-

2007


: .
,
,
, .
,
.
,
, ,
.
, , ,
, .
, ,
, ,
.
.
,
(~). . ,
.
.
.
- .
- . ,
.

:
fr.
.
.
-
-
-
.
. .
. .
.

ACC

1
-
Accumulation place
, .
Acerose .
Ahondrite ;
.
Achroite ; .
Actinolite , ;
( ,
)
;
;
-
.
Adamant ;
.
Adamantine 1. ,
; ;
2. (
).
Adularia , ;

; - .
Aegirine ;
, ;
,
.

Aeroide ; ,
.Aquamarine.
Aerolite ; .
Aerosiderite ;

.
Afganite ; , .
Agalmatolite ; ,
, , ; .
Agaphite ();
, . Turquoise.
Agate ,
- ;
- ;
band ~ ;
blood ~ ;
Brazilian ~ . ;
bushes ~
, . ;
cloud ~ , ;
fire ~ ,
(
);
flint ~ ,

;

AGA
fortress ~
,
;
jasper ~ ;
Montana ~ - ;
moss ~ ,
;
onyx ~ ,
. ;
opal ~ ;
oriental ~
( );
quartzy ~
;
rainbow ~

;
royal ~
(
);
ruin ~ ;
star ~ ,
(
);
white ~ ;
wood ~ .
Agate-cornelian , ;
- ; - .
Agatized wood
, ;
- .
Aggregat(ion) .
Aggregate structure
.
Aggregated .

Agilite ;
.
Aglaurite ;
.
Agnesite ; .
Agnolite ;
-
- .
AGS (American Gem Society)

.
Agstein , . Jet.
Alabandite ();

, .
Alabaster , ; ;
;
Egyptian ~ ;
;
oriental ~ ;
;
specular ~ .
Alalite ,
-
, . Diopside.
Albite ; ( ),
;

.
Alexandrite ; ,

( , -
);

ALL
Amazonite ;
-

; -
.
Amber , ;

;
black ~ ; ;
blue ~ ;
Bone ~ . osseous amber;
Canada ~ ;
;
osseous ~ (), ;
pressed ~ .
Ambergris , ; , .
Amberine ;
.
Amberite . Ambrite.
Amberoide .
Amblygonite ;
( ,
);
,
-
;
.
Ambrite ;
.
Ambrosine ;
.
Amethyst ;

;
- ;

.
Allanite , ; ;
; .
Allochroite , -
; .
Allomeric .
Allophane ; ,
.
Alluvial deposit
();
,
.
Almandine ;
( ), -
- ;
; - .
Almandite ; .
Almaschite ;
.
Almendrilla ,
.
Alomite ;
;
- .
Aloushtite ;
.
Alpha-quartz -; .
Amatrice (); ,
,
; .

AME
lithium ~ ;
, ;
occidental ~ ,
;
oriental ~ 1. ,
; 2. .
Amethyst-Moskito ;
,
.
Ametrine ; ,
, - ;
- .
Amphiboles ;
, ,
, . ;

.
Amygdule .
Analcime ;
, ,
;
-
;
.
Anatase ; ( ); ,
.
Andalusite ; ( );
();
.
Andesine ;
, , ,
; .

Andradite ;
( ), ; -
;
.
Angle ;
~ of descent ;
~ of despersion ;
~ of reflection ;
~ of total reflection ;
apparent optic ~
;
axial ~ ;
Bragg ~ ,
;
Brewsters ~
, ;
cleavage ~ ;
extinction ~ ;
fixed crystallographic~ ;
included ~ ();
interfacial ~ ;
optic (axial)~
;
polarizing ~ ;
refraction ~ ;
true optic ~ .
Anglesite ;
( ); .
Anhedral ,.
Anhydrite ; ( ) , ,

ANO
Aragonite ;
( ),
,
,

; .
Aragonitic lime . Aragonite.
Areng ,
.
Argental , .
Argentian ,
.
Argentic ,
.
Armenite ,
, . Azurite.
Ashirite , . Dioptase.
Asmanite ;
.
Asorite ; .
Aspidelite ; .
Assaying of minerals ,

.
Asteria ; .
Asteriated ( ,
).
Asterism ;

,

.
Astridite ;
.
Astrumite a, .Tibetan quartz.
Augelite ;
( );

;

.
Anomalous double refraction .
Antracite ;
.
Apache tear ; .
Apatite ; (
) , , , ;
- .
Aplom ; -
.
Apophyllite ;
(
) , ;
.
Appearance of fracture
.
Aprikothin ; 1.
-
- . - ();
2. - .
Aqua-ura 1.
; 2.


.
Aquagem ;
- .
Aqualite ;
.
Aquamarine ; -
; .

AUG
Aventurism ; ( ).
Axes of elasticity ,

, .
Axe-stone . Nephrite.
Axinite ;
( ,
, ),
,
;

.
Azorite . Zircon.
Aztec agate a ; .
Azurchalcedony ,
. Azurlite.
Azurite ; ( ); ;

.
Azurlite ;
,
.
Azurmalachite , ; .
Bacalite ;
(. , ).
Bacon 1. ; 2. .
Baddeleyite ;
( ),
;
.
Baguette cut
.

.
Augite ; ;

,
()
. . .
Aureate .
Auric .
Aurichalcite ;
(
);
.
Auriferous ;
.
Auriferous gravel
.
Automolite ,
-
, . Gahnospinel.
Aventurescence ;
,

, , ,
.
Aventurine ; 1. ; , . .
; 2.

;

,
; 3.
.
Aventurine fieldspar
, . Aventurine.

BAG
Baguette straight cut (), .
Baguette tapered cut
(), .
Baikalite ; - .
Baiy-topaz -;
- .
Balas ; - .
Ballagier -, . Balas.
Ballas ; , - ;

.
Baltimorite ;
- - ().
Baotite ; ( ,
);
.
Barite ; (
); ;
heavy ~ , .
Baritocalcite ;
( ); .
Barrel-quartz .
Basalt scoria ;
(
).
Basanite ;
.

Bastard 1.
; 2. ; 3.,
.
Bayate ; .
Bazzite ; Sc-
- .
Bearding ()
, .
Bediasite ;
().
Beekite ; .
Beekite ring
; .
Benitoite ; (
) , ;
.
Berkeyite ; .
Bernstein , ,
.
Beryl ; ( ); ;
;
black ~ ;

-
,
;
blue ~ -
, NO3-,
. ;

10

BER
cesium ~ ;
;
golden ~ ;
1. (-

- ); 2.. hrysotile;
green ~ ;
.
maxiks ~ ,. blue beryl.
Beryllonite ;
( ); .
Beta ; 1. ,

; 2.
;
3. .
Biaxial ().
Biharite , . Aventurine.
Bildstein ,,
. Agalmatolite.
Billitonite ; .
Billot
( ).
Binches
.
Birefractance .
Birefracting .
Birefraction , ;
.
Birefractive .
Birefringence , ;
high ~ .

Birefringence dispersion
; ,
, .
Birefringent .
Birne ;
,
.
Birthstone ; ,
.
Bismutotantalite ;
;
.
Bixbite ; - .
Black ; 1. ()
; 2. .
Black onyx ;

; -
.
Blackjack . Sphalerite.
Bleb 1. , ;
( ); 2. .
Bleimalachite .
Blue , ;
~ asbestos ;
;
~ earth ;
~ John ;
;
mineral ~ ;
mountain ~ ;

11

BLU
Prussian ~
; .
Blue chrysoprase ,
.
Blue elvan , . Serpentinite.
Blue ground ( ).
Blue peach ; - .
Blue-asbestos ;
.
Bo()rt ; 1.
;
2. .
Bodenbenderite ;
.
Boleite ; ( ),
.
Bolon spath ; .
Bone ; :

;

.
Boracite ;
( );
.
Botch .
Botryoid ; .
Botryolite ; .
Bottom halves . Lower girdle facets.

Boulangerite ; ( ),

-.
Bouteillenstein
, . Moldavite.
Bovesite ;
.
Bowenite ;
.
Brait .
Brazilian cut .
Brazilianite ; (
)
;

.
Brazilite ;
- ;
.
Breithauptite ; ( ); .
Brewsterlinite ;
, , .
Brilliance ( ).
Brilliancy
.
Brilliant ; 1.
; 2. (

57 ).
Brilliant Eppler ;

.

12

BRI
Brilliant Johnson and Roesch ;

.
Brilliant Tolkowsky
; ,

.
Briolette ; ,
.
Brittle ( .).
Bromellite ; ; .
Brookite ; (
) ,
;
,
.
Brown ;
.
Brusite ; (
);
( )
,

.
Buergerite ; ,
(

); -
(-,
Cu, Mn
).
Bullion
; .

Bustamite (
);

;
, .
Button:
assay ~ (),
;
australite (blackfellows) ~
;
.
Bye . By-water.
Bytownite ;
;
.
By-water .
Cabchon ;
,
.
Cabocle ;
.
Cacholong ;
; - .
Cacoxenite ;
(
);
-.
Cairngorm ;
,
.
Calcite ;
( ),

,
;
;

13

CAL
;
optical ~ ;
sparry ~.
Calcomalachite ;
, .
Callainite ;
,
; - ; .
Callais ;
.
Callaite , . Turquoise.
Cameo ;

(
, , ).
Canada balsam ;
, .
Cancrinite ; ( ) , , ;
; .
Cand .
Candite ; .
Cape ;
,
. Cape diamond;
silver ~ .
Carapace ; ,
.
Carat 1. (ct); , 100-

0,2 ; 2.
.
Carat-goods .
Carbon . Carbonado;
mineral ~ (,
, ).
Carbonado ; 1. -
, ;
2. .
Carborundum ; , .
Carbuncle ;
1.
(); 2.
- .
Carre
, . Englishsquare cut,
Step cut.
Cassis ; ,

; .
Cassiterite ;
( )
;




.
Catalinite ;
.
Catapleite ; ( );
; .

14

CAT
Cats-eye ; ,


.
Catseyete ;

;
.
Cavansite ;
( );
, .
Cavity
.
Celestine ; (
); ,
, ; .
Celonite ;
.
Center (US), Centre (Br. E.) .
Ceruleite ; ( ) - ;
.
Cerussite c;
( )
,
,
; ;
.
Ceylonite , ;
.

Chabazite ;
( ), ,
;
,
.
Chadacryst ,
-.
Chalcedony ; ; ;
black ~ ;
chrysocolle ~
.
Chalcedonyx ;
- .
Chalchihuitl ;
,
, .
Chalchuite ; .
Chalcopyrite ; ( ); .
Chalcosiderite ; (
);
.
Charoite ; (
)
; - .
Chatoyancy , .
Chatoyant ( ,
).

15

CHE
Chert , ;
;
bedded ~ ;
halcedonic ~
;
nodular ~ .
Chian ;
.
Chiastolite ;
,
.
China cats eye . Operculum.
Chinarump .
Chinese soapstone , , .
Chips ; ,
.
Chizeulite . Andalusite.
Chlorite ; ;

;

.
Chloromelanite ; - ; - .
Chloropal , ;
;
- .
Chlorophane ; .
Chlorospinel ; - ; .

Choker ;
16 (
).
Chondrodite ; (
); .
Chromite , ;
( )
, -;
.
Chryselectrum ;
.
Chrysoberyl ;
( ),
- ;

.
Chrysocolla ; ;
(
); .
Chrysolite ();

-
; ;
~ of Brazil
, .
Chrysopal ; Ni-c
.
Chrysophoron .
Chrysoprase ; -

; .
Chrysoquartz ; .
Chrysotile ;
.
CIBJO Confdration Internationale de
La Bijouterie, Joaillerie, Orfvrerie,

16

CID
Perles et Pierres (International
Confederation of Jewelry, Silverware,
Diamonds and Stones) .
Ciderite ; ( ) ,
- ; .
Cipolin , ;
.
Citrine ,
,
;
- ; - .
Citrine-Madeira.
Citrine-Palmeira , .
Cleavage ;

;
distinct ~ ( );
eminent ~
;
imperfect ~
;
good ~
;
perfect ~ ;
poor ~
().
Cleavage brittleness , .
Cleavage plate .
Cleaved surface.
Clevage ; , -

.
Clinoghumite ;
(
);

.
Clinozoisite ;
( );
.
Cloud
, , .
Coal-jet , . Jet.
Coarsely crystalline .
Cobaltite ; ( )
;
, .
Cockle .
Colemanite ;
( ); .
Colour , , ;
axial ~
( );
extreme ~
( );
interference ~ ;
Colour zone ; .
Coloured ;
.

17

COM
Combined cut
().
Common salt ,
. Halite.
Conch ;
.
Conchiolin , ( ).
Conchite .
Copal ; .
Coral ;

( -
);

, , .
Coralloidal aragonite
.
Cordierite , ,
; (
) , ,
; ;
hydrous ~ .
Corindon . Corundum.
Cornelian onyx -;
.
Cornerupine ;
( )
, ,
, ;
, , ,
.

Corubin ;
.
Corundum ; (
);

: ,
;
star ~ .
Cristobalite , Si2.
Crocidolite ;
;
.
Crocoite ; ( );
.
Cross hatching .
Crossed polar .
Crown ;
, .
Crown Main . Kite facets.
Cryolite ; ;

.
Crystal , ;
arborescent ~ ,
;
arrow-head twins ~ ;
asicular ~ ,
;
asymmetrical ~ ,
;
berg ~ . Rock crystal;
biaxial ~ ;
birefringent ~ ;

18

RY
bladed ~ - ;
bounded ~ ;
calcareous ~ ;
column ~ ;
corroded ~
;
curved ~ ;
domatic ~
;
edged ~ ;
embayed ~
;
encrusted ~ ;
flux-grown ~ , ;
giant ~ ;
growing ~ ;
host ~ -,
-;
iceland ~ ;
immature ~
;
irregular ~ ;
left-handed ~ () ;
negative ~ 1.
;
2.
;
phantom ~
(,

);
positive ~ ;
right-handed ~ () ;

rock ~ ;
seed ~ ;
single ~ ;
skeleton ~ ,
;
stellar ~ ;
tabular ~
;
twin ~ -,
;
zoned ~ .
Crystal axis .
Crystal form .
Crystal jam .
Crystal seeding .
Crystal settling
.
Crystal structure .
Crystal systems
() ;
hexagonal ~
;
isometric ~
() ;
monoclinic ~
;
orthorhombic ~ () ;
tetragonal ~
() ;
triclinic ~ .
Crystallite ,
.
Crystallization of minerals .
Crystalloluminescence .
Crystallographic axis .

19

CRY
Crystals ; ,
.
C. S. O. (Central Selling Organization)
, .
Cubosilisite
.
Culet ; ( ).
Culet facet ; ,

( ).
Cupel ;

.
Cupelation .
Cupids dart ; , .
Cuprite ; (
);

,
; .
Cuprozincite ; .
Cut a jewel
.
Cyanite , . Disthene.
Cymophane ; 1. - ;
2. .
Damsonite ;
.

Danburite ;
( ), , , ;
,
.
Dark ;
() .
Dark brown ;
.
Dark-field microscopy
.
Datolite ; ( ),
, ,
, ;

.
Davidsonite ;
- .
Defet ;
crystal ~ ;
lattice ~
.
Delawarite ;
.
Demantoid ;
-
- () ;
.
Dendrite .
Dendrolith ; .
Dentile bone ;
, ,
, .

20

DIA
Diagnostic value
.
Diamantiferous .
Diamantine (
).
Diamond 1. ; ;
2.
;
alluvial ~
;
;
black ~ 1. . arbonado;
2. ;
3.
;
ape ~ ;
;
carbon ~
;
coated ~
( ); ,
;
Cornish ~ ;

- - ;
drift ~ ,
;
extra ~ ;

;
hard core ~s
;
pique ~ ;

;
premium quality ~s
;
selected ~s ;
table ~
()
.
Diamond pipe .
Diamond-cutting shop
.
Diamond-shaped
, .
Diaspore ;
(- );

( ) ;
.
Dichroism ,
(
).
Dickite ; ();
,
, , .
Dickinsonite ;
; .
Diffractometer .
Digger .
Diopside ;
(
);
, ,

;
-

21

DIO
Dravite ;
,
- ; .
Dumortierite ;
( ) ,
;

, .
Dumortierite-quartz ,

.
Earth blue ;
.
Edge of crystal ()
.
Efflorescence .
Egeran ;
- .
Eicotourmaline ;
.
Eisenrose ; - .
Ekanite ;
( ),
;
.
Elastic , .
Elbaite ; , ;
.
Eldoradoite ;
.
Electrum ; 1. 20 % ;
2. .

,
.
Dioptase ,
; ( ) ;

,
.
Dirt ;
wash ~
.
Dispersion ;
.
Disthene . Kyanite.
Dolomite ; ( );
, ,
.
Domeykite ;
( ); .
Double refraction ;

,

;
.
Double refringence ,
().
Doublet ;
.
Dowser ; ,
.

22

EMA
Emaldine , ;
;
.
Emerald ;
-
,
; ;
Brazillian ~
;
evening ~ , . hrysotile;
oriental ~ ( ).
Emerald cooper ,
. Dioptase.
Emerald ut ,

.
Emery 1. , ;
2. .
Emildine ; .
English square cut
.
English star cut
.
Enhydros , . Hydrolite.
Enstatite ;
(
) ,
, ;

(
,
).
Eocrystal ;

.

Eozite ;
, . Tibetn quartz.
Epaulet ;
.
Epidote ; ( )
,
;
.
Eremeyevite . Jeremejevite.
Essence pearl ; ,
;
.
Essonite ;
, . Hessonite.
Euclase ;
( )
, ,
;
.
Eucolite ;
- .
Eudialyte ;
( )
, ;

.
Euxenite ; ;
.
Extra ;

.
Extra river
.
Face , ;
cleavage ~ ;

23

FAC
composition ~
;
crystal ~ .
Facet , ;

.
Faceted ,
.
Faceted surface
.
Faceting ;
.
Fairbern ;
- .
Fancy cut diamond
(
, ).
Faustite ; ,
,
; .
Favas ; ,
;
zircon ~ , .
Fei tsui ;
.
Ferrospinel ;
1. . Hercynite; 2.

.
Fibrolite ; - .
Fieldspars ;
,

( );
avanturine ~
.
Fineness of gold .
Finished diamond
().
Firestone ;
; .
First water .
Fish eye ;

.
Flame:
oxidizing ~
(
);
reducing ~
(

).
Flats ; ,
.
Flexible , .
Flint ; ,
, ;
cherty ~ ;
white ~ .
Flintglass ,
;
.
Flinty .
Flowstone .
Fluorescence
();

.

24

FLU
Fluorite ,
; ( ); ,
;

.
Fluorspar . Fluorite.
Foid .
Forcherite ;
.
Form , ;
cleavage ~

;
crystal ~ 1.
; 2. ;
singular crystal ~ ().
Fossil , .
Fossil linen , .
Fracture 1. ;
,
; 2. ;

,
;
conchoidal ~ ;
earthy ~ ;
even ~ ;
flinty ~ ;
granular ~ ;
hackly ~ ;
plane ~ ;
rough ~ ;
slate ~ ;
splinter ~
;
uneven ~ .

Framework:
internal crystal ~
.
Free way vector .
Friedelite ;
( );
;
.
Froth:
igneous-rock ~ ;
iron ~ .
Full cut
(57 ).
Gadolinite ;
( , );
;
.
Gagate .
Gahnite , ;
(
) -, ;

.
Gahnospinel ; ,
; ; .
Galenite ; ( ), ;
.
Galliard , .
Gangue .
Gargulho ; ().

25

GAR
Garnet ;
:
;
;
, ;
black ~ . Andradite;
Bohemian ~ ; - ;
calcium aluminium ~. Grossular;
calcium chromium~ c. Uvarovite;
calcium-iron ~ c. Andradite;
common ~ c. Almandine;
demantoid ~ ;
- ;
;
: ;
Fashoda ~ - ;
iron ~ ;
iron-aluminum ~
, . Almandine;
lime ~ ;
, ;
magnesium-aluminum~ . Pyrope;
oriental ~ ;
pinwheel ~
,
;
precious ~ .
Gas bubble
( ).
Gaspeite ;
( ,
);
-

;
.
Gaylussite ;
(
), ,
e; .
Gedanite , ; .
Gedenbergite ;
(
), -, -; .
Geliodore ; ; .
Gelite ;
.
Gem , .
Gem cutter .
Gemma ;
.
Gemmary . Gemmology.
Gemmiferous
.
Gemmology ;
.
Gemmy
.
Gems ; ,
,
.
Gems of organic origin ; (, , ,
.);
- .

26

GEM
Gemstone .
Gendarm
.
Generatrix
.
Geode .
Geodic .
Gersbyite ; ,
.
Gersdorffite ; (
);
.
GIA (Gemmological Instituteof
America) .
Girasol ;

.
Girdle ;

() ()
.
Glance ;
iron ~ . Hematite.
Glass ;
Aventurine ~
, ;
impact ~ ;
lead ~ ;
Libyan Desert ~
; ,
;
magnifying ~ ;
microscope ~ ;
Muscovy ~ ;
sealing ~ .
Glassies
.

Glessite ;
.
Glesum .
Glimmer .
Goethite ; (- );


.
Gold ;
bismuth ~ ( );
black ~ 1. ; ,
; 2. ;
cat ~ ;
;
cement ~ ,
;
coarse ~ ;
copper ~ ;
crown ~ ;
flake ~ ;
flour(ed) ~ 1. ;
2. ;
fools ~ ;
, ;
free ~ ;
heavy ~ ;
iridium ~ ;
leaf ~ ;
massive ~ ,
;
mosaic ~ ;
mustard ~ ( ) ;

27

GOL
paint ~
;
palladium ~(
, 10 % Pd);
placer ~ ,
;
platinum ~ ;
primary ~ ;
river-bar ~ ;
rusty ~ ; ,
;
shotty ~ ;
standart ~ ;
stream ~
;
wire ~ .
Gold digging .
Gold finder .
Gold flour .
Gold-bearing .
Gold-containing .
Gold-mining .
Goldstone ; 1.
; 2. - . ().
Goshenite ;
; .
Gosselite ; . Viridine.
Grade (), , ;
colour ~ .
Grain ; 1.
, 0,05 ; 2. , ;
~ of crystal ;
carat ~ ;
.

Grainer ;
() (0,25 ),
- .
Grandidierite ;
(
, , );
.
Grandite ; , .
Graphite ; ;
, .
Green cooper , c. Malachite.
Green olympic
() .
Green onyx , .
Greenstone , . Nephrite.
Grenat(l)ite (), . Staurolite.
Griotte
( ).
Grossular ; ( ),
;
, ; .
Grossularite (
); ; .
Grothite ; e
.
Ground girdle
.
Growth ;
corner ~ ();
edge ~ ();
grain ~ ();

28

GYP
parallel ~
();
secondary ~
();
zonal ~
().
Gypsum ; 1. (
); 2. ,
, ;
fibrous ~ .
Gypsum flower
.
Habit ;

;
acicular ~ ;
bladed ~ ;
columnar ~ ;
crystal ~ ;
dendritic ~ ;
filamentous ~ ;
lamellar ~ ;
long columnar~
;
needle ~ ;
prismatic ~
;
pyramidal termination ~
;
short columnar ~ ;
striated ~ ;
tabular ~ ;
tinguaitic ~ .
Hairstone ;
;
Venus ~ ;

;
Fetida ~ ;


.
Halite ; (
), .
Hambergite ;
( ); ;

.
Hancockite ; ( );
.
Hand specimen , .
Hard bank .
Hardness ; .
Hardness points

.
Hat ;
.
Hauyne ,
;
.
Hawks eye () ;

.
Heart ut .
Heavy medium separation
.

