How does this

capability
affect power of
a state?

Examples

Exceptions

Long term/ Tangible/ Hard

Short term Intangilbe power/Soft
power

GDP

Global
economies are
interconnected.
A strong
economy has
the potential to
influence others
through
economic
carrots and
sticks.

Money is
fungible. State
can use its
strong economy
to support other
capabilities.
South Korea
invested on its
cultural
influence.

2012!
An armed
Islamic
faction
attacked US
consulate as
a result of
the conflict in
2011

Long term

Tangible

Hard power

Population

The potential for

the demand/
desire to be
recognized

The
representative
system in the
House of
Representatives
of the United
States

Long term!

Tangible!

Hard power

Territory

Potential to have
more abundant
natural resource

Long term!

Tangible!

Hard power

Geography

Potential to have
more abundant
natural resource

Long term!

Tangible!

Hard power

Natural
resources

Potential to
strong economy

Long term!

Tangible!

Hard power

Long term!

Intangible!

Hard power

Quality and The capability of

efficiency of a state to
bureaucracy transform
elements of
power into
influence

-Iraq in 1990!
-Japan in 1941

Political
culture

Political culture
that results in a
stable society is
likely to be
trusted

Long term

Intangible!

Hard power

Education
of citizens

Potential of
having a or a
group of strong,
powerful
leader(s)

Long term

Intangible

Hard power

Patriotism

The ability to
shape how
people in the
state think about
national affairs

Long term

Intangible!

Hard power

Nationalism
became a
determining
factor during
World War I

How does this

capability
affect power of
a state?

Examples

Exceptions

Power of
ideas

The ability to
shape how
others perceive
the state

Korean pop
music affected
how people
from outside
Korea perceive
Korean culture
and ideas

Long term

Intangible!

Soft power

Scientific/
Technology
base

Ability of a state
to utilize
technology
(especially the
Internet) to
strengthen its
influence within
the country or
internationally. It
can also be an
confirmation of a
states economic
and other
capabilities.

Space race
between the US
and the USSR
during the Cold
War

Long term

Intangible!

Hard power

Long term

Intangible!

Hard power

Short term

Tangible!

Hard power

Short term

Intangible!

Hard power

Credibility
Likeliness to be
among
trusted and
fellow states obtain the result
wanted from
other actors
Military

Potential stick
to be used to
derive result
wanted form
others or ability
to obtain the
result by direct
force

Support/
Legitimacy

Authorization
from a more
powerful
organisation

1941!
Japan had the
ability to drive
out US forces
and occupy
Southeast Asian
territories

2012!
An armed
Islamic
faction
attacked US
consulate as
a result of
the conflict in
2011

Long term/ Tangible/ Hard

Short term Intangilbe power/Soft
power