NutritionthroughtheLifeCycle

Practical
DietAnalysis

Instructor
HabibaA.Nur,Ms

Student:
TaherehMokhtari
(S00846740)

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1

FoodRecord

Afoodrecordorfooddiaryisadetaileddescriptionofallfoodsandbeveragesconsumed
over a specified period. Usually this time is 37 day. The days are selected include 2
weekdaysand1weekendday.Thepurposeofthisistoreviewanyfoodhabitchangedduring
weekend days. The record should include all meals, snacks, nibbling, and beverages
includingwaterandcocktails.Respondentsshouldrecordtheirdietaryconsumptionwith
portionsweighed,measuredorestimated.Thismethodhasmoreaccuratedatathan24hour
recall.Foodrecordhaslowdependencyonmemory (Mirnalini,Ketall,2007).Detailed
dietary intake can be obtained on food preparation, timing of meals and snacks by this
method.Itisveryaccurate.Datathatobtainedfromthismethodaremorerepresentativeof
eatinghabitsandusualdietaryintake.Itisreasonablyvalidupto5days.
Therearetwotypesoffoodrecord:
1.1.1

Weighedfoodrecord:

This method often referred as the Gold Standard of dietary assessment because of its
precise quantitative measurement of dietary intakes. Prior to its consumption, anything
shouldbeweighedormeasuredandthisamountmustberecorded.Respondentsshouldwrite
thebrandnamesandrecipesofcompositefoods.Ifsomethingwasremainedaftereating,
individualsshouldweighthatanddeductfromoriginalrecordedweight.
1.1.2

Unweighedfoodrecord:

Inthismethodrespondentsusehouseholdmeasuresordescriptionofportionsizesto
recordallfoodanddrinkconsumptions.

OBJECTIVES:
1

Todeterminethedifferencesineatinghabitsduringtheweekversustheweekend.

To compare the week day and weekend day calorie intake totals to MyPyramid
estimatedcalorieneeds

To compare week day, weekend day, and day 3 intakes in relation to the
recommendationsreport,calorieandfatreport,andtheMyPyramidreports.

Todeterminethechangesandimprovementsinday3comparedtothetypicaldiet

Todiscussphysicalactivityreport

MATERIALS:

Standardhouseholdmeasuringcupsandspoons,MyPyramid,MaterDietProsoftware,1
DayFoodRecordForm,Kitchenfoodweightingscale.

4
4.1

METHODS:
FoodRecord

Everythingateoverthreedayperiodwasrecorded.
1

Foodrecordingisstartedbywritingthetimewheneachfoodistaken.

WhathasbeeneatenisrecordedinthecolumnlabeledTypeoffood,includingany
snackormealitemsorevenapieceofcandy.

5
5.1

RESULTS
Calculations

Table1MacronutrientsReportintheThreeDaysFoodRecordsPlusDayThree
Day
WeekDay1
WeekDay2
WeekendDay
DayThree

Calorie
Goal
1698
1698
1698
1698

Actual
1226
1384
1472
1595

Carbohydrate(g)
Goal
306
306
306
306

Actual
151
114
179
275

Protein(g)
Goal
55
55
55
55

Actual
47
67
60
62

Fat(g)
Goal
28
28
28
28

DICUSSION

Asitmentionedintable1,IhadnotenoughenergyintakeandIhadcalorieintakelessthan
theamountthatineedduringtherecordedthreedays.Caloriesareneededtoprovideenergy
inordertoensurethebodyfunctionsproperly.Thenumberofcaloriesinfooddependsonthe
amountofenergythatfoodprovides.IfIhadsedentarylifestyleandlittlephysicalactivities,
maybethiskindofenergyconsumingcanhelpmybodyjusttomaintainmybasalmetabolic
rateinsomedays.

Myenergyintakesintheweekenddaywasslightlyhigherthanthe2weekdayshoweveritis
stilllessthanamountofcaloriesthatIhadtoconsume.Mycarbohyddrateintakeinallofthe

Actual
51
73
60
27

days waslessthanmygoalforcarbohydrateintake andtheamountofcarbohydratein

weekenddaywashigherthantheotherdays.Fortheproteinintakeasitispresentedinthe
tableinthefirstweekdayIdidntmeetthegoalforproteinintakebutinthesecondweekday
andtheweekenddayIoverconsumedtheprotein.Thegoalintakeoftotalfatwas28gandI
consumed 51 g, 73 g, 60 g total fat in week day 1, week day 2 and the weekend day
respectively.Mytotalfatintakeduringtheweekenddaywaslessthantheweekday2and
morethantheweekday1.

SomeofMymicronutrientintakesinthefirstweekdaywerehigherthanthegoalandsome
ofthemwerelower.VitaminA,Niacin,VitaminB6,VitaminC,Folate,Calcium,Folicacid,
Manganes,VitaminE,VitaminD,Potasium,Phosphoroiuds,andIronwerethemacronutirent
thatwereinsuficienltyintakenhoweverThiamin,Riboflavin,MagnesiumandZincwere
categirozedasthehighlyconsumedmicronutrients.

In the second week day, the amount of Thiamin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C
Fulate,Calsium,Iron,Magnasium,Potasium,Zink,VitaminD,VitaminEManganeseand
Fulic Acid intakes was less than the amount of goal for these micronutrients. Only the
consumptionofVitaminA,Riboflavin,NiacinandPhorphrouswassufficianlytaken.

