damaging the forward and aft bulkheads or casing.
b) State the Second Engineers responsibility for the engine room gantry crane.
Quest: 9
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 10
Describe a forced ventilation system for the machinery spaces and a natural ventilation system for a lower
hold. Why hold ventilation is considered necessary?
Quest: 11
Give a reasoned opinion as to the validity of the following assertions concerning ship structure:
a) Crack propagation in propeller shaft A brackets or spectacle frames is indicative of inadequate
scantlings and strength.
b) The adequate provision of deck scuppers and freeing ports is as critical to seaworthiness as
watertight integrity.
Quest: 12
Describe the following parts of a vessel and state the purposes for which they are fitted. Illustrate by means
of sketches.
a) Cant frames
b) Transom floor
c) Panting beams
d) Panting stringer
Quest: 13
Define five of the following, starting how they affect the ship structure and what component part of the ship
structure help to resist their effect:
a) Racking
b) Water pressure effect
c) Panting
d) Pounding
e) Local weights
f) Vibration from engine and propellers
Quest: 14
Sketch and describe the construction of collision bulkhead of a large tanker. Include principal dimensions in
the sketch.
5
GN Nitin Rajput
DRYDOCK
Quest: 1
With reference to dry docking define the responsibility of the 2nd engineer and instructions for Junior
Engineer:
a) Prior to docking
b) Whilst the vessel is in DRYDOCK
c) Prior to flooding and leaving the dock
d) Between leaving the dock and full ahead of main propulsion
Quest: 2
GN Nitin Rajput
KEEL
Quest: 1
a) With the aid of a sketch describe the method of attachment for a bilge keel and hence explain what
protection is made to reduce the possibility of the shell being punctured in the event of damage to the
keel.
b) State why the keel does not extend for the length of ship.
c) Evaluate the effectiveness of bilge keels for large wall sided vessels.
GN Nitin Rajput
MISCELLANEOUS
Quest: 1
State how and why the following machinery items are affected when the maximum service speed of a
Vessel is consistently maintained in heavy weather.
a) Intermediate shafting
b) Propeller shafting
c) Shafting coupling bolts
d) Main thrust pads
Quest: 2
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 4
a) State, with reasons, the locality and extent of damage, which may be sustained by the hull structure
of a ship being driven hard through heavy seas.
b) Describe how the damage stated in (a) may be repaired.
Quest: 8
If a ship is seriously damaged under water in way of a large fuel oil side bunker tank what is the immediate
effect and what may ultimately happen? What features in the ship would enhance safety?
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 9
a) With reference to fatigue of hull structures explain in the influence of stress level and cyclical
frequency on expected operating life.
b) Explain the influence of material defects on the safe operating life of forged components of stern
fittings.
Quest: 10
Discuss the importance of the following to be examined for meeting EEDI limitations:a) Slimmer vessels with lower block coefficients
b) Long-stroke engines
c) Low revolution large diameter propellers
Quest: 11
During routine soundings it is found that leakage into a cofferdam is occurring from an adjacent deep cargo
oil tank. As Second Engineer state the procedure for directing safe entry by the engine room staff to
ascertain the cause of the leakage.
If the leakage persists discuss EACH of the following options as a possible remedy:
i. Leave the cofferdam to flood with oil
ii. Flood the cofferdam with sea water
iii. Seal the Cofferdam and pressurize with air
iv. Pump the leakage to bunker tanks.
Quest: 12
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GN Nitin Rajput
RUDDER
Quest: 1
A rudder (or palm of the rudder) of vessel requires extensive welding repairs and as Second Engineer/Chief
Engineer you are requested to supervise:
a) Suggest a suitable type of welding process.
b) State, with reasons, FOUR common welding defects.
c) State what tests may be carried out before returning the rudder to service.
Quest: 2
a) Explain how the flow of water around the propeller can result in inducing vibration?
b) What are the possible options to reduce the effects?
Quest: 3
a) Sketch a bearing designed to transfer the full weight of the rudder to the ships structure.
b) Describe the consequences if the rudder carrier hearing surfaces become heavily scored.
c) Describe the consequences of and the action to be taken, if the carrier shatters.
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GN Nitin Rajput
STABILITY
Quest: 1
Describe the general precautions to be taken against capsizing. State the recommended criteria for passenger
and cargo ships.
