Oil Field Data Handbook

TABLE OF CONTENTS
WELD FITTINGS & FLANGES

Welding Fittings and Dimensions .......................................................... 5-7
Flanges .................................................................................................. 8-10
Ring Joint Dimension ........................................................................ 11-15
Lap Joint Stub Ends ............................................................................ 16-17
Ring Joint Flanges - Ring Numbers ........................................................ 18
Pressure-Temperature Ratings ................................................................ 19
Pipeline Nomenclature ........................................................................ 20-21
Tensile Requirements .............................................................................. 22
Tolerances ................................................................................................ 23
Compliance Factor .................................................................................. 24
Limits for Heat ........................................................................................ 25
BOLTING DIMENSIONS
Bolting Dimensions for ANSI Flanges, all Sizes ................................ 27-30
Standard Cast Iron Companion Flanges and Bolts .................................. 31
Extra Heavy Cast Iron Companion Flanges and Bolts ............................ 31
Wafer Butterfly Valve Stud & Capscrew Sizes ........................................ 32
PIPE DATA
Pipe Fitting, Flange & Valve Compatibility Chart .................................. 33
Design Properties and Allowable Working Pressures for Piping ........ 34-35
Commercial Pipe Sizes and Wall Thicknesses .................................. 36-37
ASTM Carbon Steel Pipe and Flange Specifications .............................. 38
Standard Pipe Data .................................................................................. 39
Barlow’s Formula .................................................................................... 39
Pipe and Water Weight Per Line Foot ...................................................... 40
Weight Per Foot of Seamless Brass and Copper Pipe .............................. 40
Heat Losses From Horizontal Bare Steel Pipe ........................................ 41
Total Thermal Expansion of Piping Material in Inches .......................... 41
Carbon Steel Tubing Data .................................................................. 42-43
Copper Tubing Data ................................................................................ 43
Stainless Steel Tubing Data ...................................................................... 44
FACE-TO-FACE-DIMENSIONS
Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Ferrous Valves ............ 45-46
Steel Valves with Ring Joint Flanges ...................................................... 47
Class 125 Cast & 150 Steel ................................................................ 48-49
Class 250 Cast & 300 Steel ................................................................ 50-51
Class 800 Cast & 600 Steel ................................................................ 52-53
Class 900 Steel ........................................................................................ 54
Class 1500 Steel ...................................................................................... 55
Class 2500 Steel ...................................................................................... 56
Wafer Type Valves .................................................................................... 57
Dimensions of Flanged Valves Having Various Flange Facings ............ 58
API-6D Operational & Dimensional Characteristics .............................. 59
Butterfly Valve Dimensions .................................................................... 60
2
STANDARD CONVERSIONS
Hardness Conversion Numbers ................................................................ 61
Hydraulic Conversions ............................................................................ 62
Unit Conversions Temperature ................................................................ 63
Temperature Conversions .................................................................. 64-65
Unit Conversions Flow, Power, Mass, Pressure ...................................... 66
Standard Conversions .............................................................................. 67
Metric Conversions ............................................................................ 68-73
Flow Conversions .............................................................................. 74-75
FORMULAS
Formula Calculations .............................................................................. 77
Formulas ............................................................................................ 78-79
Fluid Power Formulae ..........................................................................80-81
CASING & TUBING & SUCKER RODS
API Flange & Ring Joint Dimensions ................................................ 83-85
API Tubing Table ................................................................................ 86-87
Casing Data ........................................................................................ 88-91
Sucker Rods ...................................................................................... 92-100
PIPE FITTER
How to Cut Odd-Angle Elbows ...................................................... 101-102
Alignment of Pipe .......................................................................... 103-104
Tap & Drill Sizes .................................................................................... 105
Coated Arc Welding Electodes (types or styles) .................................... 106
Physical Properties Values ......................................................................107
Trouble Shooting Arc Welding Equipment .................................... 108-110
Basic Welding Symbols – Arc and Gas Welding .................................... 111
Symbols for Pipefitting ........................................................................ 112-116
MISCELLANEOUS
Material Selection .................................................................................. 117
Electric Motor Specifications .......................................................... 118-119
Wire Selection ................................................................................ 120-121
Pumpjack Engine Specifications Chart .................................................. 122
Temperature Data .................................................................................. 123
Specific Gravity .................................................................................... 124
Metals .................................................................................................... 125
Water .............................................................................................. 126-127
Wire Rope ...................................................................................... 128-132
Hydraulic Troubleshooting ............................................................ 133-134
Common Pipe Clamps .......................................................................... 135
DEFINITIONS & ABBREVIATIONS
Useful Definitions .......................................................................... 137-139
List of Abbreviations ...................................................................... 140-141
SUPPLIERS
Midfield Suppliers .......................................................................... 143-145
3
– NOTICE OF DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY –
Every precaution has been taken to ensure the

accuracy of this data. However, due to the
innumerable calculations and conversions, users are
advised to use discretion. Where extremely detailed
data is required, suppliers or A.P.I. Specifications
should be consulted.
The information contained in this booklet is

provided as a service to assist users. Midfield
Supply Ltd. will not be liable for any damages
resulting from the use or misuse of any information
contained in this booklet. Each user must assume
full responsibility and liability for the use of
information in this booklet.
4
WELDING FITTINGS
CONCENTRIC AND
NOM ECCENTRIC REDUCERS REDUCING OUTLET TEES
PIPE
SIZE H C M
1/4 1
1/2 X 3/8 – 1 1
3/8 1 1/8
3/4 X 1/2
1 1/2 1 1/8 1 1/8
3/8 1 1/2
1X 1/2 2 1 1/2 1 1/2
3/4 1 1/2
1/2 1 7/8
1 1/4 X 3/4 2 1 7/8 1 7/8
1 1 7/8
1/2 2 1/4
3/4 2 1/4
1 1/2 X 1 2 1/2 2 1/4 2 1/4
1 1/4 2 1/4
3/4 1 3/4
1 2
2X 1 1/4 3 2 1/2 2 1/4
1 1/2 2 3/8
1 2 1/4
1 1/4 2 1/2
2 1/2 X 1 1/2 3 1/2 3 2 5/8
2 2 3/4
1 - 2 5/8
1 1/4 2 3/4
3X 1 1/2 3 1/2 3 3/8 2 7/8
2 3
2 1/2 3 1/4
1 1/4 – –
1 1/2 3 1/8
3 1/2 X 2 4 3 3/4 3 1/4
2 1/2 3 1/2
3 3 5/8
1 1/2 3 3/8
2 3 1/2
4X 2 1/2 4 3 3/4
3
4 1/8 3 7/8
3 1/2 4
2 4 1/8
2 1/2 4 1/4
5X 3 5 4 3/8
3 1/2 4 7/8 4 1/2
4 4 5/8
2 1/2 4 3/4
3 4 7/8
3 1/2 5
6X 4
5 1/2 5 5/8 5 1/8
5 5 3/8
3 – 6
3 1/2 6
4 6 6 1/8
8X 5 7 6 3/8
6 6 5/8
4 7 1/4
5 7 7 1/2
10 X 6 8 1/2 7 5/8
8 8
5 8 1/2
6 8 8 5/8
12 X 8 10 9
10 9 1/2
6 9 3/8
8 13 9 1/4
14 X 10 11 10 1/8
12 10 5/8
5
DIMENSIONS
NOM WALL THICKNESS T 90˚ ELBOWS

PIPE OD LONG R SHORT R
SIZE STD. XS 160 XX A A
1/2 .840 .109 .147 – – 1 1/2 –
3/4 1.050 .113 .154 – .308 1 1/8 –
1 1.315 .133 .179 .250 .358 1 1/2 1
1 1/4 1.660 .140 .191 .250 .382 1 7/8 1 1/4
1 1/2 1.900 .145 .200 .281 .400 2 1/4 1 1/2
2 2.375 .154 .218 .344 .436 3 2

2 1/2 2.875 .203 .276 .375 .552 3 3/4 2 1/2
3 3.500 .216 .300 .438 .600 4 1/2 3
3 1/2 4.000 .226 .318 – .636 5 1/4 3 1/2
4 4.500 .237 .337 .531 .674 6 4
5 5.563 .258 .375 .625 .750 7 1/2 5

6 6.625 .280 .432 .719 .864 9 6
8 8.625 .322 .500 .906 .875 12 8
10 10.750 .365 .500 1.125 1.000 15 10
12 12.750 .375 .500 1.312 1.000 18 12
14 14.000 .375 .500 – – 21 14

16 16.000 .375 .500 – – 24 16
18 18.000 .375 .500 – – 27 18
20 20.000 .375 .500 – – 30 20
22 22.000 .375 .500 – – 33 –
24 24.000 .375 .500 – – 36 24

26 26.000 .375 .500 – – 39 –
30 30.000 .375 .500 – – 45 30
34 34.000 .375 .500 – – 51 –
36 36.000 .375 .500 – – 54 36

42 42.000 .375 .500 – – 63 48
6
WELDING FITTINGS
45˚
180˚ RETURNS ELBOWS TEES CAPS CROSSES STUB ENDS
LONG R SHORT R
K K B C E C F G
1 7/8 – 5/8 1 1 – 3 1 3/8
1 11/16 – 7/16 1 1/8 1 – 3 1 11/16
2 3/16 1 5/8 7/8 1 1/2 1 1/2 – 4 2
2 3/4 2 1/16 1 1 7/8 1 1/2 1 7/8 4 2 1/2
3 1/4 2 7/16 1 1/8 2 1/4 1 1/2 2 1/4 4 2 7/8
4 3/16 3 3/16 1 3/8 2 1/2 1 1/2* 2 1/2 6 3 5/8

5 3/16 3 15/16 1 3/4 3 1 1/2* 3 6 4 1/8
6 1/4 4 3/4 2 3 3/8 2* 3 3/8 6 5
7 1/4 5 1/2 2 1/4 3 3/4 2 1/2* 3 3/4 6 5 1/2
8 1/4 6 1/4 2 1/2 4 1/8 2 1/2* 4 1/8 6 6 3/16
10 5/16 7 3/4 3 18 4 7/8 3* 4 7/8 8 7 5/16

12 5/16 9 5/16 3 3/4 5 5/8 3 1/2* 5 5/8 8 8 1/2
16 5/16 12 5/16 5 7 4* 7 8 10 5/8
20 3/8 15 3/8 6 1/4 8 1/2 5* 8 1/2 10 12 3/4
24 3/8 18 3/8 7 1/2 10 6* 10 10 15
28 21 8 3/4 11 6 1/2* 11 12 16 1/4

32 24 10 12 7* 12 12 18 1/2
36 27 11 1/4 13 1/2 8* 13 1/2 12 21
40 30 12 1/2 15 9* 15 12 23
44 – 13 1/2 16 1/2 10 16 1/2 – –
48 36 15 17 10 1/2 17 12 27 1/4
52 – 16 19 1/2 10 1/2 – – –
60 45 18 1/2 22 10 1/2 – – –
– – 21 25 10 1/2 – – –
– 54 22 1/4 26 1/2 10 1/2 – – –

– – 26 – 12 – – –
•Dimensions apply to STD and XS only.
7
8
150 LB. FLANGES 300 LB. FLANGES 400 LB. FLANGES

2 2 2
Nom. Y No and Y No and Y No and Nom.
Pipe Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Pipe
Size 0 C 2
Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes 0 C 2
Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes 0 C 2
Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes Size
1/2 3 1/2 7/16 1 7/8 5/8 5/8 2 3/8 4-5/8 3 3/4 9/16 2 1/16 7/8 7/8 2 5/8 4-5/8 3 3/4 9/16 2 1/16 7/8 7/8 2 5/8 4-5/8 1/2
3/4 3 7/8 1/2 2 1/16 5/8 5/8 2 3/4 4-5/8 4 5/8 5/8 2 1/4 1 1 3 1/4 4-3/4 4 5/8 5/8 2 1/4 1 1 3 1/4 4-3/4 3/4
1 4 1/4 9/16 2 3/16 11/16 11/16 3 1/8 4-5/8 4 7/8 11/16 2 7/16 1 1/16 1 1/16 3 1/2 4-3/4 4 7/8 11/16 2 7/16 1 1/16 1 1/16 3 1/2 4-3/4 1
1 1/4 4 5/8 5/8 2 1/4 13/16 13/16 3 1/2 4-5/8 5 1/4 3/4 2 9/16 1 1/16 1 1/16 3 7/8 4-3/4 5 1/4 13/16 2 5/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 3 7/8 4-3/4 1 1/4
1 1/2 5 11/16 2 7/16 7/8 7/8 3 7/8 4-5/8 6 1/8 13/16 2 11/16 1 3/16 1 3/16 4 1/2 4-7/8 6 1/8 7/8 2 3/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 4 1/2 4-7/8 1 1/2
2 6 3/4 2 1/2 1 1 4 3/4 4-3/4 6 1/2 7/8 2 3/4 1 5/16 1 5/16 5 8-3/4 6 1/2 1 2 7/8 1 7/16 1 7/16 5 8-3/4 2
2 1/2 7 7/8 2 3/4 1 1/8 1 1/8 5 1/2 4-3/4 7 1/2 1 3 1 1/2 1 1/2 5 7/8 8-7/8 7 1/2 1 1/8 3 1/8 1 5/8 1 5/8 5 7/8 8-7/8 2 1/2
3 7 1/2 15/16 2 3/4 1 3/16 1 3/16 6 4-3/4 8 1/4 1 1/8 3 1/8 1 11/16 1 11/16 6 5/8 8-7/8 8 1/4 1 1/4 3 1/4 1 13/16 1 13/16 6 5/8 8-7/8
3 1/2 8 1/2 15/16 2 13/16 1 1/4 1 1/4 7 8-3/4 9 1 3/16 3 3/16 1 3/4 1 3/4 7 1/4 8-7/8 9 1 3/8 3 3/8 1 15/16 1 15/16 7 1/4 8-1 3 1/2
4 9 15/16 3 1 5/16 1 5/16 7 1/2 8-3/4 10 1 1/4 3 3/8 1 7/8 1 7/8 7 7/8 8-7/8 10 1 3/8 3 1/2 2 2 7 7/8 8-1 4
5 10 15/16 3 1/2 1 7/16 1 7/16 8 1/2 8-7/8 11 1 3/8 3 7/8 2 2 9 1/4 8-7/8 11 1 1/2 4 2 1/8 2 1/8 9 1/4 8-1 5
6 11 1 3 1/2 1 9/16 1 9/16 9 1/2 8-7/8 12 1/2 1 7/16 3 7/8 2 1/16 2 1/16 10 5/8 12-7/8 12 1/2 1 5/8 4 1/16 2 1/4 2 1/4 10 5/8 12-1 6
8 13 1/2 1 1/8 4 1 3/4 1 3/4 11 3/4 8-7/8 15 1 5/8 4 3/8 2 7/16 2 7/16 13 12-1 15 1 7/8 4 5/8 2 11/16 2 11/16 13 12-1 1/8 8
10 16 1 3/16 4 1 15/16 1 15/16 14 1/4 12-1 17 1/2 1 7/8 4 5/8 2 5/8 3 3/4 15 1/4 16-1 1/8 17 1/2 2 1/8 4 7/8 2 7/8 4 15 1/4 16-1 1/4 10
12 19 1 1/4 4 1/2 2 3/16 2 3/16 17 12-1 20 1/2 2 5 1/8 2 7/8 4 17 3/4 16-1 1/4 20 1/2 2 1/4 5 3/8 3 1/8 4 1/4 17 3/4 16-1 3/8 12
14 21 1 3/8 5 2 1/4 3 1/8 18 3/4 12-1 1/8 23 2 1/8 5 5/8 3 4 3/8 20 1/4 20-1 1/4 23 2 3/8 5 7/8 3 5/16 4 5/8 20 1/4 20-1 3/8 14
16 23 1/2 1 7/16 5 2 1/2 3 7/16 21 1/4 16-1 1/8 25 1/2 2 1/4 5 3/4 3 1/4 4 3/4 22 1/2 20-1 3/8 25 1/2 2 1/2 6 3 11/16 5 22 1/2 20-1 1/2 16
18 25 1 9/16 5 1/2 2 11/16 3 13/16 22 3/4 16-1 1/4 28 2 3/8 6 1/4 3 1/2 5 1/8 24 3/4 24-1 3/8 28 2 5/8 6 1/2 3 7/8 5 3/8 24 3/4 24-1 1/2 18
20 27 1/2 1 11/16 5 11/16 2 7/8 4 1/16 25 20-1 1/4 30 1/2 2 1/2 6 3/8 3 3/4 5 1/2 27 24-1 3/8 30 1/2 2 3/4 6 5/8 4 5 3/4 27 24-1 5/8 20
24 32 1 7/8 6 3 1/4 4 3/8 29 1/2 20-1 3/8 36 2 3/4 6 5/8 4 3/16 6 32 24-1 5/8 36 3 6 7/8 4 1/2 6 1/4 32 24-1 7/8 24
30 38 3/4 2 1/8 5 1/8 3 1/2 – 36 28-1 3/8 43 3 5/8 8 1/4 8 1/4 – 39 1/4 28-1 7/8 43 4 8 5/8 8 5/8 – 39 1/4 28-2 1/8 30
36 46 2 3/8 5 3/8 3 3/4 – 42 3/4 32-1 5/8 50 4 1/8 9 1/2 9 1/2 – 46 32-2 1/8 50 4 1/2 9 7/8 9 7/8 – 46 32-2 1/8 36
See Notes on Page 10

600 LB. FLANGES 900 LB. FLANGES 1500 LB. FLANGES
2 2 2
Nom. Y No and Y No and Y No and Nom.
Pipe Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Pipe
Size 0 C2 Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes 0 C2 Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes 0 C2 Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes Size
1/2 3 3/4 9/16 2 1/16 7/8 7/8 2 5/8 4-5/8 4 3/4 7/8 2 3/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 3 1/4 4-7/8 4 3/4 7/8 2 3/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 3 1/4 4-7/8 1/2
3/4 4 5/8 5/8 2 1/4 1 1 3 1/4 4-3/4 5 1/8 1 2 3/4 1 3/8 1 3/8 3 1/2 4-7/8 5 1/8 1 7/8 2 3/4 1 3/8 1 3/8 3 1/2 4-7/8 3/4
1 4 7/8 11/16 2 1/16 1 1/16 1 1/16 3 1/2 4-3/4 5 7/8 1 1/8 2 7/8 1 5/8 1 5/8 4 4-1 5 7/8 1 1/8 2 7/8 1 5/8 1 5/8 4 4-1 1
1 1/4 5 1/4 13/16 2 5/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 3 7/8 4-3/4 6 1/4 1 1/8 2 7/8 1 5/8 1 5/8 4 3/8 4-1 6 1/4 1 1/8 2 7/8 1 5/8 1 5/8 4 3/8 4-1 1 1/4
1 1/2 6 1/8 7/8 2 3/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 4 1/2 4-7/8 7 1 1/4 3 1/4 1 3/4 1 3/4 4 7/8 4-1 1/8 7 1 1/4 3 1/4 1 3/4 1 3/4 4 7/8 4-1 1/8 1 1/2
2 6 1/2 1 2 7/8 1 7/16 1 7/16 5 8-3/4 8 1/2 1 1/2 4 2 1/4 2 1/4 6 1/2 8-1 8 1/2 1 1/2 4 2 1/4 2 1/4 6 1/2 8-1 2
2 1/2 7 1/2 1 1/8 3 1/8 1 5/8 1 5/8 5 7/8 8-7/8 9 5/8 1 5/8 4 1/8 2 1/2 2 1/2 7 1/2 8-1 1/8 9 5/8 1 5/8 4 1/8 2 1/2 2 1/2 7 1/2 8-1 1/8 2 1/2
3 8 1/4 1 1/4 3 1/4 1 13/16 1 13/16 6 5/8 8-7/8 9 1/2 1 1/2 4 2 1/8 2 1/8 7 1/2 8-1 10 1/2 1 7/8 4 5/8 2 7/8 2 7/8 8 8-1 1/4 3
3 1/2 9 1 3/8 3 3/8 1 15/16 1 15/16 7 1/4 8-1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3 1/2
4 10 3/4 1 1/2 4 2 1/8 2 1/8 8 1/2 8-1 11 1/2 1 3/4 4 1/2 2 3/4 2 3/4 9 1/4 8-1 1/4 12 1/4 2 1/8 4 7/8 3 9/16 3 9/16 9 1/2 8-1 3/8 4
5 13 1 3/4 4 1/2 2 3/8 2 3/8 10 1/2 8-1 1/8 13 3/4 2 5 3 1/8 3 1/8 11 8-1 3/8 14 3/4 2 7/8 6 1/8 4 1/8 4 1/8 11 1/2 8-1 5/8 5
6 14 1 7/8 4 5/8 2 5/8 2 5/8 11 1/2 12-1 1/8 15 2 3/16 5 1/2 3 3/8 3 3/8 12 1/2 12-1 1/4 15 1/2 3 1/4 6 3/4 4 11/16 4 11/16 12 1/2 12-1 1/2 6
8 16 1/2 2 3/16 5 1/4 3 3 13 3/4 12-1 1/4 18 2 1/2 6 3/8 4 4 1/2 15 1/2 12-1 1/2 19 3 5/8 8 3/8 5 5/8 5 5/8 15 1/2 12-1 3/4 8
10 20 2 1/2 6 3 3/8 4 3/8 17 16-1 3/8 21 1/2 2 3/4 7 1/4 4 1/4 5 18 1/2 16-1 1/2 23 4 1/4 10 6 1/4 7 19 12-2 10
12 22 2 5/8 6 1/8 3 5/8 4 5/8 19 1/4 20-1 3/8 24 3 1/8 7 7/8 4 5/8 5 5/8 21 20-1 1/2 26 1/2 4 7/8 11 1/8 7 1/8 8 5/8 22 1/2 16-2 1/8 12
14 23 3/4 2 3/4 6 1/2 3 11/16 5 20 3/4 20-1 1/2 25 1/4 3 3/8 8 3/8 5 1/8 6 1/8 22 20-1 5/8 29 1/2 5 1/4 11 3/4 – 9 1/2 25 16-2 3/8 14
16 27 3 7 4 3/16 5 1/2 23 3/4 20-1 5/8 27 3/4 3 1/2 8 1/2 5 1/4 6 1/2 24 1/4 20-1 3/4 32 1/2 5 3/4 12 1/4 – 10 1/4 27 3/4 16-2 5/8 16
18 29 1/4 3 1/4 7 1/4 4 5/8 6 25 3/4 20-1 3/4 31 4 9 6 7 1/2 27 20-2 36 6 3/8 12 7/8 – 10 7/8 30 1/.2 16-2 7/8 18
20 32 3 1/2 7 1/2 5 6 1/2 28 1/2 24-1 3/4 33 3/4 4 1/4 9 3/4 6 1/4 8 1/4 29 1/2 20-2 1/8 38 3/4 7 14 – 11 1/2 32 3/4 16-3 1/8 20
24 37 4 8 5 1/2 7 1/4 33 24-2 41 5 1/2 11 1/2 8 10 1/2 35 1/2 20-2 5/8 46 8 16 – 13 39 16-3 5/8 24
30 44 1/2 4 1/2 9 3/4 9 3/4 – 40 1/4 28-2 1/8 48 1/2 5 7/8 12 1/4 12 1/4 – 42 3/4 20-3 1/8 – – – – – – – 30
36 51 3/4 4 7/8 11 1/8 11 1/8 – 47 28-2 5/8 57 1/2 6 3/4 14 1/4 14 1/4 – 50 3/4 20-3 5/8 – – – – – – – 36
See Notes on Page 10
1
10
2500 LB. FLANGES WELDING NECK FLANGE BORES

2
Nom. Y No and Nom. Double
Pipe Weld Slip on Lap Bolt Size of Pipe Outside Light Sched. Sched. Std. Sched. Sched. Extra Sched. Sched. Sched. Sched. Sched. Extra
Size 0 C 2
Neck Thrd. Joint Circle Holes Size Diam. Wall 20 30 Wall. 40 60 Strong 80 100 120 140 160 Strong
1/2 5 1/4 1 3/16 2 7/8 1 9/16 1 9/16 3 1/2 4-7/8 1/2 0.840 .674 – – 0.622 0.622 – 0.546 0.546 – – – 0.464 0.252
3/4 5 1/2 1 1/4 3 1/8 1 11/16 1 11/16 3 3/4 4-7/8 3/4 1.050 .884 – – 0.824 0.824 – 0.742 0.742 – – – 0.612 0.434
1 6 1/4 1 3/8 3 1/2 1 7/8 1 7/8 4 1/4 4-1 1 1.315 1.097 – – 1.049 1.049 – 0.957 0.957 – – – 0.815 0.599
1 1/4 7 1/4 1 1/2 3 3/4 2 1/16 2 1/16 5 1/8 4-1 1/8 1 1/4 1.660 1.442 – – 1.380 1.380 – 1.278 1.278 – – – 1.610 0.896
1 1/2 8 1 3/4 4 3/8 2 3/8 2 3/8 5 3/4 4-1 1/4 1 1/2 1.900 1.682 – – 1.610 1.610 – 1.500 – – – 1.338 1.100
2 9 1/4 2 5 2 3/4 2 3/4 6 3/4 8-1 1/8 2 2.375 2.157 – – 2.067 2.067 – 1.939 1.929 – – – 1.687 1.503
2 1/2 10 1/2 2 1/4 5 5/8 3 1/8 3 1/16 7 3/4 8-1 1/4 2 1/2 2.875 2.635 – – 2.469 2.469 – 2.323 2.323 – – – 2.125 1.771
3 12 2 5/8 6 5/8 3 5/8 3 5/8 9 8-1 3/8 3 3.500 3.260 – – 3.068 3.068 – 2.900 2.900 – – – 2.624 2.300
4 14 3 7 1/2 4 1/4 4 1/4 10 3/4 8-1 5/8 3 1/2 4.000 3.760 – – 3.548 3.548 – 3.364 3.364 – – – – 2.728
5 16 1/2 3 5/8 9 5 1/8 5 1/8 12 3/4 8-1 7/8 4 4.500 4.260 – – 4.026 4.026 – 3.826 – 3.624 – 3.438 3.152
6 19 4 1/4 10 3/4 6 6 14 1/2 8-2 1/8 5 5.563 5.295 – – 5.047 5.047 – 4.813 4.813 – 4.563 – 4.313 4.063
8 21 3/4 5 12 1/2 7 7 17 1/4 12-2 1/8 6 6.625 6.357 – – 6.065 6.065 – 5.761 5.761 – 5.501 – 5.187 4.897
10 26 1/2 6 1/2 16 1/2 9 9 21 1/4 12-2 5/8 8 8.625 8.329 8.125 8.071 7.981 7.981 7.813 7.625 7.625 7.437 7.187 7.001 6.813 6.875
12 30 7 1/4 18 1/4 10 10 24 3/8 12-2 7/8 10 10.750 10.420 10.250 10.136 10.020 10.020 9.750 9.750 9.562 9.312 9.062 8.750 8.500 8.750
NOTES 12 12.750 12.390 12.250 12.090 12.000 11.938 11.626 11.750 11.374 11.062 10.750 10.500 10.126 10.750
1. Always specify bore when ordering. 14 14.000 13.500 13.376 13.250 13.250 13.124 12.812 13.000 12.500 12.124 11.814 11.500 11.188 –
2. Includes 1/16" raise face in 150 lb. and 300 lb. standards. Does not 16 16.000 15.500 15.376 15.250 15.250 15.000 14.688 15.000 14.312 13.938 13.564 13.124 12.812 –
include 1/4" raised face in 400 lb. and heavier standards. 18 18.000 17.500 17.376 12.124 17.250 16.876 16.500 17.000 16.124 15.688 15.250 14.876 14.438 –
3. Inside pipe diameters are also privded by this table. 20 20.000 19.500 19.250 19.000 19.250 18.812 18.376 19.000 17.938 17.438 17.000 16.500 16.062 –
4. Other types, sizes and facings on application. 24 24.000 23.500 23.250 22.876 23.250 22.624 22.062 23.000 21.562 20.938 20.376 19.876 19.312 –
5. Stocked in carbon steel and a variety of other metals and alloys.
30 30.000 29.376 29.000 28.750 29.250 – – 29.000 – – – – – –
6. Light Wall diameters are identical to stainless steel Schedule 10S in
36 36.000 35.376 35.000 34.750 35.250 34.500 – 35.000 – – – – – –
sizes thru 12", andd to Schedule 10 in sizes 14" and larger.
42 42.000 – – – 41.250 – – 41.000 – – – – – –
RING JOINT
DIMENSIONS DETAIL FOR
FLAT GROOVE
150 LB.
GROOVE RING
Pitch Diameter
Diameter of Height Width of Approximate distance between
Nominal of Raised Flat on flanges when joint is Nominal
Pipe Ring & Face Width Depth Ring Width Octagonal Compressed Pipe
Size Groove Number Oval Octagonal Ring Size
P† K† D L A B H C 150 lb. 300 lb. 400 lb. 600 lb.
150 LB.
1 1 7/8 2 1/2 11/32 1/4 R15 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 1
1 1/4 2 1/4 2 7/8 11/32 1/4 R17 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 1 1/4
1 1/2 2 9/16 3 1/4 11/32 1/4 R19 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 1 1/2
2 3 1/4 4 11/32 1/4 R22 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 2
2 1/2 4 4 3/4 11/32 1/4 R25 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 2 1/2
3 4 1/2 5 1/4 11/32 1/4 R29 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 3
3 1/2 5 3/16 6 1/16 11/32 1/4 R33 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 3 1/2
4 5 7/8 6 3/4 11/32 1/4 R36 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 4
5 6 3/4 7 5/8 11/32 1/4 R40 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 5
6 7 5/8 8 5/8 11/32 1/4 R43 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 6
8 9 3/4 10 3/4 11/32 1/4 R48 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 8
10 12 13 11/32 1/4 R52 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 10
12 15 16 11/32 1/4 R56 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 – – – 12
14 15 5/8 16 3/4 11/32 1/4 R59 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 1/8 – – – 14
16 17 7/8 19 11/32 1/4 R64 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 1/8 – – – 16
18 20 3/8 21 1/2 11/32 1/4 R68 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 1/8 – – – 18
20 22 23 1/2 11/32 1/4 R72 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 1/8 – – – 20
11
24 26 1/2 28 11/32 1/4 R76 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 1/8 – – – 24

12
RING JOINT
FLAT GROOVE
300, 400, 600 LB.
GROOVE RING
Pitch Diameter
Diameter of Height Width of Approximate distance between
Nominal of Raised Flat on flanges when joint is Nominal
Pipe Ring & Face Width Depth Ring Width Octagonal compressed Pipe
Size Groove Number Oval Octagonal Ring Size
P† K† D L A B H C 150 lb. 300 lb. 400 lb. 600 lb.
300, 400, 600 LB.
1/2 1 11/32 2 9/32 7/32 R11 1/4 7/16 3/8 0.170 – 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/2
3/4 1 11/16 2 1/2 11/32 1/4 R13 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 – 5/32 5/32 5/32 3/4
1 2 2 3/4 11/32 1/4 R16 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 – 5/32 5/32 5/32 1
1 1/4 2 3/8 3 1/8 11/32 1/4 R18 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 – 5/32 5/32 5/32 1 1/4
1 1/2 2 11/16 3 9/16 11/32 1/4 R20 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 – 5/32 5/32 5/32 1 1/2
2 3 1/4 4 1/4 15/32 5/16 R23 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 3/16 3/16 2
2 1/2 4 5 15/32 5/16 R26 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 3/16 3/16 2 1/2
3 4 7/8* 5 3/4 15/32 5/16 R31* 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 3/16 3/16 3
3 1/2 5 3/16 6 1/4 15/32 5/16 R34 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 3/16 3/16 3 1/2
4 5 7/8 6 7/8 15/32 5/16 R37 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 4
5 7 1/8 8 1/4 15/32 5/16 R41 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 5
6 8 5/16 9 1/2 15/32 5/16 R45 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 6
8 10 5/8 11 7/8 15/32 5/16 R49 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 8
10 12 3/4 14 15/32 5/16 R53 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 10
12 15 16 1/4 15/32 5/16 R57 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 12
14 16 1/2 18 15/32 5/16 R61 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 14
16 18 1/2 20 15/32 5/16 R65 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 16
18 21 22 5/8 15/32 5/16 R69 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 18
20 23 25 17/32 3/8 R73 1/2 3/4 11/16 0.341 – 7/32 7/32 3/16 20
24 27 1/4 29 1/2 21/32 7/16 R77 5/8 7/8 13/16 0.413 – 1/4 1/4 7/32 24
RING JOINT DIMENSIONS 900 LB.
GROOVE RING
Pitch Diameter Approximate
Diameter of Height Width of distance between
Nominal of Raised Flat on flanges when Nominal
Pipe Ring & Face Width Depth Ring Width Octagonal joint is Pipe
Size Groove Number Oval Octagonal Ring compressed Size
P† K† D L A B H C
900 LB.
1/2 1 9/16 2 3/8 11/32 1/4 R12 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1/2
3/4 1 3/4 2 5/8 11/32 1/4 R14 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 3/4
1 2 2 13/16 11/32 1/4 R16 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1
1 1/4 2 3/8 3 3/16 11/32 1/4 R18 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1 1/4
1 1/2 2 11/16 3 5/8 11/32 1/4 R20 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1 1/2
2 3 3/4 4 7/8 15/32 5/16 R24 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 2
2 1/2 4 1/4 5 3/8 15/32 5/16 R27 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 2 1/2
3 4 7/8 6 1/8 15/32 5/16 R31 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 3
4 5 7/8 7 1/8 15/32 5/16 R37 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 4
5 7 1/8 8 1/2 15/32 5/16 R41 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 5
6 8 5/16 9 1/2 15/32 5/16 R45 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 6
8 10 5/8 12 1/8 15/32 5/16 R49 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 8
10 12 3/4 14 1/4 15/32 5/16 R53 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 10
12 15 16 1/2 15/32 5/16 R57 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 5/32 12
14 16 1/2 18 3/8 21/32 7/16 R62 5/8 7/8 13/16 0.413 5/32 14
16 18 1/2 20 5/8 21/32 7/16 R66 5/8 7/8 13/16 0.413 5/32 16
18 21 23 3/8 25/32 1/2 R70 3/4 1 15/16 0.485 3/16 18
20 23 25 1/2 25/32 1/2 R74 3/4 1 15/16 0.485 3/16 20
24 27 1/4 30 3/8 1 1/16 5/8 R78 1 1 5/16 1 1/4 0.681 7/32 24
† See flange drawing. TOLERANCES above, will be furnished unless otherwise specified.
* For 3" lap joint stub ends, 300, 400, and 600 lb. pressure ratings, P (of groove) ± .005" A ± .008" CORNER RADIUS “r” is
P = 4 5/8", and ring number is R30. P (of ring) ± .007" B ± 1/64" 1/32" for groove width 15/32" and smaller,
DIMENSIONS are shown in inches, and conform to ASA D ± .008" H ± 1/64" 1/16" for groove width 1/2" to 29/32",
Standards B16.5 and B16.20. L + 1/64" - 0" C ± .008" 3/32" for groove width 7/8" and larger.
FLAT BOTTOMED GROOVE, as shown in detail
13
14
RING JOINT
FLAT GROOVE
1500 LB.
GROOVE RING
1500 LB.
1/2 1 9/16 2 3/8 11/32 1/4 R12 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1/2
3/4 1 3/4 2 5/8 11/32 1/4 R14 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 3/4
1 2 2 13/16 11/32 1/4 R16 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1
1 1/4 2 3/8 3 3/16 11/32 1/4 R18 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1 1/4
1 1/2 2 11/16 3 5/8 11/32 1/4 R20 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1 1/2
2 3 3/4 4 7/8 15/32 5/16 R24 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 2
2 1/2 4 1/4 5 3/8 15/32 5/16 R27 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 2 1/2
3 5 3/8 6 5/8 15/32 5/16 R35 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 3
4 6 3/8 7 5/8 15/32 5/16 R39 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 4
5 7 5/8 9 15/32 5/16 R44 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 5
6 8 5/16 9 3/4 17/32 3/8 R46 1/2 3/4 11/16 0.341 1/8 6
8 10 5/8 12 1/2 21/32 7/16 R50 5/8 7/8 13/16 0.413 5/32 8
10 12 3/4 14 5/8 21/32 7/16 R54 5/8 7/8 13/16 0.413 5/32 10
12 15 17 1/4 29/32 9/16 R58 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/16 0.583 3/16 12
14 16 1/2 19 1/4 1 1/16 5/8 R63 1 1 5/16 1 1/4 0.681 7/32 14
16 18 1/2 21 1/2 1 3/16 11/16 R67 1 1/8 1 7/16 1 3/8 0.780 5/16 16
18 21 24 1/8 1 3/16 11/16 R71 1 1/8 1 7/16 1 3/8 0.780 5/16 18
20 23 26 1/2 1 5/16 11/16 R75 1 1/4 1 9/16 1 1/2 0.879 3/8 20
24 27 1/4 31 1/4 1 7/16 13/16 R79 1 3/8 1 3/4 1 5/8 0.977 7/16 24
RING JOINT
DIMENSIONS
2500 LB.
GROOVE RING
2500 LB.
1/2 1 11/16 2 9/16 11/32 1/4 R13 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1/2
3/4 2 2 7/8 11/32 1/4 R16 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 3/4
1 2 3/8 3 1/4 11/32 1/4 R18 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 5/32 1
1 1/4 2 27/32 4 15/32 5/16 R21 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 1 1/4
1 1/2 3 1/4 4 1/2 15/32 5/16 R23 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 1 1/2
2 4 5 1/4 15/32 5/16 R26 7/16 11/16 5/8 0.305 1/8 2
2 1/2 4 3/8 5 7/8 17/32 3/8 R28 1/2 3/4 11/16 0.341 1/8 2 1/2
3 5 6 5/8 17/32 3/8 R32 1/2 3/4 11/16 0.341 1/8 3
4 6 3/16 8 21/32 7/16 R38 5/8 7/8 13/16 0.413 5/32 4
5 7 1/2 9 1/2 25/32 1/2 R42 3/4 1 15/16 0.485 5/32 5
6 9 11 25/32 1/2 R47 3/4 1 15/16 0.485 5/32 6
8 11 13 3/8 29/32 9/16 R51 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/16 0.583 3/16 8
10 13 1/2 16 3/4 1 3/16 11/16 R55 1 1/8 1 7/16 1 3/8 0.780 1/4 10
12 16 19 1/2 1 5/16 11/16 R60 1 1/4 1 9/16 1 1/2 0.879 5/16 12
15
16
LAP JOINT
STUB ENDS STANDARD WEIGHT
Lap * and
Nom. Pipe Overall Lap Fillet Outside Inside Wall Tolerances of Approx.
Pipe Sched. Length Diameter Radius Diameter Diameter Thickness OD of Barrel Weight
Size No. (lb.)
Q R r OD ID T Plus Minus
1/2 40 3 1 3/8 1/8 0.840 0.622 0.109 0.056 0.031 .4
3/4 40 3 1 11/16 1/8 1.050 0.824 0.113 0.056 0.031 .5
1 40 4 2 1/8 1.315 1.049 0.133 0.061 0.031 .8
1 1/4 40 4 2 1/2 3/16 1.660 1.380 0.140 0.056 0.031 1.1
1 1/2 40 4 2 7/8 1/4 1.900 1.610 0.145 0.066 0.031 1.2
2 40 6 3 5/8 5/16 2.375 2.067 0.154 0.081 0.031 2.2
2 1/2 40 6 4 1/8 5/16 2.875 2.469 0.203 0.091 0.031 3.5
3 40 6 5 3/8 3.500 3.068 0.216 0.096 0.031 4.8
3 1/2 40 6 5 1/2 3/8 4.000 3.548 0.226 0.096 0.031 6
4 40 6 6 3/16 7/16 4.500 4.026 0.237 0.093 0.031 7.2
5 40 8 7 5/16 7/16 5.563 5.047 0.258 0.120 0.031 13
6 40 8 8 1/2 1/2 6.625 6.065 0.280 0.118 0.031 16
8 40 8 10 5/8 1/2 8.625 7.981 0.322 0.118 0.031 23
10 40 10 12 3/4 1/2 10.750 10.020 0.365 0.163 0.031 41
12 – 10 15 1/2 12.750 12.000 0.375 0.163 0.031 47
14 30 12 16 1/4 1/2 14.000 13.250 0.375 0.170 0.031 61
16 30 12 18 1/2 1/2 16.000 15.250 0.375 0.180 0.031 73
18 – 12 21 1/2 18.000 17.250 0.375 0.190 0.031 85
20 20 12 23 1/2 20.000 19.250 0.375 0.240 0.031 100
24 20 12 27 1/4 1/2 24.000 23.250 0.375 0.240 0.031 115
LAP JOINT
STUB ENDS EXTRA STRONG
Lap * and
Nom. Pipe Overall Lap Fillet Outside Inside Wall Tolerances of Approx.
Pipe Sched. Length Diameter Radius Diameter Diameter Thickness OD of Barrel Weight
Size No. (lb.)
Q R r OD ID T Plus Minus
1/2 80 3 1 3/8 1/8 0.840 0.546 0.147 0.056 0.031 .4
3/4 80 3 1 11/16 1/8 1.050 0.742 0.154 0.056 0.031 .8
1 80 4 2 1/8 1.315 0.957 0.179 0.061 0.031 .9
1 1/4 80 4 2 1/2 3/16 1.660 1.278 0.191 0.056 0.031 1.2
1 1/2 80 4 2 7/8 1/4 1.900 1.500 0.200 0.066 0.031 1.8
2 80 6 3 5/8 5/16 2.375 1.939 0.218 0.081 0.031 3.2
2 1/2 80 6 4 1/8 5/16 2.875 2.323 0.276 0.091 0.031 4.5
3 80 6 5 3/8 3.500 2.900 0.300 0.096 0.031 6.5
3 1/2 80 6 5 1/2 3/8 4.000 3.364 0.318 0.096 0.031 7.8
4 80 6 6 3/16 7/16 4.500 3.826 0.337 0.093 0.031 9.8
5 80 8 7 5/16 7/16 5.563 4.813 0.375 0.120 0.031 17
6 80 8 8 1/2 1/2 6.625 5.761 0.432 0.118 0.031 23
8 80 8 10 5/8 1/2 8.625 7.625 0.500 0.118 0.031 32
10 60 10 12 3/4 1/2 10.750 9.750 0.500 0.163 0.031 53
12 – 10 15 1/2 12.750 11.750 0.500 0.163 0.031 63
14 – 12 16 1/4 1/2 14.000 13.000 0.500 0.170 0.031 80
16 40 12 18 1/2 1/2 16.000 15.000 0.500 0.180 0.031 95
18 – 12 21 1/2 18.000 17.000 0.500 0.190 0.031 120
20 30 12 23 1/2 20.000 19.000 0.500 0.240 0.031 130
17
24 – 12 27 1/4 1/2 24.000 23.000 0.500 0.240 0.031 150

