Modulescienceprocessskill 121014070935 Phpapp02

Tema:
Bermekar dan Bertebarlah di Ujana RJ
Disediakan oleh:
MOHD KHAIRUL ABADI BIN PUTEH
SMK RAJA JUMAAT
Chapter 3 : Heredity
and Variation
71007
PORT DICKSON
Bab 3 : Keturunan dan Variasi
Module Mekar- Section A Science 1511 SPM
1 The Form 4 Ibnu Sina carried out an experiment to study the variation of thumb prints.
There are four groups of thumb prints ; arch, loop, whorl and composite. Figure 1 shows the
thumb prints of 25 pupils from the class.
Kelas 4 Ibnu Sina menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji variasi cap ibu jari. Terdapat
empat kumpulan cap ibu jari iaitu lengkung, gelung, sepusar dan komposit. Rajah 1
menunjukkan cap ibu jari 25 orang murid dalam kelas tersebut.
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
a)
Based on Figure 1, determine the number of pupils in each group. Complete Table 1.
Berdasarkan Rajah 1, tentukan bilangan murid bagi setiap kumpulan. Lengkapkan
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jadual 1
Group of
thumb print
Kumpulan cap
ibu jari
Arch
Loop
Composite
Whorl
Number of
pupils
Jumlah
pelajar
Table 1
Jadual 1
b)
Based on the result in Table 1, draw a bar chart to show the number of pupils against
the groups of thumb prints.
Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 1, lukiskan carta bar yang menunjukkan
bilangan murid melawan kumpulan cap ibu jari.
Number of
pupils
Jumlah
pelajar
10
8
6
4
2
Group of thumb print
Kumpulan cap ibu jari
Arch Loop
c)
Composite Whorl
Write a conclusion on the type of variation based on the bar chart in (b).
Tuliskan kesimpulan tentang jenis variasi berdasarkan carta bar di (b).
.......................................................................................................................................
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2 Table 1 shows the height of 40 students in Form 5 Rajin.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan ketinggian bagi 40 orang pelajar dalam Tingkatan 5 Rajin.
156
149
153
160
152
151
153
150
163
165
166
155
159
159
157
155
159
163
152
160
157
158
157
165
154
162
162
159
158
157
163
159
159
169
164
163
152
156
160
158
Table 1
Jadual 1
a)
CompleteTable 2 based on data given.

Lengkapkan Jadual 1berdasarkan data yang diberikan.
Height of students
Ketinggian pelajar
(cm)
146-150
151-155
156-160
161-165
166-170
Number of students
Bilangan pelajar
Table 2
Jadual 2
b)
Construct a histogram for the number of student against the height of students.
Lukiskan satu histogram bagi bilangan ketinggian pelajar-pelajar.
Number of
students
Jumlah
pelajar
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Height of students/cm
Ketinggian pelajar/ cm
c)
.......................................................................................................................................
3 Table 3 shows type of blood group of 30 students in Form 3 Mutiara

Jadual 3 menunjukkan jenis kumpulan darah bagi 30 orang pelajar dalam Tingkatan 3
Mutiara
A
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
AB
Table 3
Jadual 3
a)
CompleteTable 4 based on data given.

Lengkapkan Jadual 4berdasarkan data yang diberikan.
Type of blood group
Jenis kumpulan darah
AB
Number of students
Bilangan pelajar
Table 4
Jadual 4
b)
Construct a histogram for the number of student against the height of students.
Lukiskan satu histogram bagi bilangan ketinggian pelajar-pelajar.
Number of
students
Jumlah
pelajar
Type of blood group

