Article lil BILL OF RIGHTS Concept of a bill of rights. of righty may be defined as 8 declaration and enumeration of @ or Senne ‘rights and privileges which the Constitution is designed to protect agamst violations by the government, or by an individual or groups of individuals, It is a charter of liberties for the individual and & limitation upon the power of the State,’ . Its basis is the social importance accorded to the individual in a demo- cratic or republican state, the belief that every human being bas intrinsic dignity end worth which must be respected and safeguarded ‘The new Constitution incorporates in Article IM all the basic rights in the former Charter. It also awards new rights to the individual, (see Sees. 8,11, 12, 13, 18f1}, 19.) Classes of rights. The rights that a citizen of a democratie stateenjoys may be classified inte: (2) Natural rights. — ‘They are those rights possessed by every citizen without being ranted by the State for they are given to man by God as a human being created to His image so that he may live 2 happy life, Examples are the right to life and the right to love; (2) Constitutional rights. — They are those rights which ave conferred and protected by the Coristitution. Since they are part of the fundamental law, they cannot be modified or taken away by the law-making body; and (8) Statutory rights — They are those rights which ure provided by laws promulgated by te law-making body and. consequently, may be abolished by the same body. Examples are the right ta receive @ minimum wage and the right to adopt a child by un unrelated person. "See 1 Cooley 594-595; 9 Black, Com sional Law, 3d ed, pp. 9-10, *