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Homework

Aplied Fem in Abaqus

Student: Erald Shuli (ID 108013239258)


T. Arriessa Sukhairi (ID 108013235855)

Static Analysis of 3D Bridge

Problem Description
The three-dimensional bridge structure are simply supported at its left and right side corners
and with two beams 5 m from each side of the bridge. The structure is composed of steel boxsections and pipe-sections with (E = 210 GPa, = 0.3) oriented as shown below. A uniform
distributed load of 100 N/m is applied to the lower horizontal members in the vertical
downward direction.

Determine the stresses and the vertical displacements.


Analysis Step
1. Start Abaqus and Create new model database.

2. Creating Part:

a. Arc element
i. Click Parts
ii. Set Name arc.
iii. Select 3D Planar, deformable, wire.
iv. Set Approximate size = 100.
v. Select create arc.
vi. Enter the Point.

b. Truss Elements :
i. Click Parts
ii. Set Name Bridge
iii. Select 3D Planar, deformable, wire
iv. Set Approximate size = 100
v. Select create Lines
vi. Select linear Patterns

c. Connector 1 Elements :
i. Click Parts
ii. Set Name Connector 1
iii. Select 3D Planar, deformable, wire
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iv. Set Approximate size = 100


v. Select create Lines
d. Connector 2 Elements :
i. Click Parts
ii. Set Name Connector 2
iii. Select 3D Planar, deformable, wire
iv. Set Approximate size = 100
v. Select create Lines
e. PipeBeam Elements :
i. Click Parts
ii. Set Name PipeBeam
iii. Select 3D Planar, deformable, wire
iv. Set Approximate size = 100
v. Select create Lines

3. Material
a. In this case we use the material S235
i. Name the material Steel
ii. Click Mechanical -> Elasticity -> Elastic
iii. Insert the properties 2.1e11 for Youngs Modulus and 0.3 for Poissons
Ratio.

4. Then, defining and assigning section properties for the bridge. In this case we define 4
cross section and 3 profiles.
a. To make the section we need to define the profiles of the sections:
i. First profile :
1. The Name of the profile is RectBeam.
2. Shape Box.
3. Continue
4. a = 0.08 ; b = 0.12 ; Uniform ; Thickness = 0.005.
5. OK

ii. Second profile :


1. The Name of the profile is PipeBeam1.
2. Shape pipe.
3. Continue
4. Thin walled ; radius = 0.12 ; Thickness = 0.005.
5. OK
iii. Third profile :
1. The Name of the profile is PipeBeam2.
2. Shape pipe.
3. Continue
4. Thin walled ; radius = 0.08 ; Thickness = 0.005.
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5. OK
b. We create 4 Sections
i. First section:
1. Name the section TRUSS
2. Select Beam -> Truss
3.

Continue

4. The material is Steel


5. Cross-sectional area = 0.0002
6. OK
ii. Second section:
1. Name the section RECBEAM.
2. Select Beam -> Beam
3.

Continue

4. Select profile name RectBeam


5. The material is Steel
6.

OK

iii. Third section:


1. Name the section PIPEBEAM.
2. Select Beam -> Beam
3.

Continue

4. Select profile name PipeBeam1


5. The material is Steel
6.

OK

iv. Fourth section:


1. Name the section PIPEBEAM2.
2. Select Beam -> Beam
3.

Continue

4. Select profile name PipeBeam2


5. The material is Steel
6.

OK

c. The next, we do the Section Assignments for each part.


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i. First Part (Truss).


1. Double click Section Assignments
2. Select set 1
a. Set 1 is upper element and the diagonal element.
b. Select TRUSS as Section
c. Click OK -> Done
3. Select set 2
a. Set 2 is the downline element.
b. Select RECBEAM as a Section.
c. Click Ok -> Done.
ii. Second Part (Arc).
1. Double click Section Assignments
2. Select set 3
a. Set 3 is all of the arc element.
b. Select PIPEBEAM as Section
c. Click OK -> Done
iii. Third Part (Connector 1).
1. Double click Section Assignments
2. Select set 4
a. Set 4 is Connector 1 element.
b. Select RECBEAM as Section
c. Click OK -> Done
iv. Fourth Part (Connector 2).
1. Double click Section Assignments
2. Select set 1
a. Set 1 is truss element.
b. Select TRUSS as Section
c. Click OK -> Done
v. Fifth Part (PipeBeam).
1. Double click Section Assignments
2. Select set 5
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a. Set 5 is PipeBeam Element.