“R” OR “RX” NUMBERS OF API AND ANSI
STANDARD RING-JOINT FLANGES
FLANGES SERIES
300# ANSI
PIPE 400# ANSI 900# ANSI 1500# ANSI 2500#
SIZE 150# ANSI 600# ANSI 3000# API 5000# API ANSI
2000# API
1/2" – R-11 R-12 R-12 R-13
3/4" – R-13 R-14 R-14 R-16
1" R-15 R-16 R-16 R-16 R-18
1 1/4" R-17 R-18 R-18 R-18 R-21
1 1/2" R-19 R-20 R-20 R-20 R-23
2" R-22 R-23 R-24 R-24 R-26
2 1/2" R-25 R-26 R-27 R-27 R-28
3 R-29 R-31* R-31 R-35 R-32
3 1/2 R-33 R-34 – – –
4" R-36 R-37 R-37 R-39 R-38
5" R-40 R-41 R-41 R-44 R-42
6" R-43 R-45 R-45 R-46 R-47
8" R-48 R-49 R-49 R-50 R-51
10" R-52 R-53 R-53 R-54 R-55
12" R-56 R-57 R-57 R-58 R-60
14" R-59 R-61 R-62 R-63 –
16" R-64 R-65 R-66 R-67 –
18" R-68 R-69 R-70 R-71 –
20" R-72 R-73 R-74 R-75 –
24" R-76 R-77 R-78 R-79 –
* With lapped flanges use No. R-30 instead of No. R-31.
ANSI TO PN PRESSURE CHART
ANSI RATING PN RATING

150 20
300 50
400 68
600 100
900 150
1500 250
2500 420
18
TABLES 2
PRESSURE - TEMPERATURE RATINGS FOR
GROUPS 1.1 THROUGH 3.16 MATERIALS
TABLE 2-1.1 RATINGS FOR GROUP 1.1 MATERIALS

Nominal
Designation Forgings Castings Plates
C-Si A 105 (1) A 216 Gr. WCB (1) A 515 Gr. 70 (1)
C-Mn-Si A 350 Gr. LF2 (1) A 516 Gr. 70 (1) (2)
A 537 Cl. 1 (3)
NOTES:
(1) Upon prolonged exposure to temperatures above 800˚F, the carbide phase of steel
may be converted to graphite. Permissible, but not recommended for prolonged
use above 800˚F.
(2) Not to be used over 850˚F.
(3) Not to be used over 700˚F.
WORKING PRESSURES BY CLASSES, psig

Class
Temp., ˚F 150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500
-20 to 100 285 740 990 1480 2220 3705 6170
200 260 675 900 1350 2025 3375 5625
300 230 655 875 1315 1970 3280 5470
400 200 635 845 1270 1900 3170 5280
500 170 600 800 1200 1795 2995 4990
600 140 550 730 1095 1640 2735 4560
650 125 535 715 1075 1610 2685 4475
700 110 535 710 1065 1600 2665 4440
750 95 505 670 1010 1510 2520 4200
800 80 410 550 825 1235 2060 3430
850 65 270 355 535 805 1340 2230
900 50 170 230 345 515 860 1430
950 35 105 140 205 310 515 860
1000 20 50 70 105 155 260 430
19
Appendix A
Pipeline Component Size Nomenclature
Note: This Appendix is not a mandatory part of this Standard
TABLE A1
REFERENCE TABLE
Pipeline Component Size Nomenclature
Nominal Size of Matching steel line pipe
fitting size OD, mm
NPS 1/2 DN 15 21.3
NPS 3/4 DN 20 26.7
NPS 1 DN 25 33.4
NPS 1 1/4 DN 32 42.2
NPS 1 1/2 DN 40 48.3
NPS 2 DN 50 60.3
NPS 2 1/2 DN 65 73.0
NPS 3 DN 80 88.9
NPS 3 1/2 DN 90 101.6
NPS 4 DN 100 114.3
NPS 5 DN 125 141.3
NPS 6 DN 150 168.3
NPS 8 DN 200 219.1
NPS 10 DN 250 273.1
NPS 12 DN 300 323.9
NPS 14 DN 350 355.6
NPS 16 DN 400 406.4
NPS 18 DN 450 457
NPS 20 DN 500 508
NPS 22 DN 550 559
NPS 24 DN 600 610
NPS 26 DN 650 660
NPS 28 DN 700 711
NPS 30 DN 750 762
NPS 32 DN 800 813
NPS 34 DN 850 864
NPS 36 DN 900 914
NPS 38 DN 950 965
NPS 40 DN 1000 1016
NPS 42 DN 1050 1067
NPS 44 DN 1100 1118
NPS 46 DN 1150 1168
NPS 48 DN 1200 1219
NPS 50 DN 1250 1270
NPS 52 DN 1300 1321
NPS 54 DN 1350 1372
NPS 56 DN 1400 1422
NPS 58 DN 1450 1473
NPS 60 DN 1500 1524
20
Appendix B
Nominal Pressure Class Nomenclature
Note: This Appendix is not a mandatory part of this Standard
TABLE B1
REFERENCE TABLE
ANSI class designation Nominal pressure class
150 PN 20
300 PN 50
400 PN 68
600 PN 100
900 PN 150
1500 PN 250
2500 PN 420
Notes:
(1) ANSI class designations are designations given to flanges to indicate the
manufacturing dimensions and maximum allowable non-shock working
pressure considering the material utilized and the operating temperature.
(2) “PN” means “pressure nominal” and the PN system of nominal pressure
class designation is contained in standards prepared by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO). The numerical part of the
designation approximates the maximum cold working pressure rating in bars
(100 kPa).
21
TABLE 1.1
Tensile Requirements
Minimum
Minimum yield Minimum tensile elongation in
Grade strength, MPa strength, MPa 50.8 mm, %
248 248 414 20
290 290 414 20
317 317 434 20
359 359 455 20
386 386 490 20
414 414 517 20
448 448 531 18
483 483 565 16
Note: The tensile requirements for intermediate grades shall be obtained by

interpolation between those specified for standard grades.
TABLE 1.2
Nominal pressure Maximum cold working

class pressure rating, kPa
PN 20 1 900
PN 50 4 960
PN 68 6 620
PN 100 9 930
PN 150 14 890
PN 250 24 820
PN 420 41 370
Notes:
(1) “PN” means “pressure nominal” and the PN system of nominal pressure
class designation is contained in standards prepared by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO). The numerical part of the
designation approximates the maximum cold working pressure rating in bars
(100 kPa).
(2) Pressure ratings are for temperatures up to and including 120˚C.
22
TABLE 10.8
Tolerances for Standard Fittings Grade 290 and Higher
Centre-to-
end dimensions Centre-to-
Out-of- (A,B,C,M) end dimension
Inside roundness Reducers Caps
diameter SR & LR elbows, 3R overall length overall length
Size at end Elbows Other tees elbows H E
NPS 1/2 to
NPS 24 inclusive ±2 5 3 ±2 ±3 ±2 ±7
NPS 26 to
NPS 36 inclusive ±2 1% 3 ±3 ±6 ±5 ±10
NPS 38 to
NPS 48 inclusive ±3 1% 3 ±5 ±10 ±10 ±10
Angularity tolerance
Elbows, tees, Elbows Reducers
reducers off plane centreline
Size off angle Q P offset
NPS 1/2 to
NPS 24 inclusive 2 6 3%
NPS 26 to
NPS 36 inclusive 2 13 3%
NPS 38 to
NPS 48 inclusive 3 9 3% This end flush against square.
Notes:
(1) The out-of-roundness tolerance shall be the difference between the maximum and minimum inside diameters measured on any radial cross-section at the
end of the fitting. In addition, NPS 18 or larger elbows shall be not more than 3% out-of-round throughout their length.
(2) Where tolerances are given in per cent, the tolerance applies to the nominal diameter expressed in millimetres.
(3) For reducing tees, the run size shall be used to determine the tolerance of the centre-to-end dimension of the outlet.
(4) For reducers, the larger dimension shall be used to determine the length tolerance.
(5) All tolerances, except as noted, are in millimetres.
23
TABLE 7.2
Compliance Factor (F) — Carbon Equivalent Formula
Compliance Compliance Compliance

Carbon (%) factor Carbon (%) factor Carbon(%) factor
<0.06 0.53 0.11 0.70 0.17 0.94
0.06 0.54 0.12 0.75 0.18 0.96
0.07 0.56 0.13 0.80 0.19 0.97
0.08 0.58 0.14 0.85 0.20 0.98
0.09 0.62 0.15 0.88 0.21 0.99
0.10 0.66 0.16 0.92 >0.21 1.00
TABLE 9.1
Location of Test Samples and Frequency of Testing for Bends
Manufacturing procedure Test locations

Cold bends Outer radius, weld seam, tangent
Hot bends, lower than Grade 290 Outer radius, weld seam, tangent
Hot bends, Grade 290 or higher Outer radius, inner radius, weld seam
neutral axis, tangent
Notes:
(1) New sets of tests, as described in Clause 9.1.4, are required for changes in
grade, wall thickness, outside diameter, or heat number.
(2) Where a post-bend heat treatment is done, the bends represented by a set
of tests shall be
(a) heat treated in the same charge as the test samples; or
(b) heat treated in the same manner as the test samples; however, in one or
more furnaces that are surveyed at least annually, controlled within a range
of 30˚C, and equipped with recording sensors that are calibrated at least
quarterly.
(3) Testing of tangents is not required if a post-bend heat treatment is not
performed.
(4) Testing of weld seams is not required for welds made without the addition
of extraneous metal.
24
TABLE 7.1
Chemical Composition Limits for Heat
and Product Analysis
Grades Maximum carbon equivalent*, %

Grade 290
and higher 0.50
Maximum permitted, %
Lower than Grade 290 Grade 290 or higher
Element heat analysis product analysis
Carbon 0.35 0.30
Manganese 1.35 1.60
Phosphorus 0.05 0.05
Sulphur 0.06 0.06
Silicon 0.35 0.50
Copper – 1.50
Nickel – 1.00
Chromium – 0.25
Molybdenum – 0.25
Vanadium – 0.13
Niobium – 0.10
Boron – 0.001
*The carbon equivalent shall be determined from the product analysis by

using the following formula:
Mn Si Cu Ni Cr + Mo + V + Nb
C.E. = C + F { 6 + 24 + 15 + 20 + 5
+ 5B }
where F is a compliance factor that is dependent on carbon content and is

given in Table 7.2.
Notes:
(1) The chemical requirements of this Table are not intended to represent the
composition of any heat of steel but to record the maximum permissible
amounts of individual elements.
(2) Niobium is also known as columbium.
25
This Page Is
Intentionally
Left Blank
ANSI 150 LB FLANGES
Nominal Diameter Stud Bolt Length
No.
Pipe Size of Studs Raised Face Ring Joint
of
Inches MM Inches MM Studs Inches MM Inches MM
1/2 12.70 1/2 12.70 4 2 1/4 57.15
3/4 19.05 1/2 12.70 4 2 1/2 63.50
BOLTING DIMENSIONS 1 25.40 1/2 12.70 4 2 1/2 63.50 3 76.20
1 1/4 31.75 1/2 12.70 4 2 3/4 69.85 3 1/4 82.55

FOR ANSI FLANGES 1 1/2 38.10 1/2 12.70 4 2 3/4 69.85 3 1/4 82.55
2 50.80 5/8 15.88 4 3 1/4 82.55 3 3/4 95.25
ALL SIZES AS PER 2 1/2 63.50 5/8 15.88 4 3 1/2 88.90 4 101.60
ANSI B16.5-1988 3
3 1/2
76.20
88.90
5/8
5/8
15.88
15.88
4
8
3 1/2
3 1/2
88.90
88.90
4 1/4
4 1/4
107.95
107.95
4 101.60 5/8 15.88 8 3 1/2 88.90 4 1/4 107.95

5 127.00 3/4 19.05 8 3 3/4 95.25 4 1/2 114.30
UPDATED AND 6 152.40 3/4 19.05 8 4 101.60 4 1/2 114.30
REVISED 8
10
203.20
254.00
3/4
7/8
19.05
22.23
8
12
4 1/4
4 3/4
107.95
120.65
4 3/4
5 1/4
120.65
133.35
12 304.80 7/8 22.23 12 4 3/4 120.65 5 1/2 139.70
SEPTEMBER 1997
14 355.60 1 25.40 12 5 1/4 133.35 6 152.40
16 406.40 1 25.40 16 5 1/2 139.70 6 152.40
18 457.20 1 1/8 28.58 16 6 152.40 6 1/2 165.10
20 508.00 1 1/8 28.58 20 6 1/4 158.75 7 177.80

22 558.80 1 1/4 31.75 20 6 1/2 165.10 7 1/4 184.15
24 609.60 1 1/4 31.75 20 7 177.80 7 3/4 196.85
27
28
ANSI 300 LB FLANGES ANSI 400 LB FLANGES

Nominal Diameter Stud Bolt Length Nominal Diameter Stud Bolt Length
No. No.
Pipe Size of Studs Raised Face Ring Joint Pipe Size of Studs Raised Face Ring Joint
of of
Inches MM Inches MM Studs Inches MM Inches MM Inches MM Inches MM Studs Inches MM Inches MM
1/2 12.70 1/2 12.70 4 2-1/2 63.50 3 76.20 1/2 12.70 1/2 12.70 4 3 76.20 3 76.20
3/4 19.05 5/8 15.88 4 3 76.20 3-1/4 82.55 3/4 19.05 5/8 15.88 4 3 1/2 88.90 3 1/2 88.90
1 25.40 5/8 15.88 4 3-1/4 82.55 3-1/4 82.55 1 25.40 5/8 15.88 4 3 1/2 88.90 3 1/2 88.90
1-1/4 31.75 5/8 15.88 4 3-1/4 82.55 3-3/4 95.25 1 1/4 31.75 5/8 15.88 4 3 3/4 95.25 3 3/4 95.25
1-1/2 38.10 3/4 19.05 4 3-1/2 88.90 4 101.60 1 1/2 38.10 3/4 19.05 4 4 1/4 107.95 4 1/4 107.95
2 50.80 5/8 15.88 8 3-1/2 88.90 4-1/4 107.95 2 50.80 5/8 15.88 8 4 1/4 107.95 4 1/4 107.95
2-1/2 63.50 3/4 19.05 8 4 101.60 4-1/2 114.30 2 1/2 63.50 3/4 19.05 8 4 3/4 120.65 4 3/4 120.65
3 76.20 3/4 19.05 8 4-1/4 107.95 5 127.00 3 76.20 3/4 19.05 8 5 127.00 5 127.00
3-1/2 88.90 3/4 19.05 8 4-1/4 107.95 5 127.00 3 1/2 88.90 7/8 22.23 8 5 1/2 139.70 5 1/2 139.70
4 101.60 3/4 19.05 8 4-1/2 114.30 5-1/4 133.35 4 101.60 7/8 22.23 8 5 1/2 139.70 5 1/2 139.70
5 127.00 3/4 19.05 8 4-3/4 120.65 5-1/4 133.35 5 127.00 7/8 22.23 8 5 3/4 146.05 5 3/4 146.05
6 152.40 3/4 19.05 12 4-3/4 120.65 5-3/4 146.05 6 152.40 7/8 22.23 12 6 152.40 6 152.40
8 203.20 7/8 22.23 12 5-1/2 139.70 6-1/4 158.75 8 203.20 1 25.40 12 6 3/4 171.45 6 3/4 171.45
10 254.00 1 25.40 16 6-1/4 158.75 7-1/4 184.15 10 254.00 1 1/8 28.58 16 7 1/2 190.50 7 1/2 190.50
12 304.80 1-1/8 28.58 16 6-3/4 171.45 7-1/2 190.50 12 304.80 1 1/4 31.75 16 8 203.20 8 203.20
14 355.60 1-1/8 28.58 20 7 177.80 7-3/4 196.85 14 355.60 1 1/4 31.75 20 8 1/4 209.55 8 1/4 209.55
16 406.40 1-1/4 31.75 20 7-1/2 190.50 8-1/2 215.90 16 406.40 1 3/8 34.93 20 8 3/4 222.25 8 3/4 222.25
18 457.20 1-1/4 31.75 24 7-3/4 196.85 8-1/4 209.95 18 457.20 1 3/8 34.93 24 9 228.60 9 228.60
20 508.00 1-1/4 31.75 24 8-1/4 209.55 9-1/4 234.95 20 508.00 1 1/2 38.10 24 9 1/2 241.30 9 3/4 247.65
22 558.80 1-1/2 38.10 24 8-3/4 222.25 9-3/4 247.65 22 558.80 1 5/8 41.28 24 10 254.00 10 1/2 266.70
24 609.60 1-1/2 38.10 24 9-1/4 234.95 10-1/4 260.35 24 609.60 1 3/4 44.45 24 10 1/2 266.70 11 279.40
No. No.
of of
1/2 12.70 1/2 12.70 4 3 76.20 3 76.20 1/2 12.70 3/4 19.05 4 4 101.60 4 1/4 107.95
3/4 19.05 5/8 15.88 4 3 1/4 82.55 3 1/4 82.55 3/4 19.05 3/4 19.05 4 4 1/4 107.95 4 1/2 114.30
1 25.40 5/8 15.88 4 3 1/2 88.90 3 1/2 88.90 1 25.40 7/8 22.23 4 4 3/4 120.65 5 127.00
1 1/4 31.75 5/8 15.88 4 3 3/4 95.25 3 3/4 95.25 1 1/4 31.75 7/8 22.23 4 5 127.00 5 127.00
1 1/2 38.10 3/4 19.05 4 4 1/4 107.95 4 1/4 107.95 1 1/2 38.10 1 25.40 4 5 1/4 133.35 5 1/2 139.70
2 50.80 5/8 15.88 8 4 1/4 107.95 4 1/2 114.30 2 50.80 7/8 22.23 8 5 1/2 139.70 5 3/4 146.05
2 1/2 63.50 3/4 19.05 8 5 127.00 4 3/4 120.65 2 1/2 63.50 1 25.40 8 6 1/4 158.75 6 1/4 158.75
3 76.20 3/4 19.05 8 5 127.00 5 1/4 133.35 3 76.20 7/8 22.23 8 5 1/2 139.70 5 3/4 146.05
3 1/2 88.90 7/8 22.23 8 5 1/2 139.70 5 1/2 139.70 4 101.60 1 1/8 28.58 8 6 1/2 165.10 6 3/4 171.45
4 101.60 7/8 22.23 8 5 3/4 146.05 6 152.40 5 127.00 1 1/4 31.75 8 7 1/2 190.50 7 1/2 190.50
5 127.00 1 25.40 8 6 1/2 165.10 6 1/2 165.10 6 152.40 1 1/8 28.58 12 7 1/2 190.50 7 3/4 196.85
6 152.40 1 25.40 12 6 3/4 171.45 7 177.80 8 203.20 1 3/8 34.93 12 8 1/2 215.90 8 3/4 222.25
8 203.20 1 1/8 28.58 12 7 3/4 196.85 8 203.20 10 254.00 1 3/8 34.93 16 9 228.60 9 1/4 234.95
10 254.00 1 1/4 31.75 16 8 1/2 215.90 8 3/4 222.25 12 304.80 1 3/8 34.93 20 9 3/4 247.65 10 254.00
12 304.80 1 1/4 31.75 20 8 3/4 222.25 9 228.60 14 355.60 1 1/2 38.10 20 10 1/2 266.70 11 279.40
14 355.60 1 3/8 34.93 20 9 1/4 234.95 9 1/2 241.30 16 406.40 1 5/8 41.28 20 11 279.40 11 1/2 292.10
16 406.40 1 1/2 38.10 20 10 254.00 10 1/4 260.35 18 457.20 1 7/8 47.63 20 12 3/4 323.85 13 1/4 336.55
18 457.20 1 5/8 41.28 20 10 3/4 273.05 11 279.40 20 508.00 2 50.80 20 13 1/2 342.90 14 1/4 361.95
20 508.00 1 5/8 41.28 24 11 1/2 292.10 11 3/4 298.45 24 609.60 2 1/2 63.50 20 17 431.80 18 457.20
22 558.80 1 3/4 44.45 24 12 304.80 12 1/2 317.50
24 609.60 1 7/8 47.63 24 13 330.20 13 1/2 342.90
29
30

No. No.
of of
1/2 12.70 3/4 19.05 4 4 101.60 4 1/4 107.95 1/2 12.70 3/4 19.05 4 4 3/4 120.65 4 3/4 120.65
3/4 19.05 3/4 19.05 4 4 1/4 107.95 4 1/2 114.30 3/4 19.05 3/4 19.05 4 4 3/4 120.65 5 127.00
1 25.40 7/8 22.23 4 4 3/4 120.65 5 127.00 1 25.40 7/8 22.23 4 5 1/4 133.35 5 1/2 139.70
1 1/4 31.75 7/8 22.23 4 5 127.00 5 127.00 1 1/4 31.75 1 25.40 4 6 152.40 6 152.40
1 1/2 38.10 1 25.40 4 5 1/4 133.35 5 1/2 139.70 1 1/2 38.10 1 1/8 28.58 4 6 1/2 165.10 6 3/4 171.45
2 50.80 7/8 22.23 8 5 1/2 139.70 5 3/4 146.05 2 50.80 1 25.40 8 6 3/4 171.45 7 177.80
2 1/2 63.50 1 25.40 8 6 1/4 158.75 6 1/4 158.75 2 1/2 63.50 1 1/8 28.58 8 7 3/4 196.85 8 203.20
3 76.20 1 1/8 28.58 8 6 3/4 171.45 7 177.80 3 76.20 1 1/4 31.75 8 8 1/2 215.90 9 228.60
4 101.60 1 1/4 31.75 8 7 1/2 190.50 7 3/4 196.85 4 101.60 1 1/2 38.10 8 9 3/4 247.65 10 1/4 260.35
5 127.00 1 1/2 38.10 8 9 3/4 247.65 9 3/4 247.65 5 127.00 1 3/4 44.45 8 11 3/4 289.45 12 1/4 311.15
6 152.40 1 3/8 34.93 12 10 254.00 10 1/4 260.35 6 152.40 2 50.80 8 13 1/2 342.90 14 355.60
8 203.20 1 5/8 41.28 12 11 1/4 285.75 11 3/4 298.45 8 203.20 2 50.80 12 15 381.00 15 1/2 393.70
10 254.00 1 7/8 47.63 12 13 1/4 336.55 13 1/2 342.90 10 254.00 2 1/2 63.50 12 19 482.60 20 508.00
12 304.80 2 50.80 16 14 3/4 374.65 15 1/4 387.35 12 304.80 2 3/4 69.85 12 21 533.40 22 558.80
14 355.60 2 1/4 57.15 16 16 406.40 16 3/4 425.45
16 406.40 2 1/2 63.50 16 17 1/2 444.50 18 1/2 469.90

18 457.20 2 3/4 69.85 16 19 1/4 488.95 20 1/4 514.35
20 508.00 3 76.20 16 21 533.40 22 1/4 565.15
24 609.60 3 1/2 88.90 16 24 609.60 25 1/2 647.70

STANDARD CAST IRON COMPANION
FLANGES AND BOLTS
(For working pressures up to 125 psi steam, 175 psi WOG)
DIAM OF BOLT NO. OF SIZE LENGTH

SIZE FLANGE CIRCLE BOLTS OF BOLTS OF BOLTS
3/4 3 1/2 2 1/2 4 3/8 1 3/8
1 4 1/4 3 1/8 4 1/2 1 1/2
1 1/4 4 5/8 3 1/2 4 1/2 1 1/2
1 1/2 5 3 7/8 4 1/2 1 3/4
2 6 4 3/4 4 5/8 2
2 1/2 7 5 1/2 4 5/8 2 1/4
3 7 1/2 6 4 5/8 2 1/2
3 1/2 8 1/2 7 8 5/8 2 1/2
4 9 7 1/2 8 5/8 2 3/4
5 10 8 1/2 8 3/4 3
6 11 9 1/2 8 3/4 3
8 13 1/2 11 3/4 8 3/4 3 1/4
10 16 14 1/4 12 7/8 3 1/2
12 19 17 12 7/8 3 3/4
14 21 18 3/4 12 1 4 1/4
16 23 1/2 21 1/4 16 1 4 1/4
EXTRA HEAVY CAST IRON COMPANION

FLANGES AND BOLTS
(For working pressures up to 250 psi steam, 400 psi WOG)
DIAM DIAM NO. DIAM LENGTH

PIPE OF OF BOLT OF OF OF
SIZES FLANGES CIRCLE BOLTS BOLTS BOLTS
1 4 7/8 3 1/2 4 5/8 2 1/4
1 1/4 5 1/4 3 7/8 4 5/8 2 1/2
1 1/2 6 1/8 4 1/2 4 3/4 2 1/2
2 6 1/2 5 8 5/8 2 1/2
2 1/2 7 1/2 5 7/8 8 3/4 3
3 8 1/4 6 5/8 8 3/4 3 1/4
3 1/2 9 7 1/4 8 3/4 3 1/4
4 10 7 7/8 8 3/4 3 1/2
5 11 9 1/4 8 3/4 3 3/4
6 12 1/2 10 5/8 12 3/4 3 3/4
8 15 13 12 7/8 4 1/4
10 17 1/2 15 1/4 16 1 5
12 20 1/2 17 3/4 16 1 1/8 5 1/2
14 O.D. 23 20 1/4 20 1 1/8 5 3/4
16 O.D. 25 1/2 22 1/2 20 1 1/4 6
18 O.D. 28 24 3/4 24 1 1/4 6 1/4
20 O.D. 30 1/2 27 24 1 1/4 6 3/4
24 O.D. 36 32 24 1 1/2 7 1/2
30 O.D. 43 39 1/4 28 1 3/4 8 1/2
36 O.D. 50 46 32 2 9 1/2
42 O.D. 57 52 3/4 36 2 10
48 O.D. 65 60 3/4 40 2 11
31
WAFER BUTTERFLY VALVE STUD
& CAPSCREW SIZES
150 lb. Threaded Lug Type
No. of Capscrew Length of
Valve Size Capscrews Diam. Capscrews
2 4 5/8 1 1/4
2 1/2 4 5/8 1 1/2
3 4 5/8 1 1/2
4 16 5/8 1 3/4
5 16 3/4 1 3/4
6 16 3/4 1 3/4
8 16 3/4 2
10 24 7/8 2 1/4
12 24 7/8 2 1/4
14 24 1 2 1/2
16 32 1 3
18 32 1 1/8 3
20 40 1 1/8 3
150 lb. Wafer Type
Valve Size No. of Studs Stud Diam. Length of Stud
1 4 1/2 3 1/2
1 1/2 4 1/2 4
2 4 5/8 4 1/2
2 1/2 4 5/8 5
3 4 5/8 5 1/2
4 8 5/8 5 1/2
5 8 3/4 6
6 8 3/4 6
8 8 3/4 6 1/2
10 12 7/8 7
12 12 7/8 7 1/2
14 12 1 8
16 16 1 9
18 16 1 1/8 10
20 24 1 1/8 11
24 24 1 1/4 13
30 32 1 1/4 14
36 36 1 1/2 16
42 40 1 1/2 19
48 52 1 1/2 20
32
Pipe Fitting, Flange & Valve Compatibility Chart
This chart shows you how to match up pipe, fittings, flanges and valves
Pipe Weld Fittings Screwed & Socket Fittings Flanges Valves
SA–53 SA–234 WPB SA–105, SA–105–71 SA–105–71, SA–181 Gr.1 or 2 SA–105 SA–216 WCB
SA–106B SA–234 WPB SA–105 Gr. N SA–105 Gr. N SA–181 Gr.1 or 2 SA–105 SA–216 WCB
SA–312 T304* SA–403 WP–304 SA–182 F–304 SA–182 F–304 SA–182 F–304 CF–8
SA–312 T316* SA–403 WP–316 SA–182 F–316 SA–182 F–316 SA–182 F–316 CF8M
SA–333 Gr. 1/6 SA–420 WPL 1 & 6 SA–350 LF 1 & 2 SA–350 LF 1 & 2 SA–350 LF 1 & 2 SA–352 LCB
SA–333 Gr. 3 SA–420 WPL–3 SA–350 LF–3 SA–350 LF–3 SA–350 LF–3 SA–352 LC–3
SA–335 P–1 SA–234 WP–1 SA–182 F–1 SA–182 F–1 SA–217 WC–1 SA–182 F–1
SA–335 P–12 SA–234 WP–12 SA–182 F–12 SA–182 F–12 SA–217 WC–6
SA–335 P–11 SA–234 WP–11 SA–182 F–11 SA–182 F–11 SA–182 F–11 SA–217 WC–6
SA–335 P–22 SA–234 WP–22 SA–182 F–22 SA–182 F–22 SA–182 F–22 SA–217 WC–9
SA–335 P–5 SA–234 WP–5 SA–182 F–5 SA–182 F–5 SA–182 F–5 SA–217 C–5
SA–335 P–7 SA–234 WP–7 SA–182 F–7 SA–182 F–7 SA–182 F–7 SA–217 C–12
SA–335 P–9 SA–234 WP–9 SA–182 F–9 SA–182 F–9 SA–217 C–12
*Note: T–304 and T–316 are available in BLC grade
33
34
FIG, 17-26
Design Properties and Allowable Working Pressures for Piping
ASTM A106, grade B seamless pipe – petroleum refinery piping code
for pressure piping ANSI B31.3-1984–Corrosion allowance=0.05
Nom. Allowable working pressures for temperatures (in °F) not to exceed.
pipe Weight of Wall ID Flow
size Sch. pipe O.D. thk. (d) d5 area -20 to 200 300 400 500 600 700
in. No. lb./ft. in. in. in. sq ft 100
1/2 S40 .851 .840 .109 .622 .0931 .00211 2258 2258 2258 2258 2134 1953 1863
3/4 S40 1.131 1.050 .113 .824 .3799 .00371 1933 1933 1933 1933 1827 1672 1595
X80 1.474 .154 .742 .2249 .00300 3451 3451 3451 3451 3261 2985 2847
1 S40 1.679 1.315 .133 1.049 1.2700 .00600 2103 2103 2103 2103 1988 1819 1735
X80 2.172 .179 .957 .8027 .00499 3468 3468 3468 3468 3277 3000 2861
160 2.844 .250 .815 .3596 .00362 5720 5720 5720 5720 5405 4948 4719
XX 3.659 .358 .599 .0771 .00196 9534 9534 9534 9534 9010 8247 7866
1 1/2 S40 2.718 1.900 .145 1.610 10.820 .01414 1672 1672 1672 1672 1580 1446 1379
X80 3.632 .200 1.500 7.594 .01225 2777 2777 2777 2777 2625 2402 2291
160 4.866 .281 1.338 4.288 .00976 4494 4494 4494 4494 4247 3887 3707
XX 6.049 .400 1.100 1.611 .00660 7228 7228 7228 7228 6831 6253 5963
2 S40 3.653 2.375 .154 2.067 37.72 .02330 1469 1469 1469 1469 1388 1270 1212
X80 5.022 .218 1.939 27.41 .02050 2488 2488 2488 2488 2351 2152 2053
160 7.445 .343 1.687 13.74 .01556 4600 4600 4600 4600 4347 3979 3795
XX 9.030 .436 1.503 7.67 .01232 6284 6284 6284 6284 5939 5436 5185
3 S40 7.58 3.500 .216 3.068 271.80 .05130 1640 1640 1640 1640 1550 1419 1353
X80 10.25 .300 2.900 205.10 .04587 2552 2552 2552 2552 2412 2207 2105
160 14.33 .438 2.624 124.40 .03755 4122 4122 4122 4122 3895 3566 3401
XX 18.58 .600 2.300 64.36 .02885 6089 6089 6089 6089 5754 5267 5024
4 S40 10.79 4.500 .237 4.026 1058.0 .08840 1439 1439 1439 1439 1360 1244 1187
X80 14.99 .337 3.826 819.8 .07986 2275 2275 2275 2275 2150 1968 1877
160 22.51 .531 3.438 480.3 .06447 3978 3978 3978 3978 3760 3441 3282
XX 27.54 .674 3.152 311.1 .05419 5307 5307 5307 5307 5015 4590 4378
6 S40 18.98 6.625 .280 6.065 8206. .2006 1205 1205 1205 1205 1139 1042 994
X80 28.58 .432 5.761 6346. .1810 2062 2062 2062 2062 1948 1783 1701
160 45.30 .718 5.187 3762. .1469 3753 3753 3753 3753 3546 3246 3097
XX 53.17 .864 4.897 2816. .1308 4659 4659 4659 4659 4403 4030 3844
8 S40 28.56 8.625 .322 7.981 32380. .3474 1098 1098 1098 1098 1037 950 906
X80 43.4 .500 7.625 25775. .3171 1864 1864 1864 1864 1761 1612 1537
XX 72.4 .875 6.875 15360. .2578 3554 3554 3554 3554 3359 3074 2932
160 74.7 .906 6.813 14679. .2532 3699 3699 3699 3699 3496 3200 3052
10 S40 40.5 10.750 .365 10.020 101000. .5475 1022 1022 1022 1022 966 884 843
X60 54.7 .500 9.750 88110. .5185 1484 1484 1484 1484 1403 1284 1224
160 115.7 1.125 8.500 44371. .3941 3736 3736 3736 3736 3531 3232 3082
12 S 49.6 12.750 .375 12.000 248800 .7854 888 888 888 888 839 768 732
X 65.4 .500 11.750 223970 .7528 1245 1245 1245 1245 1177 1077 1027
160 160.3 1.312 10.126 106461 .5592 3699 3699 3699 3699 3496 3200 3052
14 10 36.7 14.000 .250 13.500 448400 .9940 486 486 486 486 460 421 401
S30 54.6 .375 13.250 408394 .9575 807 807 807 807 763 698 666
X 72.1 .500 13.000 371290 .9211 1132 1132 1132 1132 1069 979 934
16 10 42.1 16.000 .250 15.500 894660 1.310 425 425 425 425 402 368 351
S30 62.6 .375 15.250 824801 1.268 705 705 705 705 666 609 581
S40 82.8 .500 15.000 759375 1.227 987 987 987 987 933 854 815
18 10 47.4 18.000 .250 17.500 1641309 1.670 377 377 377 377 357 326 311
S 70.6 .375 17.250 1527400 1.622 625 625 625 625 591 541 516
X 93.5 .500 17.000 1419900 1.575 876 876 876 876 828 757 722
20 10 52.7 20.000 .250 19.500 2819500 2.074 339 339 339 339 321 293 280
S20 78.6 .375 19.250 2643352 2.021 562 562 562 562 531 486 464
X30 104.1 .500 19.000 2476099 1.969 787 787 787 787 743 680 649
24 10 63.4 24.000 .250 23.500 7167030 3.012 282 282 282 282 267 244 233
S20 94.6 .375 23.250 6793832 2.948 468 467 467 467 442 404 386
X 125.5 .500 23.000 6436300 2.883 660 654 654 654 618 565 539
Note: The above allowable working pressures are calculated from Fig. 17-23 using a reduction in †m to 87.5% of the wall thickness shown above to recognize mill wall tolerance of 12.5%.
35
COMMERCIAL PIPE SIZES
The following table lists the pipe sizes and wall thicknesses currently
established as standard, or specifically:
1. The traditional standard weight, extra strong, and double extra strong
pipe.
2. The pipe wall thickness schedules listed in American Standard B36.10,
which are applicable to carbon steel.
NOMINAL OUT- NOMINAL WALL

PIPE SIDE SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. STAND-
SIZE DIAM. 5S* 10S* 10 20 30 ARD†
1/8 0.405 – 0.049 – – – 0.068
1/4 0.540 – 0.065 – – – 0.088
3/8 0.675 – 0.065 – – – 0.091
1/2 0.840 0.065 0.083 – – – 0.109
3/4 1.050 0.065 0.083 – – – 0.113
1 1.315 0.065 0.109 – – – 0.133
1 1/4 1.660 0.065 0.109 – – – 0.140
1 1/2 1.900 0.065 0.109 – – – 0.145
2 2.375 0.065 0.109 – – – 0.154
2 1/2 2.875 0.083 0.120 – – – 0.203
3 3.500 0.083 0.120 – – – 0.216
3 1/2 4.000 0.083 0.120 – – – 0.226
4 4.500 0.083 0.120 – – – 0.237
5 5.563 0.109 0.134 – – – 0.258
6 6.625 0.109 0.134 – – – 0.280
8 8.625 0.109 0.148 – 0.250 0.277 0.322
10 10.750 0.134 0.165 – 0.250 0.307 0.365
12 12.750 0.156 0.180 – 0.250 0.330 0.375
14 O.D. 14.000 0.156 0.188 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.375
16 O.D 16.000 0.165 0.188 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.375
18 O.D 18.000 0.165 0.188 0.250 0.312 0.438 0.375
20 O.D 20.000 0.188 0.218 0.250 0.375 0.500 0.375
22 O.D 22.000 0.188 0.218 0.250 0.375 0.500 0.375
24 O.D 24.000 0.218 – 0.250 0.375 0.562 0.375
26 O.D 26.000 – – 0.312 0.500 – 0.375
28 O.D 28.000 – – 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375
30 O.D 30.000 0.250 0.312 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375
32 O.D 32.000 – – 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375
34 O.D 34.000 – – 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375
36 O.D 36.000 – – 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375
42 O.D 42.000 – – – 0.375 – –
All dimensions are given in inches.