29

HEC
Hecatolite
.
Heliotrope ; - .
Heliodor ; ;
.
Heliolite ( ).
Hemachate ;
.
Hematine ;
( ).
Hematite ; (
); : - ;
,
;
(,
, )
;
black ~ ;
brown ~ , ;
specular ~ ,
.
Hemimorph(ic)
(
).
Hemimorphite , ;
( ) ,
, ;

;

.
Hercynite ,
; (
); -, - ;
.
Herderite ;
( ); .
Hererite ;
;
.
Hessonite ();
- ; .
Heteromorphic ( , ).
Hexad
.
Hexagonite ;
; .
Hexahedrite ;
.
Hexahedron .
Hexatetrahedron .
Hexoctahedron .
Hiolite ;
( );
;
.
Hodgkinsonite ();
(
) -
- ; -

.

30

HOL
Holohedral ,
.
Holtite ;
( ) , ;

.
Horn 1. ; 2.
.
Horn ;
,

.
Hornstone , .
Horseflesh .
Howlite ; ( );

;
.
HRD (Hoge Raad voor Diamant
Diamond High Council)
.
Hue 1. , ();
2. ,
, , .
Huges balance ;
.
Hyacinth ;
- ;
.
Hyalite ;
.
Hyalithe ;
.

Hyalopsite ;
;
.
Hydrocerussite
( );

.
Hydrogrossular ;

;

.
Hydrolite ,
, .
Hydrophane , .
IDC (International Diamond Council)
.
Idiomorphic .
IDMA (International Diamond
Manufacturers Assoiation) .
Idocrase , . Vesuvianite.
Ilmenite ;
( ); ,
.
Immersion ;

.
Impactite ;
.
Inclusion thermometry .

31

IND
Indicolite , ;

; .
Inesite ; (
) -
; -

, -
.
Intergrowth
();
graphic ~ () ;
mineral ~ .
Iolanthite ;
.
Iolite ; . Cordierite.
Ionite ;
.
Iridescence ;
.
Iron ;
cosmic ~ ;
meteoric ~ ;
native ~ ;
oligist ~ . Hematite;
pure ~ .
Irregulars ; ,
.
Isomorphism .
Ivorite ;
.
Ivory ;
fossil ~ .
Jacinth ; ; .

Jack . Sphalerite;
blue ~ a;
rosin ~ ;
steel ~ .
Jade ; 1. ; 2. ;
3. ;
amazonite ~ ;
American ~
- ;
serpentine ~ ;
spinach ~ - .
Jade Indian ;

.
Jadeite ; ,
(
);
- ; - .
Jadeitite ;
; .
Jager -
.
Jargo(o)n ;
; .
Jasp(ery), -(iden), -(ideous) .
Jaspachate, jaspagate .
Jasper ,
;
;
agate ~ ;
ball ~ - .
();

32

JAS
Egyptian ~
( );
opal ~ , ;
oriental ~ . ;
porcelain ~ ;
riband (ribbon) ~ ;
xyloid ~ ,

.
Jasperine .
Jasperite , . Jasper.
Jasperoid 1. ;
;
2. .
Jaspilite ,
.
Jaspis . Jasper.
Jaspoid 1. ( );
2. ( ).
Jasponyx .
Javaite ; .
JC WFDB (Joint Committee of
World Federation of Diamond
Bourses) .
Jelinite , ;
.
Jeremejevite ;
( ) - ;
.
Jet , ;
;
.
Jetstone .
Jewel .

Jobs tear ;
.
Jolly balance ; .
Kalbaite ;
.
Kalifeldspath ,
; ,
, ;
.
Kaolinite , ;

; .
-
, .
Karabe .
Kauri ; :
.
Kawk , .
Kesvik ; .
Kimberlite ; ,
;
.
Kinradite ; ,
.
Kiscellite ; .
Kite facets
( ).
Kochenite ;
.

33

KON
Kongsbergite ;
.
Kovelline ;
( );
.
Krantzite ; .
Kreedite ;
( ) ,
, ;
.
Kunzite ;
, ; .
Kurnakovite ; ; .
Kyanite , ;
( ) ,
; -

.
Labrador(e), (ite) ;
;
.
-, ,
( )
;


.
Lagoon ; .
Lamber .
Landerite ;
.

Landscape agate ,
.
Langbeinite ; (
); ;
.
Lapidary ;
;
~ workshop .
Lapis-Lazuli , -; 1.
(
) ; 2.
(-
), .
Lat yay ; .
Lardite , . Aventurine.
Lardite ; 1.
; 2. .
Large , . Mele.
Laser drill hole e, .
Lasques ;
,
.
Lattice ();
crystal ~ ;
space ~ .
Law:
~ of constancy of interfacial
angles
;
~ of refraction ;
~ of symmetry ;
albit twin ~
;
twin ~ .

34

LAW
Lawsonite ;
(
) ,
;
.
Lazule, Lazuli ;.Lapis-Lazuli.
Lazulite ; ( )
,
;

.
Lazurite ; . Lapis-Lazuli;
calcium ~ .
Lead .
Left-handed (
).
Leonite , . Tibetan quartz.
Lepidocrocite ; , .
Lepidolite ;
( , )

;

.
Leucite ;
( ) ,
, e;
.
.
Leucophanite ;
(
, )
, e-
;

.

Leucophoenicite ;
(
); .
Liebenbergite ;
( );

.
Light 1. , ;
2.; 3. ;
black ~ ;
;
polarized ~ ;
reflected ~ ;
refracted ~ .
Lignite .
Ligurite ;
.
Lime ;
;
aragonitic ~ . Aragonite.
Linarite ;
( );
.
Line:
Becke ~ () ;
bright ~ , () ;
conjugation ~ .
Linen:
fossil ~ , .
Lisbon ut .
Lodranite ; .
Love-arrow ;

.
Lower girdle facets
( ).

35

LUD
Ludlamite ; ( ,
, )
; .
Luster ; ,
;
adamantine ~ () ;
brilliant ~ ;
dull ~ () ;
earthy ~ ;
glassy ~ ;
grasy ~ ;
metallic ~ ;
metallic-adamantine ~ - ;
pearly ~ ;
pitchy ~ ;
resinaceous (resinous)~ ;
satiny ~
() ;
soapy ~ ;
submetallic ~ ;
subvitreous ~ ;
vitreous ~ ;
waxy ~ .
Lusterless (
).
Lyd(d)ite , .
Lyophile
.
Mackle, Macle 1. ; ( );
2. ; 3. .

Mackles ; ,
.
Macled .
Macro-axis ().
Macrocrystalline .
Magnesite ;
( ) , ; -

.
Magnesium-aluminate . Spinel.
Magnetite , ;
( );
; .
Maidenhair ,
, .
Makeables ; ,
.
Malachite ; ( );
; ;
;
- ;
blue ~ . Azurite.
Malachon(e), Malacon
(
).
Malacolite . Diopside.
Maldenstone .

36

MAL
Malleable (,
).
Manganandalusite . Viridine.
Manganotantalite ; ; .
Marble ;
; ;
banded ~ ;
;
bardiglio ~ ;
birds-eye ~
; ;
black and gold ~
;
bougard ~
,
;
breccia ~ ;
brocatel(le) ~ ;
calico ~ ;
Campana ~ ;
Cannes ~ ;
carl-silicate ~ ;
Carrara ~ ;
cave ~ ;

;
fire ~ ;
green ~ ;
landscape ~
;
lepanto ~ ;

;

lumachelle ~ ; ;
lyonnaice ~
;
madrepore ~
;
magnesian ~
;
onion ~ ;
;
onix ~ ,
;
sedementary ~
;
serpentine ~ ;
shell ~ .
Marbled .
Marcasite ,
; (
) -
, ; ,
.
Mariposite (- ).
Marquise ut
.
Martite ;
.
Mascareignite ;
, .
Massic ; .
Matinee ; 22 (
).

37

MAT
Matorolite ; Cr-, - .
Maucherite ;
( ); .
Maw-sit-sit --;
;
.
Mayaite ;
;
.
Mazariny ut .
Medicine pearl ;

( .).
Medium:
immersion ~
;
mounting ~
( );
refracting ~ ;
specific gravity ~

, .
Melane ().
Mele ;
0,99 .
Melee
0,010,15 ct.
Meliphanite ;
(
, )
;

.
Menilite ;
.

Mesolite ;
; .
Metal 1. ; 2. ,
;
base ~ 1. , ; 2.
;
cerium ~
;
earth~-
;
ferrous ~ ;
fine ~ ()
;
native ~ ;
noble ~ ;
non-ferrous ~ ;
platinum ~
;
precious ~ ,
;
yellow ~ -.
Metallic ;
1. ;
2. .
Meteorite ,
;
cometary ~ ;
iron ~ ;
stony ~ , ,
;
stony-iron ~
.
Method:
Czochralski ~ ;
dark-field ~ ;
immersion ~ .

38

MIC
Micas ; ;
,
,
.
Microcline ;

;

;
;
green ~ ,
.
Microlite ; ; .
Microscope ;
binocular ~
;
dark-field ~
;
petrographic (polarizing) ~ .
Microsection .
Milarite ; (
, ) , -;
.
Mine , ;
gold ~ .
gravel ~
; ,
.
Mineral , ;
accessory ~ , -;
accompanying ~
, -;

acicular ~ ;
associate ~ -;
dichroic ~ ;
durable ~ ;
fragil ~ ()
;
hard ~ ;
heavy ~ ,
;
host ~ -,
;
indicator ~ -;
light ~ 1.
( 2,8 /3);
2. ;
magnetic ~ ;
metallogenic ~ ;
minor ~ ;
naturally occuring~
;
needle ~ ;
non-metallic ~ ;
ore ~ , ;
reference ~ ;
rock-forming ~ ;
secondary ~ ;
simple ~ ;
soft ~ ;
stable ~ ;
tracer ~ -;
typomorphic ~
;
varietal ~
, -;
vein ~ .
Mineral aggregates
.
Mineral habit and form
.

39

MIN
Mineral spot
.
Mirickite ;

.
Moir ( ).
Moissanite ;
( );


.
Moldavite ; (
, -
); - ;
,
.
Momme ;
, 3,75 .
Monazite ;
( );
-

.
Monocrystal .
Montebrasite ; ; .
Montmorillonite ;
( , , );

.
Moon half ,
.
Moonstone .

Moralla ; 1.
; 2.
.
Mordenite ;
; .
Morganite .Vorobyevite.
Morion ,
; .
Mor(o)lop (),
- .
Mosaic pebble ;

, .
Moss .
Mother-of-emerald 1.
();
2. .
Mother-of-pearl , . Blister pearl.
Murchisonite ;
1. ;
2.
( ).
Muscovite ;
( ); .


, .;

, ,
- .

40

NAB
Nablock
.
Nacre ; 1. ,
; 2.
. ,
; , .
Nacreous .
Naif ; 1. ,
;
2.
.
Nambulite ;
;
.
Nathrolite ;
, , ,
;
.
Native copper .
Naumanite ;
( ).
Near gem
(
).
Needle-like
( ).
Negative ; 1. , ,
; 2. ,

,
.
Neolith ; .
Nepheline ;
( )
, - ;

-
.
Nephrite ;
,
; , , , ;
- .
Neptunite ;
( , ,
).
Nickeline ; ( ); .
Nicol ; ;
crossed ~ ;
polarizing ~
.
Nicolo ;
.
Noat .
Nodular , ( ).
Nodule 1. , ,
; 2. , .
Non-ferrous ( ).
Nonpareil , .
Nosean (noselite) ;
;

;
.
Novaculite ,
; 1. ; 2.
().
Nugget .

41

OBS
Obsidian ;
( ).
Octahedron .
Odontolite ;

,
.
Oikocryst ;
-.
Old mine ut .
Oligoclase ;
, ,
, ;
; ,
,
.
Olivine ; (
);
;
();
;
- .
Onyx , ;
;
Algerian ~ ;
Californian ~
;
cave ~ ;
.

Onyx-opal -.
Opal ;
; ;
; ; - ;
blak ~ ; , ,
-
;
- - ;
boulder ~ ; 1.- ; 2.
;
cats eye ~
;
;
cherry ~ ;
-
;
common ~
(); , ;
contraluse ~ ; ,
;
harlequin ~ -;

;
fire ~ ; ,

42

OPA
rose ~ ; ;
sun ~ ;
. Fire opal;
water ~ ; ();

;
wax ~ (
); , - ;
wood ~
();
.
Opal-agate .
Opalescence ;
;
stellate ~
.
Opalescent ( ).
Opaline ; 1. ,
;
2., .
Opalite ;

.
Opaque , , .
Opera ;
30 (,
).
Operculum ;

, . .
, . hina stone.

, , , -
- ;
; ;
jasper ~ ;
lechosos ~ -; -
;
;
liver ~ ,
;
;
noble ~ ;
onyx ~ -;
;
orange ~ ,
, ;
;
pearl ~
, . acholong;
pinfire ~ ;

, ;
pitch ~ ();

, ;
plant ~ ;
precious ~ () ;
,
;
resin ~ ;
, , -,
;

43

OPT
Optic axis .
Optically negative
( ).
Order of interference colour

().
Or 1. ; 2. ;
blue copper ~ ;
copper pitch ~ ;
kidney ~ ,
.
Orient ; 1.
;
2. .
Oriental 1. (); 2. .
Orletz , ;
( ); .
Orthoclase ;
( );

, , ,
; .
Osteolite ; .
Ounce ();


, 31,1035 .
Outer rim .
Oval ut .
Padmaragaya ,
();
-
; .
Pagodite , ,
, ;
.
Painite ; ( ); -

- ,
; -
.
Painted stones ;
,
.
Palygorskite ; (
) ,
, ; .
.
Papagoite ;
(
);
.
Parachrosis
().
Parget .
Parisite ; ( ) -
- ;

.
Parting ;
,
, .
Pave
.
Pavilion
.
Pavilion faets
( ).

44

PAV
Pavilion main . Pavilion facets.
Peach ; ,
.
Pear cut .
Pearl ; ,



,
;

(
);
Abalone ~ ; ; Haliotis;
koya ~ ;
;
Alabaster ~
,
;
Alasmodon ~
, ;
Antilles ~ ; ,

;
Artificial ~
;
Atlas ~ ; ,
;
Avaby ~ , ; . Abalone pearl;

backthorn ~ ;
,

;
bamboo ~ ;
baroque ~ ;
, (Bulletshaped
; Top
; Pig ; Mushroom ;
Button ;
Tadpole ;
Cat head
; Drop ;
Tumbler ;
Seed );
Beau ~ (fr.) ;
;
Bell ~ ;
Biwa ~ ;
;
black ~ ; 1. ,
-
(
, , , );
2.
,

; 3.
;
blister ~ ;

;

45

PEA
blue ~ ; ;
bombay bunch ~
; ;
Broome ~ ; ,
;
bullhead ~ ( );
;
;
Burginion ~ ; ,
, ;
button ~
()
;
carre ~ ;
;
cassis ~ ; ,
Cassis;
cats eye ~
, . China cats eye;
ave ~ ;

;
Cellit ~ ;
, ;
Chank ~ ; ,

Turbinela scolumas;
Chicot ~ . blister pearl;

clam ~ ;
. conchitic pearl;
coconut ~ ;
1. ,

; 2. ,
;
conchitic ~ ;
, ;
coral ~ ;
;
Coro ~ ;
;
cultured ~ ();
;
cultured blister ~ .blister pearl;
cultered keshi ~ . keshi pearl;
De la Mar ~ (fr.) ; ;
De Meisner ~ (fr.)
; ,

;
Dear ~ ; ;
Decraqueler ~ (fr.)
; ;
demi ~ ; ;

46

PEA
Dugon ~ ;

,
;
Fire ~ . Billitonite;
freshwater ~
();

Unio,
; ;
Grain ~

0,25 ;
Green ~
- ;
hawks eye ~
; , ;
haystack ~ ; ;
hem ~ ; ,
;
hinge ~ ;
,

;
Ireland ~ ;
Ivory ~ ;
( );
Japan ~ , ;

jet ~ ; ;
keshi ~ ;
1.,
; 2. ;
Luly ~ ( ); ,
,
;
Mabe ~ ; -,
;
. ultured blister pearl;
Maiden ~ ;
;
Marvella ~ ;

;
Mickomo ~ ;

,
;
Mirror ~ . Luly pearl;
Mock ~ ;
;
Muscle ~ ;

,
(
);
mytilus ~ ;
;
natural ~ ; ;

47

PEA
nautilus ~ ;
,
Nautilus;
niggerhead ~
( ); , Quadrula ebena
( ), ;
occidental ~ ;
;
oriental ~ ;
, ,

;
paragon ~ ;
;
pariz ~ ;

;
Patone ~ ;
;
patrician ~ ;
;
Paua ~ , , . Abalone pearl;
Petal ~ ; ;
pink ~ ; ;

Pinna ~ ; ,
Pina;
pipi ~ ;
, ,
;
placenta ~ ;

;
Red Sea ~ ;
;
ripe ~ ;
;
rome ~ ;

, ;
scotland ~ ;
,
Unio,
;
semi-round ~ , . button pearl;
sheba ~ ; ,
;
South See keshi ~
;

Pinctada maxima,
, . akoya keshi pearl;
strawberry ~ ();

48

PEB
, ;

.
Periclase ;
( )
;
.
Peridot , ;

, . Olivine.
Perlite , ;

,
; .
Perruzzi cut .
Petalite ;
( ) ,
, , ;
,
;
.
Petrified wood ; ,
; .
Phassachate ;
- .
Phenachite, Phenakite ;
( ),
, ,
; .
Phosgenite ;
( ); .
Phosphophyllite ;
(

;
titani ~ ;

, ;
trokus ~ ; ,
Trocus;
turtleback ~
;
;
unios ~ ; ;
Visconsia ~ ; , Unio, ;
waxen ~ ; -

;
Western ~ ;
,
;
wing ~ ;

.
Pebble pup
.
Pebble scotch ;
, . .
Pectolite ; ( )
, , ,
;
-

49

PHT
, , ); .
Phthanite ,
.
Picotite , .
Piemontite ; (
); ;
.
Pierepontite ;
.
Pigeons blood red
; (
);
.
Pinacoid ;
basal ~ ();
front ~ ,
;
second-order ~
;
side ~ ;
third-order ~
.
Pirophillite ;
();

, ,
.
Pisolite ; 1. ;
2. ;
volcanic ~
.
Pitchstone ,
.
Plagioclase ;
,

;
, .
Plancheite ;
( ) ;
;
.
Plane ;
~ of mirror symmetry
;
~ of polarization
;
axial ~ 1. ;
2. ;
composition ~
;
crystallographic ~ ;
cubic ~ ;
octahedral ~ ;
optic axial ~
;
symmetry ~ ;
twin ~ ;
vibration ~
.
Plane-polarized .
Planerite ;
.
Plate:
cleavage ~ ;
streak ~
(
).
Platina (
).

50

PLA
Platiniferous
( ).
Platinum , Pt.
Play of colour .
Pleochroic .
Pleochroism ;

;
poor ~ ;
reflection ~
.
Plume .
Point ;
,
0,01 (0,002 );
hardness ~

;
inversion ~ .
Point stone
(

).
Polar axis .
Polariscope .
Polished diamond
().
Polisher .
Pollucite ;
( )
,
, ;
.
Polyzoan .
Porpezite ;
.
Positive .

Powellite ; ( ) ,
, ;
.
.
Prairien agate ;
-, .
Prasem ; 1. ; 2.
.
Prasopal ,
.
Praziolite ; .
Prehnite ; ( ), , , ;

,


.
Preious , .
Princess ut
.
Prosopite ; (
); .
Proustite ;
( )
- ;
.
Pseudochrysolite , .
Pseudomalachite ;
(
);

51

PUD
;
; .
Puddingstone ,
.
Pumpellyite ;
(
) ,
- ;
-
()
.
Pupillene ;


.
Purpurite ; ( )
- ;
- ,
;
.
Pyramid ;
.
Pyrargyrite ; ( )
- ;
.
Pyreneite , ;
, .
Pyrite ; ;
;

.
Pyrolusite ;
( ) -
;

, -.
Pyromorphite ; ( )
, , ;

.
Pyrope ; ( ),

; .
Pyroxenos , ;
.
Pyroxmangite , ;
( ) ; .
Quartz ; (
),

(,
.),
., ;

- ;
~ aventurine , . Aventurine.
~ crystal ,
;

52

QUA
~ crystal spheres ;
~ spheres , ;
c 48,62,
D 327
;
~ topaz ;
asteriated ~ ;
azure ~ -;
-
;
bastard ~
;
bi-colour ~

;
black ~ ,

;
bloody ~ ,
,
Fe
- ;
blue ~
, ;
buck (bull) ~
;
cats-eye ~ ;
champagne ~ ( );
chryso ~ ,

- ;
colour ~
;
dendritic ~ ;
gialin ~ - ;

gold in ~ ;
gold rutile ~ -

;
green aventurine ~
;
green ~
, . ;
hydrothermal ~ ;
maripozits ~ ;
optical ~
;
rainbow ~
,

;
red fire ~ ,

;
rose ~ ;
1.-
,
;
2. ,
Ti;
rutilated ~
(-);
sky blue ~ ;
, ;
smoke ~ ,
- ;
stalactitic ~ ;
star ~ ;
strawberry ~
-

53

QUA
displaement ~ ;
exchange ~ ,
;
redox ~ - .
Red manganese , ;
.
Refraction 1. , ; 2. ;
double ~ ,
;
single ~ ;
weak ~ .
Refractivity
.
Refractometer .
Refrigence .
Rejection ; 1.
,

; 2.
() .
Rhabdomancy ;
.
Rhinestone 1. ; 2. .
Rhodite .
Rhodium , Rh.
Rhodizite ; ( ) , ;
- .
Rhodochrosite ;
( ) ,
;

;
synthetic ~ , ;
Tibetan ~

;
topaz ~ ;
tourmalinated ~

(-)
;
undulatory ~
;
white blue dumortierited ~


( );
white cloud ~
-
;
yellow ~ .
Quartzite ;
.
Queenstownite , , ;
- .
Radiant ut
.
Ratebane ,
;
( ),


().
Reaction ;
blowpipe ~
;

54

RHO
Riebeckite ;
( ,
);

, , -
.
River
()
, .
Rivotite ; .
Rock ;
crystalline ~
;
intrusive ~ ;
metamorphic ~
;
sedimentary ~ ;
volcanic ~ .
Rodotilite ;
-
- .
Romanechite ; ( );

,
;

.
Romanzovite ; - ; .
Rose ut .
Rose:
barite ~ ;
;
desert ~ ;
petrified ~ . barite rose.