b. Select PIPEBEAM2 as Section
c. Click OK -> Done
d. Then we create Beam Section Orientation. From the toolbar, select Assign > Beam Section Orientation. We have 4 beam section:
i. First (arc)
1. the prompt area, select Sets 3
2. Check Highlight selections in viewport
3. Select arc
4. Type approximate n1 direction (0.0,0.0,-1.0).
5. Click Continue
6. Click OK -> Dismiss -> Done in the prompt area
ii. Second (Connector 1)
1. the prompt area, select Sets 4
2. Check Highlight selections in viewport
3. Select Connector 1
4. Type approximate n1 direction (-1.0,0.0,0.0).
5. Click Continue
6. Click Done in the prompt area
iii. Third (PipeBeam)
1. the prompt area, select Sets 5
2. Check Highlight selections in viewport
3. Select PipeBeam
4. Type approximate n1 direction (-1.0,0.0,0.0).
5. Click Continue
6. Click Done in the prompt area
iv. Fourth (RectBeam)
1. the prompt area, select Sets 2
2. Check Highlight selections in viewport
3. Select RectBeam
4. Type approximate n1 direction (0.0,0.0,-1.0).
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5. Click Continue
6. Click Done in the prompt area
5. Assembly
a. Expand assembly
i. Select Instance
ii. Select the Parts (Arc, Truss, Connector 1, Connector 2,
PipeBeam)
iii. Click Ok
b. Create the other side of the Bridge:
i. select Instance Translate
ii. select Arc and Truss -> ok
iii. first coordinate 0,0,0 -> Enter
iv. second coordinate 0,0,2 -> Enter -> Ok
v. Select Instance
vi. Select the Parts (Arc, Truss)
vii. Click Ok.
c. Rotate the connector 1.
i. select Instance -> Rotate
ii. click Instances
iii. Select connector-1 -> OK
iv. Type 0, 0, 0 -> Enter
v. Type 0, 1, 0 -> Enter
vi. Type -90 -> Enter -> OK
d. Rotate the connector 2
i. select Instance -> Rotate
ii. click Instances
iii. Select connector-2 -> OK
iv. Type 1, 0, 0 -> Enter
v. Type 1, 1, 0 -> Enter
vi. Type -90 -> Enter -> OK
vii. Translate the connector 2a
e. Translate the PipeBeam.
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i. select Instance -> Translate


ii. click Instances
iii. Select PipeBeam -> OK
iv. first coordinate 5,0,0 -> Enter
v. second coordinate 5,1,-0.3 -> Enter -> Ok
f. Rotate the PipeBeam
i. Type 5, 0, -0.3 -> Enter
ii. Type 5, 1, -0.3 -> Enter
iii. Type -90 -> Enter -> OK
g. Copy the connector 1 to the entire bridge
i. Instance -> Linear Pattern
ii. In the prompt area, click Instances
iii. Select connector-1 -> OK
iv. Set Number = 1 and Offset = 20 for Direction 1
v. Set Number = 1 for Direction 2
vi. Click OK
h. Copy the connector 2 to the entire bridge
i. Instance -> Linear Pattern
ii. In the prompt area, click Instances
iii. Select connector-2 -> OK
iv. Set Number = 18 and Offset = 20 for Direction 1
v. Set Number = 1 for Direction 2
vi. Click OK
i. Copy the PipeBeam to the entire bridge
i. Instance -> Linear Pattern
ii. In the prompt area, click Instances
iii. Select PipeBeam -> OK
iv. Set Number = 1 and Offset = 10 for Direction 1
v. Set Number = 1 for Direction 2
vi. Click OK
j. Then make one element from all of the element that we make before by
selecting Instance -> Merge/Cut
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i. The Name is Bridge3D -> Continue