Jenis kumpulan darah
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c)
.......................................................................................................................................
4 The Form 4 Delima carried out an experiment to study the variation of earlobes. There are
two types of earlobes ; free attached earlobes and attached earlobes. Figure 2 shows the
earlobes of 25 pupils from the class.
Kelas 4 Delima menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji variasi bagi cuping telinga.
Terdapat dua jenis cuping telinga iaitu bebas melekat dan melekat pada kepala. Rajah 2
menunjukkan cap ibu jari 25 orang murid dalam kelas tersebut.
Figure 2
Rajah 2
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a)
Based on Figure 2, determine the number of students in each group. Complete Table 5.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, tentukan bilangan murid bagi setiap kumpulan. Lengkapkan
jadual 5
Type of earlobes
Jenis cuping telinga
Free attached earlobe

Cuping telinga bebas
Attached earlobe
Cuping telinga melekat
Number of students
Bilangan pelajar
Table 5
Jadual 5
b)
Based on the result in Table 5, draw a bar chart to show the number of students against
the type of earlobes.
Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 1, lukiskan carta bar yang menunjukkan
bilangan murid melawan kumpulan cap ibu jari.
Number of14
students
Jumlah 12
pelajar
10
8
6
4
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2
Type of earlobes
Jenis cuping telinga
Attached earlobe
Free attached earlobe
Cuping telinga melekat Cuping telinga bebas
c)
.......................................................................................................................................
Chapter 4 : Matter and Substance

Bab 4 : Jirim dan Bahan
1 The apparatus set-up shows in Diagram 1 was used to investigate the change of state of
water. The experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 300C.
Susunan radas yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1 digunakan untuk menyiasat satu proses
perubahan keadaan air. Eksperimen tersebut dijalankan pada suhu bilik iaitu 300C.
Thermometer
Termometer
50 cm3 of water
50 cm3 air
Set A
Water droplets
Titisan-titisan air
Set B
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Table 1 shows the result of the experiment.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.
Apparatus set-up
Susunan radas
Temperature of water in the

beaker (0C)
Suhu air di dalam bikar (0C)
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Amount of water droplets formed

on the outer wall of the beaker
Jumlah titisan-titisan air yang
terbentuk pada dinding luar bikar
Set A
Set B
30
15
None/Tiada
A lot/ Banyak
Table 1
Jadual 1
a)
Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.

Tuliskan satu hipotesis yang sesuai untuk eksperimen ini.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
b)
State the variables that are

Nyatakan pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang
(i)
fixed:.......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:............................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas
c)
State the observation based on the result of the experiment.

Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan hasil keputusan eksperimen tersebut.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
d)
Give one inference for the observation in Set B

Berikan satu inferens untuk pemerhatian pada Set B
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for condensation

Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kondensasi.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
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An experiment is carried out to determine the boiling point of a liquid. The temperature
of the liquid is recorded every two minutes until it boils. Table 1 shows the result of the
experiment.
Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk menentukan takat didih suatu cecair. Suhu cecair itu
direkodkan setiap dua minit sehingga mendidih. Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan
eksperimen
Time/minute
Masa/minit
Temperature/oC
Suhu/ oC
10
12
20
40
60
80
100
100
Table 1
Jadual 1
a)
Based on Table 1, draw a graph of temperature against time.

Berdasarkan Jadual 1, lukiskan graf suhu melawan masa.
Temperature
/0C
Suhu/0C
100
80
60
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20
40
10
12
Time / minute
b) Based on the graph in 2 (a), state the relationship between the temperature of the
liquid and time in the first 10 minutes.
Masa / minit
Berdasarkan graf di 2(a), nyatakan hubungan antara suhu cecair itu dengan masa
dalam 10 minit pertama
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
c)
Determine the boiling point of the liquid from the graph.

Tentukan takat didih cecair tersebut daripada graf.
.........................................................................................................................................
d) Predict the boiling point of the solution if common salt powder is added.
Ramalkan takat didih larutan itu jika serbuk garam biasa ditambah.
.........................................................................................................................................
3 Diagram 2 (a) and (b) show an experiment carried out to study the electrical conductivity
of copper (II) sulphate solution.
Rajah 2 (a) dan (b) menunjukkan eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji
kekonduksian elektrik bagi kuprum (II) sulfat.
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
Solid copper (II)

sulphate
Pepejal kuprum (II)
sulfat
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Carbon
electrode
Elektrod
karbon
Copper (II)
sulphate solution
Larutan kuprum
(II) sulfat
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
a)
What is the reading of the ammeter in Diagram 2 (b)?