The decimal thicknesses listed for the respective pipe sizes represent their nominal
or average wall dimensions. The actual thicknesses may be as much as 12.5% under the
nominal thickness because of mill tolerance. Thicknesses shown in light face for
Schedule 60 and heavier pipe are not currently supplied by the mills, unless a certain
minimum tonnage is ordered.
36
AND WALL THICKNESSES
3. The pipe wall thickness schedules listed in American Standard B36.19,
and ASTM Specification A409, which are applicable only to corrosion
resistant materials. (NOTE: Schedule 10S is also available in carbon steel
in sizes 12" and smaller.)
ASA-B36.10 and B36.19
THICKNESS FOR
SCHED. SCHED. EXTRA SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. SCHED. XX
40 60 STRONG‡ 80 100 120 140 160 STRONG
0.068 – 0.095 0.095 – – – – –
0.088 – 0.119 0.119 – – – – –
0.091 – 0.126 0.126 – – – – –
0.109 – 0.147 0.147 – – – 0.188 0.294
0.113 – 0.154 0.154 – – – 0.219 0.308
0.133 – 0.179 0.179 – – – 0.250 0.358
0.140 – 0.191 0.191 – – – 0.250 0.382
0.145 – 0.200 0.200 – – – 0.281 0.400
0.154 – 0.218 0.218 – – – 0.344 0.436
0.203 – 0.276 0.276 – – – 0.375 0.552
0.216 – 0.300 0.300 – – – 0.438 0.600
0.226 – 0.318 0.318 – – – – –
0.237 – 0.337 0.337 – 0.438 – 0.531 0.674
0.258 – 0.375 0.375 – 0.500 – 0.625 0.750
0.280 – 0.432 0.432 – 0.562 – 0.719 0.864
0.322 0.406 0.500 0.500 0.594 0.719 0.812 0.906 0.875
0.365 0.500 0.500 0.594 0.719 0.844 1.000 1.125 1.000
0.406 0.562 0.500 0.688 0.844 1.000 1.125 1.312 1.000
0.438 0.594 0.500 0.750 0.938 1.094 1.250 1.406 –
0.500 0.656 0.500 0.844 1.031 1.219 1.438 1.594 –
0.562 0.750 0.500 0.938 1.156 1.375 1.562 1.781 –
0.594 0.812 0.500 1.031 1.281 1.500 1.750 1.969 –
– 0.875 0.500 1.125 1.375 1.625 1.875 2.125 –
0.688 0.969 0.500 1.218 1.531 1.812 2.062 2.344 –
– – 0.500 – – – – – –
– – 0.500 – – – – – –
– – 0.500 – – – – – –
0.688 – 0.500 – – – – – –
0.688 – 0.500 – – – – – –
0.750 – 0.500 – – – – – –
– – 0.500 – – – – – –
*Schedule 5S and 10S are available in corrosion resistant materials and Schedule
10S is also available in carbon steel.
†Thicknesses shown in italics are available also in stainless steel, under the designation
Schedule 40S.
‡Thicknesses shown in italics are available also in stainless steel, under the designation
Schedule 80S.
37
38
ASTM CARBON STEEL PIPE AND FLANGE SPECIFICATIONS

(6) Factory-made Wrought Carbon Steel and Ferritic Alloy Steel Welding Fitting Specifications are
(5) When flanges will be subject to fusion welding, the carbon content shall not exceed .35%.
(4) Longitudinal or transverse direction of test specimen with respect to pipe axis.
(3) Seamless: open hearth .048 max, acid bessemar .11 max; Res.-welded open hearth .050 max.
(2) Open hearth, .13 max for 1/8" and 1/4" size resistance welded pipe only.
(1) .10% silicon minimum.
covered under ASTM A234.
tensile properties. The silicon content shall not exceed .35%.

When carbon is restricted to .35% max, it may be necessary to add silicon to meet required
ASTM MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIES CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, %

DESCRIPTION AND
GRADE TENSILE YIELD PT ELONGATION (% IN 2")
APPLICATIONS SPEC
OR STRENGTH OR STRENGTH STD RECTANGULAR C MN P S
NO. ROUND t 5/16" 5/16"
TYPE PSI PSI
Seamless milled steel PIPE for high-temperature (1) 28 long. 17.5+56t 35 .27
service, suitable for bending, flanging and similar .25 .048 .0'58
A 48,000 30,000 or (4) or to
A 106 20 trans. 12.5+40t 25 max .93 max max
forming operations.
As above, except use Grade A for close coiling, cold (1) 22 long 15.0+48t 30 .30 .29
or (4) or to .048 .058
bending or forge welding. A106 B 60,000 35,000 12 trans. 6.5+32t 16.5 max 1.06 max max
Black or hot-dip galv. seamless or res. welded steel
PIPE suitable for coiling, bending, flanging and other A53 A 48,000 30,000 28 17.5+56t 35 (2) – (3) –
special purposes, suitable for welding.
PIPE As above, except use Grade A for close coiling, cold
A53 B 60,000 35,000 22 15.0+48t 30 (2) – (3) –
AND bending or forge welding.
TUBING Black or hot-dip galv. seamless or res. welded steel
PIPE for ordinary uses. (When tension, flattening or A120 – – – – – – – – – –
bend test required, order to A-53).
Resistance welded steel PIPE for liquid, gas or A .050 .060
vapor. A135 48,000 30,000 – 17.5+56t 30 – – max max
As above, except use Grade A for flanging and .050 .060

bending. A135 B 60,000 35,000 – 15.0+48t 30 – – max max
Electric-fusion-welded straight-or spiral-seam PIPE .30 to .040 .050

for liquid, gas or vapor from mill grades of plate. A139 A 48,000 30,000 – 17.5+56t 35 – 1.00 max max
.30 .30 to .040 .050
As above. A139 B 60,000 35,000 – 15.0+48t 30 max 1.00 max max
Forged or rolled steel pipe flanges, fittings (6) valves .90 .050
and parts for high temperature service. Heat A105 I .35 (5) .050
60,000 30,000 25 – – max max
max max
treatment required; may be annealed or normalized.
FORGED .35 (5) .90 .050 .050
As above. A105 II 70,000 36,000 22 – – max max max
PIPE max
FLANGES As above except for general service. Heat treatment A181 I 22 – – .35 (5) .90 .050 .050
is not required. 60,000 30,000 max max max max
As above. A181 II – – .35 (5) .90 .050 .050

70,000 36,000 18 max max max max
STANDARD PIPE DATA
NOMINAL ACTUAL ACTUAL LENGTH IN FEET GALLONS

PIPE INSIDE OUTSIDE WEIGHT CONTAINING IN ONE
DIAM. DIAM. DIAM. PER FOOT ONE CUBIC LINEAL
IN INCHES IN INCHES IN INCHES POUNDS FOOT FOOT
1/8 .269 .405 .244 2526.000 .0030
1/4 .364 .540 .424 1383.800 .0054
3/8 .493 .675 .567 754.360 .0099
1/2 .622 .840 .850 473.910 .0158
3/4 .824 1.050 1.130 270.030 .0277
1 1.049 1.315 1.678 166.620 .0449
1 1/4 1.380 1.660 2.272 96.275 .0777
1 1/2 1.610 1.900 2.717 70.733 .1058
2 2.067 2.375 3.652 49.913 .1743
2 1/2 2.469 2.875 5.793 30.077 .2487
3 3.068 3.500 7.575 19.479 .3840
3 1/2 3.548 4.000 9.109 14.565 .5136
4 4.026 4.500 10.790 11.312 .6613
4 1/2 4.560 5.000 12.538 9.030 .8284
5 5.047 5.563 14.617 7.198 1.0393
6 6.065 6.625 18.974 4.984 1.5008
8 7.981 8.625 28.554 2.878 2.5988
10 10.020 10.750 40.483 1.826 4.0963
BARLOW’S FORMULA
Barlow’s Formula is a safe, easy method for finding the relationship between
internal fluid pressure and stress in the pipe wall. The formula predicts
bursting pressures that have been found to be safely within the actual test
bursting pressures.
It is interesting to note that the formula uses the “outside diameter” of pipe
and is sometimes referred to as the “outside diameter formula.”
P=2XtXS
D
where:
P = internal units pressure, psi
S = unit stress, psi
D = outside diameter of pipe, in.
t = wall thickness, in.
39
PIPE AND WATER WEIGHT PER LINE FOOT
NOM. WEIGHT OF: WEIGHT OF:

PIPE SIZE STD. PIPE WATER XS PIPE WATER
1/2 .851 .132 1.088 .101
3/4 1.131 .231 1.474 .187
1 1.679 .374 2.172 .311
1 1/4 2.273 .648 2.997 .555
1 1/2 2.718 .882 3.632 .765
2 3.653 1.453 5.022 1.278
2 1/2 5.794 2.073 7.662 1.835
3 7.580 3.200 10.250 2.860
3 1/2 9.110 4.280 12.510 3.850
4 10.790 5.510 14.990 4.980
5 14.620 8.660 20.780 7.880
6 18.980 12.510 28.580 11.290
8 28.560 21.680 43.400 19.800
10 40.500 34.100 54.700 32.300
12 49.600 49.000 65.400 47.000
14 54.600 59.700 72.100 57.500
16 62.600 79.100 82.800 76.500
18 70.600 101.200 93.500 98.300
20 78.600 126.000 104.100 122.800
24 94.600 183.800 125.500 179.900
30 118.700 291.000 157.600 286.000
WEIGHT PER FOOT OF

SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER PIPE
NOMINAL REGULAR EXTRA STRONG

PIPE
SIZE YELLOW RED YELLOW RED
BRASS BRASS COPPER BRASS BRASS COPPER
1/2 0.91 0.93 0.96 1.19 1.23 1.25

3/4 1.23 1.27 1.30 1.62 1.67 1.71
1 1.73 1.78 1.82 2.39 2.46 2.51
1 1/4 2.56 2.63 2.69 3.29 3.39 3.46
1 1/2 3.04 3.13 3.20 3.99 4.10 4.19
2 4.01 4.12 4.22 5.51 5.67 5.80
40
HEAT LOSES FROM HORIZONTAL
BARE STEEL PIPE
(BTU per hour per linear foot at 70˚ F room temperature)
NOM. STEAM
PIPE HOT WATER 5 PSIG
SIZE (180˚F) (20 PSIA)
1/2 60 96
3/4 73 118
1 90 144
1 1/4 112 179
1 1/2 126 202
2 155 248
2 1/2 185 296
3 221 355
3 1/2 244 401
4 279 448
TOTAL THERMAL EXPANSION OF PIPING

MATERIAL IN INCHES PER 100 FT. ABOVE 32˚F
TEMPER- CARBON AND BRASS
ATURE CARBON MOLY CAST COPPER AND WROUGHT
˚F STEEL IRON BRONZE IRON
32 0 0 0 0 0
100 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.5
150 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.4 0.9
200 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0 1.3
250 1.7 1.5 2.7 2.6 1.7
300 2.0 1.9 3.3 3.2 2.2
350 2.5 2.3 4.0 3.9 2.6
400 2.9 2.7 4.7 4.6 3.1
450 3.4 3.1 5.3 5.2 3.6
500 3.8 3.5 6.0 5.9 4.1
550 4.3 3.9 6.7 6.5 4.6
600 4.8 4.4 7.4 7.2 5.2
650 5.3 4.8 8.2 7.9 5.6
700 5.9 5.3 9.0 8.5 6.1
750 6.4 5.8 – – 6.7
800 7.0 6.3 – – 7.2
850 7.4 – – – –
900 8.0 – – – –
950 8.5 – – – –
1000 9.1 – – – –
41
Carbon Steel Tubing Data
Steel tubing is called out by outside diameter and wall thickness. For hydraulic
plumbing a low carbon seamless steel tubing should be used which can be bent and
flared without cracking. Order “hydraulic grade” tubing.
Pressure ratings in this table are based on a tubing with tensile strength of 55,000 PSI,
and were calculated by Barlow’s formula: P = 2t x S ÷ O, in which P = burst strength in
PSI, t = wall thickness, S = tensile strength in PSI, and O = outside diameter. This
formula may be used to calculate tubing sizes not listed. All dimensions in the table are
in inches.
For hydraulic plumbing, a safety factor of at least 6 should be used and ratings for
this factor are shown in the table. For pressure rating at other safety factors, take burst
PSI and divide by desired safety factor.
Tube Wall Tube Inside Burst Working Working
O.D. Thick. I.D. Area PSI PSI @ 6 * PSI @ 8 **
1/8 .028 .069 .00373 24,640 4107 3080
.032 .061 .00292 28,160 4693 3520
.035 .055 .00237 30,800 5133 3850
3/16 .032 .1235 .01197 18,773 3130 2347
.035 .1175 .01084 20,533 3422 2567
1/4 .035 .180 .02543 15,400 2567 1925
.042 .166 .02163 18,480 3080 2310
.049 .152 .01814 21,560 3593 2695
.058 .134 .01410 25,520 4253 3190
.065 .120 .01130 28,600 4767 3575
5/16 .035 .2425 .04616 12,320 2053 1540
.042 .2285 .04099 14,784 2464 1848
.049 .2145 .03612 17,248 2875 2156
.058 .1965 .03031 20,416 3403 2552
.065 .1825 .02615 22,880 3813 2860
3/8 .035 .305 .07302 10,267 1711 1283
.042 .291 .06647 12,320 2053 1540
.049 .277 .06023 14,373 2396 1797
.058 .259 .05266 17,013 2835 2127
.065 .245 .04712 19,067 3178 2383
1/2 .035 .430 .14515 7700 1283 963
.042 .416 .13585 9240 1540 1155
.049 .402 .12686 10,780 1797 1348
.058 .384 .11575 12,760 2127 1595
.065 .370 .10747 14,300 2383 1788
.072 .356 .09949 15,840 2640 1980
.083 .334 .08757 18,260 3043 2283
5/8 .035 .555 .24180 6160 1027 770
.042 .541 .22975 7392 1232 924
.049 .527 .21802 8624 1437 1078
.058 .509 .20338 10,208 1701 1276
.065 .495 .19234 11,440 1907 1430
.072 .481 .18162 12,672 2112 1584
.083 .459 .16538 14,608 2435 1826
.095 .435 .14854 16,720 2787 2090
3/4 .049 .652 .33371 7187 1198 898
.058 .634 .31554 8507 1418 1063
.065 .620 .30175 9533 1589 1192
.072 .606 .28128 10,560 1760 1320
.083 .584 .26773 12,173 2029 1522
.095 .560 .24618 13,933 2322 1742
.109 .532 .22217 15,987 2664 1998
7/8 .049 .777 .47393 6160 1027 770
.058 .759 .45222 7291 1215 911
.065 .745 .43569 8171 1362 1021
.072 .731 .41947 9051 1509 1131
.083 .709 .39460 10,434 1739 1304
.095 .685 .36834 11,943 1990 1493
.109 .657 .33884 13,703 2284 1713
1 .049 .902 .63868 5390 898 674
.058 .884 .61344 6380 1063 798
.065 .870 .59417 7150 1192 894
.072 .856 .57520 7920 1320 990
.083 .834 .54601 9130 1522 1141
.095 .810 .51504 10,450 1742 1306
.109 .782 .48005 11,990 1998 1500
.120 .760 .45342 13,200 2200 1650
*Safety factor of 6. **Safety factor of 8. Table continued on next page.
42
THIS TABLE IS CONTINUED FROM THE PRECEDING PAGE

1 1/4 .049 1.152 1.0418 4312 719 539
.058 1.134 1.0095 5104 851 638
.065 1.120 .98470 5720 953 715
.072 1.106 .96024 6336 1056 792
.083 1.084 .92242 7304 1217 913
.095 1.060 .88203 8360 1393 1045
.109 1.032 .83604 9592 1600 1200
.120 1.010 .80078 10,560 1760 1320
1 1/2 .065 1.370 1.4734 4767 794 596
.072 1.356 1.4434 5280 880 660
.083 1.334 1.3970 6087 1014 761
.095 1.310 1.3471 6967 1161 871
.109 1.282 1.2902 7993 1332 1000
.120 1.260 1.2463 8800 1467 1100
1 3/4 .065 1.620 2.0602 4086 681 511
.072 1.606 2.0247 4526 754 566
.083 1.584 1.9696 5217 870 652
.095 1.560 1.9104 5971 995 746
.109 1.532 1.8424 6851 1142 856
.120 1.510 1.7899 7543 1257 943
.134 1.482 1.7241 8423 1404 1053
2 .065 1.870 2.7451 3575 596 447
.072 1.856 2.7041 3960 660 495
.083 1.834 2.6404 4565 761 571
.095 1.810 2.5717 5225 871 653
.109 1.782 2.4928 5995 1000 749
.120 1.760 2.4316 6600 1100 825
.134 1.732 2.3549 7370 1228 921
Copper Tubing Data

Burst pressures are calculated by Barlow’s formula: P = 2t x S ÷ O, in which P is
burst pressure PSI, t is tubing wall thickness, S is ultimate strength of material (32,000
PSI for copper); O is outside diameter of tubing.

1/4 .030† .190 .02834 7680 1280 960
.049 .152 .01814 12,544 2090 1568
5/16 .032† .249 .04848 6554 1092 819
.049 .215 .03612 10,035 1673 1254
3/8 .032† .311 .07593 5461 910 683
.058 .259 .05266 9889 1650 1237
.072 .231 .04189 12,288 2048 1536
1/2 .032† .436 .14922 4096 683 512
.049 .402 .12686 6272 1045 784
.058 .384 .11575 7424 1237 928
.072 .356 .09949 5376 896 672
5/8 .035† .555 .24180 3584 597 448
.049 .527 .21801 5018 836 627
.065 .495 .19234 6656 1109 832
3/4 .035† .680 .36298 2987 498 373
.049 .652 .33371 4181 697 523
.065 .620 .30175 5547 924 693
7/8 .045† .785 .48374 3291 549 411
.065 .745 .43570 4754 792 594
1 .065 .870 .59417 4160 693 520
1 1/8 .050† 1.025 .82474 2844 474 356
1 1/4 .083 1.084 .92242 4250 708 531
1 3/8 .055† 1.265 1.2562 2560 427 320
*Safety factor of 6:1. **Safety factor of 8:1.

†These are standard refrigeration sizes available at all mill supply houses.
43
Stainless Steel Tubing Data
Stainless steel tubing is sometimes employed either to handle corrosive fluids or
higher pressures. If assembled with flare-type fittings, great care must be used not to
crack the tubing while flaring.
Pressure ratings are based on an ultimate strength of 75,000 PSI, typical of Types
302, 303, 304, 309, 310, 316, 321 and 416. Types 202 and 440C have 100,000 PSI while
Types 410 and 430 have only 60,000 PSI ultimate.
In hydraulic systems a safety factor of at least 6 should be used if there is likely to be
any shock in the system. To calculate working pressure at any safety factor, take burst
strength and divide by desired safety factor.
Pressure ratings were calculated by Barlow’s formula: P = 2t x S ÷ O, in which P is
burst pressure in PSI, t is wall thickness, S is ultimate strength of tube material in PSI, O
is tube O.D. All dimensions are in inches.
1/8 .032 .061 .00292 38,400 6400 4800
3/16 .032 .124 .01197 25,600 4267 3200
.035 .118 .01084 28,000 4667 3500
1/4 .035 .180 .02543 21,000 3500 2625
.049 .152 .01814 29,400 4900 3675
5/16 .035 .243 .04616 16,800 2800 1000
.049 .215 .03612 23,520 3920 2940
.058 .197 .03031 27,840 4640 3480
3/8 .035 .305 .07302 14,000 2333 1750
.049 .277 .06023 19,600 3267 2456
.058 .259 .05266 23,200 3867 2900
.065 .245 .04712 26,000 4333 3250
1/2 .035 .430 .14515 10,500 1750 1313
.049 .402 .12686 14,700 2450 1842
.058 .384 .11575 17,400 2900 2175
.065 .370 .10747 19,500 3250 2438
.072 .356 .09949 21,600 3600 2700
.083 .334 .08757 24,900 4150 3113
5/8 .049 .527 .21802 11,760 1960 1470
.058 .509 .20338 13,920 2320 1740
.065 .495 .19234 15,600 2600 1950
.072 .481 .18162 17,280 2880 2160
.083 .459 .16538 19,920 3320 2490
.095 .435 .14854 22,800 3800 2850
3/4 .049 .652 .33371 9800 1633 1225
.058 .634 .31554 11,600 1933 1450
.065 .620 .30175 13,000 2167 1625
.072 .606 .28828 14,400 2400 1800
.083 .584 .26773 16,600 2767 2075
.095 .560 .24618 19,000 3167 2375
7/8 .049 .777 .47393 8400 1400 1050
.058 .759 .45222 9943 1657 1243
.065 .745 .43569 11,143 1857 1393
.072 .731 .41947 12,343 2057 1543
.083 .709 .39460 14,229 2371 1779
.095 .685 .36834 18,153 3025 2269
.109 .657 .33884 18,686 3114 2336
1 .049 .902 .63868 7350 1225 919
.058 .884 .61344 8700 1450 1088
.065 .870 .59417 9750 1625 1219
.072 .856 .57520 10,800 1800 1350
.083 .834 .54601 12,450 2075 1556
.095 .810 .51504 14,250 2375 1781
.109 .782 .48005 16,350 2725 2044
1 1/4 .083 1.084 .92242 9960 1660 1245
.095 1.060 .88203 11,400 1900 1425
.109 1.032 .83604 13,080 2180 1635
.120 1.010 .80078 14,400 2400 1800
1 1/2 .095 1.310 1.3471 9500 1583 1188
.109 1.282 1.2902 10,900 1817 1363
.120 1.260 1.2463 12,000 2000 1500
.134 1.232 1.1915 13,400 2233 1675
*Safety factor of 6:1 **Safety factor of 8:1
44
Face-to-Face and End-to-End
Dimensions of Ferrous Valves
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS OF
FERROUS VALVES ANSI B 16 10–1973
2.0 SIZE 5.0 APPLYING OTHER STANDARD OR
2.1 The size of the valves in the following tables SPECIAL FACINGS*
is indicated by the corresponding “normal valve 5.1 The basic flange-edge to flange-edge
size”. Ventun valves have a size designation using dimension is the distance between the surfaces
normal valve sizes for each end with a normal seat from which the basic flange thickness is
port for a third size in between the two end sizes. determined.
3.0 FACE-TO-FACE DIMENSIONS FOR 5.2 Ring Joints. The “X” dimensions given in
REGULAR STANDARD FACINGS* Table 8 include the depth of grooves which are
3.1 The face-to-face dimension for flanged added to the basic flange-edge to flange-edge
valves is the distance between the faces of the dimensions to establish the face-to-face
connecting end flanges upon which the gaskets are dimension. For approximate distances between
actually compressed. This is sometimes called flanges with ring joints when rings are
“contact surface-to-contact surface dimension”. compressed, see dimension “S”, Table 8. For
calculating the “laying length” of valves with ring
Dimensions for angle valves are center-to- joints, the “S” dimension given in Table 8 must be
face which is the distance between the centerline added.
of the port to the face of the connecting end flange
upon which the gasket is actually compressed. 5.3 When it is desired to provide for a special
This is sometimes called “center-to-contact surface facing on a flanged valve, the basic flange-edge to
dimension”. flange-edge dimensions must be determined and
facing height or depth added to it to establish the
3.2 Flanges for cast-iron Class 125 valves are new face-to-face.
plain flat faced.
When a special facing is applied to a valve
The flanges of cast-iron Class 250 and steel having a plain face, or a 1/16 in. raised face, no
Class 150 and 300 valves have 1/16 in. raised deductions are made from the dimensions in the
faces, which are included in the face-to-face tables. The additions for the special facing are
dimensions. When Class 150 and 300 valves are applied directly to the table dimensions. 1/16 in.
required with plain faces, either the full thickness raised faces are cut from the basic flange thickness
of flange or the thickness with 1/16 in. raised face and, therefore, face-to-face and basic flange-edge
removed may be furnished unless otherwise to flange-edge is the same dimension.
specified by the customer. Users are reminded that
removing the 1/16 in. raised faces will make the When a special facing is applied to a valve
face-to-face dimensions nonstandard. having 1/4 in. raised face, the height of the two
raised faces (1/2 in.) must be deducted from the
The flanges of cast-iron Class 800 hydraulic dimensions given in the tables. The additions for
and steel Class 400 and higher pressure valves the special facing are added to this dimension
have 1/4 in. raised faces which are included in the (basic flange-edge to flange-edge), to determine
face-to-face dimensions. the new face-to-face dimension.
4.0 END-TO-END DIMENSIONS** 6.0 TOLERANCE
4.1 The end-to-end dimension for buttwelding 6.1 A plus or minus tolerance of 1/16 in. shall be
end steel valves is the distance between the root allowed on all face-to-face and end-to-end
faces of the welding lips. dimensions of valves 10 in. and smaller and a plus
4.2 The end-to-end dimensions of bolted bonnet or minus tolerance of 1/8 in. for sizes 12 in. and
welding end steel valves, except Class 150 gate larger.
valves, Class 300 plug valves, Class 400 and 600 6.2 The tolerances on center-to-face dimensions
round port full bore plug valves, and control of angle valves are one-half (1/2) of those listed in
valves are the same as the face-to-face dimensions Par. 6.1.
given for flanged end raised face steel valves.
Pressure seal or flangeless bonnet welding end
valves may be made to these dimensions or have ____________
shorter end-to-end dimensions as given in Tables *See Fig 1.
4, 5, 6, and 7 at manufacturer’s option. **See Fig 2.
45
* Example of Special Facing
A 10” Class 900 steel gate valve is desired with a recessed bevel 3/8”
deep to accommodate a lens gasket.
From Table 5 Column 2 is found the face-to-face dimension of 33” for a

10” Class 900 gate valve having regular stock facing of 1/4” raised face.
In accordance with Paragraph 5, the 1/4” is deducted from both flanges,

resulting in a basic flange-edge to flange-edge dimension of 32 1/2”.
The 3/8” deep recessed bevel is added for each flange to the basic flange-
edge to flange-edge dimension resulting in a new face-to-face dimension of
33 1/4”.
SPECIAL FACINGS (SEE PARAGRAPH 5)
BASIC FLANGE-EDGE TO FLANGE-EDGE
FACE-TO-FACE* DIMENSION
ADDED THICKNESS TO BE
SUCH THAT SPECIAL FACING
WILL NOT CUT INTO THE
MINIMUM FLANGE THICKNESS
1/4" REGULAR 1/4" REGULAR

STANDARD TABLE 3 COLUMN 2 STANDARD
33"
FACING FACING
BASIC FLANGE-EDGE TO FLANGE-EDGE
32 1/2"
(SEE PARAGRAPH 5)
3/8" FOR LENS 3/8" FOR LENS

RECESS RECESS
NEW FACE-TO-FACE
33 1/4"
FIG. 1 – (Concluded)
ROOT FACE ROOT FACE
END-TO-END DIMENSION END-TO-END DIMENSION
(a) Plain Bevel (b) Compound Bevel
FIG. 2 – Welding Ends and Their Application
46
TABLE 11 CLASSES 150 TO
2500 STEEL VALVES HAVING
END FLANGES WITH
RING JOINT FACINGS,
Note:
RF Face to Face Dimension + X = RTJ Flanged Face to Face Dimension END-TO-END DIMENSIONS
90 Deg Pattern Valve Add 1/2 Value of X + Face to Face = RTJ Face to Face
Nom. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Valve Class 150 Class 300 Class 400 Class 600 Class 900 Class 1500 Class 2500
Size
NPS. X S X S X S X S X S X S X S
1/2 – – 0.44 0.12 –0.06 (3) 0.12 –0.06 (3) 0.12 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16
3/4 – – 0.50 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16
1 0.50 0.16 0.50 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16
1 1/4 0.50 0.16 0.50 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0.12 0.12
1 1/2 0.50 0.16 0.50 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0 0.16 0.12 0.12
2 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12
2 1/2 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.25 0.12
3 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.25 0.12
4 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.38 0.16
5 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.50 0.16
6 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.25 0.12 0.50 0.16
8 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.38 0.16 0.62 0.19
10 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.38 0.16 0.88 0.25
12 0.50 0.16 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.12 0.16 0.62 0.19 0.88 0.31
14 0.50 0.12 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.38 0.16 0.75 0.22 – –
16 0.50 0.12 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.38 0.16 0.88 0.31 – –
18 0.50 0.12 0.62 0.22 0.12 0.22 0.12 0.19 0.50 0.19 0.88 0.31 – –
20 0.50 0.12 0.75 0.22 0.25 0.22 0.25 0.19 0.50 0.19 0.88 0.38 – –
22 0.50 (1) 0.12 (2) 0.88 (1) 0.25 0.38 (1) 0.25 0.38 (1) 0.22 – – – – – –
24 0.50 0.12 0.88 0.25 0.38 0.25 0.38 0.22 0.75 0.22 1.12 0.44 – –
47
TABLE 1 CLASS 125 CAST IRON FLANGED AND CLASS 150 STEEL FLANGED AND
BUTTWELDING END VALVES, FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Class 125 Cast Iron Class 150 Steel
Flanged End (0.06 in. Raised Face)
Flanged End (Flat Face) and Welding End
Plug Gate Plug
Globe,
Gate, Lift Solid
Solid Check, Solid Wedge,
Wedge, Regular Round and Angle Wedge, Double
Nom. and and Port, Swing and and Disc,
Valve Double Short Venturi Full Check, Lift Double and Short
Size, Disc, Pattern Pattern Bore (1) Check, Disc, Conduit Conduit Pattern
NPS A A A A A D A A B A
1/4 – – – – – – 4.00 – 4.00 –
3/8 – – – – – – 4.00 – 4.00 –
1/2 – – – – – – 4.25 – 4.25 –
3/4 – – – – – – 4.62 – 4.62 –
1 – 5.50 5.50 (3) 5.50 – – 5.00 – 5.00 5.50
1 1/4 – – 6.50 (3) 6.00 – – 5.50 – 5.50 –

1 1/2 – 6.50 6.50 (3) 6.50 – – 6.50 – 6.50 6.50
2 7.00 7.00 7.50 (3) 7.50 8.00 4.00 7.00 7.00 8.50 7.00
2 1/2 7.50 7.50 8.25 (3) 8.25 8.50 4.25 7.50 7.50 9.50 7.50
3 8.00 8.00 9.00 (3) 9.00 9.50 4.75 8.00 8.00 11.12 8.00
4 9.00 9.00 9.00 (3) 12.00 11.50 5.75 9.00 9.00 12.00 9.00
5 10.00 10.00 14.00 (3) 15.00 13.00 6.50 10.00 – 15.00 10.00
6 10.50 10.50 15.50 18.00 14.00 7.00 10.50 10.50 15.88 10.50
8 11.50 11.50 18.00 22.00 19.50 9.75 11.50 11.50 16.50 11.50
10 13.00 13.00 21.00 26.00 24.50 12.25 13.00 13.00 18.00 13.00
12 14.00 14.00 24.00 30.00 27.50 13.75 14.00 14.00 19.75 14.00
14 15.00 (2) – 27.00 – 31.00 15.50 15.00 15.00 22.50 –
16 16.00 (2) – 30.00 – 36.00 (5) 18.00 16.00 16.00 24.00 –
18 17.00 (2) – 34.00 – – – 17.00 17.00 26.00 –
20 18.00 (2) – 36.00 – – – 18.00 18.00 28.00 –
22 – – – – – – – 20.00 30.00 –
24 20.00 (2) – 42.00 (4) – – – 20.00 20.00 32.00 –
26 – – – – – – 22.00 22.00 34.00 (6) –
28 – – – – – – 24.00 24.00 36.00 (6) –
30 – – 51.00 (4) – – – 24.00 26.00 36.00 (6) –
32 – – – – – – – 28.00 38.00 (6) –
34 – – – – – – – 30.00 40.00 (6) 40.00
36 – – 63.00 (4) – – – 28.00 32.00 40.00 (6) –
48
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Class 150 Steel
Flanged End (0.06 in. Raised Face)
and Welding End Flanged End Welding End
Plug Ball
Globe,
Lift
Check,
Short Round and Angle Y-Globe
Nom. and Port, Swing and and
Valve Regular Regular Venturi Full Check Lift Y-Swing Long Short Long Short
Size, Pattern Pattern Pattern Bore (1) Check, Check, Pattern Pattern Pattern Pattern
NPS A B A A A and B D and E A and B A A B B
1/4 – – – – 4.00 2.00 – – – – –
3/8 – – – – 4.00 2.00 – – – – –
1/2 – – – – 4.25 2.25 5.50 4.25 4.25 – 5.50
3/4 – – – – 4.62 2.50 6.00 4.62 4.62 – 6.00
1 – – – 7.00 5.00 2.75 6.50 5.00 5.00 – 6.50
1 1/4 – – – – 5.50 3.00 7.25 5.50 5.50 – 7.00
1 1/2 – – – 8.75 6.50 3.25 8.00 6.50 6.50 7.50 7.50
2 – 10.50 7.00 10.50 8.00 4.00 9.00 7.00 7.00 8.50 8.50
2 1/2 – 12.00 – 11.75 8.50 4.25 11.00 7.50 7.50 9.50 9.50
3 – 13.00 8.00 13.50 9.50 4.75 12.50 8.00 8.00 11.12 11.12
4 12.00 14.00 9.00 17.00 11.50 5.75 14.50 9.00 9.00 12.00 12.00
5 15.00 15.00 – – 14.00 (7) 7.00 – – – – –
6 15.50 18.00 15.50 – 16.00 (7) 8.00 18.50 15.50 10.50 18.00 15.88
8 18.00 20.50 18.00 – 19.50 9.75 23.50 18.00 11.50 20.50 16.50
10 21.00 22.00 21.00 – 24.50 12.25 26.00 21.00 13.00 22.00 18.00
12 24.00 25.00 24.00 – 27.50 13.75 30.50 24.00 14.00 25.00 19.75
14 27.00 – 27.00 – 31.00 15.50 – 27.00 15.00 30.00 22.50
16 30.00 – 30.00 – 36.00 (8) 18.00 – 30.00 16.00 33.00 24.00
18 34.00 – 34.00 – 38.50 (9) – – 34.00 – 36.00 26.00
20 36.00 – 36.00 – 38.50 (9) – – 36.00 – 39.00 28.00
22 – – – – 42.00 (9) – – – – 43.00 –