,
;
.
,
.
Rhodolite , ;
- -,
; .
Rhodonite ;
( ) ,
, -
; ,
,
;


.
Rhodusite , ;
(
), -
- .
Rhyolite ;
( ).
Richterite ; ,

( ,
, );



( ).
Ricolite ,
; .

55

ROS
Rosolite ;
;
.
Rosterite ; -
; .
Rough-topaz ;
- .
Rounded single cut
.
RPL (rapaport prie list) .
Rubellite ;
;
.
Rubicelle ;
; .
Rubolite ; ;
- .
Rubstone .
Ruby ; ; ;
;
American ~
, ;
Arizona ~
, ,
;
asteriated ~ ;
Australian ~
;
;
balas ~ -;
;

Bohemian ~ ;

;
Brazilian ~ ;

;
Burma ~
;
cape ~ - ,
, ;
Elie ~ -,
;
Montana ~
. ();
oriental ~
( );
pomegranate ~ ;
South African ~ - ;
spinel ~ - ;
synthetic ~ ;
Thailand ~
() , ;
true ~ . Ruby.
Rumanite ;
.
Runite ; , .
Rutile ; (
),

;
acicular (reticulated)~ .
Sagenite ; 1.
; 2. , , ,

56

SAL
asteriated ~ ;
Australian ~
() ;
Brazilian ~
;
- ;
Ceylon ~ ;
-
-;
golden ~ ;
-
;
hyacinth ~
; - ;
indigo ~ -;
- ;
Kashmir ~
;
;
lynch ~ ;
. . ;
Montana ~ ;
- ,
.
Siamese ~ ;

(-
);
star ~ ;
Thailand ~ ;
-
e ;
topaz ~ ;
e ;
water ~ ;
1.- ;
2.

; 3. .
Salite ; - .
Sanidine ; ( ), ;
.
Sanmartinite ;
,
; .
Saphir d`eau (fr.) , . Cordierite.
Saponite ;
;
.
.
Sappare ; . .
, . Sapphire.
Sapparite ;
- .
Sapphire ,
;

(, ) ,
;


;

;
alexandrine ~ 1.() ;

;
2. ;

57

SAP
Scale ;
hardness ~ ;
Mohs ~ ;
polarization colour ~
.
Scandinavian standards .
Scapolite ;
, , , ; ; .
Schiller , ,
,
( ).
Schillerization ,
, .
Schlenter ;
, .
Schorl ; ,
; ;

;
black ~ ;
blue ~ ;
;
glass ~ ,
;
green ~ , ;
raspberry ~ ,
;
red ~ , ;
titanium ~ , ;
white ~ , .
Schorlomite ;
, ;

-
-;
white ~ , .
Sapphire boul
( ).
Sapphirine ; 1.
( )
, ,
;

;
; 2. ,
, .
Sarcolite ;
( )
- .; .
Sard(ius) ; - ;
- .
Sardonyx ;

;
- .
Sardstone . Sardonyx.
Satellite ; ; .
Satin-spar ,
( ).
Saualpite , . Zoisite.
Sawables ; ,
.

58

SCI
Serandite ; ( ,
) ,
, , ;
.
Serendibite ;
( ,
) , ;
.
Serpentine ;

, ,
.;
;

,
;
lamellar ~
, ;
opal ~ ;
precious ~ ;
resinous ~ .
Serpentinite , ,
; ,
;
.
Settling crystal .
Shapes ; ,
.
Sheelite ;
( ).
Sheen (
).

.
Scintilation

.
Scorzalite ;
( ,
)
; .
.
Scots-topaz .
Scratch hardness number
.
Secaninaite , ; .
Sectile ,
( , ).
Seed .
Selenite , .
Sellaite ;
( );
.
Semiopal ,
( );
- .
Seneil ;


( 2 ct)
.
Separation e, .
Sepiolite ( ); ( );
.

59

SHE
Shell , ;
Abalon ~
Nautilus - ;
Egyptian ~ Pinctada
;
Fossil ~
();

;
Manilla ~
Pinctada
;
Nautilus ~
Nautilus;
XVIXVII . ,

. . Coque de perle;
Paua ~ . Abalon;
Sydney ~
Pinctada .
Siberite ,
() ; .
Siderite ,
;
;

,
.
Sideroferrite ; .
Siderolite ;
.

Sierranite , , - .
Silex ; 1. ; 2. ;
3. .
Silica , Si2;
crystalline ~
, ;
vitreous ~ .
Silica-glass -,
; , .
Silicate , Si4.
Silicified wood .
Silk

.
Silky ,
( ).
Sillimanite ; 1.
( ) ,
;
; 2.
, , .
Silver cape . Cape diamond.
Simetite ;
, .
Simpsonite ;
; .
Sign , ;
~ of crystal ;
~ of elongation
().
Single-crystalline .
Sinhalite ;
( ) -, ,
; ,
.

60

SIN
Sinopal ;
.
Sinople ;
(-
); .
Sity
.
Size ;
1,00 .
Sizing ,
.
Skeleton of crystal .
Skutterudite ; ( ) - ;
.
Slide , .
Smithsonite , ;
( )
; . :
- ,
, ;



,
.
Smokestone .
Soaprock . Soapstone.
Soapstone 1. ,
; 2. ;
3. .
Sodaclase , . Albite.
Sodalite ; ( )
;

.
Sogdianite ; ( , ) , ;
,
-
.
Solid .
Solidus , .
Solitaire (fr.) ;

.
Solubility , .
Solubilization , .
Soluble .
Solute .
Solution ;
Clerici ~ ;
gravity ~ ;
Klein ~ ;
Sonstadt ~ ;
Thoulet ~ (fr.) .
Souesite ; .
Souring .
Sousmansite c;


- .
Spalmandite ; ,

; .
Spandite . Spalmandite.
Spar ; ;

61

SPA
adamantine ~
, ;
almandine ~
; ;
blue ~ ; ;
cats ~ ; ;
cross-cours ~ ;
Derbyshire ~
; -
;
diamond ~
, ;
dogtooth ~ ,
;
dystone ~ . Datolite;
emerald ~
; ;
hard ~ ;
, ;
ice ~ ; ;
iceland ~ ;
;
jewish ~ ;
;
needle ~ . Aragonite;
Niagara ~ ;
;
paper ~ ,
( );
pearl ~ ;
, ;
raspberry ~ ;
, ;
ruby ~ ;
;
sapphire ~ ;
;
satin ~ ()
; ,
;

schiller ~ , , ; ;
tabular ~
; .
Spark .
Specific gravity ;


4 C.
Specific tenacity .
Speckstone , .
Speculative ;

() .
Spessartine (spessartite) ;

-
;

;
.
Sphaerocobaltite ;
( ) - ;

.
Sphalerite ,
; (
), ,
, ,
; .
Sphene , ;
( ), ,
, ;
.
Spherulite ;
.

62

SPI
Spinel ;
( ),

,
,
( ,
); ;
almandine ~
-
;
Arizona ~ ;
() ;
asteriated ~ ;
blue ~ ,
;
cobalt ~
;
green ~ ()
, , ;
hyacinth ~ - ;
iron ~ ,
;
noble ~ ;
ruby ~ ;
-
;
sapphire ~ ;
synthetic ~
;
vanadium ~ -;
vinegar ~
- ;
yellow ~ -
;
zinc ~ , .
Spinellid ;
.

Splendent .
Spodumene ;
(
) ,
,
;

;
.
Spot , .
Spotted 1. ; 2. ;

() .
Spurrite ;
( ) - ; .
Stage .
Stalactite .
Stalagmite .
Star .
Star faets ,
( ); , .
Starstone .
Staurolite ;
(
),
( ); ;

, .
Stellate (
).
Step cut .
Stibiotantalite ;
( ) , , e ;
.

63

STI
Stichtite ;
( ) , ; -

.
Stone ; 1.
; 2. ; 3. ;
adder ~ , ;
alabaster ~ ;
Alepo ~ ;
alluvial ~ , ;
Amherst ~ ( );
Arkansas ~
( );
Armenian ~ ,
;
artificial ~
;
asparagus ~
( );
asphalt ~ ;
Ayr ~
;
azure ~ -;
bacon ~ 1. ; 2. ,
;
ballpitch ~ (
);
bishops ~ ,
;

blood ~
(),


, . ;
Bologna ~
( );
bottle ~
( );
buck ~ ,
();
cairngorm ~ (,
);
cambay ~ , ;
canary ~
;
china ~ ;
1.
; 2. ;
chrysanthemum ~
;
cinnamon ~
, ;
coated ~ ( );
coloured ~ ;
Cornish (Cornwall) ~ () ,
;
crust ~ ,
,
( );
curio ~ ;
decorative ~
;
egg ~ , ;
fairy ~ 1. ;
2. ;

64

STO
falling ~ ,
;
figure ~ . Agalmatolite;
gem ~ 1. ; 2. ;
Gibraltar ~
( );
gooseberry ~ .Grossular;
heated ~
;
hedgehog ~ -
(
);
Hercules ~ ;
ice ~ . Cryolite;
isinglass ~ , ;
jewish ~ ,
;
kidney ~ ;
lard ~ , ;
Lydian ~ ,
;
lynx ~ ;
meteoric ~ ;
mocha ~ , ;
natural ~
( , );
ornamental ~ ;
pagoda ~ , , ;
pea~ . Pisolite;
pearl ~ ;
Petoskey ~ ( );
plum-pudding ~ ,

(), ;
porcelain ~
( );
precious ~
, ;
reconstructed ~ ;
red-brown ~ ;
rubbing ~ ,
;
Saracen ~
( );
scientific ~ ;
serpent ~ ;
simulated ~ ;
spectacle ~ ;
stained ~ ;
sugar ~
( );
swimming ~ .
Stones ; ,
.
Streak ;
.
Streak plate
.
Strengite ;
( ),

;
.
Striae ; 1.
;
2.
.
Strontianite ;
( ) ,

65

STR
two-fold ~
.
Symmetry axis (of rotation)
.
Symmetry element
.
Syngony .
System .
Taffeite ;
( )
-, ,
; ; .
Tabaschir ; .
Table ;

( ).
Table stone
( ).
Taconite ; .
Talk , ;
( ),
-;
.
Tangiwai(te) , ;
(
); .
Tanzanite ;
-
; .
Tektites ;
.
Tenacity .

, ,
; .
Structure , .
Submetallic
().
Subtranslucent
.
Subtransparent .
Succinite ; 1. ;
2.
().
Sugilite ; ( ) , - ;
.
Sunstone ;
1.
; 2. . venturine.
Suprasil ;
.
Surface , ;
faceted ~ ;
twin ~ ;
Swiss ut .
Symbol of crystal face
.
Symmetry ;
axial ~ ;
bilateral ~
;
centre of ~ ;
lower ~ ;
plane ~ ;
polar ~ ;
spheroidal ~ ;

66

TEN
Tender .
Tenebrescence ;
.
Tephroite ; ( ), .
Terra abla .
Test ; ;
Becke ~
( );
effervescent ~
( );
hardness ~
;
screen ~ ;
spot ~ .
Tester ,
.
Texture ; .
Thaumasite ;
;
.
Thierschite ;
.
Thulite ;
.
Thunder eggs ,
, ,

.
Tiffanyte ; .
Tigers eye ;
.
Tinaksite ;
( , ),

-,

.
Titanite ();
(
) ,
, -,
, - ,
;

,
;

.
Top halves . Upper girdle facets.
Top ;
() .
Topaz ; ( )
(-)
;

,
;
asteriated ~ ;
Bohemian ~
, . itrine;
Brazilian ~ 1.
; 2. . itrine;
false ~ ;
;
gold ~ , ;
hyacinth ~ ,
- ;
madeyra ~ ;
1. ; 2. -
;

67

TOP
Nevada ~ ;
-
. ();
oriental ~ ,
;
palmeira ~ ;
1.
; 2.
;
royal ~ ;
1. ; 2. ;
saffronite ~ ;
- ;
Scotch ~ , . airngorm;
sherry ~
-,
;
smoky ~ ,
;
Spanish ~ ;
1. ; 2. - .
Topazolite ;
-
;
.
Touchstone ;
; .
Tourmaline ;
(
,
),
, ;
;
black ~ , ;
blue ~ , ;

Brazilian ~ ; ;
chromium ~ , ;
dravite ~ ;
green ~ ,
, ;
paraiba ~ ;
- ;
polychromatic ~
, ;
ragged ~
;
red ~ ,
, ;
rose ~ ,
;
Siberia ~ , ;
vanadium ~ ; .
Tremolite ;
; ;

;
- .
Triad
, .
Triangle ut
.
Tridymite , .
Trillion ut
.
Triphane ;
-

68

TRI
Twinning axis .
Twinning band .
Ulexite ;
( ),
, ;

.
Ultramarine ; .
Uncrystalline ,
.
Unfaceted .
Uniaxial ( ) .
Unit weight , .
Untwinned .
Upper girdle faets
( ).
Uruguayan amethyst clusters - .
Ussingite ;
( )
-
- ;
- .
Uvarovite ;
( ),
,
;

.
Uvite ; - ,
- ;
.
Valencianite ; ().

;
.
Triphylite ; (
) -, ; .
Tugtupite ; ( )
-,
; -
.
Turquoise ;
(
)
,
;
- .
Tuxtlite ;
(-),
.
Twin ,
;
growth ~ ;
interpenetration ~
;
polysynthetic ~ .
Twin crystal ;
contact ~ ;
penetration ~ ;
polysynthetic ~
.
Twin surface .
Twinkling .
Twinned , .
Twinning , .

69

VAR
Variscite ; (
), ; - .
Veils
( ).
Venus hairstone ,
- .
Vera Cruz .
Verdelite ; (); .
Verdite ;

;
.
Vermeil ();
1.- ;
2. - - (); 3.
- .
Vermilite ;
,
.
Vertine ; - .
Vesuvianite ;
( , ,
) , ,
, , , ,
;

;

;


.

Violane ;
; - .
Viridine ;
-
; .
Vishnevite ;
,

; .
Vitreous .
Vivianite ;
( ) , ;

( , ,
).
Vlasovite ; ( ); .
Vogesite ;
(- , ).
Volkonskoite , ;
(
)
;

.
Vorobyevite ; ;
.
Wardite ;
(
, )

; .

70

WAV
Wavellite ; (
) - , .
Waxy (
).
Wernerite . Scapolite.
Westanite ;
.
Whalebone ;
, .
Whewellite ();
(
)
;
;
.
Willemite ; ( ), , ,
, -, ; - .
Wiluite ();
.
Wiry (
).
Withamite ;
.
Witherite ;
( );
.
Wolframite ;
( );

.
Wollastonite ;
( )
;

, .
Woodstone .
Wulfenite ;
( );
.
Wulff net .
Xalostocite ;
.
Xenotime ;
( ) -,
;

;
.
. .
Xonotlite ; ( ) ,
-,
; ;
- .
X-ray diamond
.
Xylopal .
Yakutite ; ,
.
Yellow ;
.
Yellow ground
;
.
Yielding of crystals .
Youstone .
Yuksporite ;
( )
-

71

ZAF
;

- .
Zafirina .
Zafiro 1. ; 2. -.
Zeasite ;
, .
Zektzerite ;
( ,
), , , ;
, .
Zeolites ;
;
, , , , ,
.
Zeuxite ;
.
Zeylanite ; .
Zinc gahnite ,
, . Gahnospinel.
Zincite ;
( ) , ,
;

- ;
.

Zincoferrite ,
;
.
Zincorhodochrosite ; .
Zinnwaldite ; ,
; .
Zircon ; (
), ,
;


, ;
.
Zoesite 1.

;
2. .
Zoisite ;
(
) , ,
;
;


.
Zoning of crystals
.

2
-

, emery.
,
aventurism.
aventurine;
~ aventurine
fieldspar.
A
quartz aventurine.

aventurine fieldspar.
aventurescence.
augite.
australite (blackfellows)
button.
automolite.
, bildstein,
agalmatolite, pagodite.
agate;
~ aztec agate;
~
quartzy agate;
() ~ white agate;
()~
Brazilian agate;
~ oriental agate;
~ wood agate;
~ star agate;
~ royal agate;
~ flint agate;
~ fortress agate;
~ blood agate;

()~
bushes agate;
~ Montana agate;
~ moss agate;
~ cloud agate;
~ fire agate;
()~
onyx agate;
~ opal agate;
~ band agate;
()~
rainbow agate;
~ ruin agate;
~ jasper agate.
opal-agate.
() gaphite.
agilite.
A aglaurite.
A agnesite.
A agnolite.
()
aggregate (mineral);
~ fibrous aggregate;
~ botryoidal
aggregate;
~ druse aggregate;
~ geode aggregate;
~ stellar aggregate;
~ earthy aggregate;
~ granular aggregate;
~ acicular aggregate;
~ curved aggregate;

73


~
crystalline aggregate;
- ~ radiatecolumnar aggregate;
~ radiating aggregate;
~ massive aggregate;
~ shimmer aggregate;
~ sinter aggregate;
~ cloudy aggregate;
~ oolitic aggregate;
-~
parallel-columnar aggregate;
~ pisolitic aggregate;
~ reniform aggregate;
-~
radially fibrous aggregate;
~
testaceous aggregate;
~ promiscuous
aggregate;
~ snow aggregate;
~ wheat sheaf
aggregate;
~ solid aggregate;
- ~
fibrous-diverse aggregate;
~
stalactitic aggregate;
~ columnar
aggregate;
~ tabular aggregate;
~ scale aggregate;
~ globular
form aggregate.

aggregate structure.
adamant.
adamantine.
adularia.
azorite, zircon.

azurite, bluecopperore,
mineral blue.
azurlite.
azurmalachite.
azurchalcedony, azurlite.
ivorite.
A aquagem.
A aqualite.
aquamarine.
axinite.
actinolite.
() alabandite.
alalite, diopside.
alabaster;
~ Egyptian alabaster;
~ specular alabaster.
alexandrite.
allophane.
allochroite.
()
alluvial deposit.
() diamond;
~ diamond-shaped;
~ arat-goods;
~ extra river;
~ premium
quality diamonds;
~ -
Jager;
~ brait;
~ bye, by-water,
apediamond;
~ coated diamond;
~ hard core diamonds;
~ carbonado;
~
black;
~ alluvial diamond;
~ cape diamond;

74


~ Cornish diamond;
~selected
diamonds;
~ pique diamond;
()~
table diamond;
~drift
diamond;
~carbon
diamond;
~black
diamond;
~ extra diamond.
( ) diamantine.
diamond pipe.
diamantiferous.
alomite.
aloushtite.
albite.
almandine.
almandite.
almaschite.
- alpha-quartz.
amazonite.
() amatrice.
amberine.
amberite.
amblygonite.
ambergris.
ambrite.
ambrosine.

AmericanGem
Society (AGS).
amethyst, Vera Cruz;
~ amethyst-Moskito;
~ oriental amethyst;
~ occidental amethyst;
~ lithium amethyst.

- Uruguayan amethyst clusters.

ametrine.
,
uncrystalline.
amphiboles.
analcime.
anatase.
, anhedral.
anhydrite.
anglesite.

english square cut.
e
english star cut.
chizeulite, andalusite.
andesine.
andradite.
antracite.
apatite.
aplom.
apophyllite.
aprikothin.
aragonite, aragonitic lime;
~
coralloidal aragonite;
~ conchite.
( ) armenite, azurite.
( ) fossil linen.
asmanite.
aspidelite, sphene.
asterism.
A astrumite, Tibetan quartz.
augelite.
ratebane.
aurichalcite.
zinc gahnite, gahnospinel.
afganite.
achondrite.

75


achroite.
ashirite, dioptase.
aeroide, aquamarine.
aerolite, aerosiderite.
baddeleyite.
basanite.
;
touchstone.
baikalite.
bayate.
- baiy-topaz.
bacalite.
balas.
- ballagier,
. Balas.
ballas.
baltimorite.
baotite.
barite.
bariterosette,
barite rose.
baritocalcite.
bazzite.
bediasite.
benitoite.
beryl;
- ~ blue beryl;
~ green beryl;
~ golden beryl;
~ maxiks-beryl, blue beryl;
~ cesium beryl;
~ cesium beryl;
~ black beryl.
beryllonite.
berkeyite.
prussian
blue, lazurite.
bernstein.
beekite.
bixbite.

,
billitonite.
turquoise.
bytownite.
biharite, aventurine.
glance, luster;
~ brilliant luster;
()~
adamantine luster;
~ waxy luster;
~ greasy luster, soapy
luster;
~ earthy luster;
() ~ dull luster;
~ metallic luster;
- ~
metallic-adamantine luster;
~ pearly luster;
~
submetallic luster;
~ subvitreous luster;
~ resinaceous
(resinous) luster, pitchy luster;
~ vitreous luster,
glassy luster;
()~
satiny luster.
specular
hematite, iron glance.
() luster.
(
) favas;
~ zircon favas.
, bovesite.
bowenite.
bodenbenderite.
boleite.
, bolon spar.
boracite.
, bo()rt.

76


botryolite.
tangiwai(te), bowenite.
brazilianite.
brazilite.
brown.
breithauptite.

blue ground.
(
) brilliant;
~ a river;
~ brilliant
Johnson and Roesch;
~ brilliant Tolkowsky;
~ rhinestone;
~ brilliant Eppler.
briolette.
bromellite.
brookite.
brusite.
brewsterlinite.
boulangerite.
birne.
bustamite.
buergerite.
wavellite.
valencianite.
wardite.
variscite.
vesuvianite.
maidenhair.
verdelite.
verdite.
() vermeil.
vermilite.
wernerite, scapolite.
vertine.
( ) upper
girdle facets, top halves.

westanite.
Jolly balance.
Huges balance.
vivianite.
pave.
willemite.
() wiluite.
violane.
viridine.
bismutotantalite.
withamite.
witherite.
vishnevite.
nodule.
bastard.
vlasovite.
brilliancy.
vogesite.
volkonskoite.
water saphire,
saphir d`eau (fr.), cordierite.
wollastonite.

bacon, horseflesh.
hairstone.
Venus hairstone.
Fetida hairstone.
wolframite.
vorobyevite.
( ) waxy.
( ) oriental.
wulfenite.

Diamond High Council (HRD
Hoge Raad voor Diamant).
efflorescence.
vurtzite.
habit.
mineral habit;

77


~ crystal habit;
~
pyramidal termination habit;
~ striated habit;
~ dendritic habit;
~ long
columnar habit;
~ acicular habit, needle
habit;
~ bladed habit;
~ short
columnar habit;
~ filamentous habit;
~ lamellar habit;
~ prismatic habit;
~ columnar habit;
~ tabular habit;
~ tinguaitic habit.
gagate; coal-jet, jet.
gadolinite.
()
bubble, bleb.
galenite.
mosaic pebble.
halite.
amygdule.
cabocle.
pebble scotch.
galliard.
hambergite.
gahnite.
gahnospinel.
gargulho.
gaspeite.
hauyne.
gedanite.
gedenbergite.
gaylussite.
hexagonite.
hexatetrahedron.

hexahedron.
hexahedrite.
hexoctahedron.
geliodore, heliodor.
heliotrope.
gelite.
hemachate.
hematine.
hematite;
~ () brown hematite;
~ iron froth.
hemimorphite.
hemimorph(ic).
gemma.