Quest: 5
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 6
The value of the maximum righting arm is dependent upon the position of the centre of buoyancy and the:
a) Longitudinal centre of gravity
b) Transverse centre of gravity
c) Down flooding angle
d) Vertical location of the centre of gravity
Deduce the relation of the option you have selected with reference to the value of maximum righting
arm.
Quest: 7
A ballast tank is one-third full when additional ballast is added until it is two-thirds full. The increased
amount of liquid in the tank will have the greatest influence on _________________.
a) Free surface effect
b) Transverse stability
c) Virtual rise in the centre of gravity
d) Value of the moment to trim 1 inch (MTI)
Give detailed explanations stating why the other options were not considered.
Quest: 8
Describe the effect on GM of rolling and how bilge keels, anti-rolling tanks and stabilizer fins reduce the
amplitude of rolling.
Quest: 9
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GN Nitin Rajput
a) Describe the safety precautions which are taken when using paints.
b) Describe the use of self-polishing anti-fouling paint, and the proposed banning of tributyltin (TBT)
Quest: 4
Describe the in-water survey to classification society requirements of the external underwater structure of a
very large crude carrier.
Quest: 5
Describe the preparation necessary before the application (in dry dock) of sophisticated or approved long
life coating to the underwater surface of the hull.
a) State the significance of the roughness profile.
b) List the different sophisticated coatings which are available.
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 6
TANKERS
Quest: 1
With reference to membrane tanks for the carriage of liquefied gas at very low temperatures:
a) Describe with a sketch ONE method of building up the insulation;
b) State which alloy is used for the membrane and the reason;
c) Explain why a secondary barrier is installed.
i. Longitudinally
ii. Transversely
Quest: 2
With regard to the carriage of crude oil and its associated products:
a) i. Sketch and describe the operation of an explosimeter suitable for testing pump rooms or tanks.
ii. State why false readings are likely to be given by the explosimeter.
iii. State the dangers involved.
b) State the publication that gives guidance on safety.
c) Define the terms lower and upper flammable limits illustrating your answer by means of a rough
sketch of a hydrocarbon vapour oxygen graph.
Quest: 3
a) Describe briefly the tank system in liquefied natural gas (LNG) vessel.
b) Explain how the boil off from liquefied natural gas is handled.
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GN Nitin Rajput
NUMERICALS
Quest: 1
a) Explain the considerations which govern the size and shape of a rudder.
b) Explain why the rudder angle does not normally exceed 35o.
c) What factors influence the frictional resistance of a ship and what formula is used to calculate their
resistance?
d) A ship of 12000 tonne displacement has a rudder 15 m2 in area, whose centre is 5 m below the
waterline. The metacentric height of the ship is 0.3 m and the centre of buoyancy is 3.3 m below the
waterline. When travelling at 20 knots the rudder is turned through 30o. Find the initial angle of heel
if the force Fn perpendicular to the plane of the rudder is given by:
Fn = 577 Av2 sin N
Allow 20% for the race effect.
Quest: 2
a) Why is it important in a tender ship to keep the double bottom tanks pressed up?
b) A ship of 6000 tonne displacement has a wetted surface area of 2500 m2 and a speed of 15 knots.
i. Calculate the corresponding speed and wetted surface area of as similar ship of 2000 tonne
displacement.
ii. If the skin resistance is of the form R=0.45 S V1.83 N; find the resistance of the 6000 tonne Ship.
Quest: 3
a) Explain how to distinguish between list and loll and describe how to return the ship to the upright in
each case.
b) Describe briefly the significance of the factor of subdivision.
c) A ship 120m long has a light displacement of 4000 tonne and LCG in this condition 2.5m aft of
midships.
