1. Read "The Dilemma of the Intellectual" (24-1b).

Why does the author

feel estranged from his native culture? What is his answer to the
challenges faced by his country in coming to terms with the modern
world? To what extent can the author be characterized as a nationalist?
Native people generally didnt like foreign culture, and modern values
given by western culture. It is because they fear that western ideas will
change their society and people. It is the reason they discouraged modern
education initially. Anyone who tried in the native society to modernize
it, was not easily successful. Two examples of it can be given. One is Sir
Syed Ahmed Khan. He was Muslim leader of India and he was
impressed by Western system of education. He wanted to educate local
people and for this, he took many steps to accomplish his dream. Still
conservative people of his country initially opposed him. But finally his
struggle resulted in many new school and colleges in the country.