Ch.

2-1 Viruses
Viruses are ______________________ particles made up of a DNA or RNA
center covered by a protein coat
are not classified into any ________________ of organisms
show almost no characteristics of _____________ things
Viruses are classified by:
1 shape
2 the kind of ______________ acid it contains (DNA or RNA)
3 the kind of organism it infects

______________ are parasites, which means they depend on another __________

or cell to survive and may harm that organism or cell.
Host the cell or organism that a virus ______________ on
Viruses can be active or passive.
Active Virus causes the cell to make new viruses and destroys the ________ cell
4 steps a virus takes to reproduce:
1 Attach a virus ____________ to a cell's surface
2 Invade the nucleic acid of the virus ____________ itself into the cell
3 Copy new virus ________________ are made
4 Release cell is __________________ as new viruses are released.
Latent Virus a virus that enters a cell and becomes part of the cell's _______
without destroying the cell or making new copies of the virus

***LATENT VIRUSES CAN BECOME ACTIVE AT ANY TIME!***

***No medications can ________ viral diseases, but some can be prevented by
_________________***
Vaccine a substance made from ______________ virus particles that cannot
cause diseases anymore.

The 1st vaccine was for the virus, Smallpox

Developed by a _____________ named Edward Jenner

He created the vaccine from another virus, _______________

Studies using viruses:
Interferon a natural ________________ produced in animal cells that stops
viruses from infecting other cells within that ______________
Gene Therapy when viruses can be used to _______________ damaged DNA in
specific cells
Scientists take ____________ DNA and inject it into a virus that ____________
the healthy DNA as the virus reproduces within someones body.