The following items are then added:
Cargo
10000 tonne LCG 3.0 m forward of midships
Fuel
1500 tonne
LCG 2.0 m aft of midships
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GN Nitin Rajput
Water
400 tonne
LCG 8.0 m aft of midships
Stores
100 tonne
LCT 10.0m forward of midships
Using the following hydrostatic data, calculate the fine draughts:
Draught (m)
8.50
8.00
Displacement
(t)
16650
15350
MCTI cm (tm)
183
175
1.94 F
2.10 F
1.20A
0.60F
Quest: 4
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 7
a) Describe how water tightness is maintained where bulkheads are pierced by longitudinal beams or
pipes.
b) A triangular bulkhead is 7 m wide at the top and has a vertical depth of 8 m. Calculate the load on
the bulkhead and the position of centre of pressure if the bulkhead is flooded with sea water on only
side:
i To the top edge
ii With 4 m head to the top edge
Quest: 8
a) Describe how the distribution of mass within the ship affects the rolling period.
b) Describe the general precaution to be taken against capsizing.
c) The righting moments of a ship at angles of heel of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 are 0, 1690, 5430, 9360
and 9140 kNm respectively. Calculate the dynamical stability at 60.
Quest: 9
a) List the main factors which affect the rolling period of a vessel.
b) A box-shaped vessel is 20 m long and 10 m wide. The weight of the vessel is uniformly distributed
throughout the length and the draught is 2.5 m. The vessel contains ten evenly spaced double bottom
tanks, each having a depth of 1m.
Draw the shear force diagrams:
a) With No.1 and No.10 tanks filled
b) With No.3 and No.8 tanks filled
c) With No.5 and No.6 tanks filled.
Which ballast condition is to be preferred from the point of view of strength?
Quest: 10
a) Describe the procedure for speed, power and fuel consumption trials.
b) List the variables which affect the force on a rudder.
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GN Nitin Rajput
c) A propeller of 4m pitch has an efficiency of 67%. When turning at 125 rev/min the real slip is 36%
and the delivered power 2800 kW. Calculate the thrust of the propeller.
Quest: 11
a) What is the effect on fuel consumption per unit time, if the ships speed is outside its operating
range?
b) The frictional resistance of a ship in fresh water at 3 m/s is 11 N/m2. The ship has a wetted surface
area of 2500 m2 and the frictional resistance is 72% of the total resistance and varies as speed1.92. If
the effective power is 1100 kW, calculate the speed of the ship.
Quest: 12
19
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 15
a) Explain the term angle of loll and state what, if any, dangers it poses to a vessel.
b) Describe the factors to consider in order to determine whether a list is due to a negative GM or to
uneven distribution of masses in a ship.
c) A ship whose length is 110 m has MCTI cm 55 tonne m: TCP 9, LCF 1.5 m forward of midships and
floats at draughts of 4.20 m forward and 4.45 m aft.
Calculate the new draughts after the following masses have been added
20 tonne 40 m aft of midships
50 tonne 23 m aft of midships
30 tonne 02 m aft of midships
70 tonne 06 m forward of midships
15 tonne 30 m forward of midships
Quest: 17
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 19
a) Explain why the GM must remain positive until the critical instant at which the ship takes the blocks
overall.
b) What is form stability and weight stability.
b) A ship of 5000 tonnes displacement enters a drydock trimmed 0.45 m by the stern. KM=7.5m,
KG=6.0 m. MCTC=120 tonnes-m. The centre of flotation is 60 m from aft. Find the effective
metacentric height at the critical instant before the ship takes the blocks overall, assuming that the
transverse metacenter rises 0.075 m.
Quest: 22
a) Distinguish between ships of Type A and Type B for the purpose of computation of free board.
b) The draughts of a ship 170 m long are 6.85 m forward and 7.50 m aft. MCTI cm 300 tonne m, TPC
28, LCF 3.5 m, forward of midships.
Calculate the new draughts after the following changes in loading have taken place.
160 tonne added 63 m aft of midships
200 tonne added 27 m forward of midships
120 tonne removed 75 m aft of midships
70 tonne removed 16 m aft of midships
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 23
a) State why for dry-docking, a ship should have adequate initial metacentric height, be upright and
have a small or moderate trim, normally by the stern.
b) What do you understand by reserve buoyancy? What will happen if the lost buoyancy is greater than
the reserve buoyancy?
c) Explain why the amplitude of ship motion should be limited.
d) A ship of 8100 tonne displacement floats upright in seawater. KG=7.5 m and GM=0.45 m. A tank,
whose centre of gravity is 0.5 m above the keel and 4 m from the centerline, contains 100 tonne of
water ballast. Neglecting free surface effect, calculate the angle of heel when the ballast is pumped
out.