Apakah bacaan ammeter dalam Rajah 2 (b)?
Ammeter in Diagram 2 (a):
Ammeter dalam Rajah 2 (a):

Ammeter in Diagram 2 (b):
Ammeter dalam Rajah 2 (b):

b) State the variables that are
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
c)
fixed:......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
d) Give one inference for the observation in Set B

Berikan satu inferens untuk pemerhatian pada Set B
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
Copper (II) sulphate is an ionic compound. , state the operational definition for ionic
compound.
Kuprum (II) sulfat ialah sebatian ionik. Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi
sebatian ionik.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
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f)
Tick () the substance which can be used to replace copper (II) sulphate and give
the same observation as in Diagram 2.
Tandakan () bagi bahan yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan kuprum (II)
sulphate dan menghasilkan pemerhatian yang sama seperti dalam Rajah 2.
Naphtalene
Naftalena
Sodium chloride
Natrium klorida
Glucose
Glukosa
Potassium iodide
Kalium iodida
4 Diagram 3.1 shows an experiment to study the electrical conductivity of sulphur powder
and Diagram 3.2 shows an experiment to study the electrical conductivity of lead fillings.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik bagi serbuk
sulphur dan Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik
bagi serbuk plumbum.
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
Sulphur powder
Serbuk sulfur
Diagram 3.1
Rajah 3.1
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
Lead fillings
Serbuk plumbum
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.2
a)
State one observation based on Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2.

Nyatakan satu pemerhatian berdasarkan Rajah 3.1 dan Rajah 3.2.
.........................................................................................................................................
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.........................................................................................................................................
b) State one inference for this experiment.
Nyatakan satu inferens bagi eksperimen ini.
.........................................................................................................................................
c)

(i)
fixed:......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas
d) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
Sulphur is an molecular substance. State the operational definition for molecular

substance.
Sulfur ialah bahan molekul. Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi bahan molekul.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
5 Diagram 4 shows an arrangement of the apparatus to study the electrical conductivity of

substance P, Q and R in solid and liquid state.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik bagi bahan P,
Q dan R dalam keadaan pepejal dan cecair.
Bulb
Mentol
Substance
Bahan
Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon
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Diagram 4
Rajah 4
The observation is obtained in Table 2.
Pemerhatian dicatatkan dalam Jadual2.
Substance
Bahan
P
Q
R
a)
Bulb condition
Keadaan mentol
Solid
Pepejal
Lights up
Menyala
Not lights up
Tidak menyala
Not lights up
Tidak menyala
Table 2/ Jadual 2
Molten
Cecair
Lights up
Menyala
Not lights up
Tidak menyala
Lights up
Menyala
State one inference for this experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................
b) State the variables that are

(i)
Controlled:............................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas
c)

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
d) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for electrical conductivity.
Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kekonduksian
elektrik.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
6 Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show an experiment to investigate the electrical
conductivity of metal and non-metal.
Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian
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elektrik oleh bahan logam dan bukan logam.

Dry cell
Sel kering
Dry cell
Sel kering
Switch
Suis
Switch
Suis
Plate A
Plat A
Plate B
Plat B
Diagram 5.1
Rajah 5.1
a)
Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.2
Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2, what is your observation on the condition of
the bulb?
Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2, apakah pemerhatian anda pada keadaan
mentol?
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
b) State one inference for this experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................
c)

(i)
fixed:......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for metal.

Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi logam.
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.........................................................................................................................................
f)
Based on the experiment, mark () the diagram that same properties with plate A.
Berdasarkan eksperimen di atas, tandakan () pada rajah yang mempunyai sifat
seperti plat A.
7 Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the effect of impurities on boiling point of

distilled water.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan bendasing ke atas takat didih air
suling.
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
DIAGRAM 1
The result of the experiment are recorded are in Table 3.