Gemmological
Institute of America, GIA.
herderite.
hererite.
gersbyite.
gersdorffite.
hercynite.
() hessonite.
heteromophic.
goethite.
hyalite.
hyalophane.
hyacinth, jacinth.
hydrogrossular.
hydrolite.
hydrophane, water opal.
hydrocerussite.
gypsum, parget;
~ fibrous
gypsum, selenite;
~ terra abla.
()
cymophane.
glessite.
howlite.

78


() hodgkinsonite.
holohedral.
blue earth, kimberlite.
:
~ aqua-aura;
~ aqua-aura;
~ blue asbestos, rocidolite;
~ Blue John.
rock.
quartz crystal.

optical quartz.
gosselite, viridine.
goshenite.
grain.
( ) carat grain.
garnet;
~ demantoid garnet;
~ Fashoda garnet, pyrope;
() ~ white garnet;
~ precious garnet;
~ Bohemian
garnet, pyrope;
~ oriental garnet;
~ iron garnet;
~ ironaluminum garnet, almandine;
~ pinwheel garnet;
~ lime garnet;
- ~ calcium
aluminium garnet, grossular;
- ~ calciumiron garnet, ndradite;
- ~ calciumchromium garnet, uvarovite;
-~ magnesium-aluminium garnet, pyrope;
~ common
garnet, lmandine;

~ black garnet, andradite.

grandidierite.
() grandite.
()
faceted.
()
culet facet.
(
) pavilion facets,
pavilion main.
lapidary workshop.
diamondcutting shop.
gem cutter, lapidary.
graphic
granite, runite.

cut a jewel.
, face;
~
composition face;
~ crystal face;
~ cleavage face.
() facet.
graphite.
() grenat(l)ite, staurolite.
botryoid.
grossular.
grossularite.
grothite.
davidsonite.
damsonite.
danburite.
datolite.
, twin;
~ interpenetration twin;
~ growth twin;
~polysynthetic
twin.
noat.

79


,
twinning.
cross hatching.
twin crystal;
~ contacttwinned
crystals;
~ penetration
twinned crystals;
~
polysynthetic twinned crystals.
, twinned.
()
double refringence.
, birefringence;
~ high birefringence.
birefractance.
double refringence.
birefracting,
birefractiv, birefringent.
() biaxial.
dichroism.
astridite.
delawarite.
demantoid.
dendrite.
dendrolith.
dentile bone.
petrified wood.
ziasite, xylopal.
defect;
~ moss,
plume;
~ cavity, cloud;
~
lattice defect;
~ crystal defect;
~ () bearding.
jasperoid.

jelinite.
jaspilite.

diagnostic value.
diaspore.
dickinsonite.
dickite.
diopside, malacolite.
dioptase.
dispersion.
birefringence dispersion.
disthene, kyanite.
diffractometer.
dichroism.
gold-mining.
dolomite.

lyonnaice marble.
domeykite.
dravite, dravite tourmaline.
() precious.
gemstone, jewel.
() gem.
( ) oriental.
druse.
doublet.
smokestone,
rough-topaz, Scotch-topaz.
dumortierite.
eremeyevite, jeremejevite.

naif.
jade;
~ amazonite jade;
~ American
jade, nephrite;
~ serpentine jade;
~ spinach
jade, nephrite.

80


jadeite.
jadeitite.
jargo(o)n.
rhabdomancy.
jaspilite.
eisenrose.
iron;
~ cosmic iron, meteoric
iron;
~ native iron, pure iron.
areng.

yellow.
karabe.
pearl;
~ backthorn pearl;
~ Mabe pearl,
.ultured blister pearl;
~ balon pearl;
~ avaby pearl,
, . Abalone pearl;
~ akoya pearl;
~ bamboo pearl;
~ baroque pearl;
~ Biwa pearl;
~ blister pearl;
~ Beau pearl (fr.);
~ bombay bunch pearl;
~ Broome pearl;
~ bullhead pearl;
~ button pearl;
~ waxen pearl;
~ jet pearl;
~ blue pearl;
~ DeMeisnerpearl (fr.);
~ Decraqueler pearl (fr.);
~ DelaMarpearl (fr.);
~ demi pearl;
~ Dear pearl;
~ Ireland pearl;

~ bell pearl;
~ carrepearl;
~ cassis pearl;
~ keshi pearl;
~ clam pearl, . onchitic
pearl;
~ coconut pearl;
~ conchitic pearl;
~ coral pearl;
~ Coro pearl;
~ cats eye
pearl; . China cats eye;
~ Red Sea pearl;
~ () cultured pearl;
~ La paz pearl;
~ La tousca pearl;
~ lagoon pearl;
~ lacquer pearl;
~ ()
Luly pearl;
~ Maiden pearl;
~ Marvella pearl;
~ Mickomo pearl;
~ mytilus pearl;
~ Mock pearl;
~ Muscle pearl;
~ natural pearl;
~ nautilus pearl;
~ ( )
niggerhead pearl;
~ occidental pearl;
~ oriental pearl;
~ paragon pear;
~ pariz pearl;
~ patrician pearl;
~ Paua pearl,
.Abalone pearl;
~ Petal pearl;
~ Pinna pearl;

81


~ pink pearl;
~ pipi pearl;
~ placenta pearl;
~ semiround pearl, . Button pearl;
~ hawks eye pearl;
~ ripe pearl;
~ alasmodon pearl;
~ ()
freshwater pearl;
~ rome pearl;
~ South See keshi
pearl, . Akoya keshi pearl;
~ loose pearl;
~ ()
strawberry pearl;
~ titani pearl;
~ trokus pearl;
~ wing pearl;
~ haystack pearl;
~ hem pearl;
~ hinge;
~ Cellit pearl;
~ Chank pearl;
~ turtleback pearl;
~ black pearl;
~ chicot pearl,
. Blister pearl;
~ sheba pearl;
~ scotland pearl;
~ unios pearl;
~ Japan pearl.
essence pearl.
medicine pearl.
perlite.
geode.
geodic.
thunder eggs.
gangue.
girasol.

soapstone, soaprock.
seed.
law;
~ twin law;
~ law of
constancy of interfacial angles;
~ law of refraction;
~ law of symmetry;
~ albit twin law.
saualpite, zoisite.
star facets.
star.
asteria, starstone.
( , ) asteriated.
( ) stellate.
green onyx.
nodule.
serpentinite, blue elvan.
() sign;
~ sign of crystal;
~ ()
sign of elongation.
aureate.
gold.
digger; gold finder.
goldstone.

auriferous gravel.
gold-bearing.
, auriferous.
lead.

barrel-quartz.
auric,
gold-containing.

82



wash dirt.
gold digging.

zoning of crystals.
()
needle-like.
silk.
acerose.
,
chatoyancy, schiller.
play of colour.
idiomorphic.
idocrase, vesuvianite.
fracture;
~ hackly fracture;
~ earthy fracture;
~ granular fracture;
~ uneven fracture;
~ conchoidal
fracture, flinty fracture;
~
splinter fracture;
~ even fracture,
plane fracture;
~ slate fracture;
~ rough fracture.
allomeric.
emerald;
~ Brazilian emerald;
~ evening emerald,
chrysolite;
~ oriental emerald.
()
green olympic.
emerald cut.
gendarm.
ilmenite.
immersion.

impactite.
jade Indian.
, indicolite.
inesite.
iolanthite.
iolite, cordierite.
ionite.
iridescence.
irregulars.
(,
) test;
~ (
) effervescent test;
~ hardness test;
~ Becke test.

darkfield microscopy.
cabochon.
cavansite.
cacoxenite.
kalbaite.
culet.
callainite.
callais.
callaite, turquoise.
calcomalachite.
calcite.
stone;
~ novaculite;
~ bouteillenstein,
moldavite;
~ Hercules stone;
~ . venturine;
~ hecatolite;
~ optical calcite;
~ saracen stone;
~ sunstone;
~ rubstone;
~ first water;

83


~ sparry calcite;
~ alabaster stone;
~ amherst stone;
A ~ Arkansas stone;
A ~ Armenian
stone, azurite;
~ Bologna stone, barite;
~ bottle stone;
~ fairy stone;
~
reconstructed stone;
~ Gibraltar stone;
() ~ Alepo stone;
~ pea stone, pisolite;
~ decorative stone;
~ gem stone,
precious stone;
(
) ~ heated stone;
~ jewish stone,
graphic granite;
~ pearl stone;
~ lard stone, talk;
~ serpentstone,
serpentinite;
~ spectaclestone,
selenite;
~ egg stone;
~ artificial stone,
scientific stone;
~ cairngorm stone, citrine;
~ china stone,
porcelain stone;
~ cinnamon
stone, hessonite;
~ crust stone;
()~
Cornish (Cornwall) stone;
~ mochastone,
moss agate;

- ~ red-brown
stone, rhodonite;
() ~ blood stone;
~ gooseberry
stone, . Grossular;
~ Lydian stone;
~ meteoric stone;
~ ice stone, . ryolite;
~ natural stone;
~ stained stone;
~ falling stone, aerolite;
~ alluvial stone;
~ Petoskey stone, coral;
~ swimming
stone, porous opal;
~ plumpudding stone, jasper pudding;
~ simulated stone;
~ ornamental stone;
(
) ~ coated stone;
~ kidney stone, nephrite;
~ curio stone;
~ lynx stone, amber;
~ sugar stone, datolite;
~ adder stone;
~ asparagus
stone, apatite;
~ bacon stone;
~ rubbing stone;
~ figure stone,
agalmatolite;
~
chrysanthemum stone;
~ coloured stone;
~
ballpitch stone;
~ Ayr stone.
- hedgehog stone.
cameo.

84


gems of organic origin.
gems.
Canada balsam.
candite.
cancrinite.
kaolinite.
spot test.
silver cape.
, carapace.
carat.
carborundum.
carbuncle.
, agate-ornelian.
- cornelian onyx.
cassis.
cassiterite.
catalinite.
kauri.
cacholong.
quartz;
~
bastard quartz;
~ - ( ) champagne quartz;
~
hydrothermal quartz;
~
buck (bull) quartz;
~ green quartz;
~ red fire quartz;
~ stalactitic quartz;
~
undulatory quartz;
~ white
blue dumortierited quartz;
~
gold rutile quartz;
~
gold in quartz;

~
tourmalinated quartz;
~
cats-eye quartz;
~ synthetic quartz;
~ quartz-topaz;
~- rutilated quartz;
a-~ azure quartz;
~ blue quartz;
~ dendritic quartz;
~ smokey quartz;
~ asteriated
quartz, star quartz;
~ strawberry quartz;
~ bloody quartz;
~ sky blue quartz;
- ~ gialin quartz;
(-)~
white cloud quartz;
~ bi-colour quartz;
~ rainbow quartz;
~ rose quartz;
~ Tibetan quartz;
~ chrysoquartz;
~ colour quartz.

dumortierite quartz.
quartzite.
cape.
cairngorm.
kesvik.
catseyete.
kyanite (cyanite), distene.
kimberlite.
kinradite.
kiscellite.
(,
) chinese soapstone.
whalebone.
clevage.

85


clinoghumite, clinozoisite.
cobaltite.
kovelline.
malleable tenacity.
( ) malleable.
colemanite.
kongsbergite.
nablock.
conch.
conchiolin.
copal.
coral.
(, ) cordierite;
~ hydrous cordierite.
cornerupine.
crown.
corubin.
corundum;
~ star corundum.
meteorite.
bone;
~ fossil ivory.
kochenite.
cats-eye.
krantzite.

pigeons blood red.

griotte.
flint, cherty flint.
Beekite ring.
silica Si2;
~ ()
crystalline silica.
flinty.
kreedite.
crystals.
solid.
, crystal;
~ domatic crystal;

~ flux-grown crystal;
~
calcareous crystal;
~
irregular crystal;
~ encrusted crystal;
~- twin crystal;
~- host-crystal;
~
asymmetrical crystal;
~ arborescent crystal;
~ growing crystal;
~ giant crystal;
() ~ berg
crystal, rock crystal;
~
arrow-head twin crystals;
~
birefringent crystal;
~ biaxial crystal;
~ seed crystal;
~ stellar crystal;
~ zoned crystal;
~ curved crystal;
()~
iceland crystal;
~ corroded
crystal, embayed crystal;
()~
left-handed crystal;
~ single crystal;
~
immature crystal;
~ bounded crystal,
edged crystal;
~
negative crystal;
~
positive crystal;

86


~ negative crystal;
()~
right-handed crystal;
~ phantom crystal;
, ~
skeleton crystal;
~ column crystal;
, ~
asicular crystal;
~ tabular crystal;
-~
bladed crystal.

crystalization of minerals.
,
crystallite.

crystalographic axis.

yielding of crystals.

1,00 size.
glassies.
binches.
cristobalite.
,
crocidolite, blue-asbestos.
crocoite.

rounded single cut.

macrocrystalline, coarsely crystalline.

nonpareil.
xenotime.
xonotlite.
queenstownite.

jobs tear.
kunzite.
cupelation.
cupel.
cuprite.
cuprozincite.
kurnakovite.
labrador(e), (ite).
lawsonite.
lagoon.
lazulite.
lazurite, mountain blue;
~ calcium lazurite.
langbeinite.
landerite, xalostocite.
large, mele.
lardite, aventurine.
lasques.
lat yay, jade.
( ) left-handed.
leucophanite.
leucophoenicite.
leucite.
leonite, Tibetan quartz.
lepidocrocite.
lepidolite.
liebenbergite.
lignite.
ligurite.
lyd(d)ite.
linarite.
line;
~ Becke line;
~ conjugation line;
(),~
bright line.
Lisbon cut.
lodranite.
ludlamite.

87


moonstone.
refrigence.

crystalloluminescence.
- lapis-lazuli.
magnesite.
magnetite.
mayaite.
mackles.
() macro-axis.
malacolite.
malachon(e), malacon.
malachite, green cooper;
~ blue malachite,
. Azurite;
~ bleimalachite.

manganandalusite, viridine.
manganotantalite.
mariposite.
marcasite.
martite.
mascareignite.
aggregated.
massic.
()
mother-of-emerald.
( ) lusterless.
matorolite.
-- maw-sit-sit.
maucherite.
emeraldcooper,
dioptase.


Confederation Internationale de La
Bijouterie, Joaillerie, Orfevrerie,
Perles et Pierres (International
Confederation of Jewelry, Silverware,
Diamonds and Stones), CIBJO.

International Diamond
Manufacturers Association, IDMA.

International Diamond Council, IDC.
mesolite.
makeables.
melane.
mele.
meliphanite.
spark.

blue peach.
menilite.
twinkling.
brilliance.
metal;
~
platinum metal;
~ noble metal,
precious metal;
~
cerium metal;
~ preious metal;
() -~ yellow metal;
~ base metal;
()~
fine metal;
~ native metal;
~ non-ferrous metal;
~ ferrous metal;
- ~ earth metal.
metallic.
matinee.
method;
~
dark-field method;
~
Czochralski method;

88


~
immersion method.
microcline;
~ microcline
green, amazonite.
microlite.
microscope;
~ binocular
microscope;
~ petrographic
(polarizing) microscope.
maldenstone.
spar.
, mineral;
~ indicator
mineral, tracer mineral;
~- associate mineral;
~ accessory mineral;
~ secondary mineral;
~ varietal mineral;
~ dichroic mineral;
~ vein mineral;
~ needle
mineral, acicular mineral;
-, ~ host mineral;
~ light mineral;
() ~ fragile mineral;
~ magnetic mineral;
~ soft mineral;
~ non-metallic mineral;
~ rockforming mineral;
~ naturally occuring
mineral, simple mineral;
(), ~ ore mineral;
~ metallogenic mineral;
~ minor mineral,
accompanying mineral;
~ durable mineral;

~ hard mineral;
~
typomorphic mineral;
~ heavy mineral;
~ stable mineral;
~ reference mineral.
mineral spot.
mineral
aggregates.
mirickite.
moldavite,
pseudochrysolite, tektites.
momme.
monazite.
monocrystal,
single-crystalline.
montebrasite.
montmorillonite.
moralla.
morganite, vorobyevite.
mordenite.
black quartz, morion.
() mor(o)lop.
marble;
~
bougard marble;
~ lepanto marble;
~
bardiglio marble;
~
black
and gold marble;
~ breccia marble;
~ green marble,
serphentine;
~
onion marble;
~
serperntine marble;

89


-~
carl-silicate marble;
~ Campana marble;
~ Cannes marble;
~ Carrara marble;
~ landscape marble;
~ banded marble,
travertine;
~ lumachelle marble;
~ magnesian
marble;
~ madrepore marble;
()~onyx
marble;
~ fire marble;
~brocatel(le) marble;
() ~cave marble;
~ birds-eye marble;
~ shell marble;
~ calico marble.
marbled.
( ) moir.
moissanite.
murchisonite.
muscovite.
soapstone,
soaprock, pagodite.


hardness points.
nacre.
nambulite.
free way vector.
outer rim.
flowstone.
nathrolite.

gem(m)ology.
naumanite.

untwinned.
hard bank.
unfaceted.
neolith.

pebble pup.
hyalithe.
, , opaque.
neptunite.
nepheline.
greenstone, nephrite,
axe-stone, youstone.
( ) bottom
halves, lower girdle facets.

pavilion.
nickeline.
nicolo.
( ) nicol;
~ polarizing nicol;
~ crossed nicol.
novaculite.
nosean (noselite).

sratch
hardness number.
()
parachrosis.
gemmy.
, separation.
hand specimen.
obsidian, hyalopsite.

Joint Committee
of World Federation of Diamond
Bourses, JC WFDB.

90


, unit weight.
, firestone.
ziasite.
faceted
surface.
()
polished diamond, finished diamond.
faceting;
~ brazilian cut;
~ brilliant cut;
~ ()
baguette straight cut;
~ ()
baguette tapered cut;
~ arre;
~
rounded single cut;
~ Mazariny cut;
~ Perruzzi cut;
~ ( ) table stone;
~ moon half cut;
~ rose cut;
~ ()
combined cut;
~ baguette cut;
~ pear cut;
~ marquise cut;
~ oval cut;
~ Princess cut;
~ radiant cut;
~ heart cut;
~ trillion cut.
( )
uniaxial.
odontolite.
;-
oikocryst.
, fossil.
souring.

yellow ground.

near gem.
()
Lembergs stain.
painted stones.
silicified
wood, chinarump.
, agatized wood.
woodstone.
bleb.
octahedron.
olivine.
oligoclase.
onyx;
~ lgerian onyx;
~alifornian
onyx;
~ cave onyx, aragonite.
black onyx.
- onyx-opal.
opal;
~ boulder opal;
~ contraluse opal;
~ cats eye opal;
~ botch;
~ hydrophane;
~ () pitch opal;
~ plant opal;
-~ harlequin opal;
~ noble opal;
() ~ precious opal;
~ cherry opal;
~ water opal;
~ wax opal;
~ wood opal;
~ wax opal;

91


~ pinfire opal;
~ wood opal;
-~ lechosos opal;
~()
water opal;
~ (~)
common opal;
~ fire opal;
-~ onyx opal;
~ orange opal;
~ liver opal;
~ onyx opal;
~ rose opal;
~ resin opal;
~ sun opal, fire opal;
~ pearl opal,
cacholong opal;
~ black opal;
~ jasper opal.
opalescence;
~ stellate.
()
opalescent.
opaline.
opalite.
(
) operculum, china cats eye.
opera.

assaying of minerals.
optic axis.

( ) optically negative.
orient.
orletz.
orthoclase, kalifeldspath;
~ delawarite.
crystal
settling, settling crystal.
axes of elasticity.

kite facets.
(
) crown main, kite facets.
osteolite.

point stone.
twinning axis.
symmetry axis
(of rotation).
triad.

hexad.
,
laser drill hole.
parting.
citrine-madeira.
negative.
, () hue.
pagodite.
padmaragaya.
() padmaragaya.
porpezite.
palygorskite.
papagoite.
parisite.
landscape agate.
painite.
pectolite.
igneous-rock froth.
froth.
chatoyant.
peridot, olivine,
chrysolite.
periclase.
nacreous.
mother-of-pearl.
perlite.
dirt.
petalite.

92



gypsum flower.
picotite.
pinacoid;
~ secondorder pinacoid;
~ thirdorder pinacoid;
~ side pinacoid;
~ front pinacoid;
() ~ basal pinacoid.
pyramid.
pyrargyrite.
pyreneite.
pyrite.
pyroxenos.
pyroxmangite.
pyrolusite.
pyromorphite.
pyrope.
pirophillite.
runite.
peach.
fluorspar, fluorite,
kawk.
plagioclase.
planerite.
plancheite.
plate;
~ cleavage plate;
~ (
) streak plate.
()
platina.
, Pt platinum.
()
platiniferous.
pleochroism;
~ reflection
pleochroism;

~ poor pleochroism.
pleochroic.

plane-polarized.
plane;
~ twinplane,
twin surface;
~
composition plane;
~ plane of
mirror symmetry, symmetry plane;
~ cubic plane;
~ octahedral plane;
~ optic
axial plane, axial plane;
~ leaved surface;
~ vibration
plane, plane of polarization;
~
crystallographic plane.
table.
common salt, halite.
powellite.
, surface;
~ twin surface;
~ faceted surface.

tenebrescence.
,
sectile tenacity.
bastard.
a heliolite.
fieldspars.
pollucite.

full cut.
holohedral.

positive.
twinning band.

93


() bleb.
jasperine.
()
submetallic.
, semiopal,
water opal.
subtransparent.
polyzoan.
polariscope.
polar axis.
rock;
~ volcanic rock;
~ intrusive rock;
~ crystalline rock;
~
metamorphic rock;
~ sedimentary rock.
porpezite.

() order
of interference colour.
crystal seeding.
( )
nodular.
prasem.
praziolite.
prasopal.
, slide.

rapaport price list, RPL.
refraction;
~, ~
double refraction;
~ weak refraction;
~ single refraction;
~ anomalous
double refraction.

refractivity.
prehnite.

prairien agate.
,
tester.
gravel mine.
fineness of gold.
(
) wiry.
prosopite.

gemmiferous.
()
intergrowth;
~ mineral intergrowth;
() ~ graphic intergrowth.

subtransluent.
tenacity.
proustite.
pseudomalachite.


zoesite.

puddingstone, almendrilla.

puddingstone.
pumpellyite.
pupillene.
purpurite.
gold flour.
piemontite.
pierepontite.
spotted.
almendrilla.
, spot.

generatrix.

sheen.

94



heavy medium separation.

