whjeh l:dj - 2016

ye`kau
1.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xld m%cd;dka;%sl iudcjd ckrcfha isfjks uqo,a wud;Hjrhd f,i
Y%S ,xldf 69 jeks whjeh 2016 jir i`oyd bm;a lsug ,eu uf.a Nd.Hhla fukau ug
,enqKq jrm%idohla f,i;a i,lkjd' w;s.re ckdm;s ffu;%Smd, isfiak ue;s;=udf.a iy
.re w.%dud;H rks,a l%uisxy ue;s;=udf.a mk; kdhl;ajh iy u`. fmkau hgf;a ishu
lafIa;%j, id:l;ajh wruqKq lr.;a whjehla bm;a lsf wjldYh ie,iS ;sfnkjd' 2016
jir i`oyd jk whjeh m%ldYh Y%S ,xld b;sydifha fuf;la bm;a fkdjQ wdldrfha iqfYaIS
whjehla f,i b;sydi.; jkafka th ksoyi ,efuka miq mej;s m<uq cd;sl rchg kEl
lshk ud ksfhdackh lrk cd;sl iyfhda.S;d rch Y%S ,dxlsl ck;djg kj wdl yd iudh
uxfm;a jr lrk whjehla jk neks'

2.

zk ishfha ma,jhZ f,i y`kajkq ,enQ 2015 ckjd ui 29 jeks k bm;a lrk ,o w;=re
whjeh fhdackd fndfyda Ialr;djhkag yd wmyiq;djhkag uqyqK ka nyq;r Y%S ,dxlsl
ck;djf.a wdl ksoyi ;yjqre lsug bjy,a jqkd' tu w;=re whjefhka ,ndka iyk
ms<sn`o .%y lsug ud W;aidy fkdlrk w;r b ld,h ;=<oS Y%S ,dxlSh cd;sfha Wkak;sh
Wfoid roYS wdl m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh lrka;j rg;a iyk ie,iSug n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjkjd'

3.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" .re ffu;%Smd, isfiak ue;s;=ud Y%S ,xldf ckdm;sjrhd f,i m;a
lsug talrdYS fjka Tjqkaf.a m%cd;dka;%jd whs;sh iy;sl lrka meye<s ;Skajla ,nd ka
Y%S ,dxlsl ck;djg uf.a m%Kduh mqo lsug f wjia:df leu;shs' Tjqka fuu ;Skaj ,nd
kafka wm fuf;la fkdgq m%cd;ka;%jdofha m%;suQ;shla n` ksoyia yd iduld ue;sjrKhla
;=<sks' miq.sh md,k iufha" la `k ck;djg m%;s,dN ,ndu fjkqjg whjeh bm;a lrk
g wm foijka msrefKa fkdkj;sk /,a,la n` jQ wdl lghq;= ms<sn`o mqridrj,sks' .re
l:dkhl;=uks" .re w.%dud;H;=uks" jir 2500 lg jvd je ixialD;sl yd cd;sl Wreuhla
iys; Y%S ,dxlSh cd;sfha yerjq ,laIHhla f,i 2015 ckjd ui 8 jeks k mej;s
ckdm;sjrKh k lrkakg mqjka' 2015 wf.daia;= ui meje;ajQ ;j;a tjeksu m%cd;ka;%jd
uy ue;sjrKhla ;=<ska kej;;a tu jru iy;sl l< ck;dj cd;sl iyfhda.S;d rchla m;a
lsug wjia:dj ,nd kakd' iuq;sjd foaYmd,k laula yd fkdfjkiajk iq m%;sm;a;sj,ska
hq;a .re rks,a l%uisxy ue;s;=udf.a lD;yia; yd lemjQ kdhl;ajh fuu ch.%yK folgu
w;sYhska fya;= jqKd'

4.

miq.sh udi 10 l fl ld,h ;=< Y%S ,xldf iudc wdl yd foaYmd,k lafIa;%hkays we;s jQ
mj;kh wdYaphj;a tllehs iksgqyka lrkakg mqjka'

b;du;a kdYld .c;=re

OfkaIajr zcd,hZ kej; ia:dmkh ug fkdyels f,i ioygu mrdch lr we;s w;r" ck;djg
hckl jQ iq jEka ixialD;sh iyuq,skau ;=rka lr" cq.=maidckl mjq,ajdoh uq,skqmqgd oud
we;' wo Y%S ,xldf idudkH ck;djg wdl m%;s,dN N=la;s `kakg wjia:dj ,e ;sfnkjd
muKla fkdj miq.sh md,k iufha isyskhlaj mej;s m%cd;ka;%jd ksoyi o N=la;s `k nj
f f.!rjkSh md,sfka;= .Nfha wiqka .;a ishu fokdu okakd i;Hhla' rdcH md,kh
.;al, miq.sh udi oyhl ld, mrdih b;d Ialr jljdkqjla jqkd' wnqold wdlhla yd
b;d f,i fNao NskakjQ ;;a;ajhla ;=< iq;r n,hla ys rchla f,i rg md,kh lr wm
,nd.;a jeo.;a ch.%yK yd miq l< iqfYaIS lvb" kj Y%S ,xldjla ys lrkakg w;d,u
oud we;'

5.

welagka idjrhdf.a iqfYaIS joka fm<la jQ zn,h Is;h" w;a;fkdau;sl n,h w;sYhskau
Is;hZ hkak fodaxldr fok iuhla ;ju;a wm u;lfhys b;sj ;sfnkjd' tu md,k iufha
wjika whr ;=< Y%S ,xldj zmydkshg ,la jQ ckrchlgZ <xfjka mej;s w;r ;% rgj,a o
wm fj; lajQfha iDKd;aul ms<s.ekSuls' fuu ld,h ;=< wm cd;shla f,i wmf.a wd;au
.re;ajh flf<id .;a;d muKla fkdj 'tia'mS ma,ia iykh kj;d u iy hqfrdamd
ix.uhg u;aiH wmkhk ;ykulgo n`ka ug o is jqkd' tfy;a miq.sh udi lsysmh ;=<
wm ixpdrh l< rgj, wmg ,enqKq m%;spdr b;du;a Okd;aul jQfha wm iska kej;
ia:dmkh lrk ,o hym;a m%cd;dka;%jd miqu ksidfjks'

6.

2015 ckjd udifha wm Ndr .;af;a wys wnqold ;;a;ajhl mej;s rgla' tu wnqoh
wdlhg muKla fkdj foaY lghq;=" iqNidOk" hymd,kh" kS;sh yd iduh yd m%;sm;a;s
.eg lrd o ys ;snqkd' ;j rg;a tu ;;a;ajh mej;=fka k th iuia; cd;shgu yd
wkd.; mrmrdjg o wk:ld n,mEula we;s l< yelsj ;snqKd' wm lD;yia; f,i fuu
wNsfhda.hg uqyqK ka w;r bhg;a fuu jka; wNsfhda.hg Yajdifhka yd ffOHfhka
hq;=j uqyqK h yels nj udf.a Yajdihhs' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" k ishfha ma,jh inkaO
wmf.a .uka u. ;=< tf;la mej;s iDKd;aul jd;djrKh Okd;aul m%jK;djhlg m;alr
.;yels wdldrh;a mj;sk wnqo ksrdlrKh l< yels wdldrh;a iksgqyka lr ;sfnkjd'

7.

miq.sh rcfha wdl m%;sm;a;s uQ,slju fodaIiy.;h' h fkdyels Kh nrla wdlh fj,d
.kska mej;=Kd' rcfha wdodhu o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i 1990 jir yd ii`ok
g wvlska muK wvq jQ w;r M,odhS fkdjk wdfhdack rdcH uQ,H jHqyh wlukH l< w;r"
wldhlaIu rdcH jHdmdr" Is; m%imdok l%shdj,Ska" wu;a foaY Kh .ekS yd fldka;%d;a
m%odkhka" hymd,kh yd ksoNdjh ydiHhg ,la l<d' rgl wdlh fkdu. .sh g
wu;a yd wjNd;hg ,la jQ g tys wkd.;h wka;rdhld ;;a;ajhl m;a fjkjd' Y%S
,xldj fuu wka;rdhld l,dmhg we;= jQfha miq.sh rcfha tu wu;a wdl m%;sm;a;s
fya;=fjkqhs'

8.

Y%S ,xldf foaY m%;sm;a;s wjq,aiy.; ;;a;ajhlg m;a ;snQ w;r rg

indOlj,g n`ka f wjodkulg o ,la ;snqKd'
j,ska ,o iS; wdOdrj,ska muKla iEySug

wdl

tfukau fmr wmf.a ;%YS,S rgj,a

m;afjka

wmg

;ksju wmf.a wdlh

fufyhug isjqkd' kdia;sh yd IKh weoysh fkdyels ugulg ,dug kdYld rdcH
m%;sm;a;s fya;= jQ w;r iDKd;aul l%ufo l%shdjg kexu ;=< tajdfhys mdl ug
isjqkd' iDKd;aul l%ufohka w;sYh kS;Hdkql+, fkdjk miq;,hla ;=< l%shd;aul jqkd'
o;djh msgq lSf jevigyk foaYmd,khg k;= jQ w;r tu m%;s,dN wjYH iy la `k
ck;djg flaka.; jQfha keye' rf kS;sh yd iduh f.da;%sl hq.hlg fhduq fjka mej;s
w;r Y%S ,xldj jevji hq.hlg wj;SK fjka mej;=Kd'
zrdcmlaI md,khZ Y%S ,xldf mej;s wNHka;r wnqoh yd ;%ia;jdoh ;=rka lsu i`oyd lghq;=
l< nj i;Hhls' tu ld,h ;=< Tjqkg ;%ia;jdoh ;=rka l< yels jQfha wmf.a wkNsNjkSh
;%sO yuqodj yd fmd,sish ,nd ka Yla;sh ksihs' tu md,k ld,fha ;%ia;jdoh ;=rka lsug
Tjqka h;al< l%shdoduhg wmf.a m%idoh ysh hq;=hs' tkuq;a wm wu;l fkdl< hq;= ;j;a
lreKq lsysmhla iy ;%ia;jdoS .uka uf`.ys yerjq ,laIHh o u;lhg k`.d .; hq;= fjkjd'
jI 2001 wjika Nd.h iajQfha Y%S ,xldf b;d wnqold ld, iuhla f,ihs' iDKd;aul
wdl jOkhla" ieyeislka msreKq hqOuh mirhla yd wdl uuia:dkj,g t,a, jQ
m%ydr Y%S ,xldj wrdl lsug iu;a jqkd'

f ld,fha n,hg meKs .re rks,a l%uisxy w.ue;s;=ud we;= rcfha iuq;sjd ixl,am
;=<ska wdlh u;a l<d muKla fkdj Y%S ,xldf miq.d;ajhg o ms<sh fhdokq ,enqjd'
tu md,k ld,h ;=< wdlh jOk udj;g fhduq jqKd' ;%sO yuqodf yd fmd,sisfha hqOuh
lghq;= i`oyd wjYH jQ hqO WmlrK" w wdhqO iy WKavj, wjYH;djhka imqrd .ekSug yels
jQfha Tjqkaf.a ;a; ffOhho h<s m%;sIaGdmkh lrks' flfia jqjo w;s.re f'wd' chjOk
ckdm;s;=udf.a ieka *a/kaisiaflda kqjr m%ldYfha joka fuys h<s;a isyshg kxjd.; hq;=nj
ud is;kjd' Oumofha i`oyka m zzffjrfhka ffjrh fkdixisf`oa" wffjrfhka ffjrh
ixisf`oaZZ hk nq jok wmg ieuod wod< fjkjd' ;%ia;jdoh ;=rka l< o Y%S ,xldf ishu
ck fldgiaj, m%idoh ch .ekSug Tjqkg fkdyels jqkd' wmf.a mrud:h jkafka wmf.a
jx.; kdhl;=ud m%ldY l< m lreKdj uq,afldgf.k ish ck fldgiays ckm%idoh ,nd
.ekSuhs'
9.

wm m%cd;ka;%jdoh h<s m%;sIaGdmkh l<d muKla fkdj NS;sh iy wjkS;sh msgq l ksoyia kj
me;slvla jr l<d' cd;sl m%;sm;a;s o m%;sia:dmkh lrkakg yels jqkd' 19 jk wdKavql%u
jHjia:dj ixfYdaOkh lsu u.ska 17 jeks ixfYdaOkfha jQ m%Odk m%;smdokhka m%;sIaGdmkh
fldg n,d;aul lrkq ,enqjd' ta wkqj jHjia:dodhl iNdj ia:dms; lr we;s w;r iajdk
fldIka iNd o m;a fldg ;sfnkjd' wmf.a wruqK iy n,dfmdfrd;a;=j jkafka Y%S ,xldf
ishu iudc ;,hkag fkk m hymd,kfha m%;s,dN <`.d lru jk w;r tfia lsug wm
wIaGdk lrf.k iskjd'

10.

wmf.a isyskh jkafka ;j;a ,k wdlhlska ims iuDoau;a rgla ys lsuhs' wmf.a
ix;DIal oYlh ^Happiness Index) by< ugul mej;sh hq;=hs' wmf.a cd;sh hy
.=Kfhka yd hymeje;afuka fy iuDoau;a cd;shla h hq;=hs' wmf.a W;aidyh jkafka
wkd.; mrmqrg m%;s,dN N=la;s `ug yels wdl ksoyila ,nd uhs' by< ue wdodh ,nk
wdlhlg mj;kh f wruqKska" fl" uOH yd .=ld,Sk Wmdhud. fhdod .kska iy
jHqyd;aul ixjOk wNsfhda. ie,ls,a,g .kska ilia lrk ,o wruqKq yd b,lal <`.d lr
.ekSu wmf.a wNsm%dhhs' wmf.a wruqK ,shkm;shka lsysmfofkl= i`oyd w;d,u u fkdj
,shkm;shka ,shk .Kkla ys lsu i`oyd wjldY i<id uhs'

11.

fuu miqu hgf;a" .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska 2015 fkdjen nj 05 k fuu f.!rjkSh
iNdjg bm;a lrk ,o m%;sm;a;s m%ldYh ;=<ska 2016 jir i`oyd jk whjehg w;d,u oud
;sfnkjd' tu.ska my; i`oyka uOHld,Sk Wmdh ud.hka fhdackd lr ;sfnkjd'
w&
wd&
we&
wE&
b&

12.

/lshd wjia:d oi ,laIhla yslsu

wdodh by< kexu
.%dh wdlh ixjOkh lsu
.%dh iy j;=lrfha ck;djg;a" uOHu mdka;slhkag iy rcfha fiajlhkag;a
foam, whs;sh ,nd u
Yla;su;a yd mq,a uOHu mka;shla ys lr,Su

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" tu m%;sm;a;s m%ldYh b;d fYaIs;hs' tu m%ldYh fuu whjefhys

mokuhs' Y%S ,xld wdlhg .=ld,Sk Okd;aul m%;sM, f.k fok cd;sl jYfhka jeo.;a
mq,a m%;sm;a;s tu m%ldYfha we;=<;a fjkjd'

wdl yd ixjOk b,lal <`.d lr .ekSu

i`oyd ksjer wdl w;d,ula w;HjYH nj tu.ska meye<sju fmkajd fokjd' ksh;
b,lal yd wruqKq <`.d lr.; yelafla tjeks Yla;su;a w;d,ula u; lghq;= lsfuka
muKhs' id:l b .ukla i`oyd wdl l%shdud.j, uQ,sl fjkial lsu w;HjYH nj
tu wdl m%ldYfhka biau;= lr we;af;a tu ksihs'
13.

tneka wm rcfha m%;sm;a;s imdokfha fjf<`ofmd, ksoyfia l%shd;aul ug we;s ndOd

bj;a lsu i`oyd wjOdkh fhduq lrkjd' m%;sm;a;s m%ldYfhys wvx.= ksoyia m%;sixialrK
3

l%shdud. f ;;a;ajh hgf;a fYaI jeo.;alula .kq ,nkjd' wfmalaIs; m%;sixialrK

fhdackd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdl lghq;= fmdaIKh lrkjd muKla fkdj ffOhu;a lsu o
is lrkq we;' tfiau" tu.ska iuia; wdl l%shdj,sh ;=< Tjqkaf.a Okd;aul odhl;ajh
;yjqre lrkq we;'
14.

fhda; m%;sm;a;s" wod< m%;sixialrK yryd l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk w;r" jir .Kkdjla mqrd
ksis wjOdkhla fhduq fkdl< rdcH jHjidhhka iy cd;Hka;r fj<`o lghq;= flfrys fYaI
wjOdkh fuys fhduq fjkjd' Y%S ,xldf jHdmdr m%cdjf.a Wkak;shg w.;s.dj n,mE
miq.sh rcfha lreu Wreuhkaf.ka uqod .ekSu i`oyd m%;sixialrKhka w;HjYH fjkjd' fodaI
iy.; wdl m%;sm;a;s yd wl%uj;a wdl l<ukdlrK mphka miq.sh rdcmlaI md,k
iufha olakg ,enqKq w;r fhda; m%;sixialrK yd l%uj;a wdl m%;sm;a;s Tiafia wm rch
tjeks iDKd;aul l%ufohka neyer lrkq we;'

15.

fujeks m%;sixialrK ;=<ska foaYSh jHdmdr lafIa;%hkays ;r`.ld;ajh je hqKq fldg

cd;Hka;r fj<`ofmd< iy wdfhdack m%jOkh fukau Y%S ,dxlslhkaf.a ksmqK;djh iy
M,odhS;djh jOkh l< hq;= w;r tys cd;Hka;r wdl m%jK;d ms<sn`oj o ie,ls,a,
fhduql< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' ta jf.au wm iudc idOdrK;aj uQ,Ou u; mokj kqu flaka
lr.;a iudc fjf<`om, wdlhla o f.dvke.sh hq;= fjkjd'

16.

wdl lafIa;%h muKla fkdj foaYmd,k" iudcuh" wOHdmk yd fi!LH lafIa;%hka o

Yla;su;a lsu i`oyd iqiq hdka;%Khka ia:dms; lsu wmf.a ie,iquhs' Y%S ,dxlslhkaf.a uQ,sl
wjYH;d jk bv" ksjdi" wOHdmk iy fi!LH ms<sn`oj wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq fldg
;sfnkjd' .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska 2015 fkdjen 05 jk k fuu W;a;;r iNdjg bm;a
lrk ,o m%;sm;a;s m%ldYfhys fuu ish lreKq wka;.;j ;sfnkafka tneks'

17.

wm .ska .gu wjdOdkhg ,la l< hq;af;a wmf.a m%Odk jfkdamdh jk

lDIsludka;h

k`.d isgqu i`oydhs' wmf.a wdlh lDIsluh u; mok fjkjd' wdYsjdo,;a cd;shla f,i
wmf.a cd;sh k l< yelshs' wmf.a w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud wNsudkfhka hq;=j m%ldY lrkafka
t;=ud f.d ckmohlska yd f.d mrmrdjlska mejf;k njhs' w;s.re ffu;%Smd, isfiak
ckm;s;=udf.a lDIsldl fufyjr ;=<ska Y%S ,xldj wdydrfhka iqrlaIs; jkjd muKla fkdj
lDIsldl ksIamdok wmkhkhgo fkdfnda l,lska fhduq jkq we;s' tg wmyg Y%S ,xldj
b;sydifha i`oyka m h<s;a wdishdf OdkHd.drh f,i k l< yelsjkq we;' wmf.a w;s.re
ckdm;s ffu;%Smd, isfiak ue;s;=udf.a ksrka;r lemu Y%S ,xldf lDIs wdlh idrj;a
m%;s,dNhkag n`ka lsug fya;=jkq we;'
18.

ksoyiska miq mej;s rchka l%shd;aul lrk ,o wdl m%;sm;a;s Yaf,aIKh lr ne,Sfuka
j;udk ;;a;ajhkag fya;= jQ Okd;aul yd iDKd;aul ;;a;ajhka y`kd.ekSug wjia:dj
,efnkjd'

2016 whjeh i`oyd jQ miqu

19.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fuu whjeh fhdackd bm;a lsf mdol jQ miqu ms<sn`oj
Tn;=udf.a wjOdkh fhduq lrug ud ka leu;shs' 1948 jIfha ksoyi ,enQ od isg wo
olajd Y%S ,xldf wdl m%;sm;a;Ska Okjd" iudcjd yd iqNidOk wdl uQ,Ou u;
foda,kh jqkd' fjka fjka md,k iuhka ;=< fuu wdl m%;sm;a;s iDcqj" jl%j fyda Y%j
l%shd;aul jQ nj wm okakd lreKla'

ksoyi ,enQ od isg 1977 olajd

20.

1948 wm ,o ksoyi fl;r iduld jQfhao hkak fyd`kau iksgqyka jk joka fm<la Y%S
,dxldf

YsIaG;u b;sydi{hl= jk uydpdh fla t o is,ajdf.a fl igykla ;=<ska

m%ldYs;hs' tod t;=ud Y%S ,xldj ye`kajQfha zzkS;sh" iduh yd ia:djr;ajfha lafIau N+hlaZZ
jYfhkqhs' fojk f,dal hqoaOfhka miqj ksoyi ,nd .ekSu i`oyd wr., l< fjk;a fndfyda
rgj,a yd ii`ok g wm ,o ch.%yKh iqfYaIS fjkjd' ta ukao h;a fndfyda rgj, ksoyia
wr., f,a je.s iy wkfmalaIs; isj,ska .yk jQ nekqhs'
21.

Y%S ,dxlsl foaYmd,k b;sydifha" j;auka cd;sl iyfhda.s;d rchg wkqrEms; ;j;a rchla f,i
k l< yelafla uydudkH 'tia' fiakdkdhl ue;s`ka isxy, uyd iNdj iy fou<
fldka.%ih o we;=j ish

m%cdjka taldnoaOj ia:dms; l< m<uq ksoyia rchhs'

tl, Y%S

,xldf wdlh uqukskau lDIsluh mok lr.;a wdlhla jQ w;r f;a" rn iy fmd,a
lDIsldl wdlfha fld` kdrh fukau m%Odk wmkhk NdKav f,i o k l< yelshs'
tjeks oa;aj wdlhla tl, ck;djf.a wdl wjYH;d imqrd,Sug bjy,a jqkd' weuldkq
fvd, 120 la muK jQ tal mqoa., wdodhu yd weuldkq fvd, ,shk 1 la muK jQ wdlh
tu iufha m%Odk wdl oYl f,i k lrkakg mqjka'
22.

fuu ld, mrdih ;=< Y%S ,xldj ksoyia fj<`om,la f,i cd;Hka;rhg o ldYh jQfha wju jQ
wdl kshdukhka u;h' tfia jqj;a" wmkhk wvq ugul mej;Su yd wLKavj l%shd;aul jQ
iqNidOk myiql wdlh wjodkulg ,la l<d' foaYmd,k jYfhka l%shd;aul l<
iqNidOk myiql wdl ixjOkhg wys;lr f,i n,mE w;r fkdfhla jHjidhhka
ie,iqula fkdue;sj cki;= lsf l%shdj,shg ,lau o wdlfha w.;s.d;ajhg n,mEula
we;s lrkq ,enqjd'

23.

70 oYlfha werUqu;a iu`. Y%S ,dxlslhka i,dl iy wdl iSudnkaOk u.ska neKq ixjD;
wdlhla foig rg fhduq jqkd' tu md,k iuh u;l we;s ish,a,kagu tod mej;s zyd,a
fmdZ iy zmdka fmda,sZ ms<sn|j wlue;af;ka fyda u;lhg f.dkq lr .; yels jkq we;s'
tmuKla fkdj" frms<s iy wfkl=;a uQ,sl wjYH;djhka tu i,dl iy iSud nkaOk u;
flaka.; jQ neka ck;djf.a wdl ksoyi o ienkau iSud jqKd' tu ld, mfoh ;=<
f;dard.;a mdfNda.sl NdKav m%jdykhgo ndOl mkjkq ,enQjd' Y%S ,xldf m%:u Odhl
ckdm;sjrhd jQ w;s.re f' wd' chjOk ue;s;=ud 1977 l%shd;aul l< jD; wdl
m%;sm;a;s mok lr.;a m%;sixialrK ;=<ska Y%S ,xldj jD; wdl rgdjlg fhduq lrjkq
,enQjd'

24.

1977 o wmf.a wdlh t;r Yd, wdlhla f,i k l< fkdyelafla wefuldkq
fvd, 294 la jQ tal mqoa., wdodhu iy wefuldkq fvd, ,shk 4'1 l muK wdlhla
f,i mej;Su ksidh' ;jo" 1948 isg 1977 olajd ;sia jirla ;=< tal mqoa., wdodhu jOkh
we;af;a wefuldkq fvd, 174 la jeks iq ugulsks'

1977 kj ka;kh
25.

tlai;a cd;sl mlaI rch 1977 w;sYsIaG ch.%yKhla ,nd.;a w;r Y%S ,xld wdlh jD;
wdlhla f,i laIKslj mj;kh jqkd' ta wkqj" jD; wdlhlg fhduq jQ ol=Kq
wdishdf m%:u rg njg Y%S ,xldj m;a jqKd' fuu ksoyia wdl m%;sm;a;s

O foaY

wdfhdaclhkag M,odhS jHdmD;Skays wfhdack wjia:d <d l< w;r Y%S ,xldfjys mej;s
iudcjd iSud udhs iys; ixjD; wdl l%ufohkaf.ka bj;aj jeka; wdl jOkhla
,nd .ekSug fya;= jqKd'
26.

wdkhk iSudjka wju lsu" uQ,H fjf<`om, ksoyia lsu" taldnoaO foaY ksuh l%uhla
y`kajd u" rdcH wdh;k u.ska is jQ fj<| taldldrh bj;a lsu" , md,k l%ufo ,sys,a
lsu iy rdcH wdh;khka fm!oa.,SlrKh lsu fuu ld,h ;=< isjQ l%shdld m%;sixialrK
5

fjkjd' fuu wdl m%;sixialrK l%shdj,sfha m%Odk ixl,am wkqj rgl wdl jOkfha
l%shdld hdka;%Kh jk f,i fm!oa.,sl wxYhg wdrdOkd ,enqKq w;r zrchlg jHdmdr lsf
jHdmdrhg fhduq h fkdyelZ hk lshuk fuu m%;sm;a;shg b;du inkaO fjkjd'
27.

osjx.; w;s.re f' wd' chjOk ckdm;sjrhdf.a wud;H uKav,h iqfYaIS jQ foaYmd,k
p;hkaf.ka iuka; jQ w;r tys m%Odk p; f,i osjx.; w;s.re rKisxy fm%auodi" udf.a
.=re jQ osjx.; .re ,,s;a we;=,;auqo,s" osjx.; .re .dKS idkdhl iy .re frdkS o fu,a
hk kduhka isysm;a lrkjd' tfukau tjlg tu wud;H uKav, ;=< ke`.S wd foaYmd,k
;rejla jQ j;auka w.%dud;H .re rks,a l%uisxy ue;s;=ud o lghq;= lrkq ,enqjd' fuu iqfYaIS
foaYmd,k p;hka Y%S ,xldf wdlh hyu.g fhduq fldg wdl jOk f.h ishhg 6
l muK idudkHhlg /f.k wdjd muKla fkdj foAY wdOdr iy foaY wdfhdackhkays
iqfYaIS jOkhla o we;slr,Sug iu;a jqkd'

28.

1983 ;Sj% jQ wNHka;r wr., iy .egq wdl jOk f.h miqnEulg ,la l< o" tlai;a
cd;sl mlaI rcfha wdl m%;sixialrK l%shdj,sh 1994 olajd fkdkej;S bhgu fhduq jqkd'
1994 w;s.re pkasld nKavdrkdhl l=udr;=x. ue;sKsh fmd fmruqfKka Y%S ,xldf m%:u
ckdm;sjh f,i f;a m;a jqkd'

1994 isg 2001 olajd fmd fmruqK rcfha md,k iuh

29.

1994 oS n,hg m;a jQ kj rch jD; wdl l%shdj,sh udkqIsl uq yqKqjrlska hq;=j fkdlvjd
bhg f.k .sh w;r rdcH wdh;k fm!oa.,SlrKh lsf l%shdj,sh lk lrkq ,enqjd'
;j rg;a ;Sj% jQ wNHka;r wr., iy ;%ia;jd l%shdoduhkays w;=re M,hla f,i wdl
uuia:dkhkag t,a, jQ ;%ia;jd m%ydrhka fya;=fjka wdlfha jOk f.h wvd, jqkd' Y%S
,xldf wdlh Wfoid rchg l< yels fufyjr wvd< fjka mej;s w;r thg m%Odk
jYfhka fya;= jQfha

wdlh kxjd,Su fjkqjg ;%ia;jdoh uev,Sug rcfha wjOdkh fhduq

lsug isuhs' jir 2000 jk g o Y%S ,xldj idfmalaI jYfhka wvq wdodh,dNS wdlhla
jQfha talmqoa., wdodhu we'fvd' 869 la jQ neks' o< foaYSh ksIamdos;fha jkdlu we'fvd'
,shk 16'6 la jQ w;r /lshdj ishhg 10 lg wdikak jqkd' fuu miqu ;=< ksoyi ,efuka
miq m%:u jrg Y%S ,xld wdlfha iDKd;aul jOkhla 2001 jd;d jqkd'
2001 isg 2004 olajd fojirl yerjqu
30.

fuu ld,h ;=< w.%dud;Hjrhd jQ .re rks,a l%uisxy ue;s;=ukaf.a tlai;a cd;sl mlaI rch
fuu iDKd;aul wdl m%jK;djh fjkiafldg h<s;a jrla Okd;aul jOkhlg wdlh
fhduq l<d' tu rcfha kj lau ;=<ska fkdfhla jHjidhlhkag O jQ wjia:djka i,ika
kj wdfhdack /ila wdlhg ,enqKq w;r

hymd,kh iy ksoNdjh o Yla;su;a jqkd'

f;dard.;a wdl m%;sm;a;s u.ska O m%;s,dN ck;djg ,nd ka w;r h<s;a jrla Y%S ,xldf
wdlh hym;a udj;lg fhduq lrkq ,enqjd'
31.

fujeks Yla;su;a l%ufohla ;=<ska ukao.d wdlh m%f.j;a l< w;r fmr rcfha ukao.d
u fjkia fldg hym;a ;;a;ajhla w;a lr .ekSu i`oyd lkka fjkiau wruqKq lr.;a
kj m%fYhka y`kajdfokq ,enqjd' flfia jqj;a" fuu ld, mrdifha wdrNh my; lafjk
m%ldYh ;=<ska fyd`ka wjfndaO lr.kakg mqjka'

zzY%S ,xldj jka; wdl wnqohlg f.drej we;' tys i;Hh jkafka wmf.a Khnr;djh
fuu wnqohg fya;= mdol we;s njhs' ;jo" iqiq m%;slu fkdfhjfyd;a Y%S ,xldf b
mrmrdjkag /lshd ys`.hlg iy wju wdodh ugulg uqyqK ug isjkq we;' tneka Y%S
,xldj kdYuqLhg hd fkd /l .ekSu i`oyd ;=,kd;aul kj laula ;=< l%shd lsu b;d

jeo.;a f' ;j rg;a mj;sk l%ufoh wkq.ukh l< fkdyels w;r m%;sixialrKj,g jyd
fhduq h hq;=h'ZZ
32.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks"

tod ksYa;j y`kd.;a tu ;;a;ajh wo mj;sk ;;a;ajhg;a tlfia

wdfoaY l< yels nj uf.a ye`.Suhs' tu joka fm< h<s h<s;a Y%jKh l< hq;= nj uf.a
Yajdihhs'
33.

2001 n,hg m;ajQ rch jir fol yudrla md,kfha fhfoka lemS fmfkk m%;sm;a;suh
fjkial is lrka iqfYaIS

jQ mk;a lsysmhla iu; lr .kq ,enqjd' ta w;rg rdcH uQ,H

l<ukdlrK ^j.lSu& mk;" mdfNda.sl lghq;= ms<sn`o wld mk;" llrejkaf.a rlaIdj
wjika lsf mk;" ldl wdrjq,a mk;" ia;%Ska" ;reK wh yd <uhska fiajfhys fhou
ms<sn`o mk; iy iqNidOk m%;s,dN mk; wvx.= fjkjd' ;jo" kj uy nexl= mk; iy foaY
ksuh l<ukdlrK mk; jeks ma,h fhdackd y`kajd ug fmr rch iqrejd ykq
,enqjd'
34.

rdcH wxYfha m%;sixialrK yryd wdlfha iSud nkaOk ,sys,a lsug iy foaY wdfhdack
wdlYkh lr .ekSu i`oyd l,am l%shd ud. y`kajd u ;=<ska wdlh kxjd,Sug;a fuu
ld,h ;=< fYaI mY%uhla orkq ,enQjd'

35.

fuu m%.;sYS,S yd m%.ukld mshjrhka foaYmd,k jYfhka ckm%sh fkdjqjo" ksYa; uQ,H
khla iys; rchla iy fjf<`ofmd< ys;ld wdl m%;sm;a;s we;s lr,Sug tajd iu;a jqkd'
fuu iS; ld, mrdih ;=< wmg fkdfhla foaY rdcHhka yd tlafjka Tjqkaf.a iyfhda.h
iy Wmldr ,nd .kska wdl hqKqj i`oyd kj laulska hq;=j lghq;= lsug u mEkd'
tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka ,enqKq wdfhdack fya;=fjka je jQ M,odhS;dj u; wdlh ishhg 6
lg je f.hlska jOkh jQ w;r WoaOukh ishhg 2 lg muK wvq jqkd'
2004 wfm%a,a ui isjQ rch fjkiau fya;=fjka

flfiafj;;a"

n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ wkd.; jOkh iy

wdl mqkreoh idlaId;a lr .ekSug fkdyels jqkd'

2005-2014 rdcmlaI md,k iuh
36.

2005-2014 ld, mfoh b;sydi.; jkafka ck;djf.a wyi Wig iajQ n,dfmdfrd;a;=
iuqodhlg ksis ms<s;=re ,nd fkdka hq.hla f,ihs'

37.

jir 2009 oS wod< iEu fokdf.au fy<d lSug ,la jQ wNHka;r wnqoh yd ;%ia;jdoS Wjr
oYl ;=kl muK ld,hlg miq iyuq,skau Wmqgd ug yels u ;=<ska ;%ia;jdofha w`re yd
wudkqIsl me;slv ksud lsug yels jqKd' ta iu`.u Y%S ,dxlslhka ishfokd fkdbjis,su;aj
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha iuDoau;a iy i;=ka ms wkd.;hla we;sjkq lSughs' wr.,fha WP;u
wjia:djkays m ;olr.kakd f,i ck;dj kqj;a l< md,lhska wr.,h wjidkfha tu
m ,sys,a lsu i`oyd lsis fjfyila fkd.;a nj i;Hhls' wdlh o b;du wk;=reodhS
udj;lg fhduq jQfha fkka k jejk Khnr;djh fya;=fjks' zf.dfn,aiaZ kHdhjd rdcH
ksfhda;hska iska m;=rjk ,o wdl w;sYfhdala;sh iy rdcH md,lhska fjkqfjka .ehQ
m%Yia;s .dhkd Y%S ,xldj fuf.dv h fkdyels .eUqre m%md;hlg weo oukakg fya;= jqkd'
fuu w;sYfhdala;sfha nqnq, mqmqrd hdu ish hq;=j ;snQ w;r 2015 ckjd 8 jeks iqfYaIS
kfha th mqmqrd .sh w;r fjkilg uq, mqrka Y%S ,xldjg kj hq.hla Wod jqkd'

38.

2009 jIfhka miq wnqold jd;djrKfhka Kq hq.h ;=< nyq;rhlf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j

jQfha Y%S ,dxlslhka h<s;a wj fldg iEu ckj.hlgu" iEu wd.ulgu" iEu fokdgu fmd
jQ fid`re wkd.;hla Wodlr .ekSugh' wdlfhys h<s msula o Tjqka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqkd'

39.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f wjia:df udf.a j.lSu jkafka tu w;s oreKq ;%ia;jd

jHikfhka wfma uu frd ka ishu wdrlaIl wxY ks,Odkag m%Kduh mqolr,Suhs' Tjqka
iska mrdch lrkq ,enQf rere ;%ia;jdoh iy l,a.; jQ jd.sl wnQohhs' Tjqkaf.a lemu
wmf.a u;lfha iod wkqiaurKSh nj udf.a Yajdihhs' Tjqka l< lemu fl;r isysjgk iy
iureM,l ia:dms; l<;a lshd ksu l< fkdyels jkq we;' ;jo Tjqkaf.a lemu ;=<ska ,nd
ka ta fid`re iduh /l .ekSu ieugu l< hq;=hs' wm j;a jk f,dalfha mj;sk ;ckhka
.ek wjfndaOfhka lghq;= lrkjd' wm ;%ia;jdofha fjkiajk uqyqKqjr ms<sn`oj o ksis
wjOdkfhka iskjd' iduh /l .ekSu i|yd fldkajQ m%;sm;a;shlg f.dkq fkd wmf.a ;%
rdcHhka iy wmf.a wi,ajeis rdcHhka iu`. w;aje,a ne`o .kska WmdhYS,S l%shdud.hkag
fhduq h hq;=hs' rgl cd;sl wdrlaIdj Wfoid kk;u l%fudamdh Nd;d lsu b;d jeo.;a
fjkjd' rchla f,i wm lsis gl rf wdrlaIdj ,>q fldg fkdis;k w;r rf cd;sl
wdrlaIdj fjkqfjka Wmu odhl;ajh ,nd fok njg fmdfrdka jkjd'

40.

rgl wdlh w;sYfhdala;sh iy md,lhka fjkqfjka lrkq ,nk m%Yia;s .dhkd ;=<
ia:dmkh l< fkdyelshs' rdcmlaI md,k iuh ;=< ixpdrl lafIa;%h h<s;a jOkh u
wdrN jQ nj ienEjla'

Y%S ,xldf wdl jOkh Wfoid ma;su;a miq;,hla ia:dms;j

;skd' wdfhdaclhka h<s;a jrla Y%S ,xldjg meKsfha Okd;aul ka;khlsks' cd;Hka;r
m%d.aOk fj<`ofmd< yryd kj wjia:d rdYshla rdcH iy rdcH fkdjk wxYhkag Wod jqkd' tys
m%;sM,hla f,i wdl jOk f.h je jQ w;r Y%S ,xldj ue wdodh

wdlhla iys;

rgla njg m;afjka ;snqkd' tkuq;a jka; jHikhlg wm rg f.dre jQfha rcfha .c ;=re
foaYmd,k{fhl= iy Tyqf.a iyprhka ol=Kqlrfha ixpdrl fydag,hlg we;= ixpdrlhka
fofofkl=g t,a, l< jka; m%ydrh fya;=fjks' wm ish,a,ka okakd m ta yd inkaO jQ
wlrK l%shdj,sh o n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjQ wdldrhg m%udo jQ w;r tu ixpdrlhka meKs
rgj,g ta ms<sn`oj lghq;= lsug uey;a ug is jqkd' foaYmd,k .c ;=rkaf.a ;j;a
fujeks fkdmy;al fya;=fjka rch muKla fkdj rg o wjudkhg m;a lrka wdl
jOkh wvd, jqkd'
41.

wm yg mjid ;snqfka 2009 g miq ld, mrdih ;=< Y%S ,xldj jka; wdl jOkhlg ,la jQ
njhs' tfy;a idudkH Y%S ,dxlslfhl=g f yryd ,enqKq m%;s,dN fudkjdo? ue wdodh rgla
f,i 2016 ia:dms; u Tjqka i`oyka lf<a iqfYaIS lvbula f,iskqhs' th tfia jqj;a"
cd;Hka;r wmjdo iy fndfyda rgj,a ms<sfkd.;a foaY m%;sm;a;s yd tjlg mej;s rcfha
foaYmd,k :Hd iudf,dapk foia rgj, wdfhdaclhka ms<s .;af;a keye' Y%S ,xldj
jHdmdrj, ksr; f myiq;d oYlfha my;g jegqkd' tl, lek wud;Hjrfhl= tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ixOdkh bmsg Wmjdihl ksr; f kdglh n,y;aldrfhka n,d isug Y%S
,dxlslhkaj fhduq lrkq ,enqjd' tu kdglh wjika jqfkaa rdcH kdhlhd iska Tyqg ;e,s
j;=r rejla fmfuks' fujeks foaYmd,k m%yikhka iuyreka

l=,au;a l<d' kuq;a"

wmyiq;djhg m;a jQfha Y%S ,xldjhs' n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ iDcq foaY wdfhdack fkd,enqkd
muKla fkdj ;%YS,S rdcHhka ,nd ka 'tia'mS' ma,ia jeks myiql o wys ug .;jQfha
iS; ld,iSudjla' Y%S ,xldj fika fika wdl w.dOhla lrd <x fjka cd;Hka;r
indOl mekf wjodkulg o ,lajqkd'
42.

wjYH wdl m%;sixialrK is lrka rg ;sridr ixjOkhlg fhduq

lsug iajKuh

wjia:djla miq.sh rchg Wod ;snqKd' hym;a laula yd lk foaYmd,k iy wdl

fufyhula ;=<ska Y%S ,xldj by< ue wdodh,dNS rgla njg m;a lsug bv lv ;snqkd'
tjeks idOkSh l%shdj,shla yryd ue wdodh rgl is h yels w.;s.d yd mriamr frda
.eg u yer b wkd.;h iuDu;a l< yelsjo ;snqKd' tjlg mej;s wroYS foaYmd,k
miqu ;=< mej;s wnqold wdl uQ,Ou fya;=fjka Y%S ,xldf fj<`o mdYjlrejka iy
8

wdfhdaclhska Y%S ,xldj yer .sh w;r tu.ska mSvkhg ,la jQfha rcfha uQ,H ;;a;ajhhs'
fuksid idj wdlfhys o O wiu;=,s;;d we;s jqkd'
43.

wms wjdofhka ms<s.; hq;= lreKla jkafka miq.sh rch rf h;, myiql hqKq lsu
i`oyd lghq;= l< njhs' tfia jqj;a"

tu l;jHh uyd ud." jrdh iy .=jka f;dgqm,j,a

i`oyd b;d je fmd<shlg foaY Kh ,ndf.k rdcH fldka;%d;a yd m%imdok l%ufohka

W,a,x>kh lrka is l< nj o i`oyka l< hq;=hs' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wlue;af;ka jqjo f
ms<sn`oj ;jrg;a iudf,dapkh l< hq;= jkafka h;, myiql kexu i`oyd wkq.ukh l<
wm%ikak iy jD;a;Suh fkdjk" iqiq uQ,H l<ukdlrKfhka" iy mdroDYH yd hymd,kfhka
f;dr l%ufoh rfgys wdlhg iDKd;aul n,mEula we;s l< ksihs'
44.

mej;s rch iska b;d je fmd<S wkqmd;slhlg foaY Kh ,nd .;a w;r tu Khnr;djh
fukau Kh jdl iy fmd<S f.f mSvkh wm rgg iqYd, f,i n,md ;sfnkjd' fuu uQ,H
m%;smdok je jYfhka fhdojd ;snqfKa uyd ud." wf.S ud. iy jrdhj,a f.dvkexughs'
fujeks je fmd<S u; ,nd.;a m%d.aOkh flld,Skj foaYSh fyda foaYSh Kh f.ug yels
jk wdodh ,eh yels jHdmD;s i|yd fkdfhdojd > ld,Sk wdfhdack fukau
YlH;djfhka f;dr jHdmD;s i`oyd o fhdojd ;sfnkjd' cd;Hka;r .=jka fiajd flfia fj;;a
foaYSh .=jka fiajdj, .=jkahdkdj;a f.dv fkdnisk .=jkaf;dgqm,la msys tlu rg f,i Y%S
,xldj ye`kah yels w;r ka tu .=jkaf;dgqm, fudKrekag rc oykla f,i mj;skjd'
ynkaf;dg jrdho n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ m kdl lghq;= i`oyd flaka.; fkd we;s nj wm
ljqre;a okakd lreKla' tu jrdhg mefKk ke ixLHdj wvq ugul mj;skjd' ta flfia
jqj;a" tu jrdh iy .=jkaf;dgqm, ksudKh lsug odhl jQ rdcH kdhlhdf.a kduh iys;
mqjre muKla fndfyda g ixpdrh i`oyd tu ia:dkj,g msfik idudkH ck;djg l.;
yelsh'

45.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm ks, ugfuka k.;a iy ks, fkdjk ugfuka k.;a oE whsia
lkaol YSIhg;a jvd l=vd jkakg mqjka' uYk l%ufohg l,la .; h yels jqj;a wm
i;= idlaIs ldygj;a jdohg ,la l< fkdyels nj wmf.a ye`.Suhs' uu h<s;a jrla foaYudul
ck;djf.ka b,a,d iskafka bjiSfuka hq;=j uYk l%shdj,sh foi n,d isk f,ihs' wmf.a
n,dfmdfrd;a;=j jerlrejka ksfodia lsu fkdj Tjqkag o`vqj ,nd uhs' ;jo" foaY rgj,
r`ojd we;s uqo,a Y%S ,xldjg f.k;a wdfhdackh lrk f,i wm wdorKSh ud;D N+h wod<
mqrjeishkag iqfYaIS wdhdpkhla lrkakg fuu wjia:df ud leu;shs' Y%S ,xldjg f
wjia:df tjeks wdfhdack w;HjYH nj wmf.a Yajdihhs'

46.

miq.sh md,k iufha n wdodh ugu fkdkj;ajd wvqfjka 2014 o< foaYSh
ksIamd;fhka ishhg 10'2 lg wvq jqkd' tneka Y%S ,xldj wvqu n wdodh m%;sY;hla ,nk
rgla njg m;aj ;sfnkjd' ;jo" tl, w;sYfhdala;sfhka wdl jOkh .ek Wo wekqjo wo
rdcH wdodhu Kh fiajd f. i`oydj;a m%udKj;a jkafka keye' tkuq;a" Tjqka Wo wekqf
Y%S ,xldj wdishdf wdYaphh

hkqfjka k lrks' ienekau" wm m%dfhda.sl yd idOkSh

wdl rgdfjka fukau h:d:fhka o wdl jHikhlg ,la ;sfnkjd' wm uis,su;a

h hq;af;a tu rch iufha wdl fYaI{hka jir oyhl ;u md,k ld,h ;=< l%shd;aul
lf<a l=uk wdl uQ,Ouhka o hkak ms<sn`ojhs'
47.

wmg ksYa;j Yaf,aIKh l< yelafla iuyr h;, myiql ia:dms; l<;a miq.sh rcfha
wdl m%;sm;a;s yd wod< ;SrK ;=<ska .%dh iy m%dfoaYSh

ck;djg is jQ fiajh b;d wvq

ugul mj;sk njhs' wmf.a ck;dj rfgys jkd,sh jk w;r miq.sh oYlh ;=< Tjqkaf.a
jk ;;a;ajfha

meye,s fjkila is keye' wdodh fn hdf Iu;d oYlh imj

Yaf,aIKh l<fyd;a fmkS hkafka ck;djf.ka iq fldgila cd;sl wdodhfuka je

fldgila N=la;s `k njhs'
2015 ( cd;sl iyfhda.S;d rch - Y%S ,xldf kj foaYmd,k oelau
48.

