11/9/15

Keywords:
Ideology

WasthererealypeaceafterWorldWarTwo?

Learning Objectives:
To describe the differences between capitalism
and communism.
To explain what happened at the Postdam
conference.

Do Now:
How would you
summarise
Communism?

What is a Cold War?

A cold war is when there is everything except

direct fighting.
Spying
Propaganda

Arms and Space Race

Loans and aid

Why were they superpowers?

No longer many great powers in the world

Poor

Defeated

Defeated

Poor

&
Both wanted to be the most powerful nation in the world

Chocolate Capitalism

One person has this

The rest have crumbs

Chocolate Communism

Ideological differences.
The left

The right

Capitalism =
Communism =
All factors of production (industry, business and
agriculture) are owned by the state for the
good of everyone.

All factors of production (industry,

business and agriculture) are owned
by private individuals or firms who
run them for their own profit.

Using the sheet, add the correct statements to

the different sections

Its government was

chosen in free
democratic
elections.

Thestate owned all

industry.

It was a one-party
dictatorship.
Elections were held,
but all candidates
belonged to the
Communist Party.

Business and
property were
privately owned.

Being free of control

by the government
was more important
than everyone being
equal.

The rights of
individuals were
seen as less
important than
society. So
individualslives were
tightly controlled.

Describe how ideological differences

increased rivalry between the USA
and the USSR in the years after
1945 (4 marks)
To gain full marks. Describe two ways in which

they were different.

Firstly, ideological differences increased

rivalry because
Secondly...

Example answer.
Ideological differences increased rivalry between
the USA and the USSR because they believed in
totally different political systems. The USA believed
in a democratic system of government with free
elections. The USSR believed in a one party state
with the country was controlled by the Communist
Party with no free elections. Economic ideological
differences also worsened relations with the USA
supporting a capitalist economy with privately
owned businesses and the USSR believing in a
planned economy in which the government owned
all businesses.

We should make as many

products as we can and sell
them for profits

There should be one political

party

Freedom and opportunity for

all

People should be free to start

their own businesses and
make profit

There should be a variety of

political parties for people to
choose between

Everyone must work for the

state

We should only make as many

products as we need

We will enforce strict

censorship- no one should
criticise the state

We believe in people having

freedom of speech on political
matters

Possible questions
Describe what was agreed at
the Yalta Conference
OR
Describe what was agreed at
the Postdam conference.

Yalta Conference Feb 1945

Churchil
l

Rooseve
lt

Stalin

What was agreed?

It was to be split into four zones of

occupation the Big Three plus France.

Germany would also have to pay
reparations.
In Eastern Europe countries were to be
allowed to hold free elections.
The USSR was to join the war against Japan
three months after Germanys defeat.
A United Nations Organization was to be
set up.
The Soviet Union could have a Soviet
sphere of influence.

Whats changed?

Churchil
l

Truman

Stalin

Whats changed now?

Atlee

Truman

Stalin

The Potsdam conference

Atlee
Churchill
Great Britain

Truman
Roosevelt
USA

Stalin
USSR

In July and August 1945, the Big Three met again.

However, the Big Three changed. And now there was
distrust
Roosevelt died, and was replaced by Truman. Truman felt
Roosevelt had been too soft on the communist USSR.
During the Potsdam Conference Churchill lost a general
election and was replaced by Atlee.

Who said what?

Read through the statements below and
label each statement Truman or Stalin.
1. We have been invaded twice, we need to make

sure we are protected.

2. We need lots of money back from Germany we
lost.
3. We need to make sure Germany doesnt grow
strong again.
4. We need to make sure that Germany doesnt
become Communist.

What was agreed at Potsdam?

In Germany details of the zones of occupation

were finalised.
The Nazi Party was to be banned and its
leaders tried as war criminals.
For reparations each power was to collect
industrial equipment from its zone. Since its
zone was mainly agricultural, the USSR was to
receive additional reparations from the other
zones.

Who would be happy?

At the Yalta Conference, if you remember rightly,

Stalin had promised to enter the war against Japan

on the side of the Americans. He had taken far too
long, and didnt actually keep to his promise.
Truman had told Churchill at the Yalta conference
that he was planning to use the atom bombs on
Japan.
Stalin knew that the USA had nuclear weapons, but
hadnt been told of this plan.
Between the first atom bomb being dropped on
Hiroshima on August 6th, and the other on Nagasaki
on August 9th, Stalin joined the war against Japan on
8th. Thanks a lot for your help!
Q:
What effect do you think the dropping of the atomic bomb on
Japan had on the relationship between the USSR and the