24 42.00 – 42.00 – 51.00 (9) – – 42.00 – 45.00 32.00
26 – – – – 51.00 (9) – – – – 49.00 –
28 – – – – 57.00 (9) – – – – 53.00 –
30 – – – – 60.00 (9) – – – – 55.00 –
32 – – – – – – – – – 60.00 –
34 – – – – – – – – – 64.00 –
36 – – – – 77.00 (9) – – – – 68.00 –
49
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Flanged End (0.06 in. Raised Face) Flanged and Welding End
Plug Ball
Gate, Globe,
Solid Lift
Wedge, Check, Angle
Nom. and and and
Valve Double Short Regular Venturi Swing Lift Long Short Long
Size, Disc, Pattern Pattern Pattern Check, Check, Pattern Pattern Pattern
NPS A A A A A D A A and B A
1/2 – – – – – – 5.50 5.50 –
3/4 – – – – – – 6.00 6.00 –
1 – – 6.25 – – – 6.50 6.50 –
1 1/4 – – – – – – 7.00 7.00 –
1 1/2 – – 7.50 – – – 7.50 7.50 7.50
2 8.50 7.25 8.50 – 10.50 5.25 8.50 8.50 8.50

2 1/2 9.50 8.00 9.50 – 11.50 5.75 9.50 9.50 9.50
3 11.12 9.25 11.12 – 12.50 6.25 11.12 11.12 11.12
4 12.00 10.50 12.00 – 14.00 7.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
5 15.00 – 15.25 – 15.75 7.88 – – –
6 15.88 14.88 16.75 15.88 17.50 8.75 15.88 15.88 18.00

8 16.50 – 19.75 16.50 21.00 10.50 19.75 16.50 20.50
10 18.00 22.38 23.50 18.00 24.50 12.25 22.38 18.00 22.00
12 19.75 25.50 28.00 19.75 28.00 14.00 25.50 19.75 25.00
14 22.50 – – 30.00 – – 30.00 22.50 30.00
16 24.00 – – 33.00 – – 33.00 24.00 33.00
18 26.00 – – 36.00 – – 36.00 26.00 36.00
20 28.00 – – 39.00 – – 39.00 28.00 39.00
22 – – – 44.00 – – 43.00 – 43.00
24 31.00 – – 45.00 – – 45.00 32.00 45.00
26 – – – – – – 49.00 – 49.00
28 – – – – – – 53.00 – 53.00
30 – – – – – – 55.00 – 55.00
32 – – – – – – 60.00 – 60.00
34 – – – – – – 64.00 – 64.00
36 – – – – – – 68.00 – 68.00
50
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Class 300 Steel
Flanged End (0.06 in. Raised Face) and Welding End
Gate, Plug
Solid
Wedge,
Double Short Short Round Globe, Angle
Nom. Disc, and and Port, and and
Valve and Venturi Venturi Regular Full Lift Lift Swing
Size, Conduit, Pattern Pattern Pattern Bore Check, Check, Check,
NPS A and B A A A A and B A and B D and E A and B
1/2 5.50 (1) – – – – 6.00 3.00 –
3/4 6.00 (1) – – – – 7.00 3.50 –
1 6.50 (1) 6.25 (2) – – 7.50 8.00 4.00 8.50
1 1/4 7.00 (1) – – – – 8.50 4.25 9.00
1 1/2 7.50 7.50 (2) – – 9.50 9.00 4.50 9.50
2 8.50 8.50 10.50 (2) – 11.12 10.50 5.25 10.50
2 1/2 9.50 9.50 12.00 (2) – 13.00 11.50 5.75 11.50
3 11.12 11.12 13.00 (2) – 15.25 12.50 6.25 12.50
4 12.00 12.00 14.00 (2) – 18.00 14.00 7.00 14.00
5 15.00 – – – – 15.75 7.88 15.75
6 15.88 15.88 18.00 15.88 22.00 17.50 8.75 17.50
8 16.50 16.50 20.50 19.75 27.00 22.00 11.00 21.00
10 18.00 18.00 22.00 22.38 32.50 24.50 12.25 24.50
12 19.75 19.75 25.00 28.00 38.00 28.00 14.00 28.00
14 30.00 30.00 (3) 30.00 (3) 30.00 – – – 33.00
16 33.00 33.00 (3) 33.00 (3) 33.00 – – – 34.00
18 36.00 36.00 (3) 36.00 (3) 36.00 – – – 38.50
20 39.00 39.00 (3) 39.00 (3) 39.00 – – – 40.00
22 43.00 43.00 (3) 43.00 (3) 43.00 – – – 44.00
24 45.00 45.00 (3) 45.00 (3) 45.00 – – – 53.00
26 49.00 49.00 (3) 49.00 (3) 49.00 – – – 53.00

28 53.00 53.00 (3) 53.00 (3) 53.00 – – – 59.00
30 55.00 55.00 (3) 55.00 (3) 55.00 – – – 62.75
32 60.00 60.00 (3) 60.00 (3) 60.00 – – – –
34 64.00 64.00 (3) 64.00 (3) 64.00 – – – –
36 68.00 68.00 (3) 68.00 (3) 68.00 – – – 82.00
51
52
TABLE 4 CLASS 800 CAST IRON FLANGED

AND CLASS 600 STEEL FLANGED
AND BUTTWELDING END VALVES,
FACE-TO-FACE AND
END-TO-END DIMENSIONS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Flanged End Flanged End (0.25 in. Raised Face) and Welding End
(0.25 in. Raised Face) Ball Gate Plug Globe,
Solid Globe, Lift Check, Angle
Gate, Wedge, Lift Check, and Angle and
Solid Double and Swing and Lift
Wedge Disc, and Regular Round Round Swing Check, Lift Check,
Nom. and Conduit, Short and Bore, Bore, Check, Short Check, Short
Valve Double Swing Long Long Pattern Venturi Full Full Long Pattern Long Pattern
Size, Disc Plug Check Pattern Pattern (1) Pattern Port Port Pattern (1) Pattern (1)
NPS A A A A and B A and B B A and B A B A and B B D and E E
1/2 – – – 6.50 6.50 (2) – – – – 6.50 – 3.25 –
3/4 – – – 7.50 7.50 (2) – – – – 7.50 – 3.75 –
1 – – – 8.50 8.50 5.25 8.50 (4) 10.00 – 8.50 5.25 4.25 –
1 1/4 – – – 9.00 9.00 5.75 9.00 (4) – – 9.00 5.75 4.50 –
1 1/2 – – – 9.50 9.50 6.00 9.50 12.50 – 9.50 6.00 4.75 –
2 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 7.00 11.50 13.00 – 11.50 7.00 5.75 4.25
2 1/2 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 8.50 13.00 15.00 – 13.00 8.50 6.50 5.00
3 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00 10.00 14.00 17.50 – 14.00 10.00 7.00 6.00
4 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 12.00 17.00 20.00 22.00 17.00 12.00 8.50 7.00
5 – – – – 20.00 15.00 – – – 20.00 15.00 10.00 8.50
TABLE 4 CLASS 800 CAST IRON FLANGED AND CLASS 600 STEEL FLANGED
AND BUTTWELDING END VALVES, FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Flanged End Flanged End (0.25 in. Raised Face) and Welding End
(0.25 in. Raised Face) Ball Gate Plug Globe,
Solid Globe, Lift Check, Angle
Gate, Wedge, Lift Check, and Angle and
Solid Double and Swing and Lift
Wedge Disc, and Regular Round Round Swing Check, Lift Check,
Nom. and Conduit, Short and Bore, Bore, Check, Short Check, Short
Valve Double Swing Long Long Pattern Venturi Full Full Long Pattern Long Pattern
Size, Disc Plug Check Pattern Pattern (1) Pattern Port Port Pattern (1) Pattern (1)
NPS A A A A and B A and B B A and B A B A and B B D and E E
6 22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 18.00 22.00 26.00 28.00 22.00 18.00 11.00 10.00
8 26.00 26.00 26.00 26.00 26.00 23.00 26.00 31.25 33.25 26.00 23.00 13.00 –
10 31.00 31.00 31.00 31.00 31.00 28.00 31.00 37.00 40.00 31.00 28.00 15.50 –
12 33.00 33.00 33.00 33.00 33.00 32.00 33.00 42.00 42.00 33.00 32.00 16.50 –
14 – – – 35.00 35.00 35.00 35.00 – – 35.00 (6) – – –
16 – – – 39.00 39.00 39.00 39.00 – – 39.00 (6) GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Dimensions are in inches
18 – – – 43.00 43.00 43.00 43.00 (5) – – 43.00 (6) (b) See Table 10 for adjustments to tabulated
20 – – – 47.00 47.00 47.00 47.00 (5) – – 47.00 (6) dimensions which may be required for
22 – – – 51.00 51.00 – 51.00 (5) – – 51.00 (6) certain flange fittings.
NOTES:
24 – – – 55.00 55.00 55.00 55.00 (2) – – 55.00 (6) (1) These dimensions apply to pressure seal or
flangeless bonnet valves. They may be
26 – – – 57.00 57.00 – 57.00 (5) – – 57.00 (6) applied at the manufacturer’s option to
28 – – – 61.00 61.00 – – – – 63.00 (6) valves with flanged bonnets.
30 – – – 65.00 65.00 – 65.00 (5) – – 65.00 (6) (2) Solid wedge only
(3) Double disc and conduit only.
32 – – – 70.00 70.00 (3) – 70.00 (5) – – – (4) Regular pattern only.
34 – – – 76.00 76.00 (3) – 76.00 (5) – – – (5) Venturi pattern only.
36 – – – 82.00 82.00 (3) – 82.00 (5) – – 82.00 (6)
53
(6) Swing check only.

TABLE 5 CLASS 900 STEEL FLANGED AND BUTTWELDING END VALVES,
FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Class 900 Steel Valves
Gate Plug Globe, Ball
Solid Globe, Lift
Wedge, Lift Check, Angle
Double Check, and Angle and
Disc, and Swing and Lift
and Regular Round Swing Check, Lift Check,
Nom. Conduit, Short and Port, Check, Short Check, Short
Valve Long Pattern Venturi Full Long Pattern Long Pattern Long
Size, Pattern (1) Pattern Bore Pattern (1) Pattern (1) Pattern
NPS A and B B A and B A A and B B D and E E Aand B
3/4 (2) – – – – 9.00 – 4.50 – –
1 (2) 10.00 (3) 5.50 10.00 (4) – 10.00 – 5.00 – 10.00
1 1/4 (2) 11.00 (3) 6.50 11.00 (4) – 11.00 – 5.50 – 11.00
1 1/2 (2) 12.00 (3) 7.00 12.00 (4) 14.00 12.00 – 6.00 – 12.00
2 (2) 14.50 8.50 14.50 (4) 15.00 14.50 – 7.25 – 14.50
2 1/2 (2) 16.50 10.00 16.50 (4) 17.00 16.50 10.00 8.25 – 16.50
3 15.00 12.00 15.00 (4) 18.50 15.00 12.00 7.50 6.00 15.00
4 18.00 14.00 18.00 (5) 22.00 18.00 14.00 9.00 7.00 18.00
5 22.00 17.00 – – 22.00 17.00 11.00 8.50 –
6 24.00 20.00 24.00 29.00 24.00 20.00 12.00 10.00 24.00
8 29.00 26.00 29.00 32.00 29.00 26.00 14.50 13.00 29.00

10 33.00 31.00 33.00 38.00 33.00 31.00 16.50 15.50 33.00
12 38.00 36.00 38.00 44.00 38.00 36.00 19.00 18.00 38.00
14 40.50 39.00 – – 40.50 39.00 20.25 19.50 40.50
16 44.50 43.00 44.50 (5) – 44.50 (6) 43.00 26.00 – 44.50
18 48.00 – – – 48.00 (6) – 29.00 – 48.00

20 52.00 – 52.00 (5) – 52.00 (6) – 32.50 – 52.00
22 – – – – – – – – –
24 60.00 – – – 61.00 (6) – 39.00 – 61.00
54
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Class 1500 Steel
Gate Plug Globe, Ball
Globe, Lift Check,
Solid Lift Check, and Angle
Wedge, and Swing and
Double Regular Round Swing Check, Lift
Nom. Disc Short and Port, Check, Short Check,
Valve and Pattern Venturi Full Long Pattern Long Long
Size, Conduit (1) Pattern Bore Pattern (1) Pattern Pattern
NPS A and B B A and B A A and B B D and E A and B
1/2 – – – – 8.50 (5) – 4.25 –
3/4 – – – – 9.00 – 4.50 –
1 10.00 (2) 5.50 10.00 (3) – 10.00 – 5.00 –
1 1/4 11.00 (2) 6.50 11.00 (3) – 11.00 – 5.50 –
1 1/2 12.00 (2) 7..00 12.00 (3) – 12.00 – 6.00 –
2 14.50 8.50 14.50 (3) 15.38 14.50 8.50 7.25 14.50
2 1/2 16.50 10.00 16.50 (3) 17.88 16.50 10.00 8.25 16.50
3 18.50 12.00 18.50 (3) 20.62 18.50 12.00 9.25 18.50
4 21.50 16.00 21.50 (3) 24.62 21.50 16.00 10.75 21.50
5 26.50 19.00 – – 26.50 19.00 13.25 –
6 27.75 22.00 27.75 31.00 27.75 22.00 13.88 27.75
8 32.75 28.00 32.75 35.00 32.75 28.00 16.38 32.75
10 39.00 34.00 39.00 42.00 39.00 34.00 19.50 39.00
12 44.50 39.00 44.50 48.00 44.50 39.00 22.25 44.50
14 49.50 42.00 – – 49.50 42.00 24.75 49.50
16 54.50 47.00 54.50 (4) – 54.50 (6) 47.00 – 54.50

18 60.50 53.00 – – 60.50 (6) – – –
20 65.50 58.00 – – 65.50 (6) – – –
22 – – – – – – – –
24 76.50 – – – 76.50 (6) – – –
55
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Class 2500 Steel
Gate Globe, Ball
Globe, Lift Check,
Solid Lift Check, and Angle
Wedge, and Swing and
and Double Swing Check, Lift
Nominal Disc, Short Plug, Check, Short Check,
Valve Long Pattern Regular Long Pattern Long Long
Size, Pattern (1) Pattern Pattern (1) Pattern Pattern
NPS A and B B A and B A and B B D and E A and B
1/2 10.38 (2) – – 10.38 – 5.19 –
3/4 10.75 (2) – – 10.75 – 5.38 –
1 12.12 (2) 7.31 12.12 12.12 – 6.06 –
1 1/4 13.75 (2) 9.12 – 13.75 – 6.88 –
1 1/2 15.12 (2) 9.12 15.12 15.12 – 7.56 –
2 17.75 11.00 17.75 17.75 11.00 8.88 17.75
2 1/2 20.00 13.00 20.00 20.00 13.00 10.00 20.00
3 22.75 14.50 22.75 22.75 14.50 11.38 22.75
4 26.50 18.00 26.50 26.50 18.00 13.25 26.50
5 31.25 21.00 31.25 31.25 21.00 15.62 –
6 36.00 24.00 36.00 36.00 24.00 18.00 36.00
8 40.25 30.00 40.25 40.25 30.00 20.12 40.25
10 50.00 36.00 50.00 50.00 36.00 25.00 50.00

12 56.00 41.00 56.00 56.00 41.00 28.00 56.00
14 – 44.00 – – – – –
16 – 49.00 – – – – –
18 – 55.00 – – – – –
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Dimensions are in inches.
(b) See Table 10 for adjustments to tabulated dimensions which may be required for certain
flange facings.
NOTES:
(1) These dimensions apply to pressure seal or flangeless bonnet valves. They may be
applied at the manufacturer’s option to valves with flanged bonnets.
(2) Solid wedge only.
56
TABLE 8 CLASSES 125 AND 250 CAST IRON AND CLASSES 150 TO 2500 STEEL WAFER TYPE VALVES, FACE-TO-FACE DIMENSIONS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Steel (1) Cast Iron (2) Steel
Bonnetless Swing Check, Swing Check,
Knife Gate, Single and Dual Single and Dual Plate,
Plate, Installation Installation Between Standard ANSI Flanges (3)
Class 150 Between Standard
Norm.
Valve Flange ANSI Flanges Class Class
Size, Mating Class 150 300 400 600 900 1500 2500 150 300 400 600 900 1500
NPS Dimensions 125 250 Long Pattern (4) Short Pattern (5)
2 1.88 2.12 2.12 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.38 2.75 2.75 2.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
2 1/2 – 2.38 2.38 2.62 2.62 2.62 2.62 3.25 3.25 3.25 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
3 2.00 2.62 2.62 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.88 3.25 3.25 3.38 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.88
4 2.00 2.62 2.62 2.88 2.88 3.12 3.12 4.00 4.00 4.12 0.75 0.75 0.88 0.88 0.88 1.25
5 2.25 3.25 3.25 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
6 2.25 3.75 3.75 3.88 3.88 5.38 5.38 6.25 6.25 6.25 0.75 0.88 1.00 1.12 1.38 1.75
8 2.75 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.50 6.50 8.12 8.12 8.12 1.12 1.12 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.25
10 2.75 5.50 5.50 5.75 5.75 8.38 8.38 9.50 9.75 10.00 1.12 1.50 2.00 2.25 2.25 2.88
12 3.00 7.12 7.12 7.12 7.12 9.00 9.00 11.50 12.00 12.00 1.50 2.00 2.25 2.38 – –
14 3.00 7.25 8.75 7.25 8.75 10.75 10.75 14.00 14.00 – 1.75 2.00 2.50 2.62 – –
16 3.50 7.50 9.12 7.50 9.12 12.00 12.00 15.12 15.12 – 2.00 2.00 2.50 2.88 – –
18 3.50 8.00 10.38 8.00 10.38 14.25 14.25 17.75 18.44 – 2.38 3.00 3.25 3.25 – –
20 4.50 8.38 11.50 8.62 11.50 14.50 14.50 17.75 21.00 – 2.50 3.25 3.50 3.62 – –
24 4.50 8.75 12.50 8.75 12.50 15.50 17.25 19.50 22.00 – – – – – – –
30 – 12.00 14.50 12.00 14.50 18.12 19.88 – – – – – – – – –
36 – 14.50 19.00 14.50 19.00 25.00 25.00 – – – – – – – – –
42 – 17.00 22.38 17.00 22.38 27.62 27.62 – – – – – – – – –
48 – 20.62 24.75 20.62 24.75 – – – – – – – – – – –
GENERAL NOTES: NOTES:
(a) Dimensions are in inches. (1) These data for knife gate valves are extracted from TAPPI T1S 405-B and MSS standards specified in the purchase order, e.g., API 605 or MSS SP-44.
(b) The tolerances of para. 5.1 apply to face-to-face SP-81. (4) These data for long pattern steel swing check valves in sizes NPS 24 and smaller
dimensions for sizes NPS 24 and smaller. For sizes (2) These data for cast iron swing check valves are extracted from API 594. are extracted from API 6D and API 594. Data for larger sizes are extracted from
NPS 30 and larger, the tolerance shall be ±0.25 in. (3) Valves of sizes NPS 30 and larger in Classes 150, 300, 400, and 600 shall have API 594.
57
body outside diameters and gasket surface dimentions compatible with flange (5) These data for short pattern steel swing check valves are extracted from API 6D.
TABLE 10 DETERMINATION OF FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS
OF FLANGED VALVES HAVING VARIOUS FLANGE FACINGS
Face-to-Face (1 – 3) End-to-End (1 – 3)
Large or Small Large or Small
0.06 in. 0.25 in. Ring
Flat Raised Raised Male Tongue Type Female Groove
Material Class Face Face Face Face Face Joint Face Face
Cast iron 125 (4) – – – – – – –
250 – (4) – – – – – –
800 – – (4) (6), (7) – – –0.12 (7) –
Steel 150 (5) (4) – +0.50 +0.50 (8) +0.38 +0.38

300 (5) (4) – +0.50 +0.50 (8) +0.38 +0.38
400 to – – (4) (6) (6) (8) –0.12 –0.12
2500
NOTES:
(1) Dimensions are in inches.
(2) To determine the face-to-face or end-to-end dimensions of valves having both flanges as
tabulated in this table, adjust the face-to-face (not the buttweld end-to-end) dimensions
shown for the valve type (gate, globe, etc), material, class, and size in Tables 1 to 7 by
the amount shown.
(3) For center-to-face or center-to-end dimensions of angle type valves, use one-half the
numerical adjustment shown herein.
(4) These face-to-face dimensions are listed in Tables 1 to 7. (See table of desired class.)
(5) For Class 150 and for Class 300 steel valves having flat faces, either the full thickness of
the flange or the thickness with the 0.06 in. raised face removed may be supplied unless
otherwise specified. For full thickness of flange, the face-to-face dimensions listed for
0.06 in. raised face apply. Users are reminded that removing the 0.06 in. raised faces will
make the face-to-face dimensions nonstandard.
(6) These face-to-face dimensions are those listed for 0.25 in. raised face in Tables 3 to 7.
(7) When used for Class 800 cast iron, applies to large face only.
(8) The X dimensions given in Table 11 added to the appropriate raised face flange face-to-
face dimensions of Tables 1 to 7 establish the end-to-end dimensions of steel valves
having flanges with ring joint facings.
58
API-6D OPERATIONAL & DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
VALVE ANSI WORKING A (in) B C
SIZE CLASS PRESSURE* RF RTJ (in) (in)
150 290 PSI 8 8 1/2 7 3/16 6
300 750 10 1/2 11 1/8 7 3/16 6 1/2
2" 600 1500 11 1/2 11 5/8 9 1/4 6 1/2
900 2250 14 1/2 14 5/8 10 1/2 8 1/2
1500 3750 14 1/2 14 5/8 10 1/8 8 1/2
2500 6250 17 3/4 17 7/8 10 1/2 9 1/4
150 290 9 1/2 10 10 1/4 7 1/2

300 750 12 1/2 13 1/8 10 15/16 9
3" 600 1500 14 14 1/8 11 3/8 8 1/4
900 2250 15 15 1/8 11 3/4 9 1/2
1500 3750 18 1/2 18 5/8 15 5/8 10 1/2
2500 6250 22 3/4 23 13 7/8 12
150 290 11 1/2 12 11 15/16 9

300 750 14 14 5/8 12 3/4 10
4" 600 1500 17 17 1/8 13 5/8 10 3/4
900 2250 18 18 1/8 13 7/8 11 1/2
1500 3750 21 1/2 21 5/8 16 3/8 12 1/4
2500 6250 26 1/2 26 7/8 19 5/8 14
150 290 14 14 1/2 13 11/16 11
300 750 17 1/2 18 1/8 15 1/4 12 1/2
6" 600 1500 22 22 1/8 17 1/4 14
900 2250 24 24 1/8 18 3/4 15
1500 3750 27 3/4 28 20 5/8 15 1/2
2500 6250 36 36 1/2 25 1/4 19
150 290 19 1/2 20 17 1/8 13 3/4
8" 300 750 21 21 5/8 18 5/8 15
600 1500 26 26 1/8 20 1/2 16 1/2
900 2250 29 29 1/8 23 1/2 18 1/2
150 290 24 1/2 25 20 5/8 16 3/4
10" 300 750 24 1/2 25 1/8 22 9/16 17 1/2
600 1500 31 31 1/8 24 7/8 20
900 2250 33 33 1/8 27 21 1/2
150 290 27 1/2 28 25 19

12" 300 750 28 28 5/8 26 3/8 20 1/2
600 1500 33 33 1/8 28 22
900 2250 38 38 1/8 29 7/8 24
* Pressure ratings as per ANSI B 16.34-1988 for group 1.2 materials for -20 to 100 degrees F (-29 to 38
degrees C).
* ANSI pressure ratings exceed API-6D ratings.
NOTE:
* For RTJ flanges, use 4 as the third digit of the middle set of numbers in the order number.
* For removable seat, use 1 as the last digit of the first set of numbers in the order number.
* Valves also available in sizes up to 48"
inclusive. Contact the factory for
dimensions.
* Dimensions are for estimating purposes
only. For critical applications, please
contact the factory for certified drawings.
59
TABLE 9 CLASSES 25 and 125 CAST IRON AND CLASSES 150 TO 600 STEEL
BUTTERFLY VALVES, FACE-TO-FACE DIMENSIONS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Steel
Nom. Grooved Steel Offset Seat
Cast Iron and Class 150 Steel (2) (3) (4) Lug and Wafer Style (5) (6)
Valve End (2) (4)
Size, Flanged End Lug and Wafer Style (1) Class Class Class Class
NPS Narrow Wide Narrow Wide Extra Wide 150 150 300 600
1 1/2 – – 1.31 1.44 1.50 3.38 – – –
2 – – 1.69 1.75 1.81 3.19 – – –
2 1/2 – – 1.81 1.94 2.00 3.81 – – –
3 5.00 5.00 1.81 1.94 2.00 3.81 1.88 1.88 2.12
4 5.00 7.00 2.06 2.19 2.25 4.56 2.12 2.12 2.50
5 5.00 7.50 2.19 2.50 2.56 5.81 – – –
6 5.00 8.00 2.19 2.75 2.81 5.81 2.25 2.31 3.06

8 6.00 8.50 2.38 2.81 2.94 5.25 2.50 2.88 4.00
10 8.00 15.00 2.69 3.00 3.12 6.25 2.81 3.25 4.62
12 8.00 15.00 3.06 3.25 3.38 6.50 3.19 3.62 5.50
14 8.00 16.00 3.06 3.62 3.75 7.00 3.62 4.62 6.12
16 8.00 16.00 3.12 4.00 4.12 7.00 4.00 5.25 7.00
18 8.00 16.00 4.00 4.50 4.62 8.00 4.50 5.88 7.88
20 8.00 18.00 4.38 5.00 5.12 8.50 5.00 6.25 8.50
24 8.00 18.00 – 6.06 6.19 10.00 6.06 7.12 9.13
30 12.00 22.00 – 6.50 – – – – –
36 12.00 22.00 – 7.88 – – – – –
42 12.00 24.00 – 9.88 – – – – –
48 15.00 26.00 – 10.88 – – – – –
54 15.00 28.00 – – – – – – –
60 15.00 30.00 – – – – – – –
66 18.00 34.00 – – – – – – –
72 18.00 36.00 – – – – – – –
GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions are in inches.
NOTES:
(1) The installed face-to-face dimension is the dimension of the valve face-to-face after
installation in the pipeline. It does not include the thickness of gaskets where separate
gaskets are used. It does include the compressed (installed) thickness of gaskets or seals
that are an integral part of the valve.
(2) These butterfly valves are of the design generally having concentric location of disc and
seat, covered by MSS SP-67, from which these data are extracted.
(3) These valves are dimensionally compatible with flanges conforming to ASME/ANSI B
16. 1 Class 25 or Class 125, ASME/ANSI B 16.5 Class 150, ASME B 16.24 Class 150,
ASME/ANSI B16.42 Class 150, or AWWA C-207.
(4) For these butterfly valves, a tolerance of ±0.06 in. shall be allowed on face-to-face
dimensions of valves of NPS 6 and smaller, and a tolerance of ±0.13 in. on NPS 8 and
larger, except that for single flange and flangeless valves of NPS 30 and a larger, a
tolerance of ±0.25 in. shall be allowed.
(5) For these valves, a tolerance of ±0.13 in. shall be allowed on the face-to-face dimensions
for all sizes and pressure classes.
(6) The data for offset seat valves, columns 7–9, are extracted from MSS SP-68 and API 609
(except 16" - 24" Class 600, which are only in MSS SP-68).
60
HARDNESS CONVERSION NUMBERS
BRINELL HARDNESS
NO. – 10-MM. BALL
ROCKWELL
3000-KG. LOAD
HARDNESS ROCKWELL SUPERFICIAL
DIAMOND PYRAMID HARDNESS
TENSILE STRENGTH (APPROX.)

NUMBER HARDNESS NUMBER
SUPERFICIAL BRALE
PENETRATOR
BRINELL INDENTATION
NUMBER. 50-KG. LOAD
SHORE SCLEROSCOPE
BRALE PENETRATOR
HARDNESS NUMBER
1/16 IN. DIA. BALL
DIAMETER, MM.
CARBIDE BALL
OR TUNGSTEN
150-KG. LOAD
100-KG LOAD
15-KG. LOAD
30-KG. LOAD
45-KG. LOAD
15-N SCALE
30-N SCALE
45-N SCALE
STANDARD
C-SCALE
B-SCALE
1000 PSI.
2.95 429 455 – 45.7 83.4 64.6 49.9 61 217
3.00 415 440 – 44.5 82.8 63.5 48.4 59 210
3.05 401 425 – 43.1 82.0 62.3 46.9 58 202
3.10 388 410 – 41.8 81.4 61.1 45.3 56 195
3.15 375 396 – 40.4 80.6 59.9 43.6 54 188
3.20 363 383 – 39.1 80.0 58.7 42.0 52 182
3.25 352 372 (110.0) 37.9 79.3 57.6 40.5 51 176
3.30 341 360 (109.0) 36.9 78.6 56.4 39.1 50 170
3.35 331 350 (108.5) 35.5 78.0 55.4 37.8 48 166
3.40 321 339 (108.0) 34.3 77.3 54.3 36.4 47 160
3.45 311 328 (107.5) 33.1 76.7 53.3 34.4 46 155
3.50 302 319 (107.0) 32.1 76.1 52.2 33.8 45 150
3.55 293 309 (106.0) 30.9 75.5 51.2 32.4 43 145
3.60 285 301 (105.5) 29.9 75.0 50.3 31.2 – 141
3.65 277 292 (104.5) 28.8 74.4 49.3 29.9 41 137
3.70 269 284 (104.0) 27.6 73.7 48.3 28.5 40 133
3.75 262 276 (103.0) 26.6 73.1 47.3 27.3 39 129
3.80 255 269 (102.0) 25.4 72.5 46.2 26.0 38 126
3.85 248 261 (101.0) 24.2 71.7 45.1 24.5 37 122
3.90 241 253 100.0 22.8 70.9 43.9 22.8 36 118
3.95 235 247 99.0 21.7 70.3 42.9 21.5 35 115
4.00 229 241 98.2 20.5 69.7 41.9 20.1 34 111
4.05 223 234 97.3 (18.8) – – – – –
4.10 217 228 96.4 (17.5) – – – 33 105
4.15 212 222 95.5 (16.0) – – – – 102
4.20 207 218 94.6 (15.2) – – – 32 100
4.25 201 212 93.8 (13.8) – – – 31 98
4.30 197 207 92.8 (12.7) – – – 30 95
4.35 192 202 91.9 (11.5) – – – 29 93
4.40 187 196 90.7 (10.0) – – – – 90
4.45 183 192 90.0 (9.0) – – – 28 89
4.50 179 188 89.0 (8.0) – – – 27 87
4.55 174 182 87.8 (6.4) – – – – 85
4.60 170 178 86.8 (5.4) – – – 26 83
4.65 167 175 86.0 (4.4) – – – – 81
4.70 163 171 85.0 (3.3) – – – 25 79
4.80 156 163 82.9 (0.9) – – – – 76
4.90 149 156 80.8 – – – – 23 73
5.00 143 150 78.7 – – – – 22 71
5.10 137 143 76.4 – – – – 21 67
5.20 131 137 74.0 – – – – – 65
5.30 126 132 72.0 – – – – 20 63
5.40 121 127 69.8 – – – – 19 60
5.50 116 122 67.6 – – – – 18 58
5.60 111 117 65.7 – – – – 15 56
NOTE: Values in ( ) are beyond normal range: given for information only.
61
USEFUL HYDRAULIC CONSTANTS AND
CONVERSIONS
VOLUME AND DENSITY
Barrel = 42 (U.S.) Gallons = 5.6146 cubic feet = 9702 cubic inches

Barrel = .1590 cubic meters = 159 litres
Gallon (US) = .1337 cubic foot - 231 cubic inches = .833 gallon (IMP)
Gallon (IMP) = 1.200 gallon (US) = .1604 cubic foot = 277.2 cubic inches
Gallon (US) = 3.785 litre = .003785 cubic meters
Cubic foot = 7.4805 gallons (US) = 6.231 gallons (IMP) = .1781 Barrels
Cubic foot = .028317 cubic meters = 28.317 litres
Cubic meter = 6.29 barrels
CONTENTS OF PIPELINES
Gallons (US) per 1000 ft = 40.8 x (inch ID)2

Barrels per 1000 ft = .9714 x (inch ID)2
Gallons (US) per mile = 215.42 x (inch ID)2
Barrels per mile = 5.129 x (inch ID)2
Cubic meters per Kilometer = .0007854 x (mmID)2
VELOCITY IN PIPES
Feet per second = ft3 / hr x .0509 ÷ (inch ID)2

Feet per second = bbl / hr x .2859 ÷ (inch ID)2
Feet per second = gallon (US) / min x .4085 ÷ (inch ID)2
Meters per second = M3 / hr x 353.68 ÷ (mm ID)2
RATES OF FLOW
Gallons per min = .02917 x Barrels/day

Gallons per day = 1008 x Barrels/hour
62
UNIT CONVERSIONS
TEMPERATURE
˚C = (˚F – 32) X 5 9 /
VOLUME
1 gal. (U.S.) = 128 fl. oz. (U.S.)

= 231 cu. in.
= 0.833 gal. (Brit.)
1 cu. ft. = 7.48 gal. (U.S.)
WEIGHT OF WATER
1 cu. ft. at 50˚F weighs 62.41 lb.

1 gal. at 50˚F weighs 8.34 lb.
1 cu. ft. of ice weighs 57.2 lb.
Water is at its greatest density at 39.2˚F.
1 cu. ft. at 39.2˚F. weighs 62.43 lb.
WEIGHT OF LIQUID
1 gal. (U.S.) = 8.34 lb. X sp. gr.

1 cu. ft. = 62.4 lb. X sp. gr
1 lb. = 0.12 U.S. gal. ÷ sp. gr.
= 0.016 cu. ft. ÷ sp. gr.
WORK
1 Btu (mean) = 778 ft. lb.

= 0.293 watt hr.
/
= 1 180 of heat required to
change temp of 1 lb. water
from 32˚F to 212˚F
1 hp-hr = 2545 Btu (mean)
= 0.746 kwhr
1 Kwhr = 3413 Btu (mean)
= 1.34 hp-hr
63
UNIT CONVERSIONS
FLOW
1 gpm = 0.134 cu. ft. per min.

= 500 lb. per hr. x sp. gr.
500 lb. per hr. = 1 gpm ÷ sp. gr.
1 cu. ft. per min. (cfm) = 448.8 gal. per hr. (gph)
POWER
1 Btu per hr. = 0.293 watt

= 12.96 ft. lb. per min.
= 0.00039 hp
1 ton refrigeration (U.S.) = 288,000 Btu per 24 hr.
= 12,000 Btu per hr.
= 200 Btu per min.
= 83.33 lb. ice melted per hr.
from and at 32˚F.
1 hp = 550 ft lb. per sec.
= 746 watt
= 2545 Btu per hr.
1 boiler hp = 33,480 Btu per hr.
= 34.5 lb. water evap. per hr.
from and at 212˚F
= 9.8 kw.
1 kw. = 3413 Btu per hr.
MASS
1 lb. (avoir.) = 16 oz. (avoir.)

= 7000 grain
1 ton (short) = 2000 lb.
1 ton (long) = 2240 lb.
PRESSURE
1 lb. per sq. in. = 2.31 ft. water at 60˚F

= 2.04 in. hg at 60˚F
1 ft. water at 60˚F = 0.433 lb. per sq. in.
= 0.884 in. hg at 60˚F
1 in. Hg at 60˚F = 0.49 lb. per sq. in.
= 1.13 ft. water at 60˚F
lb. per sq. in. = lb. per sq. in. gauge (psig)
Absolute (psia) + 14.7
66
64
Temperature Conversion Chart

CELSIUS – FAHRENHEIT
NOTE: The numbers in boldface refer to the temperature in degrees, either Celsius or Fahrenheit, which it is desired to convert into the other scale. If converting from Fahrenheit
to Celsius degrees, the equivalent temperature will be found in the left column; while if converting from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit, the answer will be found in the
column on the right.
Celsius Fahrenheit Celsius Fahrenheit Celsius Fahrenheit Celsius Fahrenheit
-73.3 -100 -148.0 2.8 37 98.6 33.3 92 197.6 293 560 1040
-67.8 -90 -130.0 3.3 38 100.4 33.9 93 199.4 299 570 1058
-62.2 -80 -112.0 3.9 39 102.2 34.4 94 201.2 304 580 1076
-59.4 -75 -103.0 4.4 40 104.0 35.0 95 203.0 310 590 1094
-56.7 -70 -94.0 5.0 41 105.8 35.6 96 204.8 316 600 1112
-53.9 -65 -85.0 5.6 42 107.6 36.1 97 206.6 321 610 1130
-51.1 -60 -76.0 6.1 43 109.4 36.7 98 208.4 327 620 1148
-48.3 -55 -67.0 6.7 44 111.2 37.2 99 210.2 332 630 1166
-45.6 -50 -58.0 7.2 45 113.0 37.8 100 212.0 338 640 1184
-42.8 -45 -49.0 7.8 46 114.8 43 110 230 343 650 1202
-40.0 -40 -40.0 8.3 47 116.6 49 120 248 349 660 1220
-37.2 -35 -31.0 8.9 48 118.4 54 130 266 354 670 1238
-34.4 -30 -22.0 9.4 49 120.2 60 140 284 360 680 1256
-31.7 -25 -13.0 10.0 50 122.0 66 150 302 366 690 1274
-28.9 -20 -4.0 10.6 51 123.8 71 160 320 371 700 1292
-26.1 -15 5.0 11.1 52 125.6 77 170 338 377 710 1310
-23.3 -10 14.0 11.7 53 127.4 82 180 356 382 720 1328
-20.6 -5 23.0 12.2 54 129.2 88 190 374 388 730 1346
-17.8 0 32.0 12.8 55 131.0 93 200 392 393 740 1364
-17.2 1 33.8 13.3 56 132.8 99 210 410 399 750 1382
-16.7 2 35.6 13.9 57 134.6 100 212 414 404 760 1400
-16.1 3 37.4 14.4 58 136.4 104 220 428 410 770 1418
-15.6 4 39.2 15.0 59 138.2 110 230 446 416 780 1436
-15.0 5 41.0 15.6 60 140.0 116 240 464 421 790 1454
-14.4 6 42.8 16.1 61 141.8 121 250 482 427 800 1472
-13.9 7 44.6 16.7 62 143.6 127 260 500 432 810 1490
-13.3 8 46.4 17.2 63 145.4 132 270 518 438 820 1508
-12.8 9 48.2 17.8 64 147.2 138 280 536 443 830 1526
-12.2 10 50.0 18.3 65 149.0 143 290 554 449 840 1544
-11.7 11 51.8 18.9 66 150.8 149 300 572 454 850 1562
-11.1 12 53.6 19.4 67 152.6 154 310 590 460 860 1580
-10.6 13 55.4 20.0 68 154.4 160 320 608 466 870 1598
-10.0 14 57.2 20.6 69 156.2 166 330 626 471 880 1616
-9.4 15 59.0 21.1 70 158.0 171 340 644 477 890 1634
-8.9 16 60.8 21.7 71 159.8 177 350 662 482 900 1652
-8.3 17 62.6 22.2 72 161.6 182 360 680 488 910 1670
-7.8 18 64.4 22.8 73 163.4 188 370 698 493 920 1688
-7.2 19 66.2 23.3 74 165.2 193 380 716 499 930 1706
-6.7 20 68.0 23.9 75 167.0 199 390 734 504 940 1724
-6.1 21 69.8 24.4 76 168.8 204 400 752 510 950 1742
-5.6 22 71.6 25.0 77 170.6 210 410 770 516 960 1760
-5.0 23 73.4 25.6 78 172.4 216 420 788 521 970 1778
-4.4 24 75.2 26.1 79 174.2 221 430 806 527 980 1796
-3.9 25 77.0 26.7 80 176.0 227 440 824 532 990 1814
-3.3 26 78.8 27.2 81 177.8 232 450 842 538 1000 1832
-2.8 27 80.6 27.8 82 179.6 238 460 860 566 1050 1922
-2.2 28 82.4 28.3 83 181.4 243 470 878 593 1100 2012
-1.7 29 84.2 28.9 84 183.2 249 480 896 621 1150 2102
-1.1 30 86.0 29.4 85 185.0 254 490 914 649 1200 2192
-0.6 31 87.8 30.0 86 186.8 260 500 932 677 1250 2282
0.0 32 89.6 30.6 87 188.6 266 510 950 704 1300 2372
0.6 33 91.4 31.1 88 190.4 271 520 968 732 1350 2462
1.1 34 93.2 31.7 89 192.2 277 530 986 760 1400 2552
1.7 35 95.0 32.2 90 194.0 282 540 1004 788 1450 2642
2.2 36 96.8 32.8 91 195.8 288 550 1022 816 1500 2732
The formulas at the right may also be 5 9
used for converting Celsius or Fahrenheit Degrees Cels., C˚ = — (F˚ + 40) -40 Degrees Fahr., F˚ = — (C˚ + 40) -40
9 5
65
degrees into the other scale.