Keputusan ekperimen direkodkan dalam Jadual 3.
Boiling point/ 0 C
(Takat didih / 0 C)
Substances
(Bahan)
Distilled water
(Air suling)
100
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Distilled water + common

salt
(Air suling + garam biasa)
Table 3
Jadual 3
a)
Based on the above experiment, what is the thermometer reading in Diagram 3?

Berdasarkan eksperimen di atas, apakah bacaan termometer dalam Rajah 3?
b) Give a reason for your answer in (a)

Berikan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (a)
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
c)

(i)
fixed:......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for distilled water.
Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi air suling.
.........................................................................................................................................
8 Diagram 7 shows an experiment to study the effect of impurities on the boiling point of
ethanol
Rajah 7 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan bendasing terhadap takat didih
etanol.
Thermometer
Termometer
Distilled water
Air suling
Pure ethanol
Etanol tulen
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Diagram 7
Rajah 7
The results of the experiment are recorded in Table 4.

Keputusan eksperimen direkodkan dalam Jadual 4.
Boiling point/ 0 C
(Takat didih / 0 C)
Substances
(Bahan)
Pure ethanol
Etanol tulen
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Pure ethanol + distilled

water
Etanol tulen + air suling
Table 4
Jadual 4
a)
Based on the above experiment, what is the thermometer reading in Diagram 3?

Berdasarkan eksperimen di atas, apakah bacaan termometer dalam Rajah 3?
b) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.

Tuliskan satu inferens berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
c)

(i)
fixed:......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
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(iii)
responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for pure ethanol.
Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi etanol tulen
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
Chapter 5 : Energy and Physical Changes

1 Diagram 1 shows an experiment to study the heat change in a fermentation process of
glucose
Rajah 1 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan haba dalm proses
penapaian glukosa.
Thermometer
Termometer
Delivery tube
Salur penghantar
Water
Air
Glucose solution + yeast

Larutan glukosa + yis
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
The results of the experiment are recorded in Table 1.
Keputusan eksperimen direkodkan dalam Jadual 1.
Thermometer reading/ 0 C
Bacaan termometer / 0 C)
Time (min)
Masa(min)
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28
30
10
............
15
34
20
35
25
35
Table 1
Jadual 1
a)
Based on the thermometer reading in Diagram 1, complete Table 1.

Berdasarkan bacaan thermometer dalam Rajah 1, lengkapkan Jadual 1.
b) Based on Table 1, draw a graph to show the relationship the time and the temperature.
Berdasarkan Jadual 1, lukiskan graf untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara masa dan
suhu.
Temperature
/0C
Suhu/0C 36
34
32
30
28
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26
10
15
20
25
Time / minute
Masa / minit
c)
What the relationship between the temperature of the glucose and time in the first 15
minutes?
Apakah hubungan antara suhu larutan glukosa itu dengan masa dalam 15 minit
pertama?
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
d) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)

(i)
fixed:......................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:..........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ...........................................................................................................
bergerak balas
f)

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
g) Predict the temperature at the 30th minute.

Ramalkan suhu pada minit ke -30.
.........................................................................................................................................
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Diagram 2 shows an experiment to study the heat change in chemical reactions at room
temperature (300C).
Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan haba dalam tindak
balas kimia pada suhu bilik (300C).
Thermometer
Termometer
Sodium chloride
Natrium klorida
Water
Air
Final temperature
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Ammonium chloride
Ammonium klorida
Suhu akhir
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
a) Record the final temperature reading of both types of substance in the Table 2.
Catatkan bacaan akhir suhu bagi kedua-dua jenis bahan dalam Jadual 2.
Final temperature reading / (0C)
Bacaan akhir suhu / (0C)
Types of substances
Jenis bahan
Sodium hydroxide
Natrium hidroksida
Ammonium chloride
Ammonium klorida
Table 2
Jadual 2
b) Write down one observation from the result of this experiment.
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian daripada keputusan eksperimen ini.
.......................................................................................................................................
c) State one inference based on your observation.
Nyatakan satu inferens berdasarkan pemerhatian anda.
.......................................................................................................................................
d) State the variables that are
(i)
fixed:....................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:.........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ..........................................................................................................
bergerak balas
e) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
f)
Which substance shows an exothermic reaction?