0,010,15 ct melee.
rodotilite.
forcherite.
chlorospinel.
shell;
~ Abalon shell;
~ Nautilus shell;
~ Egyptian shell;
~ fossil shell;
~ Manil shell;
~ Sydney shell.
solution;
~ Klein solution;
~ Clerici solution;
~ Sonstadt solution;
Thoulet solution;
~ gravity solution.
solute.
solubility,
solubilization.
soluble.
reaction;
~
blowpipe reaction;
~ displacement reaction;
~ exchange reaction;
- ~
redox reaction.
() edge of
crystal.

x-ray diamond.
refraction.
() framework;
~
internal crystal framework.
() lattice;

~ crystal
lattice, space lattice.
riebeckite.
rivotite.
rejection.
ricolite.
rhyolite.
richterite.
horn.
, chert, hornstone;
~ chert nodular;
~ chert bedded;
~ chert halcedonic.
, Rh rhodium.
rhodite.
rhodizite.
rhodolite.
, red manganese,
orletz, rhodonite.
rhodochrosite.
rhodusite.
rose;
~ barite;
~petrified,
barite rose;
~ desert rose.
rosolite.
romanechite.
,
accumulation place.
growth;
~ () edge growth;
~ () grain growth;
~ () corner growth;
~ ()
secondary growth;
() zonal growth;

() parallel growth.

95


rosterite.
rubellite.
ruby, corundum, corindon;
~ - balas ruby, red spinel;
~ ustralian
ruby, red pyrope;
~ merican
ruby, pyrope;
~ rizona ruby,
pyrope, almandine, rose quartz;
~ Burma ruby;
~ Bohemianruby,
pyrope;
~ Brazilian ruby;
~ oriental ruby;
~ asteriated ruby;
~ cape ruby;
~ Montana ruby;
~ synthetic ruby;
()~
Thailand ruby;
~ spinel ruby;
~ elie ruby;
-~
South African ruby.
rubicelle.
rubolite.
ore.
, mine.
dowser.
rumanite.
romanzovite.
girdle.

round girdle.
rutile;
~acicular
(reticulated) rutile.
sagenite.
salite.

native copper.
nugget.
sanidine.
sanmartinite.
saponite.
sapparite, sapphire boul.
sappare, sapphire.
sapphire, zafiro;
~ Montana sapphire;
()~
Australian sapphire;
()~
alexandrine sapphire;
~ Brazilian
sapphire, topaz;
~ hyacinth sapphire;
~ asteriated
sapphire; star sapphire;
~ golden sapphire;
-~ indigo sapphire;
~ Kashmir sapphire;
, ~ white
sapphire;
~ lynch sapphire, cordierite;
- ~ water sapphire,
topaz, cordierite;
~ Siamese sapphire;
~ Thailand sapphire;
~ topaz sapphire;
~ Ceylon sapphire.
sapphirine.
sard(ius).
sardonyx, sardstone.
sarcolite.
satellite.
splendent.
, , light;
~ reflected light;
~ polarized light;
~ refracted light;

96


~ black light.
birthstone.
( ) secaninaite, sectile.
satin-spar, selenite.
sellaite.
serandite.
, argental.
,
argentic.
,
argentian.
serendibite.
serpentine;
~ precious serpentine;
~ opal serpentine;
~ lamellar
serpentine, antigorite;
~ resinous serpentine.
Wulff net.
siberite.
siderite.
siderolite.
sideroferrite.
silex.
- silica-glass.
silicate, SiO4.
sillimanite.

symbol of crystal face.
simetite.
symmetry;
~ twofold symmetry;
~ bilateral symmetry;
~ lower symmetry;
~ spheroidal symmetry;
~ axial symmetry;
~ plane symmetry;
~ polar symmetry;

~ bilateral center of symmetry.

simpsonite.
() syngony;
a ~ hexagonal
crystal systems;
~ monoclinic
crystal systems;
()~
orthorhombic crystal systems;
()~
isometric crystal systems;
()~
tetragonal crystal systems;
~ triclinic
crystal systems.
zafirina.
sinople.
sinhalite.
earth blue.
system.
() crystal systems.
screen test.
Scandinavian standards.
scapolite.
skeleton of crystal.

( ) veils.
scorzalite.
crossed polar.
skutterudite.
apache tear.
(
) billot.
bullion.
ivory.
micas, glimmer,
isinglass stone, muscovite.

97


smithsonite.
pitchstone.
sogdianite.
sodaclase, albite.
sodalite.
()
hawks eye.
, solidus.
solitaire.
heliolite.
,
sizing.
sawables.
() cleavage;
~ eminent
cleavage, good cleavage;
() ~ poor cleavage;
~ imperfect
cleavage;
( ) ~
distinct cleavage;
~ perfect cleavage.
spalmandite, spandite.
specular hematite.
speculative.
spurrite.
spessartine (spessartite).
spodumene.

lyophile.
medium;
( )~
mounting medium;
()~
immersion medium;
~
refracting medium;
() ~ specific
gravity medium.

crystal jam.
staurolite.
stalagmite.
stalactite.
old mine cut.
glass;
~ basalt scoria;
~ vitreous silica;
~ Libyan
Desert glass, tektites;
~ aventurine glass;
~ impact glass;
~ Muscovy
glass, muscovite;
~ sealing glass;
~ microscope glass;
~ lead glass;
()~
magnifying glass.
vitreous.
(), , grade;
~ colour grade.
stibiotantalite.
stichtite.
stage.
stones.
cupids
dart, love-arrow.
silica-glass.
strontianite.
structure.
crystal structure.
sugilite.
succinite.
suprasil.
souesite.
sphalerite, blackjack, jack;
~ rosin jack;
~ steel jack.
, sphene.

98


sphaerocobaltite.
spherulite.
sierranite.
tabaschir.
taconite.
, speckstone, talk.
tangiwai(te).
tanzanite.
thaumasite.
taaffeite.
hardness.
texture.
australite (blackfellows) button.
tektites.

inclusion thermometry.
tephroite.
tigers eye.
thierschite.
tinaksite.
schorlomite.
() titanite.
tiffanyte.
top.
topaz;
~ -, sherry topaz;
~ Scotch
topaz, cairngorm;
~ Bohemian
topaz, citrine;
~
Brazilian topaz, citrine;
~ oriental
topaz, yellow sapphire;
~ hyacinth
topaz, citrine;
~ smoky topaz,
smokey quartz;
~ asteriated topaz;

~ gold topaz, citrine;

~ Spanish topaz,
yellow topaz, citrine;
~ royal topaz;
~ false topaz,
fluorite, citrine;
~ madeyra topaz,
citrine, synthetic corundum;
~ Nevada
topaz, obsidian;
~ palmeira topaz,
brown synthetic corundum;
~ saffronite
topaz, yellow quartz.
topazolite.
sity.
, point.
inversion point.
tremolite.

triangle cut.
, fracture.
tridymite.
triphane.
triphylite.
tugtupite.
tuxtlite.
thulite.
tourmaline;
~ Brazilian
tourmaline, green elbaite;
~ vanadium
tourmaline, green buergerite;
~ blue tourmaline,
indicolite;
~ green tourmaline,
chome-tourmaline,
chome-dravite;
~ ragged
tourmaline;

99


~ red tourmaline,
siberite, elbaite;
~ paraiba
tourmaline, green buergerite;
~ polychromatic
tourmaline;
~ rose tourmaline,
elbaite;
~ Siberia
tourmaline, red elbaite;
~ chromium
tourmaline, chome-dravite;
~ black tourmaline,
schorl, cockle.
jetstone.
, heavy barite.
uvarovite, uwarowite.
uvite.
(, ,)
mineral carbon.
angle;
~ ()
included angle;
~
interfacial angle;
~ axial
angle; optic (axial) angle;
~ angle of reflection;
~ (
) Bragg angle;
~ angle of descent;
~ extinction angle;
~ angle
of total reflection;
~ (
) Brewsters angle;
~ polarizing angle;
~ refraction angle;
~ angle of despersion;
~ cleavage angle;

~
true optic angle;
~
apparent optic angle;
~ fixed
crystallographic angle.
specific tenacity.
specific gravity.
( ) nodular.
ulexite.
;
ultramarine.
() ounce.
flexible tenacity.
, elastic tenacity.

scintilation.
ussingite.
() whewellite.

fancy cut diamond.
citrine fantoms.
streak plate.
phassachate.
fairbern.
fei tsui.
foid.
phenachite, phenakite.
magnetite.
fibrolite.
flintglass.
flats.
()
fluorescence.
fluorite.
cand.
, form.
crystal form;
~ cleavage form;

100


~ singular crystal form;
~ crystal form.
phosgenite.
faustite.
phosphophyllite.
friedelite.
phthanite.
, chadacryst.
chalcedony;
~ black chalcedony;
~ chrysocolle
chalcedony.

cubosilisite.
chalcedonyx.
chalchuite.
blue jack, chalcanthite.
chalcpyrite.
chalcosiderite.
hancockite.
appearance
of fracture.
chian.
chiastolite, mackle, macle.
macled.
hiolite.
chlorite.
chloromelanite.
chloropal.
chlorophane.
holtite.
chondrodite.
chrysoberyl.
chrysoquartz.
chrysocolla,
copper pitch ore.
chrysolite, peridot, olivine;
~ chrysolite
of Brazil, epidote.

chrysopal.
chrysoprase;
~ blue chrysoprase.
chrysotile.
chryselectrum.
, chromite.
brittle tenacity, tender.
frangibility; cleavage
brittleness.
colour;
~
interference colour;
~ ( ) extreme colour, axial colour.
colour zone.
( ) non-ferrous.
zeasite.
zeuxite.
zeylanite.
() ceylonite.
zektzerite.
celestine.
celonite.
centre.
grain of crystal.

Central Selling Organization, C. S. O.
zeolites.
ceruleite.
c cerussite.
cymophane.
zinnwaldite.
zincorhodochrosite.
zincoferrite.
() cipolin.
zircon.
citrine, citrine-palmeira.
zoisite.
chalchihuitl.
charoite.

101


line.
streak.
chips.
choke.
chabazite.
() assay button.
quartz crystal spheres.
swiss cut.
sheelite.
shapes.
,
( ) silky.
schorl;
~ white schorl, albite;
~ blue schorl,
blue buergerite;
~ green schorl, dravite;
~ red schorl, rutile;
~ raspberry
schorl, rose elbaite;
~ glass schorl, axinite;
~ titanium schorl, rutile;
~ black schorl.
- blue peach.
schillerization.
scale;
~
polarization colour scale;
~ hardness scale;
~ Mohs scale.
schlenter.
bullion.
microsection.
polisher, lapidary.
hat.
schorlomite.
spar;
~ schiller spar,
serpentine;

~ adamantinespar,
corundum, diamondspar;
~almandinespar,
eudialyte;
~ paper spar, calcite;
~ Derbyshire
spar, fluorite;
~ jewish spar, microcline;
~ pearl spar,
dolomite, orthoclase;
~ needle spar,
aragonite;
~ emeraldspar,
aktinolite;
~ ieland spar, calcite;
~ cats spar, gypsum;
~ ie spar, adulare;
~ cross-cours spar;
~ raspberry spar,
rhodochrosite, rose tourmaline;
~ Niagara spar, fibrous;
~ ruby spar, rhodonite;
~ sapphirespar,
kyanite;
~ blue spar, lazurite;
~ dogtooth spar, calcite;
~ tabularspar,
wollastonite;
~ hard spar, corundum;
() ~ satin
spar, gypsum, aragonite.
spinel; magnesiumaluminate;
~ almandine spinel;
~ Arizona spinel, pyrope;
~ noble spinel;
~ vanadium spinel;
~ hyacinth spinel;
~bluespinel,
gahnospinel;

102


~ iron spinel,
hercynite; ferrospinel;
~ asteriated spinel;
() ~ green spinel;
~ cobalt spinel;
~ pomegranate;
- ~ yellow spinel;
- ~ balas;
~ ruby spinel;
~ sapphire spinel;
~ synthetic spinel;
~ vinegar spinel;
~zinc spinel, gahnite.
strengite.
striae.
hand specimen.
eudialyte.
euclase.
eucolite.
euxenite.
egeran.
aegirine.
eicotourmaline.
ekanite.
extra.
electrum.
symmetry element.
elbaite.
eldoradoite.
emaldine.
emildine.
enhydros, hydrolite.
enstatite.
eozite.
eocrystal.

epidote.
epaulet.
essonite.
fish eye.
yuksporite.
javaite.
yakutite.
bernstein.
amber, bernsteinagstein,
jet, agstein, glesum, lamber,
chrysophoron;
~, bastard;
~ ( ) amber;
~ c amberoide;
~ blue amber;
~ Canada amber;
~ bone amber,
osseous amber;
()~
osseous amber;
~ pressed amber;
~ black amber, jat.
jasperite, jasper, jaspis;
~ agate jasper;
~ pal jasper;
~ oriental jasper;
~ xyloid jasper;
~ Egyptian jasper;
~ riband (ribbon) jasper;
~ porcelain jasper;
~ ball jasper.
jaspery, jaspiden,
jaspideous, jaspoid.
jaspachate, jaspagate.
jasponyx.

ABA

1
-
Abatement .
Ability ;
~ withstand heat ;
abrasive ~ ;
drawing ~ ;
;
rolling ~ ;
sintering ~ .
Abnormality .
Abradability .
Abradant .
Abrade .
Abrading tool .
Abrasion .
Abrasion resistance .
Abrasion-proof .
Abrasive ;
~ cloth ;
~ material ;
~ paper ;
~ resistance .
Abrasiveness .
Abrupt ; ;
~ translatory wave .
Abrupture .
Absorb .
Absorber ; ;
heat ~ .
Absorption ,
;
thermal ~ .
Abstergent .

Acceptable .
Accessory .
Accident-free .
Accretion .
Accumulation ;
dirt ~ .
Achromatic .
Acicularity .
Acid ;
~ resistance ;
~-fast ;
~ic ; ;
~ify ;
~ity ;
~less ;
~proof ;
~-resistance ;
~-resisting ;
~-resistive ;
~-tolerant ;
~ulate .
Acrid .
Across ; ;
size ~ .
Action ;
apply control ~ ;
cutting ~ ;
remedial ~ .
Adaptive metallurgy .
Addendum .
Addition , ;
~ alloy ;

104

ADO
alloy ~ .
Adornment .
Aeration of moulding sand .
Affinage .
Afterpurification .
Aftertreatment .
Age .
Ag(e)ing .
Ag(e)ing treatment .
Agent ; ;
addition ~ ;;
;
additive ~ ;;
;
binding ~ ;
blasting ~ ;
bleaching ~ ;
cellulating ~ ;
degreasing ~ ;
deoxidizing ~ ;
;
filling ~ ;
fusing ~ ;
heat-carrying ~ ;
heat-transfer ~ ;
oxidizing ~ ;
pickling ~ ;
solidifying ~ ;
solubilizing ~ .
Agitation ; .
Air ;
~ drain ;
~ hardening ;
~ void .
Air-sand .
Airvoid .
Alkali ; .
Allotriomorphic .

Allotropic transformation .
Allotropy .
Allowance ;
upper ~ .
Alloy ;;
;
addition ~ ;
foundry ~ ;
master ~ ;
reduction ~ ;
solder ~ ;
soldering ~ ;
type ~ ;
type-metal ~ .
Alloy ;
hypereutectic ~
;
hypereutectoid ~
;
hypoeutectic ~
;
hypoeutectoid ~
.
Alloyability .
Alloyed .
Alloying ;
~ composition .
Alpha ;
~ alloy -;
~ brass -;
~ bronze -;
~ decay -.
Alpha-beta brass -.
Aluminium .
Aluminum silicate .
Amalgam .
Amalgamate .
Amalgamation .
Amorphous .

105

AMO
Amount ; ;
specific ~ of metal .
Analysis ;
( ).
Analyzing .
Anchor , .
Anchored by .
Anchoring , .
And ;
wear ~ tear .
Angle ;
~ clip ;
~ element ;
~ section .
Anneal .
Annealing ;
spontaneous ~ .
Anhydrous .
Anisometropia .
Anisotropic .
Anisotropy .
Anodic ;
~ oxidation ;
~ oxide coating ;
~ process ;
~ treatment ;
give ~ treatment .
Anodization .
Anodize .
Anodizing .
Antirust .
Apprentice .
Arbor .
Arborescent .
Arch .
Argil .
Art casting .
Articulated joint .
Articulated link .
Articulating link .

Artificial ;
~ gold leaf .
Artificial ageing
.
Asbestos .
As-cast structure .
Ascension of inclusion
.
Ase depth .
Ash ; ; ;
~ bottom .
Ash sump .
Assay .
Assaying .
Assemble .
Assimilation .
Astriction .
Astringent .
Atmosphere .
Atmosphere riser
.
Atomic fraction .
Attaching .
Attack ; ;
.
Attend .
Attribute ; .
Augment .
Auric .
Austempering
.
Autofrettage .
Automatic ; ;
~ welding .
Automorphic .
Availability ;
.
Awl ;
scribe ~ ; .
Awry .

106

AXI
Axis ; .
Back ; ;;
;
cogging ~ ;
draw ~ .
Backcup ; .
Backlash ; .
Backstone .
Backward ; ;
~ slip ( ).
Baffle .
Bake ; ; .
Baking ; .
Balance , ; ; ;
~ measurement .
~ weight .
Ball ; ;
iron ~ .
Band ; ; .
Bang ; .
Bangle .
Bar ; ; ;
; ;
breakdown ~ ;
channel ~ ;
eye ~ ;
mill ~ .
Barrier ; ;
moisture ~ property.
Base .
Base of an alloy .
Basse-taille
( ).
Bath ;
fused ~ .
Bath level .
Batter ;

~ even .
Battered ; .
Bazel ,
.
Be ; ;
~ adjacent .
Bead ; .
Beading .
Beads ; .
Beads ; ; .
Beak .
Beam ;
~ head ;
collar ~ ;
longitudinal ~ .
Bear .
Beat ; .
Beck .
Bed ; ; ; ;
~ plate ; ;
cooling ~ -;
.
Behaviour ; ;
spalling ~ .
Bench ; ; .
Bend ; ; .
Bend test .
Bending ; ,
(); ,


;
~ tongs .
Beta ; -;
~ brass -.
Bevel ; .
Bezel ; .

107

BIA
Biaxial .
Bicolour .
Bicrystal .
Bilet .
Bin ;
batch ~ .
Binary alloy .
Binary eutectic .
Bind .
Binder ; ;
;
metal ~ -.
Bit ; ;
broaching ~ ; ;
cutting ~ ;
drilling ~ ;
end ~ ;
soldering ~ .
Bite .
Black e;
~ carbor ;
~ oxide treatment ;
chemical ~ ;
;
smoke ~ ; .
Blacken e.
Blacksmith .
Blacksmiths shop .
Blacksmithing .
Blade ; .
Blank ; ;
~ holder ;
cupped ~ ;
forging ~ .
Blanking ; .
Blast .
Blasting ;
shot ~ .
Blastula .
Bleaching ; ;

~ process .
Bleed ( ).
Blend ; .
Blind ; ;
~ plug .
Blind riser .
Blinding .
Blink .
Blister ;
hydrogen ~ -.
Blister ; ; .
Block:
~ diagram -;
die ~ ; ;
flaring ~ ; ;
linoleum ~ ;
rough ~ of stone
( ).
Block mo(u)ld .
Bloom ; ; .
Blooming:
two-high reversing ~mill
-.
Blooming-slabbing mill (

).
Blower ;
air-sand ~ .
Blowhole , .
Blue , ;
~ shortness ;
enamel ~ .
Blued .
Blueing .
Blunt .
Bobbin , .
Bodkin , .
Body ( ).
Boiler scale .

108

BOI
Boiling , .
Boiling .
Boiling temperature
.
Bolt , ;
~ together .
Bolted moulding box .
Bonding , ,
.
Bonding agent , .
Book ;
instruction ~ ;
reference ~ .
Boom , .
Boost , .
Booth .
Borax .
Border .
Bore , ().
Borer , ;
tap ~ .
Borings .
Bottom , ,
();
~ die ;
~ swage (
).
Bought scrap .
Bow ( ).
Bowing .
Bowl , .
Box:
~ form ;
casting ~ ;
die ~ ,
;
molding ~ .
Brace ,,.
Bracelet ;
~ watch ;

ankle ~ ;
curb ~ ;
link ~ ,
;
strap ~ .
Branching , .
Branding , .
Brass .
Brazent joint (
).
Brazing ( ).
Break , , , .
Breakable .
Breakdown .
Breaker .
Breaking ,,
.
Bright ;
scraping ~ ( ).
Bright spot ().
Bring ;
~ down (),
.
Brittleness ;
cold ~ ;
development off ~ ;
hot ~ ;
red ~ ;
yellow ~ .
Broach , .
Broaching , ;
~ work .
Bronze .
Brooch ;
~ Sevigne
(
,
,

109

BRO

);
bouquet ~ ;
bow ~ ;
pendant ~ -.
Brown , .
Bruise ( ),
( ).
Brush , ;
scratch ~ .
Buckle , (), .
Buckling , .
Buff .
Builders finish hardware .
Buildup ();
, .
Built-up moulding box .
Bulge .
Bulged , .
Burden , , .
Burder .
Burin .
Burn , ;
~ off .
Burner .
Burning , ;
~ loss .
Burnishing ,
, .
Burnishing ;
,

.
Burr , ;
welding ~ .
Buscles (
).

Bushing , ;
forming ~ .
Cake -.
Calcination .
Caliber ().
Calk .
Calorific balance .
Calorific value
.
Calx .
Camber , , ( ).
Cambering
( ).
Carbon ;
~ restoration treatment ( ).
Carbon pick-up .
Carburizing ,
( );
cyanid ~ .
Carpenters pincers .
Carve ( ).
Carving , .
Case , ;
cyanide ~ hardening .
Casehardening with .
Cast ; ; ;
~ product .
Castability .
Castable .
Caster .
Casting , ; ;

;
~ alloy ;
~ characteristic ;

110

CAV
~ continuous machine
(
);
~ defect ;
~ flaws ;
~ leakage ;
~ mold , ;
~ mould ;
~ properties ;
~ shop , ;
~ stresses ;
~ time , ;
die ~ -;
feeding ~ ;
high-quality ~
;
investment ~ technique
;
jewellery ~ ;
precision ~ ;
rejected ~ ;
sand ~
() ;
short ~ ( );
short-run ~ ;
wax ~
.
Cavern .
Cavernous .
Cavity , , .
Centrifugal casting
.
Centrifugal sand mixer,
.
Chain ;
armour ~ ;
fox tail ~
;

snake ~ ;
string ~ .
Chalk .
Chalybeate .
Chamfer ; ( ).
Chamotte .
Chamotte powder
, .
Chamotte sand .
Champleve enamel
( );
, .
Chap ; .
Characteristic ;
;
casting ~ .
Charcoal .
Charcoal dust .
Charge ; ();
~ material ;
~ mixture .
Charge calculation ,
.
Charm ;
~ bracelet .
Chase ; .
Chaser ; .
Chasing ;

()
;
.
Chatelaine ;


.
Check test piece -
( ).