2015 ckjd udifha ffu;%Smd, isfiak ue;s;=ud ckdm;s OQrhg f;a m;au yd .re
w.%dud;H rks,a l%uisxy ue;s;=udf.a m%Yia; kdhl;ajh hgf;a tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfha
m%Odk;ajfhka kj iyfhda.S;d cd;sl rchla ysu" Y%S ,xldf iudc wdl b;sydifha yd
iuld,Sk foaYmd,kfha kj msgqjla fmr,Sug iu;a ;sfnkjd' wm ,o fuu uy`.= wjia:dj
rf wdk.; fi!NHd.Hh Wodlr,Su i`oyd wjYH iqiq l%shdud. .ekSug fhdod.; hq;= jk
w;r 2009 jif yd Bg fmr wjia:dj, fuka fuu wjia:dj u`. ye hdug bv fkdh
hq;= njg uu wjOdrKh lrkjd' keiS .sh fcdaka t*a flk wefuldkq ckdm;sjrhdf.a
iqm%isoaO joka tk zTn fjkqfjka rgg l< yels foa fkdj Tfnka rgg h hq;= foa .ek
is;kakZ .ek wmgo is;a fhduq lsug ka ld,h t<U ;sfnkjd'

49.

kj rch msysgqfuka miq iudcfha fkdfhl=;a wxYhkaf.ka bm;a jQ O .egj,g wmg

uqyqK ug isjqkd' ue wdodh rgla f,i ms<s.ekSug fya;=jk muKg by< tal mqoa.,
wdodhula ,nkafka k rf ck.ykfhka je fldgila j;a u i`oyd wr.,hl
fhfokafka ukao? wdl jOk f.h b;d by< k iy WoaOukh b;d wvq k ffoksl
;h f.jd .; fkdyels muKg w;HjYH NdKavhkays , km;d by< hkafka wehs ?
cd;Hka;r fj<`ofmdf<ys f;,a < my< hkafka k wm rf bkaOk < my< fkdoukafka
wehs? hkd .eg wm fj; fhduq jqkd' miq.sh fl ld, mrdih ;=< Okd;aul l%shdud.j,g
t<ug wmg yels jqjo fkdiKq ;j;a .eg rdYshla mj;sk nj ms<s.; hq;=j ;sfnkjd'

50.

wdlh jOkh jkafka k wmf.a orejkag ;ju;a /lshd fkdue;af;a wehs? Tjqka foaY
/lshd fidhkafka wehs?

wdl jYfhka wfmalaIs; m%;sM, fkd,efnk kqiqiq ia:dkj,

msysgqjk .=jkaf;dgqfmd<j,a iy cd;sl jHdmD;sj, wjYH;djhla ;sfnkjdo? W;aiyjka; yd

lemfuka l%shd lrk uOHu mdka;sl mjq,lg l=vd fudag r:hla ,g .; yels jkafka
ljodo? wdlh jOkh jkafka k n wdodh wkqmd;h wvq jkafka wehs? flfhka
lsjfyd;a nyq;r iudch ie<ls,su;a jkafka Y%S ,xld wdlfha i;H ;;a;ajh l=ulao hkak
.ekhs'
51.

fufia bm;a jk .eg miq.sh rcfhka wmg odhdo jQ Wreuhka u; mokj we;s nj lsj
hq;=hs' wdlYKSh wdl jOk f.hla w;alrf.k ;sfnk njg jQ ye`.Sula we;s lrkakg
W;aidy l<o wmg Wreu jQ wdl wjodku fkdfhla lafIa;%hkag ldYh wdlfha m%Odk
jHqyhg o n,md we;s nj lsj hq;=h' tfiau" wdl jOkh m%Odk jYfhka mokj ;snqfKa
wf, l< fkdyels lafIa;%hka u;h' rdcH uQ,H wxYfha Yauhckl rdcH uQ,H tald.%;d
l%shdj,shla .ek Wo wekqjo rdcH uQ,H jHqyfha we;s m%Odk j,;djhka i`.jd we;s nj;a
i`oyka l< hq;=hs' mqkrdj;k ho i`oyd jQ ne` l%ufhka jOkh fuka udkj im;a
ixjOkh i`oyd jQ wdfhdackh wju u u; .= ld,Sk M,odhS;djh wk;=reodhl ;;a;ajhlg
m;a jQ w;r o;djfhka fmf,kakkaf.a ixLHdj wvq jqjo" wldhlaIu f,i im;a fnhdf
m%;sM,hla f,i wdodh ug w;r wiu;djh jOkh u isjqkd' m%Yia; ugug jvd wvq
iudc iqnidOk l%shdj,shla mej;s nj;a ta iu`.u lsj hq;=hs'

52.

wdl jHikfha ;;a;ajh msgdr .e,Sug wdikak ;;a;ajhl mej;=Kd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks"
fuu whjeh fhdackd ilia lsu i`oyd wm Yd, W;aidyhla ork ,o w;r 2016 cd;sl
whjeh ;=<ska wmg fhduq jQ .eg fndfyduhlg ms<s;=re ,nd ug wm woyia lrk nj i`oyka
lrkakg leu;shs'
10

rdcH uQ,H ;;a;ajh iy j;udk wdlh

53.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" uu ka leu;shs wm bfha ;sfnk wNsfhda.d;aul jeka; ldhNdrh

ms<sn`oj meye<s lsug' Y%S ,xld wdlh f.h hq;= Yd, Kh iNdrhl iy whjeh ys`.hl
ysr ;sfnkjd' uu kej; kej;;a m%ldY lrkafka fuu Kh iy whjeh ys`.h ms<sn`o .egj
wm iska ksudKh lrk ,oaola fkdj wmg Wreu jQ" wlue;af;ka jqjo wksYa; fldkafoais
;=< ord.; hq;=j we;s ;;a;ajhla njh' fuys wm iska wdl oDIafhka muKla fkdj
iudc yd foaYmd,k oDIafhka o ms<s.; yels m%;sM, f.k fok kejq fjkila we;sjk m
iqnjdj lghq;= l< hq;= fjkjd' we;af;kau idudkH ck jyf we;s m whjeh ms<silr
lsulg jvd jeo.;a ldh Ndrhla fuu wdl mqkre;a:dmk ix.%duh ;=<

bgq l< hq;=

fjkjd'
54.

iEu cd;shlau tu cd;shg mj;sk im;a u; lghq;= l< hq;=h hkak Y%S ,xldjg;a fmdhs'
tu ksid wdodh we;s lr .ekSu fjkqfjka n tl;= lr .ekSu i`oyd wixf f,i lghq;=
lsf yelshdjla wmg keye' tfukau wm iska b;s ls ms<sn`ojo wLKav wjOdkh fhduq
l< hq;= fjkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" n f.jkakkaf.a n uqo,a cd;sfha wNsjDoah i`oyd
ie,ls,a,lska hq;=j wdfhdackh l< hq;= njg we;s uQ,Ouhg ud tl`. fjkjd' miq.sh wjqre
lsysmhla ;=< kdia;s jQ im;a iy wjia:djka foi ne,Sf tjlg is wdl fYaI{hka
fuu uQ,Ouhg wkqj lghq;= l<d o hkak ug ieliys;hs'

55.

rdcH uQ,H wxYfha jHqyd;aul j,;d ms<sn`oj lk wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;af;a tfia
fkdjqkfyd;a .=ld,Sk ;sridr ixjOkh h:d;hla fkdjk ksihs' Yd, jYfhka isl<
wi;H m%ldYk m<mqre wdl fYaI{hkag hym;a udf.damfoaY fkdjkq we;' whjeh ys`.h
2001 jIfha o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 10 isg 2014 jIfha ishhg 5'7
olajd wvq u iy iuia; Kh m%udKh 2002 o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla jYfhka ishhg
102 isg 2014 ishhg 72 olajd wvqu ;=<ska rdcH uQ,H tald.%;djh Yla;su;a jQ njg Yajdi
lsug wmj fhduq lr ;sfnkjd'

56.

kgu;a ud m%ldY l< m KhfiajdlrKh i`oyd uq rdcH wdodhuu Wmfhda.S

neka

lr.kakd

th nrm;, f,i mqkrdj;k yd uQ,Ok ho iSud lsj,g fya;= ;sfnkjd'

jOkh fjka mj;sk Kh m%udKh

iu`. Kh .ekSf uQ,dY%hka o ie,lsh hq;= fjkila

fmkakq lrk w;r f.ug we;s foaY Kh m%udKfha jdKsc Khj, m%udKh o miq.sh jI
lsysmh ;=< je ula fmkakq lrkjd'
57.

jvd;a ksoNdjfhka hq;a fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdl lghq;=j,g myiql imhk ksoyia
fj<`om, l%uhla l%shd;aul lsug;a wdlfha mj;akd ndOd bj;a lsug ;=vq fok
fj<`ofmd< uq,a lr.;a m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh lsug;a wmf.a

rch wemlem iskjd' f

i`oyd rdcH uQ,H wxYfhka wdrN lr wdlfha ishu wxY wdjrKh jk m l%shd;aul jk
m%;sixialrK l%shd;aul lsu wjYH ;sfnkjd'
58.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ish,qu Y%S ,dxlslhska iska oek .; hq;= rdcH uQ,H wxYhg n,mdkakd jQ
.eg ms<sn`oj ia;rd;aul ksYa; f;dr;=re bm;a lsug bvfok f,i ud b,a,d iskjd'
wm fuu .eg ms<snoj > ld,hla ;siafia idlPd lrka is w;r miq.sh udi oyhl
muK ld,h ;=< rdcH uQ,H .egj, kshu iajNdjh uYkh lsug ug wjia:dj ,enqKd'
uqo,a wud;HdxYfha ks,Odka iu`. iS; im;a Wmfhda.Slr .kska rf uyck;djg Wmu
m%;s,dN w;afjk wkaoka lghq;= lsug wjia:dj ,e ;sfnkjd'

11

n wdodhu
59.

kEu rdcH uQ,H l%ufohl Yla;sh r`od mj;skafka ie,iq.; iy wjYH ho mshug
i,k wdodh bmhSf yelshdj u;hs' fuys iDkd;aul m%;sM, miq.sh oYlh ;=< jvd;a
W;aikak we;s w;r .kakd ,o l%shdud. ;=<ska w:dka; m%;sM, w;alr .ekSug
wfmdfydi;a we;s ksid fuu uQ,Ouh wjdikdjlg fuka Y%S ,xldjg wod<j m%;sM, ord
keye'

60.

o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i wvqfjka mj;sk rdcH wdodhu m%Odk idj wdl
.egjla ms<sUq lrk neka fuu Wmk;sh m%uqL;d mokka hq;=j wdmiq yerh hq;= fjkjd'
1990 jir ;=< o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 19 la jQ Y%S ,xldf n wdodhu 2014 jIfha o<
foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 10'2 la olajd iS.%fhka my; je ;sfnkjd' 2014 jIfha n
wdodhfuys jOkh ishhg 4'4 la jQ w;r th kdl o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha jOk f.h jQ
ishhg 7'3 jvd wvq ugul mej;=kd' f ksid n wdodhu wdlfha mq,a u;a iu`. jOkh
ug wfmdfydi;a we;s nj miq.sh jirj, fmfkkakg ;sfnk nrm;, ;;a;ajhla'

rdcH

wdodhu jelr .ekSu i`oyd miq.sh ld,fha lrk ,o W;aidyhka wjdikdjka; f,i wiu;a
we;s nj k .ekSug ,eu lK.dgqjg lreKla Yajdi l< fkdyels m n iy .dia;= j.
35 la muK whn l%uh ;=< ;sfnkjd' fuu n j,g wod, kS;s iuyrla h,a mek .sh tajd jk
w;r n f.jkakkag meye<sj y`kd .; fkdyelshs' n kS;sh .ek wjfndaOhla we;s whg
muKla fuu jHdl+,;djh wjfndaO lr.; yels ;;a;ajhl mj;S'
61.

my; jefgk tl;= l< w.h u; jk n tk VAT n wdodhu uE; jIj, n wdodhu
my; jeug m%Odk idOlh ;sfnk nj meye<sju fmfkkakg ;sfnkjd' 2005 jir ;=<
tl;= l< w.h u; n wdodhu uq n wdodhfuka ishhg 41 la jQ w;r th 2014 jIh jk
g ishhg 26 olajd my; je ;sfnkjd' ta jf.au tl;= l< w.h u; n wdodhu o< foaYSh
ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i 2004 jIfha ishhg 5'8 isg 2014 jIfha ishhg 2'7 olajd
iS.%fhka wvq ;sfnkjd' wdodh nj,ska ,o wdodhu j, u 2006 o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka
ishhg 2'7 isg 2014 o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 1'9 olajd my; jeu ;=<ska fmkakq
lrkjd' f ksid cd;sl wdodhu by< .sh o Bg i,k n wdodhula fmkakq lrkafka keye'
n wdodhu wvqug fya;=jQ wdfksl ,laaIK lSmhla fuys jeo.;a fjkjd' n mmd,kfha
;sfnk .eg ksid we;s ;sfnk j, n wkql+,;djh g n,mdk m%Odk fya;=jla' O
rcfha wdh;k iska m%odkh lr we;s Odldrfha n ksoyia ls o n l<ukdlrKh j,
lsug fya;= fjkjd'

62.

rdcH wdodhfuka je fldgila ,efnkafka jl% nj,ska jk w;r iDcq nj,ska tl;= jk
w.h b;d wvq fldgila fjkjd' n f.h hq;= iy n f.h yels mqoa.,hka fndfyduhla n
l%uh ;=< olakg ,efnkafka keye' n f.u u. yeu j,lajk Wmdhla f,i n
wkql+,;djh we;s lrk l%ufohka hqKq l< hq;= nj ljqre;a ms<s.kakd lreKla' ta jf.au n
mmd,kh Yla;su;a lsu f wkqj wjYHu ;sfnkjd'

63.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn;=udg u;l we;s miq.sh udi lsysmh ;=< wm iska nlrKh ms<sn`oj
mj;sk .eg i`oyd ksudKYS,S f,i h h l%shdud. fhdackd lsug W;aidyhka .;a nj'
flfia jqK;a ;djld,sl ij,ska bj;a bhg f.khd yels Yla;su;a n m%;sixialrK
u; mok jQ n jHqyhla ys lsu ;=<ska rgg .=ld,Sk m%;s,dN w;alr .kakg mqjka'

mqkrdj;k ho
64.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wdodh jelr .ekSu i`oyd is lrk

n m%;sixialrK

rdcH uQ,H

wxYh Yla;su;a lsug m%udKj;a jkafka keye' ho jvd;a ;dlSlrKh lsu o ta i`oyd
12

b;d jeo.;a jkjd' kuq;a .egj jkafka fuu wjYH;djh imqrd .kafka flfia o hkakhs'
ho ug wm wid ke;s m%udKfhka jeu is jQ miq.sh rdcmlaI md,k ld,h ;=<ska wmg
fndfyda mdv bf.k .kakg mqjka'
65.

fh wud;HdxY yd fomd;fka;=j,g

Tjqkaf.a mqkrdj;k ho ugu wvq l< yels

njg ud ;rfha Yajdi lrkjd' w;HjYH fkdjk ho jvd;a ;dlSlrKh lsug iy iS;
iDcq n f.jkakkaf.a hoka iy iudcfha <s` mqoa.,hka o wh;a O lafIa;%j,ska ,efnk
jl% nj,ska flfrk wl mmd,k ho md,kh lsu i`oyd fh wud;HdxY yd
fomd;fka;=j, ho wjYH;d f,i Yaf,aIKh lsug yd we.hSug ld,h meK
;sfnkjd'
66.

tuksid" cd;sl whjeh ilia lsu i`oyd Y+kH whjeh ixl,amh fhdod .ekSu ud iska ;rfha
ksfoaY lrkjd' we;a; jYfhkau" 2016 whjeh i`oyd wm iska Y=kH whjeh ixl,amh b,lal
lr .;a w;r f hgf;a ho ork wdh;k iska wruqo,a i`oyd b,a,S lsug fmr ;u
whjeh ;=< we;s iEu ho whs;uhlau idOdrKSlrKh l< hq;= fjkjd' fuu l%shdud.h
b whjeh imdokfha ;kau ms<sme`h hq;= fjkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y=kH whjeh
ixl,amh fndfyda rgj, whjeh ms<sfh< lsf wkq.ukh lrkq ,nk .sKqlrK
isoaOdka;hlska ,nd .;a ixl,amhla jk w;r fuh l%shd;aul lsug fumuK ld,hla .;u
.ek ud u; fjkjd' 2016 ckjd udifha isg uyd NdKavd.drh iska ta ta wud;HdxY iy
wdh;kj, whjeh m%;smdok uYkh lsu i`oyd miq mr lghq;= wdrN lsug wfmalaId
lrkjd'

67.

uyck;djf.a Ialr;dj,g ixf j.lsj hq;= rchla jYfhka rdcH fiajl jegqma yd Y%du
jegqma m%udKd;aulj je lrka ta i`oyd jk wmf.a lemu fmkakq lr ;sfnkjd' ta
w;r;=r wm isysfha ;nd .; hq;= lreKla jkafka rdcH wxYfha fiajd kshqla;sh miq.sh jir
lsysmh ;=< is .=Khlska muK je we;s njhs'

68.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f l%shdodufha meye<s m%;smdlh jkafka lemS fmfkk ugka je

we;s jegqma houhs' th Wmu ;;a;ajhg yd kEu idOdrK;ajfha Kq oKavlg;a jvd
Tng jOkh we;s njg wm Yajdi lrkjd' f ksid wm iska rdcH wxYfha jegqma yd
f;kj, wLKav yd ;sridrNdjh mj;ajdf.k hdu i`oyd jvd;a fhda.H jevms<sfj,la
ms<sn`oj fidhd ne,sh hq;=jkjd' wfkl=;a lreKq w;r" rdcH fiajfha ldhlaIu;djh"
M,odhS;djh yd yelshd jOkh lsu o fuhg wka;.; h hq;= jkjd'

69.

tfiau" l%ul%ufhka Yd, wNsfhda.hla olajd jOkh fjka mj;sk b;d jeo.;a yd ixf
lreKla jkafka rcfha Y%du jegqma ms<sn`o j.lSuhs' 2005-2014 ld,h ;=< Y%du jegqma i`oyd
jk hou ishhg 170 lska muK jeu u.ska ck.ykh jhia.;u iu`. wLKavj jOkh
jk Y%du jegqma j.lSu mj;ajdf.k hEu i`oyd wjYH im;a m%udKfhys by< hEu fmkakq
lrkjd' jefjka mj;sk Y%dlhskaf.a ixLHdj iy Y%du wruqo,a i`oyd jk houg f
wjia:df ms<sh fkdfhjfyd;a wkd.;fha th b;d nrm;, jHdl+, ;;a;ajhlg m;a h
yelshs'

70.

j;udk Y%du jegqma l%uh hgf;a m%;s,dN ,nd u i`oyd rch iska taldnoaO wruqof,ka
wruqo,a ,nd h hq;= ;;a;ajhla ;=< ld,h;a iu`. ta i`oyd jk msjeh by< hdf
m%jk;djhla mj;sk w;r ta fya;=fjka n f.jkakka u; wkd.;fha ta fjkqfjka Yd,
j.lSula mejfrkq we;' tu ksid Y%du jegqma msjeh rf ck;djg h yels ugf
msjehla njg ;yjqre lr .ekSu i`oyd kj Wml%u wm iska fidhd ne,sh hq;= jkjd' .re
l:dkdhl;=uks" kgu;a Y%du f.dia we;s rcfha Y%dlhkaf.a iy kg fiajfha kshq;=
rcfha fiajlhkaf.a Y%du jegqma j.lSu lsisu iSud lsula fkdue;sj ug rcfha we;s
13

lemu ud iy;sl lrkjd' flfia kuq;a" rcfha fiajhg wNskjfhka n`ojd .kakd whg
;sridr f,i mj;ajdf.k hd yels Y%du jegqmla ie,iq lsug wjYH ;SrKd;aul Wmdh
ud. y`kajd u w;HjYH ;sfnkjd'
71.

cd;sl whjefha mqkrdj;k hofuka ishhg 21 muK jk .ska .gu jOkh jk

iykdOdr iy mejre" ;j;a ta yd iudk wx.hla' jvd ksoNdjfhka yd j.lSfuka hqla;j
ukd f,i b,lal lr.;a iykdOdr

l%uhla ;=<ska mqkrdj;k ho wvq lsug;a tu.ska

je im;a m%udKhla ;sridr by< wdl jOkhla i`oyd wjYH iudc wdl fmd h;,
myiqlj, wdfhdackhg;a bvlv ie,fikjd' ta w;ru" wm iudcfha fYaI wjOdkh yd
/ljrKh wjYH mqrjeishka isk nj wm fyd`ka okakd lreKla' rch iska fuu
mqrjeishkag wLKavj Wmldr lsug;a tu ;;a;ajhkag fya;= ldrKd y`kdf.k Tjqkag h
yels wk:ld ;;a;ajhkaf.ka wdrlaId lsug;a wm lghq;= lrkjd'
rdcH wdfhdack
72.

rdcH wdfhdack uE; w;S;fha" fYaIfhkau rdcmlaI rch ld,fha" fndfyda fihska l;d nyg
,lajQ Ihhla' g fya;=j rdcH wdfhdack rf wdl ixjOkh i`oyd jeo.;a wjYH;djhla
f,i i,lkq ,euhs' rgl rdcH wdfhdackh uQ,sl jYfhka fm!oa.,sl wdfhdackh .ekau
i`oyd w;HjYH nj ;yjqre lsug ud leu;shs' fuu uQ,Ouh ms<sn`oj lsis fjkila fyda
fnula keye' flfia fj;;a" rdcH wdfhdack jevigyka we.hSf iy f;dard .ekSf
wmf.a m%uqL;djhka iy YlH;djhka y`kd.; hq;= w;r tu wdfhdack i`oyd idOdrK
m%;s,dNhla ,efnk njg ;yjqre lr .ekSu i`oyd wm l,amkdld h hq;=hs'

73.

miq.sh ld,h ;=< rdcH wxYh Yd, f,i mq,a u ;=< fm!oa.,sl wdfhdack wvq we;'
uE; ld,fha fm!oa.,sl wdfhdack o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 22 l muK
wvq ugf mej;=Ks' th 2011 jif o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 24 l ugf isg
l%udkql+, wvqula fmkakq lrhs' fuu m%jk;djh kej; ilia l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' wfkla
w;g" 2005 jif o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 4 l muK m%;sY;hla jQ rdcH wfhdack
miq.sh wjqre 10 ;=< o< foaYSh ksIAmd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i ishhg 6 l muK idudkH w.hla
.kq ,enQjd' fuu jeu Yd, mudKfha ixjOk jHdmdrj, wdfhdack fya;=fjka is
we;s w;r wjOdkhg ,la l< hq;= ienE .egj jkafka fuu wfhdackj,ska idOdrK
m%;s,dNhla ,eug fldmuK ld,hla .;fo hkakhs'

uE;l lrk ,o rdcH wdfhdack

ms<sn`o wu;a we.hSulg wkqj tu wdfhdack .= ld,hla .; jk b;d wl foaY Kh

m%udKhla by< fmd<S wkqmd;hlg ,nd f.k is lsu ksid tu Khnr wdlh jid .;a
w`re j<djla we;s nj fmkS f.dia ;sfnkjd'
rdcH Kh l<ukdlrKh
74.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm ish fokd b;d fyd`ka okakd m rdcH Kh l<ukdlrKfhys

;sridr nj iy;sl lsu i`oyd b;d Wmdh ud. iys;j lk wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;=
fjkjd' j;udkfha rdcH Kh o< foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i rdcH Kh ishhg 72 l
muK ugul mj;sk w;r th ms<s.;a cd;Hka;r m%;Skag wkqj b;d by< w.hla fjkjd'

75.

fuys wm iska ie,ls,a,g .; hq;= m%Odk;u ldrKh jkafka wmg ord.; yels Kh
m%udKhla mj;ajdf.k hkafka flfiao hkakhs' meye<sju fuu i`u r`od mj;skafka m%Odk
jYfhka rdcH uQ,H l<ukdlrK khla ;=<ska whjeh ys`.h wvq lsu b,lal lr .;a yd
ta i`oyd lem l< yels ;;a;ajhla u;hs' rdcH Kh l<ukdlrKh je hqKq lsf
m%Odk;u uQ,Ouhla jkafka Kh fiajdlrKh h yels ugul mj;ajdf.k hduhs' wmf.a
b,lalh iy l%fudamdh jkafka iEugu f ;;a;ajh iu`. wkql+, uhs'
14

rdcH jHjidhhka
76.

rdcH jHdjidhhkaf.a mdvq ,nk iajNdjh cd;sl whjeh u; muKla fkdj rf iuia; uQ,H
lafIa;%hgu Yd, n,mEula we;s lrkjd' fuu ;;a;ajh iukh lsug ksudKYS,S l%shdud.
y`kajdug wiu;au b;d wk;=reodhl ;;a;ajhla f,i i,lkakg mqjka' f ksid mdvq ,nk
rdcH jHjidhka jdKscuh jYfhka M,odhS rdcH jHjidhka njg m;a lr .ekSu i`oyd wjYH
l%shdud. m%uqL;d mokka y`kajdf wjYH;djhla mj;skjd'

77.

fuu jHikfhka u i`oyd wjYH l%shdud. wm kgu;a wdrN lr ;sfnkjd' uE;l" rdcH
jHdmdr ixjOk wud;HdxYh msysgqu f inkaOj .kq ,enQ jeo.;a b mshjrla' fuys wm
iska wjOdkh fhduq lrkafka rdcH jHdmdr l<ukdlrK ud,sh m%;sixialrKh lsu"
f;dard.;a fmd fiajd i`oyd fj<`ofmd< mok lr .;a , l%ufohka y`kajd u fukau
mj;sk Y%un,ldfha M,odhS;djh je lrk w;ru kj n`ojd .ekS ;ldka; lsu iy
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iydh we;sj rdcH jHdmdrj, ldhlaIu;djh je hqqKq lr .ekSu
ms<sn`ojhs'

wdlhg wod< wfkl=;a m%jk;djhka iy .eg

78.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jirlg wvq md,k ld,h ;=< wm ,o iqfYaIS ch.%yKhla jka fka
WoaOukh Yd, f,i wvqlr.; yels uhs' WoaOuk md,kh fld;r ;Sj% o h;a wjqre
;sylg miqj m%:u jrg Y%S ,xldf wjOukhla jd;d jqkd' fuu ;;a;ajh ta yd inkaO
jHqyd;aul fjkila ksfhdackh lrk nj udf.a Yajdihhs' f wkqj jIh wjidkh jk g
WoaOukh ishhg 2 isg 3 w;r m%udKhl mj;S hehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd' uOH ld,Skj o
wmf.a b,lalh jkafka WoaOukh fujeksu ;ks my< w.hl mj;ajdf.k hdu iy tu wruqK
<`.d lr .ekSug uy nexl=jg jvd;a iajdkj lghq;= lsug bvlv ie,iSuhs'

79.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmg ;ju;a uqyqKq ug is we;af;a miq.sh rch iska wm fj; Wreu
l< .eg i`od .ekSf wNsfhda.hghs' Tjqka iska m%pdrh lrk ,o miq.sh rcfha wdl
oYl w;sYfhdala;sfhka hqla; jQ ysia n`klska kef`.k y`vla f,i y`kajd fokakg mqjka'
Tn;=ud okakd m ckf,aLk yd ixLHd f,aLk fomd;fka;=j uE;l ksl= ;a l< wdl
jOkhg wod< ixLHd f,aLk wkqj Tjqka iska miq.sh ld,fha mok rys;j bm;a l<
ixLHd f,aLk im%ma,dm

f,i k lrkakg mqjka' j;auka ixLHd f,aLk wkqj

rf

wdl jOkh 2013 ishhg 3'4 jQ w;r 2014 th ishhg 4'5 la jkjd' fmr ksl=;a l< o;a;
yd iei`f tajd b;d wvq nj fmkS hkjd' fuu miqu ;=< 2015 wdl jOkh ishhg 6
la

muK f hehs

wmf.a Yajdihhs' wm ,nd .;a ch.%yK u; ksfdam.; fkd

cjimkakj bhg .uka lrka b jI lsysmh ;=< ishhg 7 isg ishhg 8 l muK
wdl jOk f.hla w;alr .kakg wfmalaId lrkjd' fuu whjeh fhdackd ta i`oyd
mokula jk w;r n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk wdl jOkh ,nd .ekSu i`oyd Yla;shla o jkq we;'
80.

Y%S ,xldf /lshd wkqmd;h rf /lshdj, ksr; h yels ck.ykfhka ishhg 4'6 la muK
jkjd' flfia fj;;a ;shqKq fYaf,aIKhka fmkajd fokafka W.;a ;reK ;reKshka w;r
/lshdj ishhg 20 lg;a jvd je njhs' fuh b;d wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhla' fuu ;;a;ajh
iukh lr .ekSu i`oyd jydu l%shd;aul h hq;= jkjd' wm iska W.;alf jkdlug
i,k w.hla ,nd h hq;= w;r Tjqkag /lshd i`oyd iqiq wjia:djka o ,nd h hq;= jkjd'

81.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ckf,aLk yd ixLHd

f,aLk fomd;fka;=f o;a;hkag wkqj Y%S

,xldf o;djh ishhg 6'7 la jkjd' tfia jqj;a" Y%S ,xldf o;d oYl ;=< klg
wefulka fvd, 2 lg jvd wvq wdodh ,nk ixLHdj ishhg 20 la muK jk nj
fmfkkjd'

f ms<sn`oj wmg i;=gq h yelso? Y%S ,xldf Wmka ishu mqrjeishkag wju
15

wjYH;djhka jk lEu u" we` me,` iy ksjykla ,nd .; yels h hq;= jkjd' f
ms<sn`o j.lSu wm ieu Ndr.; hq;= w;r iqiq i` fidhd u i`oyd W;aiql h hq;= jkjd'
;j o" wdodh fn hdf Iu;djh ms<sn`oj o wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq h hq;= fjkjd'
82.

tuksid" wdl m%;sm;a;s l%shdud. ie<iq l< hq;af;a o;djfhka fmf<k ck;dj
ixjOk l%shdodufha fldgialrejka ug bv i,id fok f,ihs' tfia jqj;a" fuejks
l%shdud. iqiq m b,lal fldg miq mrulg ,la l< hq;af;a rdcH uQ,H lafIa;%hg wkjYH
mSvkhla we;s fkdjk f,ihs' laI uQ,H lafIa;%fha myiql ,nk iq mudK jHdjidhlhka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka Tjqkaf.a ;sridr wruqKq bgq lr .ekSughs' laIq uQ,H lafIa;%fha kshq;=
wdh;k Tjqkaf.a wfmalaIdjka bgq lr,Sf fufyjr idlaId;a lr .ekSug Wmldr lrkq we;s
nj uf.a Yajdihhs'

83.

fi!LH imkak foaYhla yslsfuys ,d Y%S ,xldf orejkaf.a iy ujrekaf.a ukaofmdaIKh

relsu w;HjYH ldrKhla' mdi,a iy fi!LH fiajd taldnoaO m%;sm;a;s ;=<ska m%cdj kqj;a
lsu u.ska Tjqkaf.a fmdaIK ;;a;ajh by< u l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' wmf.a idlaIr;djh
cd;Hka;rj o by< ugul mj;skjd' kuq;a" wmf.a ;shqKq ukaofmdaIK oYlh ii`okq
,nkafka ol=Kq wdishdf rgj,a iu. muKhs' wm fuu oYlh fuu l,dmfhka Tng
cd;Hka;r ugka i<ldne,sh hq;= wjia:djg ka t<U ;sfnkjd'

84.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Yla;su;a wdlhla ys lsu i`oyd jk wmf.a m%h;akfha foaY wxYh
iy f.jq ;=,kh je hqKq lr .ekSu i`oyd Yla;su;a l%shdud. .;hq;= fjkjd' f i`oyd
wmkhk jOkh lsu" wdkhk jvd;a ;dlSlrKh lsu iy wjYH m%;sixialrK y`kajd u
u.ska j;k .sKqu i`oyd jk wfkl=;a .,d ta .ekau isl< hq;= jkjd'

85.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldj mq,a fj<`o ys`.hlg uqyqK ;sfnkjd' wmf.a wmkhkhka
l%ufhka wvq j;udkfha th o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 14 l muK m%;sY;hl ;sfnkjd'
tfia jqj;a" wdkhk o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 27 la muK olajd je ;sfnkjd' ;jo" o<
foaYSh ksIamd;fha m%;sY;hla f,i wdkhk yd wmkhk m%udKh 2000 jir ueo Nd.fha mej;s
ishhg 60 isg f jk g ishhg 41 olajd wvq ;sfnkjd' oYlhla mqrd l%shd;aul jQ miq.sh
rcfha wroYS m%;sm;a;s fuu miqnEug fya;= we;s nj fmfkkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh
ld,h ;=< wdl fYaI{hkaf.a laug wkqj fkdfhl=;a wdl uQ,Ouhka wkq.ukh lr
jD; wdl m%;sm;a;sj,ska neyer fjka fkka k ixjD; wdlhla lrd <`.d fjka is nj
fmfkkakg

;sfnkjd'

fuu

iDKd;aul

m%jK;djhkaf.ka

wdlh

uqojd.;

yelafla

ksudKd;aul l%shdud.hla iys;j taldnoaO l%ufohla ;=<ska wmkhk lafIa;%h u;a lsu
;=<skqhs'
86.

wmf.a wdkhk ho ;sridr ugulg wvq lsug o wm iska lghq;= l< hq;=hs' ta w;ru wdl
l%shdj,sfhys we;sjk wka;NdKav yd wdfhdack NdKav wjYH;djhkag fukau rfgys wdodh
ugu by< hEu ;=<ska we;sjk b,au imqrd,Sug;a wdkhk islsu wjYH nj iy;slju ud
okakjd' flfia jqj;a" foaYSh ksIamdok lafIa;%h m%jOkh lsu i`oyd wjYH iydh ,e
fkdue;su fuys wm ie,ls,a,g .; hq;=hs' ;jo" wmkhk fj<`ofmd<g msiSf wruqKska
lDIsldl ksIamdokj, ;;a;ajh iy wiajekak je lr,Sf l%ufohkago wmf.a iydh ,nd h
hq;=hs' wmf.a wjidk b,lalh h hq;af;a kgu;a mj;sk wmkhk fj<`ofmd, wjia:d ;jrg;a
m%idrKh lr.ekSu" kj wmkhk fj<`ofmd,j,g msiSu" wmkhk Odx.SlrKh lsu fukau"
wdydrj,ska iajhxfmdaIs; lsu u.ska wdydr iqrlaIs;djh ;yjqre lsuhs'

87.

foaY /lshdj, kshq;= Y%S ,dxlslhska furgg fm%aIKh lrkq ,nk uqo,a rf f.jq ;=,khg
Yd, msjy,la fjkjd' foaY /lshdj, ksr; fjka uykais Wmhkq ,nk uqo,a furgg
fm%aIKh lrk Y%S ,dxlslhkag wm rchla f,i lD;f h hq;af;a Tjqkaf.a tu fm%aIK u.ska
16

rf wdlh Yla;su;a jk nekqhs' Tjqkaf.a fuu odhl;ajh w.h lrk w;ru kqmqyqKq
fiajlhka f,i ueofmr. rgj,g wmf.a ujreka" ifydaohka yd hKshka heu iSud
lsug wm iEu W;aidyhlau h hq;=hs' f i`oyd l< hq;af;a msgrgl /lshd fidhdhdu
je<elaug ms<shula f,i Tjqkag Y%S ,xldj ;=< /lshd wjia:d we;s lr,Suhs' fuu wruqK
bgqlr .ekSu i`oyd iqiq ish l%shdud. fidhd ne,Sug wm lghq;= l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' tfiau
;j;a Wml%uhla f,i mqyqKq yd ksmqK;dj,ska fy mqoa.,hkag foaY /lshd ,nd.ekSf
bvlv ie,iSu i`oyd ksmqK;d ixjOkh lsug wjYH mshjr o wm iska .; hq;=j ;sfnkjd'
tjeks m%fYhka foaY /lshd wfmalaId lrkakkaf.a jkdlu je hqKq lsug fya;= jkjd
we;s'
88.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ixpdrl jHdmdrfha we;s jeo.;alu .ek fYaIfhka i`oyka l< hq;= hhs ud
woyia lrkafka keye' rf wdl l%shdj,shg yd ixjOkhg Okd;aul f,i odhljk ixpdrl
jHdmdrh lemS fmfkk foaY ksuh m%udKhla Wmhk Yla;su;a jHdmdrhla jkjd' ixpdrl
.ukdka;hla f,i Y%S ,xldf we;s b;d Yd, jeo.;alu yd tys Nj;djh wm ;ju;a yye
y`kdf.k fkdue;s nj ms<s.; hq;=hs' wmg fld;ekl fyda jerula is we;s neka th fidhd
ne,Sug .eUqre Yaf,aIKhla l< hq;=fjkjd' Y%S ,xldj f,dalfha ms<s.;a m%;Skag wkql+,jk
ixpdrl .ukdka;hla lsu miq.sh rch isl< m mgq wdl,am iys; O jdKsc mrud:hka
mok jQ WOD; mdGj,ska muKla l< yels jkafka keye' zzbkahka id.rfha uq;= weghZZ f,i
ye`kajQ Y%S ,xldjg kej; tu ku m%;sIaGdmkh lsu i`oyd wjYH l%shdud. fidhka hdf
ldhh k;r lsug ka ld,h meK we;' ta fjkqjg" fuu ludka;h k`.d isgqu i`oyd mq,a
m%;sm;a;s rduqjla ilia lsu w;HjYH ;sfnkjd' wm rf ft;sydisl jeo.;alulska hq;= ia:dk
yd fi!kaohd;aul mirh Wmfhda.S lr .kska fuu jHdmdrh hqKq lsug we;s wjia:d
jOkh lsu w;HjYH fjkjd'

89.

miq.sh oYlh ;=< iDcq foaY wdfhdack b;d wvq ugul mej;s we;s w;r oYl ;=kla muK
ld,hla mej;=Kq > wNHka;r wr.,h wjika jQ miqj o wfhdackhkays ie,lsh hq;= jOkhla
is keye' miq.sh jir 10 ;=< idudkHhla f,i wm ,o foaY wdfhdack jirlg wefulka
fvd, ,shk 919 muK fjkjd' fujeks j, ;;a;ajhlg m;aug m%Odk fya;=jla f,i
i`oyka l< yelafla miq.sh rch mj;ajdf.k .sh ys;=jlaldr foaY m%;sm;a;sh yd rch ksfhdackh
l< foaYmd,k{hka iska cd;Hka;rh ms<s.;a foaY rgj, kdhlhkag t,a, l< jd.a m%ydr
fya;=fjka we;s jQ frdaOhhs' fuh fjkia l< hq;= b;du lK.dgqodhl ;;a;ajhla' foaYSh
b;sls muKla m%udKj;a fkdjk ;;a;ajhla ;=< fYaIfhka wm iska w;am;a lr .; hq;af;a
Khnrla we;s fkdlrk foaY wdfhdack m%Njhkah' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" hqOuh jd;djrKhlska
Kq fndfyda wdishdkq rgj,a hqKq ;;a;ajhg m;a jQfha iDcq foaY wdfhdack yryd nj i;Hhla'
wms foaYhla f,i miq.d jQ ld,h wjika l< hq;=j we;s w;r ho `o ug iqiqu wjia:dj
j;udkhhs' tneka Y%S ,dxlSh wdlfha Wkak;sh Wfoid wdl jOk f.h je lr .ekSug
foaY wdfhdaclhskag wm wdrdOkd lrkjd'

90.

rfgys foaY wxYfhys wfmalaId lrk fuu jOkhka Y%S ,xldf foaY ix; Yla;su;a lsug
Wmld jkq we;s w;r foaYSh foaY ksuh fj<`ofmd< ;=< remsh, Yla;su;a lsug o fya;=
fjkjd'

91.

M,odhS;d jOkh w;HjYH ldhhla njg m;aj ;sfnk w;r th ixjOk b,lal

<`.d lr

.ekSu i`oyd ;SrKd;aul jk ldrKhla' M,odhS;d jOk .uka uf`.ys lDIsldl wxYhg fYaI
wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;=jk w;r ludka; yd fiajd wxYhkays o M,odhS;dj je hqKq l< hq;=
fjkjd'

17

92.

lDIsldl wxYfhys M,odhs;djh j, ;;a;ajhl mej;Sug" c yd lDIs WmlrKj,

;;a;ajh" j, hdka;%SlrKh" jHdma;s fiajdjkays j,;d" wl miq wiajkq ydks" f.dkag
idOdrK ,la fkd,eu" fukau fj<|fmd, yd .nvd myiql wju u wd fya;= n,md
;sfnkjd'

flfia fj;;a" lDIsldl lafIa;%h ixjOkh lsf rcfha je wdfhdackh

is we;af;a iykdOdr ,ndu ms<sn`oj nj fmfkkjd' lDIsldl lafIa;%fha jOkh i`oyd

oHd;aul mfhaIK fhdod .ekSu yd ta ms<sn`oj kg mj;akd wvqmdvq wju lsu fuys m%uqL
fjkjd' fujeks l%ufohka ;=<ska f.d ck;djf.a jk ;;a;ajh je hqKq l< yels nj
uf.a Yajdihhs'
93.

rf wdl jOkh i|yd iq yd uOH mudK lafIa;%fha jOkh b;d jeo.;a fjkjd' o<
foaYSh ksIamdos;fhka

ishhg 70

la muK iq yd uOH mudK lafIa;%fhka ,nd u

i;=gqodhl ;;a;ajhla jqk;a" wdl ixjOkhg ;j;a iydhu msKsi fuu lafIa;%hg je
wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;= fjkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh ld,fha rdcH wdh;k" iq yd
uOH mudK ludka; ixjOkh i|yd ,nd we;s odhl;ajh m%udKj;a fkdjk nj;a"
fm!oa.,sl wxYh m%udKj;a odhl;ajhla fuu wxYhg ,nd we;s nj;a" ud fuys i`oyka l<
hq;=hs' iq yd uOH mudK wxYh ms<sn|j miq.sh rcfha wjOdkh fldf;la rg fhduq jQfhao
hkak wmeye,s nj;a tu wxYfha hqKqj i|yd b;d wju ldhNdrhla bgq lr we;s nj;a
i`oyka lrkakg leu;shs'
94.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" yq ldl ksIamdokfha isg w;dlaIKsl ksIamdokh olajd jkdl

oduh jOkh lrka" ksIamdok lafIa;% je hqKq lsu i`oyd ;sridr ludka; m%;sm;a;shla
rgg wjYHhs' u;a mfhaIK yd ixjOk l%shdoduhka ;=<ska kj ;dlaIKh fhdod .ekSu
iy kk l%u y`kajd u w;HjYH fjkjd' l=vd yd uOH mudK jHdmdr fmdaIKh yd
ixjOkh lsug lghq;= l< hq;= w;r tajdg Yd, jHdmdr yd inkaOug myiql i,id
h hq;=hs'

tu.ska iq yd uOH mudK ludka;lrejkag uyd mudK iemhq oduhg

inkaOug wjia:dj ie,fikjd' b ;rld;ajhg uqyqKu i|yd wfma ludka; hqKq

lsu i|yd cd;Hka;rh ms<s.;a iemhqodu l<ukdlrK uQ,Ou y`kajdh hq;=j ;sfnkjd'
w;s.re ckdm;s;=udf.a lau jkafka foaYSh jHjidhl;ajh ixjOkh lsu u`.ska foaYSh
ludka; je hqKq lsuhs'
95.

w;s.re ckdm;sjrhdf.a oYkh jkafka foaYSh jHjidhla;jh ixjOkh i`oyd iydh ,nd
u ;=,ska foaYSh ludka; k`.d isgquhs' jeo.;a wdl wxYhla f,i laIq uQ,H lafIa;%h
ixjOkh we;s w;r laIq uQ,H jHjidhlhd uQ,H yd jHdmdr cd,hg we;=,;a wjYH
iydh ,nd .ekSug yels ugulg m;afjka iskjd'

rf wdl jOkh flfrys

Okd;aul n,mEula we;s lrka uE; jirj, o;d oYlh my< ugulg f.k taug laIq
uQ,H lafIa;%fha jOkh odhl we;s nj i|yka l< hq;=hs'

flfia jqj;a" fuu lafIa;%fha

Okd;aul jOkh mj;ajdf.k hdu iy;sl lrkq i|yd laIq uQ,H lafIa;%h m%uqL;djhla f,i
i,ld kshdukh l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd'
96.

fYaIfhka jD; fj<|fmd, l%uh ykajd fuka miqj l=vd mudK O fiajdjkays isg
f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK iy uQ,H fiajd jeks by< ;dlaIKsl yelshdjka yd by<
jkdlka hq;= l%shdldrl olajd fiajd wxYfha jeo.;alu yd tys iajNdjh miq.sh ld,fha
lemS fmfkk mj;khlg nka ;sfnkjd' fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a fYaIfhka jrdh yd
.=jkaf;dgqm, wdY%s; lghq;=" ixpdrl ludka;h" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh iy ,s ixfoaY wd
lafIa;%hkays m%;sm;a;s l%shdud. Yla;su;a l< hq;= fjkjd'
lghq;= i`oyd fiajd ,nd f ixl,amh

ndysr mdYjhkag jHdmdrsl

^Business Process Outsourcing -BPO) > ld,hla

;siafia mej;s w;r jika jir fuu BPO wxYh jOkh ;sfnkjd' tfy;a fuu wxYfha
18

wmf.a fiajlhkaf.a by< kqu yd l=i,;d ms<sn`oj i,lk l, o< foaYSh ksIamdos;hg fuu
wxYfhka ,nd we;s iuia; odhl;ajh ms<sn|j iEySulg m;ah fkdyelshs'
97.

/lshd oYlh .ska .gu wvq ugul mj;sk ;;a;ajhla hgf;a Y%u M,odhS;djh by<
kexug yd m%d.aOk im;a fhdod .ekSu je lsuo w;HjYH jkjd' m%d.aOk fhojq je
lsf fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ldhNdrh jeo.;a lula .kakjd' /lshdj yd Y%u n,ldfha
iyNd.s;ajh .ek ie,lSf ldka;d ck.ykh wiudkj ksfhdackh ula olakg ;sfnkjd'
tneka fuu wiu;=,s;;djhg ms<shula f,i /lshdj,g hk ldka;djkag ish orejka iqrlaIs;
f,i r`ojd ;eug yels myiql jehqKq lsu iy wdrlaIs; fmd u`.S m%jdyk fiajhla ,nd
u flfrys wjOdkh fhduqh hq;=hs' Y%S ,xldf wdlh Yla;su;a lsu i|yd Y%S ,dxlSh
ldka;djka iska ,nd fok buy;a odhl;ajh wm ish fokdu okakd lreKla' tneka"
foaYfha wdlh .ekau i|yd wfma ujreka ork m%h;akh ;jrg;a mj;ajd f.k hdu
i|yd Tjqkag Wmu myiql ie,ish yels ud. fidhd ne,sh hq;= fjkjd'

98.

miq.sh tlai;a cd;sl mlaI rcfha md,k iufha h,a mek.sh llre kS;s hdj;ald,Sk lsug
lghq;= lrkq ,enqjd' tfy;a mj;akd kS;suh yd iudcuh ndOl fya;=fjka iy kg mj;akd
l=i,;d yd wjYH l=i,;d w;r mj;sk wiudk;djh fya;=fjka ;ju;a Y%u kuH;djh my<
ugul mj;S' wOHdmk m%;sixialrK hgf;a kj mdGud,d ykajdu u.ska fuu wiudk;d
wju lsf ldhh wOHdmk fYaI{hkag mejh hq;=j ;sf' tfiau Y%S ,xldf f;dr;=re yd
ikaksfok ;dlaIK lafIa;%fha uE;l we;s jQ hqKqj iu u;=j we;s tys wiqnjd me;slv
ms<sn|jo wm iska fidhd ne,sh hq;= fjkjd'

99.