Bahan manakah yang menunjukkan tindak balas eksotermik?
.......................................................................................................................................
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g) State the operational definition for exothermic reaction.

Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi tindak balas eksotermik.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
Diagram 3 shows an experiment to study the reaction of magnesium with dilute

hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindak balas logam magnesium
dengan asid hidroklorik cair.
Dilute hydrochloric acid

Asid hidroklorik cair
Gas
5g of metal magnesium
5g logam magnesium
Water
Air
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
The volume of gas collected is recorded every minute for six minutes.
Table 3 shows the results of the experiment.
Isipadu gas yang dikumpul direkod setiap minit dalam amsa enam minit.
Time (minutes)
Masa (minit)
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Volume of gas collected (cm3)

Isipadu gas (cm3)
20
30
37
41
43
43
Table 3
Jadual 3
a) State the variables that are
(i) fixed:....................................................................................................................
dimalarkan
(ii) manipulated:.........................................................................................................
dimanipulasikan
(iii) responding: ..........................................................................................................
bergerak balas
b) Based on Table 3, draw a graph of the volume of gas against time.

Berdasarkan Jadual 3, lukiskan graf isipadu gas melawan masa.
Volume of
3
gas /cm
40
Isipadu gas /
cm3
35
30
25
20
15
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Time / minute
Masa / minit
6
c) What is the relationship between the volume of gas given off and the reaction time in
the first two minutes?
Apakah hubungan antara isipadu gas yang terhasil dengan masa tindak balas bagi
dua minit pertama?
........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
d) Predict the volume of gas collected at the seven minute.

Ramalkan isipadu gas yang terhasil pada minit yang ketujuh.
.........................................................................................................................................
4
Diagram 4 shows an experiment to study the reaction of magnesium with dilute

hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindak balas logam magnesium
dengan asid hidroklorik cair.
Dilute hydrochloric acid

Asid hidroklorik cair
Gas
Magnesium
Magnesium
Water
Air
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
The volume of gas collected is recorded every minute for five minutes.
Table 4 shows the results of the experiment.
Isipadu gas yang dikumpul direkod setiap minit dalam masa lima minit.
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Time (minutes)
Masa (minit)

Isipadu gas (cm3)
......
13
13
Table 4
Jadual 4
a) Based on the reading of measuring cylinder in Diagram 4, complete Table 4.
Berdasarkan bacaan silinder penyukat dalam Rajah 4, lengkapkan Jadual 4.

Volume of
3
gas /cm
Isipadu gas /
cm3
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
1
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6
Time / minute
Masa / minit
c) State the relationship between volume of gas collected and time in the first two
miniutes.
Nyatakan hubungan antara isipadu gas terkumpul dan masa dalam dua minit
pertama.
........................................................................................................................................
d) Predict the volume of gas collected at the six minute.
Ramalkan isipadu gas yang terhasil pada minit yang keenam.
.........................................................................................................................................
Diagram 5 shows an experiment to study the reaction of calcium with water.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tindak balas logam kalsium
dengan air.
Measuring cylinder
Silinder penyukat
Gas
Gas
Gas
Water
Air
Magnesium
Magnesium
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
The volume of gas collected is recorded every two minutes are recorded in Table 5.
Isipadu gas yang dikumpul direkod setiap dua minit direkodkan dalam Jadual 5.
Time (minutes)
Masa (minit)
Isipadu gas (cm3)
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10
12
7.5
12.0
.........
21
23
23
Table 5
Jadual 5
a) Based on the reading of measuring cylinder in Diagram 5, complete Table 5.
Berdasarkan bacaan silinder penyukat dalam Rajah 5, lengkapkan Jadual 5.