111

CHE
Checkout (),
.
Cheese , .
Chemical analysis .
Chemical composition .
Chill ; ; ;
~ form ;
~ mold ;
~ ingot .
Chill casting .
China clay .
Chipping-out .
Chips .
Chisel ;
caulking ~ .
Cinder ; .
Clad ;
~ with gold .
Clamp ;
binding ~ ;
bolt ~ ;
holddown ~ ;
;
mold ~ (
).
Clasp , .
Clay bond
.
Cleaning .
Clip 1. ; 2. .
Cloisonne enamelling ();
,
,
.
Cloth .
Coat .
Coating ; .

Cobble ; ;
( ).
Coefficient of linear expansion .
Coining .
Cold:
~ working ;
entrapped ~ shot ;
lap ~ ( ).
Cold chamber die-castingmachine
.
Cold saw .
Cold work .
Cold-blast cupola
.
Cold-rolled .
Cold-short .
Cold-work hardening ( ).
Cold-worked .
Collar ; .
Collaring
.
Collet

(); .
Collet-set .
Colour print .
Columnar crystal
.
Combination pliers .
Combustion .
Combustion temperature
.
Combustion zone ,
.
Commissure .
Compaction .
Compo .

112

COM
Composite ;
~ metal .
Composition , ;
alloying ~ .
Compound ;
additive ~ ; ;
parting ~ .
Compression ;
~ molding .
Compressor .
Consolidation ;
~ by vibration .
Constituent ; ;
redusing ~ ;
slag-forming ~ .
Constitutional diagram
.
Contaminant ; ;
trace ~ .
Content ;
();
void ~ .
Conterbore ; .
Conterdie .
Conterpart ; .
Conterpunch .
Continuous ; ;
~ caster
(
);
~ casting machine
(
).
Contraction cavity
.
Control ;
temperature ~ ; .
Cooling .

Cope-type induction furnace .

Coping saw .
Copper ; ; ;
soldering ~ .
Copper alloys .
Coppering .
Copperization .
Copper-nickel -.
Copper-plated .
Copy ; .
Core ; ;
female ~ ;
male ~ .
Coreless induction furnace .
Corugation .
Counter ;
~ die .
Coupon ; .
Covering flux .
Crack ; ;
contraction ~ ( );
drying ~ ;
hair ~ ;.
Crank ; ;
shrinkage ~ .
Cranny .
Craze .
Crazing .
Critical point .
Crooking ; .
Cross ;
~ joint ( ).
Crucible .
Crucible tongs .
Crude ; ; ;
~ lead .
Crust .

113

CRY
Crystal ; ;
~ inoculating ;
~ seed
;
~ single ;
~ twin ;
~ ware .
Crystal nucleus .
Crystallization interval
.
Crystallization point
.
Cubic(al) dilatation
.
Cuff-link , . Stud.
Cunifer (,
).
Cup .
Cupel ; .
Cupellation ;
.
Curve ; ;
liqidus ~ .
Cut ; ;
~ diamond
( );
~ pliers .
Cut through .
Cutter ;
( ).
Cutters .
Cutting ;
(
);
~ pliers ; ;
~ puch ; ;
~ tool ;
flatnose ~ pliers .

Cutting through ();

.
Cutting-out ; .
Cuttings ; ; .
Cyanic .
Cyanidation .
Cyanide ;
~ case hardening ;
~ hardening ;
~ leaching .
Deal ;
select ~ ;
thread ~ indicator .
Debris .
Decarbonization .
Decarbonize .
Decarburization .
Decarburiz .
Defect .
Deformation strain .
Degasifying treatment ; .
Degassing .
Delineator .
Dendrite structure
.
Dendritic .
Dendritic segregetion
.
Densifier .
Density ;
pollution ~ .
Deoiler .
Deoiling .
Deoxidation .
Deoxidizing .
Deoxidizing agent .
Deposite (
).

114

DEP
Depreciation (
).
Depth .
Depurate .
Depuration .
Design ; .
Designer ;;
~ of construction lines ;
pattern ~ -.
Desilverization
().
Deteriorate .
Detrimental impurity .
Device ; ; ;
arresting ~ ;
attachment ~ ;
calibrating ~ ; ;
filament extrusion ~ ;
gripping ~ ; ;
load-handling ~ ;
locking ~ ; ;
metering ~ ;
plugging-up ~ ;
programming ~ ;
protection ~ ;
safety ~ ;
temperature control ~ ;
;
thermoelectric ~ ;
tilting ~ ;
warning ~ c;
workholding ~ ().
Dichroism ; .
Die ; ; ;;
-; ;;
;
~ block ; ;

~ box ; ;
~ carrier ;
~ casting -;
~ forming ;
~ holder ;
;
~ hole ;
~ mold -;
~ plate ;
~ stand ;
bed ~ ;
bottom ~ ;
compound ~ -;
counter ~ ;
drawing ~ ;
female ~ ;
;
fixed ~ ;
gravity ~ ;
injection ~ -;
male ~ ;
master ~ -;
master ~ model -;
molding ~ -;
offset ~ -;
plunger~ ;
reducing ~ ;
screw ~ ;
();
screwing ~ ; ();
thread-cutting ~ ;
threading ~ ; ();
top ~ ;
trimming ~ -;
unit ~ -.
Diffusion .
Difraction .

115

DIG
Dig (
).
Dihedral ;
.
Dihedron .
Dihexagonal .
Dimensional ;
;
~ stability .
Dimensionally stable .
Dimple ( ); ( ); ( ).
Dint ; (
).
Diploid .
Dipping (
).
Dipyramid .
Direct pressure hot-chamber diecasting machine
.
Direct resistance furnace
.
Dirt ; .
Discard ().
Disodium detraborate .
Dispersivity ( ).
Dissipation ; ;
heat ~ ; .
Dissociation .
Dissolubility .
Dissolution ;
.
Dissolvent .
Dissolving .

Distort .
Distortion ; ; ().
Dodecahedral ; .
Dodecahedron ; .
Dot ( ).
Double contraction pattern ,
-.
Double-faced .
Double-layer .
Double-ply .
Down:
break ~ (
);
bring ~ ();
;
chill ~ ;
cool ~ ; ;
draw ~ ; ;
drawing ~ ;
flat ~ ;
let ~ ; ;
letting ~ ; ;
melt ~ ; ;
melting ~ ;;
ore ~ ();
oreing ~ ();
pulling ~ (
);
smelting ~ .
Draft ; (
); ( ).
Drag ( ); ; ( ).
Drain ;

116

DRA
air ~ (
); .
Drain-out (
).
Draw ; ; ();
);
back ~ ;
down ~ ; ;
plate ~ ;
ring ~ ; ;
screw ~ ( ).
Drawback .
Drawer ().
Drawer-typedryingstove
.
Draw-forming(
).
Drawhole .
Drawing ; ;
(
);
die ~ ;
down ~ ;
nozzle ~ .
Drawing-out frame .
Dress ().
Dresser -.
Dressing ;(
); ();
.
Drift ; ; ;
~ hammer ; .
Driftbolt ; .
Driftpin ;;
.
Drill ; ;
dental ~ ;
electric ~ ;

screw ~ ;
tap ~ .
Drilling ;
~ core (
);
~ operation ;
~ out ;
~ tool ;
~ work .
Drive ; ;
;
~ gear ;
~ mechanism ;
~ out .
Drop ().
Drop gate
.
Dross ; ; ; ( ); .
Drossing .
Dual ; ;
~ metal .
Ductile (); ; ; .
Ductility (); ; ; .
Dull ;
~ polishing .
Dulling ; ; ().
Dummy ();
~ ingot ( ).
Durability ;
.
Durable ; .
Dust ; ; ( );
parting ~ .

117

DUS
Dust-setting tant .
Eagre .
Earclips -, .
Earrings ;
drop-like ~ ;
padlock-shaped ~
;
pendant ~ ;
round ~ .
Easy-flowing .
Eat ; .
Ebullience .
Eccentric .
Echelon (:
).
Edge ; (
); .
Effect ;;
;
chilling ~ ;
heat ~ ;
piping ~ .
Effervescence .
Elastic ; .
Electric ; ;
~ air welding ;
~ brazing
( );
~ drill ;
~ furnace ;
~ induction ;
~ melting .
Electric arc furnace
.
Electric resistance furnace
.
Electrochemical ;

~ facing ;
~ oxidation ;
~ reduction .
Electrodeposit
( ).
Electrodeposition ; ;
().
Electrodepositor ; .
Electroforming ; .
Electrofusion .
Electrogalvanizing .
Electrohardening .
Electrolytic ;
~ cleaning ;
~ metallurgy ;
~ oxidation ;
;
~ polishing ;
~ precipitation
( );
~ refining .
Electroplate ;
( ).
Electroplater .
Electroplating ; ; ;
().
Electropolishing .
Electrosmelting .
Electrotiping .
Electrum .
Element ; ;
heating ~ , ;
thermocouple ~ .
Embellishment .

118

EMB
Emboss ;
(
).
Embossed ; .
Embossed work ,
(, , , ).
Embossing ; ; ,
,

.
Embrittle .
Embrittlement ;
.
Emergency ; ; ;
~ metal -.
Emery ; ;
~ off ;
~ paper .
Enamel ; ;
; ; e

,
;
strongy ~ .
Enchase ( ).
Encrust .
End ; ; ; ; ; ;
;
~ bit ;
gate ~ ().
End-cutting nippers ;
.
Ends (. );
~ crop .

Engage (
).
Engraving 1. ;

; 2. ;
~ for niello work
e;
copper-plate ~ ;
line ~ upon glass
.
Entrapped cold shot .
Entry .
Envelope .
Environment ; ;
vacuum ~ .
Equilibrium diagram
.
Equilibrium state
.
Equipment ;
; ;
ingot-forming ~ .
Erosion ; ;
flame ~ .
Etch ();
().
Etch figures .
Etching (); ();
~ blanching ;

.
Euhedral ;
.
Eutectic .
Eutectic alloy .
Eutectoid alloy .

119

EUT
Eutectoid point .
Evacuate ().
Evacuated
().
Evacuation
().
Evaporation .
Even ;
batter ~ ; .
Evenness .
Evolution ; ;
gas ~ ; .
Exciter ;
vibration ~ .
Expand ; .
Expansion ;
~ nozzle ;
~ scab ( ).
Expansive agent .
Expulsion (

).
Extending .
External ; ;
~ turning .
Extractant ; .
Extracting box ( ).
Extraction ;;
;
fat ~ .
Extractor ; .
Extraneous ;; ;
~ matter .
Extrude ( ).
Extrusion
( ); ;
filament ~ device .

Eye ;
~ joint .
Face (
).
Faced-centered .
Facet ; .
Faceting .
Facilities .
Facing ( );
electrochemical ~ .
Fading ();
colour ~ .
Fagoting ; .
Faked .
Fang ; .
Fashion .
Fast ( ); ;
bern ~ .
Fasten ; ;
;
~ by rivets ;
~ with rivets .
Fastener ;;
.
Fastening ; .
Fatigue of material .
Fatigue strength , .
Feeder ().
Feeding .
Female core .
Female die ;
.
Female mold .
Female screw .

120

FER
Fermoir (fr.) , ,
.
, ,
.
, , .
Fettle ();
();
().
Fettling a casting ,
.
File ; ;
~ arm ();
~ broach ;
~ coarse -;
~ needle ;
~ needle-point ;
~ out ;
~ rasp ;
~ rasping ;
~ riffling -;
~ rough -;
;
~ rough-cut -.
Filigree .
Filigree work ();

,

, ;
openwork ~
;
superimposed ~ work~
.
Filings (
).
Fill ;

cushion ~ ( ).
Film ( ); .
Fin ; ;
( ).
Fine , , ;
~ crack ;
~ feed ;
~ granulation (: ).
Finely ;
~ divided ; ;
~ ground .
Fineness ();
().
Finings .
Finish ;;
;
smooth ~ ; .
Finishing ; ;
;
~ paper ;
mat ~ .
Fire ; ;
;
~ mark ();
~ scale .
Fire gilding ().
Fire scale .
Fire-brick .
Firecracker -.
Fireproof ; ; .
Fire-resistant ;
.
Firmness ; .
First-stage vacuum .

121

FIS
Fissure ; ;
~ hairline .
Fit ; .
Fit up ; .
Fitting ; .
Fix ; ;
~ by pins .
Fixture ; ; .
Flange ; ;
~ claw .
Flanging ; ; ( ).
Flaring ();
;
~ tool ; .
Flash ; ( );
~ recess ;
~ tank .
Flash-off ; ( ).
Flask , .
Flat ; ();
~ bar ; ;
~ clamp ;
~ pliers .
Flatnose cutting pliers .
Flat-nosed pliers .
Flatten ; ().
Flaw ; ; ;
~ formation ;
discountinuity ~ .
Flex .
Flexibility .
Flexible ;;;
.
Flexing ; .
Flexion .
Floral motifs .

Flow turning
( ).
Flush ; .
Flush-mounted ; ( ).
Fluted .
Fluting ; ().
Flux ; ;
; .
Fluxed .
Fluxing (); ; ();
; .
Foam refining .
Foil ; .
Fold ; (
).
Folding in (
).
Folding surface .
Foot ; ;
~ screw -.
Forceps ; ;
.
Forcer ; .
Foreheart ; .
Foreman ; ;
.
Forepress .
Forge ; ; ; ; ;
~ rolling ( ).
Forgeability .
Forgeable .
Forged ; .
Forge-roll ( ).

122

FOR
Forging ;
, ,
, . . ;
;
~ reduction ratio ;
~ robot -;
~ shop ;
~ upset ;.
Forgings ().
Formation ; ;
;
fissure ~ ;
flaw ~ ;
scull ~ ;;
slag ~ .
Forming ; ;
;
~ to shape ;
die ~ ;
press ~ ; ;
roll ~ ( );
stretch ~ ;
( );
thread ~ .
Forward ;
~ slip .
Found ; .
Founder .
Founding ; ;
(. );
.
Founding properties
.

Foundry ; ; (. );
~ alloy ;
~ furnace ;
~ goods (.
);
~ loam ;
~ man ;
~ mold ; ;
~ mould .
Fracture .
Fracture surface .
Fragility .
Frangibility .
Frangible .
Fray ; .
Freckle ( ).
Free ; ;
~ from defects .
Freezing ;
~ of a furnace
;
~ point ;
~ range ;
~ shrinkage
;
~ temperature
.
From:
free ~ defects .
Frosting .
Fulguration ( ).
Fuller (
).
Fullering (
); ( ).
Fume ; .

123

FUN
Funnel -.
Furbish ; .
Furnace ; ;
~ throat ;
~ top ;
blast ~ ;
cupola ~ ;
electric ~ ;
electrically heated ~ ;
holding ~ ; -;
open-hearth ~ .
Fusion .
Fusion heat .
Fusion point .
Fusion temperature
.
Fusion zone in a cupola .
Galvani .
Galvanisation
.
Galvanization .
Gas ; ; ;
~ bubble ;
~ vent ( );
~ washer ;
.
Gate ;
~ flow ;
~ pouring ;
~ runner ;
().
Gating system , .
Gating-feeding - .
Gauge ; .
Gild ; .

Gilded .
Gilding , ;



.
Gilt ; .
Git .
Glaziers diamond .
Gloss value (
).
Glossy ; .
Glut (

).
Gold ; ; ;
~ bearing ;
~ grain ;
~ lacquering ( );
~-coloured ;
~-mining ;
~-plate ;
~-plated ;
~-plating ;
(
);
artificial ~ leaf ;
plating of ~ .
Golden ; .
Gooseneck ; .
Gouge ; .
G-press .
Grade ; ; .
Graded ;
.
Grain ; .
Grain boundary .
Grain gold .

124

GRA
Grained .
Granulation ; ;

,
.
Grave .
Graver ; .
Gravity ; .
Gravity die , .
Gravity-die casting
.
Gravure ; .
Grease remove .
Grind ; ;
; .
Grinding ;
();
~ finish ;
~ material ;
~ wheel ;
~ work .
Grip ; .
Grog .
Groove ();
; ().
Grooving .
Grossgrained .
Guard heat .
Guide ;
~ bearing ;
~ plate ;
~ scratch ().
Hack ; .
Hacking .
Hacksaw .
Hair-clip .
Hairpin .

Half-and-half (,
).
Hallmark (
).
Hammer ; ;
;
~ out ; ; ;
~ scale ;
~ slag ;
brick ~ -;
Bricklayers ~ -;
bush ~ (
);
lump ~ ; ;
sledge ~ ();
;
swage ~ (
);
swaging ~ (
);
wooden ~ .
Hammered out .
Hammered-harden ;
.
Hammering ;;
; ();


.
Hand ; ;
~ hammer ;;
~ sledge ;
~ stock ;
by ~ ; .
Handicraft ; ; .
Hanger .

125

HAR
Hard ;
grow ~ .
Hard-drawn .
Harden ; .
Hardenability ;
.
Hardened .
Hardener ; .
Hardening ;
~ capicity ;
~ shop ;
~ age ;
~ air ;
cold-work ~ ( );
cyanide ~ ;
cyanide case ~ ;
heat ~ ;
mechnical ~ ( );
metal ~ ;
quench ~ (
);
strain ~ ;
( );
wear ~ ( );
work ~ ( ).
Hard-face (
);
( ).
Hard-facing (
)
( ).
Hardness ;
~ index ;
~ measuring instrument ;
~ meter ;

~ number ;
~ penetration ;
~ tester .
Hard-surface (
).
Hard-surfacing (
).
Hardwearing .
Hatch ; ;
lever ~ ( ).
Haze ; .
Head ();
~ metal ();
lost ~ ();
rising ~ ().
Hearth
( );
front ~ of a shaft furnace
.
Heat ; ; (
);
~ aging ;
~ capacity ;
~ conductivity ;
~ fastness ;
~ hardening ;
~ treatment ;;
~ up .
Heat conduction .
Heat exchange ,
.
Heat radiation .
Heat resistance .
Heating ; ;
~ element ; .
Heating curve .
Heating time
.

126

HEA
Heating value
.
Heat-treated ;
.
Heat-treater .
Hemispheric ingot -
( ).
Heterogeneous material
.
Hew .
High-alloy .
High-frequency induction furnace
.
High-grade .
High-melting .
High-melting-point alloy
.
High-porous .
High-silica sand .
High-temperature ; ;
~ strength ;
.
High-temperature annealing
.
High-to-lowspeedtransition
.
Hinge .
Hinged .
Hit ; .
Hob -;
( ).
Hog ; .
Hold ; ; ;
; ;
~ down ; ;
~ spring .
Holder ; ;

blank ~ (
);
die ~ ;
;
punch ~ .
Holdfast ; .
Hole ; ();
;
die ~ .
Hollow ; ; ;
.
Hollowness ; .
Hook ; ; ;
~ lock -
();
safety ~ ; ;
snap ~ .
Hoop ; ; ; .
Horn (); .
Horning ; .
Horns (
).
Horse (
).
Hose ; ;
spiral wrap ~ .
Host ; ;
~ metal -.
Hot ;
~ brittleness ;
~ shortness ;
~ tear (
);
~ top ();
~-brittle ;
~-drawn ;
~-metal slag separator ;
~-rolled ;
~-short ;
c;

127

HOU
~-shortness ;
~-top ();
running ~ .
Hours ;
working ~ .
Hub -; -.
Impact ; ;
~ molding .
Impress ;;
.
Impression ; ;
(); ; .
Imprint ; ; .
In ; ; (
);
seal ~ ;
solder ~ ().
Incomplete ;
;
~ cut (
).
Incrustation ; .
Ingate , .
Ingot ; ; ;
;
~ chill ;
~ mold ; ;
cogged ~ ;
dummy ~ ( ).
Ingot-forming equipment .
Ingot mould .
Inlay ; .
Insert ; ; ;
~ molding .
Inset ( ).
Intake .
Internal defect .
Internal strain .

Internal stress .
Into ;
make ~ bars ;
seal ~ .
Invar ().
Inverse segregation
.
Iron ; ; ;
~ ball ;
~ chill ; ;
~ mold ;
cutting ~ ();
mirror ~ ;
muck ~ ;
soldering ~ ;
spiegel ~ ;
spiked ~ .
Ironwork .
Jacaranda ; .
Jag ; ; .
Jagging .
Jamb (
); .
Jaw (); ( ); ().
Jaws ; ;
grasping ~ .
Jewel ; ; .
Jewel-box(-case) .
Jeweller ;
~s (shop) .
Jewellery ;
.
Jumping up ; .
Kaolinite clay .
Karat .

128

KEY
Key ;
~ bolt ;
~ ring .
Kickoff ; .
Kink ();;
.
Klin ; ; (
, , ).
Knerled ; ; .
Knife ; ;
~ tool .
Knife-shaped graver .
Knockout .
Knurl ;;
.
Knurling ; ;
;
~ straight .
Lackluster .
Ladle ;
~ man ;
~ scull (
);
vacuum ~ -.
Laminate ; .
Lamination ; ;
.
Lap ; ; ;
cold ~ ( );
single ~ ;
teeming ~ ; .
Large-grained .
Larry ; .
Latent cavity .
Lathe ;
~ work ; .
L-bar .
Leaching ;;
cyanide ~ .

Lead ; ();
(, );
~ bullion ;
~ monoxide ;
~ oxide .
Leaf ; ; ;
artificial gold ~ (
).
Lean-to (
).
Ledge ; ; .
Leg ( );
( ).
Lemniscate .
Lengthen ; .
Level ; ; ;
~ down ; .
Leveling ; ; .
Lifetime ; .
Light ; ; ;
leaded ~ .
Lighten ;
(, ).
Light-gage sheet .
Lighting ; .
Lightness ; .
Lightweight ; .
Limit ; ;
clearance ~ ;
set a ~ ;
tolerable ~ .
Limitation ; .
Limited .
Line ;
liquidus ~ ;
river ~ ( );
solidus ~ .
Liner .

129

LIN
Link ; ;
~ articulated ;
~ articulating ;
~ up ; .
Liquation ; ; .
Liquefaction .
Liquid ; .
Liquidus ;
~ line .
Liquidus temperature
.
Load ; ;
skip ~ .
Loam moulding .
Loam sand
.
Lock ; -
();
~ with a cotter pin ;
~ with dowels ;
clamp-fixing ~ -
();
hook ~ - ().
Locket .
Logwood .
Loosen ().
Loosening ().
Loss ;
burning ~ ;
burn-off ~ ;
burnout ~ ;
shrinkage ~ ; .
Machine ; ;;
~ to a template ;
coiling ~ ;
decoiling ~ .
Machining ;
~ station ;

~ work station .
Magnifying ;
~ glass ;
~ power (, ).
Make ; ;
; ;
~ into bars .
Male core .
Male die .
Malleability .
Malleable (); .
Malleableness .
Man ; ; ;
ladle ~ .
Mandrel ; ; ;
; ; ;
~ plug ; .
Mapping ( ).
Margin ( );
( ); .
Mark ;;;
;
bootleg ~ ( );
center ~ (
);
chipping ~ ;
collar ~ ( );
fire ~ ();
handling ~ ; ;
reed ~ ();
star ~ ( );
stop ~ ().
Marquise ; 1.
; 2.
.
Mash .
Massistor .