;jo" fYaIs; yelshdjka iys; ck;dj Y%u n,ldhg we;=,;a lr .ekSu i|yd fN!;sl h;,
myiql yd iudc wdl mqre je hqKq lsu o w;HjYH fjkjd' f wjia:df wjYH
jkafkaa fYaI yelshd iys; mqoa.,hkag ;sridr /lshd wjia:d ,nd .ekSug wjldY ie,iSu
kd Tjqkag yq mdf;daIs; wdOdr ,nd u fkdf'

100. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn;=ud okakd m mej;s ishu rchka wOHdmkh inkaOfhka
fndfyda m%;sm;a;Ska l%shd;aul lr ;sfnkjd' flfia fj;;a" wdlfha jOk m%jK;djh
mj;ajdf.k hdug wjYH lrk udkj im;a ys lsu i|yd Y%S ,xldf wOHdmk l%u h
yrj;aj klrKh h hq;= fjkjd' Y%S ,xldf wOHdmk l%uh ore hkaf.a jk l=i,;d
kxjd,Sug yd iajdk ka;k Yla;sh u;a lsu i|yd kg mj;sk Nd. flaka lr.;a
Ih ud,djkaa fjkqjg olaI;djh uQ,sl lr.;a Ih ud,djla f,i kej; fm< .eiah hq;=
fjkjd' wvq myiql iys; mdie,aj, orejkag iudk wjia:d ,ndu i|yd" m%uqL Ihhka
i|yd jQ .=re ysh fukau tu mdi,aj, ikSmdrlaIl myiql" mqia;ld, yd oHd.dr
myiqlj, wvqmdvq ms<sn|j lk wjOdkh fhduq h hq;= fjkjd'
101. miq.sh jIj, wOHdmkh i|yd jk rdcH wdfhdack ugfuys is jQ wLKavj wvqu iqnjd
;;a;ajhla fkdf' fuu wiqnjd ;;a;ajh ms<sn|j we.hSula lsug ka wjYH ld,h meK
we;ehs ud is;kjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" YsIHhkag muKla fkdj ldhlaIu iy M,odhS
fiajl uKav,hla wfmalaId lrk fiajdfhdaclhkag o iykhla jk wdldrfhka mj;sk .eg
ksrdlrKh lr .ekSug wmf.a hymd,k iuq;sjd rchg yelshdj we;s nj uf.a Yajdihhs'
102. ;reKhka w;r we;s fiajd hqla;sh iy W!Kfiajd kshqla;sh wvq lr,Sug bjy,a jk
wdldrfhka WmdOdkaf.a olaI;d iy Y%u fj<|fmdf,a b,a,S w;r we;s wiu;=,s;;djh
ke;s lsug iqNjd f,i odhljk m Yaj oHd, moaO;sfhys wjYH m%;sixialrK islsuo
wjYH fjkjd'

19

103. ck ldYfhys fjkiau fya;=fldg f.k iuia; iqjfiajd lghq;= hqKq lrk w;r;=r jhia
.;jk ck.ykh i|yd wjYH myiql iemhSu o isl< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' cd;sfha wNsjDoah
i|yd jhia.; jk udkj im;a moku m%fhdackhg .ekSf l%ufohla ksudKh lrk w;r
Tjqkaf.a wjYH;do bgql< hq;=j mj;skjd' tfukau ykd.; fkdyelsj we;s ksoka.; jl=.vq
frda.h yd b;d iS.%fhka by< hk ms<sld frda.S ;;a;ajhka ksjdrKh lsug iy fvx.= Wjr
me;su je<elau i|yd wjYH l%shdud.o

.; hq;= fjkjd' w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud ksoka.;

jl=.vq frda.h ;=rka lsug fjfyila .kska isk w;r tu.ska fuu frda.fhka mSvd
`k ck;djg iyk w;ajkq we;'
104. fika isjk ck.yk jOkh u.ska we;slrkq ,nk jhia .; ck.ykh jeu ms<sn`o
wNsfhda.h ch .ekSu i|yd .=ld,Sk laula iys;j fi!LH wxYh kjHlrKh lrk w;ru
ksudKYS,S Y%du m%;s,dN l%uhla ykajdu o

isl< hq;= fjkjd' fm!oa.,sl wxYfha

fiajlhka i|yd o Y%du jegqma l%uhla we;s lsf wjYH;djh b;d jeo.;a jkafka th wvq
jYfhka fcHIaG mqrjeishka inkaOj wkd.;fha we;s h yels .eg wju lr .ekSug
Wmld jk ksidh'
105.

Y%S ,xldf isjk ck ldYfha

mj;kh;a

iu l%udkql+,j isjk ck.ykfha

jhia.;u iy by<hk ; wfmalaIdj ;=<ska fukau Y%du hk ckfldgfia wjYH;djka bgq

lsu i|yd b;sls yd Y%du jegqma inkaOj l,am l%u we;s lsf wjYH;djh wjOdrKh
lrkq ,nkjd' fj<|fmdf,a my<

fmd<S wkqmd;slhka mej;Su;a Y%dlhska fndfyduhla

fmd<S wdodhu u; hemSu;a fuu l%u we;s lsf yisNdjh ;Sj% lrkjd'
106. ck.yk jOkh iu fukau hqKqjk iudc wdl ;;a;ajhka yuqf ,g .; yels Wiia
;;a;ajfha ksjdi wjYH;djho ld,h;a iu by< f.dia ;sfnkjd' wNHka;r ixl%uKh
fya;=fjka ck.ykh wl u ksid fuh fld<U ia;%slalh ;=< nrm;, lreKla njg m;a
;sfnkjd' tlai;a cd;sl mlaI rchka fmr ld,hkays fYaIfhkau jx.; w;s.re rKisxy
fm%auodi ckdm;s;=udf.a iufha wjOdkh fhduq lf<a ck;djg ksjdi ,ndu i|ydhs' tu
l%shdj,sh kej; wdrN lsug ,eu .ek ud i;=gq fjkjd'
107. ue wdodh ugf mqoa.,hskaf.a ksjdi wjYH;djhka jir .Kkdjla ;siafia je
;sfnkjd' fudjqkg wl , .Kka fya;=fjka fm!oa.,sl wxYh u.ska l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk
ksjdi jHdmD;sj,g we;=,;a ug we;s wjia:djkao iS;hs'

tu ksid uOHu mdka;slhskag

myiqjla ie,iSu i|yd hou ord.; yels ugf ksjdi jHdmD;s we;s lsu i|yd rcfha
uey;au wjYH ;sfnkjd' f i`oyd rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYj, yjq,a ld;ajfhka hq;a
jHdmD;s l%shd;aul lsu i`oyd rch uey;au wjYH fjkjd'
108. tfiau" kg mj;sk ,sh" c, iemhqu" u,dmjykh iy wmjH kdYlsu" ,s ixfoaY iy
wka;cd, myiql ,ndu hkdh kk wdlhla ldhlaIuj iy iM,odhS f,i l%shd;aul
lsu i|yd m%udKj;a jkafka keye' niakdysr m<d; ;=< mj;sk fujeks .eg iu i|yd
uyk.r ixjOk (Megapolis) uQ,Ouh jvd;a iqiq iula fjkjd'
109. fmd m%jdyk fiajfha mj;sk wldhlaIu;djhka ud.j, Odjkh jk mqoa.,hska wvq
.Kklska hq;a jdyk ixLHdj jeug fya;=jla ;sfnkjd' tu ;;a;ajh

jdyk ;onoh

wl lsug" l=gqNj, fukau iuia; wdlfhao bkaOk msjeh by< hEug fukau ie,lsh
hq;= rlg M,odhS ksia meh .Kk ke;s hEu i|yd o n,md ;sfnkjd' by< m%;shlska iy
YajdikSh;ajhlska hq;a m%jdyk fiajdjla fkdue;su ksid h;, myiql fjkqfjka lrkq
,enQ w;s Yd, wdfhdack m%udKho wNsnjka jdyk ;onoh ms<sn`oj .egj W.% ;sfnkjd'
tneka" fYaIfhkau kd.l m%foaYj, mj;sk uydud. iy h m%jdyk fiajd l%ufhka
20

jehqKq lsu i|yd iqiq l%shdud. .; hq;=j ;sfnkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh rch
iska w;sfYdala;shlska y`kajd fok ,o rcfha m%Odk Kq oKav f,i .kq ,enQ uyd ud.
iy ;dr w;=rkq ,enQ ud. moaO;sh ;=<ska muKla rg;=< hqKq iy l%uj;a m%jdyk fiajdjla
imhkafka ke;snj wo wm iska ms<s.; hq;=hs' jvd;au jeo.;a lreK jkafka fm!oa.,sl
m%jdyk l%uhka Nd;d lsu fj; rf ck;dj fhduq fkdu ikd: lsu i`oyd l=uk
ugulg rdcH m%jdyk fiajdj hqKq l< hq;=o hkakhs'
110. Wmdh ud.sl jYfhka Y%S ,xldf msysu fukau jOkh jk cd;Hka;r in|;d ie,ls,a,g
.;ag kg mj;akd h;, myiql M,odhS f,i m%fhdackhg .ekSu Wfoid fm!oa.,sl wxYh
uQ,sl lr.;a jdKscuh l%shdldrl jOkh lsu ld,Sk wjYH;djhla' wlafjr< fiajdjka
imhkq ,nk uQ,H wdh;k msysgqu i|yd fm!oa.,sl wxYh ffOhj;a lsu ;=<ska mqyqKq Y%u
wjia:d we;slr,Su yryd ta wdY%S; wdl l%shdj,s jOkh lsug yels fjkjd' thg iu.dj
uQ,H m%jdy ffOhu;a lsu Wfoid f.da,Sh ugf jdKsc uOHia:dkhka msysgq u i|yd
wjYH kS;suh ;;a;ajhka o ia:dms; l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' ta wkqj merKs wdl l%shdj,Skaf.ka
neyerj" iuyrla hqKq fjka mj;sk rgj,a yd hqKq rgj,a iska l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk
kk;u fukau ksudKYS,S l%shdud. y`kajdug ld,h t,U ;sfnkjd'
111. ixjOk wjYH;d fjkqfjka fhduqu mdil wjYH;d iu`. inkaO l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd'
f i|yd ishu jHdmD;s wdrN lsug m%:ufhka wjYH mdil wkque;Ska ,nd.kakd njg
iy;sl u msKsi ksYa; fukau ldhlaIu l%ufohla we;sl< hq;=hs' uE; b;sydifha m%Odk
jHdmD;s inkaOj mdil m%Yak l%udkql+,j wduka;%Kh fkdlrk wjia:d lsysmhlg
WodyrK wm i;=j ;sfnkjd' tjeks .eg m%n, wjq,a iy.; fukau wkd.;fha i`ug
wmyiq ;;a;ajhka we;s lsu i`oyd fya;=jkq we;'
112. ;sridr ixjOkhla w;alr .ekSf mir ys;ld f,i yd ldhlaIu f,i n,Yla;s
Nd;d lsug we;s wjYH;djh wm wjOdrKh lrkjd' f*dis, weiqka ksmojk n,Yla;sh
fjkqjg iQh n,Yla;sh iy jjdhq mok lr.;a n,Yla;sh" ,sn,h" m%jdykh yd ta yd
inkaO wxYj, fhdod .ekSu w;HjYH fjkjd'
kj wdl .ukau.
113. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" kj rchg by; .eg inkaOj lghq;= lsug fukau rf wkd.;"
wdl fukau iudh ixjOkh fjkqfjka o lghq;= lsf j.lSula ;sfnkjd' fuys
wdlh ks;H jYfhkau f.dvke.Su i|yd lemfuka lghq;= l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd' wfma
b,lalh jkafka ksiqkag we;s f;dard .ekSf ksoyi ia:dms; lsu ;=<ska jkdl je lsu
yd ta i`oyd wjia:djka we;s lr,Suhs'
114. wm wfmalaId lrk jehqKq u cd;Hka;r oYlj, by< hEu ;=<ska o ms<sUq lrkq we;s
w;r th wkd.; wdl jOkhg o bjy,a fjkjd'

jHdmdr lsf myiq nf oYlh"

f.da,Sh ;rld;aj oYlh" f.da,Sh kj fidhd.ekS oYlh iy cd,.; myiqlj,

iQodkNdjh iy f.da,Sh wdl jd;dj hkdh f inkaOfhka mj;sk jeo.;a wxYhka
fjkjd'
115. fm!oa.,sl

wxYfhys

wdl

lghq;=j,g

myiql

ie,iSug

yd

fj,|fmdf<a

iqug

l%shdld;ajhg wjysrjk O ndOdjka bj;a lsu i`oyd fj<|m, uQ,sl fldg.;a m%;sm;a;s
wkq.ukh lsug rch lem iskjd' kj wdl .ukau. fuu whjeh fhdackd ;=<ska
ms<sUqjkq we;s w;r miq.sh jerj,ska f;drj Y=kH mokul isg tu m%;sm;a;Ska ilia lsug
yelsu .ek ud i;=gq jkjd'

21

116. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.ka .s,syS .sh wjia:d fndfydah' f ms<sn`oj jx.; .re w.%dud;H
v,s fiakdkdhl ue;skaf.a OQr ld,fhys wjia:d folla fmkajd h yelshs'

hdmkhg

ud.hla ;ekSug fhdackd l< wjia:df t;=ud ck;djg l,amhla jYfhka yd,a fiarejla
,ndug je leue;a;la lah' wdishdka ixOdkfha idudl;ajh fj; m%fYug 1967
jIfha Y%S ,xldjg uy= wjia:djla ,eKs' .re v,s fiakdkdhl ue;s;=udf.a ,u
;=frl= jk uef,aishdf m<uq w.ue;s jx.; .re ;=xl= w,a ryaudka ue;s;=ud ,xldj
wdishdka ixOdkfha idudlfhl= h hq;= njg lshd ishd' .re v,s fiakdkdhl ue;s;=ud
wod< iuqjg iyNd.su i|yd .=jka hdkhg m%fY ug .=jka f;dgqfmd,g ,d isfhah'
tfia jqjo" iuyrla jdudxYsl mlaIj, kau u; tu iuqjg iyNd.su w;yer ouk ,'
.re v,s fiakdkdhl ue;s;=udf.a .=jka hdkh m%udo we;ehs Wml,amkh lr iuqj wdrN
lsu meh 6 lska l,a uQ nj o jd;d we;' wm lK.dgqfjka hq;=j lsjhq;= jkafka tjlamgka
fujeks by< ugf l,dmSh ixOdkhl idudl;ajh ,nd .ekSug lsis id:l;ajhlska
f;drj wo wm W;aidy lrka isk njhs' tjeks wjia:d fndfyduhla ug fmkajd h yels
w;r fujeks ;;a;ajhkaf.ka mdv W.; hq;= ld,h meK ;sfnkjd'
117. fujka wjia:d ;jrg;a w;ay, yels ;;a;ajhl wm fkdisuq'

wo bm;a l< foaj,a bgq

lrk njg wm iy;sl fjuq' fi!Nd.Hh yd m%S;su;a nf wkd.;h flfrys n,dfmdfrd;a;=

;nd .ksuq' wmf.a taldhk wruqK jkqfha fjkilska f;drj ish Y%S ,dxlslhkag jvd fyd|
wkd.;hla Wodlr uhs' wmf.a ud;D N+h yd wkd.; mrmrdj fjkqfjka tluq;= fm,
.efiuq'
118. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmg my; i`oyka lrk jevigyk l%shd;aul lsrSug wIaGdkh we;s
w;r ta i`oyd wm iQodk' ta jf.au" ta i`oyd wjYH kdhla;jh ugo wmg yelshdj ;sfnkjd'
b;du jeo.;a fuu ldhhka bgq lsu i`oyd w;S;h wu;l lr wm jyd tlai;a h hq;=j
;sfnkjd'
119. f wjia:df uu w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud" .re w.ue;s;=ud" uf.a wud;H uKav, i.hka iy
rch fjkqfjka wmf.a rg fi!Nd.Hfha udj; lrd /f.k hdug O meyehka ork
foaYmd,k Wolrejka fj; ;%;ajfha yia;h .= lr' jir .Kka O ndOlhkag uqyqK
ka wfma wdlfha ksjer ;;a;ajh ud iska Tn fj; fmkajd we;s w;r wm tlai;a
fkdjkafka k wmf.a meje;aug we;s wjia:d wys hkq we;'

w`rg Ydm fkdlr b

mykla o,ajd wr m<jd yuq'

120. fuu miqu hgf;a wmf.a rcfha m%:u whjehg we;=,;a fhdackd fj; msiSug ud leu;shs'
tfukau cd;s" wd. yd iudc ndOdjka yd wfkl=;a fjkial j,ska f;drj iduqysl;ajh
fmr lrf.k Y%S ,xld m%cd;%dka;sl iudcjd ckrcfha iy tys ishu ck;djf.a wNsjDoah
fjkqfjka lemh hq;= ne i`oyka lr'

22

whjeh fhdackd
laIq" iq yd uOH mudK jHjidhka u;a lsu
121.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" laIq" l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhka /lshd W;amdokfha"

wdodh fnhdf .eg if fukau m%dfoaYSh ixjOkfha yd iudc taldnoaO;djh
we;s lsf o wm wdlh ;=< Yd, fiajhla lrkjd' j;udkfha laIq" iq yd uOH
mudK jHjidh wxYh wmf.a wdl Wmdh ud.fha jeo.;a wx.hla ;sfnkjd' fuys
Yd, yelshdjla we;s m%Odk wxY jkafka ,Snvq WmlrK" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh" ls wdY%s;
ksIamdok" f.j;= j.dj" u,aj.dj" wdydr" t<j iy m,;=re" h u;aiH ludka;h"
rEm,djkH iy iqr;,a uiqka ludka;h wdhhs'

122.

laIq" iq yd uOH mudK jHjidhhka iska wdlhg ie,lsh hq;= odhl;ajhla ,nd
;snqk o fuu jHjidhlhka m%d.aOk iy Kh wruqo,a ,nd .ekSf uqyqKfok .eg
fya;=fjka fuu jHdmdr mq,alsu ;ju;a Ialr ldhhla ;sfnkjd' fuu ksid wmf.a
rch fuu jHjidhlhkaf.a hqKqf fldgialrefjl= ug leu;shs' tuksid kgu;a wm
iska ilid we;s laIq" iq yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhka i|yd jk m%;sm;a;sh ;=<ska
fuu lafIa;%fha ishu .eg wdjrKh jkjd' f iu.u laIq uQ,H jHdmdr md,kh lsu
i|yd mk;la fuu .re iNdjg bm;a lsug;a fuu wxYh u;a lsug wjYH kshduk
wldhla msysgqug;a lghq;= lrkq we;' tfiau ish laaIq uQ,H wdh;k fuu fhda;
wldh hgf;a tallhlg re'25"000$- l jdIsl .dia;=jlg hg;aj ,shdmx h hq;= njg
ud fhdackd lrkjd' .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska 2015 fkdjen 05 k bm;a lrk ,o
m%;sm;a;s m%ldYfha lafjk m l=vd iy uOH mudK jHdmdr wxYh uqyqK fok .eg
wOHhkh lsu i|yd WmfoaYl lgqjla o msysgqjkq we;' tfiau l=vd yd uOH mudK
jHdmdl wxYfha wkd.; lghq;= tu lgqf ksfoaY u; ;SrKh jkq we;'

123.

fuu lafIa;%fha mj;sk by< mmd,k msjeh iy by< wjodku fya;=fjka ksudKYS,S
laIq" l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhkag nexl= we;= ia:dms; uQ,H wdh;khka iska
Khf wlue;a;la fmkakq lrkjd' tfiau kg we;s uQ,H wdh;k wem mok
lrf.k uQ,H myiql iemhSu ms,sn|j f,i wjOdkh fhduq lrk neka w;a
jHjidhlhka iy kg isk jHjidhlhkag fuu wem bm;a lsf yelshdjla keye'
fksid f;dard.;a uQ,H wdh;kj, iyfhda.fhka iq yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhka
i|yd jQ Kh wdrlaIK jevms,sfj,la l%shd;aul lsu i|yd 2016 remsh,a ,shk 500 l
uQ,sl wruqo,la ,ndug

fhdackd lrkjd'

fuu fhdackd l%uh hgf;a" Kh f.ug

fkdyels wjia:dj, uQ,sl Kh uqof,ka ishhg 75 l m%udKhlg wemhla ,ndfokq we;'

fuu.ska fuu lafIa;%fha jHjidhlhkag idfmalaIj ,dNodhS iy .=ld,Sk fldkafoais
hgf;a uQ,H myiql ,nd.ekSug we;s bvlv mq,a flf'

fuu lafIa;%hg iykodhS

fmd<S wkqmd; hgf;a uQ,H myiql ,nd .ekSug Wmldr lsu i|yd wefuldkq fvd,
,shk 100 l Kh myiqlula ^Credit line) wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=j fj;ska ,nd .ekSug
wmg yelshdj ,e ;sfnkjd' ;jo Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iska l=vd yd uOH mudK
jHjidhlhkag Wmldr lsu i|yd l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk fi!Nd.Hd Kh fhdackd l%uh"
o;djh ;=rka lsu i|yd jk laIq uQ,H jHdmD;sh ^PAMP), jeks wruqo,a tl
jevigylg

taldnoaO lrkjd'

tu taldnoaO lsu ;=<ska laIq" l=vd yd uOH mudK

jHjidhlhkag jvd fyd| fiajdjla ,ndug uy nexl=jg yelsjkq we;s'

23

jHdmdr m%d.aOkh (Venture Capital)

124.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhska i|yd wo mj;sk fmd

uQ,HlrK udOHh jkafka wem w;HjYH jkakd jQ Kh uQ,HlrKhhs' flfia fj;;a h
ma;su;a woyila we;sj jHdmdrhla wdrN lrk mqoa.,fhl=g wem f,i ;eug ;r jk
j;al Tjqka i;=j fkdmj;S' f ksid iq yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhska fj; wjYH
ialkaO m%d.aOk myiql ^Equity Financing Facilities) ie,iSu i|yd nexl=" rlaIK
iud." fiajl w:idOl wruqo, ^EPF), fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, ^ETF) iy
foaY wruqo,aj,ska iuka; wruqo,aj, wruqo,la we;s lrka jHdmdr m%d.aOk m%fYhg
wdrNhla ,ndug fhdackd lrkjd'

fuys uu cd;Hka;r uQ,H ixia:djg ^IFC) iy

wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=jg wdrdOkd lr iskjd fuu wruqo,g wdOdr lrk f,i ta
jf.au fm!oa.,sl wxYfha jHdmdrj,g;a fuu wruqo,g iyNd.s jk f,i Wkka lsug
leu;shs' fuu wruqo, u.ska j.lsj hq;= jHdmdr m%d.aOk iud. fj; (Venture Capital
Firms) iy;sl l< wju wkqmd;hla hgf;a Kh myiql ,ndfokq we;'

ta wkqj tu

jHdmdl iud. iska fuu l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidhhkays wjYH ialkaO wdfhdack
^Equit Investment) islrkq we;'

fuu ialkaO wdfhdackj,g wu;rj .=ld,Skj

m%;s,dN ,nd.ekSug wjYH jOkh iy;sl lsu i|yd fuu iud. iska l=vd yd uOH
mudK jHjidhlhska fj; wjYH WmfoaYl fiajd jk uQ,H ie,iq ^Financial
Planning), f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh" wf, l%fudamdhhka wdh ,ndfokq we;'

fuu

l%shdud.h .ekau i|yd wod< jHdmdr m%d.aOk iud. i|yd jQ idx.l wdodh n
jir 5 l ld,hla i|yd ishhg 50 lska wvqlsug fhdackd lrkjd' fuh 2016 wfm%a,a 01
k isg l%shd;aul lrkjd'
125.

laIQ" l=vd iy uOH mudK ludka;j,g iydh jk bkalshqfgrhka

- .re

l:dkdhl;=uks" bkalshqfg f,i lghq;= lrk iq ldl WoHdk ^Mini Industrial

Park) fudKrd.," mq;a;,u" hdmkh" jkaks iy wmdr jeks m%foaYj, msysgqug ud
fhdackd lrkjd' fuu ldhhg inkaO jk f,ig fm!oa.,sl wxYho Wkka lsug
leu;shs'

fuu wdfhdack f;dard.;a lafIa;%hkays .ekau i|yd ,dN Wmhk jif isg

jir ;=kl ld,hlg wod, n wkqmd;h ishhg 50 lska wvqlsug fhdackd lrkjd' f
i|yd remsh,a ,shk 150 la fjkalsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'
126.

;jo" iq yd uOH mrsudK jHjidhlhska ;u ksIamdok wf, lr .ekSf O

m%Yakj,g uqyqK fok nj ud okakjd' wf,lrK iy m%pdrKh i|yd wruqo,aj, mj;sk
ysh ksid Tjqkaf.a ksIamdok i|yd iqms fj<|ie,a iy idmamq ;=< m%udKj;a m%isoahla
fkd,efnkq we;s' tuksid iqms fj<|ie,a iy is,a,r fj<|ie,a iska l=vd yd uOH
mudK jHjidhlhskag wjYH rdlal bvlv idOdrK ,lg ,nd foka Tjqkag w; ys;
ug lghq;= lrk f,i ud wjOdrKh lrkjd'

lDIsludka;h
127.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a wdlfha" iudc jHqyfha iy wmf.a b;sydifha uQ,sl moku
lDIsludka;hhs' flfia jqj;a ixLHd u.ska ksrEmkh jkafka fjk;a l:djls'

wmf.a

lDIsldl wdkhkhka wefuldkq fvd, ,shk oyila muK fjkjd' w;ruehdf.a

iQrdlEug;a" ld,.=Kfha wys;lr n,mEj,g;a" ;u wiajekak i|yd idOdrK ,la
,nd.ekSf wr.,hg;a f.dhd ;ju;a f.dre iskjd' fuu.ska wmf.a mdfNda.sl
24

ck;djg o .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka wvq lDIsldl ksIamd;hka i|yd wl ,la f.ug

is ;sfhkjd' tneka fuu wys;lr m%jK;djh lkka wdmiq yerf wjYH;djh wm
ykdf.k ;sfnkjd'

f inkaOfhka mq,a oDIafldaKhlska ne,Su w;HjYHhs'

;;a;ajh hgf;a kj lDIsldl m%;sm;a;shla ilia lsu i|yd wmf.a kj rchg

kdhl;ajh fok w;s.re ckdm;s;=udf.a yd .re w.%dud;H;=udf.a wjOdkh fhduq
;sfnkjd'
fnda. Odx.SlrKh yd M,odhs;djh by< kexu ;=,ska 2018 jk g wm rg nvb`.="
fidahd fndax" h,s ia" w;dm,a yd Kq j,ska iajhxfmdaIs; lsug;a" hemq
lDIsludka;fha isg lDIs jHdmdr olajd by< ;,hlg kexug;a tu.ska 2020 jk g
wmkhk fj<|m,g m%YaG ug;a yelsjk m wmf.a lDIsldl m%;sm;a;sh imdokh
lrkq we;'
128.

;jo" lDIsldl lafIa;%fha wiajekak by< kexf m%Yia; Wmdhud.h rdcH yd

fm!oa.,sl wxYfha Yla;su;a iyfhda.s;dj u; r|d mj;sk nj wm ykdf.k ;sfnk w;r
tu.ska lDIsldl lafIa;%fha iemhqoduh Yla;su;aj l<ukdlrKh l< yels njo
wfmalaId lrkjd' f ms<sn|j kdhl;ajh .ekSug fm!oa.,sl wxYh .kajkajkjd' c
yd frdamK jH ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk iud.j,g myiql ie,fik rdcH uQ,H
mirhla we;s lsu i|yd m%fhdackhg fkd.;a yd W!K Wmfhda; rcfha bv b,a,d
isk g ,nd u jeks O ls%hdud. .ekSug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

129.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" lDIsldl lafIa;%h i|yd wdfhdackh" fYaIfhka M,odhs;d

jOkh i|yd jk wdfhdackh wjYH;djhls' f i`oyd jvd fyd| M,odhs;djhla
iy;sl lsu i|yd by< .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajfhka hq;= c ,nd.; yels u b;d jeo.;a
jkjd' ta wkqj" by< .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka hq;= c yd frdamK jH ksIamdokh lsu i|yd
rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ukd iyfhda.s;dj u;a lsug m%fhdackhg fkd.;a iy
W!K Wmfhda; rcfha bv .ekaula jYfhka fm!oa.,sl wxYhg ,nd fokq we;' f
i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 l uqo,la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

130.

Wiia M,odjla ,ndfok c ykajd u i|yd x c, imdok l%u ^Drip Irrigation

System) Nd;d lrk" y;d.dr ;dlaIKh fhdod .kakd iy je wiajkq ,ndfok c
ykajd fok iud. i|yd wO n rdu ,ndfokq we;' f iu.u M,odhs;d jOkh
i|yd hdka;%SlrKh lsf jeo.;alu ykd.kska lDIsldl hkaf;%damlrKj,g wod,
wdkhk n bj;a lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

131.

ta w;ru iyNd.s;aj yjq,a l%shdj,shla ;=<ska iemhq odufha ne Yla;su;a lsu i|yd
lDIslu jHdma;s ks,Odkaf.a kqu Tjqkaf.a idudkH rdcldhg wu;rj fm!oa.,sl
wxYfha f.dm,j,a i|yd o .dia;=jla whlr ,ndu i|yd wjir ug ud fhdackd
lrkjd'

132.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks"

.nvd lsu iy wf,lrKh wmf.a lDIsldl lafIa;%fha we;s

m%Odk .eg w;r fjkjd' ishhg 30 isg 40 olajd jk miq wiajkq ydksh wju lsu i|yd
kk ;dlaIKfhka hq;= wx. imQK .nvd we;s lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' lDIs wiajkq
fk<k iufha , my< hdfuka jk wys;lr n,mEu wju lsu i|yd f.dkaf.a "
25

nvb=" ;," .ia" W jeks fNda.hkays wiajkq .nvd lr ;eu i|yd f.dkag Wiia
;;a;ajfha .nvd myiql imhkq ,nkjd' fuu .nvd myiql ;=< ;u wiajekak .nvd
lsf .nvdj iska ksl=;a lrkq ,nk ,m;

jdKsc nexl=jla fj; bm;a lsfuka

;u laIKsl uqo,a wjYH;djh i|yd .nvdl< wiajekafka jkdlka ishhg 50 l Kh

uqo,la f,i ,nd .ekSug f.dkag yelshdj ;sfnkjd' flfia fj;;a" , .Kka
hym;ajk wjia:df .nvdlr we;s wiajekak fj<|mf,a jvd;a fyd| ,lg wf,
lsug f.dkag yelshdj ,efnkjd' fuu l%ufoh ;=< f.dhd w;ruehdf.a iQrdlEug
,la fkdjk w;r wjdrfha ;u wiajekakg by< ,la ,eu o ;yjqre fjkjd' kgu;a
rch wkqrdOmqr yd fudKrd., ia;%slalj, fujeks .nvd myiql blr we;s w;r
ukakdr ia;%slalh ;=< .nvdjla blrka mj;skjd' fuu l%uh ;=<ska f.d ksIamdok
wjidk mdfNda.slhd fj; hef jk w;rue ho wvqjk neka idOdrK ,la
f.fuka mdfNda.slhdgo m%;s,dNhla ,efnkq we;' ta wkqj fmdf,dkakrej" ls<sfkdh
yd r;akmqr ^we,smsh& ia;%slalhkays ;j;a fujeks .nvd ;=kla blsug yd ukakdr
ia;%slalfha kg bjk .nvdf b;s jev wjika lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la
fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
133.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f.dhdf.a ksIamdok hou fukau mdfNda.slhdg isjk n,mEu

ie,ls,a,g .kska lS ind lsf,dajla i|yd remsh,a 50$- la" ind lsf,dajla i|yd
remsh,a 41$- la iy kdvq iy wfkl=;a j. i|yd lsf,dajlg remsh,a 38$- la jk m
i|yd iy;sl ,la ,nd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu.ska mdrsfNda.slhdg iy,a lsf,da
.%E 1 la remsh,a 65 lg muK ,nd .ekSug yels fjkjd'

134.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rfgys iy,a ksIamdokh jOkh ;sfnkjd' tuksid w;sla; iy,a
ukaofmdaIKhg myiqfjka f.dre f je wjodkula we;s iuDoa,dNSkag ,ndug ud
fhdackd lrkjd' fuu fhda; l%uh ;=<ska Tjqkaf.a fmdaIK ugu by< kxjkq we;s' f
i`oyd iy,a fu%la fgdka 44"000 la ,nd .ekSug wm n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'

135.

iy,a wmkhkh lsu i|yd ka ld,h t< we;s njg ud Yajdi lrkjd'

tuksid

wmkhk fj<|m, wruqKq lr.;a iy,a ksIamdokh i|yd f.dkag wkqn, ,nd fokjd' Y%S
,xld iy,a i`oyd ikakdu ,nd .ekSu jevms<sfj,la ilia lsug;a

wmf.a iy,a i|yd

foaYSh fj<|m, y`kd .ekSug;a wmkhk ixjOk uKav,h u;a lrkjd'

136.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fmr mej;s rchka iska f.d ck;dj fjkqfjka m%;s,dN /ila
,nd ;sfnkjd' fuu .re iNdj iska fmdfydr iykdOdrh" bv" ;dlaIKsl iydhka"
c we;= ksula ke;s iykdOdr f.dkakla wkqu; lr ;sfnkjd'

tfy;a wo

lDIsludka;fha ;;a;ajh l=ulao? lDIslu lafIa;%fhka o< foaYSh ksIamd;hg ,enqk

odhl;ajh l%ufhka wvq 2014 th ishhg 10 la muK we;'

fylaghd tllg

,efnk wiajekak b;d wvq ugul mej;Su ksid wmg cd;Hka;rh iu ;r l<
fkdyelshs' m%Odk ksIamdok m%foaYj, iudc m%YaKhla njg m;a we;s fya;= ldrlhla
fkdokakd ksoka.; jl=.vq frda.h wl fmdfydr Nd;h ksid we;s jQ nj ;jrg;a
jdohg ;=vq we;'

tfiau th c,h iy mi wm;% ugo n,md we;s w;r tu.ska

fi!LH .eg /ilau fukau mir Wjrej,g o fya;= we;'

wo wm uqyqKmdk fuu

.egj wmf.a lDIsldl m%;sm;a;sfha wkd.;h ;SrKh lsu i|yd Yd, n,mEula we;s
lrkjd' fmdfydr Nd;h iy ksIamdokfha M,odhS;djh w;r iDcq iy inkaO;djhla
fkdue;s nj wOHhkj,skao ikd: lr ;sfnkjd' f.dka i|yd fl;r iydhla ,nd
26

kako Tjqka wm rf ;ju;a iudcfha iQrdlEug ,lajQ fldgila f'

tfiau

mdfNda.slhskago n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ m%;s,dN ,e fkdue;' f.dhdg fyda mdfNda.slhdg

n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ m%;s,dN fkd,ef k" f.dhd yd mdfNda.slhd hk fomdYjhgu
jvd;a m%;s,dN ,efnk iydhla ,ndh yels m wmf.a lDIsldl Wmdhud.hka .ek
kej; is;d ne,Sug ud fmd<Ujkjd'

tneka kg ,ndfok fmdfydr iykdOdrh iq

mudK f.dka i|yd muKla ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd' ta wkqj" f.dka i|yd
fylaghd tlla olajd h, iy uy lkak folu wdjrKh jk m jIhlg remsh,a
25"000 l Wmuhlg hg;aj uqo,a m%odkhla ,ndfokjd'

fuu.ska f.dkag ;u j.djka

i|yd wjYH fhojq ;SrKh lsug jvd;a ksoyila ,efnk w;ru thska M,odhs;dj by<
kexfjk nj udf.a Yajdihhs' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 37"500 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd
lrk w;r" th 2015 jif fjkal< remsh,a ,shk 35"000 g jvd jeuls'
m,;=re iy t,j ludka;h
137.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks"

foaYSh yd foaYSh fj<|m, wjia:d Wlyd .ekSug yelsjk m

m,;=re yd t,j ludka;h jdKscuh jYfhka ixjOkh keye'

138.

m,;=re c,kh yd kalsf ludka;h ;ju;a wdrNl wjfha fukau fkdhqKq

ugf mj;skjd' fuu ludka;fha wNsjDh i|yd thg we;=jk wdh;k yd
mqoa.,hska nexl= u.ska ,nd.kakd Kh i|yd whflfrk fmd,S m%udKfhka ishhg 50 lg
fmd,S iykhla ,nd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

fuu ludka;h i|yd wjYH

hkaf;%damlrK wdkhk noafoka lrk w;r ksoyia lrk w;r bvh yels laIh ukdjg
wu;rj iqiql ,e f,i wvq lsug o bv fokq ,ef'
139.

w;=re j.dj" by< wiajekakla ,efnk frdamK jH yd c Nd;h" ;dlaIKh fhdod.ekSu

wdh ;=<ska bv Nd;h m%Yia; ugka is lsu i|yd ud fm!oa.,sl

wxYh Wkka

lrjkjd' wjNd;djhla iys; fyda Nd;hg fkd.;a rcfha bv t,j yd m,;=re

f.dkaf.a b,a,Su u; l,an l%uh hgf;a ,ndfokq we;'
140.

kqjrt,sh" oUq,a," we,smsh" lemafmfmd, iy ;Uq;af;a.u msys wdl uOHia:dkhkag

wdikakfhka t,j yd m,;=re .nvd lsu i|yd fm!oa.,sl wxYh u.ska l<ukdlrKh
lrkq ,nk YS;d.dr 5 la msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tu.ska fj<|m, , ia:dhSlrKh
we;s lsug fukau miq wiajkq ydksh wju lsug;a wfmalaId lrkjd' f i|yd remsh,a
,shk 2"000 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

ls ludka;h
141.

.re l:dkdhl;=ukss" foaYSh ls ksIamdokfha fj<|m, m%;sY;h b;d iS;hs' foaYSh ls

ksIamdokh .ekaug yd wdkhk iSudlsu i|yd miq.sh rch iska ork ,o W;aidyhka
wm w.h lrkjd' rcfha m%;sm;a;sh jkafkao foaYSh ls ksIamdolhskaf.a ksIamdok by<
kexu i|yd Tjqka u;a lsuhs' ta wkqj" foaYShj ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk .%E 400 lsms
melgqjla i|yd jk Wmu is,a,r , remsh,a 325 isg remsh,a 295 olajd wvqlsug ud
fhdackd lrkjd'

tfia l=Kkq ,nk .%E 400 l lsms melgqjla i|yd rch iska

remsh,a 30 l iykdOdrhla foaYSh ls ksIamdolhska i|yd ,ndug;a ta i|yd ,shk 1"000

la fjkalsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd' f ;=<ska foaYSh ksIamdolhdg Wmldr lrk w;r
jk ho wvq lr .ekSug o yels fjkjd'
27

142.

foaYSh ls ksIamdok wxYfhka rfgys wdlhg ,efnk odhl;ajh b;d iS; jqj;a" tu
ludka;h ;jrg;a hqKq lsu i|yd Yd, yelshdjla ;sfhkjd'

tneka rdcH iy

fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iyNd.s;ajh hgf;a ^Public Prviate Partnership) jdKsc ugka foaYSh
ls ksIamdokh u;a lsu i|yd wju wdfhdackh remsh,a ,shk 25 lg hg;aj fuu
lafIa;%fha lrk wdfhdackhka i|yd Nd;hg fkd.;a yd W!K Wmfhda; rcfha bv
,nd fokq ,nkjd' tfiau" rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl iyNd.s;ajfhka ndysr f.dka ,jd by<
M,odjlska hq;= ;DK j.d l< yels jevigyklg t<u i|yd m%fhdackhg fkd.;a yd
W!K Wmfhda; rcfha bv ,nd ug o ud fhdackd lrkjd' ls ksIamdokh i|yd wjYH
hkaf;%damlrK i|yd tljr laIh lsf yelshdj ,nd ug;a wdkhk n wvq lsug;a ud
fhdackd lrkjd'
143.

rg ;=< hr ls Nd;h ;ju;a m%Yia: ugulg meK fkdue;s neka hr ls Nd;h

ms<sn| Yd, m%jOk jevigykla Wvrg" kj .udk" j;= h;, myiql iy
m%cdixjOk wud;HdxYh iy fi!LH" fmdaIK yd foaYSh wdhqfo wud;HdxYh u.ska
l%shd;aul lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

jr
144.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm rg jhskla jQj;a wm ;ju;a jdIslj weuldkq fvd, ,shk

150 l muK u;aiH iy u;aiH ksIamdok wdkhkh lrk nj m%ldY lrkafka
lK.dgqfjks' iD;=uh n,mE fya;=fjka u;aiH fj<|m, , fjkia" .nvd myiql
ys`.u kshduk rduqf fjkia" ;u jHdmdr hqKq lsu i|yd kj fj<|fmd<j,a iy
uQ,H m%Njhkaj,g we;s iS; bvlv fya;=fjka foaYSh u;aiH ksIamdolhska ;ju;a
wjodk iy.; ;;ajhl iskjd'

145.

jr ludka;fha fh iskakkaf.a iudc iqrlaIs;;dj l%shd;aul lsf rcfha j.lSu

ykd.kska Tjqkag uqyqfoa isjk wk;=re i|yd remsh,a ,shkhl ; rlaIKhla wm
iska ykajd fokq ,nkjd' fuu rlaIK l%ufhka jrhka fidhd .ekSu yd uqojd .ekSu
hk ho o wdjrKh fjkjd'

146.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh jir myl idudkHhg wkqj jdIslj remsh,a ,shk 5"000
lg wdikak jkdlka hq;= kaud furgg wdkhkh lrkq ,nkjd'

ka ud

ludka;fha jOkh i|yd we;s bvlv ie,ls,a,g .kska" ud ka lsu i|yd fhduq
ug fm!oa.,sl wxYh u;a lrkjd' fuu ludka;fha fhfokakka .ekau i|yd
,la if;di iud.u yryd ksIamdok kej; , .ekSf hdka;%Khla we;s lsug ud
fhdackd lrk w;r tajd remsh,a 125 la jk iykodhS ,lg wf, lsug wfmalaId
lrkjd' fuh jk hou wvq ug

Wmld jkq

we;s' f i`oyd ,la if;di fj;

remsh,a ,shk 300 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

147.

;jo" foaYSh jr ludka;h wdrlaId lsu i|yd u;aiH yd u;aiH wdY%s; ksIamdok
wdkhk i|yd fYaI fj<`o NdKav noao remsh,a 50 la olajd jelsug fhdackd lrkjd'

148.

foaYSh jr ludka;hg myiql ie,iSu i|yd foaYSh jr jrdhka YS;d.dro iys;j

kk ;dlaIKfhka iuka; jrdhka njg jehqKq lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' ta wkqj"
y,dj;" iai" l,auqfka" je,aje;=f" lfrhsk. iy mqrdKje,a, jr jrdhka
28

ixjOkh lsug remsh,a ,shk 750 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu jrdhka
fndagq ksIamdokh iy w;ajehd i|ydo myiql imhkq we;s'
149.

lDIs iy u;aiH ksIamdok lrkq ,nk ia:dkhkag wdikakj ta yd nekq ieliq ludka;
myiql we;s lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu myiql fmdf Nd;dlsfuka msjeh
wju lr.; yelsf' ta wkqj wkqrdOmqrh" jkshdj iy ls,sfkd ia;%slalhkays lDIs yd
mY= im;a iy u;aiH ieliq l,dmhka msysgqug uu fhdackd lrkjd' ta i|yd remsh,a
,shk 100 la fjka lrkjd'

150.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" h u;aiH j.dj wdydruh fmdaIKh ,ndfok w;ru wdodh

uQ,dY%hlao fjkjd'

fuu lafIa;%h uqukskau m%fhdackhg f.k ke;'

tneka u;aiH

wNsckk Od;djh by< kexu i|yd cd;sl c, wldhg ^NAQDA) remsh,a ,shk
100 la fjka lrkq ,nkjd'
151.

yelshdjka iys; Wkkajla olajk fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdfhdaclhka i|yd mirhg

ydkshla fkdjk whqka u;aiH jHdmdr lrf.k hdug iqiq mirhla iy wjYH wfkl=;a
myiql iys; c, j.dl,dmhla ^Aquareculture Park) uvl,mqj ia;%slalh ;=<
msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu l,dmh jdKsc mokka c, j.d jHdmdr wdrN
lsug wfmalaIs; wdh;k i|yd wdfhdack ys;ld miqula imhkq ,nkjd' fuu c,
j.d l,dmh rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iyNd.s;aj yjq,a jHdmdrhla ^PPP) f,i
ixjOkh lrkq ,nkjd' ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 100 la uQ,sl lghq;= fjkqfjka fjka
lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

152.

uE; ld,fha wnqo /ilg uqyqK isk biaika ludka;h ksis wjOdkhlg ,la fkd
mj;skjd' flfia jqjo" fuu lafIa;%fha jOkh i|yd we;s bvlv ie,ls,a,g f.k
wdishdkq ixjOk nexl=f iyfhda.s;ajfhka l%shd;aul lsug fhda; iq yd uOH
mudK jHdmdr i|yd jk Kh l%uh hgf;a" biaika ludka;fha fh isk j.d
lrkakka" wNsckk l%shdlrejka iy ieliq lrejkaf.a m%d.aOk wjYH;d i|yd Kh
,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

tfiau biaika ludka;fha fh iskakka i|yd iq yd

uOH mudK jHdmdr i|yd jk wem wruqo, hgf;a wem ,ndug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'
153.

hqfrdamd fj<|m,g u;aiH wmkhkh i|yd jk ;yku wmf.a jrhkag wjdis iy.;
f,i n,md ;sfnkjd' jvd;a ixf rchla f,i we;e jrhska uqyqKmdk wmyiq;d wm
fydka okakjd'

ta wkqj hqfrdamSh fj<|m,g u;aiH wmkhkh i|yd mj;sk ;yku

bj;alr kej; tu fj<|m,g msiSug bvlv i,id .ekSu i|yd rch ksrka;rj idlPd
lrka iskjd'

cd;Hka;r kshuhkag wkql+, u i|yd jrhd;%dj,g ifm%aIK

WmlrK ^Transponders) ilsug rch iska kgu;a lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd'

154.

jr wxYfhka wdlhg ,efnk odhl;ajh by< kexf wruqKska .eUqre uqyqfoa uiqka
we,a,Su i|yd n,m;% ,ndf l%ufohla y\qkajd ug lghq;= lrk w;r ta hgf;a tla
n,m;%,dNshl= wju jYfhka jrhska 100 fofkl= tu ldhhka i|yd iyNd.slrjd .;
hq;=f'

29

l=l= md,kh
155.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" foaYSh l=l=uia ksIamdokj, ;;a;ajh yd M,odhS;djh jOkh lsu

i|yd tu ksIamdokhka i|yd ;jrg;a wjYH wdfhdack mq,a lsu Wkka lrug uu
leu;shs'

Y%S ,xldj l,dmh ;=< l=re WK frda.fhka ksoyia rgla f,i we;s jdish

fYaIfhkau ueo fmr. we;= foaY fj<|m,j,a fj; msiSu i|yd fhdod .ekSug;a
Wkka lrkjd' rch iska f ms,sn|j Wmu iyfhda.h ,ndfokq we;s'
je,s wdlh
156.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" 1992 jIfha msysgqjQ m%dfoaYSh je,s iud. i|yd wod, jQ ld,h
f jk g;a imQK we;'

tneka ishu m%dfoaYSh je,s iud. fld<U fldgia

fj<|fmdf,a f,aLK.; iud. njg m;al< yels m tajd l<ukdlrKh l< yels l=vd
tall f,i m%;sixOdkh lsu ;=,ska mqkjkh lsf ld,h ka meK ;sfnkjd'
tajf.au m%dfoaYSh je,s iud.j, bv O fnda. j.dlsu i|yd Nd;d lsu iSud lsu
,sys,a lsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd' flfia fj;;a" kej; j.d lsu yd klrKh i|yd
jQ .=ld,Sk wdfhdack islsug lemjQ m%dfoaYSh je,s iud.j, l,a n ld,h"
l<ukdlrK .dia;=j kej; i,ld ne,Sug hg;aj wjqre 50 olajd > lsug ud fhdackd
lrkjd'
157.

f;a ludka;h - .re l:dkdhl;=uks" f;a Y%S ,xldf m%Odk wmkhk fNda.h f,i
;jrg;a mj;sk kuq;a tys w.h tl;= lsu ^Value Addition) wfmalaIs; ugug ,d
ke;' fuu ludka;h kg cd;Hka;r fj<|fmdf,a , wvqulg uqyqK ;sfnkjd'
fuh l=vd iy uOH mudKfha f;a j.dlrejka flfrys n,mEula we;s lr ;sfnkjd'
tuksid fuu .eg iu i|yd rcfha iy fm!oa.,sl wxYfhka iuka; l%shdld
lgqjla m;alsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

158.

f;a Y% lsu - Y%S ,xldj f,dalfha m%Odk f;a ksIamdolhl= yehg w.h tl;= lsu w;ska
vqndhs jeks rgj,g jvd miqmiska iskjd' miq.sh udi lSmh ;=< f;a ludka;h iska Y%S
,xldjg f;a wdkhkh lsu ,sys,a lrk f,i m%n, b,a,S bm;a lr ;sfnkjd' tuksid
Y%S ,xldj f;a flakaia:dkhla f,i f;a Y% lsu jeks lghq;= ;=<ska w.h tl;= lsu
jelr .ekSug Wkka lsf wruqkska Y%S ,xldjg f;a wdkhkh lsu" mj;sk ffk;sl
rduqj ;=< ,sys,a lsug fhdackd lrkjd' fuys i|yka lsug leu;shs tu.ska Ceylon Tea
hk ikakduh fkdfjkiaj mej;Su i|yd f,an,a lsf wjYH;djh wksjdh lrk nj'

159.

rn ludka;h - .re l:dkdhl;=uks" rn ksIamdok lafIa;%fha YlH;d wOHkh i|yd

je,s ludka; wxYfha O mdYjlrejka iu tla m%Odk ie,iaula ^Master Plan)
ms,sfh< l< hq;=j we;'

fuu wruqK i|yd rch iska ;dlaIKsl wdOdr ,nd .ekSug

lghq;= lrka iskjd' fuu ie,eiau u.ska fuu lafIa;%h uqyqK fok Odldr .eg
i|yd ms<sh imhk w;r b l%shdud. ms,sn|jo u.fmkaula lrhs'

fuu ie,iqu

l%shd;aul lsug Wmldr lsu i|yd je,s ludka; wud;HdxYhg remsh,a ,shk 100 la
fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfiau wdkhk lrkjdg jvd foaYSh rn Nd;d lrk
f,i ud ludka;lrejkaf.ka Wolau b,a,d iskjd'
160.

fmd,a ludka;h - fmd,a ludka;h o f jk g w.h tl;= lsf .egjg uqyqK

;sfnkjd' fuhg fya;= we;af;a fmd,a ksIamdokfhka ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhla f.or fodr
30

wdydr ms<sfh, lsu i|yd Nd;hg .ekSuhs' fmd,a ludka;lrejkaf.a b,a,Su m wod,
rdcH wdh;k u.ska ykd f.k md,kh lrk wxY ;=< lrkq ,nk w.h tl;= lsu i|yd
fmd,a wdkhkh lsug fhdackd lrk w;r fuu ksIamdok miqj wmkhkh lrkq ,ef'
fufia fhdackd lrkq ,nk fmd,a wdkhkh lsu i|yd bvfokq ,nkafka ksfrdaOdhk
(Quarantine) wjYH;djhkag hg;ajh' tfiau fmd,a m%jOk lghq;= we;=j fmd,a
ksIamdok mqkre;a:dmk jevms,sfj, i|yd remsh,a ,shk 250 la fjka lsug fhdackd
lrkjd'
161.

f;a iy rn ludka; Wkka lru i|yd f;a iy rn j.d lsfuys kshq;= iud.j,g
jir foll n ksoyia lsula ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

162.

f;a" rn iy fmd,a ludka; hqKq lsu i|yd b;d mq,a f,i mfhaIK is lsug
w;HjYH jk w;r tu fidhd.ekS iy Ys,aml%u M,odhS f,i fhdod.; hq;= fjkjd'
tuksid f;a mfhaIKdh;kh" rn mfhaIKdh;kh iy fmd,a mfhaIKdh;kh
Yla;su;a lsug;a tu.ska tu wdh;k iska M,odhS;djh jelsu" fNda. Odx.SlrKh
wdh i|yd mfhaIKj, ksr;u Wkka flf' fuu wruqK i|yd remsh,a ,shk 200
la jir 2 l ld,hla ;=< fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

163.

wfkl=;a j.djka - rcfha wdOdr fkd,eu fya;=fldg f.k mqjla ksIamdokh miq.sh
oYlh mqrd fkdi,ld yer ;snqks' tneka ludka;h hqKq lsf yelshdj i,ld n,d
jdKsc jYfhka mqjla j.d lsu Wkka lrk w;r mqjla tl;=lsf l,dm msysgqug o ud
fhdackd lrkjd'

164.

rcfha wdOdr fkd,eu fya;=fldgf.k mqjla ksIamdokh miq.sh oYlh mqrd fkdi,ld
yer ;snqKs' tneka tu ludka;h hqKq lsf yelshdj i,ld n,d jdKsc jYfhka mqjla
j.d lsu Wkka lrk w;r wmkhk wruqKq lrf.k mqjla" w.h tl;= lsf l,dm
msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

l= nvq iy wdY%s; ksIamdok

165.