Quest: 24
A box-shaped pontoon is 36 metres long, 4 metres wide and floats in salt water at drafts F-2.00 m , A-4.00
m. Find the new drafts if the pontoon now passes into fresh water.
Quest: 26
The breadth of the upper edge of a deep tank bulkhead is 12 metres. The vertical heights of the bulkhead at
equidistant intervals across it are 0, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3 and 0 meters respectively. Find the depth of the centre of
pressure below the waterline when the tank is filled to a head of 2 metres above the top of the tank.
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 27
A propeller has a pitch ratio of 0.95. When turning at 120 rev/min the real slip is 30%, the wake fraction
0.28 and the ship speed 16 knots. The thrust is found to be 400 kN, the torque 270 kNm and the QPC 0.67.
Calculate:
a) The propeller diameter
b) The shaft power
c) The propeller efficiency
d) The thrust deduction factor
Quest: 28
Quest: 29
a) Describe how the force on the ships bottom and the GM vary when grounding takes place.
b) A ship of 8,000 tonnes displacement takes the ground on a sand bank on a falling tide at an even keel
draft of 5.2 metres. KG 4.0 metres. The predicted depth of water over the sand bank at the following
low water is 3.2 metres. Calculate the GM at this time assuming that the KM will then be 5.0 metres
and that mean TPC is 15 tonne.
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 30
a) With reference to dynamical stability, describe the effect of an increase in wind pressure when a
vessel is at its maximum angle of roll to windward.
b) A ship of 15000 tonne displacement has righting levers of 0, 0.38, 1.0, 1.41 and 1.2 m at angles of
hell of 0o, 15o, 30o, 45o and 60o respectively and an assumed KG of 7.0 m. The vessel is loaded to
this displacement but the KG is found to be 6.80m and GM 1.5 m.
i. Draw the amended stability curve.
ii. Estimate the dynamic stability at 60o.
Quest: 32
a) Explain how wave profile affects the shear-force and bending moment curves.
b) A ship 125 m long displaces 12000 tonne. When a mass of 100 tonne is moved 75 m from forward
to aft there is a change in trim of 65 cm by stern. Calculate:
i MCT 1 cm
ii The longitudinal metacentric height
iii The distance moved by the centre of gravity of the ship
Quest: 33
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 34
a) Describe with sketches the arrangement of a power operator sliding water tight door.
b) A watertight bulkhead 7.5 m high has vertical stiffeners 0.75 m apart, connected at the bottom by
brackets having 10 rivets 20 mm diameter in each arm. The bulkhead is flooded to the top on one
side only with seawater. Calculate:
i. Shearing forces at top and bottom
ii. Position of zero shear
iii. Shear stress in the rivets
Draw the load and shearing force diagram
Quest: 35
A ship of 9,900 tonnes displacement has KM = 7.3 m and KG = 6.4 m. She has yet to load two 50 tonne lifts
with her own gear and the first lift is to be placed on deck on the inshore side (KG 9 m and centre of gravity
6m out from the centre line). When the derrick plumbs the quay its head is 15 m above the keel and 12 m
out from the centre line. Calculate the maximum list during operation.
Quest: 36
25
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 38
a) What do you understand by reserve buoyancy what happen if the lost buoyancy is greater than the
reserve buoyancy?
b) A forward deep tank 12 m long extends from a longitudinal bulkhead to the ships side. The widths
of the tank surface measured from the longitudinal bulkhead at regular intervals are 10, 9, 7, 4 and 1
m. Calculate the second moment of area of the tank surface about a longitudinal axis passing through
its centroid.
Quest: 40
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 41
The following data are available from the hydrostatic curves of a vessel:
Draught
KB
KM
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m4)
4.9
2.49
10.73
65.250
5.2
2.61
10.79
68.860
Calculate the TPC at a draught of 5.05 m.
Quest: 42
An oil tanker 160 m long and 22 m beam floats at a draught of 9 m in seawater. Cw is 0.865. The midship
section is in the form of a rectangle with 1.2 m radius at the bilges. A midship tank 10.5 m long has twin
longitudinal bulkheads and contains oil of 1.4 m3/t to a depth of 11.5 m. The tank is holed to the sea for the
whole of its transverse section. Find the new draught.
Quest: 44
a) Explain how to distinguish between list and loll and describe how to return the ship to the upright in
each case.