130

MAS
Master -; ;
~ die -;
~ die model -;
~ pattern ; ;
~ punch -.
Master alloy .
Mat ; .
Material ;
abrasive ~ ;
burden ~ ;
charge ~ ;
fluxing ~ ;
grinding ~ ;
strip ~ .
Matt ; .
Matte ;
bessemer ~ ;
concentrated ~ ;
converter ~ ;
first ~ ;
lead-copper ~ ;
raw ~ .
Matted .
Matting ;
(,
, )
.
Mechanical ; ;
~ hardening ( ).
Mechanism ; ; ; ;
transfer ~ .
Medallion , . Locket.
Melt ; ; ;

~ down ; ;
~ out ;
~ together ;
liquid ~ .
Meltback .
Meltdown ; .
Melter .
Melting ; ;
;
~ pot ;
( );
~ process .
Melting heat .
Melting loss .
Melting point .
Metal ; ;
~ block ;
~ discard ;
~ junk ; ;
~ mould , ;
~ scrap ;
~ structure ;
~-intensive ;
binder ~ - ( );
composite ~ ;
head ~ ();
host ~ -;
native ~ ;
rolled ~ ;
salvage ~ ;
scrap ~ ; ;
specific amount of ~ ;
specific amount of ~ perstructure
;
specific quantity of ~ perstructure
;

131

MET
waste ~ ; .
Metallic matrix
.
Metallographic ;
~ sample ;
~ section ;
~ specimen ; .
Metallurgical .
Metallurgist .
Metallurgy ; ;
electrolytic ~ ;
physical ~ .
Microhardness .
Microscope .
Microsection ; ; .
Microsegregation .
Microshrincage .
Mill ; ; ;
~ operation ;
~ operator ;
~ product ;
~ table ;
~ blooming ;
~ blooming-slabbing (

);
descaling ~ ;
pilger ~ -;
plug ~ -;
reamer ~ -;
reeling ~ -;
refining ~ -;
repiercing ~ -;
rolling ~ products ;
skew rolling ~ -;
slab ~ ;

slabbing ~ ;
two-high reversing blooming~
-.
Milling ;
~ machine operator ;
~ tool ;
roll ~ ;
screw thread ~ ;
stone ~ ;
thread ~ .
Millman ; .
Miniatures and Silhouettes (Frames)
; 1.

, ;
2.
,
.
Mining ; ;
gold ~ .
Minting . Coining.
Mirror ; ;
~ iron .
Mixed crystal
.
Mixer ; ; ; ;
~ preliminary refining ;
sand ~ (
).
Mixing ; .
Mixture ; ; ;
charge ~ ;
fusion ~ ;
working ~ .
Mock ; .
Model .
Moisten ;
().

132

MOL
Mold ; ;
; ; ;
~ clamp (
);
~ pan ;
casting ~ ;
chill ~ ;
die ~ -;
flask ~ ;
foundry ~ ; ;
ingot ~ ; ;
iron ~ ;
metal ~ ;
negative ~ ;
press ~ -;
pressing ~ -.
Moldability ;
.
Moldable ; .
Molding ; ;
; ;
~ box ;
~ die -;
~ frame ;
~ plane ; ;
impact ~ ;
pressure ~ ;
vacuum ~ -.
Montage ;
.
Mo(u)ld .
Mould ;,
.
Moulder , .
Moulding 1. , ; 2. .

Moulding machines with centrifugal

vacuum or gravity loading
of metal , .
Moulding material
.
Mount ; ; ; ; ;
; .
Mount ;
pave ~ . Pave;
plain ~ ;
(

);
claw ~ ;
,
;
burred ~ ;
,
,
;
be ~ed in .
Mounting .
Mountz metal -.
Nab ().
Natural ageing .
Necking ; (
).
Needle file .
Needle-point file .
Nest ; ; .
Nib ( ).
Nickel ;
~ silver ;
copper- ~ ;
white ~ .

133

NIC
Nickel alloys ; , .
Nickel silver .
Nickeline .
Nickelize .
Nickelizing .
Nickel-plate .
Necklace ; ;
collar ~
.
Niello ; ( )
.
Nip ( ); ();
( ); .
Nip up ; ;
.
Nippers ; ; ;
pair of ~ ;
wire ~ .
Niter .
Nitrate ; .
Nitre .
Non-ferrous .
Non-ferrous alloy .
Non-ferrous metals .
Non-metal ; .
Non-metalli .
Non-metallic inclusions .
Non-recoverable .
Notch .
Nozzling (
).
Nugget .

Off ; ;
;
cut ~ ; ;
cutting ~ ;
; ;
emery ~ ;
level ~ ( );
peel ~ ;
;
run ~ ( );
saw ~ ; ;
scraping ~ ;
wash ~ ; .
Off-cast .
Ogee .
One-axle .
One-piece ; .
One-piece-forged .
One-piece-rolled .
Open .
Open riser .
Opener ; .
Open-hearth furnace .
Opening ( ).
Open-work ;
;
(ajoure`).
Operation ; ; ; ; ;
drilling ~ ;
melting ~ ;
mill ~ .
Operator ; ; ;
mill ~ .

134

OUT
Out ; ;
draw ~ ;
drilling ~ ;
drive ~ ;
fatten ~ ();
file ~ ();
hammer ~ ; ;
hammering ~ ;
plate ~ (
);
roll ~ ; ; ;
rolling ~ ;
;
saw ~ ().
Output ( ).
Overbending (
).
Overburning .
Overfill ();
().
Overfire ; .
Overfired .
Overfiring .
Overheating ; .
Overlaying ( ).
Overtemper .
Overtempering .
Oxidant .
Oxidation ; ;
.
Oxide ; ;
~ scale .

Oxide film .
Oxidizing ; ;
.
Oxidizing atmosphere
.
Painted enamels
(); ,
.
Pair ;
~ of forceps ;
~ of nippers ;
~ of pliers ;
~ of scissors ;
~ of tweezers .
Palladium, Pd .
Palmette
.
Pan ; ;
charging ~ ;
drain ~ ;
mold ~ ;
swart ~ .
Pane ; .
Paper ;
abrasive ~ ;
finishing ~ ;
polishing ~ .
Parcel-gilt
.
Part ;
blank ~ ;
work ~ .
Parting ; ;
;
~ dust ;
~ powder ;
~ sand .
Parure ,
.

135

PAS
Pass ; ();
broaching ~ ; .
Paste ( ),
.
Patching ; ;
roller ~ .
Pattern (); ; (
);
decorative ~ ;
double-contraction ~ ;
master ~ ; .
Pattern makers contraction
.
Patternmaker .
Pave-set
, ,
.
Payoff .
Peeling (
);
().
Peen ;
(); ; .
Peg ; .
Pellet .
Pelletizing ; ( );
(
).
Pendant ; .
Pendent ; .
Penetration ; ();
hardness ~ .
Peritectic .

Peritectic point .
Phase equilibrium .
Phase equilibrium diagram
.
Physical metallurgy .
Pick ;
center ~ (
).
Pickle ; ;
( ).
Pickling ; ( ).
Pick-punching .
Pickup (,
); ();
carbon ~ .
Piece ; ; ;
;
check test ~ - ( );
cutoff ~ ;
forged ~ ;
patch ~ ; .
Piercing ;
( ).
Pig ; ; .
Pigeonhole ( ).
Pilger ( ).
Pillar ; ;
anvil ~ .
Pimple ( ,
: ).
Pin ; ;
; ;
guide ~ ( );
knockout ~ ;
lock ~ ;
lock with a cotter ~ ;

136

PIN
punch ~ ; ;
retention ~ ;
splint ~ ;
tie ~ .
Pincers ; ; .
Pinchbeck
,
.
Pinchers ; .
Pinhole ;
~ ration .
Pit ; ;
( );
cuttings ~ .
Pitch .
Pivot ; ;
~ joint .
Placer ; .
Plain bumper .
Plain jolter .
Plane ;
molding ~ .
Planing ;
~ down ().
Planish (
); ;
( );
.
Plaquette
,
( ,
.).
Plasticity of moulding sand .
Plate ;
~ out (
);
collar ~ ;

die ~ ;
draw ~ ;
drip ~ ;
gold ~ ;
guide ~ ; ;
.
Plating ; ;
platinum ~ ;
rhodium ~ .
Platinic .
Platinization .
Platinize .
Platinizing .
Platinoid ().
Platinum, Pt .
Platinum-iridium -.
Platinum-rhodium -.
Pliers ; ;
;
combination ~ ;
cut ~ ;
cutting ~ ; ;
flat ~ ;
flat-nose ~ ;
flatnose cutting ~ ;
flat-nosed ~ ;
nipper ~ ;
pair of ~ ;
round ~ ;
round-nose ~ ;
side-cutting ~ ; -; ; -.
Plique-a-jour (fr.)
( );
, .
Pocket ; ;
slag ~ .

137

POI
Point ; ;
~ of inflection .
Pole ( ); ( ).
Poling .
Polish ; ; ; ; .
Polished ; ;
; .
Polisher ; ; .
Polishing ;
(,
) ;
~ pad ;
~ paper ;
~ stone ;
dull ~ ;
electrolytic ~ ;
tumble ~ .
Pollutant .
Poor ; ;
~ fusion .
Pore ; ;
~ formation ;
~ volume ;
microscopic ~ .
Poriferous .
Porosity ; .
Porous .
Porousness .
Pot ;
melting ~ ;
( ).
Pour ; .
Pourer ; .

Pouring ; ( );
~ basin ;
~ cup ;
~ gate ;
~ temperature
.
Powder ; ;
parting ~ .
Powdering .
Precious stone .
Preciousness .
Press ; ;
~ forming ;
;
~ mold -;
~ robot -;
~ tool -;
fagoting ~ -;
oil-actuated ~ .
Pressed .
Pressing ( );
; ;
~ in .
Pressman .
Pressure ; ; ;
negative ~ ; ;
pump feed under ~ ;
pumping under ~ ;
reduced ~ ; .
Pressure casting .
Pressure casting die -.
Pressure-die casting
.
Prill (.
).
Print ; ; ;
colour ~ .
Printers flower .
Printers metal .

138

PRO
Process ; ; ;
~ stage ;
anode ~ ;
anodic ~ ;
bending ~ ;
bleaching ~ ;
bonding ~ ;
;
chemical black ~ ; ;
melting ~ .
Process stage .
Product ; ; ;
cast ~ ;
rolled ~ .
Production (
); .
Projection .
Prong ; ,
.
Protection film .
Protective medium .
Protuberance
( ).
Pulling ; ;
~ down (
).
Pullover ; .
Pump ; ; ;
vacuum ~ -;
-.
Pumpdown
().
Punch ; ; ;
~ pin ; ;
~ stamp ;
cutting ~ ; ;
hollow ~ ;
master ~ -;
setting ~ ( );

stamping ~ .
Puncheon .
Puncher .
Punching ; (
); .
Purify , .
Purity ( ); .
Quality ; (
);
caking ~ ;
refractory ~ ;
water-absorbing~ .
Quality control .
Quality specification .
Quantity ; ;
specific ~ of metal .
Quench (
).
Quenched (
).
Quenching ( ); ().
Rabble ;
( ).
Rag ; (
).
Ragged .
Ragging ( ).
Ram (
); -; ;
top ~ .
Rammer ;;
.
Rap ;
().
Rapid analysis -.
Rapid determination -.

139

RAP
Rapid-cooling strengthening
( ).
Rapping plate -
( ).
Rarefaction .
Rarefy .
Rat tail ().
Rate ; ;
;
output ~ ;
production ~ ;
smelting ~
( ).
Rate of cooling .
Reamer ; ;
~ mill -;
rose ~ .
Recast ; .
Recasting ; .
Recaulk .
Recaulking .
Receding metal .
Recoiler : ;
-.
Recoiling .
Recover ; .
Recovery (
).
Recrement .
Red ;
~ brittleness ;
~ shortness .
Redress .
Red-short .
Reducing ;
~ constituent ;
~ die .
Reductant .
Reduction ;
forging ~ ratio .

Reduction ;
( ); .
Reduction process
.
Reed ();
~ mark ();
~ stripe ( ).
Reel ; ;
payoff ~ ;
recoiling ~ .
Reeler ; ;
-.
Refilling .
Refine ; .
Refining ; ; ; ;
, ;
~ foam ;
~ mill -;
preliminary ~ mixer .
Refinishing .
Refractoriness ;
.
Refractory ; ; ; ;
~ material ;
~ property ;
~ quality ;
chamotte ~ .
Refurbish ; .
Regrowth ; ; ; .
Regulus .
Rehabilitate .
Rehabilitation .
Reject ; ; .
Relief work . Stamp (in metal).
Remelt ; .

140

REN
Re-mental alloy .
Renew .
Repousse . Embossing.
Reroll .
Rerolled products .
Rerolling ; .
Resharp .
Residual stresses
.
Resistance ; ;
~ to acids ;
~ to heat ;
;
~ to scaling ;
~ to wear ;
abrasion ~ ;
abrasive ~ ;
chemical ~ ;
fire ~ ; ; ; ;
flame ~ ;
heat ~ ;
.
Resistant ; ;
~ to wear ;
fire ~ .
Resistibility ; .
Resisting ;
wear ~ property .
Resistive .
Restoration ; .
Retooling
( ).
Retorque ( , ).
Retorquing ( , ).
Retort residue .
Rewinder ; .

Rib ; .
Ridge ; .
Riffles (.
) ().
Rim 1. , ;
2. .
Ring ();
devorse ~
( ,
).
;
draw ~ ; ;
eternity ~
,
.
,
;
finger-~ ;
gaging ~ -;
half-hoop ~ , ;
memorial ~

(: );
signet ~ ;
wedding ~ ;
widow ~ (
).
.
Riser ();
slag ~ ; .
River line ( ).
Rivet ; ;
~ on ;
~ together .
Rod ; ; ;
knockout ~ ; .

141

ROL
Roll ; (,
);
~ forming (
);
~ out ; ;
; ;
~ stock ;
~ table ;
calender ~ .
Rollability .
Rolled ; ;
~ metal ;
~ product ;
~ products ;
~ stock ;
~ wire ;
semifinished ~ products ;
semifinished ~ stock .
Roller ();
;
~ bed ;
~ conveyor ;
~ gear bed ;
~ path ;
~ table ;
~ way .
Rollerman ;
.
Rollers .
Rolling ( );
~ mill products ;
forge ~ ( );
tandem ~ -
( ).
Rolling-out ; .
Rotary joint .
Rotating joint .

Rough ; ;
~ cut (
);
~ finish (
);
~ tolerance .
Roughing (
); ( ).
Roughness ; .
Round ; ; .
Rounding up .
Round-nose pliers .
Round-nosed tongs .
Rub .
Rubber ; ;
~ solvent -;
compounded ~ .
Rubbing .
Rubbish .
Rumbling .
Run off (
).
Runner .
Runoff ( );
( ).
Saddle ( ).
Salamander (
).
Salvage .
Sample .
Sand jet .
Sandblast .
Saw ; ;
();
~ out ();
circular ~ ;
coping ~ .

142

SAW
Saw off ; .
Sawing (); .
Sawing-out ;
,

, .
Sawn joint -.
Scab ();
( ).
Scabbing ;
.
Scaffolding ; ().
Scale .
Scar ( ).
Scissors .
Scobs .
Scoop ; ; .
Score ; ; .
Scoria ; .
Scorify ; .
Scrap metal .
Scrap of non-ferrous metals
.
Scrap rate .
Scrape ; .
Scraping ;
~ tool .
Scratch ; ;
~ brush ;
~ brushing .
Scratcher ; .
Screw ; ; ; ;
~ clamp ;
~ cutting ;
~ die ;
();

~ down ;
~ drill ;
~ nail ;
~ nut ;
~ plate ;
~ tap ; ;
~ thread ;
~ thread cutting .
Scribe .
Scriber .
Scribing ; .
Scroll saw .
Scull ; .
Scull formation ;
.
Scum ; ;
~ riser .
Seam ; ;
~hair .
Seamless ;
.
Seamless-rolled .
Seasoning .
Secondary alloy
.
Section ; ;
angle ~ ;
channel ~ ;
unfinished ~ .
Segregate .
Segregation ; .
Self-healing
(: , ).
Semifeed .
Semifinished rolled products .
Semimanufactured .
Semi-precious stones .

143

SET
Set 1. , ;
; ; 2. ; 3. , ;
~ right ;
nail ~ ; .
Set in jewels ,
.
Set-in .
Setting ; .
Setting 1. ; ; 2. ;
channel ~ ;
invisible ~
.
Setting-in ; .
Shaker ; ;
.
Shank ,
, .
Shape ; .
Shaping up (
).
Shears .
Sheet (); ;
sticking ~ (, ).
Shell ( ); ; .
Shelly .
Sherardization .
Shift ( ).
Shop ; ;
blacksmiths ~ ;
forging ~ ;
hardening ~ ;
smiths ~ .
Short .
Short-brittle .
Shortness ;

hot ~ ;
red ~ .
Short-run csting .
Short-runs .
Shotting .
Shrink hole .
Shrinkage ; .
Shrinkage depression .
Shrinkage pipe .
Shrinkage porosity
.
Shrinker ().
Shrinking
; ;
resistant to ~ .
Shrinkproof .
Shrink-resistant .
Side strain .
Sidecutter .
Side-cutting pliers ; -; ; -.
Silt .
Silver ; ;
German ~ ;
nickel ~ ;
silver-bearing ~;
silvering ~ ;
;
silver-plate ~ ;
;
silver-plating ~ ;
.
Single lap .
Skellering ( ).
Skelp .
Sketching .
Skew rolling mill -.
Skid .

144

SKI
Skimmer (
).
Skin ; ().
Slab ;
~ mill .
Slabber .
Slabbing mill .
Slag ; .
Slag inclusion .
Slag-forming constituent .
Slagging ;
.
Sliding caliper .
Sliver .
Slivers (
); (
).
Slot .
Slug (
).
Smelt ; ;
; ; ;
.
Smelter .
Smelting ; ;
~ industry ;
~ rate .
Smiths shop .
Smithy .
Smock .
Smooth ; ;
~ finish ; .
Smoothing .
Snap flask .
Snips .
Soak ;
(
).
Soften .

Solder ;
( ).
Solder ; ,


;
~ joint ;
~ sealing .
Soldered joint (
); .
Soldering ;
-.
Soldier (

).
Solid phase .
Solid solubility
.
Solidification rate
.
Solidus .
Solubility .
Sow (
).
Space lattice
.
Spatter ; (.
) ( ).
Spatula .
Specific amount of metal per
structure .
Specific consumption of metal .
Specific elongation
.
Specific quantity of metal
.

145

SPE
Specific quantity of metal per
structure .
Speed of solidification
.
Speiss .
Spiegel .
Spiegeleisen .
Spill ; .
Spinning .
Spitting ; ( ); .
Splash ().
Split pattern .
Spongy top .
Spotfacing ; .
Sprue .
Sprue cup .
Squeeze ; ;
~ mold -.
Squeezing (
).
Staking-on (
).
Stalk ( ).
Stamp ; ; ;
punch ~ .
Stamp (in metal)
.
Stamping ; .
Stamping ;

( ).
State of stress
.
Stick ( ).
Sticking ( );

~ sheet (, ).
Stirring .
Stock ;
roll ~ ;
rolled ~ ;
semifinished rolled ~ .
Stool ; .
Stop mark ().
Straighten ; .
Straightening ; .
Strain hardening .
Stress ;
~ condition
;
~ relief ;
~ relief annealing
;
~ relieving .
Stretch ;
( );
~ forming ; .
Stretchability ;
.
Stretching ;
( );
~ rolls .
Striation ;
( ).
Strickle .
Striker ; ().
String .
Strip .
Strip-coiling apparatus .
Stripper .
Stripping plate .
Stroke ().
Structural constituent
.
Structure .

146

STU
Stud ; .
Suction casting
.
Suitability for forging .
Superheat .
Superheating .
Supple ; .
Suppleness ; .
Surface defect .
Surface finish ;
.
Suspension loop ;
.
Swage ( ); ; ( ); (
); ; ;
( ); ( ).
Swaging (
);
(); .
Sweeten
( ).
Tagging (
).
Tailoring (, ).
Talc ; ().
Tandem rolling - (

).
Tap ; ();
().
Taper ().
Taper flask .
Taphole .
Tappet .
Tapping ; ().
Tap-to-tap time .

Tarnish ().
Tarnishing ().
Tear ;
( );
hot ~ (
).
Teem ; .
Teeming ;
~ lap ; .
Temper ; .
Temperature .
Tempering .
Template machining .
Thermal ; ;
~ aging ;
~ overload ;
~ probe ;
~ processing .
Thermocouple ;
.
Thermostatically controlled
chamber .
Thermoswitch .
Thickness gage ; ; .
Thread-cutting .
Tongs ;
gripping ~ ;
round-nosed ~ .
Tool ;
~ carrier ;
;
cutting ~ ;
dot-raising ~ ;
;
engravers hand ~ ;
engraving ~ ;
flattening ~ ;
knife ~ ;
knurl ~ ();

147

TOP
knurling ~ ();
scraping ~ ;
single-point ~ ;
single-point cutting ~ .
Top gate
.
Toughness .
Transfer table .
Transformation stress
.
Transformation temperature
.
Treat under vacuum
( ).
Trim ; ;
( ).
Trimming .
Twisting (
).
Two-high reversing blooming
mill -.
Ultimate strength in alloy
.
Ultrasonic wave .
Unbend ;
( );
.
Unbender unit .
Uncoiling unit .
Underfill -.
Underfilling ().
Unevenness (); .
Unfinished ;
.
Ungrease .
Unit elongation
.
Unit-cast .
Unoil .

Unscrambler -;
-.
Unshrinkability .
Unshrinkable .
Unsolder ( ); .
Unsplit pattern .
Unwinder .
Upper die .
Upset ; .
Upsetting ; .
Vacuum ; .
Vacuum casting ;
.
Vacuum chamber -.
Vacuum degassing .
Vacuum furnace .
Vacuum molding -; -.
Vacuum treatment .
Valency .
Veining .
Vent .
Vent wire (
).
Verdigris ( ).
Vertical-plunger cold chamber die casting
machine

- .
Vibrating table .
Vibration .
Vibration compaction ; .
Vibrator .
Viscosity .
Viscous-flow .

148

VOI
Void ; ;
~ ratio ;
~ volume .
Voidage .
Volume ; ;
fractional void ~
();
pore ~ ;
void ~ .
Volume shrinkage .
Wad .
Warming .
Warping .
Waste ;
~ iron ;
~ metal ; .
Waster .
Wastes .
Water jacket ().
Waviness (
).
Wax ; .
Weak sand .
Wear .
Wear resistance .
Web ().
Wedging (
).
Weigher .
Weighing .
Weight percentage .
Welt ; .