STANDARD CONVERSIONS
TO CHANGE TO MULTIPLY BY
Inches .......................................... Feet ............................................. 0.0833

Inches .......................................... Millimeters ................................. 25.4
Feet .............................................. Inches ......................................... 12
Feet .............................................. Yards .......................................... 0.3333
Yards ........................................... Feet ............................................. 3
Square inches .............................. Square feet ................................. 0.00694
Square feet .................................. Square inches ............................. 144
Square feet .................................. Square yards ............................... 0.11111
Square yards ................................ Square feet ................................. 9
Cubic inches ................................ Cubic feet ................................... 0.00058
Cubic feet .................................... Cubic inches ............................... 1728
Cubic feet .................................... Cubic yards ................................ 0.03703
Cubic yards ................................. Cubic feet ................................... 27
Cubic inches ................................ Gallons ....................................... 0.00433
Cubic feet .................................... Gallons ....................................... 7.48
Gallons ........................................ Cubic inches ............................... 231
Gallons ........................................ Cubic feet ................................... 0.1337
Gallons ........................................ Pounds of water .......................... 8.33
Pounds of water ........................... Gallons ....................................... 0.12004
Ounces ......................................... Pounds ........................................ 0.0625
Pounds ......................................... Ounces ........................................ 16
Inches of water ............................ Pounds per square inch .............. 0.0361
Inches of water ............................ Inches of mercury ...................... 0.0735
Inches of water ............................ Ounces per square inch .............. 0.578
Inches of water ............................ Pounds per square foot ............... 5.2
Inches of mercury ....................... Inches of water ........................... 13.6
Inches of mercury ....................... Feet of water .............................. 1.1333
Inches of mercury ....................... Pounds per square inch .............. 0.4914
Ounces per square inch ............... Inches of mercury ...................... 0.127
Ounces per square inch ............... Inches of water ........................... 1.733
Pounds per square inch ............... Inches of water ........................... 27.72
Pounds per square inch ............... Feet of water .............................. 2.310
Pounds per square inch ............... Inches of mercury ...................... 2.04
Pounds per square inch ............... Atmospheres ............................... 0.0681
Feet of water ............................... Pounds per square inch .............. 0.434
Feet of water ............................... Pounds per square foot ............... 62.5
Feet of water ............................... Inches of mercury ...................... 0.8824
Atmospheres ............................... Pounds per square inch .............. 14.696
Atmospheres ............................... Inches of mercury ...................... 29.92
Atmospheres ............................... Feet of water .............................. 34
Long tons .................................... Pounds ........................................ 2240
Short tons .................................... Pounds ........................................ 2000
Short tons .................................... Long tons ................................... 0.89285
67
INTERCHANGE BETWEEN UNITS
International Metric - Old Metric - U.S. Customary Units
These charts will interchange values between the SI International Standard, the U.S.
or English system, and the older metric systems. The left column of each chart shows
the basic unit in the SI system.
Equivalent values of all units are shown on the same line. The easiest way to use the
charts is to look down the column of the unit which is to be converted and find the line
on which the figure “1” appears. Then move to the left or right on the same line to the
column of the new unit. The value shown is a multiplier to convert to the new unit.
Conversions can be easily made with a pocket calculator which has an exponent key
or can be made manually.
For manual calculations remember that the + or - sign in front of an exponent tells
whether to move the decimal point to the right (for a + sign) or to the left (for a - sign)
and how far to move it. Examples: 2.540 X 10-5 is .0000254, and 3.048 X 102 = 304.8,
etc. Conversion examples are:
Convert 627 inches into centimetres. In the LENGTH chart, look down the Inch
column to the figure “1”. Then move left on this line to the Centimetre column. Use the
conversion multiplier 2.540: 627 x 2.540 = 1592.58 centimetres = 15.93 metres =
15,925.8 millimetres.
Convert 5000 PSI (pounds/sq. inch) into bars. Use the UNIT PRESSURE chart on
the next page. Look down the Pounds/inch2 column to the figure 1. Then move left on
the same line to the Bar column. The figure .06897 is a multiplier. Multiply 5000 x
.06897 = 344.85 bars.
Most western countries have abandoned the older metric systems in favor of the
new SI metric system. The USA is the only major country which has not officially
adopted the SI system of units.
TORQUE Gravity Acceleration

Newton-Metres Kilopond-Mtrs. Foot-Pounds Inch-Lbs. In the U.S. system the acceleration
1 1.020 x 10-1 7.376 x 10-1 8.851 due to gravity or “g” is 32.2 feet per
9.807 1 7.233 86.80 second per second. In the metric
1.356 1.382 x 10-1 1 12
1.130 x 10-1 1.152 x 10-2 8.333 x 10-2 1 system “g” is 105.5 metres per second
per second.
LENGTH (Linear Measurement)
Metre Centimetre Kilometre Mile Inch Foot
1 100 1 x 10-3 6.214 x 10-4 39.370 3.281
0.01 1 1 x 10-5 6.214 x 10-6 3.937 x 10-1 3.281 x 10-2
1 x 10-3 0.10 1 x 10-6 6.214 x 10-7 3.937 x 10-2 3.281 x 10-3
1 x 103 1 x 105 1 6.214 x 10-1 3.937 x 104 3.281 x 103
1.609 x 103 1.609 x 105 1.609 1 6.336 x 104 5280
2.540 x 10-2 2.540 2.540 x 10-5 1.578 x 10-5 1 8.333 x 10-2
3.048 x 10-1 30.479 3.048 x 10-4 1.894 x 10-4 12 1
1 millimetre = .001 metre = .10 centimetre = .000001 kilometre = .03937 inch = .003281 foot.
AREA (Square Measurement)

Square Metre Sq. Centimetre Sq. Kilometre Square Inch Square Foot Square Mile
1 1 x 104 1 x 10-6 1.550 x 103 10.764 3.861 x 10-7
1 x 10-4 1 1 x 10-10 1.550 x 10-1 1.076 x 10-3 3.861 x 10-11
1 x 10-6 1 x 10-2 1 x 10-12 1.550 x 10-3 1.076 x 10-5 3.861 x 10-13
1 x 106 1 x 10-10 1 1.550 x 109 1.076 x 107 3.861 x 10-1
6.452 x 10-4 6.452 6.452 x 10-10 1 6.944 x 10-3 2.491 x 10-10
9.290 x 10-2 9.290 x 102 9.290 x 10-8 144 1 3.587 x 10-8
2.590 x 106 2.590 x 1010 2.590 4.014 x 109 2.788 x 107 1
1 square millimetre = .000001 square metre = .00155 square inch = .00001076 square foot.
VOLUME (Cubic)
Cubic Metre Cu. Decimetre Cu. Centimetre U.S. Gallon Cubic Inch Cubic Foot
(Litre)
1 1 x 103 1 x 106 2.642 x 102 6.102 x 104 35.314
1 x 10-3 1 1 x 103 2.642 x 10-1 6.1024 3.531 x 10-2
1 x 10-6 1 x 10-3 1 2.642 x 10-4 6.102 x 10-2 3.531 x 10-5
4.546 x 10-3 4.546 4.546 x 103 1.200 2.774 x 102 1.605 x 10-1
3.785 x 10-3 3.785 3.785 x 103 1 2.310 x 102 1.337 x 10-1
1.639 x 10-5 1.639 x 10-2 16.387 4.329 x 10-3 1 5.787 x 10-4
2.832 x 10-2 28.317 2.832 x 104 7.481 1.728 x 103 1
1 imperial gallon = 1.2 U.S. gallon = .004546 cubic metre = 4.546 litre = 4546 cubic centimetres.
68
FORCE (Including Force Due to Weight)
Newton Dyne Kilopond Metric Ton U.S. Ton Pound
(Tonne)
1 1 x 105 1.020 x 10-1 1.020 x 10-4 1.124 x 10-4 2.248 x 10-1
1 x 10-5 1 1.020 x 10-6 1.020 x 10-9 1.124 x 10-9 2.248 x 10-6
9.807 9.807 x 105 1 1 x 10-3 1.102 x 10-3 2.205
9.807 x 103 9.807 x 108 1000 1 1.102 2.205 x 103
9.964 x 103 9.964 x 108 1.016 x 103 1.016 1.120 2.240 x 103
8.896 x 103 8.896 x 108 9.072 x 102 9.072 x 10-1 1 2000
4.448 4.448 x 10 5 4.536 x 10 -1 4.536 x 10-4 5 x 10 -4 1
1 long ton = 9964 Newtons - 1.016 kiloponds - 1.106 metric tons - 1.120 U.S. tons = 2240 pounds.
MASS (Not Weight)

Kilogram Gram Metric Ton Newton Pound U.S. Ton
(Tonne)
1 1000 1 x 10-3 9.807 2.205 1.102 x 10-3
1 x 10-3 1 1 x 10-6 9.807 x 10-3 2.205 x 10-3 1.102 x 10-6
1 x 103 1 x 106 1 9.807 x 103 2.205 x 103 1.102
1.020 x 10-1 1.020 x 102 1.020 x 10-4 1 2.248 x 10-1 1.124 x 10-4
4.536 x 10-1 4.536 x 102 4.536 x 10-4 4.448 1 5 x 10-4
14.594 1.459 x 104 1.459 x 10-2 1.431 x 102 32.170 1.609 x 10-2
9.072 x 102 9.072 x 105 9.072 x 10-1 8.896 x 103 2000 1
VELOCITY
Metres/Sec. Kilometres/Hr. Miles/Hr. Feet/Min. Feet/Sec. Inches/Min.
1 3.6 2.237 1.968 x 102 3.281 2.362 x 103
1 x 10-1 1 x 10-4 6.214 x 10-5 5.468 x 10-3 9.113 x 10-5 6.562 x 10-2
2.778 x 10-1 1 6.214 x 10-1 5.468 x 101 9.113 x 10-1 6.562 x 102
4.470 x 10-1 1.609 1 88 1.467 1.056 x 103
5.080 x 10-3 1.829 x 10-2 1.136 x 10-2 1 1.667 x 10-2 12
3.048 x 10-1 1.097 6.818 x 10-1 60 1 7.2 x 102
4.233 x 10-4 1.524 x 10-3 9.470 x 10-4 8.333 x 10-2 1.389 x 10-3 1
1 decimetre/second = 0.1 metres/second = .005468 ft./min. = .06562 in./min.
UNIT PRESSURE (Either Fluid or Mechanical)

Bar Newtons/m2 Kilopond/m2 Atmosphere Pounds/Ft2 Pounds/Inch2
(Pascal)
1 x 10-5 1 1.020 x 10-1 9.869 x 10-6 2.088 x 10-2 1.45 x 10-4
1 1 x 105 1.020 x 104 9.869 x 10-1 2.088 x 103 14.5
9.807 x 10-5 9.807 1 9.678 x 10-5 2.048 x 10-1 1.422 x 10-3
9.807 x 10-1 9.807 x 104 1 x 104 9.678 x 10-1 2.048 x 103 14.220
1.013 1.013 x 105 1.033 x 104 1 2.116 x 103 14.693
4.789 x 10-4 47.893 4.884 4.726 x 10-4 1 6.944 x 10-3
6.897 x 10-2 6.897 x 103 7.033 x 102 6.806 x 10-2 1.440 x 102 1
1 Kilopond/Sq. cm. = .9807 bar = 98070 Pascal = .9678 atmos. = 2048 lbs./sq. ft. = 14.22 lbs./sq. inch.
POWER (Fluid, Electrical, or Mechanical)

Kilowatt Watt, Joules/s Foot-Pounds Foot-Pounds BTU per Hour BTU per Min.
and N-m/s per Minute per Second
1 1000 4.425 x 104 7.376 x 102 3.412 x 103 56.862
1 x 10-3 1 44.254 7.376 x 10-1 3.412 5.686 x 10-2
7.461 x 10-1 746 3.300 x 104 5.500 x 102 2.545 x 103 42.44
2.260 x 10-5 2.260 x 10-2 1 1.667 x 10-2 7.710 x 10-2 1.285 x 10-3
1.356 x 10-3 1.356 60 1 4.626 7.710 x 10-2
2.931 x 10-4 2.931 x 10-1 12.971 2.162 x 10-1 1 1.667 x 10-2
1.759 x 10-2 17.586 7.783 x 102 12.971 60 1
1 U.S. = 1 U.K. Horsepower = .7461 kW = 33,000 ft. lbs./min. = 2545 BTU/hr. = 42.44 BTU/minute.
ENERGY OR WORK
Kilowatt-Hour Watt-Second Horsepower/Hr. Foot-Pound Inch-Pound BTU
Joule, or N-m
1 3.6 x 106 1.341 2.655 x 106 3.187 x 107 3.412 x 103
2.778 x 10-7 1 3.725 x 10-7 7.376 x 10-1 8.851 9.477 x 10-4
2.778 x 10-14 1 x 10-7 3.725 x 10-14 7.376 x 10-8 8.851 x 10-7 9.477 x 10-11
7.457 x 10-1 2.685 x 106 1 1.980 x 106 2.376 x 107 2.544 x 103
3.766 x 10-7 1.356 5.051 x 10-7 1 12 1.285 x 10-3
3.138 x 10-8 1.130 x 10-1 4.209 x 10-8 8.333 x 10-2 1 1.071 x 10-4
2.931 x 10-4 1.055 x 103 3.931 x 10-4 7.783 x 102 9.339 x 103 1
69
English/Metric Conversions
PRESSURE – PSI And Bars
1 PSI = .0689655 bar 1 bar = 14.5 PSI
PSI Bars PSI Bars Bars PSI Bars PSI
20 1.379 1100 75.86 1 14.50 55 797.5
30 2.069 1200 82.76 2 29.00 60 870.0
40 2.759 1300 89.66 3 43.50 65 942.5
50 3.448 1400 96.55 4 58.00 70 1015
60 4.138 1500 103.5 5 72.50 75 1088
70 4.828 1600 110.3 6 87.00 80 1160
80 5.517 1700 117.2 7 101.5 85 1233
90 6.207 1800 124.1 8 116.0 90 1305
100 6.897 1900 131.0 9 130.5 95 1378
200 13.79 2000 137.9 10 145.0 100 1450
300 20.69 2250 155.2 15 217.5 150 2175
400 27.59 2500 172.4 20 290.0 200 2900
500 34.48 2750 189.7 25 362.5 250 3625
600 41.38 3000 206.9 30 435.0 300 4350
700 48.28 3500 241.4 35 507.5 350 5075
800 55.17 4000 275.9 40 580.0 400 5800
900 62.07 4500 310.3 45 652.5 450 6525
1000 6.897 5000 344.8 50 725.0 500 7250
HYDRAULIC FLOW — GPM and Litres per Minute

1 GPM = 3.785 litres/min. 1 litre/min. = 0.2642 GPM
GPM l/min GPM l/min l/min GPM l/min GPM
1 3.785 75 283.9 5 1.32 300 79.3
2 7.570 80 302.8 10 2.64 350 92.5
3 11.36 85 321.7 20 5.28 400 106
4 15.14 90 340.7 30 7.93 450 119
5 18.93 95 359.6 40 10.6 500 132
10 37.85 100 378.5 50 13.2 550 145
15 56.78 125 473.1 60 15.9 600 159
20 75.70 150 567.8 70 18.5 650 172
25 94.63 175 662.4 80 21.1 700 185
30 113.6 200 757.0 90 23.8 750 198
35 132.5 225 851.6 100 26.4 800 211
40 151.4 250 946.3 125 33.0 900 238
45 170.3 275 1041 150 39.6 1000 264
50 189.3 300 1136 175 46.2 1100 291
55 208.2 325 1230 200 52.8 1200 317
60 227.1 350 1325 225 59.4 1300 343
65 246.0 375 1420 250 66.1 1400 370
70 265.0 400 1514 275 72.7 1500 396
AIR FLOW — CFM and Cubic Decimetres per Second

1 CFM = 0.47195 cu. dm/sec (dm3/s) 1 Cu. dm/sec (dm3/sec) = 2.1187 CFM
CFM dm3/s CFM dm3/s dm3/s CFM dm3/s CFM
1 0.472 75 35.40 5 10.59 225 476.7
2 0.944 80 37.76 10 21.19 250 529.7
3 1.416 85 40.12 15 31.78 300 635.6
4 1.888 90 42.48 20 42.37 350 741.5
5 2.360 95 44.84 25 52.97 400 847.5
10 4.720 100 47.20 30 63.56 450 953.4
15 7.079 125 58.99 35 74.15 500 1059
20 9.439 150 70.79 40 84.75 550 1165
25 11.80 175 82.59 45 95.34 600 1271
30 14.16 200 94.39 50 105.9 700 1483
35 16.52 225 106.2 60 127.1 800 1695
40 18.88 250 118.0 70 148.3 900 1907
45 21.24 275 129.8 80 169.5 1000 2119
50 23.60 300 141.6 100 211.9 1100 2331
55 25.96 325 153.4 125 264.8 1200 2542
60 28.32 350 165.2 150 317.8 1300 2754
65 30.68 375 177.0 175 370.7 1400 2966
70 33.04 400 188.8 200 423.7 1500 3178
70
DECIMAL AND METRIC
Equivalents of Common Fractions of an Inch
64ths 32nds 16ths 8ths Decimal Mm
1/64 0.01562 0.397
1/32 0.03125 0.794
3/64 0.04688 1.191
1/16 0.06250 1.588
5/64 0.07812 1.984
3/32 0.09375 2.381
7/64 0.10938 2.778
1/8 0.12500 3.175
9/64 0.14062 3.572
5/32 0.15625 3.969
11/64 0.17188 4.366
3/16 0.18750 4.763
13/64 0.20312 5.159
7/32 0.21875 5.556
15/64 0.23438 5.953
1/4 0.25000 6.350
17/64 0.26562 6.747
9/32 0.28125 7.144
19/64 0.29688 7.541
5/16 0.31250 7.938
21/64 0.32812 8.334
11/32 0.34375 8.731
23/64 0.35938 9.128
3/8 0.37500 9.525
25/64 0.39062 9.922
13/32 0.40625 10.319
27/64 0.42188 10.716
7/16 0.43750 11.113
29/64 0.45312 11.509
15/32 0.46875 11.906
31/64 0.48438 12.303
1/2 0.50000 12.700
33/64 0.51562 13.097
17/32 0.53125 13.494
35/64 0.54688 13.891
9/16 0.56250 14.288
37/64 0.57812 14.684
19/32 0.59375 15.081
39/64 0.60938 15.478
5/8 0.62500 15.875
41/64 0.64062 16.272
21/32 0.65625 16.669
43/64 0.67188 17.066
11/16 0.68750 17.463
45/64 0.70312 17.859
23/32 0.71875 18.256
47/64 0.73438 18.653
3/4 0.75000 19.050
49/64 0.76562 19.447
25/32 0.78125 19.844
51/64 0.79688 20.241
13/16 0.81250 20.638
53/64 0.82812 21.034
27/32 0.84375 21.431
55/64 0.85938 21.828
7/8 0.87500 22.225
57/64 0.89062 22.622
29/32 0.90625 23.019
59/64 0.92188 23.416
15/16 0.93750 23.813
61/64 0.95312 24.209
31/32 0.96875 24.606
63/64 0.98438 25.003
1 1.00000 25.400
MINUTES CONVERTED TO DECIMALS OF A DEGREE

MIN DEG. MIN. DEG. MIN. DEG. MIN. DEG. MIN. DEG. MIN. DEG.
1 .0166 11 .1833 21 .3500 31 .5166 41 .6833 51 .8500
2 .0333 12 2.000 22 .3666 32 .5333 42 .7000 52 .8666
3 .0500 13 .2166 23 .3833 33 .5500 43 .7166 53 .8833
4 .0666 14 .2333 24 .4000 34 .5666 44 .7333 54 .9000
5 .0833 15 .2500 25 .4166 35 .5833 45 .7500 55 .9166
6 .1000 16 .2666 26 .4333 36 .6000 46 .7666 56 .9333
7 .1166 17 .2833 27 .4500 37 .6166 47 .7833 57 .9500
8 .1333 18 .3000 28 .4666 38 .6333 48 .8000 58 .9666
9 .1500 19 .3166 29 .4833 39 .6500 49 .8166 59 .9833
10 .1666 20 .3333 30 .5000 40 .6666 50 .8333 60 1.0000
71
72
Conversion Factors
Area
Rods2 Chains2 Feet2 Yards2 Acres Metres2 Hectares
160 10 43,560 4,840 1 4047 .4047
107,639 2,471 10,000 1
Volume (Flow)
US Gallons Imp. Gallons Cubic Metres Pounds (water) Cubic Feet Acre Inches Acre Feet
1 8.33 .1337
1 10.00
264.1 220 1 2200 35.31
7.48 6.24 62.4 1
27,154 3,630 1 1/12
325,850 43,560 12 1
1 million 3.07
Pressure (Head)
Water Column
PSI KPA
Inches Feet
.145 1 4.0 .34
1 6.89 2.31
.433 2.98 12 1
Power and Energy

BTU GJ FT3 M3 H.P. KW
3,413 .0036 1.341 1
2,545 .0027 1 .746
950,000 1 948.2 26.71 372.7 278
73
FLOW CONVERSION CHART
The accompanying chart provides fast answers to many problems
that may confront the pipe fitter. Procedures for using the chart are
as follows:
Note that there are three sets of figures shown in connection with
the extreme left-hand column A. The column marked “1 in.
standard” gives the internal diameter of standard pipe (somewhat
greater than 1 for 1 in. standard pipe). The column marked “2
exact” gives the exact diameter. The column marked “3 extra heavy”
gives the internal diameter of extra heavy pipe.
EXAMPLE: How much water is passing through a pipe having an

I.D. of exactly 1 in. the velocity of the water being 3 F.P.S.? To
apply the chart to the problem locate 1 in. in column A over the
word “exact” and run a straight line from the point through the 3
in column C. From the intersection of this line with column B, run
a straight line horizontally to column G. The intersection of this
line at columns D, E and F gives the following information:
Column D shows the cubic feet/minute flowing through the pipe;

column E shows the volume of flow in gallons/minute; column F
gives the weight of the water in pounds/minute. (For liquids other
than water, multiply the value of column F by the specific gravity
of the liquid for accurate weight conversion). See chart page 31.
If a quantity in columns D, E or F is known then velocity may be

determined by reversing the procedure. Draw a horizontal line
from the known point to column G. From this intersection draw a
line to the exact I.D. of the pipe in column A and extend this line to
cross column C. The intersection with column C gives the velocity
in feet/second.
The chart can be used as a conversion chart to determine the

number of gallons in a certain number of cubic feet of liquid. The
horizontal line already drawn to determine answers in columns C
and D will provide the answer to the conversion in column E.
A little practice will prove this chart to be a real time-saver.
74
1
1 0.3
0.2 1 "
8
1" 0.4
.01
8 1" 0.1 2
0.3 4 2 1
0.5
1"
4
0.6 .03 2
0.4 3 "
8 3
0.7 3
3" 3 0.5
0.5
8 1" 0.8
6
2 0.1
0.6 0.9
1" 1
2 1. 10
3" 4
4 4 2
3" 0.8
0.3 20
4
1"
1 1.5 0.5
1" 5
50
5
1" 5 1
1
4 2 10
1"
1 100
4 1"
1
2 2
1
1 "
2
3 20 200
6
2" 6 3
2
2" 5
1"
2 50 500
1" 2
2
2
SEC.
MIN.
4 10
MIN.
3" 100
3 1000 7
3"
MIN.
7
1" 5
3 20
1" 2
PER
PER
PER
3
2 4" 200
4" 4 6
GAL. PER
1" 3000
4
1
4 "
2 50
FT.
2
WATER
5" 7 8
FT.
5" 5 8 500 5000
8
6" 100
VELOCITY,
6" 6 9
CU
1000 10,000
7" 10
7" 7
LB
200
8" 9
8" 8 9 2000 20,000
9"
9" 9
10" 15 500
10" 10
5000 50,000
12"
12" 12 1000 10
13" 13" 10 20
10,000 100,000
14" 14 14"
15" 15" 2000
16
STANDARD
200,000
EXTRA
HEAVY
EXACT
30 30,000 11
11
1 A 2 3 B C D E F G
Courtesy of The Welding Engineer
75
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Intentionally
Left Blank
FORMULAS TO BE PROVIDED TO OPERATORS
FOR CALCULATIONS
1. H.P. = RPM x Torque (ft/lbs) / 5252

2. Torque (ft/lbs) = (H.P. X 5252) / RPM
3. H.P. = [ (Volts x Amps x 1.73 x Power factor (p.f.) x motor efficiency)
/1000] / .746
4 Drive Sheave RPM x Drive Sheave Diameter = Motor Sheave RPM x
Motor Sheave Diameter
** ignoring belt slippage
5. Polish Rod RPM = Motor Sheave RPM x Motor Sheave Diameter

Drive Sheave Diameter
** ignoring belt slippage
FIND STROKES PER MINUTE (SPM)

RPM divided by Gear Ratio divided by Big Sheave multiplied by Small
Sheave equals Strokes per Minute.
FIND SMALL SHEAVE

SPM multiplied by Gear Ratio multiplied by Big Sheave divided by RPM
equals Small Sheave.
FIND BIG SHEAVE

RPM divided by Gear Ratio divided by SPM multiplied by Small Sheave
equals Big Sheave.
FIND BELT SIZE

Big Sheave plus Little Sheave multiplied by 1.57 plus 2 times the Distance
from shaft centre to shaft centre equals Belt Size.
** Estimate Only
77
FORMULAS
Where:
A = Area; A1 = Surface area of solids;
V = Volume; C = Circumference
Circle
A = 3.142 X R X R
C = 3.142 X D
D
R =
2
D = 2XR
Ellipse
A = 3.142 X A X B
√ A2 + B2
C = 6.283 X
2
Parallelogram
A = HXL
Rectangle
A = WXL
Sector of circle
3.142 X R X R X a
A =
360
L = .01745 X R X a
L
a =
.01745 X R
L
R =
.01745 X a
Trapezoid
L1 + L2
A = HX
2
Triangle
WXH
A =
2
78
FORMULAS
Cone
A1= 3.142 X R X S + 3.142 X R X R
V = 1.047 X R X R X H
Cylinder
A1= (6.283 X R X R) + (6.283 X R X H)
V = 3.142 X R X R X H
Elliptical Tanks
V = 3.142 X A X B X H
√ A2 + B2
A1= 6.283 X X H + 6.283 X A X B
2
Rectangular solid
A1= 2[W X L + L X H + H X W]
V = WXLXH
Sphere
A1= 12.56 X R X R
V = 4.188 X R X R X R
For above containers:

Capacity in gallons = V when V is in cubic inches.
231
Capacity in gallons = 7.48 X V when V is in cubic feet.
79
Fluid Power Formulae
Torque and horsepower relations Effective force of a cylinder working at an angle
T = HP x 5252 ÷ RPM to direction of the load travel:
HP = T x RPM ÷ 5252 F = T x sin A
RPM = HP x 5252 ÷ T T is the total cylinder force, in pounds; F is
Torque values are in foot pounds. the part of the force which is effective, in
pounds; A is the least angle, in degrees
Hydraulic (fluid power) horsepower: between cylinder axis and load direction.
HP = PSI X GPM ÷ 1714
PSI is gauge pressure in pounds per square Heat radiating capacity of a steel reservoir.
inch, GPM is oil flow in gallons per minute. HP = 0.001 x A x TD
HP is the power radiating capacity expressed
Velocity of oil flow in pipe: in horsepower; A is surface area, in square
V = GPM x 0.3208 ÷ A feet; TD is temperature difference in ˚F
V is oil velocity in feet per second, GPM is between oil and surrounding air.
flow in gallons per minute, A is inside area of
pipe in square inches. Burst pressure of pipe or tubing
P = 2t x S ÷ O
Charles’ Law for behavior of gases: P is burst pressure in PSI, t is wall thickness,
T1V2 = T2V1, or T1P2 = T2P1 in inches; S is tensile strength of material in
T1, P1 and V1 are initial temperature, pressure PSI; O is outside diameter, in inches.
and volume, and T 2, P 2, and V 2 are final
conditions. Relationship between displacement and torque of
a hydraulic motor:
Boyle’s Law for behavior of gases: T = D x PSI ÷ 24π
P1V1 = P2V2 T is torque in foot lbs. D is displacement in
P1 and V1 are initial pressure and volume; P2 cubic inches per revolution, PSI is pressure
and V2 are final conditions. difference across motor, π = 3.14.
Circle formulae:
Area = πr2, or πD2 ÷ 4
Circumference = 2πr, or πD
r is radius, D is diameter, inches. RULES-OF-THUMB
Heat equivalent or fluid power: Horsepower for driving a pump

BTU per hour = PSI x GPM x 1 1/2 For every 1 HP of drive, the equivalent of 1
GPM @ 1500 PSI can be produced.
Hydraulic cyl. piston travel speed:
S = CIM ÷ A Horsepower for idling a pump:
S is piston travel speed, inches per minute, To idle a pump when it is unloaded will
CIM is oil flow into cylinder, cubic inches require about 5% of its full rated horsepower.
per minute, A is piston area in square inches.
Compressibility of hydraulic oil:
Thrust or force of any cylinder: Volume reduction is approximately 1/2% for
T = A x PSI every 1000 PSI of fluid pressure.
T is thrust or force, in pounds, A is piston net
area in square inches, PSI is gauge pressure. Compressibility of water:
Volume reduction is about 1/3% for every
Force for piercing or shearing sheet metal: PSI pressure.
F = P x T x PSI
F is force required, in pounds, P is perimeter Wattage for heating hydraulic oil:
around area to be sheared, in inches, T is Each watt will raise the temperature of 1
sheet thickness in inches; PSI is the shear gallon of oil by 1˚F per hour.
strength rating of the material in pounds per
square inch. Flow velocity in hydraulic lines:
Pump suction lines 2 to 4 feet per second;
Side load on pump or motor shaft: pressure lines up to 500 PSI, 10 to 15
F = (HP x 63024) ÷ (RPM x R) feet/sec.; pressure lines 500 to 3000 PSI, 15
F is the side load, in pounds, against shaft; R to 20 ft./sec.; pressure lines over 3000 PSI,
is the pitch radius, in inches, of sheave on 25 ft./sec.; all oil lines in air-over-oil system,
pump shaft; HP is driving power applied to 4 ft./sec.
shaft.
80
Fluid Power Formulae
in SI Metric Units
Familiar fluid power formulae in English units are shown in the left
column. When the industry has converted to SI (International) units, these
formulae will take the forms shown in the right column.
English Units Metric Units

Torque, HP, Speed Relations in Hydraulic Pumps & Motors
T = HP x 5252 ÷ RPM T = Kw x 9543 ÷ RPM
HP = T x RPM ÷ 5252 Kw = T x RPM ÷ 9543
RPM = HP x 5252 ÷ T RPM = Kw x 9543 ÷ T
T = Torque, foot-lbs. T = Torque, Nm (Newton-metres)
RPM = Speed, revs/minute RPM = Speed, revs/minute
HP = Horsepower Kw = Power in kilowatts
Hydraulic Power Flowing Through the Pipes

HP = PSI X GPM ÷ 1714 Kw = Bars x dm3/min ÷ 600
HP = Horsepower Kw = Power in kilowatts
PSI = Gauge pres., lbs/sq. Inch Bars = System pressure
GPM = Flow, gallons per minute dm3/min. = Flow, cu. dm/minute
Force Developed by an Air or Hydraulic Cylinder

T = A x PSI N = A x Bars x 10
T = Force or thrust, in lbs. N = Cylinder force in Newtons
A = Piston area, square inches A = Piston area, sq. centimetres
PSI = Gauge pressure, lbs/sq. inch Bars = Gauge pressure
Travel Speed of a Hydraulic Cylinder Piston

S = V ÷A S = V ÷ 6A
S = Travel speed, inches/minute S = Travel speed, metres/sec.
V = Vol. of oil to cyl., cu. in/min. V = Oil flow dm3/minute
A = Piston area, square inches. A = Piston area, sq. centimetres
Barlow’s Formula – Burst Pressure of Pipe & Tubing

P = 2t x S ÷ O P = 2t x S ÷ O
P = Burst pressure, PSI P = Burst pressure, bars
t = Pipe wall thickness, inches t = Pipe wall thickness, mm
S = Tensile str., pipe mat’l, PSI S = Tensile str., pipe mat’l, bars
O = Outside diam. of pipe, inches O = Outside diam. of pipe, mm
Velocity of Oil Flow in Hydraulic Lines

V = GPM x 0.3208 ÷ A V - dm3/min ÷ 6A
V - Velocity, feet per second V - Oil velocity, metres/second
GPM = Oil flow, gallons/minute dm3/min = Oil flow, cu.dm/minute
A = Inside area of pipe, sq. inches A = Inside area of pipe, sq. cm
Recommended Maximum Oil Velocity in Hydraulic Lines

mps = metres per second
fps = feet per second
Pump suction lines - .6 to 1.2 mps
Pump suction lines - 2 to 4 fps Pres. lines to 35 bar - 3 to 4 1/2 mps
Pres. lines to 500 PSI - 10 to 15 fps Pres. lines to 200 bar - 4 1/2 to 6 mps
Pres. lines to 3000 PSI - 15 to 20 fps Pres. lines over 200 bar - 7 1/2 mps
Pres. lines over 3000 PSI - 25 fps Oil lines in air/oil system - 1 1/4 mps
Oil lines in air/oil system - 4 fps
81
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API API FLANGE AND RING JOINT DIMENSIONS
2,000 LB. TYPE 6B FLANGE
A
TYPE R
E
TYPE RX
E 23˚
TYPE BX TYPE 6BX FLANGE
A
3,000 LB. T
E 23˚
P
D RING GASKET RING GASKET RING GASKET D
G
Flange Ring Groove Bolt Studs

“Old” A
API Pressure Nom. Nom. Outside E Ring D Bolt
Rating Size* Size Dia.* T* P or G* Width* No. Circle* No. Size* Length*
2000 lb. WOG 2 1/16 2 6 1/2 1 5/16 3 1/4 15/32 23 5 8 5/8 4 1/2
(“R” or “RX” 2 9/16 2 1/2 7 1/2 1 7/16 4 15/32 26 5 7/8 8 3/4 5
Gasket) 3 1/8 3 8 1/4 1 9/16 4 7/8 15/32 31 6 5/8 8 3/4 5 1/4
4 1/16 4 10 3/4 1 13/16 5 7/8 15/32 37 8 1/2 8 7/8 6
7 1/16 6 14 2 3/16 8 5/16 15/32 45 11 1/2 12 1 7
9 8 16 1/2 2 1/2 10 5/8 15/32 49 13 3/4 12 1 1/8 8
11 10 20 2 13/16 12 3/4 15/32 53 17 16 1 1/4 8 3/4
13 5/8 12 22 2 15/16 15 15/32 57 19 1/4 20 1 1/4 9
16 3/4 16 27 3 5/16 18 1/2 15/32 65 23 3/4 20 1 1/2 10 1/4
21 1/4 20 32 3 7/8 23 17/32 73 28 1/2 24 1 5/8 11 3/4
3000 lb. WOG 2 1/16 2 8 1/2 1 13/16 3 3/4 15/32 24 6 1/2 8 7/8 6
(“R” or “RX” 2 9/16 2 1/2 9 5/8 1 15/16 4 1/4 15/32 27 7 1/2 8 1 6 1/2
Gasket) 3 1/8 3 9 1/2 1 13/16 4 7/8 15/32 31 7 1/2 8 7/8 6
4 1/16 4 11 1/2 2 1/16 5 7/8 15/32 37 9 1/4 8 1 1/8 7
7 1/16 6 15 2 1/2 8 5/16 15/32 45 12 1/2 12 1 1/8 8
9 8 18 1/2 2 13/16 10 5/8 15/32 49 15 1/2 12 1 3/8 9
11 10 21 1/2 3 1/16 12 3/4 15/32 53 18 1/2 16 1 3/8 9 1/2
13 5/8 12 24 3 7/16 15 15/32 57 21 20 1 3/8 10 1/4
16 3/4 16 27 3/4 3 15/16 18 1/2 21/32 66 24 1/4 20 1 5/8 11 3/4
83
*Dimensions in inches 20 3/4 20 33 3/4 4 3/4 23 21/32 74 29 1/2 20 2 14 1/2