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GN Nitin Rajput
b) Explain the effect of bilging a centreline compartment located away from amidships.
c) A ship of 5000 tonne displacement has a double bottom tank 12 m long. The breadths of the top of
the tank are 5.4 and 2 m respectively. The tank has a watertight centreline division. Calculate the
free surface effect if the tank is partially full of fresh water on one side only.
Quest: 46
a) Describe measures which may be taken to improve the stability or trim of a damaged ship.
b) A ship 85 m long displaces 8100 tonne when floating in seawater at draughts of 5.25 m forward and
5.55 m aft. TPC 9.0, GML 96 m, LCF 2 m aft of midships. It is decided to introduce water ballast to
completely submerge the propeller and a draught aft of 5.85 m is required. A ballast tank 33 m aft of
midships is available. Find the least amount of water required and the final draught forward.
Quest: 47
a) Explain how trim occurs, and how explain the effect of trim on tank soundings.
b) A ship of 150 metres long arrives at the mouth of a river with drafts 5.5 m. F and 6.3 m A. MCT 1
cm. 200 tonnes-m. TPC 15 tonnes. Centre of floatation is 1.5 m aft of amidships. The ship has then
to proceed up the river where the maximum draft permissible is 6.2 m. It is decided that SW ballast
will be run into the forepeak tank to reduce the draft aft to 6.2 m. If the centre of gravity of the
forepeak tank is 60 metres forward of the center of flotation, find the minimum amount of water
which must be run in and also find the final draft forward.
Quest: 49
A vessel of 12000 tonne displacement has a length along the load water line of 140 m. The waterline lengths
at 1 m interval of draught below this are 139, 138, 136.5, 134.5, 132 and 129 respectively. If the centre of
lateral resistance is at the centroid of this immersed area calculate the angle to which the ship will heel due
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GN Nitin Rajput
to centrifugal force when the vessel turns in a circle of 400 m diameter when travelling at 16 knots with KG
5 m and GM 0.4 m.
Quest: 50
A box barge 60 m long and 10 m wide floats at a level keel draught of 3 m. Its centre of gravity is 2.5 m
above the keel. Determine the end draughts if an empty, fore end compartment 9 m long is laid open to the
sea.
Quest: 51
A propeller has pitch of 4.57 m. At 100 rev/min the real slip is 20% and wake speed is 1 knots. Calculate the
apparent slip percentage.
Quest: 52
a) Explain the effect on stability when a tank is partially filled with liquid.
b) A ship of 11200 tonne displacement has a double bottom tank containing oil, whose centre of gravity
is 16.5 m forward and 6.6 m below the centre of gravity of the ship. When the oil is used the ships
centre of gravity moves 380 mm. Calculate:
i. The mass of oil used
ii. The angle, which the centre of gravity moves relative to the horizontal
Quest: 54
a) Explain why the bilging of empty double bottom tanks that are wholly below the waterline leads to
an increase in GM.
b) The immersed cross sectional areas of a ship 120 m long, commencing from aft are 2, 40, 79, 100,
103, 104, 103, 97, 58 and 0 m2. Calculate:
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GN Nitin Rajput
i. Displacement
ii. Longitudinal position of the centre of buoyancy
Quest: 55
The end bulkhead of the wing tank of an oil tanker has the following widths at 3 m intervals, commencing at
the deck: 6.0, 6.0, 5.3, 3.6 and 0.6 m. Calculate the load on the bulkhead and the position of the centre of
pressure if the tank is full of oil rd 0.8.
Quest: 56
a) Describe briefly the inclining experiment and explain how the results are used.
b) A ship of 8500 tonne displacement has a double bottom tank 11 m wide extending for the full
breadth of the ship, having a free surface of seawater. If the apparent loss in metacentric height due
to slack water is 14 cm, find the length of the tank.
Quest: 57
A ship 160 m long and 8700 tonne displacement floats at waterline with
Station
AP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
FP
ordinate
0
2.4
5.0
7.3
7.9
8.0
8.0
7.7
5.5
2.8
0m
While floating at this waterline, the ship develops a list of 10o due to instability. Calculate the negative
metacentric height when the vessel is upright in this condition.
Quest: 58
The daily fuel consumption of a ship at 17 knots is 42 tonne. Calculate the speed of the ship if the
consumption is reduced to 28 tonne per day, and the specific consumption at the reduced speed is 18% more
than at 17 knots.