Y%S ,xldf l= nvq fj,|df b;sydih 7 jk Y; jIh olajd fjkjd' flfia kuq;a Y%S
,xldf l= nvq fj<|du wfmalaIs; ugug ,d fkdue;s w;r tu.ska rgg jkd
foaY ksuh bmhS ,eug we;s wjia:d wys ;sfnkjd'

166.

l=nvq ludka;h uqyqK fok fuu m%YaKhg iula f,i rch iska l=nvq ljqkais,h
iu inkaOj Y%S ,xldf l=nvq f.da,Sh jYfhka fj<| ikakdu .; lsf
jevms,sfj,la h;a lrkq we;' ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 150 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd
lrkjd'

ksIamdok jelsf wruqKska iy jemqr wmkhk wdodh W;amdokh lsu

i|yd rch i;= Nd;hg fkd.;a iY%Sl bv ta i|yd fhdod .ekSug myiql ie,iSug
fm!oa.,sl wxYhg l=re" .ia" lr|uqx.=" idlald wdh j.d lsu i|yd l,an
mokka bv ,ndug fhdackd lrkjd'

fYaIfhkau .ia" lrouqx.= jeks l=nvq

j.dlsu fldka;%d;a l%uhg is lsu i|yd m%dfoaYSh je,s iud. Wkka flf' f
i|yd wmkhk lDIslu fomd;fka;=f l=re mfhaIK wxYh Yla;su;a lsf
wruqKska remsh,a ,shk 50 la fjkalsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'
167.

kshu l=re iemhSu inkaOj Y%S ,xldjg f,dal fj<|fmdf,a l=re` iemhqfuka ishhg 85
m%udKhlg jvd taldldrhla ;sfnkjd' l=re j.df jkdl l%shdoduh (Value Chain)
31

O wdh;k hgf;a we;s w;r tu.ska fuu ludka;fha jOkh iSud ;sfnkjd'
tneka fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iyNd.s;ajh we;sj jkdl odufha ish lghq;= tl
wdh;khla hg;g f.k taug l=re ixjOk wldhla we;s lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
tai|yd remsh,a ,shk 50 la fjka lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
168.

;jo l=re ludka;fha l=i,;d jehqKq lsf wruqKska l=re mqyqKq mdie, jHdma;
lrkq we;' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 50 la fjka lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

169.

l=re ludka;fha w.h tl;=lsu b;d my< ugul mj;sk ;;a;ajhla hgf;a

cd;sl

oHd moku u.ska l=re ludka;h yd ta wdY%s; lghq;= inkaOfhka lrk mfhaIK
fjkqfjka tu wdh;khg o remsh,a ,shk 50 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
170.

l=nvq wmkhkh ffOhu;a lsu i|yd .ia" lrdnq ke iy idlald u; mkjd we;s
fiia n bj;a lrkjd'

.%dh wdlh k.d isgqu

171.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a wdl m%;sm;a;sfha tla uq,a.,la jkafka .%dh wdlh k.d
isgquhs' f inkaOfhka 14"022 la jk .%du ks,Od fldGdY imQK .%dh wdl
uOHia:dk jYfhka l%shdlrk fmdl=re .udk 2"500 la f,ig ixjOkh lrkq we;' f
wkqj" .%dh ck;djf.a jk ;;a;ajh jehqKq lsug wjYH myiql ie,iSf woyiska
fuu .udkj, fmd myiql ixjOkh iy
wdrN lrkq we;'

jfkdamdh ixjOkh lsf jHdmD;s

f.dkag o idudlhka h yels Yd, mudKfha lDIsldl

jHjidhhka .%dh wdl ixjOk ie,iq hgf;a msysgqjkq we;' fuu .%dh wdlh
k.disgqf jev igyk i|yd tla .ulg remsh,a ,shk 1'5

ne.ska fjkalsug;a

fhdackd lrkjd' f i|yd jeh fjk uq uqo, remsh,a ,shk 21"000 la jkjd'
172.

tfiau jjqkshdf kj wdl l,dmhla we;s lsug;a fhdackd lrkjd' ta i|yd remsh,a
,shk 200 la .%dh wdl lghq;= wud;HdxYhg fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

173.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" .%dh lDIsludka;h kg;a jfkdamdhla f,i wm wdlfha m%n,

ia:dkhl mj;S'

tys jdud. wjYH;d imhd .kqfha yis wjOdkhlg fhduq h hq;=

l=vd je iy we<j,a u.sks' tuksid .%dh lDIsludka;h fj; iydh jkq msKsi l=vd
je iy we<j,a m%;sixialrKh lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"000 la fjkalsug ud
fhdackd lrkjd'
cd;sl mdil ixrlaIK jevigyk
174.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" mirh iska ishu ka flfrys lrkq ,nk n,mEu ie,ls,a, g
f.k jir 3 l cd;sl mdil ixrlaIK jev igykla w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud iska
wdrN lr ;sfnkjd' jk im; ixjOkh lsu iy ixrlaIKh lsu" mir IKh
md,kh lsu" mdil iu;=,s;nj wdrlaId lsu ;sridr bv l<ukdlrKh" j im;a
ixrlaIKh wdh uu jevigyk hgf;a l%shd;aul lsug wfmalaIs;h' fuu lghq;= i|yd
iy <ud wdrlaIKh u;a Wjr relsu yd lDIsluh yd inkaO wu;r jevigyka
i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"000 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

32

175.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldj i;=j me<E iy i;aj fYaI ish .Kkla ;sfnk w;r th
m%udKfhka Y%S ,xldj yd iudk fndfyda rgj,a iu ii|d n,k l, fjk;a rgj,g
fkdue;s jdis iy.; ;;a;ajhls' flfia fj;;a ksia l%shdldrl yd j, l<ukdlrK
l%u fuu kag iy iajNdl mirhg ;ckhla ;sfnkjd' tuksid jkka wdrlaId
lsug iy w,s - ksia .egqug b,lal.; iula ,ndu i|yd jir 3 la ;=< m%fhdackh
.ekSu remsh,a ,shk 4"000 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

is;=re u;aiH ludka;h

176.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fgl Yla;su;a ludka;hla jQ is;=re u;aiH ludka;h ;=<

j;udkfha tu ;;a;ajh mj;skafka ke;' ud fm!oa.,sl wxYhg fYaIfhka furg
;reKhkag fuu ludka;fha kshe,Sug Wkka lrjkjd' tfiau fuh wmkhk
ludka;hla njg m;a lsug fuu ludka;fha jHdmdr wdrN lrk whg iykodhS
mokka Kh myiql ,ndugo fhdackd lrkjd'

ueKsla iy iajKdNrK
177.

Y%S ,dxlsl ueKsla yd iajKdNrK ludka;h i;=j wjqre 2500 lg jvd .= b;sydihla
;snqko fuu ludka;h i;=j we;s yelshdjka imQKfhka Wmfhdackh lr keye' f
miqu hgf;a" ludka;h k.d isgqu i|yd ueKsla iy iajKdNrK mqyqKq wdh;kh
iska mqyqKq lrkakka iy mqyqKqjkakka i|yd we;s mqyqKq mdGud,d j;udk b,aug
i,k m Wiia lsug fhdackd lrkjd' ueKsla iy iajKdNrK inkaO lghq;=j,g
wod< mqyqKq lrkakka i|yd cd;Hka;r wjia:d ksrdjrKh lrk w;ru fuu mdGud,d
yodrK YsIHhkag mdGud,dj id:lj yodrk YsIHhkag YsIH;aj m%odkh lrkjd'

178.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ixpdrlhka wdlYkh lr .ekSu i|yd ueKsla yd iajKdNrK

wf,h m%jOkh i|yd;a ueKsla" iajKdNrK yd huka;s fjkafoais iEu jirlu"
wfm%a,a ui iy Tlaf;dan ui meje;aug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfiau fm!oa.,sl wxYh
iska ueKsla fj<| uOHia:dkhla r;akmqr k.rfha msysgqug;a" ;Sren rys; ueKsla yd
iajKdNrK idmamq .=jkaf;dgqmf,a msysgqug;a" t;=<ska ixpdrlhka by< hdu ;=<ska
,efnk m%;s,dN jelr .ekSug;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'

179.

tfiau fuu lafIa;%hg wod< cd;Hka;r ugf isk foaYSh Ys,amSka iq/lSu i|yd
wdkhkh lrkq ,nk iajKdNrK i`oyd ishhg 10 l fiia noaola mkjkjd'

180.

fuu ish iydhka iy Wkka lsj,ska ueKsla yd iajKdNrK lafIa;%fha wmkhk

bmhS jI 2018 jk g wefuldkq fvd, ,shk 2 la olajd ,djkq we;ehs
n,dfmfrd;a;= fjkjd'

rka ludka;h
181.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" r;%ka < b;d wvq we;s ;;a;ajhla ;=< rka ludka;h fj; lk
wjOdkh fhduq lsf wjYH;djhla mj;skjd' tuksid r;%ka u; n meku iqiq keye'
ta wkqj wdkhk n whlsulska f;drj r;%ka wdkhkh i|yd n,m;% 50 la ksl=;a lsf
l%uhla ilia lsug Y%S ,xld uy nexl=jg fhdackd lrkjd' fuu n,m;%,dNSka iska
rkalrejka fj; wdkhksl r;%ka l=Kkq we;' fujeks n,m;%hka fkdue;s lsis wfhl=g
r;%ka fj<|df fhug wjir fokq fkd,ef'
33

m%d:l ludka;
182.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" m%d:l ludka; fkdfhla .eg ksid we;sjk , WPdjpkhkag

,lafjkjd' tuksid m%d:l ludka; uqyqK fok wNsfhda. i|yd Wmdh ud.
ykd.ekSug ludka;fha isk fYaI{hskaf.ka iuka; m%d:l ludka; ljqkais,hla
(Primary Industry Council) msysgqug fhdackd lrkjd'

183.

.re w.ue;s;=udf.a m%;sm;a;s m%ldYfha i|yka lr we;s m fYaIs; lDIsldl yd jr

wmkhk l,dm rg;=< msysgqjkq we;'

m%d:l ludka; wud;HdxYh fj; fuu fhda;

lDIsldl yd jr wmkhk l,dm msysgqu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"000 la fjka lrkjd'
wdlh g,alrKh
184.

.re l:dkdhl;=ukss" g,alrKh wo hqKq rgj, m%p,s;j we;s w;r o;a; tl;= lsu
yd o;a; Yaf,aIKh" rgl wdodh hqKq lr .ekSug bv m%ia:d iy w.h tl;= lsf bv
m%ia:d i,ikjd' fujeks l%ufohka ;=<ska Y%S ,xldf ;dlaIK ;,h by< ugulg <`.d
jk w;r f,dj fndfyda hqKq rgj,a yd iei`h yels ia:djrhlg wkq.; h yelshs'
fujeks by< fYa%Ks.;ula rgl mmd,k lafIa;%h mqrd ldYhjk w;r ta ;=<ska moaO;s
yd md,k l%ufoo Wiia ugulg <`.d fjkjd' ir,j i`oyka lf<fyd;a wdl
ixjOkh i|yd wka;cd, inkaO;d Okd;aul n,mEula we;s lrkjd'
cd;sl g,a wh`mf;a we;s fYaIs; wxlh ishu o;a; moaO;sj, tk .uka n,m;%"
n ,smsf.dkq" f.= ,sh,s" jdyk ,shdmx" Pkao ,ehsia;=" iqN idOk ,ehsia;=" nexl=
moaO;sj," fmd fiajd ,am;a wdfha we;=,;a lrkq we;' n wh

lr .ekSu ldhlaIu

lsu i`oyd tu wxlh m%fhdackhg .ekSug wu;rj iqNidOk f.j, jxpd yd IK

wvq lsug;a" m%udohka" kdia;sh ;=rka lr ldhlaI;djh je lsug;a Wmld jkq we;'
185.

wmf.a rch iska fmdfrdka jQ m iy wmf.a f;dr;=re ;dlaIK mj;k

Wmdhudfhys wxYhla f,i wm iska kgu;a iS;j ksoyia Wi-fi myiql f;dard.;a
fmd ia:dkj,g ,nd ;sfnkjd' tfiau wm iska ksoyia Wi-fi myiql wfma ishu
rdcH wxYfha Yaj oHd, i|yd o ,nd fokjd' b f;jir ;=, wfma rch iska
mmQK ixjOk Wmdhud.hla l%shd;aul lsug wgka lr f.k ;sfnkjd' fuh
wdlhg lemS fmfkk n,mEula we;s lrkq we;'

186.

ta wkqj jir 2018 wjika jk g m%dfoaYSh f,al ldhd," m,d;a iNd" m%dfoaYSh iNd"
Wm;eme,a ldhd, yd fmd,sia ia:dk we;= ish rcfha f.dvke.s,s bf,lafg%dkslj
inkaO jkq we;ehs wfmalaId lrkjd' fuu.ska Tjqkaf.a tfkod jev lghq;=j,ska ishhg
70 la muK wka;cd,fhka bgqlr .; yels fjkjd'

187.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" cd;sl g,a yekqm;la ykajd ug o wm fhdackd lrkjd'

tu.ska" ishu uQ,H yd uQ,H fkdjk g,a .kqfokq jvd;a wdrlaIdld f,i isu
iy;sl l< yelshs' ^fuu W;a;;r iNdf myiqj i|yd ta ms<sn`oj o< ie,eiau weuqKqu
vi f,i fuhg wuqKd we;'&

188.

wfma g,a Wmdhud.hg cd;sl f. ;,h (National Payment Platform) ykajd u

we;=,;a jk w;r tu.ska uyck;djg Tjqkaf.a cd;sl g,a yekqm;a (National Digital
34

Identity) Nd;fhka ish cx.u rl:kh ud.fhka ;ud ,nd.;a NdKav yd fiajd i|yd
ish nexl= .sKqj,ska uqo,a f.ug wjia:dj ,efnkjd' cd;sl f. ;,h yryd flfrk
.kqfokq u.ska fj<|fmd, uqo,a ixirKh wvq u ksid ldhlaIu;djh by< kexfuka
rchg b;=rejla o we;s lrkq we;'
189.

mirh yd .=jka ;rx. wdrlaId lsug yd ,s ixfoaY im;a ldhlaIu f,i Nd;d
lsu i|yd f;dr;=re yd ixksfok ;dlaIK wdh;kh ^ICTA) hgf;a fYaI wruqKq i|yd
jk iud.ula (Special Purpose Company) msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd' ,s ixfoaY
iud. iy ,xld ,sn, uKav,h" ud. ixjOk wldh yd Y%S ,xld h fiajh
we;= wfkl=;a wdh;k i;= ishu ;ka;= (Fiber) fukau jKdj,s mrdihka (Spectrum)
iy cx.u rl:k ifm%aIK l=Kq fuu wdh;kh hg;g m;ajkq we;'

190.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" frday,a fiajd bv lghq;= iy iuDoa f. jeks uyck;dj uQ,sl

lr.;a fmd fiajdjka iemhSf" cd;sl g,a yekqm; iu taldnoaO lrk ;ks
ljqjla (Single Window Concept) hk ixl,amh l%shd;aul lsug wm woyia lrkjd'
rcfha bv l<ukdlrK l%u moaO;sh yd bv flakaia:dk l%u moaO;sh fuu ;ks
ljqf fldgila f,i l%shd;aul lrkq we;'

191.

mka;s ldur ;=< bf.kSf yd b.ekaf l%shdj,sh i|yd f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh fhdod
.ekSu Yla;su;a lsu msKsi wOHdmk wud;HdxYh iu iyfhda.fhka jHdmD;s lsysmhla
ie,iq lr we;' fuys uQ,sl mshjrla jYfhka rgmqrd iaud g,a mka;s ldur 200 la
2016 jif o mka;s ldur 1000 la 2017 jif o wdrN lrkq we;'

192.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rch" jD; rdcH iyNd.s;ajh (Open Government Partnership)

i|yd lem iskjd' cd;sl o;a; ;,h ^National Data Platform) l%shd;aul lsu u.ska Y%S
,xldjg jD; rdcH iyNd.s;ajfhys wjYH;d imQK lsug ;jrg;a iydhla ,efnkq
we;'

193.

Wiia g,aalrK jevigyka l%shd;aul lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 10"000 l m%;smdokhla
fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

wdfhdack m%jOkh
194.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks 2014 jif iDcq foaY wdfhdack m%udKh wefuldkq fvd,
,shk 1'7 la muKla jQ w;r fuh ksielju l,dmfha iudk rgj,a yd ieif wvq
w.hls'

miq.sh udi lsysmh ;=< wm jhsfka wdfhdack jd;djrK jHqyh ms<sn`oj

wOHhkh l< w;r ka wm wdfhdack jHqyh jehqKq lsf yd m%;sixialrKh lsf

Wmdh ud.sl .uka u. ilia lsf ldhfha fh iskjd'
195.

fuu m%h;akfha" wdfhdack myiq lr,Sug yd fufyhq ldhlaIu;djh je hqKq lsu

i|yd" wdfhdack uKav,h" wmkhk ixjOkh uKav,h yd Y%S ,xld ixpdrl ixjOk
wldh m%;sjHqy.; lsug wm rch lghq;= lrkq we;' fuu m%;sjHqy.;lrK l%shdj,sh
wjika jk f;la ixjOkh i|yd jQ ksfhda;dh;kh k jQ ixOdkhla msysgqjkq we;'
35

196.

.re l:dkdhl;=ukss" Y%S ,xldf foaYSh yd f.da,Sh wdfhdaclhka kj f,dal jHdmdr

ksmqK;djhka iu inkaO lsug wmg wjYH ;sfnkjd' wo f.da,Sh jkdl odu
iska O rgj,aj, O wuqjH yd olaI;djhka uekka l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nkjd'
fuu l%uhg Y%S ,xldf isk foaYSh yd f.da,Sh wdfhdaclhka f iu`. inkaO lsug
wm lem iskjd'

197.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska fuu iNdjg m%ldY l< m" rfgys
wdfhdack mirh je hqKq lsu i|yd wjYH kS;s kgu;a flgqm;a lrka mj;skjd'
hymd,kh i|yd jQ wmf.a lemu fya;=fjka m%Odk wdfhdaclhka furfgys wdfhdackh
lsug uy;a Wkkajlska miqfjkjd'

198.

weuldkq fvd, ,shk follg jvd wdfhdack ,eh yels fYaI lafIa;%hka f,i my;
lafjk lafIa;%hka wm iska ykd f.k ;sfnkjd'
f;,a msmyj
mqkckkSh n,Yla;sh
taldnoaO fudag r: ksIamdokh
l,dmh i|yd jdfka md, ksIamdokh
fmdfydr" %m,a iqm f*diafma ksIamdokh
pka%ld ;dlaIKh
.=jka hdkd w;ajehdj yd thg wod< fjk;a iydh l%shdjka
taldnoaO iSks ludka;h

199.

fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a wdfhdack wdlYkh lr .ekSug we;s m%Odk wjysr;d inkaOfhka
my; m wm lghq;= lrkjd'

foaYslhkag bv n f mkjd we;s n bj;a lsug ud fhdackd lrk w;r

rg;=,g wfhdack wdlYkh lr .ekSug ndOdjlaj mj;sk bv ^neyer ls$iSud
lsu& mk; hgf;a" ykd.;a wdfhdackj, ysld;ajh inkaOfhka mkjd we;s
iSudjka bj;a lsugo i,ld n,kq ,ef'

ksuh md,kh" wdfhdack wdlYkh lr .ekSu inkaOfhka u;fNaohg ;=vq

we;s m%Odk lreKls' tneka" wmeye,s yd r mk;la fia ie,flk ksuh md,k
mk; wfydais lsug yd wdfhdack ys;ld foaY ksuh l<ukdlrK mk;la
ykajd ug fhdackd lrkjd' tu.ska idla (SAARC) l,dmfha iy f,dalfha
wfkl=;a rgj,ska foaY ksuh wdlYkh lr .ekSug yels jkq we;'

foaY wdfhdack m%jOkh lsu i`oyd Y%S ,xldf mqrjeishka fkdjk wh

yd

foaYSh iud. iska ,ehsia;=.; fldgiaj, wdfhdackfhka ,efnk ,dNdxY wdh"

wdodh noafoka ksoyia lsug lghq;= lrkjd'

wdfhdack uKav,h fjkqjg msysgqjkq ,nk ixjOkh i|yd jk ksfhda;dh;kh

foaY wdfhdackhla i|yd jk b,am;a imQK lr k 50 la ;=< jev wdrN
lsu iy;sl lrkq we;'

wdfhdack m%jOkh i|yd fuh ksielfhkau kejq

m%fYhla jkq we;'

36

200.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ;jrg;a wdfhdack wdlYkh lr .ekSug yd r|jd ;nd .ekSug

wjYH k mj;akd wmkhk ieliq l,dm ^Export Processing Zones) klrKh lsu
w;HjYH fjkjd' tneka" fuu l,dmhka l<ukdlrKh lsf ldhh" wjYH
ksmqk;djhka iys; fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l<ukdlrK iud. fj; mejug fhdackd
lrkjd' kj wmkhk ieliq l,dm we;s lsf wdfhdack uKav,h il%Shj thg
odhljkq we;' kj l,dmhkays l<ukdlrKho fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l<ukdlrK
iud.j,g mjrd fokq we;'

201.

Yd, jYfhka mir ixf ludka; mq;a;,u" ynkaf;dg" ls,sfkdh jeks

fYaIfhka y`kd.;a m%foaYj, l%shd;aul lsu i`oyd wjYH myiql i,id fokq we;'

202.

rf ish m%foaY iudk f,i ixjOkh lrkq ,nk njg jk rcfha m%;sm;a;sh iy;sl
lrkq jia miq.d m%foaYj, wdfhdackh lrk wdfhdaclhkag rcfha bv yd wdfhdack
wdY%s; n iyk ,nd ug lghq;= lrkq ,ef' fujeks m%foaYj, wdfhdackh i`oyd
wdfhdaclhka fmd<Ujkq msKsi wju jYfhka wefulka fvd, ,shk 10 la ^bv yd
f.dvke`.s,s jkdl yer& wdfhdackh lrk fyda kj /lshd 500 la we;s lrk ^fiajl
w:idOl wruqof,ys kj wxl iys;j& tu m%foaYj, lghq;= wrUk kEu kj iud.ulg
jir myl ld,hla i`oyd ishhg 50 l n iyk ,nd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu
fiajlhka ixLHdj 800 blaujk g fuu ld, mfoh jir 8 olajd > lrkq we;'
f i`oyd fjk;a O iyk ie,iSug o i,ld n,kq we;'

203.

,sysis f;,a ( j;udkfha rf ,sysis f;,a fj<`ofmd< iud. w;f,diaila iska

md,kh lrkq ,nkjd' tneka" ,sysis f;,a fj<`ofmd< jD; lsug ud fhdackd lrk
w;r by< wdfhdack iys; w.h tl;= l< ksIamdok i`oyd fhduq ug iud. Wkka
lrug lghq;= lrkjd' ;jo" wdfhdack uKav,fha ksfYaO ,ehsia;=fjka ^Negative List)
,sysis f;,a bj;a lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd

204.

wf.S ud. m%;sixialrK yd ixjOk lghq;= f.j;a lsu i`oyd ;dr fjf<`ofmd,
,sys,a lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

205.

hka;% i`oyd wdfhdackh lrka kg mj;akd jHdmdr mq,a lsu i`oyd klrKh lsu
.ekaug ud leu;shs' tu jHdmdr mq,a lsfuka cks; lrkq ,nk kj /lshd ixLHdj
wkqj jir 3 lg wO n wkqm;dhlg hg;ajkjd we;s'

206.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh rch iska y`kajd fok ,o 2011 wxl 43 ork W!K
Wmfhda; j;al iy W!K

l%shdld wdh;k mqkreoh lsf mk; u.ska fndfyda

wdfhdaclhka wmyiq;djhg m;a lrk ,o w;r tu mk; iudf,dapkh lr wjYH

ixfYdaOk lsug wm woyia lrkjd' fuu rch tjeks wys;lr foaYmd,k w.;s.d
l%shdjka is fkdlrk nj uu wjOdrKh lsug leu;shs' ta fjkqjg foaYSh yd f.da,Sh
wdfhdaclhka wdrlaId lsu i`oyd kj kS;s f.k taug wm woyia lrkjd'
207.

Wmdh ud.sl ixjOk jHdmD;s mk; - mk; hgf;a iyk ,enQ iud. i`oyd ;jrg;a
n,d;aulj mj;skq we;' kj wdfhdackhkag Wmdh ud.sl ixjOk jHdmD;s mk;
fjkqjg zkj wdfhdack mk;Z y`kajd fokq we;' .re l:dkdhl;=uks"

rf wdl

N+ldjg n,mEula t,a, lrk Yj ixjOk jHdmD;s i|yd wdfhdackh lsug tlS
37

iud. i|yd n wkq.%y ,nd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd' flfia jqjo kj fr.=,dis mkjk
f;la kgu;a iyk i|yd whlr we;s iud. i|yd w;rue ld,fha fuu iyk
;jrg;a ,ndfokq we;' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh rch hgf;a fkdukd wkq.%y ,nka
wl ,dN bmehQ w;f,diaila iud. i`oyd wms iqms jdis noao mekjQfhuq' fuh tla jrla
muKla f.jk noaola f,i mkjd we;' tneka wkd.;fha " iqms jdis noaola fkdue;s
nj fuu W;a;;r iNdjg okajd isug leu;shs'
208.

rg ;=<g .,dtk fm%aIK yd wdfhdack - .re l:dkdhl;=uks miq.sh oYlh mqrd rf

mej;s kS;shla fkdue;s" Is; hymd,kfhka f;dr Ydm,;a mirh" jHdmdr mj;ajdf.k
hdu i`oyd Yd, ndOdjla h' rdcH md,k n,h fjkiau;a iu`.u ka fuu rg jHdmdr
i`oyd ys;lr mirhla ksudKh we;' ka foaYmd,k ia:djr;ajh yd hymd,kh mj;S'
tneka rgg wruqo,a f.k taug fndfyda wh ;u wNs,dIh m< lr we;' Tjqkag w;sfl
myiqjla i,ikq msKsi Tjqkaf.a wdfhdack yd fm%aIKhka wdrlaIdu iy;sl u i`oyd
rlaIkdjrKhla iemhSug cd;Hka;r wdh;k iu`. lghq;= lsug uu fhdackd lr'
tfiau O fya;= u; ish uqo,a Y%S ,xldfjka neyerj ;ndf.k is Y%S ,dxlslhkag tu
uqo,a rf wdl ixjOkhg odhlu msKsi urgg /f.k tk f,ig uu b,a,d is'
ksuh md,k ,sys,a lsu;a iu foaY wdfhdaclhkag rgg wdfhdack f.k taug ykajd
;snQ wdrlaIK wdfhdack .sKq l%uh wfydais lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

ta fjkqjg

wdfhdaclhkag u;a nexl= l%uh ;=< mj;akd kEu nexl= .sKqulska Y%S ,xldjg uqo,a
f.ktaug bvh hq;= njgo fhdackd lrkjd' ;%ia;jd lghq;=" u;ajH" kS;s frda ksia
cdjdru fyda IK yd jxpdj,ska Wmhk ,o wdodh fm%aIKh lrk wjia:d yereKq fldg
nexl= .sKq l%uh yryd msgrg ;ndf.k ;sfnk uqo,a furgg fm%aIKh lrk lsisu
mqoa.,fhl=g tfrysj rch iska ffk;sl mshjr .kafka ke;'

;jrg;a Y%S ,xldfjka

msg; lrk ,o fiajd i|yd ish`M .kqfokq nexl= l%uh yryd is l<hq;= njg jk
fldkafoaish hgf;a foaYSh wdodh mk; wkqj mj;sk ksoyia ls m%udKh je lsu;a
fhdackd lrkjd' f ksid fuu m%;smdokj,ska

m%fhdack .kakd f,ig ish`Mu wdh;k

u;a lrkjd'
209.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ynkaf;dg jrdh yryd hk uqyq ud.h jdIslj f;,a ke 4"500
la we;=j fk!ld 35"000 la muK Nd;d lrkq ,nhs' flfia jqj;a" j;udkfha wms
bkaOk imhkq ,nkafka" jdIslj w;f,diaila jQ ke ixLHdjlg muKs' tneka mj;akd
w;s Yd, Njhka ie,ls,a,g f.k .eUqre uqyqfoa f;,a iemhSf ldhhg msiSug uu
fm!oa.,sl wxYh u;a lrkjd' ta i|yd jk n,m;% kso Ndjfhka hq;a ;r.ld ,xiq
le|f l%shdj,shla u.ska ,nd fokq we;'

210.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ke iEf yd fldgia lsf ludka;h" ke w;ajehd lsu

jeks lghq;= ffOhu;a lsu i|yd ynkaf;dg yd ;%sl+Kdu,fha rcfha bv ,nd ug
ud fhdackd lrkjd'

211.

,xldf %m,a iqm fmdiafma (TSP) ksIamdokh i|yd rdcH wxYh i;=j lghq;= lsug
fm!oa.,sl wxYho ffOhu;a lr'

tu.ska fmdfydr wdkhkhg jehjk foaY ksuh

rfgys b;s jk w;r f.dhkag ord .; yels ,lg fmdfydr ,efuka iykhla
ie,fikq we;'

38

wmkhk m%jOkh
212.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmkhk k`.d isgqu inkaOfhka is;a .kaakd iq w,xldr l:d
lSjo" miq.sh oYlh rf wmkhk lghq;= wid:l jQ oYlhla h' rcfha wroYS
m%;sm;a;s ksid wmg foaY fj<`ofmd, wys jQ w;r tksid rf fj<`o ys`.h ie,lsh hq;=
ugka by< ke`.sks' jir 2000 o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 33'3 la jQ Y%S ,xldf
fj<`o NdKav wmkhkh jir 2014 ishhg 14 olajd my; jeK' tfiau" tu ld,h ;=<
f.da,Sh wmkhk fj<`ofmdf<ys Y%S ,xldf odhl;ajh ishhg 0'09 isg ishhg 0'06 olajd
my; jegqfKa oamdYj l,dmSh fj<`o .siq yd wmkhk Odx.SlrKh u.ska fuu
;;a;ajfhka f.dvtaug wjYH mshjr .ekSf wjYH;djh fmkajd foks' foaY wxYfha
ia:djr;ajh" Y%S ,xld idj wdl jOkfha yd ixjOkh i`oyd ;sridr wmkhk
jOkhl wjYH;djh n,j;a neka ta i`oyd my; lafjk m%Odk mshjr .ekSug fhdackd
lrkjd'

213.

Y%S ,xldf wmkhk Wmdh ud. id:lj l%shd;aul lsug yd M,odhS wlaIKh iy;sl
lrkq msKsi m%;sm;a;s ;SrK .; yels yd ndOd bj;a lsf yelshdj iys; by< ugf
wdh;khla msysgqjkq we;' ta wkqj" w;s.re ckdm;s;=udf.a iNdm;s;ajfhka yd .re
w.%dud;H;=udf.a yd wod< wfkl=;a wud;Hjrekaf.a idudl;ajfhka hq;a wud;H wmkhk
ixjOk iNdjla Export Development Council of Ministers (EDCM) m;a lrkq we;'
wmkhk m%jOkhg wod< ish mdYjlrejkaf.a Yla;Ska talrdYS l< yels w;r"
wdh;khkays mj;sk ldhh oalrKh bj;a lsu" ksrka;r m%.;s iudf,dapkh ksjer
lsf l%shdud. .ekSu" wmkhk inkaOfhka uOH ld,Sk b,lalj, isg .=ld,Sk
b,lal <`.d lr .ekSu i`oyd M,odhS f,i fhduqu fuu l%shdj,sh ;=<ska bgq jkq we;'

214.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldj wNHka;rdNsuqL (Inward Looking) Wmdhud.j, isg

ndysrdNsuqL (Outward Looking) Wmdh ud. olajd by< ugulg hd hq;=j we;' nexl=
lghq;=" bls" wOHdmk jeks wfma foaYSh ludka;j,g foaYSh iSudfjka neyerj kj
fjf<`ofmd< lrd hdug wjYH Od;djh we;'

tneka tu wjia:d .%ykh lr .ekSu

i`oyd wdkhk wmkhk nexl=jla Export Import Bank (EXIM Bank) msysgqug ud fhdackd
lrkjd'

fuys uQ,sl m%d.aOkh remsh,a ,shk 25 la jk w;r thg rch yd ludka;

wxYh tlaj wkq.%yh olajkq we;'

ta wkqj fuys wdrNl m%d.aOkh jYfhka remsh,a

,shk 50la rcfha odhl;ajh f,i ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

fuu EXIM nexl=j

2016 wfm%a,a 1 k isg l%shd;aul jkq we;' tfiau" th fld<U fldgia fj<`ofmdf<ys
,ehsia;=.; iud.ula jkq we;'
215.

mqoa.,sl wxYfha foaYSh iud. ish jHdmdr fYaIfhka" ,s W;amdokhg wod< lafIa;%
we;=j foaYhkag jHdma; lr we;s nj ud i;=ka i`oyka lr' tneka ,xld ,sn,
uKav,h o foaYhkays ,s W;amdokh" ifm%aIKh yd fnodye i`oyd wjia:dj ,nd
.ekSug ffOhu;a lrkjd' kgu;a fndfyda foaYSh iud. ,sh inkaO jHdmD;sj,
fufyhq lghq;= W.kavdj yd gekaidkshdj wd rgj, jHdma; lr we;'

216.

wm ieu fokd okakd m wmkhk m%jOkh inkaOfhka Y%S ,xld ;dkdm;s

ldhd,j,g w;sYh jeo.;a ldh Ndrhla bgql< yelsh'

tneka wfma foaY ;

uKav,j, jdKsc wxYh Yla;su;aa lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' f wkqj" Y%S ,dxlsl ;
uKav,j, jdKsc wxYh iska foaYSh jHdmdlhkag l,ska l,g wjYH jk m NdKav yd
39

fiaajd fj<`ofmd< ms<sn`oj udf.damfoaY iemhSu wksjdh l< hq;= hehs ud fhdackd
lrkjd' fuu f;dr;=re jdKsc fomd;fka;=f yd wmkhk ixjOk uKav,fha fj
wvfhys m< lrkq we;'
217.

;jo" wmkhk ixjOk l%shdldrl je hqKq lsu i`oyd wmkhk ixjOk uKav,h
Yla;su;a lrkq we;' tfiau" wmkhk ixjOk uKav,h Y%S ,dxlSh wmkhk i`oyd kj
fj<`ofmd, fiug l%shdldj lghq;= lsug o fYaIfhka f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh" l= nvq"
ueKsla yd iajKdNrK wdfhys mq,a f,i ikakdu m%jOkh l< hq;= nj o ud fhdackd
lrkjd'

218.

Y%S ,xld wmkhk Kh rlaIK ixia:dj mq,a l< hq;= njg o wmf.a wmkhklrejkag kj
fj<`ofmd,j,a fj; wj;SKu io`yd wmkhk rlaIK fhdackd l%u mq,a l< hq;=hhs ud
fhdackd lrkjd' fYaIfhkau cd;Hka;r fj<`ofmd,g msiSu i`oyd Yd, Njhla we;s
wmf.a l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhkag wjYH iydh ,nd ug ixia:dj lghq;= l<
hq;=h'

ks, ix;
219.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" 2015 ckjd ui wmf.a mmd,kh Ndr.kakd g m%Odk jYfhkau

miq.sh rcfha fkdukd l<ukdlrKh ksid wmg Wreu jQfha w;sm%udKh l< remsh,ls'
fksid jemqru mSvdjg m;a wmf.a wmkhk lrejkaf.a ;rld;ajh imQKfhkau jdf.a
wvqh' f ld, iSudf kh" bxhdj" isx.mamQrej jeks hqKq wdlhka Tjqkaf.a uqo,a
wjm%udKh lrka f.da,Sh wdl wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK fok ,'

2001 jif g iudk

;;a;ajhg uqyqK ka wmf.a rch remsh, kej; ilia lrk ,' wfma mmd,kh fufyhjkq
,nkafka jD;a;slhka iska jk w;r tuksid foaY ksuh wkqmd; fkdukd f,i
l<ukdlrKh lsug bv fkdfok w;r ms<s.;a uQ,Ou u; ;SrK .ekSu islrkq we;'
220.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmkhklrejka iska wmkhk bmhSj,ska ishhg 30 la muK

tk" wefuldkq fvd, ,shk 3la Y%S ,xldfjka msg; r|jd .kakd nj oek.ekSug we;'
wmf.a rch fuu whjeh u.ska fkdfhla .eka wmkhklrejkag ,nd we;s w;r"
idOdrK yd mdroDIH jHdmdr mirhla ;yjqre lsug we;s wmf.a lemu u wmf.a
jHdmdr wxYfha i;=gg fya;=jkq we;'Tjqkq;a fmr<d m%;spdr oelah hq;= wjia:dj oeka
meK we;' Tjqka iska Tjqkaf.a ldhNdrh wksjdhfhkau bgq l<hq;=h'

221.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wfma wdlfha Tfrd;a;= f yelshdj jOkh lsu i`oyd foaY
ix; Yla;su;a lsf jeo.;alu ud kej; wjOdrKh l< hq;= fkdf' rg ;=<g .,d tk
uQ,H m%jdyh jOkh fuka rfgys ks, ix; 2016 cQks wjidkh jk g wefuldkq
fvd, ,shk 10 olajd je jkq we;ehs uu wfmalaId lr'

cd;Hka;r fj<|du
222.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg mj;sk wdkhk yd wmkhk md,k mk;" n,m;% ks;=;a

lsf l%shdj,shla muKla ksudKh lr we;' tu mK; ;=<ska .=Kd;aul ;;a;ajfhka
nd, NdKav Y%S ,xldjg f.kau md,kh lsug l%ufohlao fkdue;'

tuksid jvd

ldhlaIu wdkhk wmkhk moaO;shla iy foaYSh ludka; i|yd idOdrK;ajhla bgqfjk

40

;;a;ajhla Wodlr,Su i|yd kg mj;akd mk; fjkqjg kj kS;s moaO;shla ykajdug ud

fhdackd lrkjd'
223.

wmf.a cd;Hka;r fj<| m%;sm;a;s rduqj ilia lsu i|yd wka;cd;sl fj<| wdh;khla
ixia:d.; lsug rch ie<iq lr ;sfnkjd' tfukau wefuld tlai;a ckmoh" kh"
ol=Kq fldhdj" isx.mamQrej" iaf%,shdj" ol=Kq wm%sldj iy cmdkh jeks rgj,a iu
ksoyia fj<| .siqj,g t<ug we;s yelshdj uYkh lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'
tfukau hqfrdamd yjq,g tia mS ma,ia fhdackd l%uh hgf;a wmkhk m%jOkh lsug o
fhdackd lrkjd'

bv
224.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rcfha bv Nd;h Wmu lsu msKsi iy bvj,g wod< jxpksl
l%shd keje;au msKsi bv nexl=jla ykajd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
wh;a bvj, bf,lafg%dksl o;a; moaO;shls'
lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

th rchg

f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjka

fuu f;dr;=re bf,lafg%dksl o;a; moaO;shg udre lsu"

f;dr;=re ;dlaIK ksfhda;dh;kh iska iy;sl lrkq we;'

wkql%lj fuu o;a;

moaO;sh fm!oa.,sl bvj, jd;d ;nd .ekSug o mq,a l< yelsh'

ksjdi
225.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ieug fijKla ,ndug fuu rch ne isk nj ud fuys i`oyka
l< hq;=h'

ta i|yd Nd;hg fkd.;a iy W!K Wmfhda; rcfha bv ksjdi blsu

i|yd ksoyia lsug wm iska lghq;= lrkq ,nkjd'

226.

uqvqlal= ksjdi j, fjfik ck;dj k la .eyeg ud fyd`kau okakjd' cd;s" wd."

l=, iSud blaujk Tjqkaf.a .egj wdl yd foaYmd,k iSudo blaujd fi!LH" wOHdmk"
iudc ixjOkh muKla fkdj foaYmd,kh flfryso n,mE we;s lrkjd'

wm rf

mqrjeishka jk fuu ck;djf.a .eg if j.lSu wm fj; mej we;' ta wkqj Tjqka
i|yd rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYj, iyNd.S;ajh hgf;a ksjdi tall ,laIhla muK jir 5
la ;=< blsug ud fhdackd lrk w;r tys Tjqkaf.a jfkdamdh yd iudc
inkaO;djhkag n,mEula fkdjk m kej; mx lsf lghq;= isjk njg j.n,d
.kq ,ef'
227.

ue ugf rcfha yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ks,Odka i|yd ksjdi tall 150"000 la iy rdcH
wxYfha fcHIaG ks,Odkaa i|yd ksjdi tall 5"000 la o" fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iyh ,ndf.k
blr idOdrK ,lg ,ndug rch woyia lrkjd'

fld<U" hdmkh" uykqjr" ud;r"

uvl,mqj" mq;a;,u iy l=reKE., hk m%foaYhkays rcfha bvj, fuu ksjdi blrkq

we;' fuu ksjdi , .ekSu i|yd rcfha ks,Odkag Kh myiql i,ik w;r wod<
fm!oa.,sl wdfhdaclhskag wO n rdu ,ndfokq we;' fuu ksjdi tall jgd wfkl=;a
m%cd uQ,sl myiqlo blrkq we;'
228.