ii. In the prompt area, click Instances
iii. Select all instances -> OK -> Done
6. Analysis Step
a. In the model tree on the left, double click on Steps
i. Name the step Step-1
ii. Select General for Procedure type
iii. Static, General
iv. Click Continue -> OK
7. Apply Boundary conditions
a. We create two boundary conditions for the bridge 3D.
i. First BCs :
1. Name the boundary condition FixedA
2. Select Initial for Step
3. Select Mechanical for Category
4. Select Displacement/Rotation for Type of Selected Step
5. Click Continue
6. Select the end point of the arc
7. Click Done
8. Check U1, U2, U3,UR1, UR2, UR3
9. Click OK
ii. Second BCs :
1. Name the boundary condition FixedB
2. Select Initial for Step
3. Select Mechanical for Category
4. Select Displacement/Rotation for Type of Selected Step
5. Click Continue
6. Select the line in the right and the left side of the bridge 3D
7. Click Done
8. Check U1, U2, U3,UR1, UR2, UR3
9. Click OK
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8. Apply Loads
a. In the model tree on the left, double click on Loads
i. Name of the boundary condition bridgeLoad.
ii. Select Step-1 for Step
iii. Select Mechanical for Category
iv. Select Line load for Type of Selected Step
v. Click Continue
vi. In the prompt area, select Sets 2
vii. Check Highlight selections in viewport
viii. Click Continue
ix. Set values -100 for Component 2
x. Click OK

9. Generate Mesh
a. In the model tree on the left, under Parts, Bridge3D, double click on
Mesh
i. Select Mesh -> Element Type.
In the prompt area,
1. select Sets 1
a. Select Truss
b. Click Continue
c. Select Standard for Element Library
d. Select Linear for Geometric Order
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e. Select Truss for Family


f. Click OK -> Dismiss -> Done
2. select Sets 2
a. Select Beam
b. Click Continue
c. Select Standard for Element Library
d. Select Linear for Geometric Order
e. Select Beam for Family
f. Click OK
3. select Sets 3
a. Select Beam
b. Click Continue
c. Select Standard for Element Library
d. Select Linear for Geometric Order
e. Select Beam for Family
f. Click OK
4. select Sets 4
a. Select Beam
b. Click Continue
c. Select Standard for Element Library
d. Select Linear for Geometric Order
e. Select Beam for Family
f. Click OK
5. select Sets 5
a. Select Beam
b. Click Continue
c. Select Standard for Element Library
d. Select Linear for Geometric Order
e. Select Beam for Family
f. Click OK

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ii. Click Seed Edges icon


1. Select Set 1
a. Click Continue
b. Select By number for Method
c. Set Number of elements = 1
d. Click OK
2. Select Set 2
a. Click Continue
b. Select By number for Method
c. Set Number of elements = 5
d. Click OK
3. Select Set 3
a. Click Continue
b. Select By number for Method
c. Set Number of elements = 15
d. Click OK
4. Select Set 4
a. Click Continue
b. Select By number for Method
c. Set Number of elements = 5
d. Click OK
5. Select Set 5
a. Click Continue
b. Select By number for Method
c. Set Number of elements = 5
d. Click OK
iii. Click OK ->Dismiss -> Done
iv. Click Mesh Part Instance -> Yes
10. Creating and submitting an analysis Job
a. In the model tree on the left, double click on the Jobs
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i. Name the job Bridge3D


ii. Click Continue
b. expand Jobs
i. Right click on Bridge3D
ii. Click Submit
11. Viewing results
a. Plotting deformation shape
i. After ABAQUS finishes calculation, right click on Bridge3D and
click Results
ii. Click Plot Deformed Shape
iii. Click Allow Multiple Plot States
iv. Click Plot Undeformed Shape

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b. Viewing stresses
i. Click Allow Multiple Plot States again
ii. Click Plot Contours on Deformed Shape
iii. From main menu, select Result -> Field Output -> Stress
components at integration points

c. Viewing reaction forces


i. Select Reaction force at node
ii. To show components of reaction forces, select RF1 or RF2 ->
Click OK

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