, 22009

C , , ,
,
.

.

,
.
1200/1700 ,
. ,
, ,
,
,
.
( "Investigation and Comparison of MultiLevel Converters for Medium
Voltage Applications", Technische Universitt Berlin, 2007)

Andrey.Kolpakov@semikron.com

EKartashev@elprib.ru

,
.
SEMIKRON, 30
.
(),
SKiiP SEMIKRON,
44 .
94 ( BTM Consult ApS, 03/2008).

. 1. ,

. 1. : W3C ASM
;
4Q 2fed ASM
4 ;
B6U+B6CI SM

www.powere.ru

, .
LV (Low
Voltage) MV (Medium Voltage).
, MV-

, , Mitsubishi EUPEC/Infineon.
IGBT 3,3; 4,5 6,5 .
, 10 .
IGCT
(Insulated Gate Controlled Thyristor) . ,
SEMIKRON, , , . [1],
.
, , :
;
;
;
,
;
.
(. 2),
, (1700, 3300, 6500 ). , -

57

, 22009

. 2. 3
IGBT

, . , IGBT 1700
.
, . 2,
3- :
DC- Udc = 1100/1800/3600 B;
U = 690/
1130/2260 B;
Fsw = 3,6 ;
cos = 0,9.
MV ,

.
.

, -

.
,
, , , .
.
, , , .

1 , 1 / ,
510 .
(LV,
1 ) , 1
.
,
, , MV 36 .

- ,

,
,

.
, , .
SEMIKRON , .
, , , .


1 (Series Connected
HBridge Voltage Source
Converter SCHB VSC)


1- - ,
. 3. 1975 . [2], [35].


-.
DC- ,
, ,

. ,
.

.
.
,

. 3. 3 N

58

. 4 - ,
SCHB VSCs.
DC- 3- ,
.
; TL TR (1 = on 0 = off).
, IGBT TL TR
. 1 3 - .
www.powere.ru

, 22009

. 4. 

iph . 5. 0

iph. (TL, TR)
(T L,TR) , .
+
(TL, TR) (TL,TR) ,
.
, -
1.


SL

SR SL SR

Uag

Un'g

Uan'

Udc/2

Udc/2

Udc/2 Udc/2

Udc/2 Udc/2

2.
1 3

TL

DL TR DR T L DL TR DR

+
"+" (Uag = Udc/2)
"0" (Uag = 0)

x
x

"" (Uag = Udc/2)

"+" (Uag = Udc/2)
"0" (Uag = 0)
"" (Uag = Udc/2)

x
x

x
x

3 .
Udc/2, IGBT iph^.
.
2.
(TR,TR) (TL,TL) (+ 0) (0 ).
iph > 0 (+ 0) TL
,
TL DL, TR
. ,
TL.
(+ 0) T R,
TR DR, TL .
, TR.
(0 +) . , TR , T R.
DR, . . 6, ,
-

. 5. 1
 : ) ;
), ) ; )

.
, .
(0 ) TL, DL.
DR , TL .
( 0)

. 6.  : a, ) ; , )

www.powere.ru

59

, 22009
:TL , TL .
TL DL TL. DL , , , TL .
(0 ) TR, DR. DL
,TR
.
( 0) : TR , TR
.
DR TR.
DR , , , TR . . 6,

. 6, .
3.


3.
3

TLx

DLx

TRx

DRx TLx DLx TRx DRx

-
1/6 ,
. 7.
2 U tri1 , U tri2.


Ucon.

TC/2 (180), , 4 . . 7a
, .

+ 0
x

0
x

+0

x
x

0
x

Udc/2, : Ucon > Utri1

(TL: on,TL: off)
Uag = 0,
: Ucon < Utri1

(TL: off,TL: on)

Utri2 :

. 7.  : a) Ucon, Utri1, Utri2; )

Uag; ) n Ung; ) Uan

. 8. 

60

0,
: Ucon > Utri2
(TR: off,TR: on)
Un g =
Udc/2, : Ucon < Utri2
(TR: on,TR: off)
IGBT,
Uag Ung iph. a
n DC- g . 7, .
- Uan
. 7, : Udc/2 0. 2 -
,

(f1Cb = 2fC).
,
. 8.
mf Uag Ung
180, ,
.
. , -
DC.
, , , .
(TL, DR)
(DL, TR),
iph. idc . .
www.powere.ru

, 22009
3 2

(2LHBridge)
3- 2-
- . 9.
12 .
SLx
SRx (x = a, b, c), IGBT SLx SRx . (
) , ( 1).
, ( 2, 3).