;jo .%dh m%cdjf.a jk ;;a;ajh k.d isgqu i|yd kj .%dh ksjdi fhdackd l%u
wdrN lsug o wm rch lghq;= lrkq we;' rch yd ksjeishd iska ksjfia jkdlu
yjqf,a orkq we;s w;r f i|yd rcfha odhl;ajh Wmu jYfhka tla ksjilg remsh,a
300"000$- l ^whr .; f.&' ksjfiys Wmu m%udKh wju jYfhka j. w 500 la

41

muK f'

tla ue;sjrK fldGdYhlg wju jYfhka ksjdi tall 1"000 la muK

blsug wfmalaId flf' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 4"500 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
229.

bv ixjOk wd{d mk; hgf;a iajKN+ yd chN+ ukd m;%o we;=j n,m;%,dNS
bvj, jir 10 lg wl ld,hla jdih lrk ,o mqoa.,hskag tu bvj, yslu ,ndu
i|yd wjYH kS;s imdokh lrkq ,ef'

fuh j;= wxYfha ksjdij, yd rch i;=

ksjdij, jir 10 lg wl ld,hla mxj is wh i|ydo wod< jkq we;'

230.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" O m<d;a md,k wdh;k foam< u; by< n whlrkq ,nk w;r
th n f.jkakd iQrd lEula f,i ie,lsh yelsh' m<d;a md,k wdh;k iska whlrkq
,nk n wkqmd; fj<| wdh;khkays jdIsl jkdlka ishhg 15 la fkdblauh hq;=
njg ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfukau j;udk jdIsl jkdlu ^Current Annual Rate)
remsh,a 500 fyda Bg wvq k tjeks foam," n whlsfuka ksoyia l< hq;= njg ud fhdackd
lrkjd'

231.

n,Yla;s b;s lsu ffOhu;a lsu i|yd ksjdi,dNSkag iQh n, Yla;shg udrejk
f,i ud wdhdpkh lrkjd' ta i|yd jk hou n .Kkh lsf n ksoyia lsu i|yd
iqiql ,nk houla f,i i,ld nef,kq we;'

232.

kg mj;akd ksjdi l=,S yd ksjdi foam, iSud lsj,g wod< kS;s j;udkhg
.e,fmk f,i iudf,dapkh lrkq we;'

233.

tfukau foaYslhka uy,a ksjdij, i|yd wdfhdackh lsf Tjqkaf.a wdfhdackfhka

ishhg 40 la foaYSh uqo,aj,ska nexl= u.ska ,nd.ekSug bvh hq;= njg fhdackd lrkjd'

bls
234.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh oYlh ;=< foaYSh bls ludka;fha ldhidOkh ms<sn|j
ud m%ixid lrkjd' fuu ludka;h foaYhka lrd f.khdug yels ;rug ka uqyql=rd
f.dia we;s w;r fuu ludka;h iu yjq,aug wm rch lem iskjd' tneka foaY
fj<|fmd,g msfik bls iud.j,g Y%S ,xldfjka neyerj Wmhk wdodh i|yd
kg mj;sk n ksoyi .gu ,ndug uu fhdackd lr' ;jo bls lghq;= i|yd Y%S
,xldjg mefKk kEu foaYSh iud.ula foaYSh fldka;%d;alrejl= iu yjq,a
jHdmdrhlg t,h yels fjkjd'

235.

l=vd yd uOH mudK fldka;%d;alrejka u;a lsug yd ieug idOdrK wjia:djla

,ndu i|yd bls ludka;fha wem wruqo,a n bj;a lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
fhda; cd;sl ksjdi ixjOk nexl=j bls ludka;hg iydh u i|yd jvd;a
flaka.;jQ l%shdld;ajhla ;=<ska wjYH wemlr ,ndug lghq;= lrkq we;'

236.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ksh; l,g Tjqkaf.a ys uqo,a tl;= lsf nrm;, .egjg
bls wxYh uqyqK iskjd' f ;;a;ajh Tjqkaf.a meje;au j, lsug wys;lr f,i
n,md ;sfnkjd'

ta wkqj Tjqkaf.a f. whlr .ekSu i|yd m%udKj;a wdjrKhla

,ndfok m f. iy;sl wdrlaIl mk;la y`kajd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

42

237.

je,s jeks f.dvke.s,s jH ys`.f .egj i|yd bls ludka;h ;ka uqyqK
iskjd' bls ludka;h i|yd fhdod.; yels m .eUqre uqyqfoa we;s je,s msis lsu
i|yd wjYH hka;% wdkhkh lsf mqoa.,sl wxYh u;a lsu i|yd tjeks
wdkhkhkaf.a hou iqiql ,enQ f.ula f,i ie,lSug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

238.

jdfka" ghs,a yd ikSmdrlaIl NdKav jeks f.dvke.s,s jH iemhqf mj;akd ysh by<
, ms<sn| .egjg iula f,i tajdfha wdkhk wdY%s; n my< oukq ,nkjd'

;jo

ghs,a" ms`.ka ue iy ikSmdrlaIl NdKav wdfhdack uKav,fha ksfYaO ,ehsia;=fjka bj;a

lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
bj;a lrkq ,ef'

fodUlr yd fldkal%S Y%K hka;% i|yd jQ wdkhk noao

bls ludka;fha Nd;d lrkq ,nk nr hkaf;%damlrK

wdkhkfha wod, jk jir 7 l ld, iSudj jir 10 la olajd > lrkq ,ef'
239.

jkdlu remsh,a ,shk 50 g jvd wvq rcfha fldka;%d;aj," l=vd yd uOH mudK
fldka;%d;alrejkaf.a uQ,H m%jdyh hqKq lsu i|yd Tjqka f.jkq ,nk jev wdrN
lsf w;a;sldru ishhg 30 olajd je lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

240.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f.dvke.s,s yd bls lafIa;%fha mqyqKq Y%lhska i|yd Yd,

b,aula mj;sk fyhska fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu m%dfhda.sl mqyqKqj i|yd jevigykla
ykajd ug o" udi foll mqyqKq ld,h ;=< rch u.ska mqyqKqjkakkag remsh,a 10"000$- l
udisl ukdjla ,ndug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

fika jev" jvq ludka;h" c,k,

ludka;h" ,s yd weksh jeoa jev i|yd udi ;=klg ;reKhska 7"500 la muK
mqyqKq lrkq we;ehs wfmalaId lrkjd' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 500 l uqo,la fjkalsug
ud fhdackd lrkjd'
ixpdrl ludka;h
241.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ixpdrl ludka;h wdlfha ma;su;a wxYhla f,i mj;skjd' 2015
jIfha m<uqfjks udi 10 ;=< ixpdrlhskaf.a meKSu ,shk 1'5 la muK jQ w;r th
2014 jif wod< ld,mfofha meKSu fuka ishhg 18 l jOkhls' flfia fj;;a
ludka;h hqKq lsf wms m%udKj;a m ixpdrl wxYh ;=< Y%S ,xld kduh m%p,s;
lsug lghq;= lr fkdue;s nj lK.dgqfjka jqjo lsj hq;=h'

242.

f inkaOfhka miq.sh jir lsysmh ;=< fkdfhla m%pdrl mdG w;ayod n,d we;;a ta
lsisjla is;a ;=< ldjeug ;r m%shckl keye' l,dmfha mj;sk ;r`.ld;ajh hgf;a
wm rg jvd;a m%shlrk .ukdka;hla f,i m%lg ug k f,dalhg Y%S ,xld kduh
f.khdu w;sYhska jeo.;a jkjd' tneka Y%S ,xld ixpdrl m%jOk ldhdxYh iska
fYaIfhka wE; fmr. rgj, kj fj<|fmd,j,a fidhd .ekSu i|yd wdlYKSh m%pdrK
jevigyka h;a l< hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'

243.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" mqyqKq Y%lhskaf.a ie,lsh hq;= yshg fuu lafIa;%h uqyqK
iskjd' tneka wd.ka;=l i;aldr lafIa;%hg inkaO ug Wkkajla olajk ;reK
;reKshkag wjYH mqyqKqj ,ndug fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lrkq
,nkjd'

tfiau mqyqKqjkakka i|yd udi ;=kl mqyqKq mdGdud,djla fjkqfjka Wmu

remsh,a 15"000 lg hg;aj mdGud,d .dia;=fjka ishhg 50 la rch u.ska ug fhdackd

43

lrkjd' iEu ld;=jlu wju jYfhka ;reK ;reKshka 3000 la mqyqKq lsug b,lal
flf' tu ldhh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 100 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
244.

;ukaf.a hoka mqyqKq mdi,a wdrN lsug Wkkajla olajk fm!oa.,sl wxYfha
fydag,a .ekaf woyiska ksmqK;d ixjOkh i|yd ykajd we;s ;s%;aj n wvq lsug
wkql+,j n iyk ,ndug fhdackd lrkjd'

245.

/ia" .eka" idlPd iy m%oYk fjk;a hlska meye,s lrkafka k ^MICE)

inkaO ixpdrl lghq;= u;a lsu i|yd nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r iuka;%K Yd,dj,
fkfmdl=K ry, iy kj k.r Yd,dfjka iuka; MICE ;%sfldaKhla ia:dms; lsug
wjYH h;, myiql we;s lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

kj k.r Yd,dj wi, ishu

myiqlj,ska iuka; if,k Yd,djla blrkq ,nkjd'

fuh wju jYfhka wdik

7000 lska iuka; jkq we;s w;r fm!oa.,sl wxYfhys iyNd.s;ajfhka blrkq ,nkjd'
MICE l%shdldrlj, ksr;u i|yd fYaIfhka ia:dms; lrkq ,nk iud.j,g jir
foll ld,hla i|yd ishhg 50 l n rdu jir 5 la i|yd ,ndfokq ,nkjd' tfiau tu
ldhh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 3000 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
246.

ixpdrlhka Y%S ,xldj ;=, ho lsu .ekau i|yd wm rg" fuu l,dmh ;=< idmamq
ijd mdrdihla ^Shopping Paradise) lsu i|yd o we" im;a;=" bf,lafg%dksl iy
,s WmlrK yd wfkl=;a Wmdx. i|yd o jk n ixfYdaOkh lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

247.

uqo,a yqjudrelrkakka ( foaY uqo,a yqjudre lsf jHdmdrh Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f n,m;%
.dia;=jlg yd udf.damfoaYj,g hg;aj ,sys,a lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

248.

ixialD;sl" wd.l" mdil iy ffjoH ixpdrlhska wdlYkh lr .ekSu i|yd Y%S

,xldjg Yd, Njhla we;'

ixialD;sl ;%sfldaKh" kef.kysr uqyq fjr<" kqjrt<sh"

n,a, iy Wvrg ykd.;a ia:dkhka ixpdrl wdlYkhka f,i mj;kh lsug wjYH
mshjr .kq ,ef' fnkaf;dg" foaoaj" iai" fld<U fldgqj m%foaYh ixpdrl l,dm f,i
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha iyNd.s;ajh we;sj ixjOkh lsu i|yd fYaI wjOdkhla fhduq
lrkq ,ef'

;jo" .d,q fldgqj tys fm!rdKsl wisrsh /flk whqrska ixrlaIKh lrk

w;r .d,q mqrjrh cd;sl Wreuhla f,i ixjOkh lrkq ,ef'

fuu ldhh i`oyd

remsh,a ,shk 500 l uqo,la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

249.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ffjoH" fi!LH wdrlaIl ixpdrl jHdmdrhg"

fYaIfhka wmf.a

mdrml ffjoH mphkag" cd;Hka;r wjOdkh fhduq lr .ekSf yelshdj we;' tfia
jqjo" by< m%;sfhka hq;=j th mj;ajdf.k hdu b;d jeo.;a jk w;r rf m%;srEmhg
ydkshla jk wksis yd kqiqiq Nd;hkag bv fkdh hq;=h' tneka fuu lafIa;%h
kshduKh lsu i|yd b;d blaukska kS;s imdokh l< hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'
250.

rch i;= ksjdvq ksfla;k iy ixpdrl nx.,dj, j, l<ukdlrKh iy kv;a;=j ksid

tajdfha mj;akd .rd jegqkq ;;a;ajh ie,ls,a,g f.k f ishu tall l<ukdlrK
iud.ula hg;g f.k taug fhdackd lrkjd' wod, ish

mdYjlrejka fuys

yjq,alrejka jk w;r h yels ,lg kjd;eka myiql ,ndug fuu wdh;k

44

jehqKq lsu i|yd fuu iud.u" jD;a;slhka iska mj;ajdf.k hd hq;= hehs ud fhdackd
lrkjd'
251.

rdcH fm!oa.,sl iyNd.s;ajh hgf;a md,sfka;=j wi, m%oYk uOHia:dkhla blsug

o woyia lrkjd'

252.

miq.d m%foaYhka ys f;aud WoHdk we;s lsu .kajk w;r f i`oyd rcfha bv ,nd
ug;a jir 10 ld,hla i`oyd wO n rduhla ,nd ug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'
fkdaod;aul lghq;= yd ixpdrl jHdmdrh mq,a u ksid fuu`.ska tu m%foaYj, wdl
lghq;= jOkh ug o bv ie,fikjd'

253.

rfgys l%shd;aul jk fydag,a w;=ka ishhg 60 la muK ,shdmx fkdue;s nj ud

okakjd' f ;;a;ajh jhsfka wd.ka;=l i;aldr ludka;fha kshu .=Kd;aul Ndjh
mj;ajdf.k hdu inkaOfhka fndfyda .eg we;s lsug fya;= ;sfnkjd' tneka 2016
cqks 01 k isg ishu fydag,a" ixpdrl ixjOk wldh hgf;a ,shdmx u wksjdh
lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfia ,shdmx fkdjk fydag,a inkaOfhka l%shdud.
.ekSug ixpdrl ixjOk wldh l%shd l< hq;=hs'

254.

jdKsc uKav, ixioh (Federation of Chambers) hgf;a ,shdmx we;s" fydag,a jdKsc
uKav,h u`.ska md,kh lrkq ,nk ;re mka;s j.SlrKh fhdod .ekSug fydag,a
jHdmdlhka Wkka lsug ud leu;shs'

255.

rej,a ke ^Yatch)" .e,a r: (Caravan Carriages), r<u; mk l%Svd WmlrK ^Surfing

Equipment)" f. fndagq ^Speed Boats) iy l=vd ixpdrl fndagq wdfhys wdkhk n
bj;a lsug ud fhdackd lr'

nexl= iy uQ,H
fld<U cd;Hka;r uQ,H uOHia:dkh (CIFC)
256.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldj ;=< uQ,H uOHia:dkhla msysgqu ms<sn`oj jir .Kkdjla
mqrd wm mqridr fovqjo fuf;la tjekakla we;s lr ke;' iuia; f,dal ck.yKfhka
y;frka tlla muK fjfik idla l,dmh ;=< wfma N+f.da,Sh msysu tjeks
uOHia:dkhla msysgqu i`oyd wmg bvlv yd wjldY i,id ;sfnkjd' wdl ixjOkh
i`oyd wjYH n,h yd Yla;sh iemhSf yelshdjla uQ,H uOHia:dk i;=f' ta i`oyd wmf.a
mdYjfhka fYaIs; fN!;sl yd g,a h;, myiql" udkj m%d.aOkh" wjYH kS;suh
yd kshduk myiql ie,iSu wksjdhfhkau l< hq;= fjkjd' fyd`o m%;sM, f.k h yels
lghq;= i`oyd uqo,a wfhdackh l< hq;=h hkak uf.a Yajdihhs' f ;;a;ajh hgf;a wm
fld<U cd;Hka;r uQ,H uOHia:dkh ia:dms; lrkjd'

257.

fuu fYaIs; l,dmh vqndhsj, msys cd;Hka;r uQ,H uOHia:dkhg iy f,dalh mqrd
we;s wfkl=;a tjeks uOHia:dkj,g fkdfofjks whqka f.dvkef.kq we;' th
'wd'fjOk udj; imfha j. w 300"000 l m%udKh ;=< f.dvkef.kq we;'
uQ,H wxYfha kshduk wjYH;djhkag wkql+, jk m blaukska yd idOdrK

whqka

fj<| wdrjq,a iu i|yd jk jdksc wlrKhlskao fuu uOHia:dkh iuka; jkq we;'
fuu jeo.;a mshjr miq.sh rcfha l=m%lgleisfkda fhdackdj fuka fkdj je /lshd
wjia:djka we;s lrkq ,nk Yla;su;a jHdmdr wdh;khla jkq we;' fuu uOHia:dkfha
45

fldgialrejka jk f,ig Y%S ,xldj ;=, l%shd;aul foaYSh iy cd;Hka;r nexl= fj; wm
wdrdOkh lr iskjd' fuh 2016 wfm%a,a 1 k isg l%shd;aul ug ksh;h'
jdKsc nexl=lrKh
258.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iu ,shdmx jQ nexl= 32 la iy uQ,H iud.

48 la ;sfnkjd' Y%S ,xldf nexl= ;sria f,i mq,a we;s w;r ta fya;=fjka fuu wxYh
ie,lsh hq;= f,i jHdma; we;'

wo jk g wmf.a nexl= tat ^ATM)" B-nexl= (e-

Banking) iy wfkl=;a kk myiql

;u mdfNda.slhskaf.a fodrlvgu f.kf.dia

;sfnkjd' nexl= lafIa;%fha we;s we;s fuu jHdma;sh ms,sn|j uf.a iqnme;= mskukjd' ta
iu`.u wem u; mok jQ Kh ,nd ug muKla wmf.a nexl= iSud we;s njo zzjHdmdl
ud,shZZ mok lr .;a Kh iemhSug miqng we;s nj o fkdlshd neh' fuh iq yd
uOH mudK jHdmdl lafIa;%fha jOkhg;a" kj jHdmdr werf ixialD;shla ysug;a
ndOdjla ;sfnkjd'

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a nexl= lafIa;%h ;ju;a Yd, nexl= lsysmhlg yd l=vd
nexl= lsysmhlg iSud ;sfnkjd' tneka Yla;su;a fYaIm;%hla ,nd.ekSu" foaYSh
iy foaYSh fj<|m, ;=< jvd mq,a ;;a;ajhla iy by< ugul fY%aKs.; u
i|yd fuu nexl= iafPdfjka taldnoaOu i|yd Wkka lrkjd' tu ldhh l<
hq;af;a isk fiajl fialdjkaf.a /lshd iqrlaIs;Njh ;yjqre lrk wdldrhg
njo ud wjOdrKh lrkjd'

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ksjdi ixjOk uQ,H iud. nexl=j ^HDFC Bank) iy

rdcH Wlia yd wdfhdack nexl=j jvd Yd, f,i Yla;su;a jQ cd;sl ksjdi
nexl=j f,i taldnoaO lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

tfiau ,xld mq;% nexl=j

^LDB) iy m%dfoaYSh ixjOk nexl=j (RDB) ,xld jHjidh ixjOk nexl=j f,i
taldnoaO lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

tfukau Y%S ,xld b;s lsf nexl=j"

cd;sl b;s lsf nexl=j iu taldnoaO lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

kg ke.=u nexl=j i;=j ;ekam;= jYfhka remsh,a ,shk 59 la

muK

;sfnkjd' fu;r Yd, uqo,la l<ukdlrKh lsu i|yd tu nexl=jg yelshdjla

ke;' fuu nexl=f fldgialrejka wmf.a iudcfha isk Ialr;djhkaf.ka
jefhkau fmf<k wh neka fuu wruqo, wdrlaId lsu wm fj; mej we;s
j.lSuls' tneka" ke.=u nexl=f wruqo,a jD;a;Sh l<ukdlrKh ;=,ska wdrlaId
lsf wruqKska cd;sl b;s lsf nexl=j iu inkaO lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
259.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ishu n,m;%,dNS nexl= m%Odk nexl= lghq;= flfrys

jvd je

wjOdkhla fhduql< hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd' flfia fj;;a" nexl= l,an jHdmdrh
fj; fhduq u ksid ish m%Odk ldh Ndrfhka fjk;lg fhduq ;sfnkjd' tneka
wod< nexl= 2016 cqks 1 jk k isg l,an jHdmdrfha fhu k;r l< hq;= fjkjd'
260.

wo nexl= iuyr lafIa;%j,g Kh ,ndug ue,snjla olajkjd'

th tu lafIa;%j,

jOkh iSud lsug fya;= ;sfnkjd' fuu miqu hgf;a ishu nexl= ;ukaf.a uq Kh
m%udKfhka wju jYfhka ishhg 10 la lDIsluhgo" ishhg 5 la iq yd uOH mudK
jHdmdr wxYhg ;j;a ishhg 5la ;reKhska iy ldka;djka fjkqfjka o fjkal< hq;= njg
ud fhdackd lrkjd' cd;Hka;r r;%ka , fYaIfhka Yd, jYfhka r;%ka Wlig .kakd
foaYSh nexl= flfrys n,mEula we;s lrk fyhska iEu nexl=jlau ;ukaf.a uq Kh
46

m%udKfhka r;%ka W.ia Kh ishhg 5 lg iSud lrk f,ig b,a,d iskjd'

fldgia

fj<|fmdf,ys lghq;=j, ksr; ish .kqfokq lrejkag Kh myiql jelsu i|ydo ud

nexl= u;a lrkjd'
261.

Wlia ;erlrejka i|yd jk ,shdmx lsf .dia;=j remsh,a 25"000 olajd jel< yels
whqka Wlia ;erlrejkaf.a wd{d mk; ^Pawnbrokers Ordinance) ixfYdaOkh lsug
fhdackd lrkjd'

262.

rf uQ,H l%umoaO;sh ixjOkh lsf rcfha Wmdh ud.fha fldgila f,i rf

ishu f. yd msh inkaOfhka ;SrK .ekSf j.lSu ork wdh;khla jk cd;sl
f. iNdj kej; ia:dms; lr we;' fuh fld<U uQ,H uOHia:dkh msysgqf lghq;a; o
myiq lrjkq we;'

263.

m%udKj;a ;r uqo,la .sKqj, fkdue;sj fplam;a ksl=;a lsu iy Yd, f,i fplam;a
w.reu nexl= lafIa;%fha Yd, .egjla njg m;a ;sfnkjd' tfiau fuh jxpdld f,i
jHdmdr lsu i|yd o fhdod .kq ,ef' YajdikSh jHdmdr ixialD;shla we;s lsu i`oyd
iy mdfNda.slhka wdrlaId lsu i`oyd fplam;a w.ref wjia:d idmrd jroj,a f,i
i,ld tjeks jroj,aj,g tfrysj ;on, kS;suh l%shdud. .ekSug fhdackd lrkjd'

264.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" nexl= folla yer wfkl=;a foaYSh nexl= ;u jHdmdl lghq;=
cd;Hka;r jYfhka mq,a lr keye' kuq;a ta i|yd we;s wjia:d b;d by<hs' wmf.a foaYSh
nexl=j,g tu wjia:d fidhd .ekSug wjia:dj we;s njg ud Yajdi lrkjd' tneka kg
mj;sk n .eka m%fhdackhg .kska ;u nexl=j, jHdmdl lghq;= cd;Hka;rh
olajd mq,a lsu ffOhu;a lrkjd'

265.

;u jHdmdr lghq;= mq,a lsu i|yd ;ukaf.a fYaIm;%hka ^Balance Sheet) mok
lrf.k foaY wdh;kj,ska Kh .ekS flfrys foaYSh iud. ;jrg;a

ffOhu;a

lrkjd' fuu Khj, fmd,S wkqmd;hka fj<|mf,a mj;sk ;r.ld wkqmd;hkaj,g mq,a
jYfhka wkqrEm h hq;=h' tjeks wjia:dj, ish yels foaYSh ksuh wkqmd;
fjkiaf wjodku wod< Kh ,nd .kakd iud. iska ord .; hq;=f' fmd,S f.
f,i foaY fj; hjkq ,nk uqo,a ta ms<sn`oj ish yels jxpd wju lsu i|yd Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j iska wlaIKh lrkq we;'
266.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" nexl= ;ukaf.a wlafjr< jHdmdr lghq;= (Offshore Banking) rfgka
msg;g jHdma; lr foaY ksuh Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f ;ekam;= lsu ffOhu;a lsug
leue;shs' fuu.ska ks, ix; Yla;su;a jkjd fukau nexl=j,g ;u jHdmdl lghq;=
i|yd je jYfhka foaYSh wruqo,a fhdod .ekSugo yels jkq we;'

267.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wfkajdislhska i|yd jk rcfha iq/l=m;a iSudj NdKavd.dr ,am;a

iy nelr jYfhka ksl=;alr we;s uq m%udKfhka ishhg 12'5 isg ishhg 10 la olajd
ixfYdaOkh

lsug

ud

fhdackd

lrkjd'

fuu.ska

foaYSh

wdfhdaclhskag

rcfha

iqrl=m;aj, wdfhdackh i|yd je bvm%ia:djla ie,fik w;r uE; ld,Skj is jQ f,i

wfkajdislhska iska Tjqkaf.a wdfhdack yisfha wdmiq .ekSu fya;=fjka foaY ksuh
wkqmd;hg ish yels wys;lr n,mEu iy ix; wvqf wjodku wvq jkq we;'
47

268.

wm b;d kk uqo,a l<ukdlrK l%uhla fj; .uka lrka iskjd' wdrlaIs; fya;= u;
uqo,a m%jdykh wffOhu;a lsu i`oyd uqo,a wdmiq ,nd.ekSf my; i`oyka .dia;=
mekug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

269.

I.

remsh,a ,shk 1 lg jvd wvq : wh lsula ke;

II.

remsh,a ,shk 1 la iy remsh,a ,shk 10 la w;r : ishhg 2 la

III.

remsh,a ,shk 10 g jvd je : ishhg 3 la

nexl= wKlr i`oyd wh lrk .dia;=j tla wKlrhlg re' 150 la fkdblau h hq;= njgo
ud fhdackd lrkjd'

270.

tu ldrKhg wod,ju jegqma f. ldhh i`oyd ;u ishu fiajlhskag nexl= .sKqula

jD; lrk f,i Wmfoia fokakehs ud ishu fiajd fhdaclhskag fhdackd lrkjd'

271.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ish jHjia:dms; f. ms<sn`oj miq mr lsf myiqj i`oyd

ishu iud. iska iDcq yr ls lghq;= i`oyd ta i|ydu fjkajQ nexl= .sKqula
^Dedicated Bank Account) mj;ajdf.k hd hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'

272.

jdyk fjkqfjka l,an myiql ,nd.ekSu i|yd wjYH jk ;lafiare iy;sl i|yd
whlrkq ,nk .dia;= 2016 ckjd 01 k isg l%shd;aul jk m ixfYdaOkh lrkq
,nkjd' ta wkqj fudag nhsisl,a iy ;%S,a fjkqfjka whlrkq ,nk .dia;= remsh,a 2"500
la o jk w;r" fudag ld r: we;= wfkl=;a ishu jdyk fjkqfjka whlrkq ,nk
.dia;=j remsh,a 15"000 la h hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'

273.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kd.l m%foaYj, muK blaujd nexl= YdLd msysgqjd we;s njo uQ,H
myiql i`oyd msiSug we;s bvlv iSud lrka .%dh m%foaYj, nexl= lghq;= i`oyd wvq
myiql we;s njo Tn ms<s.kakjd we;s' ta whqka we;sjk wiu;=,s;;djh i`u i|yd
wdl l%shdldrl je lrk w;ru ishu nexl= ishhg 15 lska ;u YdLdcd,h miq.d
m%foaY olajd jHdma; l<hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'

fuu YdLdjl wju jYfhka

fiajlhska 6 fofkl=j;a ish hq;= jkjd'

274.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" uQ,H wxYfha jOkh i|yd uQ,H myiql fj; myiqfjka m%fY
u i`oyd wjodk mok lr.;a , u; Kh u" uQ,H kh jehqKq lsu iy uQ,H
wdh;k w;r ;r`.ld;ajh we;s lsu i|yd Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYj, l%shdld;ajh b;d
jeo.;aa jkjd' kgu;a furg Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYhla ^CRIB) rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl
wxYj, iyNd.s;ajfhka l%shd;aul jkjd'

flfia jqj;a" uQ,H lafIa;%fha jOkh

ie,ls,a,g f.k fm!oa.,sl Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYh Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iu

we;slsug fm!oa.,sl wxYh Wkka lrjkjd' fuys mdYjlrejka f,i Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=j" fiau uQ,H wdh;k" rlaIK iud." myiql imhkakka wd O lafIa;%hkaf.ka
ie,;a wdh;k iyNd.s jkq we;'

f i|yd wjYH kS;s ;s ixfYdaOkh lsug ud

fhdackd lrkjd' tfiau" rlaIK jHdmdrh i`oyd o fm!oa.,sl Kh f;dr;=re ldhdxYhla

weru ud u;a lrkjd'

48

275.

ta iuu" jdKsc nexl=j, mj;sk wl%sh .sKqj, we;s uqo,a 2016 ckjd 1 k jk g
taldnoaO wruqo,g ner l< hq;=hehs fhdackd lrkjd'

uQ,H iud.
276.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh oYlh ;=< uQ,H wdh;k rdYshla wnqohg ,lajQ nj Tn;=udg
u;l we;ehs is;kjd' fuu wnqofha m%;sM, iudcfha iEu flfkl=gu kqKq w;r wmf.a
uQ,H lafIa;%fha ia:djr;ajhg o th ydkslr jqkd' ;ekam;alrejka lK.dgqodhl f,i
msgqolskq ,enqjd' fuys Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j ish wlaIK ldhh bgq lsug wfmdfydi;a
we;af;a hq. .Kkla mqrd mej;s iajdk;ajh foaYmd,kSlrKh u; lem lsug isu ksidh'

277.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" uQ,H iud. wjodk ;;a;ajhl mej;s w;r Tn;=udo okakd m
f.da,avkalS ;ekam;alrejkag iyk ie,iSu i|yd rchg Yd, jeh nrla ug isjqkd' fuu
.egjg >ld,Sk iula jYfhka wefuld tlai;a ckmofha we;s Revolution Trust
Corporation yd iudk uQ,H wdh;k m%;sjHqy.; lsf wdh;khla (Financial Intitutions
Restucturing Agency - FIRA) kqre wkd.;fha

ia:dms; lrkq ,ef' tu.ska wnqohg

,lajk uQ,Hdh;k m%;sm%d.aOkSlrKhg iydh f iy tajdfha wnqohg ,la we;s j;al

Ndrf.k tu wdh;k m%;sjHqy.; lsf wruqKska lghq;= lrkq we;' ;ekam;= fmd,sh iy
Kh fmd,S w;r w;sYd, fjki uQ,H lafIa;%fha wldhlaIu;djh fmkakq lrhs' fuh Y%S
,xldf jHdmdr m%cdjg iy jHdmdr lafIa;%hg ug isjk w;rue hou jeug
fya;=jla ;sfnkjd' uQ,H wdh;k m%;sjHqy.; lrk wdh;kh ^ FIRA) fj; rch iska uQ,sl
m%d.aOkh jYfhka remsh,a ,shk 10 lao jir 5 lska l,a msfrk remsh,a ,shk 25 la jkd
NdKavd.dr nelr o ,nd fokq we;' fuf,i m%;sjHqy.; lrk ,o uQ,Hdh;k Y%S ,xld uy
nexl=f wlaIKhg hg;a lrkq ,ef'

flfia jqjo f i|yd m%fYhla jYfhka

;ekam;alrejkag wdrlaIdj iy iykhla ,nd ug Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iska ishhg ishhl
^100 %) wemlrhla ishu ,shdmx uQ,H wdh;kj, ;ekam;alrejka i|yd 2016 ckjd ui
w. Nd.fha ,ndfokq we;'
278.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" nexl= fkdjk lafIa;%h ;=< wkjYH f,i ;ekam;= flak .;u
je,elau i|yd uQ,H wdh;k iska f.jkq ,nk fmd,S wkqmd;hka i|yd Wmu iSudjla
mekug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

;jo" uQ,H wdh;k iska ,nd fok Khld m;a ^Credit

Cards) iy fjk;a fm!oa.,sl Kh fjkqfjka whlrkq ,nk by< fmd,S wkqmd;hka iy ov

uqo,a ksid wmyiqjg m;ajk uyckhd wdrlaId lsug o lghq;= lrkq we;' f i|yd Y%S ,xld
uy nexl=j" Y%S ,xldf l%shd;aul wfkl=;a nexl= yd taldnoaOj ,ndfok Kh WmfoaYl fiajd
jvd;a mq,a lrkq we;' je YajdYhlska hq;a mqoa.,hkag uQ,H wdh;kh iska by< fmd<S
iys;j Yd, Kh ,nd u iSud lsug Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j iska Wmfoia ksl=;a lrkq we;ehs
ud n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'
fcHIaG mqrjeishkaf.a ia:djr ;ekam;=
279.

jhi wjqre 60 g je fcHIaG mqrjeishka i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1 olajd ;ekam;= fjkqfjka
ishhg 15 fmd,S wkqmd;hla kg;a ,nd fokjd' bhg fuu iykh ,nk jhia iSudj wjqre
60 isg 55 olajd wvq lsug ;ekam;= uqo, remsh,a ,shk 1'5 olajd je lsug;a ud fhdackd
lrkjd' fuu myiqlu imhk n,m;%,dNS uQ,H iud. yryd ,nd fokq we;s w;r ishhg
1'5 l fmd<S iykdOdrhla rch u.ska ,nd fokq we;s' f i`oyd remsh,a ,shk 1"500 l uqo,la
49

fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu ;ekam;= i`oyd Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f wdrlaIdj ,efnk
fyhska ;ekam;alrejkaf.a Yajdih je jk nj ud i`oyka lsug leu;shs'
b;=re ixialD;shla ksudKh lsu
280.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rf cd;sl b;=re jehqKq lsf jeo.;alu wjOdrKh lrk w;r
rg;=, b;=re ixialD;shla ksudKh lsu jvd jeo.;a fjkjd'

fuu miqu ;=< ishu

nexl=j,ska ud b,a,d iskafka mdie,aj,g we;=,;ajk ish <uqka i|yd jIhlg remsh,a 250
l wjuhlg hg;aj <ud b;s lsf .sKq jD; lrk f,ihs' fuu rdcH m%;sm;a;sh i|yd
nexl=lrejkaf.a wdh;kh ish iyfhda.h m<lr we;s w;r nexl= lafIa;%fha ieufokdu fmrg
meK fuu w.kd ldhhg iydh fok f,i wod< nexl= Wkka lrjkjd' fuh 2016 ckjd
ui 1 jk k isg l%shd;aul jkq we;'
wdl jOkh W;af;ackh lsu i|yd m%d.aOk fj<|fmd,
281.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldf m%d.aOk fj<|fmd, ;ju;a w; fkd.eiQ im;la f,i
mj;skjd'

jHdmdr lghq;=j, mq,au iy jOkh i|yd b;du;a wjYH jk wvq ho

.=ld,Sk uQ,H myiql ixjOkh jQ m%d.aOk fj<|m, iska jHdmdr fj; imhkq ,nhs'
wmf.a m%d.aOk fj<|m, iS; ;dlaIK Nd;h yd hymd,kfha m%udKj;a Kqovq
fkdue;su fya;=fjka ndOdjka uOHfha l%shd;aul fjkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn;=ud
ksielju okakd m iq/l=m;a yd ksuh fldIka iNdj miq.sh jir 10 l ld,h ;=,
mSvdjlg ,laj ;snQ w;r thg fya;=j jQfha fldgia fj<|m, yd inkaO jkakkag
jHdmdl kh ms<sn`oj yeSula we;slsug fkdyels uhs' wmf.a rch fuu ;;a;ajh md,kh
lsu .ek uis,su;ah' ud Yajdi lrk m wdfhdack m%cdfjys wfmalaIdjka miq.sh udi
lsysmh ;=< ksielju jOkh ;sfnkjd' f miqu ;=< hymd,kh yd m%;sixialrKj,g
rch lem isk ;;a;ajhla hgf;a m%d.aOk fj<|mf,ys m%;sixialrK o y`kajd fokq we;'
282.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fld<U fldgia fj<|m, f olajd idudlhkag muKla wh;a

tallhla jk w;r th ,dN wfmalaIdfjka mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk wdh;khla fkdf'
f,dalfha id:lj we;s fldgia yqjudre foi ne,Sf tajd widuQysl ;;a;ajhka hgf;a
l%shd;aul jk nj olakg ,efnkjd'

283.

f wdldrfhka widuQyslj lghq;= lsu jeo.;a jkafka uQ,H uey;alrejka ;Dma;su;a lsu
fjkqjg fj,|fmd, iyNd.s jkakkaf.a .egj,g wjOdkh fhduq lsu ksidfjks' ;jo
fuu.ska by< ugf ksoNdjhla mj;ajdf.k hdu i`oyd ;dlaAIKh Nd;d lsu iy;sl
lrkq ,nkjd' tfiau rch fldgia fjf<`om,ys

hym; fjkqfjka kso Ndjfhka l%shd

lrk idOdrK yd ldhlaIu mirhla we;slsug lem we;s fyhska 2016 jIh ;=<
fld<U fldgia fj<|m, widuQysl lsf l%shdj,sh wjika lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
284.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fuu rch fldgia fj<|fmd, ldhlaIuj yd M,odhSj l%shd;aul

lrug iqiq mirhla we;slsug lem iskjd' fldgia fj<|fmdf,ys jOkh myiq
lrug wjYH m%Odk;u wx.hla jkafka iqiq kshduk rduqjla mej;Suhs' tfiau fj<|fmdf,a
mj;akd kshduk j,;djhka wduka;%Kh lsu i|yd fldgia yd ksuh mk; ixfYdaOkh
lsug o fhdackd lrkjd'

50

285.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jHdmdr lghq;= mq,a lsu m%jOkh lsu iy tajd id:l f >
ld,Skj wvq ho m%d.aOkh ,ndu jeo.;a fjkjd' 2012 jIhg idfmalaIj 2014 jIfha Y%S
,xldf ixhqla; Kh iq/l= fj<|m, remsh,a ,shk 50 la olajd jOkhla fmkakq
lrka ldhlaIuj lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd' fuh is .=Khl jOkhls' tfiau ixhqla; Kh
iq/l= fj<|fmdf,ys jHdma;sh myiq lr,Su i|yd 2016 jIfha tys lghq;=j,g wod<
wdodh n iy r|jd .ekS n bj;a lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

286.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rcfha iq/l=m;a wf, lsu i|yd wf, jHqyhla ^Trading Platform)
wm i;=j fkdue;'

tneka" Kh yqjudrej f,iska ykajk ixia:d.; Kh iq/l=

^Corporate Debt Security)

we;=j wfkl=;a Kh WmlrK olajd rcfha .kqfokq jHdma;

lsug yels nelr ksYaldIk wdh;khla msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

nexl=j iska fuu nelr ksYaldIk wdh;kh msysgqjkq ,nkjd'

Y%S ,xld uy

nelr ksYaldIk

wdh;kh imQKfhka l%shd;aul ;;a;ajhg m;ajQ miq iajdk wOHlaI uKav,hl md,khg
hg;a lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd' Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f wlaIKh hgf;a wf,ys jHqyhla
msysgqu i|yd rcfha taldnoaO wruqo,ska remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd
lrkjd'
287.

f w;ru" my; je we;s fldgia .kqfokq by< kxjka fldgia fj<|fmdf,a .kqfokq
u;a lsu i|yd fldgia .kqfokqjla i|yd .ekqlrejkaf.ka iy l=Kqlrejkaf.a
whlrkq ,nk ishhg 0'3 la jk fldgia .kqfokq noao bj;a lrkq ,ef' g wu;rj" fldgia
iy;sl u; mkjk uqoaor noaoo bj;a lrkq we;s'

288.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fldgia fj<|mf,a wia:djr;ajhka fya;=fjka fldgia ;e/lrejkag

ie,lsh hq;= ;r wnqoj,g uqyqKmEug is ;sfnkjd'

m%d.aOk fj<|fmdf,a .=ld,Sk

hqKqj ;yjqre lsu i|yd fldgia ;e/lrejka Tjqka iskau ia:djr u w;sYhska jeo.;a
jk nj fmfka' ta wkqj" fldgia ;e/lrejkaf.a Od;dj yd yelshdj Yla;su;a lr .ekSu
i|yd Tjqka taldnoaO u i`oyd Wkka lrkjd'
289.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jdKsc yd uQ,H fj<|m, ldhlaIuj l%shd;aul u ;yjqre u i|yd

o;a;j, ksrjoH;dj jeo.;a fjkjd' f;dr;=rej, YajYkSh;ajh ;yjqre lsu i|yd .Kk
yd .sKqlrK m%; Yd, ldhNdrhla bgqlrkjd' ,ehsia;=.; yd ,ehsia;=.; fkdl< rfgys
ishu jHdmdl wdh;k Nd;d lrkq ,nk Y%S ,xld .Kk yd .sKqlrK m%;Ska ilia
lrkq ,nk Y%S ,xld .Kk yd .sKqlrK m%;s wlaIK uKav,h Yla;su;a l< hq;=j
;sfnkjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" ;dlaIKsl yd uQ,H im;a m%udKj;a fkdu fya;=fjka fuu
wdh;kfha lghq;=j,g ndOd meK we;'

miq.sh rchka fuu wdh;kfha wjYH;djhka

fkdi,ld yer ;sfnkjd' fuu wdh;kfha ldhNdrh iy Ihm:h mq,alsu i|yd wod,
mk; iudf,dapkh lr wjYH ixfYdaOk is lsug wm iska

lghq;= lrkq we;' ta wkqj

fuu wdh;kh Yla;su;a lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 100 fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
290.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" foam, fj<|du iy h;, myiql ixjOkh i|yd m%d.aOkh

iemhSug iy l=vd wdfhdaclhskag foam, fj<|d lafIa;%fha jOkfhys m%;s,dN iDcqj ,nd
.ekSug yelsjk m" ,ehsia;=.; foam, fj<od Ndrhka (Real Estate Trusts) msysgqug ud
fhdackd lrkjd' foam," j;al fuu Ndrhg udre lsf uqoaor noafoka ksoyia lrkq ,nk
w;r tys w.h fuka wju jYfhka ishhg 90 la jHdmdrfha tall yslrejkag ,nd fokq we;'
51

291.

;jo" ck.yk ldYfha fjkia u;a iu`. zzWlia wdmiq yeruZZ ^Reverse Mortgages)
ms<sn`oj i,ld ne,Su iqiqh'

292.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldj iska fuf;la fhdod .kq ,enqf wefuldkq fvd, u.ska
ksl=;a l< nelr muKs' f ms<sn|j b mshjrla jYfhka k hqjdka iy iql=la nelro
we;= idm%odhsl fkdjk nelr ms<sn|j uYkh l< hq;=h' tu.ska Kh .ekSf hou
wvq lr .; yelsjkq we;'

293.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fldgia fj<|fmdf,ys mj;akd fr.=,disj,g wkq.;f fkdyelshdj

ksid l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidhlhskag fldgia fj<|fmdf,ys ,ehsia;= .;u wmyiq
;sfnkjd' tneka th iq yd uOH mudK wxYhg .=ld,Sk yd idfmalaI jYfhka msjeh
wvq uQ,H myiql ,nd .ekSug ndOdjlaj mj;S' tu ndOd bj;a lsug fld<U fldgia
fj<`omf,a kj iq yd uOH mudK ljqjla msysgqug fhdackd lrkjd' tys tu wxYh"
fldgia fj<|fmdf,ys wjYH;djhka i|yd j wkql+, f wjYH;djfhka ksoyia flfrkq
we;' fuh l=vd yd uOH mudK jHjidh ;=< wdfhdackh lr we;s jHdmdr m%d.aOk iemhq
iud.j,g myiqfjka bka bj;a ug bv i,ikq we;'

294.

fldgia fj<|mf,a ,ehsia;=.; lsu i|yd foaY iud. wdlYKh lr.ekSug fld<U
fldgia yqjudrej ^CSE) il%Sh ldhNdrhla bgql< hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd' fldgia
fj<|mf,ys ,shdmx foaYSh iud. jir 2 la i|yd n iyk ,nk w;r ,kavkh"
isx.mamQrej" fydxfldx fukau uqndhs jeks fmr. fldgia fj<|fmd, , ,ehsia;=.; jQ
foaYSh iud. j,g fuu n iykh jir 3 olajd > lrkq we;' tfiau" fld<U fldgia
fj<`ofmdf<a fvd, ,ehsia;=.; u i`oyd foaYSh iud. Wkka lrjkjd'

295.

j;udkfha fj<`om, m%d.aOkSlrKh remsh,a ,shk 28 ls' fhda; ish l%shdud. ;=<ska
fj<`om, m%d.aOkSlrKh remsh,a ,shk 50 olajd je fj;ehs wfmalaId lrkjd'

fj<`o NdKav yqjudre fj<`om,

296.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f;a" rn" fmd,a jeks fj<`o NdKav iuQyh wmf.a wmkhk wdlfha
jeo.;au fldgila jqjo wmg yqjudre fj<`om,la ke;' iq/l=m;a yd ksuh fldIka iNd
iska kshdukh jk fj<`o NdKav yqjudrejla we;s lsug ka wjia:dj t<U we;s nj ud
Yajdi lrkjd'

ieug wjia:dj i,ik Yla;su;a llre fj<`om,297.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jhia.;jk ck.ykh yuqf Y%u yuqodf ixhq;sh iS>% f,i fjkia
fjka mj;dkjd' ta i`oyd wmg l,am folla ;sfnkjd' tk jev lrk fiajhska ixLHdj
je lsu fyda fiajlhskaf.a ksuejqu je lsuhs' fj<`om, iu`. lrk ,o idlPdf
fuu .eg fol i`oydu i fih hq;= nj meye<s jqkd'

298.

kg mj;sk wju /lshd ugu iy jhia.; ck.ykhka iu rf Y%u n,ldfha

iyNd.s;ajh ie,ls,a,g f.k iar fiajhg ksh; i;shg meh 40 l fiajd ld,hg wvq
fiajd ld,hla fiajh lsug leu;s ksmqK;d iys; Y%lhska wdlIKh lr .ekSu i|yd
wOld,Sk /lshd ixialD;shla we;slsu iqiqh'

tneka rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl wxYhkag

ksmqK;d we;s fiajlhska wka;.%yKh lr .kska M,odhs;ajh yd ;rld;ajh by<

52

kexh yels wOld,Sk /lshd ixialD;shla ykajd ug iqiq mirhla we;s lsug ud
fhdackd lrkjd'
299.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ud okakd m jHdmdr lghq;= iy kq lghq;= ndysr mdYjhka

fj;ska bgqlr .ekSu tk BPOs iy KPOs wdlYkh lr .ekSug Wkka jqj;a wmf.a h,a
mek.sh llre kS;s thg ndOdjla ;sfnkjd' fuu .eg inkaOfhka wjOdkh fhduq
lsug ld,h t<U ;sfnkjd' Bg wod< kS;s imdokh lsug wm rch n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjkjd'

300.

fuu.ska" ishhg 65 la jk wmf.a ms Y%u n,ldhg idfmalaIj ishhg 35 la muK ie,lsh

hq;= wvq ugul mj;sk ldka;d Y%u n,ldfha iyNd.s;ajh jelsug yelsjkq we;s'

301.

kg udi 6 l wLKav fiajd ld,hla we;s fldka;%d;a moku u; n|jd .kq ,enQ fiajlhska
iar l< hq;= nj ud okakjd'

fuu ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka fndfyda fiajd fhdaclhska ;reK

fiajlhska fldka;%d;a moku u; n|jd .ekSug ue,slula olajk neka tu.ska Tjqkaf.a
bmhSf yelshdj wys lr ;sfnkjd' tneka fldka;%d;a mokka ,nd.;a fiajlhska iar
lsug fmr wLKav fiajd ld,h jirla olajd > lsug wjYH kS;s imdokh lsug ud
fhdackd lrkjd'
302.

fm!oa.,sl wxYhg i;shg k 5 la jev lsf ixialD;shg wj;SK jk fuka ud fhdackd

lrkjd' fuu.ska fiajlhskag je fl ld,hla iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,a iu je ld,hla .;
lsug yelshdj ,efnkjd' tfiau k 5 jev lsf i;sh ykajd fuka iud.j,g meh 45
l jev i;shla i|yd jehjk mmd,k ho wvq lr .ekSug o yelshdj ,efnkjd'

303.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn;=udo okakd m rcfha fiajlhska i|yd wm rch iska uilg
remsh,a 10"000$- l w;sfl ukdjla ,nd kakd'

fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fiajlhkag o h

m%;s,dNhla ,eh hq;=hehs wm ;rfha Yajdi lrkjd' tneka fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fiajlhska
i|yd wju jYfhka uilg remsh,a 2"500$- l jegqma jeula ud b,a,d iskjd'

fuhska

remsh,a 1"500$- la 2015 jIfha;a b;s remsh,a 1"000$- 2016 jIfha;a ,ndug ud fhdackd
lrkjd' f i|yd ydmq;=kaf.a ix.uho tl we;s neka Bg wod< kS;s imdokh lrkq
we;'
304.

jevlrk ck;djg wju jegqmla ,efnk njg ;yjqre lsu i|yd /lshd ljqkai,hla
msysgqjk w;r th jdKsc uKav, yd is,a idudlhska iska l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nhs'

wOHdmkh
305.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh oYlh ;=< wOHdmkh i|yd jQ rdcH wdfhdack lK.dgqodhl
f,i my< ugul mej;=ks'

tys m%;sM,hla f,i wm mdi,a j, c, yd ikSmdrlaIl

myiql" kk mka;s ldur" oHd.dr" l%Svdx.k jeks uQ,sl myiql wju ugul mj;skjd'
.=rejreka n|jd .ekSu yd ksis m wkqhqkal lsu i`oyd wmg u;a m%;sm;a;shla
fkdue;su ryila fkdjk w;r tys m%;sM,hla f,i fYaIfhka .Ks;h" oHdj iy bx.%Sis
hk Ihhka i|yd .=rejreka fkdue;sj iuyr mdi,a lghq;= lrkjd' wm rcfha wOHdmk
Wmdh ud. m%Odk jYfhka b.ekaf .=Kd;aul Ndjh by< kexug;a mdi,a h;,

53

myiql jehqKq lsu iy YsIHhskaf.a iy mdi,a Ihud,d ixjOkh lsu;a hk m%Odk

ia:r ;=k u; mokj ;sfnkjd'
306.

wOHdmkfha .=Kd;aulNdjh jOkh lsug b.ekaf .=Kd;aulNdjh b;d jeo.;a fjkjd'

fndfyda Ialr hgf;a lghq;= lrk wfma .=rejrekag ud m%Yxid lrkjd' cd;sl wOHdmk
wdh;kh iska ishu .=rejrekag wLKavj .=re mqyqKqj ,eug wjia:dj i,ik
jevigykla ilia l< hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd' rchg yd rcfhka wdOdr ,nk
mdie,aj,g n|jd .kq ,nk ishu .=rejre fiajhg ne uq,a jir 5 ;=, jir foll
mQKld,Sk .=re mqyqKq jevigykla imQK l< hq;= njgo ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu
ldhh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

.=rejrekaf.a

ksmqK;djhka jOkh lsu i|yd .=rejrekag wLKav mqyqKqj ,ndug wmf.a rch W;aiql
fjkjd'
307.

fYaIfhka m%dfoaYSh yd .%dh mdi,a i|yd oHdj" .Ks;h" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh iy bx.%sis
b.ekau i|yd .=rejre u;aj wkqhqla; lsu iy;sl lrkq jia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh iska
ksYa; ld,rduqjla iys;j l%shdld ie,eiaula imdokh lrkq we;'

.=rejreka wkqhqla;

lsu myiq lr,Su i|yd m%dfoaYSh yd .%dh mdi,aj, .=re ksjdi iy .=re fld.dr wdh
,ndug uu fhdackd lrk w;r ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"000 l uqo,la ,ndug fhdackd
lrkjd'
308.

wmf.a fndfyda m%d:l yd oa;shsl mdi,aj, u;a ikSmdrlaIl myiql fkdue;s neka
jir 2016 wjidkh jk g jhsfka ishu mdie,aj,g ikSmdrlaIl yd c, myiql
,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 4"000 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

309.

cd;sl moaO;sh u.ska fyda iQh n,Yla;sh u.ska fyda jhsfka ,sh fkdue;s mdi,a i|yd
,sh ,ndug fhdackd lrk w;r ta i|yd remsh,a ',shk 2"000 la fjkalr ug o fhdackd
lrkjd'

310.

uOHld,Sk yd l%shdld ie,eiaula hgf;a jhsfka m%d:l mdi,a 3"577 la jehqKq lsu
i|yd remsh,a ,shk 10"000 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

311.

ta iuu oa;shsl mdi,a 1"000 la i|yd l%shdldrl ldur" oHd.dr" nyqudOH ldur"
bf,lafg%dksl lsh myiql iys; mqia;ld, wd myiql ,nd u i`oyd remsh,a ,shk
15"000 la ,ndug fhdackd lrkjd'

312.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" uE; hq.fha rcfhka lsis myiqlula ,nd fkd fkdi,ld yer ;snQ
mdi,a 1"360 la muK mj;sk njg jd;d ;sfnkjd' fujeks w;ayer oud ;snqKq mdi,aj,
myiql yd .=Kd;aulNdjh jehqKq lsf jHdmD;shla l%shd;aul lsu i|yd remsh,a
,shk 30"000$- la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

313.

tfiau je,s lafIa;%fha mdi,a 25 la oa;Shl ugug Wiia

lsu i|yd im;a ,ndfokq

,nk w;r ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 250 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

314.

ia:djr oHd.dr myiql fkdue;s mdi,aj, oHd wOHdmkh hqKq lsu i|yd remsh,a
,shk 450 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
54

315.

mdi,aj, oka; fi!LH myiql jehqKq lsu yd wod< WmlrK ,ndu i|yd remsh,a
,shk 250 la ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

316.

uq%; fmd;a" ird iy ck,a i|yd jQ wdkhk n bj;a lrkq ,nkjd

317.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wfma mdi,aj,g wh;a fndfyduhla bv Nd;hg f.k keye' tajdhska
Wmhk wdodhu mdi, iu fnod.ekSug hg;aj tjeks mdi,aN+ fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu tlaj
j.dlsf wjirh mdi,aj,g ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfia Wmhk wdodhu wOHdmk
wud;HdxYfha wkqu;shg hg;aj mdif,a myiql jehqKq lsug yd kv;a;= lsug Wmfhda.S
lr.; hq;= jkjd'

318.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wOHdmkh i|yd ka fmr fkdjQ m%udKfha houla fujr ug

fhdackd lr ;sfnkjd' ta iuu ishu isiqka jir 13 la mdif,ys fyda jD;a;Sh mqyqKq
wdh;khl wOHdmkh ,eu wm iska wksjdh lrkjd'

319.

mdi,a ;=< jvd;a iqiq mirhla we;slsu i|yd iy isiqka yd .=rejreka w;r wka; in|;d
jehqKq jkq msKsi mx;shl isk <uqka ixLHdj 35 lg iSud lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

320.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" tla tla mdi, fjku msjeh uOHia:dkhla f,i ie,lSug;a fhdackd
lrkjd' im;a uekka Nd;d lsug yd uQ,H l<ukdlrKfha j.u ;yjqre lsu i|yd
fuu l%shdms<sfj, fya;=jkq we;ehs ud woyia lrkjd' fuys NdKavd.drfha yd wOHdmk
wud;HdxYfha ufmkau wjYH jkq we;s'

321.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ysgmq ckdm;s w;s.re f'wd'chjOk ue;s;=ud iska ykajd fokq
,enQ mdi,a ks, we jevigyk foaYmd,k uey;a ksid ka msySug ,laj

;sfnkjd'

tneka mdi,a ks, we iemhSu i|yd jjqp l%uhla ykajd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
flfia fj;;a" 2016 jIh ;=< fuu jevms<sfj, hgf;a iEu <ufhl=gu m%;s,dN ,efnk
nj ;yjqre lsu i|yd wka;ld,Sk jevms,sfj,la f,i tfia jjqp fkd,efnk mdi,a
i|yd fmr m mdi,a ks, we fr ,ndug lghq;= lrkq ,ef'
YajoHd, m%;slrKh
322.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" 2015 jir yd ieif wm Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd whjeh m%;smdok
ishhg 30 lska muK jelr we;s nj ud f iNdjg ie,lr iskafka i;=ks'

Wiia

wOHdmk ma,jhla i|yd msh ke.Sug ka ld,h t,U ;sfnkjd'

323.

