ES 3003 FLUID MECHANICS TEST 3 April 16, 2009 Please PRINT NAME _ Ate #0) INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Open book, open notes. 2, Time limit is 60 min. 3. Answer ALL THREE (3) questions. 4, State all your assumptions clearly and concisely. 5. Give the sources for all data used (e.g,, text, P. 898). Question 1, (a) Estimate the pressure drop (kPa) per kilometer of pipe in a 20-in, schedule 40, commercial steel pipe when the pipeline carries I m°/s of water at 20°C. Assume there is no change in elevation. (b) _ Anengineer estimates that the annual pumping costs could be more $ 200,000 per km. Suggest two ways that this pressure drop (and annual pumping cost) per km could be reduced. Just indicate what changes you recommend; NO NEED to discuss your proposed changes. ‘Question 2 (White, P. 6.105 modified) The piping system shown consists of 100 ft of 2-in, schedule 40 (ID = 2.069 in), cast iron pipe, two 45-degree and four 90 deg elbows, and a fully open globe valve. All fittings are threaded. 45° ‘Open Estimate the total head losses (ft) due to globe pipe friction and fittings when 10 cfm of ‘water are flowing at 70 °F. ‘“s Questions 3 @) 0)! A rectangular galvanized iron duct (6 in. by 12 in) carries air at room temperature and pressure Estimate the Moody friction factor if: ‘The Reynolds number is 1000 ‘The Reynolds number is 100,000Queshon | a) avin, eetedule 40 | \, Auek 2H ys Wwe water @ 20°C jcommardak eek 5 av ae Bete Shag sat woter @29°E 12 (ein = Breede PF AID kgtmt | 9 Agia 2 UP. 8AY Bey, hy guestion 2 ee) 5 sth ae Wt 4 - gem pngsa ae? oi scree) pe = pace? > Vcore cite “> eparys Mavelry ati } \ ae a + Gag.oryin" CS: 1,002 107 = 2668114A ectunwenT Ho v Ue pA te Hind fin Ae Loorvie™* kasmns eo vee? Be IE. 5 seme anes Sg srbets) Coded Regen’ 2? E +d. 0ETmm Sp» gosenw®~ - opooto7 KY DoT x = (ie ap = (o0t®YC 5 Ape [Seer dicho = Boy aw 40 " S-¥ (jae (<< ore [Ripa 19° oder a 20°C _6S"EY, ro ae AB Eg l* [902 lor hg /ms aioe foe clot ee Len G 844837 PA J owy em tear oF sonar (28 by WE TOM » reduc, pressure loseee due +9 lower volume rave / velorty 00 Cr eB zim , ocoes he. by Re = 100/200 bps 20008 Pf @D per lo = larainaw Spr oon pe ou yy vy per OS b/g efpsocone = fr 2,024 Dow py HF 4 =INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT (a) (b) ES 3003 TEST 3 BLUE 4/16/2009 ‘QUESTION 1 Pipe diameter (4) = 47.782 om 0.47782 (a= 2.54"18.812) 1.56767 ft 18.8120 Pipe area (Ac) = (1/4)*d"2. = 0.179320 m2 1.9302 Pipe roughness (e) = 000148 «ft 0.0450 Relative roughness (e/d) = 0.000094 mm/mm ‘.000084 Volume flow rate (Vol) = 4.000000 35.31500 Fluid velocity (V) = (Voly/Ac = 5.57663 18.2960 Fluid viscosity (nH) = 1.002 0.001002 kgim-s Fluid density (p) = 62.30 998.00 kgim3 Kinematic viscosity (v=p/o) = 1.08E-05 1.00E-06 m'2/s Reynolds number (d*V"p/y) = 2654014 Haaland: 1/10.5 = -1.8log((6.9/Re)+((eldy/3.7)%1.11))_—f 0.012461 Colebrook: 1/190.5 = -2.0*Iog((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Rew0.5) Ff 0.012515 Colebrook: 1/1%0,5 = -2.0"Iog((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re""0.5) f 0.012514 Colebrook: 1/190.5 = -2.0"I0g((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re"™0.5) f = 0.012514 Pipe length = 1000 m Ks = 0 Pressure drop = AP =( f(Uid)+2K)*p*V"2/2ge 406.40 kPa Head loss (hL) = (f((Lid) + 2K)*(V"2) 2%@) 415200 om QUESTION 2 Pipe diameter (d) = 2.068 on72t7 ft 5.25526 0.052553 m ipe roughness (¢) = 0.00085 0259 mm Relative roughness (e/d) = 0.004930 0.00493 mmimm Pipe area (Ac) = (m/4)'d"2 = 0.02335 0.002169 m2 Volume flow rate (Vol) = 0.166667 0.00472 mais Fluid velocity (V) = (VolW/Ac = 7.1384 2.18 mis Fluid viscosity (p) = 0.975639 0.0006556 Ibmift-s Fluid density (p) = 62.3 997.95 kgim3 Kinematic viscosity (v= 0.00001052 9.78E-07 m'2Is Reynolds number (d*V*p/) 116957 Haaland: 1/10.5 = -1.8log((6.9/Re)+((e/d)/3.7)*1.11)) 0.031035, Colebrook: 