Volume of
gas /cm3
Isipadu gas /
cm3
30
25
20
15
10
5
2
30
abadi@RJ2012
10
12
Time / minute
Masa / minit
c) State the relationship between volume of gas collected and time in the first two
miniutes.
Nyatakan hubungan antara isipadu gas terkumpul dan masa dalam dua minit
pertama.
........................................................................................................................................
d) Predict the volume of gas collected at the 14th minute.
Ramalkan isipadu gas yang terhasil pada minit yang ke-14.
.........................................................................................................................................
e) Tick () in the boxes in Table 5.2 the substance which can be used to replace
magnesium in this experiment.
Tandakan () dalam kotak disediakan seperti dalam Jadual5.2 bagi bahan yang
dapat menggantikan magnesium dalam eksperimen ini.
Iron
Carbon
Sulphur
Zinc
Besi
Karbon
Sulfur
Zink
Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the reactivity of metals with oxygen.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kereaktifan logam dengan
oksigen.
Glass wool
Wul kaca
Metal fillings
Serbuk logam
Potassium manganate (VII)

Kalium manganat (VII)
Heat
Panaskan
Heat
Panaskan
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
Three types of metals X, Y and Z are used and the results are shown in Table 6.
Tiga jenis logam iaitu X, Y, dan Z telah digunakan dan keputusan ditunjukkan dalam
Jadual 2.
Metal
Logam
P
Q
Observation
Pemerhatian
Burns with bright light
Terbakar dengan nyalaan terang
Glows dimly
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Membara dengan malap

Burns moderately
Terbakar sederhana
Table 6/ Jadual 6
a) Write one suitable hypothesis for this experiment.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
c) State the following variables in this experiment.

Nyatakan pembolehubah berikut dalam eksperimen ini.
i) Manipulated variable:
Pembolehubah dimanipulasi
.................................................................................................................................
ii)
Responding variable:
.................................................................................................................................
iii) Constant variable:

.................................................................................................................................
d) Based on the result in Table 6, arrange the reactivity of the metals in ascending order.
Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 6, susun kereaktifan logam tersebut dalam
urutan menaik.
.........................................................................................................................................
e) If the metal used in this experiment are magnesium, zinc and iron, predict metal R.
Jika logam-logam yang digunakan di dalam eksperimen ini adalah magnesium, zink
dan besi, ramalkan logam R.
.........................................................................................................................................
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abadi@RJ2012
Chapter 4: Motion
1 Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 show the experiment to study the collision between with
different velocity.
Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji perlanggaran antara troli
berlainan halaju.
Wooden block
Bongkah kayu
Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1
Before collison
Sebelum perlanggaran
After collision
Selepas perlanggaran
Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
33
abadi@RJ2012
Block displacement
Anjakan bongkah
a)

Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan hasil eksperimen tersebut.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
c)
State the following variables in this experiment.

i)
Manipulated variable:
.................................................................................................................................
ii)
.................................................................................................................................
iii)
Constant variable:
.................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
e)
State the operational definition of momentum.

Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi momentum.
.........................................................................................................................................
34
abadi@RJ2012
.........................................................................................................................................
f)
Mark () the objects which apply the concept of momentum.

