Industrialization

Changes Ways of
Life

Quick Facts
Population of London in 1800 1 million
Population of London in 1860 3.2 million

Urbanization
Urbanization the growth
of cities and the migration of
people into them
No real rules for human
waste disposal or garbage
collection
No real rules for building
homes and factories
Exits, fire ladders, windows,
bathrooms, etc.

Limited clean drinking water

Pollution

Working Conditions
Labor

Britain 1850s

U.S.A. - 2014

Standard Work
Week

6 days

5 days

Average Workday

14 hours

9 hours

Total Weekly Hours

84 hours/week

45 hours/week

Safety training? - NO
Health insurance? - NO
Legal justice for injuries? - NO

Creation of a Middle
Class
Upper Class
Landowners/Aristocrats

Middle Class Class made up

of skilled workers, professionals,
businesspeople and wealthy
farmers
Upper Middle Class
Educated individuals

Lower Middle Class

Skilled laborers

Lower Class
Laborers

Middle Class
Upper Middle
Class

Lower Middle
Class

Laborers

Doctors

Factory
Supervisors

Iron Factory Laborer

Lawyers

Toolmakers

Textile Factory
Laborer

Bankers

Mechanical
Drafters

Coal Miners

Factory Owners

Printers

Transporters

(educated
individuals)

(skilled laborers)

(unskilled laborers)

Child Labor

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jk-xqPKOxl4

Why did factories employ

children?
Low wages
Children were obedient/afraid
of their bosses
Local orphanages provided
factories with a large source of
child-labor
Jobs performed in factories
often required small hands or
small bodies to fit into the
workspaces

Industrialization Positives
Job creation
Supply chain leads to even more jobs

Contributed to wealth of a nation

Encouraged technological progress and invention
Increased production of goods
Provided hope of improvement in peoples lives
Raised overall standard of living (eventually)
Led to higher wages, healthier diet, more educational
opportunities, better housing conditions, etc.

Industrialization Negatives
Dangerous working conditions no safety measures
Low wage rates for long hours of labor
Child labor
Pollution water, air, and soil
Overuse and dependency of natural resources
Coal and Oil

Imperialism Policy in which a strong nation seeks to

dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially
Large countries such as Britain took raw materials from smaller
countries and then sold goods to those countries to make profits

Industrialization
Around the World
Spreading Knowledge
British individuals brought
manufacturing secrets to U.S. and
European countries

Railroads connected cities and

countries, allowing more trade
Access to raw materials (coal, iron
ore, oil, wood, stone) were extremely
important to industrialization
Challenges
Mountains, poor road systems, lack of
raw materials prevented some
countries from successfully
industrializing