1/"0.5 = -2.0*log((e/dy/3.7)+ 2.51(Re“0.5) 0.031053 Colebrook: 1/0.5 = -2.0*log((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re"'0.5) 0.031053 Colebrook: 1/05 = -2.0*log((e/dy/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re0.5) 0.031053, Colebrook: 1/0.5 = -2.0*log((e/d)'3.7)+ 2.51/(Re"0.5) 0.031053 Pipe length = 100 IKs = 15.4 Pressure drop = (*((Lid)+5k)"p"V"2/2ge = 11.448 psi Head loss = (P(Lid) + BK)*(V"2 /2%9c) = 26.457 ft QUESTION 3 Galvanized iron duct is 6 in by 12 in Dh = 4"6°12/2(6+12) = d (in) 8 Rectangle with a = 12 in and b=6 in; afb = 2 Reynolds number (d*V*pl) 1000 FLOWIS LAMINAR Text book, p. 332; f=622/Re = —_0,06832 Reynolds number (d*V‘pl) = 100000 FLOW IS TURBULENT Galvanized iron pipe roughness (¢) inft_ = 0.0005 e/d= 0.00075 Haaland: 1/f90.5 = -1.Blog((6.9/Re)+((eld)/3.7)"1.11))—f 0.021061 Colebrook: 1/10. = -2.0*log((eldy/3.7)+ 2.51(Re"#0.5) f 0.021309 Colebrook: 1/0.5 = -2.0"log((e/dy/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re%0.5) f 0.021295 Colebrook: 1/0.5 = -2.0"log((eldy/3.7)+ 2.51(Re"M0.5) f 0.021295INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT () (b) Es 3003 TEST3 = WHITE 4116/2009 QUESTION 1 Pipe diameter (d) = 20.28 1.687500 51.435 0.514350 Pipe roughness (¢) = 0.00015 0.046 Relative roughness (e/d) 0.000089 6.00009 Pipe area (Ac) = (r/4)*d"2 = 2.29655 0.207780 Volume flow rate (Vol) = 40.000 1.13266 Fluid velocity (V) = (Voly/Ac = 17.8847 8.45 Fluid viscosity (n) = 0.975639 0.006558 Fluid density (p) = 62.3 997.95 Kinematic viscosity (v=p/o) = 0.00001052 9.78E-07 Reynolds number (d*V"p/y) = 2867968 Haaland: 1/190.5 = -1.8log((6.9/Re)+((e/d)3.7.11))_— 0.012316 Colebrook: 110.5 = -2.0"log((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re%"0.5) f 0.012367 Colebrook: 19°0.5 = -2.0"Iog((eld)/3.7)+ 2.51(Re%"0.5) f 0.012366 Colebrook: 1/0.5 = -2.0"Iog((/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re""0.5) f 0.012366 Colebrook: 1/0.5 = -2.0"Iog((eld)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re""0.5) f = 0.012366 Pipe length = 2000 EKs 0 Pressure drop = (("((Lid)+ZK)*p*V"2/2gc = 83.210 psi Head loss = (f*(Lid) + ZK)*(V"2 / 2"go) = 192.331 ft ‘QUESTION 2 3 diameter (d) = 5255 om = 0.05255 (4= 2.54"18.812) 0.17242 ft 2.0690 Pipe area (Ac) = (m/4)*d*2. = 0.002168 m2 0.0233 Pipe roughness (c) = 0.000863. f= 0.2600 Relative roughness (e/d) = 0:004947 mmimm 0.004947 Volume flow rate (Vol) = (0.005000 0.17658 Fluid velocity (V) = (VolyAc = 2.30510 7.5627 Fluid viscosity (y) = 1.002 0.001002 Fluid density (p) = 62.30 998.00 Kinematic viscosity (v=y/p) 1.08E-05 1.00E-06 Reynolds number (d*V"p/u) 120656 Haaland: 1/f40.5 = -1.8log((6.9/Re)+((e/d)/3.7)M1.11)) 0.031044 Colebrook: 1/1"0.5 = -2.0°log((¢/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re%™"0.5) 0.031060 Colebrook: 1/1°0.5 = -2.0*I0g((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re""0.5) 0.031060 Colebrook: 4/0.5 = -2.0%Iog((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re“"0.5) 0.031060 Pipe length = 30 EKs = 15.4 Pressure drop = AP =( f(Lid)+2K)*p"V"2/2gc 87.84 kPa Head loss (hL) = (f*((Lid) + EK)"(V*2) /(2°9) 898m QUESTION 3 Galvanized iron duct is 10 om by 30 em Dh = 4"10°30/2(40) = d (om) Rectangle with a = 30 cm and b= 10cm; alb= 3 Reynolds number (d*V"ply) = 500 FLOW IS LAMINAR Text book, p. 332; f= 68.36/Re = 0.13652 Reynolds number (d"V"p/y) = 200000 FLOW IS TURBULENT Galvanized iron pipe roughness (e) in mm = O45 efd= Haaland: 1/f0.5 = -1.81og((6.9/Re}+((eld)/3.7)M1.11)) 0.020912 Colebrook: 1/1°0.5 = -2.0°Iog((e/dy/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re"F0.5) f 0.021037 Colebrook: 1/190.5 = -2.0%Iog((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re'0.5) f = 0.021033 Colebrook: 1/190.5 = -2.0"og((e/d)/3.7)+ 2.51/(Re'0.5) f 0.021034 mm mmimm m2 m3/s ms lbmitt-s kgim3 mis in, mm fut a fils fs kgim-s kgim3 ms 15 0.0010