UNIT 3 HOMEWORK PACKET How Many Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons? Name Period Since an atom is electrically neutral (zero charge), the number of protons (positives) equals the number of electrons (negatives). Atomic Number =# Protons = # Electrons Protons and neutrons make the mass of the atom. Electron mass iss tiny, that itn big enough to even notice when ‘the mass of an atom is measured, Newtrons = Atomic mass (rounded) - Atomic number eh Name ‘Symbol ‘Romie Number ‘Alomic Mass Protons Electrons: Neurons AL? 5 BT? 12 a] 2. Na 1 [cadmium a8 118711 39 25 65.38 16 34 9° | Argon 10 Ag i 49 12 83,798 10 15 | titanium 16 CaISOTOPE Examples—Remember mass number written by the name with a hyphen ’& Mass number on top / atomic # on bottom in the symbol (if # n° are given, check to see if the mass is “normal” ~the average atomic mass shown on the periodic table) protons + neutrons = mass number of the isotope. >> Only the number of neutrons will be specifically different in these isotope problems. (We will not have any questions where the number of electrons change right now. Protons never change without changing the element.) ‘Atomic Element {symbol Mass Number | Number | Protons | Neutrons [Electrons ee 7 I Krypton-86 [*°36 Kr ET - =. carbon-12 "6 C ——— - | 31 40 k - — | | 192 7% L+- i: - 54 82 k L _ 8 10 | 4 pe - 92 148 8 25911 ; = L _| - Sy3AS Hof - : TP 30 14DRAWING BOHR ATOM MODELS I. Draw Bohr models of the following elements: (Refer to drawings below for what Bohr models ook ike.) (1. Lithium 2. Nitrogen Name 3, Neon Dut / period__ date 4. Magnesium 5. Chlorine 6. Argon 7. Aluminum 8. Phosphorus 11, Identify the following elements: (Write the symbot or name on the blank.) 9 12, eeGroups, Families and Periods Worksheet Identify the following elements as the following : ( put 2 identifications when they fit) M=metal © NM=nonmetal H=Halogen — ML= metalloid NG& noble gas TM= transition metal 1, Neon ____8. Magnesium 15. Sodium 2, Phosphorus 9, Arsenic 16, Helium 3. Manganese 10. Sulfur 17. Lithium 4, Boron 1. Calcium ____18. Silver _____ 5. Bromine 12, Argon 19. Barium 6. Krypton 1B. Lead 20. Potassium 7. Copper 14, Chlorine Il, The period (row) an element is in tells the number of energy levels it has is the same as if you drew its Bohr model! The group (column) number an element has, SEE. THE ONES DIGIT ONLY, tells_the number of electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) of its Bohr atom model is the same! Fill in the missing information Element ‘Group Number of Period Number of valence electrons Energy Levels (one’s digit of Group number) (Period number) Gallium (atomic number 31) B 3 a 4 21. Potassium | 2. n 4 23. Bromine 24, 7 3 2s, 4 2 26. Sodium 21, 2 3 28. 2 6 29. 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No, there would be small differences. One might have longer hair. One might like drawing more than the others, One might weigh more if he had built up muscles with activities. Even though their hair color, eye color, and features might look extremely similar, there are small differences that aetually help you to tell them apart, even though they are “idemtical” ‘Atoms of elements are sor of like that, only with less variety than people can have. For example: All of the strontium atoms in the world fall into 3 types. ‘They are all still strontium and have the same properties (melting point, density, boiling point, oxidation #, conductivity...) as strontium, but the number of neutrons & mass are slightly different for each type, Most of them (82.6 %) have a mass of 88 amu. Then, 9.9 % of strontium atoms have 42 mass of 86 amu, and the remaining 7.0 % have a mad of 87 amu. 3B protons ~JaNe use the Following pattern fo ealewjate the AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS... 3B electrons ~if it stays neutral [~ 3g \ 88-28 ~ 50 neutrons S (it we consider the AVERAGE strontium), a Strontivm-88, the most common form ofstontium would | 82.6% *100=0,826 9.9+100-0.099 7.0% +100~0.070 have (88-38~) 50 neutrons just ike the periodic wble sid | $8 x0.826 + 86x0.099 + 87x 0.07 for "de average strontium ston ‘BUT, 2 other types of strontium atoms exist! 72.688 + 8.514 + 6,09 =|87.292 amu ‘Strontiui-86 Would have (86-38 =) 48 neutrons instead! Strontium-87 atoms would have (87-38-) 49 neutrons | Significant Figures are not casy to do on this assignment. inten. Just keep 3 decimal places. the test offers 2 decimal places n the choices, you will he ready to select your SHOW your work to calculate the average atomic mass. Answers may NOT match our periodic table. 1. Silver was once put onto the back of a sheet of glass to make mirrors. 51.8% of the silver atoms in the world are Silver -107, while Silver-109 makes the remaining 48.2%, 2. Calcium-40 makes up 96.9% of Calcium in nature. 0.7% is found in the Calcium-42 form, and 2.4% is found in the Calcium-44 form, What is the average atomic mass for calcium in grams? 3. Iridium is found in 2 isotope forms. 62.70% is found as Iridium-193, and 37.30% is found as Iridium -191, What is the average atomic mass in amu?4, Bromine can be used to kill bacteria, 50.7% exists as Bromine-79 while 49.3% exists as Bromine-81 ‘What is the average atomic mass of bromine? 5, Neon is used in bright red lights. Neon-20 makes 90.5% of the neon in the world. Neon-21 makes 0.3% while Neon-22 makes the remaining 9.3%. What is the average atomic mass for Neon here? 6. Gallium can be used in lasers. 60.1% of the atoms are Gallium-69 while 39.9% are Galium-71. What is the average atomic mass of Gallium? 7, Sulfur is used in batteries, fireworks and is naturally found in eggs an onions. 95% of the sulfur exists as Sulfur-32, 4.2 % exists as sulfur-34, and 0.8% exists as sulfur-33. What is the atomic mass of sulfur? Use the most precise (detailed) mass of each isotope in your work. “Isotope % Abundance Carbon-12 98.93% ~Carbon-13 1.07% 8, What is the average atomic mass for carbon using the data shown? Enrichment 9. Argon has three naturally occurring isotopes: argon-36, argon-38, and argon-40. Based on argon’s reported atomic mass, which isotope do you think is the most abundant in nature? Explain with at least 2 sentences,