API TYPE 6B FLANGE
A
TYPE R
E
TYPE RX
E 23˚
TYPE BX TYPE 6BX FLANGE
A
84
5,000 LB. T
E 23˚
10,000 LB. P
D RING GASKET RING GASKET RING GASKET D
G

“Old” A
5000 lb. WOG 2 1/16 2 8 1/2 1 13/16 3 3/4 15/32 24 6 1/2 8 7/8 6
(“R” or “RX” 2 9/16 2 1/2 9 5/8 1 15/16 4 1/4 15/32 27 7 1/2 8 1 6 1/2
Gasket) 3 1/8 3 10 1/2 2 3/16 5 3/8 15/32 35 8 8 1 1/8 7 1/4
4 1/16 4 12 1/4 2 7/16 6 3/8 15/32 39 9 1/2 8 1 1/4 8
7 1/16 6 15 1/2 3 5/8 8 5/16 17/32 46 12 1/2 12 1 3/8 10 3/4
9 8 19 4 1/16 10 5/8 21/32 50 15 1/2 12 1 5/8 12
11 10 23 4 11/16 12 3/4 25/32 54 19 12 1 7/8 13 3/4
API-BX 13 5/8 26 1/2 4 7/16 16.063 0.786 BX-160 23 1/4 16 1 5/8 12 1/2
5000 lb. WOG 16 3/4 30 3/8 5 1/8 18.832 0.705 BX-162 26 5/8 16 1 7/8 14 1/2
(“BX” Gasket) 18 3/4 35 5/8 6 17/32 22.185 1.006 BX-163 31 5/8 20 2 17 1/2
21 1/4 39 7 1/8 24.904 1.071 BX-165 34 7/8 24 2 18 3/4
API-BX 1 13/16 7 3/8 1 21/32 3.062 0.466 BX-151 5 3/4 8 3/4 5
10,000 lb. WOG 2 1/16 7 7/8 1 47/64 3.395 0.498 BX-152 6 1/4 8 3/4 5 1/4
(“BX” Gasket) 2 9/16 9 1/8 2 1/64 4.046 0.554 BX-153 7 1/4 8 7/8 6
3 1/16 10 5/8 2 19/64 4.685 0.606 BX-154 8 1/2 8 1 6 3/4
4 1/16 12 7/16 2 49/64 5.930 0.698 BX-155 10 3/16 8 1 1/8 8
5 1/8 14 1/16 3 1/8 6.955 0.666 BX-169 11 13/16 12 1 1/8 8 3/4
7 1/16 18 7/8 4 1/16 9.521 0.921 BX-156 15 7/8 12 1 1/2 11 1/4
9 21 3/4 4 7/8 11.774 1.039 BX-157 18 3/4 16 1 1/2 13
11 25 3/4 5 9/16 14.064 1.149 BX-158 22 1/4 16 1 3/4 15
13 5/8 30 1/4 6 5/8 17.033 1.279 BX-159 26 1/2 20 1 7/8 17 1/4
16 3/4 34 5/16 6 5/8 18.832 0.705 BX-162 30 9/16 24 1 7/8 17 1/2
18 3/4 40 15/16 8 25/32 22.752 1.290 BX-164 36 7/16 24 2 1/4 22 1/2
21 1/4 45 9 1/2 25.507 1.373 BX-166 40 1/4 24 2 1/2 24 1/2
*Dimensions in inches
API
15,000 LB.
20,000 LB.
“Old” A
API-BX 1 13/16 8 3/16 1 25/32 3.062 0.466 BX-151 6 5/16 8 7/8 5 1/2
15,000 lb. WOG 2 1/16 8 3/4 2 3.395 0.498 BX-152 6 7/8 8 7/8 6
(“BX” Gasket) 2 9/16 10 2 1/4 4.046 0.554 BX-153 7 7/8 8 1 6 3/4
3 1/16 11 5/16 2 17/32 4.685 0.606 BX-154 9 1/16 8 1 1/8 7 1/2
4 1/16 14 3/16 3 3/32 5.930 0.698 BX-155 11 7/16 8 1 3/8 9 1/4
7 1/16 19 7/8 4 11/16 9.521 0.921 BX-156 16 7/8 16 1 1/2 12 3/4
9 25 1/2 5 3/4 11.774 1.039 BX-157 21 3/4 16 1 7/8 15 3/4
11 32 7 3/8 14.064 1.149 BX-158 28 20 2 19 1/4
13 5/8 34 7/8 8 1/16 17.033 1.279 BX-159 30 7/8 20 2 1/4 21 1/4
18 3/4 45 3/4 10 1/16 22.752 1.290 BX-164 40 20 3 26 3/4
API-BX 1 13/16 10 1/8 2 1/2 3.062 0.466 BX-151 8 8 1 7 1/2
20,000 lb. WOG 2 1/16 11 5/16 2 13/16 3.395 0.498 BX-152 9 1/16 8 1 1/8 8 1/4
(“BX” Gasket) 2 9/16 12 13/16 3 1/8 4.046 0.554 BX-153 10 5/16 8 1 1/4 9 1/4
3 1/16 14 1/16 3 3/8 4.685 0.606 BX-154 11 5/16 8 1 3/8 10
4 1/16 17 9/16 4 3/16 5.930 0.698 BX-155 14 1/16 8 1 3/4 12 1/4
7 1/16 25 13/16 6 1/2 9.521 0.921 BX-156 21 13/16 16 2 17 1/2
9 31 11/16 8 1/16 11.774 1.039 BX-157 27 16 2 1/2 22 3/8
11 34 3/4 8 13/16 14.064 1.149 BX-158 29 1/2 16 2 3/4 23 3/4
13 5/8 45 3/4 11 1/2 17.033 1.279 BX-159 40 20 3 1/8 30
85
*Dimensions in inches
86
API TUBING TABLE

Nominal Weight Threaded and Coupled
Coup. Outside Dia. Integral Joint Col- Internal Joint Yield Strength
Tubing Size T&C Wall lapse Yield T&C Fill-Up
Non- T&C Int. Thick- Inside Drift Non- Upset Upset Drift Box Resis- Pres- Non- T&C Int. Volume
Nom. O.D. Up. Upset JT ness Dia. Dia. Up. Reg. Spec. Dia. O.D. tance sure Up. Upset Jt. bbl/
in. in. lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft Grade in. in. in. in. in. in. in. in. psi psi lb. lb. lb. 100 ft
1.050 1.14 1.20 H-40 .113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 7,200 7,530 6,360 13,300 .080
1.050 1.14 1.20 J-55 .113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 9,370 10,360 8,740 18.290 .080
3/4 1.050 1.14 1.20 C-75 .113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 12,250 14,120 11,920 24,940 .080
1.050 1.14 1.20 N-80 .113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 12,970 15,070 12,710 26,610 .080
1.315 1.70 1.80 1.72 H-40 .133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 .955 1.550 6,820 7,080 10,960 19,760 15,970 .107
1.315 1.70 1.80 1.72 J-55 .133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 .955 1.550 8,860 9,730 15,060 27,160 21,960 .107
1 1.315 1.70 1.80 1.72 C-75 .133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 .955 1.550 11,590 13,270 20,540 37,040 29,940 .107
1.315 1.70 1.80 1.72 N-80 .133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 .955 1.550 12,270 14,160 21,910 39,510 31,940 .107
1.660 2.10 H-40 .125 1.410 1.286 1.880 5,220 5,270 22,180 .205
1.660 2.30 2.40 2.33 H-40 .140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 1.286 1.880 5,790 5,900 15,530 26,740 22,180 .185
1.660 2.10 J-55 .125 1.410 1.286 1.880 6,790 7,250 30,500 .205
1 1/4 1.660 2.30 2.40 2.33 J-55 .140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 1.286 1.880 7,530 8,120 21,360 36,770 30,500 .185
1.660 2.30 2.40 2.33 C-75 .140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 1.286 1.880 9,840 11,070 29,120 50,140 41,600 .185
1.660 2.30 2.40 2.33 N-80 .140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 1.286 1.880 10,420 11,810 31,060 53,480 44,370 .185
1.900 2.40 H-40 .125 1.650 1.516 2.110 4,450 4,610 26,890 .264
1.900 2.75 2.90 2.76 H-40 .145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 1.516 2.110 5,290 5,340 19,090 31,980 26,890 .252
1 1/2 1.900 2.40 J-55 .125 1.650 1.516 2.110 5,790 6,330 36,970 .264
1.900 2.75 2.90 2.76 J-55 .145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 1.516 2.110 6,870 7,350 26,250 43,970 36,970 .252
1.900 2.75 2.90 2.76 C-75 .145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 1.516 2.110 8,990 10,020 35,800 59,960 50,420 .252
1.900 2.75 2.90 2.76 N-80 .145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 1.516 2.110 9,520 10,680 38,180 63,960 53,780 .252
2.063 3.25 H-40 .156 1.751 1.657 2.325 5,240 5,290 35,690 .298
2.063 3.25 J-55 .156 1.751 1.657 2.325 6,820 7,280 49,070 .298
2 1/16 2.063 3.25 C-75 .156 1.751 1.657 2.325 8,910 9,920 66,910 .298
2.063 3.25 N-80 .156 1.751 1.657 2.325 9,440 10,590 71,370 .298
2.375 4.00 H-40 .167 2.041 1.947 2.875 4,880 4,920 30,130 .429
2.375 4.60 4.70 H-40 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 5,520 5,600 35,960 52,170 .387
2.375 4.00 J-55 .167 2.041 1.947 2.873 6,340 6,770 41,430 .429
2.375 4.60 4.70 J-55 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 7,180 7,700 49,500 71,730 .387
2.375 4.00 C-75 .167 2.041 1.947 2.875 8,150 9,230 56,500 .429
2 3/8 2.375 4.60 4.70 C-75 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 9,380 10,500 67,430 97,820 .387
2.375 5.80 5.95 C-75 .254 1.867 1.773 2.875 3.063 2.910 12,180 14,040 96,560 126,940 .338
2.375 4.00 N-80 .167 2.041 1.947 2.875 8,660 9,840 60,260 .429
2.375 4.60 4.70 N-80 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 9,940 11,200 71,930 104,340 .387
2.375 5.80 5.95 N-80 .254 1.867 1.773 2.875 3.063 2.910 12,890 14,970 102,990 135,400 .338
2.375 4.60 4.70 P-105 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 13,250 14,700 94,410 136,940 .387
2.375 5.80 5.95 P-105 .254 1.867 1.773 2.875 3.063 2.910 17,190 19,650 135,180 177,710 .338
API TUBING TABLE
Nominal Weight Threaded and Coupled
Coup. Outside Dia. Integral Joint Col- Internal Joint Yield Strength
Tubing Size T&C Wall lapse Yield T&C Fill-Up
Non- T&C Int. Thick- Inside Drift Non- Upset Upset Drift Box Resis- Pres- Non- T&C Int. Volume
Nom. O.D. Up. Upset JT ness Dia. Dia. Up. Reg. Spec. Dia. O.D. tance sure Up. Upset Jt. bbl/
in. in. lb/ft lb/ft lb/ft Grade in. in. in. in. in. in. in. in. psi psi lb. lb. lb. 100 ft
2.875 6.40 6.50 H-40 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 5,230 5,280 52,780 72,480 .517
2.875 6.40 6.50 J-55 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 6,800 7,260 72,580 99,660 .517
2.875 6.40 6.50 C-75 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 8,900 9,910 98,970 135,900 .517
2 7/8 2.875 8.60 8.70 C-75 .308 2.259 2.165 3.500 3.668 3.460 12,200 14,060 149,360 185,290 .496
2.875 6.40 6.50 N-80 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 9,420 10,570 105,570 144,960 .517
2.875 8.60 8.70 N-80 .308 2.259 2.165 3.500 3.668 3.460 12,920 15,000 159,310 198,710 .496
2.875 6.40 6.50 P-105 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 12,560 13,870 138,560 190,260 .517
2.875 8.60 8.70 P-105 .308 2.259 2.165 3.500 3.668 3.460 17,220 19,690 209,100 260,810 .496
3.500 7.70 H-40 .216 3.068 2.943 4.250 4,070 4,320 65,070 .999
3.500 9.20 9.30 H-40 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 5,050 5,080 79,540 103,610 .869
3.500 10.20 H-40 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 5,680 5,780 92,550 .829
3.500 7.70 J-55 .216 3.068 2.943 4.250 5,290 5,940 89,470 .999
3.500 9.20 9.30 J-55 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 6,560 6,980 109,370 142,460 .869
3.500 10.20 J-55 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 7,390 7,950 127,250 .829
3.500 7.70 C-75 .216 3.068 2.943 4.250 6,690 8,100 122,010 .999
3 1/2 3.500 9.20 9.30 C-75 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 8,530 9,520 149,140 194,260 .869
3.500 10.20 C-75 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 9,660 10,840 173,530 .829
3.500 12.70 12.95 C-75 .375 2.750 2.625 4.250 4.500 4.180 12,200 14,060 230,990 276,120 .779
3.500 7.70 N-80 .216 3.068 2.943 4.250 7,080 8,640 130,140 .999
3.500 9.20 9.30 N-80 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 9,080 10,160 159,090 207,220 .869
3.500 10.20 N-80 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 10,230 11,560 185,100 .829
3.500 12.70 12.95 N-80 .375 2.750 2.625 4.250 4.500 4.180 12,920 15,000 246,390 294,530 .779
3.500 9.20 9.30 P-105 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 12,110 13,330 208,800 271,970 .869
3.500 12.70 12.95 P-105 .375 2.750 2.625 4.250 4.500 4.180 17,200 19,690 323,390 386,570 .779
4.000 9.50 H-40 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 3,580 3,960 72,000 1.222
4.000 11.00 H-40 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 4,420 4,580 123,070 1.173
4.000 9.50 J-55 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 4,650 5,440 99,010 1.222
4.000 11.00 J-55 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 5,750 6,300 169,220 1.173
4 4.000 9.50 C-75 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 5,800 7,420 135,010 1.222
4.000 11.00 C-75 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 7,330 8,600 230,750 1.173
4.000 9.50 N-80 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 6,120 7,910 144,010 1.222
4.000 11.00 N-80 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 7,780 9,170 246,140 1.173
4.500 12.60 12.75 H-40 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 3,930 4,220 104,360 144,020 1.521
4.500 12.60 12.75 J-55 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 5,100 5,800 143,500 198,030 1.521
4 1/2 4.500 12.60 12.75 C-75 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 6,430 7,900 195,680 270,040 1.521
4.500 12.60 12.75 N-80 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 6,810 8,430 208,730 288,040 1.521
87
METRIC API CASING DATA
Drift
O.D. Weight I.D. I.D. Area Capacity
in. lb/ft mm mm mm2 m3/100m
6.75 107.09 103.91 9032.24 .273
8.64 104.75 101.57 8580.63 .262
9.50 103.89 100.71 8451.60 .259
10.50 102.90 99.72 8322.56 .254
4 1/2 11.00 102.26 99.09 8258.05 .251
11.60 101.60 98.43 8129.02 .246
12.60 100.53 97.36 7935.47 .242
13.50 99.57 96.39 7806.44 .237
16.60 97.18 94.01 7419.34 .226
8.00 119.28 116.10 11161.27 .340
11.50 115.82 112.65 10516.11 .321
13.00 114.15 110.97 10193.53 .312
5 13.16 113.79 110.62 10193.53 .310
15.00 111.96 108.79 9870.95 .300
18.00 108.61 105.44 9290.30 .283
21.00 105.51 102.34 8709.66 .266
9.00 131.88 128.70 13677.39 .417
13.00 128.12 124.94 12903.20 .393
14.00 127.30 124.13 12709.65 .388
15.00 126.34 123.16 12516.10 .382
5 1/2 15.08 125.98 122.81 12451.59 .380
15.50 125.73 122.56 12387.07 .378
17.00 124.26 121.08 12193.52 .369
20.00 121.36 118.19 11548.36 .353
23.00 118.62 115.70 11032.24 .337
12.00 159.69 156.51 20064.48 .612
13.00 158.88 155.70 19806.41 .604
17.00 155.83 152.65 19096.74 .582
18.33 154.56 151.38 18774.16 .572
19.45 154.05 150.88 18645.12 .568
20.00 153.64 150.47 18516.09 .564
22.00 152.12 148.95 18193.51 .555
6 5/8 24.00 150.39 147.22 17741.90 .542
25.20 151.51 148.34 18064.48 .550
26.00 148.72 145.54 17419.32 .531
26.50 148.26 145.08 17290.29 .526
28.00 147.09 143.92 16967.71 .518
29.00 146.41 143.23 16838.68 .514
32.00 144.15 141.10 16322.55 .498
34.00 142.11 138.94 15870.94 .483
13.00 168.96 165.79 22387.05 .682
17.00 166.07 162.89 21677.38 .660
19.41 164.08 161.16 21161.25 .645
20.00 163.98 160.81 21096.73 .644
7 22.00 162.51 159.33 20709.64 .631
23.00 161.70 158.52 20580.60 .626
24.00 160.93 157.76 20322.54 .620
26.00 159.41 156.24 19935.44 .609
28.00 157.84 154.66 19548.35 .596
88
METRIC API CASING DATA
Drift
in. lb/ft mm mm mm2 m3/100m
29.00 157.07 153.90 19354.80 .591
29.50 156.67 153.49 19290.28 .588
30.00 156.31 153.14 19225.77 .585
32.00 154.79 151.61 18838.67 .574
33.70 153.62 150.44 18516.09 .564
7 34.00 153.42 150.24 18516.09 .563
35.00 152.50 149.33 18258.03 .556
35.30 152.40 149.23 18258.03 .556
38.00 150.37 147.19 17741.90 .540
40.00 148.23 145.06 17290.29 .526
20.00 180.98 177.80 25741.88 .784
21.21 179.96 176.78 25419.30 .774
24.00 178.44 175.26 25032.21 .762
26.40 177.01 173.84 24645.11 .750
7 5/8 29.70 174.63 171.45 23935.44 .730
33.70 171.83 168.66 23161.24 .708
36.00 170.31 167.13 22774.15 .695
38.00 169.04 165.86 22451.57 .684
39.00 168.28 165.10 22258.02 .677
45.00 163.70 160.53 21032.22 .641
20.00 208.05 204.88 33999.93 1.037
24.00 205.66 202.49 33225.74 1.013
25.55 205.00 201.83 33032.19 1.006
24.96 204.85 201.68 32967.68 1.005
28.00 203.63 200.46 32580.58 .992
29.35 202.72 199.54 32258.00 .983
8 5/8 32.00 201.19 198.02 31806.39 .970
32.40 201.09 197.92 31806.39 .968
36.00 198.76 195.58 31032.20 .946
38.00 197.49 194.36 30645.10 .933
40.00 196.22 193.04 30258.00 .922
44.00 193.68 190.50 29483.81 .898
49.00 190.78 187.60 28580.59 .871
32.30 228.63 224.66 41032.18 1.251
36.00 226.59 222.63 40322.50 1.229
38.00 225.68 221.72 39999.92 1.220
40.00 224.41 220.45 39548.31 1.205
9 5/8 42.00 223.49 219.53 39225.73 1.196
43.50 222.38 218.41 38838.63 1.184
47.00 220.50 216.54 38193.47 1.164
53.50 216.79 213.08 36967.67 1.126
58.00 214.25 210.54 36064.44 1.099
32.75 258.89 254.91 52645.06 1.604
40.50 255.27 251.31 51161.19 1.560
45.50 252.73 248.77 50193.45 1.529
10 3/4 51.00 250.19 246.23 49161.19 1.499
55.50 247.90 243.94 48257.97 1.471
60.70 245.36 241.40 47290.23 1.440
65.70 242.82 238.86 46322.49 1.412
89
IMPERIAL API CASING DATA
Drift
in. lb/ft mm in. sq. in. bbl/100'
6.75 4.216 4.091 14.0 1.72
8.64 4.124 3.999 13.3 1.65
9.50 4.090 3.965 13.1 1.63
10.50 4.051 3.926 12.9 1.60
4 1/2 11.00 4.026 3.901 12.8 1.58
11.60 4.000 3.875 12.6 1.55
12.60 3.958 3.833 12.3 1.52
13.50 3.920 3.795 12.1 1.49
16.60 3.826 3.701 11.5 1.42
8.00 4.696 4.571 17.3 2.14
11.50 4.560 4.435 16.3 2.02
13.00 4.494 4.369 15.8 1.96
5 13.16 4.480 4.355 15.8 1.95
15.00 4.408 4.283 15.3 1.89
18.00 4.276 4.151 14.4 1.78
21.00 4.154 4.029 13.5 1.67
9.00 5.192 5.067 21.2 2.62
13.00 5.044 4.919 20.0 2.47
14.00 5.012 4.887 19.7 2.44
15.00 4.974 4.849 19.4 2.40
5 1/2 15.08 4.960 4.835 19.3 2.39
15.50 4.950 4.825 19.2 2.38
17.00 4.892 4.767 18.9 2.32
20.00 4.778 4.653 17.9 2.22
23.00 4.670 4.555 17.1 2.12
12.00 6.287 6.162 31.1 3.85
13.00 6.255 6.130 30.7 3.80
17.00 6.135 6.010 29.6 3.66
18.33 6.085 5.960 29.1 3.60
19.45 6.065 5.940 28.9 3.57
20.00 6.049 5.924 28.7 3.55
22.00 5.989 5.864 28.2 3.49
6 5/8 24.00 5.921 5.796 27.5 3.41
25.20 5.965 5.840 28.0 3.46
26.00 5.855 5.730 27.0 3.34
26.50 5.837 5.712 26.8 3.31
28.00 5.791 5.666 26.3 3.26
29.00 5.764 5.639 26.1 3.23
32.00 5.675 5.550 25.3 3.13
34.00 5.595 5.470 24.6 3.04
13.00 6.652 6.527 34.7 4.29
17.00 6.538 6.413 33.6 4.15
19.41 6.460 6.345 32.8 4.06
7 20.00 6.456 6.331 32.7 4.05
22.00 6.398 6.273 32.1 3.97
23.00 6.366 6.241 31.9 3.94
24.00 6.336 6.211 31.5 3.90
26.00 6.276 6.151 30.9 3.83
28.00 6.214 6.089 30.3 3.75
90
IMPERIAL API CASING DATA
Drift
in. lb/ft mm in. sq. in. bbl/100'
29.00 6.184 6.059 30.0 3.72
29.50 6.168 6.043 29.9 3.70
30.00 6.154 6.029 29.8 3.68
32.00 6.094 5.969 29.2 3.61
7 33.70 6.048 5.923 28.7 3.55
34.00 6.040 5.915 38.7 3.54
35.00 6.004 5.879 28.3 3.50
35.30 6.000 5.875 28.3 3.50
38.00 5.920 5.795 27.5 3.40
40.00 5.836 5.711 26.8 3.31
20.00 7.125 7.000 39.9 4.93
21.21 7.085 6.960 39.4 4.87
24.00 7.025 6.900 38.8 4.79
26.40 6.969 6.844 38.2 4.72
7 5/8 29.70 6.875 6.750 37.1 4.59
33.70 6.765 6.640 35.9 4.45
36.00 6.705 6.580 35.3 4.37
38.00 6.655 6.530 34.8 4.30
39.00 6.625 6.500 34.5 4.26
45.00 6.445 6.320 32.6 4.03
20.00 8.191 8.066 52.7 6.52
24.00 8.097 7.972 51.5 6.37
25.55 8.071 7.946 51.2 6.33
24.96 8.065 7.940 51.1 6.32
28.00 8.017 7.892 50.5 6.24
29.35 7.981 7.856 50.0 6.18
8 5/8 32.00 7.921 7.796 49.3 6.10
32.40 7.917 7.792 49.3 6.09
36.00 7.825 7.700 48.1 5.95
38.00 7.775 7.625 47.5 5.87
40.00 7.725 7.600 46.9 5.80
44.00 7.625 7.500 45.7 5.65
49.00 7.511 7.386 44.3 5.48
32.30 9.001 8.845 63.6 7.87
36.00 8.921 8.765 62.5 7.73
38.00 8.885 8.729 62.0 7.67
40.00 8.835 8.679 61.3 7.58
9 5/8 42.00 8.799 8.643 60.8 7.52
43.50 8.755 8.599 60.2 7.45
47.00 8.681 8.525 59.2 7.32
53.50 8.535 8.389 57.3 7.08
58.00 8.435 8.289 55.9 6.91
32.75 10.192 10.036 81.6 10.09
40.50 10.050 9.894 79.3 09.81
45.50 9.950 9.794 77.8 09.62
10 3/4 51.00 9.850 9.694 76.2 09.43
55.50 9.760 9.604 74.8 09.25
60.70 9.660 9.504 73.3 09.06
65.70 9.560 9.404 71.8 08.88
91
NORRIS SUCKER RODS SPECIFICATIONS
Maximum Recommended Torque
For Norris Sucker Rods & Pony Rods
All torque values are ft. lbs.
Rod Grade D Grade D Grade D Special Special

Size Carbon (54) Alloy (78) Special Alloy Service Service
(75) (96) (97)
3/4" 430 460 470 500 500
7/8" 675 735 750 800 800
1" 1,010 1,100 1,110 1,200 1,200
1 1/8" N.A. 1,570 1,590 N.A. 1,700
*1 1/4" N.A. 2,000 2,100 N.A. 2,500
* Exclusive to Alberta Oil Tool. A non-API drive rod specifically designed

for torsional application.
- Alberta Oil Tool recommends the use of a larger diameter rod to increase
the allowable torque, rather than the next higher grade.
- 1" Rods (Grade 78 & 75) with 7/8" connections have the same torque
rating as conventional 1" rods.
- No derating factor for slimhole couplings.
- Values based on actual torsion test results.
Maximum Allowable Torque

For Norris Polished Rods
All torque values are ft. lbs.
Piston Norloy
Rod Size (C1045) (8620) 431 SS 4140 Alloy
1 1/4" 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,800
1 1/2" 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800
SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
92
NORRIS SUCKER RODS CARE AND HANDLING
Maximum Recommended Weight
Indicator Pull on a Sucker Rod String
The following calculates the maximum rig weight indicator pull on a stuck
rod string. The calculations are based on 90% of the minimum yield strength,
converted into pounds, for a rod string in “like new” condition. The
maximum load should be reached by a straight, steady pull and not a shock
load.
For a tapered string, calculate the total weight in pounds of all rods above the
bottom section. Add to this weight the values in the table below for the rod
type and size of the bottom section. This is the maximum load that should be
pulled on a rod string, the table values are the maximum pull.
ADDITIONAL WEIGHT INDICATOR
Rod Type Size Load in Pounds
Type 30 & 40 1" 42,400

7/8" 32,475
3/4" 23.850
5/8" 16,560
Type 54, 75 & 78 1 1/4" 99,400

1 1/8" 80,500
1" 63,625
7/8" 48,700
3/4" 35,780
5/8" 24,850
Type 96 & 97 1 1/4" 127,000

1 1/8" 102,880
1" 81,250
7/8" 62,200
3/4" 45,750
93
94
AXELSON SUCKER RODS

AXELSON QUENCHED AND TEMPERED SUCKER RODS – Pump Area = 4.124 in2 max, SG = 1.0, SF = 0.9
Allowable Torque, 3/4" Rods Allowable Torque, 7/8" Rods
500 800
Axelson S-88
750
450
Axelson S-88
700
Axelson S-87
400 Axelson S-87
650
Axelson S-67
Torque(ft-lbf)
Torque(ft-lbf)
Axelson S-67
350 600
550
300 Axelson S-60, S-59
500
Axelson S-60, S-59
250
450
200 400
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Well Depth(ft) Well Depth(ft)
AXELSON SUCKER RODS
Allowable Torque, 1" Rods Allowable Torque, 1-1/8" Rods

1200 1600
Axelson S-88 Axelson S-88
1100 1500
Axelson S-87 Axelson S-87

1000 1400
Axelson S-67
Torque(ft-lbf)
Torque(ft-lbf)
Axelson S-67
900 1300
800 1200
750 Axelson S-60, S-59 1100

Axelson S-60, S-59
600 1000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
95
Well Depth(ft) Well Depth(ft)

96
SUCKER ROD COMPARISON CHART

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (E. & O.E.)
Based on API Specification 11B

Yield Tensile
Color strength strength Elongation Reduction Brinel Heat
Manufacturer Type Code 1,000 psi 1,000 psi 8", % of area, % hardness Treatment
API GRADE C Carbon Steel
Axelson S-60 White 90/105 100/115 13-20 55-65 207-235 Quenched & Tempered
LTV 1 White 60/75 90/105 18-25 55-66 187-217 Normalized
National-Oilwell C White 60/75 90/105 19-24 53-68 185-217 Heat Treated
Norris 30 White 68/80 100/110 18-23 45-65 210-230 Normalized
Trico C11 White 60/75 90/115 18-23 50-65 190-205 Normalized
Upco 35 White 90/115 Heat Treated
API GRADE K Nickel Moly Alloy
Axelson S-59 Blue 90/105 100/115 13-20 55-65 207-235 Quenched & Tempered
LTV 5 Blue 75/85 88/105 16-25 60-70 182-217 Normalized & Tempered
National-Oilwell K Blue 70/85 85/105 16-25 60-70 182-217 Heat Treated
Norris 40 Blue 70/80 90/100 14-18 60-70 175-207 Normalized & Tempered
Trico K65 Blue 75/85 90/110 16Mn 60-70 180-220 Normalized & Tempered
Upco 45 Blue 85/115 Heat Treated
NOTES:
1. Information Sources API Specification 11B. 24th Edition 2. Color codes according to API Specification 11B, 24th Edition
LTV Sucker Rod Brochure P111, 10M-8/84 Grade C – White
National-Oilwell Sucker Rod Bulletin 155, Rev. 111, 5/90 SL Grade K – Blue
Norris Sucker Rod Brochure, Dec. 1, 1989 Grade D – Carbon Steel, Brown
Trico Sucker Rod Brochure, TB-170/2-86 – Chrome-Moly, Yellow
Upco Sucker Rod Bulletin FAX 11-6-90 – Special, Orange
World Oil Sucker Rod Tables, March 1987
M or MD = Modified MN = Minimum Mx = Maximum T = Typical
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (E. & O.E.)

Yield Tensile
Color strength strength Elongation Reduction Brinel Heat
Manufacturer Type Code 1,000 psi 1,000 psi 8", % of area, % hardness Treatment
API GRADE D Carbon Steel, Chrome-Moly Alloy and Special Alloy
Axelson S-67 Brown 110/125 120/135 11/17 55-65 248-277 Quenched & Tempered
Axelson S-87 Orange 115-130 125/140 12/17 55-65 248-280 Quenched & Tempered
LTV 3 Yellow 95/110 115/135 10-13 50-60 235-270 Normalized & Tempered
LTV 10 Orange 90Mn 115Mn 12-16 50-60 227-247 Normalized & Tempered
National-Oilwell D Yellow 95/110 115/135 10-13 50-60 235-280 Heat Treated
National-Oilwell KD Orange 90Mn 115Mn 14-18 50-60 227 Mn Heat Treated
Norris 54 Brown 90/110 120/135 14-18 45-60 250-280 Normalized & Tempered
Norris 78 Yellow 100/110 120/140 13-18 45-60 250-290 Normalized & Tempered
Norris 90 Orange 90/100 115/125 14-18 40-60 240-260 Normalized & Tempered
Trico D61 Yellow 90/110 115/140 10-15 50-65 241-280 Normalized & Tempered
Trico D63 Orange 95Mn 115Mn 14Mn 50-60 227-260 Normalized & Tempered
Upco 75 115/140 Heat Treated
Upco 95 115/140 Heat Treated
MISCELLANEOUS/SPECIAL SERVICE
Axelson S-88 Red 130/145 140/155 11/17 50-65 285-311 Quenched & Tempered
National-Oilwell EL Induction case hardened
Norris 97 115/125 140/150 13-18 45-55 295-311 Normalized & Tempered
Upco 50K Heat Treated
97

98

CHEMICAL ANALYSES (E. & O.E.)

Steel % % % % % % % % %
Manufacturer Type Type Carbon Mang. Phos. Sulpher Silicon Nickel Chromium Moly Other
API GRADE C Carbon Steel
Axelson S-60 1029Md .22-.29 1.00-1.32 .025Mx .04Mx .15-.30 .15Mx .20Mx .05Mx .35 Cu Mx
LTV 1 1536 .30-.37 1.20-1.50 .04Mx .05Mx .15-.30
National-Oilwell C 1536 .33-.43 1.20-1.65 .04Mx .05Mx .15-.30
Norris 30 C-1536M .34-.39 1.15-1.45 .04Mx .04Mx .20-.30 .35Mx .30Mx .06Mx .04-.07Va, .35MxCu
Trico C11 1536 .30-.37 1.20-1.50 .04Mx .05Mx .20-.30
Upco 35 1536*
API GRADE K Nickel Moly Alloy
Axelson S-59 46XX .14-.21 .55-.75 .025Mx .035MX .15-.35 1.65-2.00 .20-.30
LTV 5 4623Md .20-.25 .75-1.00 .04Mx .04Mx .20-.35 1.65-2.00 .20-.30
National-Oilwell K 4621Md .20-.25 .75-1.00 .03Mx .04Mx .15-.30 1.65-2.00 .03Mx .20-.30
Norris 40 A-4621M .20-.25 .60-.80 .035Mx .035MX .20-.30 1.65-2.00 .20MX .15-.25 .04-.07VA, .35MxCU
Trico K65 4623 .20-.25 .75-1.00 .04Mx .04Mx .15-.30 1.65-2.00 .20-.30
Upco 45 46XX
*Generally manufactured from, but not restricted to AISI 1536 **Any composition which can be effectively heat treated to the minimum ultimate tensile strength
NOTES:
1. Information Sources API Specification 11B. 24th Edition 2. Color codes according to API Specification 11B, 24th Edition
LTV Sucker Rod Brochure P111, 10M-8/84 Grade C – White
National-Oilwell Sucker Rod Bulletin 155, Rev. 111, 5/90 SL Grade K – Blue
Norris Sucker Rod Brochure, Dec. 1, 1989 Grade D – Carbon Steel, Brown
Trico Sucker Rod Brochure, TB-170/2-86 – Chrome-Moly, Yellow
Upco Sucker Rod Bulletin FAX 11-6-90 – Special, Orange
World Oil Sucker Rod Tables, March 1987
M or MD = Modified MÑ = Minimum Mx = Maximum T = Typical
CHEMICAL ANALYSES (E. & O.E.)