. 9. 3 2LHBridge



- , - . 3- 2L-H-
. 10,
3- 2L-H- 1- H- 2 , 120. , Ucon,x
(x = a, b, c) Utri1, Utri2.
,
TC/2, , 4 1 .
,
-:

Ucon,x > Utri1 (TLx: on,TLx: off),

Ucon,x > Utri2 (TRx:off,TRx: on) Uxn = Udc/2
Ucon,x < Utri1 (TLx: off,TLx: on),
Ucon,x< Utri2 (TRx: on,TRx: off) Uxn = Udc /2
Uxn = 0
iph. 3- 2L-H- . 10.
(, Uan)
3 : Udc /2 0 (10c), (, U ab) 5 :
Udc, Udc /2 0 (10d).
. 11a, ( mf = 15). -,
2L-H-
(f1Cb = 2fC).

:
2
 (SC2LHB VSC)
,
2L-VSC 3L-NPC VSC, (, 6,5 IGBT)
, www.powere.ru

. 10. 3 2L : a) Ucon,x, Utri1, Utri2;

) ; ) ; )

. 11. 3 2LH :
) ; )

61

, 22009

4.
SC2LHB VSC

,

, N

, Nll

9 11

2p+1

9 13 17 21

4p+1

DC

,

,

. 12.
p

(Ull > 3,3 Ull > 4,16 ).

2-
H- (SC2LHB VSC)
. 12.
Robicon [4]. SC2LHB VSC , ,
.
SC2LHB VSCs - ,
.
( ,
IGBT 17- ). , VDC
( 600 Vin = 460 VAC). DC Udc,tv . p
- Udc,tv = 2kpkUdc,HB.

Udc,HB
(Uan, Ubn,
Ucn): Uxn = U1xn + U2xn + Upxn. N : N = 2p + 1,
Nll : Nll = 2N 1.
- -

62

2 5 2,3
7,2 .
2 (p = 2)
(. 12) 5- (N = 5).
3, 4 5, 7, 9 11 .
- 460,
630 690
800, 1100 1200 ( )
701000 .
2 ,
-. ,

180/p, .

f1Cb=2kpkfC , fC .

f1Cb ,
.

, .

, -

9 12 15

30 20 15 12

8 10

90 60 45 36 180/

.
- ,

. - . 4.
, .

. , , IGBT
. ,
Rubicon IGBT 1700
2,3; 3,3; 4,16 6 2, 3, 4 5 .
dv/dt .
, , , .
. -, , . -, p = 360/6p
.
,
.
, . 4 .
www.powere.ru

, 22009

. 13. 5LSC2LHB

2
2
(5LSC2LHB VSC).
,

. 13
5L-SC2LHB VSC,
- .
. 12
a n.
24
, 6 DC- 12- 2 , 30 (360/6p, = 2).
, DC
- Udc,HB,
5-
(, Uxn).

SpLx SpRx
(1 = on, 0 = off, p = 1, 2). 5
5,
, 6 4 Uxn = 0 Uxn = Udc,HB
.
. 14
.
5.
5LSC2LHB VSC
Uxn
S1Lx S1Rx S2Lx S2Rx U1xn U2xn
1
1 0 1 0 Udc,HB Udc,HB 2Udc,HB = Udc/2
2
1 0 1 1 Udc,HB 0
3
1 0 0 0 Udc,HB 0
2Udc,HB = Udc/2
4
1 1 1 0
0 Udc,HB
5
0 0 1 0
0 Udc,HB
6
1 1 0 0
0
0
7
1 1 1 1
0
0
8
0 0 1 1
0
0
0
9
0 0 0 0
0
0
10
0 1 1 0 Udc,HB Udc,HB
11
0 1 1 0 Udc,HB Udc,HB
12
0 1 1 1 Udc,HB 0
13
0 1 0 0 Udc,HB 0
2Udc,HB = Udc/4
14
1 1 0 1
0 Udc,HB
15
0 0 0 1
0 Udc,HB
16
0 1 0 1 Udc,HB Udc,HB 2Udc,HB = Udc/2

www.powere.ru

. 14. 5LSC2LHB VSC

.
, 3 ,
, .
iph . 15. (S1Lx,S1Rx, S2Lx,S2Rx) (S 1Lx,
S1Rx,S2Lx, S2Rx) ( 2 2 ), ( )
2Udc,HB 2Udc,HB ( 5).
Udc,HB Udc,HB , , , (S1Lx,
S1Rx, S2Lx,S2Rx) (S1Lx, S1Rx,S2Lx, S2Rx) ( 5).
,
(S 1Lx, S 1Rx, S 2Lx, S 2Rx),
-. ,
DC-
Udc,HB = Udc/4 Udc/2 3L-NPC 3L-FLC.
, -.