;dlaIK Ih Odrdfjka Wiia fm< Nd.h iu;a jQ m<uq isiqka lKavdhu 2016 jif wm
YajoHd,j,g we;=,;a jk nj ud i;=ka i|yka lrkjd' wod< Yaj oHd, ;dlaIKf
Wmdh mskeu i|yd wjYH ;dlaIK mSG msysgq h hq;= w;r wjYH udkj im;a" h;,
myiql yd WmlrK ,ndu u.ska fuu mSGhka Yla;su;a l< hq;=j ;sfnkjd'

324.

<uqka yd mSG uqyqK we;s m%Odk .egjla jkafka fkajdisld.dr yd ksjdi myiql
,nd.ekSuhs' 2018 jir jk g ishu isiqkag ish uq YajoHd, wOHdmk ld,h i|yd
fkajdisld.dr myiql ,ndh hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd' YajoHd, j,g ldh
55

uKav,h wdlYKh lr .ekSug yd r|jd ;nd .ekSu i|yd YajoHd, mSGhka i|ydo
fkajdisl myiql ,ndfokq ,ef'
325.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wfma rf YajoHd, by<u kqka ims fldgilg fiajh i,ik
w;r foaYSh YajoHd, fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu`. we;s inkaO;djh .ek fndfyda fokd jdo
lrkjd' fuu ;;a;ajh ;=, iuyr wfma YajoHd, iajlSh Ihud,d ;=,g o;a; oHdj"
wdhq.Kl oHdj" ffcj f;dr;=refoh" jHdmdr Yaf,aIkh" m%udK ilaIKh wd kj
mdGud,d ykajd ug uQ,sl;ajh f.k lghq;= lr we;s nj fmkS hkjd' fujeks uQ,drNhka
.kajkq msKsi tu YajoHd, j,g wjYH h;, myiql ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
f.dvke.s,s" oHd.dr yd WmlrK jeks myiql fuhg we;=,;a jkq we;'

326.

fuu W;a;;r iNdj okakd m wfma YajoHd, i|yd by< ugf lldpdhjreka
n|jd .ekSu yd r|jd .ekSu b;d wmyiq ldhhla we;' fndfyda foaYSh Yaj oHd, fuu
.egjg iula f,i fhdod f.k we;af;a iqfYaIS uydpdh ;k;=re we;slsuh'

rfgys

Wiia wOHdmk ma,jfha fldgialrejka ug Ndysr mqoa.,hska yd iud. .ekau i|yd

mfhaIK yd ixjOkh i|yd kgu;a ,nd we;s ;%s;aj n iykh cd;sl YajoHd, i|yd
mq,a lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
327.

foaYSh YsIHhka fYaIfhka mYapd;a Wmd mdGud,d i|yd wdlYkh lr .ekSu i|yd
YajoHd, cd;Hka;r ms<s.ekSula iys; jD;a;Sh wdh;k iu wfkHdkH inkaO;d we;s
lr .ekSug .ekah hq;=h' tjka uQ,drNhla i|yd uQ,H myiql ,ndug ud fhdackd
lrkjd'

uyfmd, YajoHd,h
328.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jx.; .re ,,s;a we;=,;auqo,s ue;s;=ud fj<| weu;sjrhd jYfhka yd
wmf.a j;udk .re w.ue;s;=ud wOHdmk wud;Hjrhd jYfhka

lghq;= l< ld,fha

b;sydifha fmr fkdjQ rE whqka wmf.a cd;shg l< fiajh ms<sn|j i|yka fkdlrkafka
k th ud iska ys;du;d w;miq lsula isl,d fjkjd' uyfmd, YsIH;aj fhdackd l%uh
YajoHd, YsIH mrmrdjka /ilg Tjqkaf.a wOHdmkh id:lj imQK lsug Wmldr
we;'

tfukau Tjqkg furg fukau msgrg fiajh lrkq ,nk wOHmk{hska fukau

jD;a;slhka ugo bvlv ie,iS ;sfnkjd' tneka fuu fY%aIaG rdcH ;dka;%slhkag f.!rj
lsu i|yd ud,f uyfmd, YajoHd,h kka YajoHd,hla wdrN lsu i|yd fuu
md,sfka;=j tljkq we;s njg ug Yajdihs' fuu Yaj oHd,h f;dr;=re ;dlaIKfoh"
jHdmdr wOHhkh" bx.%Sis" l<ukdlrKh yd fj,|fmd, b,lal lr.;a wfkl=;a kj Ih
ud,djka b.ekau i|yd wjOdkh fhduq lrkq we;' tneka fuu YajoHd,h msysgqu i|yd
remsh,a ,shk 3"000 la fjkalsug fhdackd lrkjd'
329.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm iudcfha wOHdmk wjia:d je hqKq lsug wm rcfha we;s lemu
iksgqyka lrka ls,sfkdfha bxfkare oHd mSGhla we;s lsug;a" jjqkshdf

lDIslu

mSGhla we;s lsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

330.

md,s yd fn!oaO wOHdmk mYapd;a Wmd wdh;kh i|yd kj f.dvke.s,a,la we;=j wjYH
h;, myiql iemfhkq we;'

f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd

lrkjd'

56

331.

YajoHd, YsIHhska i|yd fmd,S rys; wjqre 3 l Khla ,emafgdma m.Kl , .ekSu
i|yd ,ndug fhdackd lrkjd'tfukau ksoyia wi-fi l,dm iEu YajoHd,hlgu ,ndfokq
we;' f i`oyd remsh,a ,shk 300 la fjka lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

332.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" YajoHd,hg we;=,;au i|yd i,ld ne,Sf w;sfl ,l=Kq ,nd
ug kg Nd;d lrk l%ufoh hgf;a l%Svdfjka olaIl olajk whg wu;r ,l=Kq ,nd
fok wdldrhg ug iudkj kj ksIamdokhka fyda fiajdjka ms<sn| kj fidhd.ekSula islr
;su" kj m%fYhka ksudKh lrkq ,enQ wka;cd;sl ;r. tk ue;aia T,smshd wd
;r.j,g iyNd.s ;su jeks wxYj,go mq,a lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

333.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a YsIHhka i|yd foaY wOHdmkh ,ndug jeh lsu i|yd
fndfyda ld,hla ;siafia foaY ksuh rka msgg .,df.dia ;sfnkjd' tu l%shdj,sh wdmiq
yerh hq;=h' i;HjYfhkau wmf.a mj;akd Od;dj ie,ls,a,g .ekSug foaY YsIHhka Y%S
,xldf wOHdmkh ,eug fmd<Ujd .ekSug;a u.ska foaY ksuh furgg woaojd .ekSug;a
yels fjkjd' Y%S ,xldjg wOHdmksl flakaia:dkhla u i|yd je bvlvla ;sfnkjd' f
inkaOj miq.sh rch iska fm!oa.,sl YajoHd, wdrN lsu i`oyd wjir ug .kq ,enQ
;SrKh ksjer Ydjg fhduq jQjla' tfiau ffjoH wxYh yer wfkl=;a Ihka fm!oa.,sl
YajoHd,j,g bv ,nd h hq;= nj wm rcfhao woyihs' YajoHd, m%;smdok fldIka
iNdj u.ska wlaIKh lsf fldkafoaish fukau tu YajoHd,hg n|jd .kq ,nk YsIH
ixLHdfjka ishhg 10 la Y%S ,xldf w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< id:lj iu;ajk YsIHhska i|yd
fkdf,a m%odkh lsf fldkafoaish u; fuu wdh;k l%shd;aul jkq we;' tjeks taldnoaO
jHdmdrj, foaYSh mdYjlrejka i|yd n iyk ,ndfokjd' flfia jqj;a" wm rch lsis
wjia:djk kg mj;akd ksoyia wOHdmk l%ufhka neyerug lghq;= fkdlrk nj o ud
fuu .re iNdjg iy;sl lr iskjd'

334.

ud okakd m YajoHd, wOHdmk ldh uKav, rdclduh jYfhka tk mfhaIK jd;d

ms<sn`o bm;a ls is lsu we;=j foaY ixpdrj, fhfok g iuyr f. i|yd
iqiql fkd,nhs' tuksid rcfha ish jD; fiajdj, Odhl ks,Odkag ,ndfokq ,nk
tjeks myiql YajoHd, wOHhk ldh uKav,j,go ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

335.

rch iska ;r.ld Nd. l%shdj,sh yryd WmdOdka rcfha fiajhg n|jd .ekSu wLKavj
islrkq we;' wm rcfha kj m%fYhka wkqj f,dalfha b wNsfhda.hkag uqyqKug yelsjk
m rdcH wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a Od;d jOkh l< hq;= fjkjd' tuksid j;udk
fj<|fmd,

/lshd

b,aug

i,k

;ukaf.a

mdGud,d

ilia

lrk

f,ig

YajoHd,j,ska ud b,a,d iskjd'

336.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" udiska by; i|yka l< l%shdldrl i|yd remsh,a ,shk 6"000 l
wu;r m%;smdokhla fjkalsug fhdackd lrkjd'

jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj yd ;dlaIKsl wOHdmkh - O wjia:d

337.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" whjeh imdok l%shdj,sh ;=, O ludka; wxYj, jdKsc uKav,
iu ud woyia yqjudre lr.kq ,enqjd' tu jdKsc uKav,j,ska u;=lrk ,o tla .egjla
jQfha m%d:l iy uOHu ugf /lshd i`oyd mqyqKq Y%lhkaf.a ys;djhhs'
57

338.

jD;a;Sh mqyqKq iy l=i,;d jOkh i`oyd wjia:dj imhkq ,nk rcfha wdh;k 400 l g
jvd rgmqrd we;s nj i|yka lrkag leu;shs' flfia jqjo fuu wdh;k w;r ukd
inkalrKhla fkdue;s nj;a" fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu we;s inkaO;d wju nj kslaIKh
fjkjd'

tneka .re l:dkdhl;=uks" O ludka; wxYhkag wod,j we;s ludka;

iNdjka ^Industry Sector Councils) Yla;su;a lsug fhdackd lrk w;r tu.ska wod, fh
wud;HdxYh$;D;Sh iy jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wOHdmk fldiug iqiq Wmfoia ,ndug;a tu.ska
jD;a;Sh mqyqKq Wmdhud.hka fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wjYH;djhkag .e,fmk whqka ilia
lsug;a yelsjkq we;'
339.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ;dlaIK Yaj oHd,h ^UNIVOTEC) iy id.r YajoHd,h msysgqu

yryd" mdi,a moaO;sfhka msgjk <uhska yg iy;sl ugf mdGud,d" maf,daud fyda Wmd
olajd wLKavj ish wOHhk lghq;= lrf.k hdu i|yd l,am ud.hka we;s ;sfnkjd'
tneka id.r YajoHd,h u.ska" id.r joHdj" id.rh wdY%s; fkdaodiajdo l%shdldrl"
jrdh inkaO ;ghq;=" fndagq$ke bls" taldnoaO fjr< im;a l,ukdlrKh jeks O
Ihhkag wod, kj Wmd mdGud,djka ykajdug fhdackd lrkjd'

340.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks rg;=, mqyqKq Y%u n,ldh by< kexf wruqKska YajoHd, oHdh;k
^Univesity Colleges) myla kgu;a msysgqjd we;s w;r ;j;a tjeks tla oHd,hla kqre
ld,fha ngka., wdrN lsug ksh;h' tneka ish mdGud,d je hqKq fldg ;j rg;a
mq,a lsu i`oyd fuu YajoHd, oHdh;kj, Ih ud,djka ;jrg;a mq,afldg fmd,su
;dlaIKh" mqkckkSh n,Yla;s ;dlaIKh" j;=j.d ;dlaIKh" f,aLk l,dj jeks O Ih
Odrdjka we;=,;a lsug;a ;dlaIKsl oHd," YajoHd, oHdh;k ugug Wiia lsug;a
uOHu ugf

;dlaIKsl Ys,amSka ys lsug;a fhdackd lrkjd' tfiau" YajoHd, u.ska

msgjk NVQ 5 iy 6 ugf iqiql ,enQ YsIH$YsIHdjkag Wmdhg iudk iqiqlula jk

NVQ 7 ugu olajd ish wOHhk lghq;= wLKavj mj;ajdf.k hdug yelsjk m ;dlaIK
YajoHd, u.ska kj mdGud,d ykajd ug;a fhdackd lrkjd'
341.

mj;akd YajoHd,j,g iudka;rj fYaIfhkau miq.d m%foaYhkays Yaj oHd, msysgq ug

je wjOdkhla fhduq lrka ;dlaIKh mdol lr.;a uKavm iy jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;k
msysgqug o wm iska lghq;= lrkjd' tfiau wvq wdodh,dNS mjq,aj, isk olaI;d iys;
isiqkag fuu ;dlaIKh mdol lr.;a uKavm iy jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;kj,g we;=,;a u
myiq lsug jjqp m;% l%uhlao ykajd ug wm lghq;= lrkjd'

342.

;dlaIKsl iy jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wOHhk wxYh ;jrg;a Yla;su;a lsu i|yd ,xld cudkq
ldl wNHdi wdh;khg ^Ceylon German Technical Institute) we;=,;a lr.kakd YsIH
ixLHdj jir folla ;=, 200 lska jelsugo ud fhdackd lrkjd' cuka ;dlaIKsl
wdh;kh (GIZ) u.ska wruqo,a imhd blrkq ,nk ls,sfkd jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;kh
bls lghq;= f jk g wjika fjka mj;skjd' tneka tu mqyqKq wdh;kh ,xld
cudkq ldl wNHdi wdh;khg iudk iajdk mqyqKq wdh;khla f,i ixjOkh lsug
o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

343.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%u fj<|fmd, b,au imqrd,Sug yelsjk m mqyqKq Y%u n,ldhla
fYaIfhkau f.dvke.s,s iy bls" fydag,a iy ixpdrl" yq bxfkare iy ksIamdok jeks
58

lafIa;%hkays we;s lsug wm rch fYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lrkjd'

fm!oa.,sl wxYhka taldnoaOj

ta i|yd rdcH iy

mqyqKq jevigyka ykajd ug;a tajd imQK lrkq ,nk

YsIHhskag cd;sl jD;a;Sh mqyqKq iqiql f,i ms,s.;a (NVQ Accredited) iy;slhla ,ndug;a
ud fhdackd lrkjd'
344.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm rf iq yd uOH mudK jHjidhhkays uQ,H m%ldYk ilia lsu"

jHdmdr ie,iq ilia lsu jeks lafIa;%hka inkaOj kqu we;s fiajlhska fkdue;s nj
fmdf ms,s.;a lreKls' tneka ,shdmx .Kk iud. iska fuu iq yd uOHu mudK
jHjidhhkays ldh uKav,hg udi ;=kl muK jk mdGud,d u.ska wjYH mqyqKqj ,nd ug
ud fhdackd lrkjd' thg .ekaula f,i tfia mqyqKq lrkq ,nk tla wfhl= fjkqfjka
udislj re'2"000 l uqo,la tjeks .Kk iud. j,g m%;smQrKh lsug rch mshjr .kq
,nkjd' tla ld;=jl fujeks ;reKhska 2500 la mqyqKq jkq we;ehs wfmalaId lrkjd' fuu
ldhh fjkqfjka remsh,a ,shk 30 la fjkalsugo ud fhdackd lrkjd'

345.

tfiau /lshd fj<|mf,ys ;rlsug uD l=i,;d ^Soft Skills) jehqKq lr.ekSu iy

bx.%Sis NdIdfjys m%k;djhla ,nd .ekSu w;HjYH fjkjd' tneka tjeks uD l=i,;d yd
bx.%Sis NdIdj ms,sn| ksis wOHdmkhla jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wxYfha YsIHhskag ,nd u wruqKq
lrf.k mqyqKqlrejka foaYhka fj; hdu fukau fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdh;kj,g m%;sfhka
hq;= bx.%Sis mdGud,d wdrN lsug o fhdackd lrkjd'

346.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" by; i|yka fhdackd l%shd;aul lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 3"000 l
w;sfl m%;smdok fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

fhdjqka fiakdxl yryd ;reKhska in, .ekau

347.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a ;reK mrmqr rf wkd.;hg msiSf fodrgqjhs' tneka ;reK
mrmqf ish yelshdjka jOkh fldg tajdhska m%fhdack .ekSug yels wjia:djka Tjqkag
,ndug wm rch lem iskjd'

f i|yd fhdjqka fiakdxl kej; in, .ekaug wm

fhdackd lrkjd'
348.

wOHdmk fmd iy;slm;% idudkH fm< iy Wiia fm<ska miq mdie,a yerhkakka yg je
/lshd wjia:d ,ndu i|yd fhdjqka fiakdxl u.ska fuu ;reK lKavdhj,g /lshd wjia:d
ms,sn| Wmfoia ,ndug;a" kdhl;aj mqyqKq jevigyka yryd fm!reI;aj jOkh yd
kh.rel ;reK msila ys lsug;a lghq;= lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfiau ta yryd
Tjqka jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;kj,g fhduq lsula isflfrkq we;'

Y%S ,xld jD;a;Sh mqyqKq

wldh iy jD;a;Sh mqyqKq lafIa;%fha kshq;= wksl=;a wdh;k fuu fhdjqka fiakdxl iu.
cd,.; lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'
349.

fuu lghq;= islsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 3"000 l w;sfl m%;smdokhla ,ndugo ud
fhdackd lrkjd'

350.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a ;reK mrmqf iduqysl yelshdjkaf.ka Wmu m%fhdack

,ndf.k iajdk f,i ish wkd.; wfmalaIdjka bgqlr .ekSug Tjqka Wkka lrug ld,h
meK we;'

f i`oyd wju jYfhka idudlhska mkia fofkl=f.ka iuka; tallj,g

u,a j.dj" .DyNdKav ludka;h" ,s jdyk pd lrk uOHia:dk" wdydr ludka;

59

is;=re u;aiH j.dj" ls wdY%s; ludka;" meKs ludka;h jeks lafIa;%j, jHdmD;sj,
ksr; u i|yd lKavdh Kh l%uhka jdKssc nexl= u.ska ykajdug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
fuu jHdmD;s i|yd jdKsc nexl= iska iykodhS fmd,S wkqmd; hgf;a uQ,H myiql ,nd
fok we;s w;r tu jHdmD;s ;jrg;a jHdma; lsu i|yd o Tjqkg fuu iykodhS moku u;
uQ,H myiql ,nd fokq we;' jHdmD;sfha m%udKh mokj f i|yd rcfha bv ,ndugo
wm iska mshjr .kq we;' rgmqrd isreKq .udk 6"000 lska wju jYfhka ;reK ;reKhska
300"000 la f i|yd fhduqjkq we;ehs wfmalaIs; w;r f i|yd ish wdh;ksl iudc j.lSu
hgf;a jk jHdmD;s yryd ^Corporte Social Responsibility) iqiq Kh fhdackd l%uhla y`kajd
fok f,ig ud cd;sl b;slsf nexl=jg wdrdOk lr iskjd'
fi!LHh - kQ;k fi!LH myiql
351.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fi!LH lafIa;%fha wdfhdackhkays we;s wjYH;djh iy jeo.;alu wm

rch iska fydka ykdf.k we;' wmf.a rgjeishkag ksoyia fi!LH myiql iemhSug wm
ne isukjd f i|yd ldhuKav,j, Od;djhka jOkh uD iy oDv h;, myiql"
mfhaIK yd ixjOkh jeks O me;slv Tiafia wdfhdackh lsu wmf.a l%fudamdhhs'

352.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg rg ;=< me;shk jl=.vq wdY%s; frda. ms,sn|j fuu iNdj ;=<
ksrka;r jdohka iy idlPdjka we;s ;sfnkjd'

fuu jHikh wmg is;d.; fkdyels

;r oreKq ugulg f jk g ,d we;s ksid ta ms,sn|j lghq;= fkdlr isug wmg

lsisu bvla keye' tneka fuu jl=.vq frda.h b;d ;ka me;sr we;s m%foaYj, rer ldka
fmrk uOHia:dk ^Kidney Dialysis Centres) 1"000 la b;d blaukska msysgqu i|yd remsh,a
,shk 6"500 la fjka lsugo ud fhdackd lrkjd'
353.

tfiau jl=.vq frda. l<ukdlrKh i|yd fjkajQ fYaI myiql iys; frday,la kafkafha
blsug;a ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"000 la fjkalsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

354.

k,a" uykqjr iy ud;r hk m%foaYj, ms<sld frday,a ;=kla blsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk
3"000 la fjkalsugo ud fhdackd lrkjd'

355.

jvd;a by< ugf ffjoH myiql ,ndu i|yd wkqrdOmqr" l=reKE., yd hdmkh
frday,aj, ;;ajh Wiia lsug;a ta i|yd kk myiql iys; f.dvke.s,s" WmlrK iy
wfkl=;a myiql iemhSug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd' ta fjkqfjka remsh,a ,shk 3"000 la fjka
lsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

356.

.re l;dkdhl;=uks" rf fi!LH myiql ,nd.ekSu i|yd fi!LH myiql ,nd.ekSf

wjldY mq`M,a lsf wruqK we;sj yishl m%;spdr oelaf ld,h fl lsu iy
wjia:djka mq`M,a lsu i|yd;a" cx.u wdfrda.H Yd,d ixl,amh m%jOkh lrkq we;' ta wkqj"
f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 200 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

357.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fnda fkdjk frda.hkag jeyshka fukau <uhskao f.dref by<
wjodku yd ta wdY%s; wNsfhda.hka ie,ls,a,g f.k wm rch iska b jI ;=k ;=, jHd
oHdj ^Pathology)" yis wk;=re ffjoH myiql" <uhska iy hm;a wh fjkqfjka wjYH
ffjoH i;aldr inkaOj fYaI{ ffjoHjreka mqyqKq lsu fukau wjYH fyo ldh

60

uKav, iy w;=re ffjoH fiajdjkays ldh uKav,o mqyqKq lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' ta
fjkqfjka remsh,a ,shk 250 la fjka lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'
358.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f jk g rg mqrd uQ,sl frday,a iy m%dfoaYSh frday,a Yd, ixLHdjl

frda.Skag wjYH we|ka" frda. ksYaph lsf myiql" tfkod w;HdjYH jk mdfNda.sl jH
jeks uQ,sl wjYH;djkays yshla mj;skjd' fuu ;;ajh hgf;a ffjoHjrekaf.a fkajdisl
myiql o wju u ksid Tjqka r`ojd .ekSu .eg iy.; ;sfnkjd' tneka jir foll
ld,hla ;=< Ialr m%foaYhkays fiajfha kshq;= ffjoHjreka yd wfkl=;a iydhl ldh
uKav,hkays uQ,sl fkajdisl myiql imqrd,Sug ud fhdackd lrkjd' f i|yd rdcH wxYh
yd fm!oa.,sl wxY taldnoaOj mshjr .ekSu ffOhu;a lrk w;r fm!oa.,sl wxYh u.ska
bls isfldg tu f.dvke.s,s mj;ajd f.k hdug;a" tu fiajd iemhSu fjkqfjka rch
u.ska Tjqkg l=,shla f.ug;a lghq;= lrkjd'

359.

wd>d; uOHia:dk ^Stroke Centers) oyhla f;dard.;a ia;%slalj, blr" ;D;shsl i;aldrl
frday,aj,g wkqhqla; lr frda.S i;aldrl myiql jehqKq lsug;a tu frday,aj, yis
wk;=re m%;sldr yd fiajd myiql b jI fol ;=< jehqKq lsug;a fhdackd lrkjd' ta
i|yd remsh,a ,shk 5"000 la fjka lsug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

360.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" mfhaIK iy ixjOkh hkq fi!LH lafIa;%hg wod, wmf.a

l%fudamdhhkays jeo.;a wx.hka f' fi!LH lafIa;%fha kshq;= jD;a;slhka iska rcfha lsis
iyhla fkdue;sj fyda wju myiql hgf;a fi!LH lafIa;%hg wod, mfhaIKhkays ksr;j
iskjd' fuys 2015 jIfha

kSjdys

mej;s

kj

ksmehqlrejkaf.a wka;cd;sl

m%oYkfha Footie kue;s WmlrKhla ksmou fjkqfjka rka molal ,nd.;a fodia;r
;=is; lyj uy;d iy mhka; iakdhq W;af;acl blgqjla ^Peripheral nerve stimulator
needle) fidhd .ekSu fjkqfjka fodia;r wkQm fyar;a uy;dg fukau wvq ho iys;
rEmuh iajrdf,alaIhka ^video laryngoscope) ksmou fjkqfjka kskaok ffjoHjrekaf.a
f,dal

ix.ufha

kjksmehq

iudkh

^World

Federation

of

Societies

of

Anaesthesiologists Innovalion Award) ,enQ fodia;r wkqr l%uisxy uy;d;a ud b;d

by<ska w.h lrkjd'

fuu ;reK ffjoHjreka fuhg fmr frda.S i;aldrl fiajdjka

jehqKq fldg by< ugulg f.k tau i|yd fujeks kj ksmehq ykajd ka furfgys
is fY%aIaG ffjoHjrekaf.a wmdf hka fujeks kjksmehq fidhdf.k we;s nj ud Yajdi
lrkjd'

Tjqka ish fokdf.a fuu olaI;d fjkqfjka wmf.a m%Yxidj;a m%kduh;a mqolr

iskjd'
361.

fi!LH wxYfha mfhaIK yd ixjOk lghq;=j, jeo.;alu ie,ls,a,g f.k" hjehdj"

fvx.=" jl=.vq wdY%s; frda. iy ms,sld inkaO mfhaIK islsug iydh oelau fjkqfjka
cd;sl oHd mokug National Science Foundation fj; remsh,a ,shk 250 la fjka lsugo ud
fhdackd lrkjd'

362.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu. ;r lsug yelsjk m Y%S chjOkmqr frday,
klrKh fldg tys fiajdjka mq,a lsug mshjr .efkkq we;' ta i`oyd remsh,a ,shk
1"500 la fjka lsug fhdackd lrkjd' tfiau foaYShj yd foaYShj iqiql ,enQ fyo ldh
uKav,hg we;s by< b,au ie,ls,a,g f.k Y%S chjOkmqr frday,g wkqnoaO fyo mdif,ys
61

jIhlg fyhka 2000 la mqyqKq lsug yels jk m h;, myiql hqKq lsug mshjr
.; hq;= fjkjd'

fuu ldhh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"500 la fjkalsug o ud fhdackd

lrkjd'
363.

fuu fhdackd i|yd fjkalrkq ,nk uQ,H m%;smdok ksis m fhdojd .efkk njg
ksrka;rj miqmr lghq;= is lsu i|yd;a rch iska fhdojk uqo,g ksis jkdlula
,efnk njg jk ixl,amh l%shd;aul flfrk nj ikd: lr .ekSu i|yd;a iEu frday,lu
wlaIK tallhla msysgqug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

364.

T!IO jH wdkhkh i|yd foaYhkag we hk wmf.a foaY ksuhka furg ;=< r|jd
.ekSug rch iy fm!oa.,sl wxYh taldnoaOj T!IO ksIamdok l,dm msysgqug ud fm!oa.,sl
wxYhg wdrdOkh lr iskjd'

tys rcfha odhl;ajh f,i wjYH bv ,ndfokq ,nkjd'

rcfha frday,aj, wjYH;d imqrd,Su i`oyd tu T!IO ,g .ekSu ikd: flfrk .siqj,g
t,ug;a ^buy back arrangements) lghq;= flfrk w;r tu ksIamdok i|yd fjk;a
fj<|fmd,j,g m%fYug o Tjqka ffOhu;a lrkq ,ef'
foaYSh ffjoH lafIa;%h u;a lsu
365.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ngysr ffjoH l%u furf m%p,s; jk f;lau wmf.a im%odhdkql+,
frda. iqj lsf l%ufohka mrmrdfjka mrmrdjg ,ndu yryd mj;ajdf.k tkq ,eh'

366.

flfia jqjo" frda. ksjdrKfha foaYSh ffjoH l%ufohka lsisgl wm iudcfhka uqukskau
bj;aj f.dia fkdue;' ngysr rgj, fujeks foaYSh ffjoH l%uj,g we;s b,au kej; by<
hdu;a iuu wm rg ;=,o ta i|yd kej; msula we;s ;sf' ta fya;=fjka wo jk g Y%S
,xldj wdhqfo ixpdrl uOHia:dkhla f,i wka;cd;sl jYfhka m%p,s; we;'

367.

foaYSh ffjoH lafIa;%hg wod< .eg /ilau we;s w;r bka m%Odk;u .egjla jkafka foaYSh
wuqjH j, we;s ysluhs'

tneka thg ms,shula f,i lgqje,angq" Iakql%dka;s jeks

flld,Sk j.djka ffOhu;a lsu i|yd f.dka 2000 lg wjYH bv ,ndug;a ta i|yd
iykodhS uQ,H myiql ,ndug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'
368.

foaYSh ffjoH lafIa;%fha YajikSh;ajh;a cd;Hka;r ugf ms,s.ekSu;a mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd
rgmqrd we;s ishu wdhqfo frday,a iy wdhqfo indyk uOHia:dk kshdukh lsug
wjYH l%ufohla ykajd ug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

kfjda;amdok wdlhla i|yd mfhaIK iy ixjOkh

369.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm iska oHd" ;dlaIK yd kfjda;amdok lafIa;%hkays lr we;s

wdfhdack m%udKhka wmf.a o, foaYSh ksIamd;fha jOkhg iu.dj mj;ajd .ekSug wm
wiu;a we;' Wiia ;dlaIKhlska hq;= ksIamdok wmkhkhkaf.a jkdlu tl;= lsu
wfkl=;a ixj; ldl rgj, mj;sk ishhg 50 - ishhg 75 muK jk w.hg idfmalaIj
Y%S ,xldf th ishhg 0'9 la jeks b;d my< w.hl mej;Su u.ska is we;s wys;lr n,mEu
meye,sj fmkakq lrhs'

tfiau fmagka n,m;% yd mfhaIK u; mokj fiajd imhkq

,nk ludka;j,ska wmf.a wdlhg imhkq ,nk odhl;ajho b;d my< ugul mj;skjd'
kfjda;amdok ;=<ska fufyhjkq ,nk wdlhla wmg ,dlr .ekSug k fuu ;;a;ajh
b;d blaukska fjkia lr.; hq;=j ;sfnkjd' 2020 jIh jk g wmf.a wmkhkhkaf.ka
62

wju jYfhka ishhg 10 la j;a b;d Wiia ;dlaIKh fhdodf.k ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk kj
ksIamdok h hq;= njg wfmalaId lrkjd'
370.

fuu l%shdj,sh f.j;a lsu i|yd kfjda;amdok u;a lrk miq;,hla we;s lsug ud
fhdackd lrkjd'

tu.ska oHd ;dlaIK yd kfjda;amdok inkalrK f,al ldhd,h

(COSTI) cd;sl kfjda;amdok fukaau cd;sl f;aud uQ,sl mfhaIK jevigyk ^National
Thematic Research Programme) cd;sl oHd moku u.ska ls%hd;aul flfrk ;dlaIK
myiql iemfhk jevigyka o" wdl ixjOkh" iudc idOdrK;ajh" mdil ;;a;ajh
hk isoaOdka; u; mok jQ ;sridrnj iq/lSf meye<s wruqKlska hq;=j taldnoaO flfrkq
we;'
371.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fuu fhdackd l%shd;aul lsu i|yd pl%Sh wruqo,la f,i l%shd;aul
lrkq ,nk kfjda;amdok f.j;a lsf wruqo, u.ska l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nk oHd"
;dlaIK yd mfhaIK wud;HdxYh hgf;a cd;sl kfjda;amdok uOHia:dkhka msysgqug o ud
fhdackd lrkjd' fuu uOHia:dkfha uQ,sl m%d.aOkh f,i remsh,a ,shk 100 la ,ndug
fhdackd lrk w;r ;j;a ,shk 3000 la b jI ;=kl ld,hla ;=< ,ndug o lghq;=
lrkjd'

372.

fuu kfjda;amdok wjidkfha ,dN Wmojk jdKsc ksIamdokhka njg m;alsu iy;sl lsu
wmf.a wfmalIdjhs'

f jk g;a

oHd ;dlaIK yd kfjda;amdok inkalrK f,al

ldhd,h (COSTI) u.ska tjeks id:l jdKscuh ksIamdok i|yd Njhka we;s jHdmD;s 25 la
ykdf.k ;sfnkjd' fuu kfjda;amdok w;rg f.dKek kjQ lDIsldl ksIamdok
m%jOkhg iydh jk cx.u fiajdjla" n,Yla;s .nvdlr ;ef l%ufo wdh we;=,;a
jkjd' fujeks kfjda;amdok wod< ludka; lafIa;%hg iDcq odhl;ajhla imhk w;r b,lal
.; wxYhkays ;sridr njg o odhl jkq we;' fujeks kfjda;amdok jdKsclrKhg odhl jk
iud. fjkqfjka wO n iyk fukau w;dlaIKsl WmlrK laIhug ,ndfok
ld,iSudj wvq lsu jeks iyk ,ndug o lghq;= lrkjd'

tu jHdmD;sj, iajNdjh

ie,ls,a,g f.k rch iska ta i|yd wjYH bv fyda fjk;a tjeks myiql ,ndug lghq;=
lrkjd'

373.

kg l%shd;aul keKi, uOHia:dk" jHjidhl;aj fjkqfjka jk kfjda;amdok uOHia:dk

f,i Wia fY%aKs.; lsugo ud fhdackd lrkjd'

ta wkqj keKi, WiafY%aKs.; lsf

ixfla;uh msieliq m>kl uOHia:dkhlg ;%sudK uqK myiql" f,ailgia" legh

Ys,amSh WmlrK jeks wfkl=;a n,Yla;s fuj, we;=,;a jkq we;' tneka 2016 jIfha
keKi, uOHia:dk Wia fY%aKs.; lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 100 la fjkalsug o ud
fhdackd lrkjd' fufia WiafY%aKs.; lrk ,o uOHia:dk j,ska" idudkHfhka islrkq ,nk
f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh n,.ekaug wu;rj iq yd uOHu mudK foaYSh jHjidhl;ajh
m%jOkh iy ;dlaIKsl myiql iemhSuo islrkq we;'
374.

Y%S ,xldf wmkhkhk i|yd by< wdka;slhla ,nd.ekSug k w.h tl;=l< ms<s.;a
fj<|kdu iys; foaYhkays ,shdmx l< fj,|kdu iys; ksIamdokhka h hq;=h' fuu
,shdmx lsf l%shdj,sh f.j;a fldg ta i|yd jk ho wvq lsu i|yd f,dal nqoauh
foam, ixOdkfha wka;cd;sl ldhdxYh ^WIPO) u.ska md,kh lrk fj<| ,l=Kq
63

,shdmx lsf ue l%ufofha idudl;ajh Y%S ,xldjg ,nd.ekSug o ud fhdackd

lrkjd' fuu fhdackdj ludka; ksfhda;hska iska bm;a lrk ,o fhdackdjls' ta wkqj
nqoauh foam, ldhdxYh u.ska fj<| kdu mk; ixfYdaOkh fldg ue l%ufofha
idudl;ajh ,nd.ekSug yd myiql iemhSug yd wod< fN!;sl yd udkj im;a ixjOkh
fjkqfjka remsh,a ,shk 100 la fjkalsug o uu fhdackd lrkjd'
375.

wka;cd;sl fmaka whs;Ska (Patent Rights) ,nd .ekSf m%;s,dN ms<sn`oj kj ksmehlrejka
kqj;a lrka fmagka b,am;a f,dal jHdma;j m%jOkh lsu i`oyd l%ufohla ilia
lrk f,i Y%S ,xld kj ksmehqlrejkaf.a fldiug ud fhdackd lrkjd' tfukau"
wka;cd;sl fmagka whs;Ska ,nd .ekSu i`oyd iqiq kj ksmehq y`kd .ekSug ta i`oyd
wjYH uQ,H yd ;dlaIKsl iydh ,nd ug;a kj ksmehq fldiu lghq;= l< hq;= fjkjd'
f inkaOfhka kj ksmehqlrejka orkq ,nk hou wefuldkq fvd, 100"000 l
Wmuhlg hg;aj rch iska ug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

jhia.; ck;djg /ljrK ie,iSu

376.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldf jhia.; ck.ykh 2000 jif uq ck.ykfhka ishhg
9'3 la jQ w;r th 2020 jk g ishhg 20 la muK fhehs wfmalaId flfrkjd' fuys
fmdf ykd.; yelsjQ ;;a;ajh k jhia.; ck.ykh iudchg iy wdlhg b;d
n,mEula we;s lrk njhs'

jhia.; ck.ykh uqyqK fok iqfYaIS ;;a;ajhka yuqf

wjYH;d we;s jfhdajDoaO mqoa.,hska i|yd jvd;a u;a jfhdajDoaO /ljrK l%u iy ta i|yd
wjYH lrk uQ,H imdokhka iy fiajd iemhS fjkqfjka we;s flfrk w;sfl b,au
imqrd,sh hq;=hs' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" jfhdajDoaO Y%S ,dxlslhka w;r jOkh jk wiudk;d
u.ska we;slrk n,mEu iy tu.ska" Tjqka fjkqfjka jk fiajd i|yd we;slrk b,au
ms<sn|j wmg kg ukd wjfndaOhla ke;'fuu fiajd myiql i|yd jOkh jk b,aula
;snqko Y%S

,xldf jfhdajDoaO i;aldrl fiajd fj<|fmd< wfkl=;a uewdodh rgj,

;;a;ajhg hqKq fkdue;'

fksid my; i|yka lreKq we;=<;a jQ nyqO l%fudamdhhla

fhdackd lrkjd'

wod, Wkkajla olajk ish mdYjlrejka iu idlPd lr jfhdajDoaO mqoa.,hska i|yd

cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla ilia lsu i|yd jfhdajDoaO mqoa.,hka ms<sn| cd;sl ljqkais,hla msysgqu'
f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 10 l uqo,la taldnoaO wruqo,ska fjkalsug fhdackd lrkjd'

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jDoaO ls;ail olaI;dj,ska fy jD;a;slhskag foaYSh jYfhkq;a

cd;Hka;r jYfhkq;a by< b,aula ;sfnkjd' tuksid cd;sl YajoHd, iy fm!oa.,sl
wxYfha wOHdmk wdh;k jDoaO ls;ail /ljrK fiajd b,lal lr.;a mqyqKq jevigyka yd
mdGud,d meje;au i|yd ffOhu;a lrkjd' kEu fm!oa.,sl wOHdmk wdh;khla iska
cd;Hka;rj ms<s.kakd jDoaO ls;ail mdGud,d mj;ajdf.k hkafka k ta whg wjqre 05 la
olajd ishhg 50 l n wvqlsula ,ndfokq we;'

jhia.; mqoa.,hka i|yd jQ ksjdi i|yd o ^Housing for elderly) by< b,aula mj;sk
kuq;a rf ta i|yd iemhqu b;d wvq ugul mj;S'

jfhdajDoaO mqoa.,hka i|yd ksjdi

myiql blrk fm!oa.,sl iud. iy ;ks mqoa.,hka fj; ishhg 50 l n rduhla ,nd
fokq we;'

ud okakd m rlaIK iud. iska ffjoH wdrlaIK wdjrK fcHIaG mqrjeishka fj; ksl=;a
lrkafka keye'

fuh iudcfha fldgilg lrkq ,nk widOdrKhla nj fmfkkjd'

64

tuksid jhi wjqre 75 olajd ish mqrjeishkag ffjoH rlaIK wdjrK ,nd fok f,i ish
rlaIK iud. fj;ska ud b,a,d iskjd'

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wjqre 65 g je ish mqrjeishka fj; cd;sl g,a yekqm; (NDI)
ksl=;a l< g Tjqkag fkdf,a fmd m%jdyk myiql N=la;sug yels jkjd'

<ud wdrlaIKh - wfma wkd.;h

377.

;sridr ixjOkh i|yd moku jkafka wmf.a <ud mrmqrhs' mQj <udh jeo.;a jkafka tla
tla <uhdf.a fi!LH iy Ydl jOkhg muKla fkdj <orejdf.a nqoauh iy ixfnj
jOkhg;a th tlfia jeo.;a jk ksihs' fuu wruqK fmr lrf.k rch iska mQj <ud
h ixjOkh i|yd weuldkq fvd, ,shk 50 la tk remsh,a ,shk 7"000 la i|yd
f,dal nexl=j iu kgu;a .siqulg t<U ;sfhkjd'

378.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" mjqf,a jHqyd;aul mKduh;a iu tk ia;SK mjqf,a isg kHIal

mjq, olajd isjQ fjki iu fukau foumshka /lshdjkays kshq;= u ksid orejka i|yd
fyd| ;;a;ajfha YajdiodhS <ud iq/l= myiql fkdue;su ixlSK .eg we;slsug fya;=
;sfhkjd tfiau kg mj;sk <ud iq/l= uOHia:dk fndfyda g wjYH fmd myiql
fkdue;su iy <uhska /ln,d .kakka ta i|yd u;a mqyqKqjla ,enQ wh fkdu;a
fya;=fjka tu uOHia:dk <uhska /ln,d .ekSug iqiq ia:dk fkdjk njg ykdf.k we;'
tuksid fm!oa.,sl wxYh iska cd;sl <ud rlaIK wldh u.ska kshdukh lrk <ud
iq/l= uOHia:dk wdrN lsug Wkka lrjkjd' ud ta i|yd hk ho nlrKfha
iqiql ,;a ho f,i bvug fhdackd lrkjd'

379.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh udi lsysmh ;=< muKla ;reK <uhs meyerf.khdu" IKh
lsu iy >d;kh lsu jeks yo ii, lrjk m%jD;a;s wmg wikakg ,enqKd'

<uhskaf.a

/ljrKh ms<sn|j rchg we;s j.lSu ms<sn| mqk mqkd lSug wjYH ke;'
inkaOjQ lsisu .egjla yqol,d f,i ie,lsh fkdyel'

<uhska

fuys ixlSK Ndjh i,ld

wkd.;h fjkqfjka my; fhdackd fhdackd lrkjd'

wdrlaIs; yd i;aldrl <ud iq/l= myiql ie,iSf wruqK we;sj mjq,aj, iy <uhskaf.a
wjYH;d ;yjqre lsug mQj <udh ixjOkh lsf rduqjla iy cd;sl ffk;sl yd
.=Kd;aul ;;a;aj rduqjla iy kshduk miqula ilia lsug cd;sl <ud rlaIK wldhg
n,h ,ndfokq ,ef' cd;sl <ud rlaIK wldfha ldhNdrh uE; ld,fha ie,lsh hq;=
wkaoka mq,a we;s neka fuu wdh;kh Yla;su;a l< hq;=hehs ud Yajdi lrkjd'

ta

fjkqfjka remsh,a ,shk 100 la taldnoaO wruqo,ska fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

<uhska /ln,d .ekSu i|yd wjYH olaI m,mqre mqoa.,hskaf.a yshla rf ;sfnkjd fuh
iuia: iudch flfrys w.;s.d n,mEula we;slr ;sfnkjd' ,hk 50 fjka lrkjd

Y%S

,xld jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wldh" cd;sl <ud rlaIK wldh iu taldnoaOj <uqka /ln,d
.kakka i|yd lk mqyqKq jevigyka ilia lsu i`oyd wdrNhla f,i remsh,a ,shk 50
la fjka lrkjd
380.

f w;r h mqoa.,sl wdh;khla <uhska /ln,d .ekSu ms<sn|j ms<s.;a mdGud,djla mj;ajd
f.k hkafka k ta i|yd oa;aj n iyk ,nd fokq ,nkjd'

65

;eme,a fiajdj
381.

oHq;a ,sms" wka;cd, myiql iy oHq;a wf,lrK lghq;= wdh ksid f,dj jgd ;eme,a
fiajh nrm;, .egj,g uqyqK we;' wmf.a ;eme,a fiajho tu wNsfhda.j,g wo uqyqK
md is'

tuksid ;eme,a fomd;fka;=j Tjqkaf.a jHdmdrhka jdKsc ugfuka l=h

fiajdjka ^Courier Services) ;;ajhg mj;kh lsu .kajkjd' ;jrg;a ;r`.ld

fkdjk Wm;eme,a ldhd, Tjqkaf.a lghq;= klrKh lr uQ,H yelshdjka ;jrg;a
Yla;su;a lsug ffOhu;a lrkjd' tfiau nexl= fjkqfjka b;sls tl;=lsug;a wfkl=;a
wkqYdx.sl fiajd iemhSu u.ska w;sfl wdodh ,nd .ekSug;a tu.ska ,dNodhS tall njg
m;alsug;a u;a lrkjd' flfia fj;;a kg mj;sk l%uh hgf;a Wm;eme,a ldhd, i|yd
rch iska lrkq ,nk fiajd tmu lrf.k hkq we;s njo wjOdrKh lrkjd'
uyck iduh iy wdrlaIdj
382.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" . ugf kS;sh" iduh iy wdrlaIdj jOkh lsf wruqKska kg

we;s fmd,sia ia:dk kS;sh yd iduh ms<sn| .re wud;H;=ud iy fmd,siam;s;=ud iu idlPd
lr fmd,sia ia:dk ixLHdj 428 l isg 600 la olajd jelsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' ta i|yd
remsh,a ,shk 1"000 l w;sfl m%;smdok ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

383.

wfma fmd,sia ks,Odka jevlrkafka w;sYh fokdld ;;a;ajhlhs'

wjia:dj, m%:ufhkau m%;spdr olajk wh jk w;r

Tjqka ks;ru yis

Tjqka Odldr fiajdjka uyckhd

fjkqfjka bgq lrkjd' Tjqkag kS;sh yd iduh wdrlaId lsug yd kk r:jdyk yeiqref
l%u ms,sn|j wLKav mqyqKq mdGud,d foaYSh yd foaYSh jYfhka ,ndug fhdackd lrkjd''
f inkaOj rf cd;sl fmd,sia mqyqKq welvh Yla;su;a lsug fhdackd lrkjd'' fuu
ldhh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 100 la fjkalsug fhdackd lrkjd'
384.

wo k jk g cd,.; ikaksfokh ^Network Communication) Wmdh ud.sl jYfhka

b;d jeo.;a we;'

wmf.a fmd,sishg fuu myiqlu Nd;d lrka rdcH wdh;k yd

uyck;dj w;r yis wjia:dj, inkalrKh i|yd fhdod .; yelsh'

f i|yd ud

remsh,a ,shk 250 l m%;smdok fjka lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

385.

wmf.a rch fmd,sia fiajdj meye,sju ykdf.k we;s w;r fmd,sia fiajfha jegqma
Iu;djhka jI folla ;=< iug lghq;= lrkq we;'

tu f. j,ska ishhg 50 la

f.u i|yd remsh,a ,shk 3"000 la fjka lrkjd'

386.