Steel % % % % % % % % %
Manufacturer Type Type Carbon Mang. Phos. Sulpher Silicon Nickel Chromium Molly Other
API GRADE D Carbon Steel, Chrome-Moly Alloy and Special Alloy
Axelson S-67 1029Md .22-.29 1.00-1.32 .025Mx .04Mx .15-.30 .15Mx .20Mx .05Mx .35CuMx
Axelson S-87 3130Md .22-.29 .71-1.00 .025Mx .035Mx .15-.35 .70-1.00 .41-.65 .05Mx .35CuMx
LTV 3 4142H .39-.46 .65-1.10 .04Mx .04Mx .20-.30 .75-1.20 .20-.30
LTV 10 Special .17-.22 .80-1.00 .35Mx .04Mx .15-.30 .90-1.50 .80-1.05 .22-.30 .02-.03Va, .40-.60Cu
National-Oilwell D 4142Md .39-.46 .65-1.10 .04Mx .05Mx .20-.35 .75-1.20 .15-.30
National-Oilwell Kd Special .18-.25 .60-1.05 .04Mx .04Mx .15-.35 .90-1.50 .60-1.05 .20-.30
Norris 54 C-1541Vm .40-.45 1.35-1.55 .025Mx .030Mx .20-.30 .35Mx .30Mx .06Mx .07-.08Va, .35MxCu
Norris 78 A-4142M .40-.45 .80-1.00 .035Mx .035Mx .20-.30 .45Mx .90-1.00 .15-.25 .02-.03Cb, .35MxCu
Norris 90 A-4320M .18-.23 .80-1.00 .025Mx .025Mx .20-.30 1.15-1.50 .70-.90 .20-.30 .05-.07Va, .35MxCu
Trico D61 4142 .40-.45 .75-1.00 .04Mx .04Mx .20-.30 .80-1.10 .15-.25
Trico D63 Special .22-.28 .65-.95 .04Mx .04Mx .15-.30 1.20-1.50 .60-.90 .20-.30 .40-.70Cu
Upco 75 Carbon**
Upco 95 Alloy**
MISCELLANEOUS/SPECIAL SERVICE
Axelson S-88 3130Md .22-.29 .71-1.00 .025Mx .35Mx .15-.35 .70-1.00 .41-.65 .05Mx .35CuMx
National-Oilwell EL Special .35-.39 .75-.95 .025Mx .035Mx .15-.35 1.45-1.75 .80-1.00 .20-.30 .03-.05Va
Norris 97 A-4340Sp .38-.43 .70-.90 .035Mx .040Mx .20-.35 1.65-2.00 .70-.90 .20-.30 .04-.07Va, .35MxCu
Upco 50K Alloy
*Generally manufactured from, but not restricted to AISI 1536 **Any composition which can be effectively heat treated to the minimum ultimate tensile strength
99

100
AXELSON SUCKER RODS MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED LOADS (IN POUNDS) FOR SUCKER RODS
ROD %ML ROD SIZE MAX. STRESS
GRADE PL 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 P.S.I.
90 17499 25194 34257 44745 56658 57000
80 15657 22542 30651 40035 50694 51000
70 14275 20553 27946 36502 46221 46500
60 13124 18895 25693 33559 42493 42750
S-59 50 12034 17326 23559 30772 38965 39200
S-60 40 11021 15868 21576 28181 35685 35900
30 10208 14696 19983 26101 33050 33250
20 9594 13812 18781 24531 31062 31250
10 9095 13094 17804 23255 29447 29625
0 8596 12376 16828 21980 27832 28000
90 19341 27846 37863 49455 62622 63000
80 17422 25083 34107 44549 56409 56750
70 15734 22652 30801 40231 50942 51250
60 14352 20663 28097 36699 46469 46750
S-67 50 13278 19116 25993 33951 42990 43250
S-87 40 12357 17790 24190 31596 40008 40250
30 11512 16575 22537 29437 37275 37500
20 10745 15470 21035 27475 34790 35000
10 10039 14453 19653 25669 32504 32700
0 9594 13812 18781 24531 31062 31250
90 21643 31161 42370 55342 70077 70500
80 19418 27956 38013 49651 62870 63250
70 17652 25415 34557 45137 57155 57500
60 16156 23260 31627 41310 52309 52625
S-88 50 14928 21492 29224 38170 48333 48625
40 13815 19890 27045 35325 44730 45000
30 12894 18564 25242 32970 41748 42000
20 12050 17348 23589 30811 39014 39250
10 11359 16354 22237 29045 36778 37000
0 10745 15470 21035 27475 34790 35000
HOW TO CUT ODD-ANGLE ELBOWS
45˚
37 1/2˚
22 1/2˚
G
15˚
F
10˚
E
5˚
D
GG
C
FF
EE
DD
1˚
B
BB
CC
A
AA
ODD DEGREE LONG RADIUS ELBOWS

NOM OUTSIDE ARC
SIZE A B C D E F G
2 5/64 3/8 23/32 1 3/32 1 21/32 2 3/4 3 9/32
2 1/2 3/32 7/16 29/32 1 11/32 2 1/32 3 3/8 4 1/16
3 7/64 9/16 1 1/8 1 5/8 2 15/32 4 3/32 4 29/32
3 1/2 1/8 5/8 1 9/32 1 29/32 2 27/32 4 3/4 5 11/16
4 9/64 23/32 1 7/16 2 5/32 3 1/4 5 13/32 6 15/32
5 3/16 29/32 1 25/32 2 11/16 4 1/32 6 23/32 8 1/16
6 7/32 1 1/16 2 5/32 3 7/32 4 27/32 8 1/16 9 21/32
8 9/32 1 7/16 2 27/32 4 9/32 6 13/32 10 11/16 12 13/16
10 11/32 1 25/32 3 9/16 5 11/32 8 13 11/32 16
12 7/16 2 1/8 4 1/4 6 3/8 9 9/16 15 31/32 19 5/32
14 1/2 2 7/16 4 7/8 7 5/16 11 18 5/16 22
16 9/16 2 13/16 5 19/32 8 3/8 12 9/16 20 15/16 25 1/8
18 5/8 3 1/8 6 9/32 9 7/16 14 1/8 23 9/16 28 9/32
20 11/16 3 1/2 7 10 15/32 15 23/32 26 3/16 31 13/32
22 3/4 3 27/32 7 11/16 11 17/32 17 9/32 28 13/16 34 9/16
24 27/32 4 3/16 8 3/8 12 9/16 18 27/32 31 13/32 37 11/16
26 29/32 4 17/32 9 3/32 13 5/8 20 13/32 34 1/32 40 27/32
30 1 1/32 5 1/4 10 15/32 15 3/4 23 9/16 39 1/4 47 1/8
34 1 5/32 5 29/32 11 27/32 17 13/16 26 23/32 44 17/32 53 3/8
36 1 7/32 6 1/4 12 17/32 18 7/8 28 7/32 47 56 7/32
42 1 7/16 7 5/16 14 5/8 22 32 31/32 54 31/32 65 15/16
101
ODD DEGREE LONG RADIUS ELBOWS
NOM INSIDE ARC
SIZE AA BB CC DD EE FF GG
2 1/32 5/32 5/16 15/32 23/32 1 3/16 1 7/16
2 1/2 3/64 3/16 13/32 19/32 29/32 1 1/2 1 13/16
3 3/64 1/4 1/2 23/32 1 3/32 1 13/16 2 5/32
3 1/2 1/16 9/32 9/16 27/32 1 9/32 2 1/8 2 9/16
4 1/16 5/16 21/32 31/32 1 15/32 2 7/16 2 15/16
5 5/64 13/32 13/16 1 1/4 1 27/32 3 3/32 3 23/32
6 3/32 1/2 1 1 1/2 2 7/32 3 23/32 4 15/32
8 1/8 11/16 1 11/32 2 3 1/32 5 1/32 6 1/32
10 5/32 27/32 1 11/16 2 17/32 3 25/32 6 5/16 7 9/16
12 7/32 1 2 1/32 3 1/16 4 9/16 7 19/32 9 1/8
14 1/4 1 7/32 2 7/16 3 21/32 5 1/2 9 5/32 11
16 9/32 1 13/32 2 13/16 4 3/16 6 9/32 10 15/32 12 5/8
18 5/16 1 9/16 3 1/8 4 23/32 7 1/16 11 25/32 14 1/8
20 11/32 1 3/4 3 1/2 5 1/4 7 27/32 13 3/32 15 11/16
22 3/8 1 29/32 3 27/32 5 3/4 8 5/8 14 3/8 17 9/32
24 13/32 2 3/32 4 3/16 6 9/32 9 7/16 15 11/16 18 27/32
26 15/32 2 9/32 4 17/32 6 13/16 10 7/32 17 1/32 20 13/32
30 17/32 2 5/8 5 1/4 7 7/8 11 25/32 19 5/8 23 9/16
34 19/32 2 31/32 5 29/32 8 29/32 13 3/8 22 9/32 26 11/16
36 5/8 2 13/16 6 1/4 9 7/16 14 1/8 23 5/8 28 1/4
42 23/32 3 21/32 7 5/16 10 19/32 16 1/2 26 3/8 32 31/32
102
ALIGNMENT OF PIPE
Proper alignment is important if a piping system is to be correctly fabricated.
Poor alignment may result in welding difficulties and a system that does not
function properly.
Welding rings may be employed to assure proper alignment as well as the

correct welding gap. In addition to using welding rings, some simple proce-
dures can be followed to assist the pipe fitter. Below and on the following page
are alignment procedures commonly used by today’s craftsmen.
PIPE-TO-PIPE
1 Level one length of pipe using
spirit level
2 Bring lengths together leaving
only small welding gap
3 Place spirit level over both
pipes as shown and maneuver
unpositioned length until both
are level
4 Tack weld top and bottom
5 Rotate pipe 90°
6 Repeat procedure
45° ELBOW-TO-PIPE
1 Level pipe using spirit level
2 Place fitting to pipe leaving
small welding gap
3 Place 45° spirit level on face of
elbow and maneuver elbow
until bubble is centered
4 Tack weld in place
90° ELBOW-TO-PIPE
2 Place fitting to pipe leaving
small welding gap
3 Place spirit level on face of
elbow and maneuver elbow
until level
103
TEE-TO-PIPE
2 Place tee to pipe leaving small
welding gap
3 Place spirit level on face of tee
and maneuver tee until level
FLANGE-TO-PIPE
1 Bring flange to pipe end
leaving small welding gap
2 Align top two holes of flange
with spirit level
4 Center square on face of flange
as shown
6 Check sides in same way
JIG FOR SMALL

DIAMETER PIPING
The jig is made from channel iron
3' 9" long. Use 1/8" x 1 1/2" for
pipe sizes 1 1/4" thru 3"; 1 1/8" x
3/4" for sizes 1" or smaller.
1 Cut out 90° notches about 9"

from end.
2 Heat bottom of notch with torch
3 Bend channel iron to 90° angle
and weld sides
4 Place elbow in jig and saw half
thru sides of channel iron as
shown. Repeat this step with
several elbows so jig may be
used for different operations.
5 A used hack saw blade placed
in notch as shown will provide
proper welding gap.
104
DRILL SIZES FOR PIPE TAPS
SIZE NUMBER DIAM. SIZE NUMBER DIAM.
OF TAP OF THREADS OF DRILL OF TAP OF THREADS OF DRILL
PER INCH PER INCH
1/8 27 11/32 2 11 1/2 2 3/16

1/4 18 7/16 2 1/2 8 2 9/16
3/8 18 37/64 3 8 3 3/6
1/2 14 23/32 3 1/2 8 3 11/16
3/4 14 59/64 4 8 4 3/16

1 11 1/2 1 5/32 4 1/2 8 4 3/4
1 1/4 11 1/2 1 1/2 5 8 5 5/16
1 1/2 11 1/2 1 49/64 6 8 6 5/16
TAP AND DRILL SIZES

(American Standard Coarse)
SIZE OF SIZE OF THREADS SIZE OF SIZE OF THREADS
DRILL TAP PER INCH DRILL TAP PER INCH
7 1/4 20 49/64 7/8 9

F 5/16 18 53/64 15/16 9
5/16 3/8 16 7/8 1 8
U 7/16 14 63/64 1 1/8 7
27/64 1/2 13 1 7/64 1 1/4 7
31/64 9/16 12 1 13/64 1 3/8 6

17/32 5/8 11 1 11/32 1 1/2 6
19/32 11/16 11 1 29/64 1 5/8 5 1/2
21/32 3/4 10 1 9/16 1 3/4 5
23/32 13/16 10 1 11/16 1 7/8 5
1 25/32 2 4 1/2
105
COATED ARC WELDING ELECTRODES
Types or Styles
A. W. S.
Classification
E 60 10 DIRECT CURRENT, REVERSE POLARITY, ALL POSITIONS.

All purpose. Moderately smooth finish. Good penetration.
This is the electrode used for most carbon steel pipe welding.
E 60 11 ALTERNATING CURRENT, ALL POSITIONS.

All purpose. Moderately smooth finish. Good penetration.
E 60 12 DIRECT CURRENT, STRAIGHT POLARITY, ALL POSITIONS.

High bead. Smooth, Fast. “Cold rod”.
E 60 13 ALTERNATING CURRENT, ALL POSITIONS.

High bead. Smooth, Fast. “Cold rod”.
E 60 15 DIRECT CURRENT, REVERSE POLARITY, ALL POSITIONS.

“Low hydrogen” electrode.
E 60 16 DIRECT CURRENT, OR ALTERNATING CURRENT, ALL

POSITIONS.
“Low hydrogen” electrode.
E 60 18 D I R E C T C U R R E N T, A L L P O S I T I O N S .
“Low hydrogen” iron powder electrodes.
E 60 20 DIRECT CURRENT, STRAIGHT POLARITY, FLAT POSITION

ONLY.
Flat bead, Smooth. Fast. Deep penetration.
Can be used with A. C. also. “Hot rod”.
E 60 24 DIRECT CURRENT, STRAIGHT POLARITY OR ALTERNATING

and CURRENT, FLAT POSITION ONLY.
E 60 27 Flat bead, Smooth. Fast. Deep penetration. “Iron powder electrodes”.
NOTE:
This information also applies to E 70, E 80, and E 100 Series.
The last two numbers (in bold type) designate the types or styles and the first
two numbers the minimum specified tensile strength in 1000 psi of the weld
deposit as welded.
106
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
E60 AND E70 SERIES ELECTRODES
RED.
AWS-ASTM TENS. YIELD ELONGATION IN AREA
ELECTRODE STRENGTH STRENGTH MIN. %
TYPICAL VALUES
E6010 62,000-70,000 52,000-58,000 22 to 28% 35
E6011 62,000-73,000 52,000-61,000
E6012 68,000-78,000 55,000-65,000 17 to 22% 25
MINIMUM VALUES
E7010 70,000 57,000 22

E7011 70,000 57,000 22
E7015 70,000 57,000 22
E7016 70,000 57,000 22
E7020 70,000 52,000 25
WELDING AND BRAZING TEMPERATURES

Carbon Steel Welding 2700-2790°F
Stainless Steel Welding 2490-2730°F
Cast Iron Welding 1920-2500°F
Copper Welding and Brazing 1980°F
Brazing Copper-Silicon with Phosphor-Bronze 1850-1900°F
Brazing Naval Bronze with Manganese Bronze 1600-1700°F
Silver Solder 1175-1600°F
Low Temperature Brazing 1175-1530°F
Soft Solder 200-730°F
Wrought Iron 2700-2750°F
107
108
TROUBLE-SHOOTING ARC WELDING EQUIPMENT

Trouble Cause Remedy
Welder will not start Power circuit dead. Check voltage.
(Starter not operating) Broken power lead. Repair.
Wrong supply voltage. Check nameplate against supply.
Open power switches. Close.
Blown fuses. Replace.
Overload relay tripped. Let set cool. Remove cause of overloading.
Open circuit to starter button. Repair.
Defective operating coil. Replace.
Mechanical obstruction in contactor. Remove.
Welder will not start Wrong motor connections. Check connection diagram.
(Starter operating) Wrong supply voltage. Check nameplate against supply.
Rotor stuck. Try turning by hand.
Power circuit single-phased. Replace fuse; repair open line.
Starter single-phased. Check contact of starter tips.
Poor motor connection. Tighten.
Open circuit in windings. Repair.
Starter operates and Fuse too small. Should be two to three times rated motor current.
blows fuse Short circuit in motor connections. Check starter and motor leads for insulation from ground and
from each other.
Welder runs but soon Wrong relay heaters. Renewal part recommendations.
stops Welder overloaded. Considerable overload can be carried only for a short time.
Duty cycle too high. Do not operate continually at overload currents.
Leads too long or too narrow in Should be large enough to carry welding current without
cross section. excessive voltage drop.
Power circuit single-phased. Check for one dead fuse or line.
Ambient temperature too high. Operate at reduced loads where temperature exceeds 100° F.
Ventilation blocked. Check air inlet and exhaust openings.
Welder arc is loud and Current setting too high. Check setting and output with ammeter.
spatters excessively Polarity wrong. Check polarity, try reversing, or an electrode of opposite polarity.
Welding arc sluggish Current too low. Check output, and current recommended for electrode being used.
Poor connections. Check all electrode-holder, cable, and ground-cable connections.
Strap iron is poor ground return.
Cable too long or too small. Check cable voltage drop and change cable.
Touching set gives shock Frame not grounded. Ground solidly.
Generator control fails to Any part of field circuit may be Find faulty contact and repair.
109
vary current short circuited or open circuited.

110

Welder starts but will not Wrong direction of rotation. See INITIAL STARTING.
deliver welding current Brushes worn or missing. Check that all brushes bear on commutator with sufficient tension.
Brush connections loose. Tighten.
Open field circuit. Check connection to rheostat, resistor, and auxiliary brush studs.
Series field and armature circuit open. Check with test lamp or bell ringer.
Wrong driving speed. Check nameplate against speed of motor or belt drive.
Dirt, grounding field coils. Clean and reinsulate.
Welding terminal shorted. Electrode holder or cable grounded.
Welder generating but Electrode or ground connection loose. Clean and tighten all connections.
current falls off when Poor ground. Check ground-return circuit.
welding Brushes worn off. Replace with recommended grade.
Sand to fit. Blow out carbon dust.
Weak brush spring pressure. Replace or readjust brush springs.
Brush not properly fitted. Sand brushes to fit.
Brushes in backwards. Reverse.
Wrong brushes used. Renewal part recommendations.
Brush pigtails damaged. Replace brushes.
Rough or dirty commutator. Turn down or clean commutator.
Motor connection single-phased. Check all connections.
BASIC WELDING SYMBOLS
ARC AND GAS WELDING
TYPE OF WELD
PLUG WELD
GROOVE FIELD FLUSH
BEAD FILLET AND ALL
WELD AROUND
SQUARE V BEVEL U J SLOT
LOCATION OF WELDING
ARROW (OR NEAR) OTHER (OR FAR) BOTH SIDES
SIDE OF JOINT SIDE OF JOINT OF JOINT
HELD WELD
SEE NOTES 30° INCLUDED ANGLE 40°

INCREMENT LENGTH
SIZE SIZE SIZE SIZE
14
34 34 12 2-5 34
A-1 B-2
78 14 18
SIZE WELD ALL
OFFSET IF PITCH OF AROUND
FLUSH ROOT OPENING ROOT OPENING SEE NOTE 5
STAGGERED INCREMENTS
1. In plan or elevation, near, far, and both sides, locations refer to nearest 5. Tail of arrow used for specification reference.
member parallel to plane of drawing and not to others farther behind. 6. All welds are continuous and of user’s standard proportions and all
2. In section or end views only, when weld is not drawn, the side to except V. and bevel-grooved welds are closed unless otherwise shown.
which arrow points is considered near side. 7. When welds are drawn in section or end views, obvious information is
3. Welds on both sides are of same size unless otherwise shown. not given by symbol.
4. Symbols govern to break in continuity of structure or to extent of 8. In joints in which one member only is to be grooved, arrows point to
111
hatching or dimension lines. that member.

SYMBOLS FOR PIPE FITTINGS
COMMONLY USED IN DRAFTING PRACTICE
112
113
114
115
116
MATERIAL SELECTION
Application Code: Body & Trim Seal Body & Trim Seal
E-Excellent Materials Materials Materials Materials
G-Good
Carbon Steel
Carbon Steel
Malleable &
Malleable &
Duct. Iron
Duct. Iron
TEFLON
TEFLON
Buna N
Buna N
F-Fair
Bronze
Bronze
316 SS
316 SS
Nylon
Nylon
Viton
Viton
U-Unsatisfactory
Acetic Acid U G E U E E G E Kerosene E E E E E E E E

Acetone E E E E E E U U Ketones E E E E G E U F
Acetylene (Dry) E E E G E E G E Linseed Oil E E E E E E G E
Air E E E E E E E E Liquified Pet. Gas G E E E E E E E
Alcohol Amyl G G E G G E G E Lubricating Oil E E E E E E E E
Alcohol Butyl G G E E G E G E Magnesium Hydroxide G G E F E E E E
Alcohol Ethyl Methyl G G E G E E G E Methane E E E E E E E E
Aluminum Chloride F G E G G E G E Methyl Acetone G E E E F E U F
Amines G E E E G E F F Methylamine G G G U F E F F
Ammonia Anhydrous G E E U F E G U Methyl Ethyl Ketone E E E E G E U F
Ammonia (Aqueous) G E E U G E G F Mineral Oil G G E G E E E E
Ammonia Solutions G G E U G E G F Molasses E E E E E E E E
Ammonium Carbonate G G E G E E G E Naphtha G E E E E E E E
Ammonium Hydroxide G G E U E E E E Naphthaline G E E E E E F E
Asphalt E E E E G E E E Nitric Acid F G G U U E U E
Barium Carbonate F G G G E E E E Nitrogen E E E E E E E E
Beet Sugar Liquors G G E G E E E E Oils, Animal E E E E E E E E
Benzaldehyde G E E E G E U F Oxygen G E E E E E E E
Benzene (Benzol) G E E G G E U G Ozone (Dry) G E E E G E G E
Bunker Oils (Fuels) G E E G E E E E Paints & Solvents E E E E F E F G
Butadiene G G E G E E E E Paraffin E E E E E E E E
Butane G E E E E E E E Pentane G E E E E E E E
Butylene E E E E G E U E Phenol U G G F U E U G
Carbon Disulfied F G G G G E U E Potassium Chloride F E E E E E E E
Carbon Dioxide (Dry) G E E E G E G E Potassium Cyanide G G G F E E E E
Carbonic Acid U G G F E E E E Potassium Hydroxide G G G U G E E E
Castor Oil G G E E E E G E Potassium Nitrate G G E F E E E E
Chlorine Gas (Dry) F G G G G E G G Propane G E E E E E E E
Chlorobenzene (Dry) G G E G G E U E Propylene Glycol G E E G F E E E
Crude Oil, Sweet G E E E E E E E Soap Solutions F G E E E E E E
Crude Oil, Sour F G E F E E E E Sodium Acetate F G G G E E E F
Cutting Oils, Water G G E E E E E E Socium Carbonate F G E G E E E E
Cyclohexane G E E E G E F E Sodium Chloride U F G G E E E E
Diesel Fuels G E E E E E E E Sodium Cyanide F G E U E E E E
Diethylamine G E E E G E G G Sodium Hydroxide 5% F F E U G E E G
Dowtherms G E E E G E U E Sodium Hydroxide 50% U F G U G E G G
Drifting Mud G G E G E E E E Sodium Nitrate F G E G E E E E
Ethane E E E E E E E E Sodium Perborate F G E F G E G E
Ethylene Glycol G G E G F E E E Sodium Phosphate F G E G E E E E
Ethylene Oxide G G F F G E U F Sodium Silicate F G E G E E E E
Fish Oils G G E G G E G E Sodium Sulfate F G E G E E E E
Formaldehyde (Cold) F G E E G E G E Sodium Sulfide F G E F G E G E
Freon (Dry) F G E G G E G G Sodium Sulfite F G F G E E E E
Fuel Oils G E E E E E E E Steam* G E E E U E F U
Gas, Natural G G E G E E E E Styrene G E E E U E U G
Gas Odorizers G G E E E E E E Sulpher Dioxide (Dry) F G E G G E F E
Gasoline (Leaded) G E E E E E G E Sulphur Trioxide (Dry) F G E G G E F G
Gasoline (Unleaded) G E E E E E G E Tall Oil F G E G E E E E
Glue E E E G E E E E Tar G E E E G E G E
Glycerine/Glycerol G G E G F E E E Toluene/Toluol G E E E F E U G
Glycols G G E G F E G E Transformer Oil G E E G E E E E
Hexane G E E E G G G E Tributyl Phosphate F G E G G E G G
Hydraulic Oils G G E E G E G E Turpentine F G E G G E F E
Hydrogen G G E G E E E E Water, Salt U U E F E E E E
Hydrogen Sulfide (Dry) G G E F E E F E Waxes E E E E E E E E
Hydrogen Sulfide (Wet) F G G F G E U E Xylene (Dry) G E E E G E U G
Iso-octane G E E E E E E E Zinc Chloride F G G F G E G G
Isopropyl Alcohol G E E G E E G E Zinc Sulphate F E E G E E E E
Isopropyl Ether G E E E G E E E
JP-5 Fuel E E E E E E E E
* EPT seals recommended for steam service.
117
ELECTRIC MOTOR SPECIFICATIONS
Fig 1. (143TC - 256 TC)

FRAME Fig. FLANGE
NO. NO. AJ AK① BB BC BD BF ➄ P T M AG C
284TC 9 10 1/2 1/4 –1/4 11 1/2-13 14 1/2 3 9 3/4 21 3/4 26 1/8
284TSC 9 10 1/2 1/4 –1/4 11 1/2-13 14 1/2 3 9 3/4 22 1/8 25 1/8

286TC 2 9 10 1/2 1/4 –1/4 11 1/2-13 14 1/2 3 10 1/2 23 1/4 27 5/8
286TSC 9 10 1/2 1/4 –1/4 11 1/2-13 14 1/2 3 10 1/2 23 5/8 26 5/8

324TC a 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 13 5/8-11 15 1/2 3 10 3/4 24 3/8 29 3/8
324TSC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 13 5/8-11 15 1/2 3 10 3/4 24 3/4 28 1/4
326TC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 13 5/8-11 15 1/2 3 11 1/2 25 7/8 30 7/8
326TSC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 13 5/8-11 15 1/2 3 11 1/2 26 1/4 29 3/4

364TC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 14 5/8-11 17 1/2 3 11 3/4 26 5/8 32 1/4
364TSC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 14 5/8-11 17 1/2 3 11 3/4 27 30 1/2
365TC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 14 5/8-11 17 1/2 3 12 1/4 27 5/8 33 1/4
365TSC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 14 5/8-11 17 1/2 3 12 1/4 28 31 1/2
404TC 2 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 15 1/2 5/8-11 19 1/8 3 9/16 13 32 7/16 39 7/16
404TSC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 15 1/2 5/8-11 19 1/8 3 9/16 13 33 5/16 37 5/16
405TC b 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 15 1/2 5/8-11 19 1/8 3 9/16 13 3/4 33 15/16 40 15/16
405TSC 11 12 1/2 1/4 –1/4 15 1/2 5/8-11 19 1/8 3 9/16 13 3/4 34 13/16 38 13/16
444TC 14 16 1/4 –1/4 18 5/8-11 22 1/16 4 3/8 15 38 7/16 46 11/16
444TSC 14 16 1/4 –1/4 18 5/8-11 22 1/16 4 3/8 15 39 43 1/2

445TC 14 16 1/4 –1/4 18 5/8-11 22 1/16 4 3/8 16 40 7/16 48 11/16
445TSC 14 16 1/4 –1/4 18 5/8-11 22 1/16 4 3/8 16 41 45 1/2
118
ELECTRIC MOTOR SPECIFICATIONS
Fig 2. (284TC - 445TC)

KEY WAY CONCUIT BOX ➂ SHAFT BEARINGS
FRAME KEY EXTENSIONS DRIVE OPP.D
NO. WIDTH DEPTH LENGTH AA AB AC AF AH U② V ➃ END END
284TC 1/2 1/4 3 1/4 1 1/2 12 10 1/4 3 1/2 4 3/8 1 7/8 4 3/8 6310 6310
284TSC 3/8 3/16 1 7/8 1 1/2 12 10 1/4 3 1/2 3 1 5/8 3 6310 6310
286TC 1/2 1/4 3 1/4 1 1/2 12 10 1/4 3 1/2 4 3/8 1 7/8 4 3/8 6310 6310
286TSC 3/8 3/16 1 7/8 1 1/2 12 10 1/4 3 1/2 3 1 5/8 3 6310 6310
324TC 1/2 1/4 3 7/8 2 13 3/4 11 7/8 5 1/2 5 2 1/8 5 6312 6312
324TSC 1/2 1/4 2 2 13 3/4 11 7/8 5 1/2 3 1/2 1 7/8 3 1/2 6312 6312
326TC 1/2 1/4 3 7/8 2 13 3/4 11 7/8 5 1/2 5 2 1/8 5 6312 6312
326TSC 1/2 1/4 2 2 13 3/4 11 7/8 5 1/2 3 1/2 1 7/8 3 1/2 6312 6312
364TC 5/8 5/16 4 1/4 3 14 5/8 12 5/8 5 1/2 5 5/8 2 3/8 5 5/8 6314 6312
364TSC 1/2 1/4 2 3 14 5/8 12 5/8 5 1/2 3 1/2 1 7/8 3 1/2 6312 6312
365TC 5/8 5/16 4 1/4 3 14 5/8 12 5/8 5 1/2 5 5/8 2 3/8 5 5/8 6314 6312
365TSC 1/2 1/4 2 3 14 5/8 12 5/8 5 1/2 3 1/2 1 7/8 3 1/2 6312 6312
404TC 3/4 3/8 5 5/8 3 15 9/16 13 5/8 5 1/2 7 2 7/8 7 6317 6313
404TSC 1/2 1/4 2 3/4 3 15 9/16 13 5/8 5 1/2 4 2 1/8 4 6313 6313
405TC 3/4 3/8 5 5/8 3 15 9/16 13 5/8 5 1/2 7 2 7/8 7 6317 6313
405TSC 1/2 1/4 2 3/4 3 15 9/16 13 5/8 5 1/2 4 2 1/8 4 6313 6313
444TC 7/8 7/16 6 7/8 3 21 1/4 16 1/2 8 5/8 8 1/4 3 3/8 8 1/4 6318 6318
444TSC 5/8 5/16 3 3 21 1/4 16 1/2 8 5/8 4 1/2 2 3/8 4 1/2 6313 6313
445TC 7/8 7/16 6 7/8 3 21 1/4 16 1/2 8 5/8 8 1/4 3 3/8 8 1/4 6318 6318
445TSC 5/8 5/16 3 3 21 1/4 16 1/2 8 5/8 4 1/2 2 3/8 4 1/2 6313 6313
119
WIRE SELECTION GUIDE
Two important considerations in choosing the conductor size for electric wiring are:
(1), the safe current carrying capacity, and (2), the voltage loss due to wire resistance. On
short runs, say up to 20 feet, voltage loss is very low and need not be considered. Wire
size should be selected for its current capacity as shown in Chart 1.
On longer runs, several hundred feet or more, the voltage loss may be too high if wire
size is selected solely on the basis of current capacity. A larger wire size should be used
to keep voltage loss to a selected minimum. Chart 2 may be used for this.
PERMISSIBLE VOLTAGE LOSS ...

There is always a voltage loss on any wiring run. The designer must decide on how
much loss can be tolerated without seriously affecting performance, and must select a
wire size in which this loss will not be exceeded. A rule-of-thumb suggests that electric
motors should not be run on a voltage less than about 10% of their nameplate rating. In
deciding on allowable voltage loss in the wiring, a designer must consider the minimum
available power line voltage which may occur at a certain time of the day. For example,
a 230-volt rated motor should not be run on less than 208 volts (which is 10% less than
nameplate voltage rating). If the lowest power line voltage is 220 volts, then the wiring
should not have more than 12 volts loss.
A rule that works in most cases is to choose a wire size which does not give more
than a 5% loss of input voltage.
CHART 1 - WIRE AMPACITY FOR SHORT WIRING RUNS
“Ampacity” is an abbreviation for ampere capacity. This chart is for short wiring runs
of less than 20 feet. Ampere capacity is taken from the NEC (National Electrical Code)
on wire sizes of No. 14 and larger. It is for insulated copper wire of the kind that is
widely used for house and building wiring. A larger ampere capacity is allowed on wire
with certain types of insulation when used under certain conditions, but the NEC
handbook should be consulted.
AMPERAGE RATING FOR COPPER WIRES
Wire size, B & S 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 0 00 000
In raceway or cable 6 9 15 20 30 40 55 70 80 95 110 125 145 165
In open air 8 12 20 25 40 55 80 105 120 140 165 195 225 260
CHART 2 - VOLTAGE LOSS ON LONG WIRING RUNS

This chart is for long wiring runs of several hundred feet or more. To use the chart,
several facts must be established: (1), the current draw of the device to be operated must
be determined; (2), the amount of voltage loss that can be tolerated must be decided on;
(3), the length of wire must be estimated or measured, using the sum of outgoing and
return wire lengths.
On 3-phase devices such as electric motors, each of the three wires must carry the
current shown on the motor nameplate. Wire length is the sum of two (not all three)
connecting wires.
Reading across the top of the chart to find the column which matches the amperage
rating of the device. Figures in this column show voltage losses for 1000 feet of wire
outgoing plus return. If for example, your total wire length was 250 feet, voltage losses
would be 1/4th that shown in the chart.
FIGURES IN CHART SHOW VOLTAGE LOSS PER 1000 FEET OF WIRE
Wire
Size Current Flow, Amperes
B&S 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 75 100
18 32.55 - - - - - - - - -
16 20.47 40.94 - - - - - - - -
14 12.88 25.75 38.63 - - - - - - -
12 8.095 16.19 24.28 32.38 - - - - -
10 5.090 10.18 15.27 20.36 25.45 30.54 - - - -
8 3.203 6.405 9.608 12.81 16.02 19.22 25.62 - - -
6 2.014 4.028 6.042 8.056 10.07 12.08 16.11 20.14 - -
4 1.267 2.533 3.800 5.068 6.335 7.602 10.14 12.68 - -
3 1.005 2.009 3.014 4.020 5.025 6.030 8.040 10.05 15.08 -
2 - 1.593 2.390 3.184 3.980 4.776 6.368 7.960 11.94 -
1 - 1.260 1.896 2.528 3.160 3.792 5.056 6.320 9.480 12.64
0 - 1.002 1.503 2.004 2.505 3.006 4.008 5.010 7.515 10.02
00 - - 1.193 1.592 1.990 2.388 3.184 3.980 5.970 7.960
000 - - - 1.262 1.575 1.890 2.520 3.150 4.725 6.300
0000 - - - 1.000 1.250 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.750 5.000
120
Full load current and suggested wiring and fuse sizes for standard 3-phase squirrel
cage induction motors, 60 Hz., normal torque, Class B insulation, 1.15 service
factor.
Current values shown in this chart are average values compiled from data published by several
motor manufacturers. They could be high or low for a specific motor. For selection of heater coils for
magnetic motor starters the selection should be made on the basis of the current rating on the motor
nameplate rather than from this table.
Wire sizes and fuse sizes are listed for reference only, and may vary with type of insulation, number
of conductors in a cable, etc. For new design, requirements of the NEC (National Electrical Code)
should be followed. In some cases it may be necessary to use delayed action fuses to properly protect
the wiring, and yet to avoid fuse blowing while motor is starting.
230-Volt Service 460-Volt Service

HP Speed F.L. Wire Fuse F.L. Wire Fuse
Amps. Size Amps. Amps. Size Amps.
(230v) (230v) (230v) (460v) (460v) (460v)
1 1200 3.76 14 10 1.88 14 6
1 1800 3.56 14 10 1.78 14 6
1 3600 2.80 14 10 1.40 14 6
1 1/2 1200 5.28 14 15 2.64 14 10
1 1/2 1800 4.86 14 15 2.43 14 10
1 1/2 3600 4.36 14 15 2.18 14 10
2 1200 6.84 14 20 3.42 14 10
2 1800 6.40 14 20 3.20 14 10
2 3600 5.60 14 20 3.80 14 10
3 1200 10.2 14 25 5.12 14 15
3 1800 9.40 14 25 4.70 14 15
3 3600 8.34 14 25 4.17 14 15
5 1200 15.8 12 30 7.91 14 20
5 1800 14.4 12 30 7.21 14 20
5 3600 13.5 12 30 6.76 14 20
7 1/2 1200 21.8 10 40 10.9 14 20
7 1/2 1800 21.5 10 40 10.7 14 20
7 1/2 3600 19.5 10 40 9.79 14 20
10 1200 28.0 8 60 14.0 12 30
10 1800 26.8 8 60 13.4 12 30
10 3600 25.4 8 60 12.7 12 30
15 1200 41.4 6 80 20.7 10 40
15 1800 39.2 6 80 19.6 10 40
15 3600 36.4 6 80 18.2 10 40
20 1200 52.8 4 110 26.4 8 60
20 1800 51.2 4 110 25.6 8 60
20 3600 50.4 4 110 25.2 8 60
25 1200 65.6 3 120 32.8 6 80
25 1800 64.8 3 120 32.4 6 80
25 3600 60.8 3 120 30.4 6 80
30 1200 78.8 1 150 39.4 6 80
30 1800 75.6 1 150 37.8 6 80
30 3600 73.7 1 150 36.8 6 80
40 1200 102 0 200 50.6 4 110
40 1800 101 0 200 50.4 4 110
40 3600 96.4 0 200 48.2 4 110
50 1200 126 000 250 63.0 3 120
50 1800 124 000 250 62.2 3 120
50 3600 120 000 250 60.1 3 120
60 1200 150 000 300 75.0 2 150
60 1800 149 000 300 74.5 2 150
60 3600 143 000 300 71.7 2 150
75 1200 184 300 350 92.0 0 200
75 1800 183 300 350 91.6 0 200
75 3600 179 300 350 89.6 0 200
100 1200 239 500 500 120 000 250
100 1800 236 500 500 118 000 250
100 3600 231 500 500 115 000 250
125 1200 298 - - 149 0000 300
125 1800 293 - - 147 0000 300
125 3600 292 - - 146 0000 300
150 1200 350 - - 174 300 350
150 1800 348 - - 174 300 350
150 3600 343 - - 174 300 350
200 1200 460 - - 230 500 500
200 1800 452 - - 226 500 500
121
PUMPJACK ENGINE SPECIFICATION CHART
122
SPECIFICATIONS 4 CYCLE ENGINES 2 CYCLE ENGINES

C-46 C-66 C-96 C-106 C-255 L-795 L-1770 L-2165 L-2165-FI
Rated Continuous HP at 10 HP 800 RPM 14 HP 700 RPM 20 HP 600 RPM 32 HP 800 RPM 55 HP 750 RPM 65 HP 600 RPM 125 HP 475 RPM 155 HP 475 RPM 200 HP 149 KW
Max Continuous RPM 7.5 KW 10.4 KW 14.9 KW 23.9 KW 41.5 KW 48.5 KW 93.2 KW 115.6 KW 475 RPM
5" X 6 1/4" 5 3/4" X 7 1/2" 7" X 8 1/2" 7 1/2" X 8 1/2" 7 1/2" X 7 1/2" 7 1/2" X 9" 9 1/2" X 12 1/2" 10 1/2" X 12 1/2" 10 1/2" X 12 1/2"
Bore & Stroke 127 x 159MM 146 X 190.5MM 178 X 216MM 190.5 X 216MM 190.5 X 190.5MM 190.5 X 228.6MM 241.3 X 317.5MM 266.7 X 317.5MM 266.7 X 317.5
122.7 C.I. 195 C.I. 327 C.I. 376 C.I. 660 C.I. 795 C.I. 1770 C.I. 2165 C.I. 2165 C.I.
Displacement 2 Liters 3.3 Liters 5.5 Liters 6.4 Liters 11.2 Liters 13.0 Liters 29.0 Liters 35.5 Liters 35.5
Compression Ration 4.8:1 5.2:1 4.8:1 6.2:1 7:1 5.3:1 5.5:1 5.3:1 5.3:1
RMP Range 400-800 350-700 300-600 300-800 400-750 300-600 200-475 200-475 200-475
WR2 (Spoke Flywheel) 290 LB FT2 600 LB FT2 1600 LB FT2 1760 LB FT2 1430 LB FT2 1760 LB FT2 5077 LB FT2 5077 LB FT2 5077 LB FT2
Moment of Inertia 12.18 Kg-M2 25.20 Kg-M2 67.20 Kg-M2 73.92 Kg-M2 60.06 Kg-M2 73.92 Kg-M2 213.23 Kg-M2 213.23 Kg-M2 213.23 Kg-M2
WR2 (QD Flywheel) 1850 LB FT2 1850 LB FT2
Moment of Inertia 77.88 Kg-M2 77.88 Kg-M2
1 7/16" 2 1/4" 2 1/4" 2 1/4" 3" 3" 3 1/2" 3 15/16" 3 15/16"
P.T.O. Shaft Size 36.5MM 57.2MM 57.2MM 57.2MM 76.2MM 76.2MM 88.9MM 100MM 100MM
7 QTS**** 7 QTS**** 11 QTS**** 11 QTS**** 25 QTS**** 7 GAL**** 20 GAL**** 20 GAL**** 20 GAL****
Oil Capacity 6.6 Liters 6.6 Liters 10.4 Liters 10.4 Liters 23.7 Liters 26.5 Liters 75.7 Liters 75.7 Liters 75.7
12 QTS 16 QTS 20 QTS 20 QTS 9 GAL 14 GAL 23 GAL 25 GAL 25 GAL
Water Capacity 11.4 Liters 15.1 Liters 18.9 Liters 18.9 Liters 34.1 Liters 53 Liters 87 Liters 94.6 Liters 94.6
Spark Plug Size 18MM 18MM 18MM 18MM 18MM 7/8"-18 7/8"-18 7/8"-18 7/8"-18
Exhaust Connection 1 1/2" NPT 2" NPT 2 1/2" NPT 2 1/2" NPT 2 1/2" NPT 4" FLANGED 6" FLANGED 6" FLANGED 6" FLANGED
Fuel Gas Pipe Size 1/2" NPT 1/2" NPT 1/2" NPT 3/4" NPT 3/4" NPT 1" NPT 1 1/4" NPT 1 1/4" NPT 1 1/4" NPT
Number & Size
Mounting Bolts 4 3/4" 4 3/4" 4-1" 4-1" 4-1" 4-1" 6-1" 6-1" 6-1"
Shipping 1360 LB 1640 LB 2580 LB 2690 LB 4510 LB 4500 LB 9800 LB 10250 LB 11000 LB
Weight 617 KG 744 KG 1170 KG 1220 KG 2045 KG 2041 KG 4445 KG 4649 KG 4989 KG
Truck Load QTY** 24 22 16 16 10 10 4 4 4
Safety Controls STANDARD: Water Level, Oil Pressure & Overspeed *** Standard: Water Level, Oil Temperature and Pressure & Overspeed
Ignition Starfire System Altronic Altronic
Fuel Gaseous* Gaseous*
Fuel System Impco Type Car. Impco Type Car.
Lubrication Full Pressure Full Pressure
Replaceable Replaceable
Filtration-Oil Full Flow Filter Full Flow Filter
Clutch-P.T.O. C-107-SP-5 C-110-HP-4 C-110-HP-3 SP-111-HP-3 SP-114-P1 SPE-114-PO SPE-314-PO SPE-314-PO SPE-314-PO
Arrow Portable Ring Gear Ring Gear Ring Gear 12-volt Std. 12-volt Std. Air Valve Std. Air Valve Std. Air Valve Std.
Starting Opt. Standard Standard Standard Air Motor Air Valve Std. 24-volt Opt. 24-volt Opt. 24-volt Opt.
Equipment Str. Opt. Air Motor Air Motor Air Motor Air Motor
Str. Opt. Str. Opt. Str. Opt. Str. Opt.
*INCLUDES: GASOLINE **45 ft TRUCK BED ***INCLUDES: OVERSPEED ON C-255 ****FOR OIL FILTER CHANGES ADD: 1 QT. ON C-SERIES 2 QTS. ON L-SERIES
TEMPERATURE DATA CHART
MELTING POINTS
This chart contains basic
information on working
with metals at elevated
temperatures. The most
commonly used metals are
listed.
TEMPERATURE COLOR
SCALE
Another use for the chart is
in estimating the
temperature of metals by
color when no heat
measuring devices are
available. Using the chart is,
in most cases, faster, while
maintaining a good degree
of accuracy.
CONVERSION DATA
A ready means for
converting fahrenheit to
centigrade is also provided.
123
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF GASES
Dry Air (1 cu. ft. at 60˚F. and 29.92" Hg. weighs .07638 pound) ............................. 1.000
Acetylene ................................................. C2H2 ......................................................... 0.91
Ethane ...................................................... C2H6 ......................................................... 1.05
Methane ................................................... CH4 ........................................................ 0.554
Ammonia ................................................. NH3 ........................................................ 0.596
Carbon-dioxide ........................................ CO2 .......................................................... 1.53
Carbon-monoxide .................................... CO ......................................................... 0.967
Butane ...................................................... C4H10 ..................................................... 2.067
Butene ...................................................... C4H8 ......................................................... 1.93
Chlorine ................................................... Cl2 .......................................................... 2.486
Helium ..................................................... He .......................................................... 0.138
Hydrogen ................................................. H2 ......................................................... 0.0696
Nitrogen ................................................... N2 ......................................................... 0.9718
Oxygen ..................................................... O2 ......................................................... 1.1053
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF LIQUIDS

TEMP
LIQUID ˚F SPECIFIC GRAVITY
Water (1 cu.-ft. weighs 62.41 lb.) 50 1.00
Brine (Sodium Chloride 25%) 32 1.20
Pennsylvania Crude Oil 80 0.85
Fuel Oil No. 1 and 2 85 0.95
Gasoline 80 0.74
Kerosene 85 0.82
Lubricating Oil SAE 10-20-30 115 0.94
TYPICAL BTU VALUES OF FUELS

ASTM BANK
SOLIDS BTU VALUES PER POUND
Anthracite Class I ................................................................................. 11,230
Bituminous Class II Group 1 ................................................................ 14,100
Bituminous Class II Group 3 ................................................................ 13,080
Sub-Bituminous Class III Group 1 ....................................................... 10,810
Sub-Bituminous Class III Group 2 ......................................................... 9,670
LIQUIDS BTU VALUES PER GAL.

