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UnderstandingSounding,Ullage,andFrequencyofSounding

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UnderstandingSounding,Ullage,andFrequencyofSound
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NOVEMBER7,2010BYKARANC

Ifyouhaveworkedonship,youmusthavecomeacrossthetermssoundingandullage,whichofte

tendtoconfusepeople.Inthisarticle,wewilllearnastowhatthedifferencebetweensoundingan
ullageis,andwhatistheimportanceofeachoneofthem?

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BothSoundingandullagecanbeeasilyunderstoodwiththehelpoffollowingdiagrams:

Soundingisthemeasuredheightofthefluidfromthesurfaceofthefluidtothebottomofthetank.

Ullageisthevoidspaceinthetankmeasuredfromthetopofthetanktotheuppersurfaceofthef

Ullageismeasuredwhenthecontentofatankishighlyviscousandifthetankisfilledtothemaxim

Soundingpipeisconstructedinthetank.Thesepipesprotrudeslightlyabovefromthetopoftheta
thatsoundingcanbetakensafelyandeasilywithoutopeninganymanholedoor.Theyevenhave
protectingcapsatthetopwhichcanbeopenedatthetimeofsounding.

Thesoundingpipeisopenfromthebottomwhichallowstheliquidfillingupthepipeandfacilitating
havethesamelevelasofthetank.

Aftermeasuringsoundingorullage,itiscomparedinthesoundingbooktoknowthevolumetricqu
ofthetank.Thus,soundingofthepipebecomessoundingofthetank.
Toavoidpressurizingoftanks,whichcangiveawrongreadinginthesoundingpipeandtoavoid

distortionofbulkheadsoftank,aventpipeisprovidedwhichreleasestheairandvaporsinsidethe

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Frequency

Soundingfrequencyonashipdiffersfromcompanytocompanyandaccordingtotheworkingpolic

thenatureofoperationsgoingonboard.Abriefnoteasperthegeneralprocedurefollowedonship
givenbelow:

1)AllFueloiltankslubeoiltanksanddieseloiltanksmustbesoundedtwiceaday,onceinmornin

onceinevening,andrecordedintheeventofleakoranyotheremergencyrelatedtooilcontentof
tanks.
2)Allwastewatertanksincludingbilgeandsludgetankmustbesoundedtwiceaday.
3)Ballastwatertankandfreshwatertanksshouldbesoundedonceaday.

4)Asbunkeringoperationisoneofthemostcriticaloperations,thefrequencyofoperationdrastica

increasesattheinitialandfinalstagesoftheoperation(every15minutes)tochecktheinflowofoi
correcttankatinitialstageandtoavoidoverflowofoilduringfinalstageofoperation.

5)Whenwastewaterofshipisinternallytransferred,dischargedoverboardthrough15ppmequipm
orgiventotheshorefacility,soundingistobetakentwiceorthriceeveryhour.

6)Whenballastingordeballastingofthetankisgoingon,hourlysoundingistobetakenorasdec
bythechiefofficer.

7)Freshwatertanksoundingtobetakendaily.Feedwatertanksintheengineroomaretobesou
ateverywatchtokeepatrackofleakages.

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