TYPES

OF

FOUNDA

BINAYAK D PUJARI
A.B.C.M.
4TH YEAR B.ARCH / B
2012/105

TYPES OF FOUNDATION
DEEP FOUNDATION

SHALLOW FOUNDATION

TRAPEZOIDAL FOUNDATION

PILE FOUNDATION

STRIP FOUNDATION

SHAFT FOUNDATION

ISOLATED FOUNDATION

BUOYANCY RAFTS FOUNDA

COMBINED FOUNDATION

STEP FOUNDATION

RAFT FOUNDATION

SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

STRIP FOUNDATION

RAFT FOUNDATION

ISOLATED FOUNDATION

COMBINED FOUNDATION

TRAPEZOIDAL FOUNDATION

DEEP FOUNDATIONS
PILE FOUNDATION
DESIGN

TECHNICAL ASPECT

MATERIALS

TWO PILE

END BEARING

TIMBER

THREE PILE

FRICTION PILE

R.C.C

FOUR PILE

SHEET PILE

STEEL

SIX PILE

BATTER PILE
ANCHOR PILE
FENDER PILE

DESIGN

TWO PILE

FOUR PILE

THREE PILE

SIX PILE

TECHNICAL

SHEET PILE
END BEARING PILE

FRICTION PILE

ANCHOR PILE, FENDER PILE

MATERIALS

TIMBER PILE

R.C.C. PILE

RAFT FOUNDATION :
Raft foundation is a thick concrete slab reinforced with steel
which covers the entire contact area of the structure like a thick
floor. Sometimes area covered by raft may be greater than the
contact area depending on the bearing capacity of the soil
underneath. The reinforcing bars runs normal to each other in
both top and bottom layers of steel reinforcement.
Raft foundation is required where soils have low bearing capacity
and have to support heavy structural loads.
Normally structures on marshy land, soft clay and land that are
made up of sanitary land fill or other materials (like debris,
unconsolidated soil and solid waste etc. where differential
settlement is suspected)-require raft foundation. Raft foundations
are preferred in the soil that are suspected to subsidence.
Subsidence may occur from different sources like change in
ground water level due to climatic change specially in case
expansive soil or foundation in mining area.

TYPES OF RAFT FOUNDATION

CELLULAR

SOLID RAFT

BEAM AND SLAB

Advantages of Raft Foundation

It has many advantages as well as disadvantages. The
advantages of raft foundation are as follows:
-Raft or mat foundation is economic due to combination of
foundation and floorslab.
-It requires little excavation.
-It can cope with mixed or poor ground condition.
-It reduces differential settlement.

Disadvantages of Raft Foundation

It has some disadvantages also. The disadvantages of raft
foundation include the following:
-Mat foundation requires specific treatment for point loads.
-Edge erosion occurs if not treated properly.