;jo tla tla fmd,sia ia:dk fjku msjeh tall f,i i,lkq we;s w;r th Tjqkaf.a uQ,H
kh hqKq lsug o fya;=jkq we;'

rdcH jHdmdr
387.

rdcH jHdmdr rcfha wdl l%fudamdfha b;d jeo.;a fldgila f,i mj;sk w;r m%Odk
lafIa;%j, ,sn, yd n,Yla;s" jrdh yd .=jka f;dgqfmd," .=jka fiajd wdh;k" c, iemhqu
jeks wxYj, md,k n,hla fyda taldld n,hla i;=j we;' lsisu rdcH jHdmdrhla wdodhu
je lr .ekSf wruqKska fm!oa.,SlrKh fkdlrk nj rch kej;;a wjOdrKh lsug
leu;shs'

ta fjkqjg rch i;= jHdmdr jvd iajdk wdh;k njg m;alsu Yla;su;a lsu

i|yd jvd WmdhYS,S m%fYhla wkq.ukh lsu flfrys rch wjOdkfhka miqjkjd'

66

388.

tfiau wdrNl mshjrla f,i rch i;= ish jHdmdr isx.mamQref Temasek Holdings
iud.ug wkqrEmSj we;s lrkq ,nk rch i;= iud.ula hglg m;alrkq we;'

fuu rdcH

iud.u hym;a uQ,H yd fj<|fmd< wdl isoaOdka; u; l%shd;aul jkq we;'

fuu

jHjidhhkays fldgia rdcH Ok Ndrhg ^Public Wealth Trust) udrelrkq we;' NdKavd.dr
f,alsjrhd iy Y%S ,xld uy nexl=f wm;sjrhd fuys Ndrlrejka f'

jHjia:dms;

ljqkais,h iska klrkq ,nk is,a iudcfha" jdKsc uKav, yd jD;a;Sh i;s
idudlhkaf.ka ie,;a uKav,hla u.ska fuu Ndrh l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nhs'

fuu

rdcH Ok Ndrh md,sfka;=j fj; j.lsj hq;=f' kj rdcH jHdmdr mk;la u.ska f i|yd
wjYH ffk;sl rduqj i,ikq we;'
389.

rdcH jHdmdrj, wOHlaI uKav, i|yd jD;a;slhka m;alrka Yla;su;a lrkq we;'

m%Odk

rdcH jHdmdr ldh idOk oYl u; ^KPI) mokj l%shd;aul lsug;a ldh idOk
we.hSug;a bv i,ikq we;'

m%Odk rdcH jHdmdr fY%aKs.; lsf ^Rating) l%ufohla

wkq.ukh lsug Wkka lrkq we;' fkdfhla fj<|fmd< WmlrK ;=,ska Tjqkaf.a m%d.aOk
wjYH;djhka imqrd .ekSu i|yd foaYSh fyda foaYSh m%d.aOk fj<|fmd,j,a j,g m%fYug
Wmld jkq we;'
390.

iajhx meje;aula we;s rch i;= jHjidhka we;slsf Yla;su;a kshduk l%ufohl
wjYH;djh wjfndaO lr.kska rch iska uyck Wmfhda.s;d fldIu ^Public Utilities
Commission of Sri Lanka) Yla;su;a lsug yd mq,a lsug wjYH kS;s imdokh lrkq
we;' fuu fldiug cd;sl c, imdok yd c,dmjdyk uKav,h" ,xld Lksc f;,a kS;s.;
ixia:dj we;=,;a jk we;s w;r tu.ska jvd;a msjeh ms<sUq lrk kso Ndjfhka hq;a ,
hdka;%Khla ykajd ug yelsjkq we;'

391.

rdcH jHdmdrj,g wod< rcfha m%;sm;a;sh wdlhg wod,j WmdhYS,S f,i isflfrk
wdfhdack u; r|d mj;skq we;' rcfha wdfhdack ixhq;shg rch i;= jHdmdr iska
mj;ajdf.k hk iy md,kh lrkq ,nk ,sn, W;amdokh yd fnodyeu" jrdhka" .=jka
f;dgqfmd," c, iemhS wdfhys flfrk jeo.;a WmdhYS,S fmd myiql muKla fkdj
fydag,a" wdfrda.HYd,d jeks WmdhYS,S fkdjk wxYj, lrk wdfhdackhka f.ka o iuka;
f'

tfiau .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska f inkaOfhka lrk ,o m%ldYfha i|yka m rch

ish wdfhdack ixhq;sh ^Investment Portfolio) u;a lsu i|yd Lanka Hospital, Hotel
Developers Pvt. Ltd. (Colmbo Hilton), Hyatt Residencies, Waters Edge, Grand
Oriental Hotel, Ceylinco Hospital iy Mobitel hk jHdmdrj, islr we;s WmdhYS,S
fkdjk wdfhdack fld<U fldgia fj<|fmdf,a 2016 jif ,ehsia;=.; lr imQKfhka
fyda wO jYfhka rch bj;a jkq we;'

fuu ,ehsia;=.; lsfuka Wmhkq ,nk uqo,a

rdcmlaI md,k iuh iska w;am;a lr.;a wl msjeh iys; Kh ksrjq,a lsu i|yd fhdod
.kq ,ef' fuu rcfha Wml%uh talmdYh fkdf' tla w;lska rch WmdhYS,S fkdjk
j;alj,ska bj;a ug miqng fkdjk w;r fj<|fmd, wlaIKh lrka rf wdl
m%;sm;a;shg wkql+, jkafka k WmdhYS,S j;alj, foaYSh yd foaYSh jYfhka wdfhdackh
lsug o miqng fkdjkq we;'
392.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fj,|fmd, , ia:dhslrKhg M,odhS f,i odhl h yelsj ;snQ ,la
if;di wdh;kh nx.,sfoaYfhka iy,a lsf,da tlla remsh,a 70 l ,g f.k remsh,a 50
67

.Kfka wf, lsu jeks wkqjk foaYmd,k ;Ska .ekSu ksid l%ufhka jejQ remsh,a ,shk
8 l Kh iNdrhla iu mj;ajdf.k hdug is we;' ,la if;di ck;djf.a jk hou
wvq lsf fuj,ula yehg Nd;d lsu w;HjYH f'

f ksid ,la if;di klrKh

lsf Wmdh ud.fha fldgila jYfhka tys Kh m%;sixOdkh lrkq we;'

fnodyef YdLd cd,h 500 olajd jHdma; lrkq we;'

ta iuu

f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la

fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

393.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ol=Kq wf.S ud.h yd lgqkdhl wf.S ud.h l<ukdlrKh

lsu i|yd fYaI ldh tallhla ^SPV) msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

rch iska wju

wdodhula iy;sl lrk fuu tallfhys wdfhdackh lsug mqoa.,sl wxYhgo ud wdrdOkh
lrkjd' fuu tallfha wdfhdackfhka Wmhd .kakd wruqo,a wm rg meg,S we;s Kh ksrjq,a
lsug fhdod .kq ,ef'
394.

fkdfrdfpdaf,a .,a w`.=re n,d.drh iq/l=lrKh i|yd (Securitization) fYaI ldh

tallhla ^SPV) msysgqug fhdackd lrkjd' fuu n,d.drfha ysld;ajfha fjkila fkdjk
njg ud iy;sl jk w;r ,xld ,s n, uKav,fha jYS,;d ;;a;ajh jehqKq lsug;a
tu.ska tys lghq;= mq,a lsug;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkjd'

395.

,xld Lksc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj ;j;a wdfhdaclhska iu iud.ula wdrN lsug lghq;=
lrk w;r tu.ska ;%sl=Kdu,fha msys kg W!K Wmfhda; f;,a gexls l<ukdlrKh
lsug lghq;= lrkq ,ef'

fuu myiqlu nka; .=oula ^Bonding Ware House) f,i

l%shd;aul jkq we;'

396.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud iy .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska rdcH jHjidhhkaf.a

iNdm;s we;= wOHlaI uKav, fj; f.jk jegqma yd ukd ksYa;j i|yka lrk f,i
Wmfoia we;' f ms<sn|j l,ska Wmfoia ksl=;a lr ;snqk;a tajd

ms,smeo fkdue;s nj

kslaIKh lrkjd' flfia jqjo 2016 ckjd 01 od isg NdKavd.drh iska ksl=;a lrkq ,nk
Wmfoia ;rfha ms<smeh hq;= jkjd'
is,a .=jka fiajd
397.

ndOdjlska f;dr .=jkahdkdj,g ksoyia .=jka l,dm ^Open Sky) m%;sm;a;shla lrd t<ug
rch woyia lrhs'

ta wkqj wka;cd;sl .=jka iud.j,g Y%S ,xldj jvd;a leu;s

.ukdka;hla njg m;alr .kakd f,ig ud wdrdOkh lrkjd'

398.

foaYSh .=jka m%jdyk lghq;= Yla;su;a lsu ;=<ska rdcH fm!oa.,sl iyfhda.S;dj u; l%shd;aul
jk kj wNHka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd,j,a ;=kla .k" n,a, iy mq;a;,u m%foaYj, wdrN
lrkq we;'

399.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm%sldj iy kef.kysr wdishdj iu .ukd .uk lghq;= m%udKj;a

f,i isjk w;r th b jir 10 ;=, jefhka jOkh jkq we;' tuksid Y%S ,xld ixpdrl
m%jOk ldhdxYhg wka;cd;sl .=jka fiajd wdh;k iu kef.kysr isg ngysrg ixpdrh
lrkq ,nk fuu ixpdrlhska i|yd Y%S ,xldj kej;=fmd,la lr.ekSug wjYH jk
l%ufohka ilia lr .kakd f,ig fhdackd lrkjd'
68

400.

foaYSh ixpdrl lghq;= m%jOkh lsf wruqKska wNHka;r .=jkaf;dgqfmd,j,a Nd;d lrk
.=jka iud. i|yd .=jka f;dgqfmd, fufyhq .dia;= (Ground Handling Charges) yd
wfkl=;a .dia;= whlsu w;aysgjkq we;' tu iud.j,g jIhlg remsh,a ,shk 1'5 la jk
n,m;% .dia;=jla muKla f.ug isjkq we;'

401.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jdksc .=jkahdkd i|yd ishhg 20 l mshdir .dia;=jla 2016 ckjd 01
jk k isg whlsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

Y%S ,xlka .=jka fiajd

402.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks tfia wdh;kh fj;ska l<ukdlrKh wdmiq ,nd.;a miq Y%S ,xlka
.=jka iud.u b;d j, f,i mj;ajdf.k f.dia we;'

tys iuia; Kh m%udKh remsh,a

,shk 158 la jk w;r thska ishhg 72 la ord we;af;a miq.sh md,k iufha wjidk jir ;=k
;=<h' fYaIfhkau fuh IK yd jxpd" {d;s;% ix.%yh" j, l<ukdlrKh ksid
isjQjla fjkjd' fuu ;;ajh wj;lafiare lsfuka furg n f.jkakkag widOdrKhla jk
nj lsj hq;=h' fuu.ska nia r: 45"000 la o ish myiql iys; YajoHd, 25 la o ish
WmlrK iys; kk wdfrda.HYd,d 30 la o ksjdi 48"000 la blsu i|yd uQ,Hkh l< yelsj
;sK'

wjdikdjka; f,i fuh Yla;su;a lsf l%shdj,sh b;d ukao.d iajrEmhla f.k

;sfnkjd'
403.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm iska Y%S ,xlka .=jka iud.u foaYSh yd foaYSh jD;a;Sh
l,ukdlrK fYaI{hkaf.ka m%;sixOdkh lsu;a kej; ia:dk.; lsu;a lrkq ,nkafka
jvd ,dNodhS .ukdka; iys; l,dmSh .=jka iud.ula f,ih'

404.

Y%S ,xlka .=jka iud.f lsisu foaYmd,k w;fmula is fkdjk njg ud fuu .re iNdjg
iy;sl lrkjd' wm iska fuu iud.u l,dmSh m%uqLhd iy id:l ,dNodhS cd;sl .=jka
fiajh f,i kej; m;alsug lghq;= lrkjd' rch iska fuu mqkjk l%shdud.h i|yd
lem isk w;r fldf;la kSri jqj;a fuu j.lSu Ndr .kakjd'

405.

.=jka f;dgqfmd, fufyhq ^Ground Handling)" wdydrmdk iemhSu kg ,dNodhS ;;a;ajfha

mj;sk w;r tajd fjku wdh;k jYfhka ishu .=jka fiajd i|yd fiajd iemhSug yelsjk
wdldrfhka l<ukdlrKh lrkjd'

yska ,xld
406.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh rdcmlaI iufha rdcH NdKavd.drh ysia lsug fya;= jQ yska
,xld ;j;a isysjgkhls' f inkaOfhka kgu;a wm iska m%;sixOdk ie,iq ilia lr
we;s w;r ta wkqj yska ,xld ieris,s ke;s nc thd,hska tlla f,i kej; ia:dk.;
lrkq we;' tys fufyhq fYaIfhkau wNHka;r .=jka .uka flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrk
w;r tys .=jka lghq;= f;dard.;a wka;cd;sl .=jka ud. lsysmhlg iSud lrkjd'

u;a;, .=jka f;dgqfmd,

407.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" u;a;, .=jka f;dgqfmd, wo k jk g iq w,sfhl= njg m;a we;'

.=jka f;dgqfmd, blsu i|yd ,nd.;a Kh fya;=fjka iuia; rgu Khlrefjl= njg m;aj
;sfnkjd' wm rch u;a;, .=jka f;dgqfmd, rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl iyfhda.s;djhlska fjkia
l%shdldrl i|yd fhduq lsug wfmalaId lrk w;r .=jka f;dgqfmd, kshuq mqyqKq lghq;="
69

.=jka hdkd i|yd myiql ie,iSf ldhhka" .=jka nvq fiajd wd jYfhka jk lghq;=
i|yd Nd;d lrkq we;'
408.

tfukau u;a;, .=jka f;dgqfmd, .=jka nvq fufyhq flakaia:dkhla f,i Nd;d lsug
fhdackd lrkjd'

fuu ldhh ffOhu;a lsu i|yd lsf,da .a?uhla i|yd weuldkq

fvd, Y; 4 l nyd .dia;=jla whlsug fhdackd lrkjd'

409.

mshdir mqyqKq mdi,a kv;a;= w;ajehdj iy mQK w;ajehd myiql u;a;, .=jka
f;dgqfmd, ;=, fm!oa.,sl wxYh u.ska wdrN lsu ffOhu;a lsu i|yd fhdackd lrkjd'

M,odhS iudc wdrlaIK cd,hka

410.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fuu rch O wjodk ;;a;ajhka hgf;a myiqfjka f.dre h yels
iudc lKavdh wdrlaId lsu i|yd iudc wdrlaIK cd, hdka;%Khla l%shd;aul lsu i|yd
lem is' mj,a tallhla i|yd rch ,ndfok ukd .=ld,Skj je we;s w;r 2015 jIh
.;fyd;a re',shk 383 la u f i|yd fjkalr we;s w;r 2016 jIfha f i|yd jk hou
remsh,a ,shk 420 la olajd jelr we;' fuu mjq,a tallhla i|yd yqjudre ;=, iuDoa
fmdfydr iykdOdr" Y%du jegqma jeks iudc wdrlaIK fhdackd l%u wka;.;h' flfia jqjo
fuu fhdackd l%uj, mj;sk wldhlaIu;d .eg yd i;H jYfhkau Wojq wjYHjk msia
lrd ,d ug Ialr;d we;s njg Tn tl jkq we;' m%;s,dNSka ykd.ekSf wl%uj;a nj
jejk Iudpdrhkag uq,a we;s w;r i;H jYfhkau wjYH;djh mj;sk msi uq
ck.ykfhka b;d iq msilg iSud we;'

411.

fuu fhdackd l%u iudf,dapkh lsug ld,h meK we;s nj ud Yajdi lrkjd'

.re

l:dkdhl;=uks" iudc wdrlaIK l%u wmyiq ;djhg m;a lrk m%Odk .eg fol jkafka ksis
m ykd.ekSug yd iudc m%;s,dN mk;la hgf;a wduka;%Kh l< yels m%udKj;a fkdjk
m%;s,dN yqjudrej f'

fuu hdka;%Kh Yla;su;a lsu i|yd fcHIaG mqrjeishkaf.ka

iuka; wmf.a iudc cd, iy .%du ks,Od we;= m%N+jreka wmf.a iudc wdrlaIK fhdackd
l%u m%;s,dNSka ykd.ekSu i|yd fhdod .ekSug fhdackd lrkjd' tfukau ishu f. rg
;=, ys we;s nexl= YdLd moaO;sh ;=,ska f.ug;a fhdackd lrkjd' jvd kso Ndjhlska
hq;a fuu l%uh ndOdjlska f;drj ldka iy IKfhka f;drj m%;s,dN .,dtau i|yd bv
i,ikq we;'
412.

wmf.a rch ish iudc wdrlaIK fhdackd l%u iajfoaY lghq;= wud;HdxYh hgf;a ;ks
wdh;khlska kshdukh l< hq;= njg Yajdi lrkjd'

413.

fuu fhdackd l%u ldhlaIuj lsfuka wm iudcfha mSvdjg ,la we;s lKavdh j,g jvd
by< m%;s,dN ,ndug yelsjkq we;'

tys im%odhslj wdnd; fi!LH myiql" wOHdmk

wdOdr" jeyshkag ,ndfok m%;s,dN muKla fkdj wmf.a iudc wdrlaIK cd,h" /lshd
wys we;= wjia:d o wdjrKh jk ugug mq,a jkq we;'
rdcH uqo,a
414.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rch iska lrkq ,nk , .ekS inkaOj Yla;su;a fukau
fr.=,dis wm iska n,d;aul lrkjd' w.ue;s;=ud iska m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,o cd;sl
m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkfha i|yka lrk ,o m uOHu m%imdok f,al ldhd,hla msysgjkq
we;' tu.ska rcfha fldka;%d;a;= mskeu wlaIKh lrk w;r ksYa; jkdlulska by,g
jk ishu m%imdok lghq;= islrkq we;'
70

415.

miq.sh jI lsysmh ;=, l%Shd;aul lrk ,o jHdmD;s j,ska fndfyduhla kso Ndjfhka
f;drj yd ;rld , .ekS l%shdj,shg wkq.; fkd , le|jq j,ska f;drj bm;a
flrk fhdackd ^Unsolicited Proposals) u.ska l%shd;aul lr we;'

f fya;=j ksid wm

rgg w;sYd, uqo,la iuyr jHdmD;s i|yd f.ug is we;' rcfha fgkav i|yd b,a
lsf wkq.ukh l< hq;= l%ufoh ms<sn|j fm!oa.,sl iud. iy fldka;%d;alrejka
kqj;a lsu msKsi lgqjla m;alrkq ,nkjd we;'
416.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" uyd NdKavd.drfha f,al iska imQKfhka fyda fldgila f,i
ysld;ajh ork iud.ulg fyda rdcH jHdmdrhlg" Wm iud.ulg fyda wdY%s; iud.j,
wdfhdackh lsu i|yd NdKavd.dr f,alf.a ,s; wkque;sh fkdue;sj bv ,nd fkdfokq
we;'

tfukau lsis rcfha wud;HdxYhlg NdKavd.dr f,alf.a ,s; wjirhlska f;drj

lsisu iud.ul uqo,a wdfhdackh i|yd bv ,nd fkdfokq we;'

417.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" tfukau fgkav inkaO l%shdldrl j,g wod< .dia;= ixfYdaOkh
lsu i|yd o fhdackd lrkjd

418.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wud;HdxH iy fomd;fka;=j, we;s mdhg .kq fkd,nk ms;a;,"

;U iy jdfka jeks jH ksoNdjfhka hq;= m%imdok l%shdj,shla fyda fjkafoais lsula
;=,ska l=Kd h hq;=h' by; i`oyka l%shdj,sh u.ska ,efnk wdodhu ms;a;,j,ska remsh,a
,shk 1"500 la o jdfka j,ska remsh,a ,shk 1"000 lao jkq we;ehs weia;fka;= lr
;sfnkjd'

419.

m%Odk .Kkaf ks,Odka yd .Kkaf ks,Odka fukau rdcH wxYfha wdodh .Kka f
ks,Odka iska O rcfha wdh;k iska whlrkq ,nk .dia;= iEu jir ;=klgu jrla
iudf,dapkh l< hq;= njo fhdackd lrkjd'

420.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rcfha j;al wjNd;h we;' tuksid cd;sl j;al f,aLkhla
rdcH uqo,a fomd;fka;=j u.ska mj;ajdf.k hdhq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'

421.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" whjeh l%shd;aul lsf l%shj,sh je hqKq l< hq;= nj ud okakjd'
tneka whjeh l%shd;aul lsu 2016 ckjd udifha wdrN lrk f,i o ,nd fok ,o
m%;smdok blaujd ne` we;s lr fkd.kakd f,io wfma ck;djg jvd;a fyd`o fiajdjla
ie,iSu i`oyd ,nd fok ,o iEu remsh,lskau Wmu m%;sM, ,nd .kakd f,io ud ishu
wud;HdxYj,ska b,a,d iskjd'

422.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rdcH uQ,H l<ukdlrK ^j.lS& mkf;ys bvlv ,n we;af;a o<
cd;sl ksIamd;fhka wem iSudj ishhg 7 la jYfhks' tu iSudj o< cd;sl ksIamd;fhka
ishhg 10 olajd je lsug fhdackd lrkjd ' rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl fmd yjq,aldr;aj
jevigyka i`oyd rch ishhg 50 lg jvd wvqfjka odhl jk g lsish .dia;=jla wh lrka
fuu wem ,nd foa' .dia;=jla wh flfrka wem ksl=;a lsu msksi fr.=,dis mkjkq ,nkjd'

NdKavd.dr fufyhq lghq;= je hqKq lsu

423.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wfma rf wdodhu jelsf ldhhg wm lem iskjd'

ta wkqj

wdodh ldhlaIu;djh iy wlaIK tallhka uydNdKavd.drh ;=, ia:dmkh lrkq we;'

71

fuu.ska f.=j" iqrdn foaYSh wdodh iy ;lafiare hk wxYj,g wod< wdodh iy wdodh
inka; ldh ms<sn| uYkh lrkq ,nkjd'
424.

j;udk foaYSh wdodh fomd;fka;=j msysgd we;s f.dvke.s,af,a bvlv uu

fya;=fldgf.k

tys

lghq;=

jHdma;

lsug

wmyiq

;sfnkjd'

foaYSh

wdodh

fomd;fka;=j" iqrdn fomd;fka;=j" ;eme,a fomd;fka;=j yd cd;sl f,d;/hs

uKav,h ia:dmkh lsug yelsjk m kk ;dlaIKfhka hq;= f.dvke.s,a,la g%sfmd,s
fj<|fmd, N+fhys blrkq we;' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 2"000 la fjkalsug fhdackd
lrkjd'
425.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wdKavql%u jHjia:df 148 jk j.ka;shg wkqj rdcH uQ,H ms<sn|
imQK md,kh md,sfka;=j i;=fjhs' rdcH uQ,Hkhg wod< ish lreKq md,sfka;=jg
jd;d l,hq;= jqjo O wud;HdxY" fomd;fka;= yd rdcH jHjidh iska taldnoaO
wruqo,ska mndysrj ,e yd f. inkaOfhka md,sfka;=f md,kfhka f;drj ;u
wdh;k u.ska l<ukdlrKh lrkq ,nk ia:dms; fkdjk wruqo,a mj;ajd f.k hk nj
fmkSf.dia we;'

426.

ishu uyck wruqo,a md,sfka;=f wruqo,a ms,s.;a l%shdoduhg wkql+,j md,sfka;=f

md,khg hg;alsu iy;sl lsu msKsi ishu jHjia:dms; yd jHjia:dms; fkdjk remsh,a
,shk 80 lg wdikak jkdlulska hq;a wruqo,a iudf,dapkh l, hq;= njg fhdackd
lrkjd' tjeks iudf,dapkhla u.ska j;udkfha fuu wruqo,aj, meje;au idOdrKShlrKh
ms<sn|j jgyd .ekSug wmg yelsf' tfiau tu wruqo,aj, meje;au idOdrKSlrKh l< yels
k tu wruqo,aj,g wod, jHjia:djka j:udk wjYH;djhkag .e,fmk m ixfYdaOkh
lrkq we;'

ta iuu wruqo,aj, ,e iy f. md,sfka;=f md,khg

f.k tkq

,nkjd we;'
427.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rdcH wdh;k iska O h;, myiql ixjOk jHdmD;Ska tk uyd
mudK blsj, isg l=vd mudK bls olajd 2011 jIfha muK isg 2014 foien 31
jk k olajd O NdKav jev iy fiajd i|yd jI lsysmhla ;=, f.ug we;s b,a,S yd
,eug we;s uqo,a f jk g f. fkdlsu fya;=fjka talrdYS we;'

fuu b,a,S

uYKh fldg tys j,x.=Ndjh iy;sl lsu i|yd iy iqiq ksfoaY bm;a lsu i|yd
Y%dl f,aljrekaf.ka ie,;a lgqjla m;alsug fhdackd lrkjd'
428.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks"

foaYSh wruqo,a Nd;d lsu O lreKq u; m%udo f'

l%shdj,sh

imQK lsug muKla udi 5 isg 6 olajd ld,hla .;f' fuu miqu ;=, uqo,a
wud;HdxYhg ish kS;suh lghq;=j, iydh u msKsi kS;sm;s fomd;fka;=f ks,Odka
;sfofkl= oa;Shk moku u; NdKavd.drhg ksoyia lrk f,i kS;sm;s;=udf.ka

b,a,d

iskjd'
429.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldf rdcH wxYfha uQ,H l<ukdlrK ldhh l%ufhka ixlSK
fjka mj;S' rdcH uQ,H l<ukdlrKh rchg w;sYh jeo.;a lulska hq;a wjYH;djhla f'
rdcH uQ,H wxYfha ks,Odka mqyqKq lsu i|yd jD;a;Shuh wdh;khla fkdue;'

tuksid

rdcH uQ,H l<ukdlrKh lrk mrdih ;=, jD;a;Sh iqiql m%jOkh lsug Wmld jk
hdka;%khla rg;=, fkdue;'

tneka rdcH wxYfha uQ,H l,ukdlrK ks,Odka Tjqkaf.a

72

iqiql fm!oa.,sl wxYfha uQ,H l,ukdlrKh wruqKq lr .kska

msysgqjd we;s

wdh;kj,ska ish jD;a;Sh iqiql imqrd .ekSug fm< is'

430.

fuu miqu ;=, uqo,a wud;HdxYhg rdcH wxYfha .Kldldjreka i|yd jD;a;Sh iqiql
,ndf wdh;khla msysgqug fhdackd lrkjd' ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 50 l m%;smdok
fjkalsug fhdackd lrkjd'

431.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" NdKavd.drfha lghq;= f jk g mq,a we;'

ta i|yd m%udKj;a

odhl;ajhla ,ndu msKsi fYaIs; fomd;fka;= wjYH we;' f fya;=j ksid m%d.aOk
fj<|fmd, ldhhka i|yd iy rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl wxYh w;r inkaO;dj we;s lsu
i|yd kj fomd;fka;= folla wdrN lsug fhdackd flf'
432.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks"
fkdue;'

bvlv l<ukdlrKh lsu ms<sn| u;a m%;sm;a;shla wm rgg

tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka rdcH wxYfha fiajd iemhSu ksis m is fkdf'

fya;=j ksid rcfha wdh;kj,g bvlv l<ukdlrKh i|yd bvlv l<ukdlrK tallhla
msysgqug fhdackd lrkjd'
rdcH mmd,kh
433.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fuu rch" rcfha fiajlhskaf.a wNsudkh wdrlaId lrkq ,nk njg
fmdfrdka jQ w;r th wm bgq lr we;' iajdk rdcH fiajd fldif idudlhska m;alr
we;' rdcH wxYh foaYmd,KSlrKh u w;S;hg wh;a isoahla njg m;a we;'

434.

uilg remsh,a 10"000 la jk rdcH fiajlhkag ,nd we;s by,u jegqma jelsu is lrkq
,nk njg fmdfrdka jQkd' tu fmdfrdkaj wm iska bgql< njg igyka lsug leu;shs'
rdcH wxYfha ka j.lSu jkafka wfmalaIs; m fiajd iemhSuhs' wm ck;djf.a wfmalaIdjka
bgql< hq;=f' rdcH wxYfha fiajd iemhSu wfmalaId lrk ugug is fkdjk nj i|yka
lrkafka b;du;a lK.dgqfjks' fuu ;;a;ajh ksjer l< hq;=h' M,odhs;djh rf iuia;
wdl jOkhg n,mdk n,j;a .egjla ;sf' b laula iys; rdcH mmd,kh f
i|yd u. fmkaug wjYH jkq we;'

435.

jemqr fiajlhka iys; wdh;kj,ska rdcH fiajlhska ,ndf.k fiajlhska wvq wdh;kj,g
Tjqka fiajfha fhou i|yd rdcH ks,Odkaf.a ix;hla we;slsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

436.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" by< ho iy wldhlaIu;djh fya;=fjka rch iska jdyk ,

.ekSu yd kv;a;=j i|yd ie,lsh hq;= uqo,la ho lrhs'

f fya;=j ksid jdyk ,

fkd.ekSug ta fjkqjg fufyhq l,an l%uhg jdyk ,nd.ekSug fhdackd lr'

tys

l,an myiqlu ,ndfokakd kv;a;= lghq;= iy rlaIK jdl f. iy jdykhg wod<

wfkl=;a ho orkq ,nhs'

flfia jqjo ;ukaf.a jdykh Nd;d lsug wfmalaId lrk

ks,Odka yg bkaOk ukdjg wu;rj uilg re'50"000$- l Wmu ukdjla ,ndug

fhdackd lr' fuu l%ufoh hgf;a jirlg wju jYfhka remsh,a ,shk 10"000 l uqo,la
b;s fj;ehs wfmalaId lrkjd'
437.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rdcH wxYfha fiajd iemhqu j, ;;a;ajhlg m;aj we;' ,smsj,g udi
.Kka ;=, ms<s;=re fkd,ef' tuksid ishu ,smsf,aLk ,enqKq njg wju jYfhka k 05 la
73

we;=,; j;a kah hq;= w;r rdcH mmd,k yd l<ukdlrK wud;HdxYh iska fuu lghq;=
wlaIKh l< hq;=h'
438.

wmf.a foaY ; uKav, Yla;su;a l< hq;=h' ta wkqj fuu ; uKav,j, fiajh lrkq ,nk
wh i|yd mq,a mqyqKqjla ,ndh hq;= njg fhdackd lr'

j;udkfha fuu ; uKav,

idudlhskaf.a wOHdmkh ,nk orejkaf.a wOHdmk hoka ishhg 75 la rch u.ska orkq
,nk w;r ishhg 25 la foumshka iska h hq;=h' ta fjkqjg m<uq orejd i|yd oa;Shk
mdie,a wOHdmkfha imQK hou rch iska orkq ,ef'

fofjks orejd i|yd iy bka

miqj tu hoka ishhg 80 la rch orkq we;' f i|yd re',shk 150 la fjkalsug
fhdackd lr'
439.

wm j;ajk kk f,dalfha fndfyda wNsfhda. j,g uqyqK u i|yd rdcH wxYfha fiajl
ixLHdj wkqrEmS ke;s nj;a Tjqka tjeks ;;a;ajhka m%oYkh lrkq fkd,nk nj;a fmfka'
rdcH wxYfha ldh uKav,h wjqre 5 lg jrla iudf,dapkh l< hq;= njg wm rch Yajdi
lrhs'

440.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rcfha h;=re me ,nd f l%ufoh hgf;a h;=re mehla , .ekSu
i`oyd f jk g uqo,a f.jd we;s rcfha fiajlhskag h;=reme ,nd fok njg f wjia:df
ud m%ldY lrkjd'

441.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" cQ,s jclhska i|yd tla jrla muKla f.jkq ,nk remsh,a 250"000$- l
uqo,la f.ug fhdackd lr' ta i`oyd remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjka lrkjd'

wlrKh
442.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a Wid kvqj,ska b;s f.dia ;sfnkjd'

fuu ;;a;ajh iEu

Widhlu lsh yels w;r ta ksid ;SrK ,ndu f,i m%udo fjkjd'

hqla;sh mis|,Su

m%udou hqla;sh bgq fkdula f,i ud olskjd' wdfhdack mirh jehqKq lsfuys,d je
n,mEula islrk neka jdKsc wlrKhla yryd hqla;sh mis|,Sf l%shdj,sh f.j;a l<
hq;=j we;' tuksid jehqKq l< mmd,k mirhla i|yd Y%jH m.; ls iys; iajhxl%Sh
kvq f.dkq l,ukdlrK moaO;s msysgqug;a ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjkalsug;a
fhdackd lrkjd'
443.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a wlrK fiajd fojre uqr l%uhlg Wid meje;af l%ufohla
ke;' lkka kvq iu i|yd fojre uqr l%uhlg meje;aug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

444.

wlrK wud;HdxYh iska kg mj;akd mk;a iy kS;s moaO;s

mlaId lr wjYH m

ixfYdaOk bm;a lrk f,i ud b,a,d iskjd' fujeks kS;s m%;sixialrKhka i|yd remsh,a
,shk 500 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
445.

tfukau

wlrK

mqyqKq

wdh;kh

Yla;su;a

lsug;a

wlrK

ks,Odka

ixLHdj

jelsug;a kS;sm;s fomd;fka;=f fukau kS;s flgqm;a imdol yd rcfha ri mlaIl

fomd;fka;=f Od;dj je lsu i|yd;a remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjkalsug fhdackd
lrkjd

74

446.

Y%S ,xldj frelrK uOHia:dkhla f,i m%p,s; lsug wjYH h;, myiql kgu;a
mj;sk nj ud Yajdi lrkjd' tneka fuu frelrK uOHia:dkh u.ska wdrjq,a if
yd frelrK lghq;= b;d blauKskau wdrN lsug wjYH mshjr .kakd fuka ud wod<
n,Odkaf.ka b,a,d iskjd'

Y%du jegqma wruqo,a

447.

Y%dlhska iska ish l%shdld fiajd ld,h ;=< wm rf ixjOkhg lrk ,o odhl;ajh
ie,ls,a,g f.k Tjqkaf.a Y%du h m%S;su;a mirhla ;=, .; lsug wjYH myiql Tjqkg
,ndfok njg iy;sl lsu rchla jYfhka wm iska bgql< hq;= jkjd'

2014 jIfha

idudlhska 168"900 la iys;j wkqu; w:idOl wruqo,a iy odhl;aj Y%du jegqma wruqo,a
156 la l%shd;aul ;sfnkjd'

tajdfha iuia; j;al yd wdfhdack m%udKh 2014 jIh

wjidk jk g ms<sfj,ska remsh,a ,shk 151 la iy remsh,a ,shk 117 la ;sfnkjd'

448.

kg llre flduidia ckrd,a jrhd yryd fuu wkqu; w:idOl wruqo,a iy odhl;aj
Y%du jegqma wruqo,a j, islrk kshdukh iy wlaIKh m%udKj;a fkdjk w;r th j,
;;a;ajhl mj;sk nj;a ta ksid fuu wruqo,aj, we;s idudlhskaf.a b;sls wjodkulg
,laug bv ;sfnk nj;a i|yka l< hq;= fjkjd' tneka idud; wruqo,aj, iqrlaIs; nj
iy;sl flfrk plaIK jQ md,k m%;Ska we;=,;a kj kshduk yd wlaIK l%ufohla
ykajd f wjYH;djhka u;= ;sfnkjd' tneka fuu Y%du wruqo,a kshdukh i|yd kj
kshduk wdh;khla Y%S ,xldf msysgqug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

tfiau tu Y%du wruqo,a

kshdukh lsug wjYH kS;s moaO;shla ykajd ug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

449.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg fjku odhl;aj wruqo,a iemhSulska f;drj l%shd;aul flfrk

rcfha Y%du jegqma fhdackd l%uh fjkqfjka flfrk ho uE; ld,fha jvd;a je
;sfnkjd'

wmf.a ck.ykh b;d blauKska jhia .;u;a ta yd nekq wfkl=;a iudh

lreKq;a fya;=fjka fuu .egj jvd;a wiSre ;sfnkjd' tneka kg mj;akd Y%du jegqma
l%ufoh ms<sn|j kej; we.hSula lsu m%uqL wjYH;djhla ;sfnkjd' flfia jqjo kg
fiajfha kshq;= rdcH fiajlhskag Tjqkaf.a Y%du jegqma l%ufoh tmoafokau mj;ajd f.k
hk w;r 2016 ckjd 01 od isg rcfha fiajhg nef|k wh i|yd odhl;aj Y%du jegqma
l%uhla ykajd fokq ,nkjd' tu.ska Tjqka Y%du .kakd wjia:df Tjqkg Y%du jegqmla
f.u ikd: flfrkjd' tu odhl;aj wruqo,a rcfha Y%du jegqma wruqo,lg fhduq flfrkq
we;'
450.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" .re w.ue;s;=ud ish m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkfha i|yka l< m fiajl
w:idOl wruqo, iy fiajl Ndrldr wruqo, taldnoaO lsu lrkqfha rch iy jD;a;Sh i;s
w;r f ms<sn|j tl;djhlg meKSfuka wk;=rej muKla nj ud f .re iNdjg kaug
leu;shs'

451.

fiajl w:idOl wruqo,a idudlhskaf.a jhi wjqre 18 olajd jk orejka yg yis wk;=re"
oreKq frda.dndO yd Y,Hlu wdjrKh jk m remsh,a 150"000 la olajd jk fi!LH
wdjrKhkao udihlg remsh,a 100 la jeks kdl odhl;ajhka idudlhdf.ka whlr .ekSug
hg;aj ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

75

ldka;djka in, .ekau

452.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a ck.ykfhka wvlv jvd iskafka ldka;djka jk w;r Tjqka
f;a j.df isg we ludka;hg;a foaY /lshd j,g;a odhl ;sfnkjd'

tfia jqjo

wmf.a m%;sm;a;s imdok wdh;kj, Tjqkaf.a odhl;ajh mj;skafka wju m%udKhlh'

tneka f;a m;ajk foaYmd,k wdh;kj, ldka;d iyNd.s;ajh ishhg 25 olajd jelsug
wm rch fhdackd lrkjd'
Wmu m%;s,dN iys;j jHdmdr l%shdj,s l<ukdlrKh lsu ^Business Process ManagementBPM)
453.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jHdmdr l%shdj,s l,ukdlrK ^BPM) wxYh 2016 jIh jk g

weuldkq fvd, ,shk tll wmkhk wdodhula iy 100"000 l /lshd wjia:d Wmojkq we;'
2020 jk g fuu wmkhk wdodhu fvd, ,shk 5 la blaujkq we;ehs wfmalaIs;h' A.T.
lks wdh;kh iska miq.sh jI ;=k ;=< wLKavj ish f.da,Sh fY%aKs.; lsf Y%S ,xldj
BPM wxYfha by<u rgj,a 25 w;rg;a" .dk wdh;kh iska ish fYa%Ks.; lsf by<u
rgj,a 30 w;rg;a we;=<;a lr we;'

454.

by; lajQ wfmalaIdjka

,dlr .ekSu i|yd ksmqK;djfhka hq;= f;dr;=re ;dlaIK

fYaI{hka iEfyk m%udKhla rgg wjYH f' tneka" cd;Hka;r f,i ms<s.;a f;dr;=re
YajoHd, we;= f;dr;=re ;dlaIK wOHdmk wdh;kj,g furgg meKSug wdrdOkh lrk
w;r tu iud. kg N=la;sk n iyk .gu mj;ajdf.k hdug fhdackd lrkjd fuu
YajoHd, rdcH fm!oa.,sl yjq,aldr;aj jevms<sfj, hgf;a msysgjkq ,nk w;r rcfha
odhl;ajh jkqfha bv fyda tjeks wfkl=;a h;, myiql iemhSu f'
455.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldf f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh BPM ludka;h iska wfmalaIs;
;;a;ajhg jvd my< ugul mj;sk nj i|yka lsu wj ;lafiare lsuls' Y%S ,xldj tu
jHdmdrhg t<U we;s njg f,djg lshd mEug ka ld,h meK we;' tfiau fuu ludka;h
wfma i;H Njh lshd mE hq;=h' f;dr;=re ;dlaIK jHdmdrfha jOkh myiq lr,Su i|yd
wjYH jk mirh we;slsu fjkqfjka cd;Hka;r m%jOkh yd iu; we.hSula lrk
wNHdihla werug;a ta i|yd wmkhk ixjOk uKav,h ud.fhka rch iska uq
weia;fka;=fjka ishhg 50 la fyda remsh,a ,shk 100 la ,ndug;a SLASSCOM wdh;kh
iska ;j;a remsh,a ,shk 100 la fhoug;a fhdackd flf'

SLASSCOM wdh;kh yd

rcfha ks,Odkaf.ka iuka; wlaIK lgqjla u.ska fuys lghq;= jerg;a wlaIKh
lrkq we;'
456.

jirlg uQ,drN ishhla (.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kfjda;amdokhka yd jHjidhl;ajhka

fkdue;sj jOkhla ,nd.; fkdyelsh'

wfma ;reK WmdOdkag kfjda;amdok woyia

;snqKo wjYH m%d.aOkh ,nd.ekSf Ialr;djh ksid fujeks kj woyia jdKsc jHdmdr njg
mj;kh lsug wjia:djla fkd,ef'

tneka m%d.aOkh fkdue;sf .egjg iula

f,i yd WmdOdka Tjqkaf.au iud. werug ffOhu;a lsu msKsi rdcH nexl= yryd
Kh fhdackd l%uhla we;s lsug fhdackd flf' tu Kh ,ndfokqfha tla woyila i|yd
tla mqoa.,fhl=g jir 03 l ld,hla ;=, Wmu jYfhka re',shk 1'5 la f,igh' tu Kh
wju jYfhka WmdOdka 1000 la i|yd ,ndug wfmalaId flf'

jHdmdr ie,eiaula u;

muKla mokj fuu Kh ,ndfok w;r ta i|yd wem iq/l= wjYH fkdf'
76

wmkhk

ixjOk uKav,h hgf;a l%shd;aul jk" YajoHd, wdpdhjre" ludka; lafIa;%fha

oaj;=ka yd rcfha ks,Odkaf.ka iuka; lgqjla u.ska jHdmdr ie,eiau wehSug ,lajkq
we;'

fuu Kh rcfha mQK wdrlaIKh hgf;a ,ndfokq ,nhs'

f wkqj jirlg

uQ,drNhka ishhla we;s lsug yelsfj;ehs wfmalaId lrkq ,ef'

457.

uQ,drN we;s lsf mir Yla;su;a lsug rch lem isk nj i|yka l< hq;=h' tneka
foaYShj ls%hd;aul lrk foaY iud. yd foaYSh iud. iska WmdOdkaf.a uQ,drNl
iud. ^Angel Investors) mdYjlrejka jk wdfhdaclhska uQ,H myiql ie,iSfuka" u
fmkafuka yd Wmfoia iemhSfuka iyh jk fjk;a kEu jHjidhlhl= i|yd wdfhdack
iyk ,ndug i,ld n,kq we;'

458.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rchla idudkHfhka f wdldrhg l%shdldj ludka; i|yd

mdYjlrejl= jk wjia:d r, nj Tn;=udo ms,s.kakjd we;' flfia kuq;a" fuh i;H
jYfhkau rch iska fm!oa.,sl wxYh wm rf wdl ixjOkfha kshuqjd lsug myiql
i,ik nj fmkaf fyd|u WodyrKhla nj lsj hq;=h'

fhda; jHjia:d ixfYdaOkhka

459.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wdl ixjOkh yd iudc idOdrK;ajh ,d lr .ekSu i|yd

f.j;a Ndjh" ldhlaIu;djh iy ksjer ;SrK .ekSu w;HjYH fukau b;d jeo.;af'
wfma rch rf mj;akd kS;s ;s moaO;sh iudf,dapkh lsug lem iskqfha hqla;sh"
idOdrKj l%shd;aul lrk l%ufohla we;slsug iy i;s .Kkla ;=, fkd tfiak udi
.Kkla ;=, kuq;a wjqre .Kkla ;=, fkdjk ldhlaIuj u;fNao yd kvq lghq;= ksYaph
lrk l%ufohla ia:dms; lsughs' wfma kS;s moaO;sfha ldhlaIu;djh jehqKq lsu cd;sl
wdlh .ekaula jk w;r wfma ixjOk wruqKq bgq lr .ekSu i|yd msgqjy,la jkq
we;'

460.

wfma ldhhkag wod<jk fyda wfma Ih m:hg wh;a kS;s iudf,dapkh lsf ldhh uf.a
wud;HdxYh kgu;a wdrN lr we;'

fuhg foaY ksuh md,kh" nlrKh" f.=j"

iqrdn" fiajl w:idOl wruqo, iy fiajl Ndrldr wruqo,

bv ^neyer lsu md,kh

lsf mk;&" W!K Wmfhda; j;al iy W!K l%shdld wdh;k mqkreoh lsf mk;
iqNidOl m%;s,dN mk; iy fmd .siq mk; wdh fuhg we;=,;af' tfiau rdcH
fm!oa.,sl yjq,ald;ajh inkaOfhka wmg u;a fr.=,dis fkdue;s nj uu kslaIKh
lr'

tneka rdcH fm!oa.,sl yjq,ald;ajh i|yd fyd| ffk;sl mirhla we;s lrk

u;a kS;suh mirhla ilia lrk f;la wka;ld,Sk udf.damfoaY ksl=;a lsug uu
fhdackd lr' ;jo cd;Hka;r frelrK l%shdj,shg uqyqK ug is jQ g rchg ta i|yd
Yd, jYfhka uqo,a jeh lsug isf'

tjeks frelrKhka i|yd fndfyda g remsh,a

,shk 100 l g je uqo,la jeh lsug isf' wlrK wud;HdxYh iska bm;a lr we;s
cd;Hka;r frelrK uOHia:dkh Y%S ,xldf msysgqf fhdackdjg wmso iyh m,
lrkafkuq' th msysgqu i|yd wm kgu;a im;a imhd we;s w;r cd;Hka;r frelrK
l%shdj,s fj; fhduqfuka yels iEu gu j,lsk f,ig bfha rdcH wdh;kj,g Wmfoia
fokq ,ef'

77

m%jdyk lafIa;%h
461.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" m%jdyk lafIa;%h b;d lkka ilia lsu wjYHhs' u;a r:jdyk
ie,eiaula wkq.ukh lr fkdue;su fya;=fjka" wmf.a ud. ;onohg ,laj we;' m%jdyk
lafIa;%fha jOkh;a iu kshduk hdka;%Kh we;s fkdue;'

462.

f inkaOfhka ;%S frdao r:" l=,S r: iy mdie,a jEka r: iy NdKav m%jdykh i|yd wod,
jk kS;s ;s we;=,;a lsug cd;sl m%jdyk fldif Ih m:h mq,a lsug mk;g wjYH
ixfYdaOk lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

ud. m%jdykh
463.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg Y%S ,xld .ukd .uk uKav,h wju jYfhka remsh,a ,shk 4'5
la tla r:hla < .ekSu i|yd ho lrhs' flfia fj;;a Y%S ,xld .ukd .uk uKav,h
kg iqka nqka f,i l=Kkq ,nk mrK nia peis nia r: ksIamdokh i|yd fhdod .; yels
nj;a" tu.ska nia r: , .ekSu i|yd ho lrk uqo,ska fldgila b;s lr.; yels nj;a
uu fhdackd lr' tneka" Y%S ,xld .ukd .uk uKav,hg nia r: ksIamdokh lsu i|yd
yelshdjla we;s foaYSh iud. iu taldnoaO ud. m%udKh i|yd iqiq niar: ksIamdokh
lsug we;s wjia:d fidhd ne,Sug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

464.

tfiau" ishu rdcH wdh;k iska ;u wdh;kj, wn,ka ;;ajhg m;aj we;s ishu jdyk
iqiq m neyer lrk f,i uu fhdackd lrkjd'

465.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" km;d wmg ;%sfrdao r: inkaO jdyk wk;=re .ek wikakg
,efnkjd' ;%sfrdao r: rf .ukd.ukh i|yd Yd, odhl;ajhla imhd ;sfnkjd' fuu ;%S
frdao r: 280 is,skavr Od;djla iys; frdao y;f jdyk f,ig mj:kh lsug ld,h
ka meK we;s nj ud Yajdi lrkjd'

f i|yd iykodhS Kh l%uhla ilia lsug ud

fhdackd lrkjd'
466.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" n,Yla;sh b;s lr .ekSug iy mir ydksh wju lr .ekSu i|yd ;%S
frdao r: bkaOk Nd;fhka bj;aj ,sfhka Odjkh l< yels f,i mj:kh lsug ;%S
frdao r: yshka u;a lrkjd' f wkqj .dia;= g iys; ;%s frdao r: ,sfhka Odjkh
lsug yels jkfia mj:kh lsu i|yd remsh,a 150"000 l iykodhS Kh uqo,la ,nd ug
ud fhdackd lrkjd' f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 50 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

467.

rg;=, ,shdmx we;s ishu jdyk i|yd fkdf,a r:jdyk ixfla; WmlrKhla
^Traffic Encoder) i lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuh r:jdyk l<ukdlrKh lsug
iy jdyk fidrl j,ska j,lajd .ekSug fukau wdlh hqKq ug o bjy,a fjkq we;'
ta wkqj f i|yd remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

h
468.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm rg;=, we;s h ud. lsf,dag 1"567 la f' fu;r ie,lsh
hq;= m%udkhla jk h ud.h ;=, klg Odjkh jkafka b;d iS; h m%udKhls'
tuksid fuu h ud.h NdKav m%jdykh yd ixpdrl ludka;h i|yd .dia;=jlg hg;aj
yjqf,a Nd;d lsug mqoa.,sl wxYhg bvlv ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu.ska Wmhkq
,nk wdodhu h m%jdyk l,ukdlrKh Yla;su;a lsug;a" h;, myiql ixjOkh
78

lsug;a fhdod .kq ,ef' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a h fiajh ;=, m%Yia; f,i
m%fhdackhg fkd.;a j;al rdYshla talrdYS we;'

tneka tf,iska W!K Wmfhda;

j;al j,ska Wmu m%fhdack .ekSu i|yd Wmdhud. ykd .ekSu i|yd idudlhska 5
fofkl=f.ka iuka; h ixjOk iNdjla ^Railway Devoploment Council) msysgqug
fhdackd lrkjd'
469.