Quest: 59
a) Describe the procedure for speed, power and fuel consumption trials.
b) An oil tanker has LBP 142 m, beam 18.8 m and draught 8 m. It displaces 17000 tonnes in sea water
of 1.025 t/m3. The face pitch ratio of the propeller is 0.673 and the diameter 4.8 m. The results of the
speed trial show that the true slip may be regarded as constant over a range of speed of 9 to 12 knots
and is 35%. The wake fraction may be calculated from the equation:
w=0.5Cb-0.05
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GN Nitin Rajput
If the vessel uses 20 tonne of fuel per day at 12 knots, and the consumption varies as (speed)3 find
the consumption per day at 100 rev/min
Quest: 60
a) State what is meant by floodable length illustrating your answer by drawing a typical curve of
floodable length of a ship.
b) A vessel has a maximum allowable draught of 8.5 m in fresh water and 8.25 m in sea water of 1.026
t/m3, the
TPC in the sea water being 27.5. The vessel is loaded in river water of 1.012 t/m3 to
draught of 8.44 m. If it now moves into sea water, is it necessary to pump out any ballast and if so,
how much?
Quest: 63
31
17
18
4700
5640
0.72
0.71
3500 kW. The transmission efficiency is
GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 64
a) Explain why the bilging of empty double bottom tanks below the water line leads to an increase in
GM.
b) A ship of 10,000 tonnes displacement has GM=0.5 meters. The period of roll in still water is 20
seconds. Find the new period of roll if a mass of 50 tonnes is discharged from a position 14 meters
above the centre of gravity.
Quest: 66
A box shaped barge of uniform construction is 32 metres long and displaces 352 tonnes when empty, is
divided by transverse bulkheads into four equal compartments. Cargo is loaded into each compartment and
level stowed as follows:
No.1 hold - 192 tonnes
No.2 hold - 124 tonnes
No.3 hold - 272 tonnes
No.4 hold - 176 tonnes
Construct load and shearing force diagram, before calculating the bending moments at the bulkheads and at
the position of maximum value, hence draw the bending moment diagram.
Quest: 67
A ship 75 m long has semi ordinates at the load water plane commencing from forward as follows:
0,1,2,4,5,5,5,4,3,2 and 0 meters respectively.
The spacing between the first three semi-ordinates and the last three semi ordinates is half of that between
the other semi-ordinates. Find the position of the Centre of Floatation relative to amidships.
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GN Nitin Rajput
Quest: 68
A ship of 3,000 tonnes displacement 100 m long has KM=6m, KG=5.5m. The centre of floatation is 2m aft
of amidships. MCTC=40 tonnes-m. Find the maximum trim for the ship to enter a dry dock if the
metacentric height at the critical instant before the ship takes the blocks forwarded and aft is to be not less
than 0.3m.
Quest: 69
a) How the distribution of mass within the ship affects the rolling period?
a) A ship of 14000 tonne displacement is 125 m long and floats at draughts of 7.9 m forward and 8.5 m
aft. The TPC is 19, GML 120 m and LCF 3 m forward of midships. It is required to bring the vessel
to an even keel draught of 8.5m. Calculate the mass which should be added and the distance of the
distance of the centre of the mass from midships.
Quest: 70
a) Describe the procedure for speed, power and fuel consumption trials.
b) A ship of 15000 tonne displacement has an admiralty Coefficient, based on shaft power of 420. The
mechanical efficiency of the machinery is 83%, shaft losses 6% propeller efficiency 65% and QPC
0.71. At a particular speed the thrust power is 2550 kW. Calculate:
i. Indicated power
ii. Effective power
iii. Ship speed
Quest: 71
a) Describe the factors to consider in order determining whether a list is due to a negative GM or to
uneven distribution of masses in a ship.
b) A vessel of 8000 tonne displacement has 75 tonne of cargo on the deck. It is lifted by a derrick
whose head is 10.5 m above the centre of gravity of the cargo, and placed in the lower hold 9 m
below the deck and 14 m forwarded of its original position. Calculate the shift in the vessels centre
of gravity from its original position when the cargo is:
i. Just clear of the deck
ii. At the derrick head
iii. In its final position
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