Tandakan () objek yang mengaplikasikan konsep momentum.
Diagram 2 shows a ticker tape that has been obtained from the movement of a trolley on
a tilted platform. The trolley took 8 seconds to go from the top to the bottom of the
platform.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan pita detik yang diperoleh daripada gerakan sebuah troli yang
menuruni landasan condong. Troli itu mengambil masa 8 saat untuk turun daripada atas
landasan ke bawah landasan itu.
Strip 1
Jalur 1
Strip 2
Jalur 2
... . . . . .
.
.
Strip 3
Jalur 3
.
.
Strip 4
Jalur 4
.
.
.
.
Strip 5
Jalur 5
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Table 1 shows information about the ticker tape in Diagram 2.
Jadual 1menunjukkan maklumat tentang keratan pita detik dalam Rajah 2.
Section of the ticker tape
Keratan pita detik
Length of section / cm
Panjang /cm
Table 1
Jadual 1
35
abadi@RJ2012
a)
Measure the length of section 3 of the ticker tape and record it into Table 1.
Ukur panjang Keratan 3 pita detik itu dan catatkan dalam Jadual 1.
Length
Panjang
b)
................................ cm
Based on Table 1, draw a bar chart on the graph paper below.

Berdasarkan Jadual 1, lukis carta bar pada kertas graf di bawah.
Length of
stripe/cm
Panjang
1.2
jalur /cm
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
36
abadi@RJ2012
1
b)
Strip
Jalur
Using your bar chart in (b),

Dengan menggunakan carta bar anda di (b),
i) state the type of movement made by the trolley.
nyatakan jenis gerakan troli ini.
..........................................................................................................................
ii)
predict the length of section 6 that is also represents a 1 second interval.

ramalkan ukuran keratan pita detik ke-6 yang juga mewakili jarak waktu 1 saat.
...........................................................................................................................
Diagram 3.1 shows the experiment conducted to study the inertia of an object. Both cans
are swing from the same height. After three swings, the can is stopped with the palm.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji inersia sesuatu objek.
Kedua-dua tin diayunkan dari ketinggian yang sama. Selepas tiga ayunan, tin
diberhentikan dengan menggunakan tapak tangan.
Rope
Tali
Rope
Tali
Empty can
Tin kosong
Can filled with

glass marble
Tin yang berisi
guli kaca
Diagram 3.1
Rajah 3.1
a)

Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
37
abadi@RJ2012
b)
State the following variables in this experiment.

.................................................................................................................................
ii)
.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
c)
Predict the degree of difficulty for the can stop, if the glass marble is replaced by
steel marbles.
Ramalkan tahap kesukaran tin itu berhenti, jika guli kaca digantikan dengan guli
keluli.
......................................................................................................................................
d)
Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
e)
State the operational definition of inertia.

Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi inersia.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
f)
What is the spring balance reading when steel balls in the can are weighed as shown
in Diagram 3.2?
Apakah bacaan pada neraca spring jika tin yang berisi bebola keluli ditimbang
seperti Rajah 3.2?
38
abadi@RJ2012
Spring balance
Neraca spring
Can filled with

steel balls
Tin yang berisi
bebola keluli
Reading of spring balance

Bacaan pada neraca spring
.............................N
Diagram 4 shows an experiment to study the realtionship between mass of an object and
the inertia. All obejcts are swing and the time taken for the objects to stop oscillations is
recorded.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jisim objek
dengan inersia. Semua objek dihayun dan masa diambil untuk objek berhenti berayun
dicatatkan.
Wooden block A
Bongkah kayu A
Wooden block B
Bongkah kayu B
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
39
abadi@RJ2012
Wooden block C
Bongkah kayu C
Table 2 shows the result of the experiment.

Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen tersebut.
Mass of object / g
Jisim objek / g
Time taken to stop oscillation/ minutes

Masa diambil untuk berhenti berayun/ minit
200
5.0
400
10.0
600
15.0
Table 2
Jadual 2
a) i)

Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan hasil eksperimen tersebut.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
ii)
Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.

.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
b) State the variable in this experiment

Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini
.................................................................................................................................
ii)
.................................................................................................................................

40
abadi@RJ2012
.................................................................................................................................
c)
What is the relationship between the mass of an object and the inertia?
Apakah hubungan antara jisim objek and inersia?
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
d) State the operational definition of inertia.

Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi inersia.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
41
abadi@RJ2012

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