AccordingtothedietanalysisofrecordedintakesoftheweekenddayThiamin,Riboflavin,
VitaminB12,Iron,Magnasium,andZincwassufficientlyconsumed.Basedontheresultsof
thedietanalysismyeatinghabitsinweekendarebettercomparedtotheweekdayshowever
mytotalfatandproteinintakeinallofthethreedayswashigherthanthegoalwhichmeans
thatIshouldhavereducemyfatandproteinintakes.Themicronutrientintakesofallthe

three days was poor and I should consumed more nutrient dense food such as fruits,
vegetablesanddairyproducts.

AccordingtothemypyramidrecommendationIshouldcosumegrains,vegetables,fruits,
milk,meatandbeans,andsmallamountofoils.Inmyplateduringthesethreedaystherewas
notenoughamontoffruits,vegetablesandmilkhoweverIcosumedalotoffoodshighinfat
andprotein.InordertohaveabalanceddietIneedtoconsumemorefruitsandvegetableand
lessfatsandmeats.

According to the dietary refrence intake the recommended intakes of macronutrients for
individuaks inmyage(1930y)are130gofcarbohydrate,46gproteinandas low as
possibleofoilintakes.BasedontheDRImycarbohydrateintakesintheweekday1,the
weekday2andtheweekenddaywere151g,114gand179grespectively.Mycarbohydrate
intakesintheweekenddayandthefirstweekdaywasmorethantherecommendedintakeby
DRI.Myproteinintakesinthethreedayswashigherthan46grecommendedbyDRI.The
intakeofproteinwashigherinthesecondweekday(67g)followedbytheweekendday(60)
andtheweekday1(47g).

Based on the DRI the recommended intakes of the vitamins in the week day 1 the
consumptionofVitaminA,Niacin,VitaminB6,VitaminC,Folate,Calcium,FolicAsid,
Manganes, Vitamin E, Vitamin D, Potasium, Phosphoroiuds, and Iron intakes were
insufficient. In the week day 2 Thiamin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C Fulate,
Calsium,Iron,Magnasium,Potasium,Zink,VitaminD,VitaminEManganeseandFulic
AcidwereinsuficientlyconsumedandintheweekenddayonlyThiamin,Riboflavin,Vitamin

B12,Iron,Magnasium,andZincweremettherecommendedintakesofmicronutrientsbased
ontheDRI.

Asthetable1presentsthecaleries,carbohydrateandfatintakeswereimporvedindaythree
dietanalysiscomparetothethreedaysfoodrecord.Theproteinintakeisstillslightleyhigh
fromthegoal.Regardingtothemicronutrientsbasedontheresultsofthedaythreeanalysis
there was the great improvement. The vitamins and minerals in the day three are well
improvedspeciallyforVitaminA,Thiamin,Niacin,Robofalvin,VitaminB6,VitaminC,
Calcuim,andIron.

Intermsoftotalfat,thedaythreediethaslesssaturatedfat,monofat,polyfatandcolestrol
comparedtotheweekday1,2,andtheweekenddaywhichishealthier.Inthedaythreethe
dietisrichinvegatbles,fruitsanddairyproducts.Inthedaythreediettherewasnotanyfast
foodsinsteadthedietwasmorenutrientdense.

AccordingtoTheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices(HHS),physicalactivityis
definedasanybodymuscularmovementproducedbythecontractionofthemusculoskeletal
systembywhichenergyexpenditureincreases(HHS,2008).Physicalactivityparticipationis
consideredasanimportantfactorinweightcontrol,Reduceriskofcardiovasculardisease,
type2diabetes,metabolicsyndrome,cancers,Strengthenyourbonesandmuscles,Improve
yourmentalhealthandmood,ImproveabilitytododailyactivitiesandIncreaseyourchances
oflivinglonger.

Therecommendedtimetobephysicallyactiveforadultsis30minutesormoreofmoderate
activity,eitherinoneboutorinmultiplesessionsofaminimumof10minutescontinuation
forfiveormoredaysinaweek(NHS,2011).BasedonthesethreedaysobservationsIdid
notfollowthereommendedphysicalactivity Ihadusualactivityatworkwhichwas305
caloriefortheweekendday.InordertohaveahealthylifestyleIhavetochangemyphysical
activitypattern.Ineedtobemorephysicalyactive.Ishouldput30minofmoderateintensity
physicalactivityinmyschedualatleast3daysoftheweek.

CONCLUSION

Myintakerecommendationofcarbohydratesintheweekday2wasslightlybelowtheDRI
recommendations.MyDRIrecommendationwas1698caloriesandmyactualconsumption
intheweekday1,weekday2andweekenddaywas1226,1384,1472caloriesrespectively.
My daily consumption of fiber was drastically low at only 9,11,14 grams. The fiber
consumptionoftheweekenddaywasthehighestamount(14g).Inthedaythreedietmyfiber
(35g)consumptionwasimproveddramatically.

I definitely need to adjust my diet so that I will consume more vegetables and a slight
increaseinfruits.Alltogether,IneedtoconsumeanextravegetablesdailywhichIwilldoby
eating salads, broccoli, cauliflower carrots and corn. I would modify my diet to get the
recommendedservingsforeachfoodgroupbyaddingthefoodsthatI'mmissingfrommy
diet.

REFERENCES
1KathleenMahanL,EscottStumpS.(2010).Krausesfood,nutritionanddiettherapy.
11thedition.
2Mirnalini, K., Zalilah, M.S., Chan, Y.M., Hazizi, A.B. (2007). Handbook on
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NutritionalAssessmentMethods.Selangor:AugustPublishingSdnBhd.
The NHS Information Centre, Lifestyles Statistics. (2011). Statisticsonobesity,
physicalactivityanddiet:England,2011.