Fuel Oil No. 1 ..................................................................................... 136,000
Fuel Oil No. 2 ..................................................................................... 138,000
Fuel Oil No. 4 ..................................................................................... 145,000
Fuel Oil No. 5 ..................................................................................... 148,000
Fuel Oil No. 6 ..................................................................................... 152,000
GASES BTU VALUES PER CU. FT.

Natural Gas ......................................................................................... 935 to 1132
Producers Gas ..................................................................................... 163
Illuminating Gas ................................................................................. 534
Mixed (Coke oven and water gas) ...................................................... 545
Value for natural gas from “Industrial Furnaces,” Volume II, by W. Trinks, page 2.
124
WEIGHTS OF METALS
CHEMICAL WEIGHT, IN POUNDS WEIGHT, IN POUNDS
MATERIAL SYMBOL PER CUBIC INCH PER CUBIC FOOT
Aluminum Al .093 160

Antimony Sb .2422 418
Brass – .303 524
Bronze – .320 552
Chromium Cr .2348 406
Copper Cu .323 558

Gold Au .6975 1205
Iron (cast) Fe .260 450
Iron (wrought) Fe .2834 490
Lead Pb .4105 710
Manganese Mn .2679 463

Mercury Hg .491 849
Molybdenum Mo .309 534
Monel – .318 550
Platinum Pt .818 1413
Steel (mild) – .2816 490

Steel (stainless) – .277 484
Tin Sn .265 459
Titanium Ti .1278 221
Zinc Zn .258 446
COLORS AND APPROXIMATE TEMPERATURE

FOR CARBON STEEL
Black Red .............................................................................................................. 990˚F
Dark Blood Red ..................................................................................................... 1050
Dark Cherry Red ................................................................................................... 1175
Medium Cherry Red .............................................................................................. 1250
Full Cherry Red ..................................................................................................... 1375
Light Cherry, Scaling ............................................................................................ 1550
Salmon, Free Scaling ............................................................................................ 1650
Light Salmon ......................................................................................................... 1725
Yellow ................................................................................................................... 1825
Light Yellow .......................................................................................................... 1975
White ..................................................................................................................... 2220
125
WATER PRESSURE TO FEET HEAD
POUNDS POUNDS
PER SQUARE FEET PER SQUARE FEET
INCH HEAD INCH HEAD
1 2.31 100 230.90
2 4.62 110 253.93
3 6.93 120 277.07
4 9.24 130 300.16
5 11.54 140 323.25
6 13.85 150 346.34
7 16.16 160 369.43
8 18.47 170 392.52
9 20.78 180 415.61
10 23.09 200 461.78
15 34.63 250 577.24
20 46.18 300 692.69
25 57.72 350 808.13
30 69.27 400 922.58
40 92.36 500 1154.48
50 115.45 600 1385.39
60 138.54 700 1616.30
70 161.63 800 1847.20
80 184.72 900 2078.10
90 207.81 1000 2309.00
NOTE: One pound of pressure per square inch of water equals 2.309 feet of water at 62˚ Fahrenheit.
Therefore, to find the feet head of water for any pressure not given in the table above, multiply the
pressure pounds per square inch by 2.309.
FEET HEAD OF WATER TO PSI

POUNDS POUNDS
FEET PER SQUARE FEET PER SQUARE
HEAD INCH HEAD INCH
1 .43 100 43.31
2 .87 110 47.64
3 1.30 120 51.97
4 1.73 130 56.30
5 2.17 140 60.63
6 2.60 150 64.96
7 3.03 160 69.29
8 3.46 170 73.63
9 3.90 180 77.96
10 4.33 200 86.62
15 6.50 250 108.27
20 8.66 300 129.93
25 10.83 350 151.58
30 12.99 400 173.24
40 17.32 500 216.55
50 21.65 600 259.85
60 25.99 700 303.16
70 30.32 800 346.47
80 34.65 900 389.78
90 38.98 1000 433.00
NOTE: One foot of water at 62˚ Fahrenheit equals .433 pound pressure per square inch. To find the
pressure per square inch for any feet head not given in the table above, multiply the feet head by .433.
126
BOILING POINTS OF WATER
AT VARIOUS PRESSURES
VACUUM, IN VACUUM IN
INCHES OF BOILING INCHES OF BOILING
MERCURY POINT MERCURY POINT
29 76.62 7 198.87
28 99.93 6 200.96
27 114.22 5 202.25
26 124.77 4 204.85
25 133.22 3 206.70
24 140.31 2 208.50
23 146.45 1 210.25
22 151.87 Gauge Lbs.
21 156.75 0 212.0
20 161.19 1 215.6
19 165.24 2 218.5
18 169.00 4 224.4
17 172.51 6 229.8
16 175.80 8 234.8
15 178.91 10 239.4
14 181.82 15 249.8
13 184.61 25 266.8
12 187.21 50 297.7
11 189.75 75 320.1
10 192.19 100 337.9
9 194.50 125 352.9

8 196.73 200 387.9
127
WIRE ROPE
Wire rope has largely displaced manila rope in hauling and
hoisting heavy loads. As with manila rope, the care of wire
rope has a direct bearing on its safe use.
Some of the reasons responsible for the use of wire rope in
place of manila are:
1. Greater strength for equal diameter and weight.

2. Equal strength either wet or dry.
3. Constant length regardless of weather conditions.
4. Greater uniformity in strength throughout.
5. Greater number of types for various uses.
6. Lower cost per unit of strength.
7. Greater durability, with equal care in use.
Strength of wire ropes vary, depending on the material from

which the individual strands are made and the method used in
forming the cable, ranging between 30 and 100 tons per
square inch.
Primarily there are 3 classes of wire rope: (1) iron, (2) cast
steel, and (3) plow steel.
Iron wire is soft and of low tensile strength, around 30 to 40
tons per square inch. Commonly used for drum type elevator
cables and to some extend for derrick guys; being replaced by
low-carbon steel wire in these uses.
Cast steel may have a tensile strength up to 90 tons per
square inch and because of its greater strength is generally
used for hoisting purposes. To check quickly whether a piece
of wire is iron or cast steel, bend it. Iron will bend easily and
take a long time to regain its original shape, while cast steel
will be harder to bend and will snap back to its original shape
very quickly.
128
Plow steel wire rope is made from high grade, open hearth
furnace steel and has an average tensile strength of 110 tons
per square inch. This is the best and safest wire rope for
cranes, derricks, dredges and slings or straps for heavy loads.
Lubrication – Wire Rope
All wire rope, whether used indoor or out, should in the

course of regular work be considered as a group of moving
wires constantly rubbing against one another, with friction
resulting. This friction causes incessant wear on the moving
parts of the wire rope or cable and will shorten its life very
rapidly unless lubricants are used to overcome the friction.
Cable or wire rope should be treated at regular intervals
with a lubricant to prevent rusting and to overcome the
friction. Lubricating intervals will depend on the types and
amount of work encountered. Under average conditions, if
worked steadily on equipment, wire rope or cable will require
lubrication once every 3 weeks. Where heavy abrasive dust
exist, more frequent lubrication is in order. Rusty ropes may
break without warning.
Sheaves
The life of wire rope or cable is directly affected by the

condition and size of the sheaves over which it is used.
Sheaves should be at least 16 x the diameter of the rope or
cable that is used over them. In passing over a sheave, the
inside portion of the cable, which is against the sheave, is
shortened and compression is developed in that section of the
cable. The outside portion (away from the sheave) is
lengthened or stretched, causing tension in that section. These
compressive and tensional stresses combine to create bending
129
stresses which increase rapidly as the diameter of the sheaves
decrease. As these bending stresses cause much undue wear
and directly shorten the safe working life of the rope or cable,
the ratio mention between sheaves and rope should be
maintained.
New wire rope may be badly injured and will not work
properly in sheaves that have become worn or in which the
grooves have become irregular in shape. When sheaves are
worn or damaged, it is more economical to renew the sheaves
rather than to allow excessive wear on the cable.
One cause of very severe wear in wire rope or cables is
reverse bending, which will shorten the life of the rope by
approximately 1/2. Reverse bending refers to the bending of a
cable or rope over sheaves, first in one direction then in
another.
Another cause of severe rope wear is twisting of the fall
rope. When the fall rope is twisted and a hoist is made, the
wear produced is equal to more than that resulting from weeks
of normal use. The man in charge of lifting operations should
guard against twisting of the fall rope and should not allow a
lift to be made if the fall rope is twisted.
Handling Cable or Wire Rope
Cable or wire rope cannot and must not be coiled or

uncoiled like manila rope. Cable or wire rope must be taken
off the reel in a straight line, avoiding kinking. The reel may
be mounted on a heavy pipe or roller facilitate unwinding. If
space is limited, the cable as it comes off the reel may be
layed out in a figure 8, after which it can be reeved into the
line for which it is intended.
130
Clamp Fastenings
When it is necessary to make a short bend, as in attaching wire rope or
when it is to be looped, thimbles should always be used. U BOLTS OF ALL
CLAMPS MUST BE ON THE DEAD END OF THE ROPE. In clamping a
strap or an eye, the loose or “dead” end is clamped against the main part of
the rope, with the clamps spaced apart a distance equal to 6 x diameter of the
rope. Clamp fastenings seldom develop more that 4/5 of rope strength at best.
The point of greatest fatigue and/or wear in a rope usually develops at or
near the end where it is clamped around the boom or where attached to the
becket on the block. Clamps should be inspected at least once weekly and
tightened if they show signs of loosening. All clamped or spliced fastenings,
especially those on cranes or derricks, should be shifted and changed at least
once every six months.
Number of Crosby or Safety Clips
and Distance Between Clips
Needed for Safety
Diameter Number of Distance Between
of Rope, Inches Clips Clips, Inches
1/4 – 3/8 3 2 1/4
7/16 – 5/8 3 3 3/4
3/4 – 1 1/8 4 6 3/4
1 1/4 – 1 1/2 5 9
1 5/8 – 1 3/4 6 10 1/2
6 times diam.
2 and over 7 of cable
131
Kinks in Wire Rope
Badly kinked wire Wire rope with kink Typical failure of a
rope partially removed kinked wire rope
Safe Load (in pounds) on Improved

Plow Steel Wire Rope
6 Strands, 19 or 37 Wire per Strand, Hempcore
Two Part Two Part Two Part
Sling Sling Sling
Weight Breaking
Single Per Strength
Diam. Circum. Vertical Foot, Tons,
Inches Inches Wirerope 60˚ 45˚ 30˚ Lbs. (2000 lbs)
1/4 3/4 1,100 1,900 1,550 1,110 .10 2.74
3/8 1 1/8 2,500 4,230 3,460 2,450 .23 6.10
1/2 1 1/2 4,300 7.450 6,080 4,300 .40 10.70
5/8 2 6,600 11,600 9,430 6,670 .63 16.70
3/4 2 1/4 9,400 16,500 13,450 9,520 .90 23.8
7/8 2 3/4 12,800 22,300 18,200 12,800 1.23 32.2
1 3 16,000 29,000 23,690 16,790 1.60 41.8
1 1/8 3 1/2 21,000 36,460 29.780 21,040 2,03 52.6
1 1/4 4 26,000 44,700 36,570 25,870 2,50 64.6
1 3/8 4 1/4 31,000 53,800 43,900 31,050 3.03 77.7
1 1/2 4 3/4 37,000 63,700 52,000 36,800 3.60 92.0
1 5/8 5 43,000 74,400 60,700 42,900 4.23 107.0
1 3/4 5 1/2 49,600 86,000 70,260 49,700 4.90 124.0
2 6 1/4 64,000 110,700 90,400 64,000 6.40 160.0
2 1/8 6 5/8 63,000 125,200 102,200 72,200 7.22 181.0
2 1/4 7 1/8 81,000 140,300 114,600 79,000 8.10 202.0
2 1/2 7 7/8 98,000 170,000 139,100 98,400 10.00 246.0
2 3/4 8 5/8 117,600 203,500 166,700 117,700 12.1 294.0
Wire rope is usually manufactured slightly larger than the

nominal diameter. The diameter of a new rope may exceed the
nominal diameter by the amounts shown in the United States
Federal Specification for Wire Rope.
132
HYDRAULIC TROUBLESHOOTING
Many of the failures in a hydraulic system show similar symptoms: a gradual or
sudden loss of high pressure, resulting in loss of power or speed in the cylinders. In fact,
the cylinders may stall under light loads or may not move at all. Often the loss of power
is accompanied by an increase in pump noise, especially as the pump tries to build up
pressure.
Any major component - pump, relief valve, directional valve, or cylinder could be at
fault. In a sophisticated system other components could also be at fault, but this would
require the services of an experienced technician.
By following an organized step-by-step testing procedure in the order given here, the
problem can be traced to a general area, then if necessary, each component in that area
can be tested or replaced.
STEP 1 - PUMP SUCTION STRAINER ...

Probably the field trouble encountered most often is cavitation of the hydraulic pump
inlet caused by restriction due to a dirt build-up on the suction strainer. This can happen
on a new as well as on an older system. It produces the symptoms described above:
increased pump noise, loss of high pressure and/or speed.
If the strainer is not located in the pump suction line it will be found immersed below
the oil level in the reservoir, as at Point A. Some operators of hydraulic equipment never
give the equipment any attention or maintenance until it fails. Under these conditions,
sooner or later, the suction strainer will probably become sufficiently restricted to cause
a breakdown of the whole system and damage to the pump.
The suction strainer should be removed for inspection and should be cleaned before
re-installation. Wire mesh strainers can best be cleaned with an air hose, blowing from
inside out. They can also be washed in a solvent which is compatible with the reservoir
fluid. Kerosene may be used for strainers operating in petroleum base hydraulic oil. Do
not use gasoline or other explosive or flammable solvents. The strainer should be
cleaned even though it may not appear to be dirty. Some clogging materials cannot be
seen except by close inspection. If there are holes in the mesh or if there is mechanical
damage, the strainer should be replaced.
When re-installing the strainer, inspect all joints, as at Point B for possible air leaks,
particularly at union joints. There must be no air leaks in the suction line. Check the
reservoir oil level to be sure it covers the top of the strainer by at least 3" at minimum oil
level, which is with all cylinders extended. If it does not cover to this depth there is
danger of a vortex forming which may allow air to enter the system when the pump is
running.
STEP 2 - PUMP AND RELIEF VALVE ...
If cleaning the pump suction strainer does not correct the trouble, isolate the pump
and relief valve from the rest of the circuit by disconnecting at Point E so that only the
pump, relief valve, and pressure gauge remain in the pump circuit. Cap or plug both ends
of the plumbing which was disconnected. The pump is now deadheaded into the relief
valve. Start the pump and watch for pressure build-up on the gauge while tightening the
adjustment on the relief valve. If full pressure can be developed, obviously the pump and
relief valve are operating correctly, and the trouble is to be found further down the line.
If full pressure cannot be developed in this test, continue with Step 3.
133
STEP 3 - PUMP OR RELIEF VALVE? ...
If high pressure cannot be obtained in Step 2 by running the pump against the relief valve,
further testing must be conducted to see whether the fault lies in the pump or in the relief
valve. Proceed as follows:
If possible, disconnect the reservoir return line from the relief valve at Point H. Attach a
short length of hose to relief valve outlet. Hold the open end of this hose over the reservoir
filler opening so the rate of oil flow can be observed. Start the pump and run the relief valve
adjustment up and down while observing the flow through the hose. If the pump is bad, there
will probably be a full stream of oil when the relief adjustment is backed off, but this flow
will diminish or stop as the adjustment is increased. If a flowmeter is available the flow can
be measured and compared with the pump catalog rating.
If a flowmeter is not available the rate of flow on small pumps can be measured by
discharging the hose into a bucket while timing with the sweep hand on a watch. For
example, if a volume of 10 gallons is collected in 15 seconds, the pumping rate is 40 GPM,
etc.
If the gauge pressure does not rise above a low value, say 100 PSI, and if the volume of
flow does not substantially decrease as the relief valve adjustment is tightened, the relief
valve is probably at fault, and should be cleaned or replaced as instructed in Step 5.
If the oil flow substantially decreases as the relief valve adjustment is tightened, and if
only a low or moderate pressure can be developed, this indicates trouble in the pump.
Proceed to Step 4.
STEP 4 - PUMP ...
If a full stream of oil is not obtained in Step 3, or if the stream diminishes as the relief
valve adjustment is tightened, the pump is probably at fault. Assuming that the suction
strainer has already been cleaned and the inlet plumbing has been examined for air leaks, as
in Step 1, the oil is slipping across the pumping elements inside the pump. This can mean a
worn-out pump, or too high an oil temperature. High slippage in the pump will cause the
pump to run considerably hotter than the oil reservoir temperature. In normal operation, with
a good pump, the pump case will probably run about 20˚F above the reservoir temperature. If
greater than this, excess slippage, caused by wear, may be the cause.
Check also for slipping belts, sheared shaft pin or key, broken shaft, broken coupling, or
loosened set screw.
STEP 5 - RELIEF VALVE ...

If the test of Step 3 has indicated the trouble to be in the relief valve, , the quickest remedy
is to replace the valve with another one known to be good. The faulty valve may later be
disassembled for inspection and cleaning. Pilot-operated relief valves have small orifices
which may be blocked with accumulations of dirt. Blow out all passages with an air hose and
run a small wire through orifices. Check also for free movement of the spool. In a relief valve
with the pipe thread connections in the body, the spool may bind if pipe fittings are over-
tightened. If possible, test the spool for bind before unscrewing threaded connections from
the body, or, screw in fittings tightly during inspection of the valve.
STEP 6 - CYLINDER ...
If the pump will deliver full pressure when operating across the relief valve in Step 2, both
pump and relief valve can be considered good, and the trouble is further downstream. The
cylinder should be tested first for worn out or defective packings by the method described on
Page ???.
STEP 7 - DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVE ...

If the cylinder has been tested (Step 6) and found to have reasonably tight piston seals, the
4-way valve should be checked next. Although it does not often happen, an excessively worn
valve spool can slip enough oil to prevent build-up of maximum pressure. Symptoms of this
condition are a loss of cylinder speed together with difficulty in building up to full pressure
even with the relief valve adjusted to a high setting. This condition would be more likely to
occur with high pressure pumps of low volume output, and would develop gradually over a
long period of time. Four-way valves may be tested by the method described on the next
page.
OTHER COMPONENTS ...

Check other components such as by-pass flow controls, hydraulic motors, etc. Solenoid 4-
way valves of the pilot operated type with tandem or open center spools may not have
sufficient pilot pressure to shift the spool.
134
COMMON PIPE CLAMPS
135
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USEFUL DEFINITIONS
ALLOY STEEL: A steel which owes its distinctive properties to

elements other than carbon.
AREA OF A CIRCLE: The measurement of the surface within a

circle. To find the area of a circle, multiply the product of the
radius times the radius by Pi (3.142). Commonly written A =
πr2.
BRAZE WELD OR BRAZING: A process of joining metals using a

nonferrous filler metal or alloy, the melting point of which is
higher than 800°F but lower than that of the metals to be
joined.
BUTT WELD: A circumferential weld in pipe fusing the abutting

pipe walls completely from inside wall to outside wall.
CARBON STEEL: A steel which owes its distinctive properties

chiefly to the various percentages of carbon (as distinguished
from the other elements) which it contains.
CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE : The measurement around the

perimeter of a circle. To find the circumference, multiply Pi
(3.142) by the diameter. (Commonly written as πd).
COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION: A number indicating the degree of

expansion or contraction of a substance.
The coefficient of expansion is not constant and varies with

changes in temperature. For linear expansion it is expressed as
the change in length of one unit of length of a substance
having one degree rise in temperature.
CORROSION: The gradual destruction or alteration of a metal or
alloy caused by direct chemical attack or by electrochemical
reaction.
CREEP :The plastic flow of pipe within a system; the

permanent set in metal caused by stresses at high
temperatures. Generally associated with a time rate of
deformation.
137
USEFUL DEFINITIONS
DIAMETER OF A CIRCLE : A straight line drawn through the

center of a circle from one extreme edge to the other. Equal to
twice the radius.
DUCTILITY: The property of elongation, above the elastic limit,

but under the tensile strength.
A measure of ductility is the percentage of elongation of the

fractured piece over its original length.
ELASTIC LIMIT : The greatest stress which a material can

withstand without a permanent deformation after release of
the stress.
EROSION: The gradual destruction of metal or other material by
the abrasive action of liquids, gasses, solids or mixtures
thereof.
RADIUS OF A CIRCLE: A straight line drawn from the center to

the extreme edge of a circle.
SOCKET FITTING: A fitting used to join pipe in which the pipe is

inserted into the fitting. A fillet weld is then made around the
edge of the fitting and the outside wall of the pipe.
SOLDERING: A method of joining metals using fusible alloys,

usually tin and lead. having melting points under 700°F.
STRAIN: Change of shape or size of a body produced by the

action of a stress.
STRESS: The intensity of the internal, distributed forces which
resist a change in the form of a body. When external forces act
on a body they are resisted by reactions within the body
which are termed stresses.
138
DEFINITIONS (Continued)
TENSILE STRESS: One that resists a force tending to pull a body

apart.
COMPRESSIVE STRESS: One that resists a force tending to crush

a body.
SHEARING STRESS: One that resists a force tending to make one

layer of a body slide across another layer.
TORSIONAL STRESS: One that resists forces tending to twist a

body.
TENSILE STRENGTH : The maximum tensile stress which a

material will develop. The tensile strength is usually
considered to be the load in pounds per square inch at which a
test specimen ruptures.
TURBULENCE: Any deviation from parallel flow in a pipe due

to rough inner walls, obstructions or directional changes.
VELOCITY: Time rate of motion in a given direction and sense,

usually expressed in feet per second.
VOLUME OF A PIPE: The measurement of the space within the

walls of the pipe. To find the volume of a pipe, multiply the
length (or height) of the pipe by the product of the inside
radius times the inside radius by Pi (3.142). Commonly
written as V= hπr2.
WELDING: A process of joining metals by heating until they are

fused together, or by heating and applying pressure until there
is a plastic joining action. Filler metal may or may not be
used.
YIELD STRENGTH: The stress at which a material exhibits a

specified limiting permanent set.
139
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviations conform to the practice of the American

Standard Abbreviations for Scientific and Engineering Terms,
ASA Z10.1.
abs.......................................................................................... Absolute
AGA ........................................................ American Gas Association
AISI .............................................. American Iron and Steel Institute
Amer Std .............................................................. American Standard
API ...................................................... American Petroleum Institute
ASA ................................................ American Standards Association
ASHVE ...... American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers
ASME ............................ American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM .................................. American Society for Testing Materials
AWWA ...................................... American Water Works Association
B & S ............................ Bell and spigot or Brown & Sharpe (gauge)
bbl ............................................................................................ Barrel
Btu .................................................................. British thermal unit(s)
C ........................................................................................ Centigrade
cfm .................................................................. Cubic feet per minute
cfs .................................................................... Cubic feet per second
CI .......................................................................................... Cast iron
CS ........................................................................................ Cast steel
Comp ................................................................................ Companion
C to F .......................................................................... Center to Face
°C ........................................................................ Degrees Centigrade
°F ........................................................................ Degrees Fahrenheit
diam .................................................................................... Diameter
dwg ...................................................................................... Drawing
ex-hy ................................................................................ Extra-heavy
F&D ........................................................................ Faced and drilled
F ........................................................................................ Fahrenheit
F to F .............................................................................. Face to face
flg ............................................................................ Flange or flanges
140
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (Continued)
flgd ........................................................................................ Flanged

g .................................................................................. Gage or gauge
hex .................................................................................... Hexagonal
hg .......................................................................................... mercury
IBBM ...................................... Iron body bronze (or brass) mounted
ID .............................................................................. Inside diameter
kw .................................................................................... Kilowatt(s)
MI ................................................................................ Malleable iron
max .................................................................................... Maximum
min ...................................................................................... Minimum
mtd ........................................................................................ Mounted
MSS ................................ Manufacturers Standardization Society (of
Valve and Fittings Industry)
NEWWA .............................. New England Water Works Association
NPS .................. Nominal pipe size (formerly IPS for iron pipe size)
OD .......................................................................... Outside diameter
OS&Y .......................................................... Outside screw and yoke
OWG ........................................................ Oil, water, gas (see WOG)
psig ...................................................... Pounds per square inch, gage
red ........................................................................................ Reducing
sch or sched .......................................................................... Schedule
scd ........................................................................................ Screwed
SF .................................................................................. Semifinished
Spec .............................................................................. Specification
SSP ................................................................ Steam service pressure
SSU .......................................................... Seconds Saybolt Universal
Std ........................................................................................ Standard
Trans .............................................................................. Transactions
WOG ........................................................ Water, oil, gas (see OWG)
WWP ............................................................ Working water pressure
XS .................................................................................... Extra strong
XXS .................................................................... Double extra strong
141
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MIDFIELD LOCATIONS
ALSASK (Sask) CALGARY

Kevin Munroe Ron Brown
P.O. Box 12, S0L 0A0 940, 505 - 3 St. S.W., T2P 3E6
Tel: (306) 968-2915 Tel: (403) 233-7166
Fax: (306) 968-2915 Fax: (403) 262-1695
ALSIKE CALGARY WAREHOUSE

Bruce Hale Rod Bryant
General Delivery, T0C 0C0 5, 4915 - 77 Ave. SE, T2C 2X4
Tel: (403) 696-2000 Tel: (403) 720-3668
Fax: (403) 696-3701 Fax: (403) 720-3669
BARRHEAD CEREAL
Melodee Jahner Keith Makelki
P.O. Box 4623, T7N 1A5 P.O. Box 35, T0J 0N0
Tel: (403) 674-6557 Tel: (403) 326-3744
Fax: (403) 674-3547 Fax: (403) 326-2289
BROOKS CLARESHOLM
Gary Koleyak Pete Toner
1140 - 2 St. W., T1R 1C1 #4 - 5324 1 St. E., T0L 0T0
P.O. Box 940, T1R 1B8 Tel: (403) 625-4838
Tel: (403) 362-3800 Fax: (403) 625-3710
Acct. Inquiries: (403) 793-2727
Cust. Serv. Fax: COMPEER
(403) 362-4151 Andy Makranoff
Acct. Inquiries Fax: General Delivery
(403) 362-6762 Compeer, AB, T0C 1A0
Tel: (403) 552-3844
Fax: (403) 552-2117
143
CORONATION HALKIRK
Darcy Kirschenman Todd Endersby
4457 Victoria Ave., T0C 1C0 General Delivery, T0C 1M0
Tel: (403) 578-3121 Tel: (403) 884-2500
Fax: (403) 578-3441 Tax: (403) 884-2400
DRAYTON VALLEY HARDISTY

Mike Ferrey Ernie Ziegler
5619 - 50 Ave. 4635 - 49 St., T0B 1V0
P.O. Box 7138, T7A 1S4 P.O. Box 58
Tel: (403) 542-7135 Tel: (403) 888-2584
Fax: (403) 542-5678 Fax: (403) 888-2587
DRUMHELLER LUSELAND (Sask)

Myles Travis P.O. Box 41
1121 Railway Ave. S Luseland, SK, S0L 2A0
P.O. Box 520, T0J 0Y0 Tel: (306) 372-4453
Tel: (403) 823-4884 Fax: (306) 372-4504
Fax: (403) 823-5974
MANNVILLE
EDMONTON Darcy Kirschenman
Ron Riopel R.R.#3, T0B 2W0
9610 - 39 Ave., T6E 5T9 Tel: (403) 763-2183
Tel: (403) 469-8122 Fax: (403) 763-2107
Fax: (403) 466-9624
PROVOST
FOX CREEK Rod McFadyen
Jean Desmarais 5308 - 49 Ave., T0B 3S0
Highway Ave., T0H 1P0 Tel: (403) 753-3055
Tel: (403) 622-3554 Fax: (403) 753-3983
Fax: (403) 622-4100
RED DEER
GULL LAKE (Sask) Mike Argent
Dave Meheden #103, 6439 - 67 St., T4P 1A3
Box 773, S0N 1A0 Tel: (403) 343-1110
Tel: (306) 672-3470 Fax: (403) 342-4755
Fax: (306) 672-3486
144
REDWATER TABER
Gordon Pylypiuk Jim Bedford
P.O. Box 828, T0A 2W0 6202 - 64 St., T1G 1Z3
Tel: (403) 942-3500 Tel: (403) 223-9366
Fax: (403) 942-2204 Fax: (403) 223-9370
RIMBEY WEYBURN (Sask)

Ron Keessar Glen Bernie
5020 - 45 Ave., T0C 2J0 1733 Railway Ave.
Box 102 P.O. Box 1437, S4H 3J9
Tel: (403) 843-3212 Tel: (306) 842-2728
Fax: (403) 843-3223
WHITECOURT
SHEERNESS Mark Trinier
Don Templer 3811 - 36 St., T7S 1P6
P.O. Box 1004 Hanna, AB P.O. Box 1950 T0E 2L0
Tel: (403) 854-2528 Tel: (403) 778-5400
Fax: (403) 854-3507 Fax: (403) 778-5277
SUNDRE
Raleigh Myggland
805 Main Ave. W
P.O. Box 149, T0M 1X0
Tel: (403) 638-4501
Fax: (403) 638-4531
145
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148
Alternating shades indicate Time zones.
When calculating actual time differences between areas,

consideration should be made for those areas which
adopt Daylight Time.
1 2
3
British
Columbia
Manitoba
Alberta
Saskatchewan

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

WELD FITTINGS & FLANGES

Every precaution has been taken to ensure the

The information contained in this booklet is

NOM WALL THICKNESS T 90˚ ELBOWS

2 2.375 .154 .218 .344 .436 3 2

5 5.563 .258 .375 .625 .750 7 1/2 5

14 14.000 .375 .500 – – 21 14

24 24.000 .375 .500 – – 36 24

36 36.000 .375 .500 – – 54 36

4 3/16 3 3/16 1 3/8 2 1/2 1 1/2* 2 1/2 6 3 5/8

10 5/16 7 3/4 3 18 4 7/8 3* 4 7/8 8 7 5/16

28 21 8 3/4 11 6 1/2* 11 12 16 1/4

– 54 22 1/4 26 1/2 10 1/2 – – –

•Dimensions apply to STD and XS only.

150 LB. FLANGES 300 LB. FLANGES 400 LB. FLANGES

See Notes on Page 10

2500 LB. FLANGES WELDING NECK FLANGE BORES

24 26 1/2 28 11/32 1/4 R76 5/16 9/16 1/2 0.206 1/8 – – – 24

24 – 12 27 1/4 1/2 24.000 23.000 0.500 0.240 0.031 150

* With lapped flanges use No. R-30 instead of No. R-31.

ANSI TO PN PRESSURE CHART

ANSI RATING PN RATING

TABLE 2-1.1 RATINGS FOR GROUP 1.1 MATERIALS

WORKING PRESSURES BY CLASSES, psig

Note: The tensile requirements for intermediate grades shall be obtained by

Nominal pressure Maximum cold working

Compliance Compliance Compliance

Manufacturing procedure Test locations

Grades Maximum carbon equivalent*, %

*The carbon equivalent shall be determined from the product analysis by

where F is a compliance factor that is dependent on carbon content and is

1 1/4 31.75 1/2 12.70 4 2 3/4 69.85 3 1/4 82.55

4 101.60 5/8 15.88 8 3 1/2 88.90 4 1/4 107.95

20 508.00 1 1/8 28.58 20 6 1/4 158.75 7 177.80

ANSI 300 LB FLANGES ANSI 400 LB FLANGES

ANSI 1500 LB FLANGES ANSI 2500 LB FLANGES

16 406.40 2 1/2 63.50 16 17 1/2 444.50 18 1/2 469.90

24 609.60 3 1/2 88.90 16 24 609.60 25 1/2 647.70

DIAM OF BOLT NO. OF SIZE LENGTH

EXTRA HEAVY CAST IRON COMPANION

DIAM DIAM NO. DIAM LENGTH

NOMINAL OUT- NOMINAL WALL

All dimensions are given in inches.

ASA-B36.10 and B36.19

ASTM CARBON STEEL PIPE AND FLANGE SPECIFICATIONS

tensile properties. The silicon content shall not exceed .35%.

ASTM MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIES CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, %

As above, except use Grade A for flanging and .050 .060

Electric-fusion-welded straight-or spiral-seam PIPE .30 to .040 .050

As above. A181 II – – .35 (5) .90 .050 .050

NOMINAL ACTUAL ACTUAL LENGTH IN FEET GALLONS

NOM. WEIGHT OF: WEIGHT OF:

WEIGHT PER FOOT OF

NOMINAL REGULAR EXTRA STRONG

1/2 0.91 0.93 0.96 1.19 1.23 1.25

TOTAL THERMAL EXPANSION OF PIPING

Tube Wall Tube Inside Burst Working Working

Copper Tubing Data

Tube Wall Tube Inside Burst Working Working

*Safety factor of 6:1. **Safety factor of 8:1.

*Safety factor of 6:1 **Safety factor of 8:1

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

From Table 5 Column 2 is found the face-to-face dimension of 33” for a