Lecture # 1

Civil Engineering Material

Introduction
Instructor:

Team
Civil Engineering Department
FTUI
1

What is Civil Engineering?

Profession of designing and executing structural works that
serve the general public, including:
Buildings bridges, canals, dams, harbors, lighthouses, roads,
tunnels, and
Environmental works (e.g., water supply systems)
The modern field includes
incl des power
po er plants,
plants aircraft and airports,
airports
chemical-processing and water treatment plants, and watertreatment facilities
Civil engineering today involves:
Site investigations and feasibility studies,
Structural design and analysis, construction, and facilities
maintenance.
The design of engineering works requires the application of
design theory from many fields (e.g., hydraulics,
2
thermodynamics, nuclear physics)

What is Civil Engineering?

A branch
b
h off engineering
i
i
th t encompasses the
that
th
conception, design, construction, and management of
residential and commercial buildings and structures,
structures
water supply facilities, and transportation systems for
goods and people, as well as control of the environment
for the maintenance and improvement of the quality of
life.
Civil engineering includes planning and design
professionals in both the public design professionals in
b th the
both
th public
bli andd private
i t sectors,
t
contractors,
t t
b ild
builders,
educators, and researchers. Civil engineering is a
professional
3

What is Civil Engineering?

Engineering discipline that deals with the engineering
discipline that deals with the design and construction of the
physical
h i l and
d natural
t l built
b ilt environment,
i
t including
i l di
works
k
such as bridges, roads, canals, dams and buildings.
Civil engineering is the oldest engineering discipline after
military engineering, and it was defined to distinguish it
from military engineering
Engineering is the application of objective knowledge to
creation of plans, designs and means for achieving desired
objectives.
bj ti
Technology deals with tools and techniques for carrying out
plans.
plans
4

Sub Disciplines of Civil Engg.

Environmental engineering
Geotechnical engineering
Structural engineering
Transportation engineering
Water resources engineering
Materials engineering
Coastal engineering
Surveying
Urban planning
Construction engineering and Management
5

Civil Engineering
g
g Materials Course
Credit Hours 3 ( 2+1)
Semester Weeks 16/18
Evaluation/Grading
Home Assignments (4) 10%
Quiz test (4) unannounced 15%
Midterm test: 25%

S
Semester
t Exam
E
40%
Industrial visit: Visit to a cement factory
6

Books
Text Book
Engineering Materials,
Materials 5th Revised Edition by
Surendra Singh.

Reference Books
Materials of Construction by S. Z. H. Syed yy
Building Materials,
Materials 2nd Edition by S.
S K.
K Duggal,
Duggal
Allahabad, India.
Materials of Construction by R.
R C.
C Smith
Engineering Materials 3rd Revised Edition by R.
K Rajput
K.
Rajput, Patiala,
Patiala Ind
7

Course outline
Cement:
Chemistry, manufacture, properties, tests, types, hydration.

Aggregates:
Coarse and fine aggregate, properties of coarse and fine
aggregate different test to measure different properties of
aggregate,
coarse and fine aggregate.
Introduction to the manufacture,, pproperties,
p
, types
yp and use of
concrete.
Lime, chemistry, manufacture, properties, test, types, Hydration.
Bricks, chemistry, manufacture, properties, tests, types,
applications.
Wood types
Wood,
types, seasoning and preservation techniques,
techniques laminated
materials, gluing and joining techniques.

Grand Coulee Dam

Building Material
Building Material
Materials use for construction of
buildings, highways, bridges, mostly
infrastructure.
Any material which is used for
construction ppurpose
p
is called as
building material.
Natural materials: Unprocessed, raw,
minimally processed.
Synthetic materials
Industrial
I d t i l processing
i
Artificially composed

10

Material Selection
Wood - Lumber,
Plywood, OSB,
Composites
Steel - Shapes, Rebar,
Pipe, Cold-Formed,
Cable
Concrete - Cast,
Precast Grout,
Precast,
Grout
Cellular, Mortar

Asphalt
p
- Hot-mixed,,
Cold-mixed, Composites,
Emulsions, Cutbacks
Aluminum - Shapes,
Pipe, Cold-Formed
Stone and Masonry Clay, Concrete Block,
C t St
Cut-Stone

Details of Syllabus
Stone
Definition
Classification of rocks
Physical and chemical characteristics of good
building stones.
Tests of stones
Quarrying
Q
i andd dressing
d
i off stones
t
Deterioration mechanism of stones

Selection of stones
Preservation of stones
A tifi i l or castt stones
Artificial
t
Natural bed of stone and stone masonry

12

 Bricks

Definition
Classification of bricks
Manufacture of bricks
Comparison of stone and
Brick earth (composition, harmful substances)
Physical and chemical qualities of good bricks
Fire or refractory bricks
Tests done on burnt clayy bricks.
Types of brick masonry bonds
Use of bricks in slabs
13

 Timber

Definition
Classification
Ch
Characteristics
t i ti off hard
h d andd soft
ft
Growth of timber and its structures
Ch
Characteristics
i i off goodd timber.
i b
Tests performed on timber.
Defects in timber and their effects on member
response.
S
Seasoning
i off timber.
i b
Preservation of timber.
Use of timber in construction.
Veneers and plywood.

14

 Paints and Varnishes

Definition
Functions of paints
p
Composition of oil paints.
Preparation of oil paints
Characteristics of good paints
Types of paints
Rheological properties of paints
Defects in painting

15

 Metals
IIntroduction
d i
Composition, properties, uses and manufacture
off fferrous metals
t l used
d in
i civil
i il engineering
i
i
Pig iron, cast iron, wrought iron and steel
Heat
H treatment and
d their
h i effect
ff on steell Heat
H
treatment and their effect on steel properties
Corrosion
C
i andd methods
th d off its
it prevention
ti

16

 Plastics

Definition
Classification of plastics
Properties of plastics .
Manufacturing processes
Use of plastics in building construction

17

 Glass

Introduction
Raw materials
Manufacturing processes of glass.
Types of glass
Properties
p
of gglass
Classification of glass
Uses of glass
g

18

 Miscellaneous materials

Lime
Gypsum
Tiles
Rubber
Asbestos
Paving
g Asphalt,
p
, Bitumen
General description
Composition varieties properties and uses of
bitumen

19

Insulating materials
W
Water
proofing
fi materials
i l
Heat insulating materials
Acoustic materials
Constituents of concrete
General description of cement and phases of cement
clinker production
Composition and manufacture of cement
Properties of Portland cement
Properties
p
of Portland cement
Discussion and properties of concrete constituents

20