Wetting .
Whet ;
().
Whirling runner .
Wing ().
Wiper (
).
Wire ; ;
~ cutters ;
~ edge ;
~ nippers ;
vent ~ (

).
Workability ;
().
Wrap (
).
Wrapper (
).
Wrapping (
).
Wrinkle ; ;
fracture along ~ ().
Yield point ,
.
Yield stress ,
.
Zone of equiaxial crystals
.
Zone segregation .

2
-

- trimming die.
abrasive matrial,
grinding material, grinding
matrial, bradant, brasive.
abrasiveability,
abrasiveness.
abrasive resistance.
absorber.
absorption.
absorption.
automatic welding.
accumulation.
allotriomorphic.

allotropic transformation.
allotropy.
alpha.
- alpha bronze.
- alpha brass.
- alpha decay.
- alpha alloy.
wear and tear.
charm.
chemical
analysis.
anodic treatment,
anode process, anodic oxidation,
anodic oxide coating, anodic
process, electrolitic oxidation.
metallographic specimen.
asbestos.
air.

oxidizing atmosphere.
atmosphere riser.
affinage.
( ) sledge hammer.
free from defects.
accident-free.
dimensional
stability, resistant to shrinking.
- rubber solvent.
acidless.
achromatic.
- beta brass.
dual metal.
lead-copper matte.
- block diagram.
locking device,
plugging-up device.
mill blooming.
- two-high
reversing blooming mill.
- (
) mill blooming-slabbing.
side-cutting pliers.
abrupt translatory wave, eagre.
dental drill.
drift hammer, hollow punch,
knockout rod, mandrel plug,
nail set.
rejected casting,
off-cast; waster.

150


bracelet;
~ bangle;
~ strap bracelet;
~ curb bracelet;
~ bracelet watch;
~ charm bracelet;
~, link
bracelet;
~ ankle bracelet.
key ring.
()cut
diamond.
( )
goldlacquering.
brooch; clip;
~ bow brooch;
~ bouquet brooch;
~- pendant brooch;
~ brooch Sevigne.
() file arm.
() splash.
pin;
~ tie pin;
borax.
(
) bush hammer.
cupola furnace.

cold-blast cupola.
negative pressure;
vacuum, vacuum environment,
air void, reduced pressure.
vacuum treatment.
- vacuum chamber.
- vacuum ladle.
- vacuum pump.
airvoid.
- vacuum pump.
- vacuum molding.
valency.

roll milling, forge

rolling (
).
stretching rolls.
mill operator.
front hearth of a shaft furnace.
pressing in.
crude lead, lead bullion.
weigher.
agent.
balance measurement.
vibrator.
vibrating table.
vibration.
vibration exciter.
consolidation
by vibration.
screw tap; thread-cutting die.
- foot screw.
leaded light.
moisture barrier
property.
handling mark.
abrupt.
internal defect.
action.
ultrasonic wave.
drawing die, draw plate,
draw ring, ring draw, reducing die.
die box, die stand.
finecrack, fissure hairline,
hair-crack, seamhair.
black oxide treatment,
chemical black, blueing.
sprue cup.
deoxidizing agent,
reductant.
reduction.
() solder in.
absorb.

151


alloy.
across.
casting time.
by hand.
boiling.

ascension of inclusion.
( )inset.
re-mental
alloy, secondary alloy.
( )
plate out.
roll out.
strongy enamel.
hammer out.
()
planing down.
knockout rod.
file out, saw out.
melt out.
air drain.
( )
air drain, gas vent.
level down.
drilling out.
knockout pin.
draw down; draw
out; roll out.
stretch forming;
cogging back.
colour fading.
hammer out.
toughness, viscosity.
clearance limit.
gas evolution.
vent.
gas evolution.
gas washer.
screw nut.

tumble polishing.

electrochemicalfacing.
electrolytic
metallurgy.
type alloy; type-metal alloy.
bending process.
oil-actuated press.
waterabsorbing quality.
cupped blank.
balance weight.
flattening tool.
lead monoxide, lead oxide.
foundry loam.
china clay.
clay bond.
single lap.
solution annealing.
burner.
(
) hot tear.
combustion.
engraving tool.
(
) line engraving upon glass.
e
engraving for niello work.
colour print.
copperplate engraving.
grain boundary.
granulation.
load-handling
device.
centrifugal sand mixer.
dendrite
structure.
tool carrier.

152


abnormality; defect;
~ surface defect;
~ casting defect.
deformation.
be distorted.
equilibrium
diagram.
constitutional
diagram; phase equilibrium diagram.
dissociation.
diffusion.
agent; additive agent;
additive compound; ddition.
smooth finish.
metering device.
weighing.
atomic fraction.
scrap rate.
blast furnace.
aftertreatment;
afterpurification.
allowance; tolerable limit.
acceptable.
fine feed.
shot blasting.
( ) vent wire.
acrid.
refractory quality;
ability withstand heat; heat fastness;
heat resistance; high-temperature
strength; resistance to heat.
heat resistance.
fire resistance.
fire resistant.
e yellow brittleness.
iron chill.
casting characteristic.
handling mark.

screw down.
blind plug.
bilet; blank part;
metal block; work part.
dirt accumulation.
pollution density.
clip.
hardening capacity.
hardening; heat
hardening; heat treatment;
quenching; quench hardening.
hardening shop.
fasten by (with) rivets.
scull formation.
hair-clip.
:
~ invisible setting, pave;
() ~ collet;
~ claw.
molding plane.
blind riser.
fin.
casting; insert molding.
- ()
hook lock.
- ()
clamp-fixing lock.
freezing
of a furnace.
solder sealing.
seal in (into).
patch piece.
cuff-link; stud.
chipping mark.
e freezing.
grinding finish.
crystal inoculating;
dummy ingot ( ).
c lasp.

153


wire edge; fin.
grasping jaws; gripping device.
( ) scraping bright.
trimming.
lock with dowels.
( ) lever hatch.
( ) sand mixer.
broaching bit.
(
) drilling core.
bath level.
grain.
gold grain.
clad with gold.
gold mining.
combustion zone.

zone of equiaxial crystals.
acicularity.
mo(u)ld; casting mold;
foundry mold; ingot mould; mold pan.
fracture; point of inflection.
finely divided.
wear.
resistant to wear.
abrasion resistance;
wear resistance; resistance to wear.

austempering.
instruction book.
e crystallization
interval; freezing range.
bend test.
abradability.
piping effect.
calender roll.
molding plane.

calibrating device.
- gaging ring.
stone milling.
tilting device.
kaolinite clay.
safety hook; snap hook.
black carbon.
plain mount.
burred mount.
claw mount.
rolled wire.
surface finish.
quartz.
high-silica sand.
quartzite.
( )
center mark; center pick.
boiling.
fire-brick.
acid-fast; acidproof.
resistance to acids.
acid.
acidity.
acidic.
acid-resistance; acidresisting; acid-resistive; acid-tolerant.
acid resistance.
acidic.
lump hammer; wooden
hammer.
bending tongs.
crucible tongs.
screw(ing) die; screw plate.
forgeability.
ladle man.
buildup.
block mo(u)ld; casting mold;
chill form; chill mold; foundry
mold; gravity die; iron mold; metal
mold; ingot chill; iron chill.

154


skip load.
furnace throat; furnace top.
necklace.
ring;
~ widow ring;
~ devorse ring;
~ wedding ring;
~ memorial ring;
~ signet ring;
~
eternity ring.
compressor.
quality control.
female die.
guide plate.
machine to a template.
smoke black.
entrapped cold shot.

coefficient of linear expansion.
hotbrittleness;
hot shortness; red brittleness;
red shortness.
scratch brush(ing).
bonding agent.
attachment device.
cross.
heating curve.
twinned
crystal; crystal twin.
crystal seed.

mixed crystal.
casting mold;
ingot-forming equipment.
columnar
crystal.
iron ball.
round pliers; roundnose pliers; round-nosed tongs.

handsledge; lump hammer;

sledge hammer.
forging shop.
blacksmiths
shop; smiths shop.
copper-nickel.
cut pliers;cuttingpliers;
wire cutters.
- side-cutting pliers.
- flatnose
cutting pliers.
brass.
alloy;alloyaddition;
alloying.
alloyed.
alloyability.
addition alloy;alloying composition; foundryalloy; master alloy.
liquation; segregation;
~ dendritic
segregation; microsegregation;
~ zone segregation;
~ inverse segregation.
liquidus curve;liquidus;
liquidus line.
linoleum block.
holddown clamp.
casting shop.
foundry man.
gate flow; pouring gate; gate
runner; gateing system; git; ingate; runner.
cast process; castproduct;
founding; casting;
~ ()
sand casting;
~ vacuum casting;
~ suction
casting; vacuum casting;
~
wax casting;

155


~ pressurecasting;
pressure-die casting;
~ jewellery casting;
~ precision casting;
~ centrifugal casting.
coping saw; scroll saw.
( ) guide pin.
metal junk.
bought scrap.
scrap
of non-ferrous metals.
magnifying glass.
collar plate.
jewellers(shop).
open-hearth furnace.
- double contraction
pattern; master die model.
- master punch.
- master die; offset die.
moulding
material.
dull polishing;
mat finishing.
flat down.
die block; bed die;
bottom die; counter die; female
core; fixed die; negative mold;
~ metallic matrix.
die box; die
carrier; die holder; die plate.

direct pressure hotchamber die-casting machine.



- verticalplunger cold chamber die casting
machine.

cold
chamber die-casting machine.
medallion, locket.
copper.
chalk.
(: ) fine granulation.
german silver.
knife tool.
metal.
- emergency metal.
adaptive
metallurgy; physical metallurgy.
specific
amount of metal (per structure);
specific quantity of metal.
scrap metal; waste metal.
metal discard.
spiral wrap hose.
- host metal.
- metal binder.
smelting industry.
non-ferrous metals.

investment
casting technique.
screw tap; scribeawl;
tap borer; tap drill.
microscopic pore.
trace contaminant.
;
bonding process.
microhardness.
haircrak.
holding furnace.
flat bar; mill bar; muck iron.
(
) continuous casting
machine; continuous caster.

156


pattern.
- master pattern.
hammerscale;
hammer slag.
handhammer.
- brick hammer;
bricklayers hammer.
- handhammer.
crystal single.
( )
rough block of stone.
teeming lap.
coiling machine.
chamotte powder.
ingot mold; charging box;
charging pan.
cloth working;
strain hardening.
key bolt; spiked iron.
pumping under pressure.
pump feed under pressure.
heating.
running hot.
heat up.
collar mark.
( )
incomplete cut.
shrinkage crank.
file broach; fileneedle;
file needle-point.
emery cloth; polishing stone.
() knurl(ing) tool.
( ) roll forming.
atch piece.
( ) strain hardening.
(
) cold work; coldwork hardening; work hardening.

- file rough-cut;
file coarse; file rough.
- file riffling.
filling agent.
guidebearing;
guide plate.
stress;
~ internal stress;
~ casting stresses;
~ residual stresses;
~ transformation stresses.
scull formation.
accretion; buildup.
carbonpick-up;
carburizing.
unfinished section.
short-run casting.
nickel silver.

non-metallic inclusions.

heterogeneous material.
casting leakage.
unsplit pattern.
fire resistance.
poor fusion.
flaw discontinuity.
pair of scissors.
(
) rough finish.
(
) rough cut.
degreasing agent.
fat extraction.
( )
general foreman.
burning; calcinations.
( )
break down.
( ) setting punch.

157


( )
swaging hammer.
flash; welding burr.
flash recess.
equipment; facilities.
sample.
- (
) check test piece.

shrinking.
cutoff piece; ends crop.

volume shrinkage.
fire resistance;
flame resistance.
refractory; refractory
material.
fire resistance;
refractoriness; refractory property.
set a limit.
arresting device.
necklace;
~ collar
necklace.
fire scale; oxide scale; scale.
descaling mill.
resistance
to scaling.
oxidation.
oxidant; oxidizing agent.
acidify; acidulate.
oxide.
chemical black.
forward slip.
saw off.
box form; casting box; flask
mold; molding box; molding frame.
flask.

burred mount.

plain mount.
flaring tool.
be mounted in.
set right.
let down.
decorative pattern.
base of an alloy.
alkali.
cutting pliers; nipper
pliers; pair of nippers; wire nippers.
cool down.
bleaching process;
etching blanching.
bleaching agent.
e solidifying agent.
foundry.
air drain.
annealing;
~ hightemperature annealing;
~
stress relief annealing.
burn off.
; ; cutting off.
open riser.
casting; founding.
gravity-die casting.
chill casting.
(. )
foundry goods.
highquality casting.
wash off.

unit elongation.
saw off.
abatement; letting
down; temper(ing).

158


back draw; let down.
peel off.
(
) backward slip.
wastes.
chill down; cool down.
chill mold.
chilling effect; cooling.
development
off brittleness.
abstergent; blasting agent.
cleaning; refining;
~ fettling a casting.
- fagoting press.
across.
pair of pliers.
metal hardening.
()
workholding device.
(
) star mark.
soldering bit; soldering
copper; soldering iron.
overheating;
teeming overload.
process stage.
() fire mark.
select deal.
( ) cross joint.
agitation;mixing;
stirring.
melting down.
melt down.
() stop mark.
peritectic.
finger-ring.
air-sand blower.
air-sand.
signet ring.
vacuum furnace.

high-frequency induction furnace.

cope-type induction furnace.
foundry furnace.
electric resistance
furnace; direct resistance furnace.

coreless induction furnace.
- holding furnace.
cold saw.
- pilgermill;skew
rolling mill.
pair of forceps; pair of tweezers.
pettling a casting.
feeding asting.
ingate; gate runner
().
melting pot.
melter.
bring down.
melting; melting process.
fusion.
(
) level off.

plasticity of moulding sand.
platinum plating.
threading die.
handstock.
protection film.
oxide film.
side-cutting pliers.
flat pliers; gripping
tongs; flat-nose pliers.
-
side-cutting pliers.
forging upset.
fracture surface.
absorber.

159


()bottom
swage.
cheese; drain pan; drip plate.
semifinished rolled stock.
anvil pillar.
cheese.
( )
cushion fill.
( )
screw draw.
gold plate; plating of gold.
forging blank; forged piece.
coating.
polishing pad.
( ) reed stripe.
make into bars.
() bring down.
size across.
() reed mark; gas bubble.
() fracture along wrinkle.
pinhole ration; pore
volume; porosity; void content;
~ shrinkage porosity;
~ fractional void volume.
casting flaws.
pore formation.
cellulating agent.
silvering silver;
silver-plating silver.
silver-plate silver.
fusionzone
in a cupola.
() fatten out; file out.
fatigue strength.
yieldpoint;
yield stress.
yieldpoint;
yield stress.
protectiondevice;
safety device.

- die casting.
compression molding;
press forming; pressure molding.
- molding die; die
mold; injection die; press mold;
pressure casting die; squeeze mold.
() riser; gate end;
head metal; hot top; lost head.
drive gear; drive
mechanism.
bern fast.
blank holder.
hold down.
rivet on.
hold down.
be adjacent.
addition; additionagent;
extraneous matter;
~ detrimental impurity.
solder(ing) alloy.
rough tolerance;upper
allowance.
parting powder; parting dust;
parting compound; parting dust.
addendum; additionagent;
additive compound.
accessory.
abrading tool.
scraping off.
cutting puch; drift
hammer; mandrel plug; punch pin.
guide plate.
() screw(ing)
die; threading die .
programming device.
() guide scratch.

heating time.

tap-to-tap time.

160

casting time.
output rate.
hardness
penetration.
mill product; roll stock;
rolled metal; rolling mill products.
rolling ability.
double contraction
pattern; master pattern.
- master pattern.
wash off.
smelting rate.
(
) smelting rate.

space lattice.
broaching work.
broaching pass.
design of
construction lines; forming to shape.
weight percentage.

reduction process.
fatigue
strength.
broaching pass.
hold spring.
clasp.
cutting puch; male core;
male die; punch pin; top ram.
punch holder.
- hydrogen blister.
void ratio.
charcoal dust.
phase equilibrium.
flaring block; rolling out.
rolling out.
roll out.
broaching bit; rose reamer.

flame erosion.
decoiling machine;
payoff reel; recoiling reel.
negative pressure;
reduced pressure.
drying crak.

aeration of moulding sand.
letting down.
abrupture.
split pattern.
blister.
contraction cavity.
white nickel.
breakdown bar; cogged ingot.
flaring tool.
roll out.
deoxidation.
deoxidizing agent;
reducing constituent; reduction alloy.
drive out.
hammering out.
fused bath; liquid
melt; melt; smelt.
meltingdown;
smelting down.
melt down.
battereven;
hammer out.
peel off.
solubility;
~ solid
solubility.
solubilizing agent.
drawing ability.
charge calculation.

cubic(al) dilatation.
flash tank.
refining.

161


file rasp; file rasping.
apply control action.
cutting action.
end bit; cutting bit;
cutting tool; single-point
cutting tool.
compounded rubber.
abrupt.
tool carrier.
screw thread.
screw cutting;
screw thread cutting; thread deal
indicator; thread forming.
screw
thread milling.
channel setting.
remedial action.
dot-raising tool.
beam head; longitudinal
beam; collar beam.
- reeling mill.
- refining mill.
batter even.
- forging robot.
- press robot.
rhodium plating.
mill table; roll table;
roller bed; roller path.
first matte; raw matte.
() oreing down.
() ore down.
by hand.
(
) river line.
smoke black.
hardeningair;air
hardening.
spontaneous annealing.
native metal.
bolt together.

bolted moulding
box; built-up moulding box.
(,
) sticking sheet.
drilling operation;
drilling work.
drilling tool;screwdrill;
drilling bit.
bolt together.
arch.
casting properties.
ability.
binding agent.
link up.
level down.
silvering silver.
silver-plate silver.
silver-bearing
silver.
earrings;
~ drop-like earrings;
~ round earrings;
~ pendant earrings;
~ padlock-shaped
earrings.
- earclips.
C warning device.
blue shortness.
top gate.
gating system.

drop gate.
( )
openwork filigree work.
superimposed
filigree work.
(
) ladle scull.
teeming lap.
( ) bootleg mark.

162


rivet together.
angle clip.
e solidification
rate; speed of solidification.
rate of cooling.
metal junk; salvage
metal; waste metal.
gas washer.
()
run off.
ingot.
slab mill; slabbing mill.
enamel blue.
wetting.
centrifugal sand mixer.
mixture.

loam sand.
chamottesand;
compo.
agitation.
pitch.
stress relief.
link up.
solidus line.
be in contact.
composition;
~ chemical composition.
stress
condition.
equilibrium
state.
( )coldlap;
lap cloth.
solder joint.
caking quality;
sintering ability.
refining foam.
alloy; composite metal;
~ binary alloy;

~ hypoeutectic
alloy;
~ hypereutectic
alloy;
~ hypereutectoid
alloy;
~ casting alloy;
~ high-melting-point
alloy;
~ non-ferrous alloy;
~ eutectic alloy;
~ eutectoid alloy.
artificial
ageing.
age.
batch bin.
- cooling bed.
bed plate.
plainbumper,
plain jolter.
locking device; safety hook.
sprue.
bolt clamp; binding
clamp; screw clamp.
cuttings pit.
structure.
as-cast structure.
artificial gold leaf.
artificial gold leaf.
flat bar.
gripping device.
taper flask.
talc.
grow hard.
hardness measuring
instrument; hardness tester.
hardness number.
temperature;
~ combustion temperature;
~ pouring temperature;

163


~ freezingpoint;
freezing temperature;
~ boiling temperature;
~ crystallization
point;
~ liquidus temperature;
~ fusionpoint;fusion
temperature;melting point;
~ transformation
temperature.
high-temperature
strength; resistance to heat.
fusionheat;
melting heat.
calorific
value; heating value.
teeming probe.
heat treatment;
teeming processing.
thermocouple; heating
element;thermocouple element.
temperature
control.
temperature control device.
heataging;teeming
aging.
temperature control device.
temperature
control.
heat resistance;
spalling behaviour.
thermocouple; heating
element; thermoelectric device.
crucible; melting pot.
bolt clamp.
ase depth.
finely ground.
engravers hand tool.
lathe work; grinding wheel.
critical point.

peritectic point.
eutectoid point.
weak sand.
pickling agent.
pickling.
() etching process.
fissure
formation; flaw formation.
abrasion-proof.
working hours.
(, )
magnifying power.
burning loss; burn-off loss;
melting loss.
angle element; angle section.
charcoal.
specific
consumption of metal.
down drawing.

specific elongation.
( )
expansion scab.
forging reduction ratio.
down draw; draw down.
shrinkage.

pattern makers contraction.
e
freezing shrinkage.
quality
specification.
fatigue
of material.
shrinkage loss.
blink; shrinkage depression.
()
pulling down.
casting shop.
dot-raising tool.

164


solid phase.
bessemer matte;
converter matte.
fermoir (fr.).
etch figures.
retention pin.
die hole; draw ring; drawing
nozzle; expansion nozzle; forming
bushing; filament extrusion device.

filter and matte holder.

flux; fluxing material;
fusing agent;
~ covering flux.
foundry mould.
gravitydie;
metal mould.
- unit die.
forming.
loam moulding.
mixer preliminary refining.
milling tool.
mill operation.
millingmachine operator.
- reamer mill.
chemical resistance.
cold brittleness.
cooling bed.
brittleness; embrittlement;
shortness.
crystal ware.
art casting.
- pattern designer.
floral motifs.
( )
electrolytic precipitation.
crystal nucleus.
spinning.
hain;
~ string hain;

~ shake hain;
~
fox tail hain;
~
armour hain.
cyanidecarburizing;
cyanide case hardening;cyanide
leaching.
circular saw.
particle.
pouring basin.
pig extractor.
caulking chisel.
scribe awl.
scraping tool.
chamotte; chamotte refractory;
~ chamotte powder.
eye joint; pivot
joint; link articulating.
chatelaine.
channel section.
suspension loop.
shank.
burden material; burden;
charge material; fusion mixture.
charge calculation.
drawer-type
drying stove.
abrasive cloth; abrasive
paper; finishing paper; emery paper.
ash bottom; slag.
slag pocket; slag riser.
slag formation.
slag riser.
transfer mechanism.
metallographic sample;
metallographic section.
abrasion; grinding
work; smooth finish; emery off.
mirror iron; spiegel iron.

165


hairpin.
lock pin; splint pin.
lock with a cotter pin.
concentrated matte.
die block; flaring block.
- compound die.
die forming; impact
molding; press forming.
- forging upset.
die holder.
fix by pins.
strip material.
bolt screw; screw nail.
alkali.
eutectic;
~ binary eutectic.
- rapid analysis.
drawing ability.

electrochemical reduction.

electric drill.
electric induction.

electrochemical oxidation.
electrolytic cleaning.
()
electric brazing.
electric furnace;
electrically heated furnace.
electricarc
furnace.
electric melting.

electrolytic polishing.
electrolytic
refining.
electric air welding.
structural
constituent.
calibrating device.


............................................................................................................

1. - .........................................

2. - ................................. 73

1. - ........................................................................ 104
2. - ................................................................. 150