-
,
.
3
: (Phase
Shifted, PS),
(Carrier Disposition, CD) (Hybrid, H)
. PS,
.
4
, (TC/4). -

5L-SC2LHB
VSC . 16, Utri,L1,
Utri,R1 Utri,L2, Utri,R2
- ( ).

Ucon,x (x = a, b, c).
8 TC. :

Ucon,x > Utri,Lp (SpLx: on,S pLx: off)

Ucon,x < Utri,Lp (SpLx: off,SpLx: on)
Ucon,x > Utri,Rp (S pRx: on, SpRx: off)
Ucon,x < Utri,Rp (SpRx: off, SpRx: on)
p = 1, 2

5L-SC2LHB
VSC . 16,
S1Lx,S1Rx, S2Lx S2Rx.

Udc /2, (Ucon,x > Utri,L1,

Ucon,x > Utri,R1, Ucon,x > Utri,L2,
Ucon,x > Utri,R2)
Udc /4, (Ucon,x > Utri,L1,
Ucon,x < Utri,R1, Ucon,x > Utri,L2,
Ucon,x > Utri,R2)
Uag = 0,
(Ucon,x > Utri,L1,
Ucon,x
<
Utri,R1, Ucon,x > Utri,L2,

Ucon,x
<
Utri,R2)

Udc, /4, (Ucon,x > Utri,L1,

Ucon,x < Utri,R1, Ucon,x < Utri,L2,
Ucon,x < Utri,R2)
Udc, /2, (Ucon,x < Utri,L1,
Ucon,x < Utri,R1, Ucon,x < Utri,L2,
Ucon,x < Utri,R2)
( ) . 16.
n n,
Uan, Ubn Un
.
- (, Udc,HB = Udc/4),
5L-

63

, 22009

. 16. 5LSC2LHB VSC: a)

Ucon,x, Utri,L1, Utri,L2, Utri,R1, Utri,R2; )
; ) Uan; )
Uab; ) Uan

. 15.
5LSC2LHB VSC

SC2LHB 5 : Udc/2, Udc/4

0 (. 16). , , U ab = U anU bn 9 : U dc,
3Udc/4, Udc/2, Udc/4 0 (. 16).
Uan, Ubn Un,
. 16, :

13 : 7U dc/12,
Udc/2, 5Udc/12, Udc/3, Udc/4, Udc/6 0.
6, . 17
17 ( ma = 1,15 mf = 15).
, 4
(f1Cb = 4fC). , 5LSC2LHB VSC ,
3L-NPC VSC.
.
, 7L-SC2LHB VSC
H- ( = 3) 36 -

64

, 9 18-
3 ,
20 (360/6).
- . 18, 5L-SC2LHB.
PS 6 , TC/6. (Utri,L1, Utri,R1),
(Utri,L2, Utri,R2), (Utri,L3, Utri,R3)
, .

:
,

. 17.
5LSC2LHB VSC

6. 5LSC2LHB VSC
.

Udc

3Udc/4

2Udc/3

7Udc/12

Uxn'
Uab
Uxn

Udc/2

5Udc/12

Udc/3

Udc/4

www.powere.ru

Udc/6

0
0
0

, 22009

, , ,
.
,
. ,
.

. 18.  7LSC2LHB VSC:

a) Ucon,a, Utri,Lp, Utri,Rp; ) (mf = 3)

;


, ;

www.powere.ru

;
(, cos ).
,
1975 , -

1. .
// . 2008. 3.
2. Investigation and Comparison of Multi-Level
Converters for Medium Voltage Applications.
Technische Universitt. Berlin, 2007.
3. Baker R. H. Electric Power Converter. U.S.
Patent 3,867,643, February 1975.
4. Hammond P. W. Medium Voltage PWM Drive
and Method. U.S. Patent 5,625,545, assigned to
Halmar Robicon Group, April 1997.
5. Duba G. A., Thaxton E. S., Walter J. Modular
Static Power Converter Connected in a MultiLevel, Multi-Phase, Multi-Circuit Configuration.
U.S. Patent 5,933,339, assigned to Electric Boat
Corporation, August 1999.
6. Khersonsky Y. Step Switched PWM Sine
Generator. U.S. Patent 6,556,461, assigned to
Power Paragon Incorporated, April 2003.

65