Y%S ,xld .ukd.uk uKav,h Tjqkaf.a mrK niar: peis kej; Nd;h i|yd wkq.ukh
lrkq ,nk m%;sm;a;sh h fomd;fka;=jg Tjqkaf.a mrK h ue inkaOfhka
Nd;d lrk fuka ud fhdackd lrkjd'

470.

le<Ksje,s h ud.fha .uka lrk u.Ska ixLHdj ie,ls,a,g .kska m%jdyk Od;dj
je lsug yd f.fhka Odjkh lsug yelsjkfia tu h ud.h klrKh lsug
remsh,a ,shk 1"500 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

471.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" h ia:dkj, fukau nia kej;=j, jdyk kj;d ;nd hdf ^Park
& Ride) myiql we;s lsu u.ska jvd fyd| r:jdyk l<ukdlrKhg bvlv ie,fik
w;r u.shdg o myiqj ie,fik w;r ,dNodhS o f' tneka cdwe," wiaidf,a," mdkr"
lvj; iy ms<shkao, jeks f;dard.;a k.rj, h" yd nia r: m%jdykh hqKq lsu i|yd
m%jdyk wud;HdxYhg remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' jdyk kj;d
;nd hdf myiql ie,iSfuka miq k.rhg tk jdyk wju jYfhka u.Ska 4 fofkl=j;a
m%jdykh l< hq;= jk w;r tfia fkdlrkakka i|yd .dia;=jla wh lrkq we;'

fuu

hdka;%Kh 2016 iema;en udihg fmr l%shd;aul jkq we;'

472.

f w;ru" h u.ska NdKav m%jdykh u;a lrk w;r th m%jdyk hou wvqug
fya;=f'

473.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" tfiau uyj jjqkshd iy hdmkh olajd h ud.h jehqKq lsug
uu fhdackd lrk w;r ta i|yd re',shk 200 la fjka lrkjd'

474.

fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu yjq,a fjka tlaj .uqj" lgqkdhl iy fld<U iy lvj; inkaO
lrka fudfkda f,a ^Monorail) moaO;shla fm!oa.,sl wxYh iu. lghq;= lrk f,i rdcH
wxYh u;a lrkjd'

c,ud. yryd m%jdykh

475.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fYaIfhka fld<U k.rh wdY%s;j we;s c,ud. Nd;d lrka c,
ud. yryd m%jdyk lghq;= l%shd;aul lsug mqoa.,sl wxYhg wdrdOkd lrkjd'

476.

ixpdrlhskag O;ajhlska hq;= w;sfl fiajdjka iemhSf wjYH;djh imqrd .ekSu i|yd
jdhqmdhk ^Hovercrafts) iy c, wdY%s; l,am l%Svd wjYH;djhka ykajdug mqoa.,sl wxYh
u;a lr'

fuu hdkd .uqf isg fld<U olajd;a" fld<U isg .d,a, olajd;a tfiau

mrdl%u iuqh jeks je wdY%s;j;a iqiq m l%shd;aul l< yelsh'

477.

c,wdY%s; m%jdykh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 250 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
79

kdl wdlh
478.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" fmr. yd wmr. wgj,a inkaO lrka fjk kdl .uka ud.hg
b;d wdikakj Y%S ,xldf N+f.da,Sh msysu ksid wmg kdl flakaia:dkhla ug we;s
bvlv b;d Yd,hs'

479.

tneka wm f.da,Sh jkdl odu olajd jOkh u b;d jeo.;a jk w;r tu.ska kdl
flakaia:dkh ;=, Yd, bvlvla i,id .; yels jkq we;'

f wkqj kdl wdlhla

f.dvke.Su i|yd ke yshka wdlIkh lr .ekSug yels mirhla we;slr .ekSu b;d
jeo.;af'
480.

m%Odk m%;ske.; lsf flakaia:dkhla f,i ixjOkh ugk m%;s ke.; lsu iy
nyd Nd;d fkdlr islrk ke .; ls mq,a l< hq;=h' 2025 jk g f,dalfha m%Odk
m%;s ke.; lsf jrdhj,a iai w;rg meKSug wm b,lal lr .; hq;=h'

481.

f i|yd mhka; l%shd;aul lrkakka ke yshka u; hefmkq we;s w;r f fjkqfjka

lr we;s rdcH wdfhdack kej; wh lr .ekSu Wfoid rf jHdmdl lghq;= ;jrg;a
jOkh l< hq;=h'

rch iska kk kS;s u.ska md,kh jk ke uQ,Hkh lsu" ke

w;ajehd lsu" ke ,shdmx lsu" kej,g bkaOk iemhSu iy wdrjq,a frelrk

lghq;= yd inka; fiajd u;a lrkq ,ef'

l,dmh ;=, fuu jHdmdrh i|yd we;s

;r`.ld;ajh jefjka mj;S'

482.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xld kdl yuqodj uqyq wdrlaIdj iemhSu i|yd wjYH Yla;sh
w;am;a lrf.k we;' f inkaOfhka Y%S ,xld kdl yuqodj iu taldnoaO lghq;= lrk
f,ig fm!oa.,sl wxYfha jHdmdr fj; uu wdrdOkd lr'

iemhq fiajd
483.

Y%S ,xldj flakaia:dkhla lr.kska Od;djh iy kug wod< fiajdj jHdma; l< yels
f.da,Sh iemhq iud. i|yd rch mj;sk ndOl bj;a lrkq we;' fuu.ska Tjqkg idOdrK
n mirhla

hgf;a kj m%d.aOk fho foaYSh yd foaY fj<|du yryd kj /lshd

wjia:djka ysl< yels m wdfhdackhka lsug yelsjkq we;' tfiau wdfhdack uKav,h
hgf;a mj;sk l,dmj,g mNdysrj fjkuu ykd.kakd ,o m%foaYj, fuu iemhq
flakaia:dk l%shd;aul lsu i|yd wjYH kS;s imdokh lrkq we;'
kdl NdKav m%jdykh
484.

cd;Hka;r NdKav m%jdykhg we;=,;a ug we;s iSud ,sys,a lsu ;=,ska ta i|yd foaYSh
iyNd.s;ajh ishhg 75 la olajd je lsug;a" weuldkq fvd, ,shk 5 l wdfhdackhla
lsug;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= f' kuq;a fuu iud.j, fiajd kshqla;sfhka wju jYfhka ishhg
90 la i|yd foaYSh Y%lhka fhdod .; hq;=h'

;jo fuu NdKav m%jdykh ke NdKav

m%jdykh olajd jHdma; lsug;a th Y%S ,xld jrdh wldh iu taldnoaOj is lsug;a uu
fhdackd lr'

kdl lafIa;% wdY%s;j ksmqK;d ixjOkhg yd mqyqKqj .ekau i|yd"

mqyqKqj yd ta i|yd wjYH jk WmlrKj,g n iykhka ,ndug uu fhdackd lr'

80

485.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" bkahdkq id.rfha iuqSh in|;d fiajdf ^Indian Ocean Marine
Affairs Cooperation) ldhhka Yla;su;a lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 50 la fjka lsug uu
fhdackd lr'

486.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xld jrdh wldh ;=,g we;=jk nyd jdyk ks,Odjdoh ksid
wmyiq;djhg m;ajk nj ud fj; jd;d we;' tneka" tu jdyk .ukd.ukh myiq lrk
nia ud. jD; lsug;a tla jdykhlg jirlg re'100"000$- l n,m;% .dia;=jla ykajd
ug;a ud fhdackd lrkjd'

ldl ckmo iy WoHdk

487.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg wm rgys ldl ckmo 27 la we;' fjdfha myiql je hqKq

lr fkdue;s fyhska ludka;j, l%shdldrl i|yd th ndOdjla we;'

tuksid fuu

ldl ckmo ;;ajh je hqKq lsu i|yd wjYH l%shdud. ykajd ug n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjkjd'

g wu;rj" uykqjr msys f;dr;=re yd lDIsldl ;dlaIK l,dm;a iu"

ynkaf;dg" rhs.u" uyTh yd ;%sl=Kdu,fha ludka; ixjOk l,dm msysgqug lghq;=

lrkjd'

tksid fuu ckmoj, myiql je hqKq lsug;a tajd mqkre;a:dmkh lsug;a

remsh,a ,shk 500 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

c,imdokh
488.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rfgys k, c,h ,nd .ekSf myiql we;af;a ck.ykfhka ishhg 44
g muKs'

wmf.a m%;sm;a;sh jkafka jir 2020 jk g th ishhg 60 olajd je lsuhs'

remsh,a ,shk 94 jkdlka hq;a Yd, mudKfha c, imdok jHdmD;s 29 la l%shd;aul

lsug kgu;a rch ne we;' ta iuu rg;=, wod, myiql jehqKq lsu i|yd m%Odk
c,mjdyk jHdmD;s l%shd;aul flfrkq we;'
489.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rg mqrd me;s we;s jl=.vq frda.fhka wdrlaId f lk jevigyfka

fldgila jYfhka k, c,h fkdue;s m%foaYj, ck;djg Reverse Osmosis Plants ,nd ug
fhdackd lrkjd'

ud. cd,h
490.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" f jIfha uq,a Nd.fha .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska uOHu wf.S
ud.h i|yd uq,a., ;enQ nj Tn;=udo okakjd' fuu ud.fha fldgia 4 u tljr wdrN
lsug lghq;= ie,iq lr we;' thska tla fldgila blsu foaYSh fldka;%d;alrejka fj;
,nd fokq we;'

491.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" uydud. cd,h jehqKq lsu i|yd remsh,a ,shk 15"000 l uqo,a
m%;smdokh lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

fuu m%;smdokh ie,fikafka rejkamqr wf.S

ud.h blsu" .d mdrg iudka;r iuqSh ud.h ^uka v%hs&" mdkr olajd > lsu"
oUq,a, - fmdf,dkakrej" uq,;s yd hdmkh hd flfrk wf.S ud.h blsu" mduxlv"
r;au,dk ud.h > lsu" le<Ks . yryd kj md,ula blsu md, 25 la
m%;sixialrKh yd .=jka md, 3 la blsu wd lghq;= i|ydh'
492.

blsu" l%shd;aul lsu iy whs;sh mejf (BOT) moku u; fldgd mdr isg lvqfj, olajd
l=Kq u; b flfrk mdrla ^Elevated Road) blsug o wm woyia lrkjd'
rcfha odhl;ajh f,i remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la ,ndug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'

81

f i|yd

493.

fld<U fldgqj m%foaYhg m%fY u myiq lr,Su i|yd le<Ks md,u isg fld<U fldgqj
olajd kj fldgqj msiq ud.h blsug wm woyia lrkjd' f i|yd jir folla ;=,
remsh,a ,shk 4"000 l uqo,la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

rg hd lsu - W;=re kef.kysr wf.S ud.h

494.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn okajd m fld<U" l=reKE., yd uykqjr hd flfrk uOHu

wf.S ud.h blsug rch lghq;= lrkjd'

fuu wf.S ud.h rdcH fm!oa.,sl

iyfhda.S;djh hgf;a oUq,a," fmdf,dkakrej" uq,;s yd hdmkh inkaO lrka > lsug
wm woyia lrkjd'
495.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" jOkh i|yd taldnoaO m%fYhla wjYHhhs' wf.S ud.j,g je

w.hla tla lrka wf.S ud. fomi ludka; WoHdk blsug ie,iq lr ;sfnkjd' ta
wkqj T!IO iud. bxfkare NdKav ksmhq WoHdkhla yd f;dr;=re ;dlaIK WoHdkhla
we;=,;a jk m j ;dlaIK WoHdkhla o" lDIs yd c, ixialD;sl WoHdkhla o wf.S
ud.h fomi b lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

496.

wf.S ud.h i|yd wh lrk uqo, ^Toll) muKla tjeks ud. jdkscuh f,i id:lug
m%udKj;a fkdue;s nj ms<s.;a lreKls' th lemSfmfkk wdl lghq;=j, fld` kdrh
fyda jkd,sh h hq;=h' tneka th fld<U-kqjr hdmkh hd flfrk yq wf.S ud.hla
fkdj fhda; jdKsc WoHdk iu tlg neKq ud.hla f,i ie,lsh hq;= fjkjd' i;H
jYfhkau fuu wf.S ud.h jHjidhl;ajfha yd kfjda;amdokfha wf.S ud.hla jkjd'

497.

tu fhda; iud.f uQ,sl m%d.aOkh f,i 2016 jif re',shk 1"000 la fjka lsug
fhdackd flf' foaYSh yd foaYSh Khlr ksl=;a lsu u.ska uQ,Hkh is lrkq ,nk h;,
myiql ixjOk wldh fj; wemhla ,nd ug fhdackd flf'

jdud. jHdmD;s
498.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" rg wdydr w;ska iajhxfmdaIs; lsf wmf.a m%;sm;a;sh l%shd;aul

lsf jdud. yd c, im;a l<ukdlrKh b;d jeo.;af' ta wkqj l=vd mudKfha je
yd wuqKq m%;sixialrKh yd jehqKq lsu i|yd ud iska kgu;a fjkalr we;s remsh,a
,shk 2"000 g wu;rj" hdka Th jdud. jHdmD;sh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la o"
fudr.ylkao jHdmD;sh i|yd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la o fjka lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

,sn, yd n, Yla;sh
499.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" ,sn, wxYh o wdlfha lemS fmfkk wdfhdack wxYhla f,i mj;S'
tjeks ;;a;ajhla ;=, ,sn, W;amdokh i|yd jk wdfhdackj,g lsis iSud lsulska f;drj
bvh hq;= jkjd'

500.

.re l:dkdhl;=uks" im%odhsl fkdjk mqkckkSh n,Yla;s jHdmD;s i|yd fYaIfhkau

iq,x iy iQh;dm n,fhka ,sh ckkh i|yd Y%S ,xldf Nj;djh i,lka fm!oa.,sl
wxYh iy ,xld ,sn, uKav,h taldnoaOj lghq;= lrk fuka b,a,d iskjd'

fuu.ska

foaYSh ,s n, wjYH;djh imqrd .ekSug wu;rj w;sfl ,sh ;sf k foaYhka i|yd
tu m%udKhka wmkhkh l< yelsh'

82

501.

tfiau im%odhsl fkdjk mqkckkSh ,s n, ckl jHdmD;s i|yd leue;a; m%ldY lsf
,smsj,g wkql+,j 2015 foien 31 k jk g jirlg jvd je ld,hla .;jqjo ;ju;a
tajd l%shd;aul lr fkdue;s k tau; lghq;= lsu ;yk lrkq ,ef'

uy k.r iy kd.l ixjOkh

502. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" bjla njla ke;sj lrk kd.l yd k.r wdY%s; ie,iq f rf m%Odk
,laIKhla we;' f ksid .re w.%dud;H;=ud iska niakdysr m<d;a uyd kd.l m%foaYhla
njg mj;kh

lsf ixl,amh y`kajd we;' f inkaOfhka rch iska uyd k.r

ixjOkh lsu i`oyd wjYH ish kS;s ;s y`kajd fokq we;' f wkqj uyd k.r jHdmD;shg
wod< m%Odk ie,eiau 2016 imQK lsug ie,iq lr we;s w;r fndfyda jHdmD;s l%shd;aul
lrkq ,nkafka fm!oa.,sl

yd rdcH yjq,a jHdmdr (PPP) mokks' k.r wdY%s; ixjOkh

kd.l >k wm jH l<ukdlrKh jeks jHdmD;s i`oyd re' ,shk 10"000 l uqo,la fjka
lsug uu fhdackd lr'
503. tfiau ;j rg;a msis c,h iemhq je lsug;a wmjH l<ukdlrK myiql i`oyd;a
kd.l ixjOkh i`oyd;a re' ,shk 2500 la kd.l ixjOk yd c, iemhq wud;HdxYhg
fjka lsug fhdackd lr'
olaIsK ixjOkh
504. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" ol=Kq m<df;a wdlhg we;s odhl;ajh ishhg 15 muK f' flfia jqj;"
f m%udKh je lr .ekSu i`oyd je bvlvla we;s nj uu Yajdi lr' f ksid ol=Kq
m<d; ixjOkh lsf W;aidyh m%Odk jYfhkau fhduq jkafka jrdh ixjOkh iy
.=jkaf;dgqm, u.S iy NdKav Wmldrl fiajd" lDIsludka; mok lr.;a ludka;
lDIsludka; Wmldrl fiajd je hqKq lsu .%dh ikSmdrlaIdj kdr.sl ixjOkh wdh
i`oyd f' f wruqK i`oyd o ,shk 1000 la fjka lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
jhU ixjOkh
505. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" jhU m<df;a mdkSh c, jHdmD;s l%shd;aul lsu i`oyd;a jdud.
myiql hqKq lsu i`oyd;a jr ludka;h hqKq lsu i`oyd;a re' ,shk 2500 la fjka
lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
mqnqouq fmdf<dkakrej
506. .re l:dkdhl;=ud mqnqouq fmdf<dkakrej w;s.re ckdm;s;=udf.a uq, msuls' fuh ishu
wxYj, mqkjhla we;s lrk jevigykls' fuu jevigyk u.ska msis c,h iemhSu
jelsu" fi!LHfiajd myiql hqKq lsug je mqkre;a:dmkh lsug mdie,aj, fmd
myiql iy Wiia ;;a;ajfha l%Svd myiql hqKq lsu wdh wdjrKh lrkq ,ef' tfiau"
lrefj, wdfrda.H Yd,dj uq,alr.;a k.r ixjOkh" kj k.rh" ft;sydisl fmdf<dkare
k.rh kj k.rhla f,i taldnoaO lsug ie,iq lr we;' g wu;rj kafkah k.rfha
blsug fhda; jl=.vq i`oyd kg fjkalr we;s remsh,a ,shk 2"000 lg wu;rj remsh,a
,shk 10"000 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
W;=re kef.kysr ixjOkh
507. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a rch .egqld ;;a;ajhka mej;s m%foaYj, ksiqkaf.a la.ek,s
inkaOj b;d ixf jk w;r fuu m%foaYj, ck;dj jI .Kkdjla ;siafia Tjqkaf.a uQ,sl
wjYH;d je hqKq lrk f,i b,a,d iskjd' fuu m%foaY ixjOkh i`oyd rch ie,lsh hq;=
83

uqo,la fjka lsug ne` we;s w;r oamdYal yd nyqmdYal wdOdr fokq ,nk ixOdkj,
iyfhda.fhka W;=re yd kef.kysr m%foaYj, ixjOk lghq;= i`oyd wdOdr ,nd .ekSf
woyiska wdOdr fok lKavdhj, /ia 2016 jIfha meje;aug ie,iq lr ;sfnkjd'
508. wNHka;r wj;eka jQ mqoa.,hkaf.a .eg

lkka i`u i`oyd wm wemlem isuq' f

inkaOfhka wm iska Yd, mudKfha kej; mx lsf jevigyka iS.% f,i l%shdjg
kxjd ;sfnkjd' tu.ska kgu;a kej; mx we;s mjq,a i`oyd uQ,sl

wjYH;d iy

jfkdamdh wjia:d ie,iSug lghq;= lrkq we;' f inkaOj wm iska ksjdi 20"000 la
fYaIfhkau ukakdru iy uq,;s ia;%slalj, wjYH ikSmdrlaIl myiql" msis c,h iy
,sh iys;j blrkq we;' fv,a*a ceh blsu je hqKq lsu i`oyd fj,lhs is lhsia
olajd ud.h jehqKq lsu" wmjH l<ukdlrKh l%uhla we;s lsu wdh ta w;r f' f
wruqK i`oyd re' ,shk 14"000 la fjka lsug uu fhdackd lr'
509. m%foaYfha ck;djf.a cSjk ;;a;ajh by< kexu i`oyd rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha
iyfhda.S;ajfhka r;=ue ly,la Tvqiqvdka m%foaYfha ia:dms; lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
j;= h;, myiql
510. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" 160"000 lg jvd jQ j;= llre mjq,a ;ju;a j;a jkafka b;d merKs
,hska ldurj,' wmf.a rch iska j;= llre ck;dj i`oyd wvq ho ksjdi jevms<sfj,la
wdrN lsug lghq;= lrkjd' ta i`oyd re' ,shk 1"000 la fjka lsug uu fhdackd lrkjd'
m<d;a md,k wdh;k Yla;su;a lsu
511. .re l:dkdhl;=uks"

h;,

myiql hqKq lsu i`oyd m<d;a md,k wldka fj; re'

,hk 1"500 la fjka lsug uu fhdackd lr'

fYaI jHdmD;s
512. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" w;ska msysgqjk ,o fYaI jHdmD;s wud;HdxYh fj; remsh,a ,shk 150
la fjkalr fo'
513. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud iy .re w.%dud;H;=udf.a woyi jkafka cd;sl rch
msysgqfuka miq md,sfka;=f ishu ksfhda;hska hym;a md,k l%uhla fjkqfjka i;H
jYfhkau odhl h hq;= njhs'

ta wkqj uOH.; whjeh hgf;a tla md,sfka;=

ksfhda;fhl=g remsh,a ,shk 15 la ne.ska fjka lsug Tjqka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk neka ta

i|yd remsh,a ,shk 3"375 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
ixialD;sl yd l,dj
514. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a wkd.; mrmrdj i`oyd ixialD;sl Wreu ia:dk wdrlaId lsug
wm ne` iskjd' ta iu`.u rch foaYSh Ys,sm l,d yd w;al m%jOkh lsug;a tu l=i,;d
wka;cd;sl jYfhka m%oYkh lsug;a lghq;= lrkjd'
515. wmf.a .dhlhka" kjka iy wfma ;j,g i;=g yd wf,dalh f.k tk l,dlrejka
fndfyduhla Tjqkaf.a wjidk ; ld,h

f.jkafka wdmod ;;a;ajhl nj i`oyka lrkak

leu;shs' wmf.a rch iska olaI l,dlrejka fjkqfjka ;ud iskau odhl lr .kakd Y%du
jegqma l%uhla we;s lrkjd' ta i`oyd re' ,shk 15 la fjka lsug uu fhdackd lrkjd'
84

l%Svd
516. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" cd;Hka;r l%Svd ;r`.j, wmf.a olaI;d l%udkql+,j ySkfjka mj;skjd'
wo jk g wmf.a l%Svd ix. iy wdh;kj,g foaYmd,kh we;=,au ksid wlukH njg m;aj
;sfnkjd' rf l%Svdf Wkak;shg ndOd muqKqjk fuu l%uh fjkia lsug rch wemlem
iskjd'
517. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wfma rg l=vd rgla jqj;a l%Svdfjka YsIaG olaI;d ;sfnk ;reK
;reKshka wmg bkakjd' tfy;a wjdikdjlg jf.a ;reK jhfia olaI;d we;s ;reK l%Svl
l%Sldjka y`kd.ekSf u;a l%ufohla wmg keye' ta ksid wm iska je hqKq l< hq;=
olaI;d y`kd .ekSug yd fidhd ne,Sug l%uhla y`kajd h hq;=j ;sfnkjd' fuys uu Wolau
b,a,d iskjd' f ms<sn`oj Wkkajla olajk mdYjlrejkag tlg tl;= f W;= wruqK
fjkqfjka jev lrkak lsh,d' fuu W;aidyhkaj, ishu ho cd;sl cjk yd msh l%Sl
l%Sldjka iska ork imQK hou f;dard.;a l%Svd lsysmhl l%Svl l%Sldjka iy Tjqkaf.a
mqyqKqlrejka iska cd;Hka;r ;r`.j,g iyNd.sf ork imQK hou rch iska ug
ud fhdackd lrkjd'
518. fkdhqKq m%foaYj, l%Svd WmfoaYl lghq;= we;=,;aj mqyqKq myiql wdrN lsu i`oyd
fm!oa.,sl wxYh Wkka lrjkjd' f i`oyd iykodhS Kh myiql yd bv ,nd .ekSug
fhdackd lrkjd'
519. l%Svd hqKq lsug wmf.a we;s lemu wkqj foaYSh mqyqKqlrejka u.ska wmf.a l%Svl
l%Sldjkag cd;Hka;r ugug <`.d u i`oyd wjYH mqyqKqj ,nd ug foaY rdcHhka iu`.
idlPd lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
520. by; lreKq wkqj bgq lr,Su i`oyd remsh,a ,shk 1"000 la fjka lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
foaY /lshd
521. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" B<`. jir 2 ;=< /lS rlaId msula wmf.a wdlh ;=< we;s f hehs
wfmalaId lrkjd' tu ksid uu Y%S ,dxlsl Y%lhka i`oyd b,aula we;s foaY rgj,a iu`.
inkaO kqmqyqKq yd wO mqyqKq .uKsl Y%lhkaf.a wju udisl jegqm wefulka fvd,
300 lg kshu lsug foaY fiajd kshqla;s ldhdxYh Wkka lrjkjd'
522. mqyqKq yd wO mqyqKq fiajlhska f.a ys`.lu ksid Y%S ,xldf Y%lhka i`oyd ie,lsh hq;=
b,aula ;snqK;a tu b,afuka wmg imqrd,Sug yelafla ishhg 20 la muKhs' tu ksid wmf.a
;reK msia jD;a;Sh mqyqKq myiqlj,g inkaOug;a tu.ska Tjqkaf.a l=i,;d jOkh lr
foaYSh yd cd;Hka;r jYfhka jvd;a by< jegqmla ,efnk /lshd lrd fhduqjk f,i;a uu
Wkka lrjkjd'
523. tfiau" Y%S ,xld foaY fiajd kshqla;s ldhdxYh iska tla fiajlhl=f.ka tl;=lrkq ,nk
ksfhda; .dia;=j re' 15"000 olajd je lsug fhdackd lrkjd' ishu ixl%uksl fiajlhka
msg;aug fmr nexl= .sKqula" rlaIK wdjrKhla iy Tjqka ms<sno f;dr;=re ;ukaa i;=j ;sh
hq;=hs'

85

524. ixl%uksl fiajlhka fjkqfjka rlaIK wdjrK ,nd fok rlaIK ksfhda;hka f;dard .ekSf
;r`.ld iy kso Ndjhlska hq;=j f;dard .kakd l%uhla wkq.ukh lrk f,i fhdackd
lrkjd'
525. ueo fmr. Y%lhskaf.a odhl;ajh w.hlsu fjkqfjka Tjqka i|yd fjkajqk wd.uk yd
.uk ljqkagr folla nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmdf,ys jD; lsug fhdackd
lrkjd'
;sridr ixjOkh i|yd Yla;su;a md,k rduqjla
526. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" fj<|du m%jOkh lsug lemjk w;ru foaYSh jHjidhlhska wdrlaId
lsf wjYH;djh ms<sn|jo yeSfuka hqla;j lghq;= lrk w;r mdfNda.slhska widOdrK
fj<| l%shdldrl j,ska yd ;;a;ajfhka nd, NdKav yd fiajd j,ska wdrlaId lr .ekSu
ms<sn|jo wjOdkfhka lghq;= lrkjd' f fya;=j ksid m%;dmkfrda ^Anti Dumping) iy
m%;sf;da,k n ^Countervelling) i|yd wjYH fr.=,dis mekf lghq;= lk lsug lghq;=
lrkjd'
527. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg ,xldjg wdkhkh lrkq ,nk iqj| ,jqka yd ,xldf ksIamdokh
lrkq ,nk yd wf, lrkq ,nk iqjo ,jqka rf lsis wldhla iska kshdukh lrkq
fkd,nhs' f fya;=j ksid idudkH mdfNda.slhd O rgj,ska wdkhkh lrkq ,nk ydkslr
iqjo ,jqka j. iy furf jxpksl ksIamdolhska iska lrkq ,nk tjeks ksIamdok ksid
idudkH mdfNda.slhd ;ckhg ,la we;' tuksid iqjo ,jqka WmlrK kshdukh lsu
i|yd kS;s ykajd ug fhdackd lr' tu lghq;= imQK jk f;la mdfNda.sl lghq;= ms<sn|
wldh iska ishu iqj| ,jqka ksIamdokj, imQK ix>gl ,ehsia;=j wka;cd;sl iqjo
,jqka ix>gl kdulrKhg wkql+,j wdhqfo iqj| ,jqka o we;=j wju jYfhka bx.%Sis
NdIdfjka ishu ojgkj, i|yka lsug wjYH fr.=,dis .ei m;%fha m<lrkq we;'
528. wdkhkh lrkq ,nk NdKav tk lsms" iqj| ,jqka yd Iemq j. wdfhys .=Kd;aul Ndjh
iy;sl lsu i|yd Y%S ,xld m%;s wdh;kh" ldl ;dlaIK wdh;kh iy T!IO mfhaIK
ridhkd.drh hk wdh;kj, ;dlaIKsl ldh uKav, jelsfuka Yla;su;a lsug;a
ridhkd.dr myiql Yla;su;a lsug;a ud fhdackd lrk w;r ta i|yd re',shk 200 la
fjkalsug fhdackd lrkjd'
529. .re l:dkdhl;=uks"

ud iska fj<|fmdf,ys we;sjk ;r.ld;ajhg ydkslr jHdmdl

yeisu tk idOdrK fkdjk taldldrhka iqfYaIS jQ .kqfokq iy widOdrK , .Kka

;SrKh lsu we;= lghq;= kshdukh lsu i|yd idOdrK fj<| fldiula ia:dms; lsug
fhdackd lrkjd'
Y%S ,xldjg ys pka%ld Nd;h i|yd jk wNHjldYfha bvlv
530. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wmf.a pka%ld Nd;h i|yd jk wNHjldYfha bvlv Nd;hg f.k
fkdue;s w;r th kso Ndjfhka hq;=j ,xiq le|ug lghq;= lrkq we;'
we i|yd iqms idmamq ixlSKhla
531. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Y%S ,xldf we. ludka;fha fhfok ix. lsysmhla ikakdu kdu
i|yd m%fY fjka Tjqkagu wkkH jQ udj;lg wj;SK ;sfnkjd' tu ikakdu m%fYh
86

bhg f.khdu i|yd ksIamdolhska iska wjYH myiql iys; ,xldf ksIamd; ikakdu
kdu iys; NdKav wf, lsug iar m%oYk uOHia:dkhla wjYH ;sfnkjd' tfukau fuu
NdKav jgq yd ysfia isg mdodka;h olajd jQ NdKav ixhq;shlska hqla;j by< .kfha .=Kd;aul
Ndjhlska hq;= NdKav j,ska iuka; h hq;=h'
532. fuu uOHia:dkh foaYSh yd foaYSh .ekqlrejka laIKsl , .ekS islrk ke;fyd;a
foaYSh fj<|fmd, i|yd weKjq ,ndfok lghq;= i|yd yuqjk ia:dkhla jkq we;' tuksid
fuu .ukg iyfhda.h lau msKsi ielfik f;d. yd is,a,r iqms idmamq ixlSKh
wksjdhfhkau foaYSh ikakdu kdu iys; we. i|yd ia:dms; lsug fhdackd lrkjd' fuh
wju jYfhka j. w 400"000 l bvlvla iys; iqms idmamq ixlSKhla wrUk w;r ta i|yd
rch u.ska . ld,Sk n moku u; bv ,ndfokq ,nk w;r thg rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl
wxYj, iyfhda.fhka remsh,a ,shk 2500 l houla orkq we;'
iajdNdl m;a i`oyd rlaIKdjrKhla
533. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" miq.sh udi 12 l ld,h ;=, muKla l=Kdgq ksid we;sjk c,.e,Sj, isg
kdhhE olajd jk iajdNdl wdmodjkaj,g wm uqyqK kaakd'

;j,g isjQ kdYh iy

foam,j,g isjQ kdYh w;sYd,hs' rch jdIslj fuu kdY fjkqfjka jka ,ndug o
kej; bls m%jOkh i|ydo remsh,a ,shk 500 lg jvd ho ord we;'

flfia jqjo

;ju;a fuu kdYhkag f.dre jQ wh Tjqkag ys jka uqo,a ,nd.ekSu iy tajd ,ndf
l%shdj,sfhys m%udohka fuu hdka;%Kh ;=< lsh yel' tuksid tjka .eg uev,Su msKsi uq
rgu iq<siq,x" l=Kdgq" ksh" .xj;=r" kdhhE" yflaka l=Kdgq" N+ p,k" iqkd yd kEu
wdldrhl iajNdl m;a j,ska wdrlaId l, hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu.ska iajdNdl
m;a i|yd tal mqoa., rlaIK wdjrKh remsh,a ,shk 2'5 la o" ydks i|yd Wmu jYfhka
remsh,a ,shk 10"000 la olajdo" tfukau remsh,a ,shkhl ; rlaIK wdjrKhla yd
yishl frd .ekSf lghq;= i|yd jrhkag ysjkq we;' rlaIK jdl jYfhka remsh,a
,shk 300 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'

534. , 2015 09

.

, ,

13 .

. .Eia is,sxvrhl , remsh,a

300'00lska my; fy<k ,' ,
i .
535.

11 .

87

,
. 25/- . ,
1 . 75/- 85/- .
1 . 25/-
1 . 85/- 95/-
.

400 .
295/- ,
. 30/- . ,
. 100/- .

ks, 425 . 125/-

. , 425
. 15/-
.
.

ks,

. 380/-

. 800/- .

. 410/- .

.
. 130/-

. 220/- . ,
1 . 169/-
.
.

,
. 1,100/- . 425/-

88

. 220/-
. 160/- . ,
. 169/-
.

12.5 . 150/
. 10/-

, 3,000
.


.

536. ,

.

.
.

20 .
jHdmD;s l<ukdlrKh
537. ixjOk m%;sm;a;s jvd fydka ie<iq lsug yd wlaIKh lsug rf m%;sm;a;s imdok yd
Yaf,aIK l%shdj,sh mq,a lsu i|yd cd;sl m%;sm;a;s yd wdl lghq;= wud;HdxYhg remsh,a
,shk 200 l m%;smdok ,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
538. rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl yjq,ald;ajfhka l%shd;aul lrk ishu ikakdu.; ls lghq;= cd;sl
m%;sm;a;s yd wdl lghq;= wud;HdxYh u.ska inkalrKh flf'
ukd
539. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm rch iska fmdfrdka jQ m rcfha fiajlhka yg remsh,a 10"000$- l
udisl ukdjla f.ug lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd' fuu ukdj iy g fmr ,ndfok ,o w;=re
ukd folla Y%du f. i|yd i,ld n,kq ,nkjd'
540. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wm yg kj w,a,ia yd IK fldiula ;sfnkjd'

rg ;=< IKh

uq,skqmqgd ug lemfuka lghq;= lrk wm rcfha m%Odk wruqKla jkafka w,a,ia fyda
IK fpdaokd uIK fldiu Yla;su;a lsuhs'
,ndug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
89

ta i|yd remsh,a ,shk 500 l m%;smdok

md,sfka;= lghq;=
541. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn okakd m wmf.a mmd,kh lem iskjd md,sfka;= l%uh
Yla;su;a lsug'

fYaIfhka iqmlaIK lgqf wruqKq i|yd remsh,a ,shk 250 la

fjkalrkjd'
542. md,sfka;= uka;%Sjrekaf.a yelshdjka jOkh lsu i|yd f'wd'chjOk flakahg remsh,a
,shk 50 la fjkalsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
n m%;sm;a;s yd n mmd,kh
543. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" uf.a l:df f olajd lr we;s fhdackd l%shd;aul lsu i`oyd wjYH jk
wdodh fidhd .ekSf Wmdh ud. lafjk wfma ux., whjefhys jvd;au jeo.;a wxYhg wm
ka meK iskjd' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn fyd`oska okakd m wfma n l%uh h,a mek.sh"
ixlSK iy .eg iy.; jk w;r th wfhdackhg yd jHdmdl hqKqjg fm<Uula we;s
fkdlrhs' th wfmalaId lrk wdodhu Wmojkafka ke;s w;r b;s lsu i`oyd mqoa.,hka
.kajkafka o ke;' n j. rdYshla iy nyqO ia:rhkaf.ka hqla; n jHqyh

u.ska n

l%uh ixlSK ;sfnkjd' tfiau th n f.jkakka iafPdfjka n f.u o wffOhu;a

lrhs' rdcH wdodhf jOkh miq.sh jirj, f.fhka my< nei we;s w;r 1990 oYlfha uq,a
Nd.fha o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 20 la muK jQ n wdodhu 2014 jk g ishhg 11'3 la
olajd my; je ;sfnkjd' fuu wkqmd;h jOkh lsf lk wjYH;djh rch y`kdf.k
we;s w;r 2018 jk g o< foaYSh ksIamd;fhka ishhg 17 la olajd th je lsug wm b,lal
lr ;sfnkjd' tneka fuu l%ufha imQK mj;khla wjYH

nj rch y`kdf.k

;sfnkjd'
n l%uh ir, lsu
544. j;udkfha O n yd .dia;= j. 35 lska muK n wdodh ,nd .kakd w;r f ;;a;ajh
n l%uh ixlSK lr we;' tu ksid n f.jkakka iy jHdmdr m%cdjg m%;s,dNhla ie,fik
m wod< fkdjk lrorld n bj;a lsug o ud fhdackd lrkjd ta wkqj n l%uh ir,
lsf woyi fmrj my; i`oyka n bj;a lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd '
- fldgia .kqfokq noao
- bls ludka; wemlr wruqo,a noao
- iqfLdamfNda.S yd wO iqfLdamfNda.S fudag jdyk noao
- idxpdrl ixjOk noao (TDL)
wdodh noao
545. ixia:dms; wdodh noao
O uQ,dY% i`oyd O wkqmd;hka wod< lsu yd O wxY i`oyd wdh;ksl ksoyia ls is lsu
ksid mejre ," n ie,iq yd w: ksrEmK lghq;=j, we;sjk jHdl+,;d fya;=fjka .eg
u;= lr we;' fuu miqu hgf;a j;udk wdh;ksl wdodh n wkqmd; jHqyh wkqmd; ia:r
folla hgf;a tk ishhg 30 l by< wkqmd;hla yd ishhg 15 l iu; wkqmd;hla jYfhka
m%;sjHqy.; lsug fhdackd lrkjd'

by< wkqmd;h wod< jkqfha Tgq yd iQ" uoHidr"

fld<" nexl= yd rlaIK yd l,an ludka; we;=,;a uQ,H fiajdjkays yd fjf<`o lghq;=j,
,dN yd wdodh i`oydh' wfkl=;a ish wxYhka ishhg 15 l iu; wkqmd;hg hg;a jkq we;'
y`kd.kakd ,o wdh;ksl yd O .=ld,Sk iyk iy ;dlsl m%;sm;a;shlska f;drj ,nd fok
,o ksoyia ls kej; i,ld n,kq ,ef'
90

546. fldgialrejkag ish wdfhdackj,g i,k ,dNdxY ,eu ;yjqre lsu i`oyd ,ehsia;=.;
iud. fnod ykq ,nk wju ,dNdxYh" fnh yels ,dNfhka ishhg 15 la olajd je lrkq
,ef'
fld<" uoHidr iy leisfkda i`oyd w noao
547. .re l:dkdhl;=uks wdh;ksl n ixfYdaOkfhka fld<" uoHidr yd leisfkda iud.
wkjYH jdis ,nd .ekSu je<elau i`oyd iy fld< u;ameka" iQ yd Tgq ;e j,ska f;dr
iudchla ys lsf rdcH m%;sm;a;shg wkql+,j hka wdodh noafoka ishhg 25 l wnoaola
mekug o ud fhdackd lrkjd'
mqoa.,sl wdodh n
548. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" j;udkfha jdIsl wdodhu re' 750"000 blaujk fiajlhka l%ufhka
jejk noaola jk Wmhk g f.f noao (PAYE)f.ug hg;a f' tys Wmu n wkqmd;h
ishhg 16 ls' fuu n l%uh

;jrg;a ir, lsf woyiska yd n f.u i`oyd jvd fyd`o

wkq.;ula iy;sl lrkq msKsi iy ishu fiajlhkag iudkj ie,lSu i`oyd PAYE noaog
wod< kS;s ixfYdaOkh

lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fiajlhkag iykhla ,nd u msKsi

noafoka ksoyia Wmu wdodh iSudj remsh,a ,shk 2'4 olajd by< ug o ud fhdackd
lrkjd' fuu iSudj blau jQ ish wdodh i`oyd ishhg 15 la jQ tlu PAYE n wkqmd;hla wh
lrkq we;' tfiau n f.h hq;= wdodhug fiajlhdf.a ishu bmhS we;=,;a h hq;= w;r
lsis ksoyia lsula fkd,efnkq we;' fuu l%uh yd wkqmd;hka mqoa.,sl wdodh Wmojkakkag
kg mj;akd" l%ufhka je Wmuh ishhg 24 olajd jk

n wkqm%udKhka fjkqjg wod<

jkq we;' ;jo" fojeks /lshdjlska ,efnk wdodhu i`oyd o lsis ksoyia lsulska f;drj tu
wkqmd;h hgf;a n wh flfrkq we;' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" u;a uqo,a yd rdcH uQ,H
m%;sm;a;s ls%hd;aul lsu u.ska

fmd<S wkqmd; wvq ugul r`ojd .ekSug fuu jir ;=<

rchg yels we;' fuu ;;a;ajh hgf;a je m%;s,dN ,nd .ekSug yels jk

m jHdmdr

i`oyd wdfhdackh lsug wvq fmd<S wkqmd; hgf;a Kh ,nd .ekSug uyck;djg yels we;'
flfia fj;;a" fuys m%;sM,hla f,i .= ld,Sk uqo,a ;ekam;alrejkaf.a fmd<S wdodhu wvq u
u; Tjqka mSvdjg m;aj we;' tneka 2016 ckjd 1 k isg l%shd;aul jk m ;ekam;= i`oyd
jQ ishhg 2'5] jQ r`ojd .ekSf noao wfydais lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
wdl fiajd .dia;=
549. rch u.ska

,nd fokq ,nk h;, myiql Nd;d lsu fjkqfjka fuu noao mkjd we;'

j;udkfha fuu noao mkjd we;af;a mdvq ,nk jHdmdr fyda n ksoyia jHdmdrj,g muKs'
.dia;= wh lsu Yla;su;a lsu i`oyd iy fuu .dia;=j wh lsug fya;= jQ lreKq ie,ls,a,g
f.k ,dN Wmojk jHdmdrj,g fuh wod< lsug;a jirlg re' ,shk 120 laj mej;s wju
iSudjka bj;a lsug fhdackd lrk w;r wod<

jk wkqmd;h ishhg 0'5 olajd je lrkq

,nkjd' ;jo" fYaIh bhg f.k hdf ld, mfoh jir ;=klg iSud lrkq ,ef'
tl;= l< w.h u; noao (VAT)
550. miq.sh jir lSmh ;=, jka jr fhdod.kakd ,o wu;a m%;sm;a;s ksid Y%S ,xldf VAT n
l%ufoh f,i lD;s we;' wdkhk wvqfjka bkafjdhsia lsu" jkdl odufha ldkau
iy Yd, jYfhka is lrk ,o ksoyia lsj, m%;sM,hla f,i wfmalaIs; m%udkhg jvd wvq
wdodh ,e we;' .re l:dkdhl;=uks" wdodh jOkh lsf woyi fmr j fuu ksoyia
91

ls bj;a lsug uu fhdackd lr' j;udkfha l%shd;aul ;ksn wkqmd;h ishhg 0 - ishhg
8 iu; wkqmd;h yd fiajd wxYh i|yd ishhg 12'5 la f,i ia:r ;=klska hqla; jk f,i
ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef' VAT noao f.u i|yd jk wju iSudj jdIslj remsh,a ,shk 12 la
jk w;r f;d. yd is,a,r fj<|du VAT noafoka ksoyiah'

cd;sh f.dvke.Sf noao (NBT&

551. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" VAT j,g iu.dj NBT iSudjo wvq lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
wkqmd;h ishhg 4 olajd by< kexfjk w;r iuyr ksoyia lsu bj;a lrkq we;' n wkqmd;
je lsu ksid Wmojk wdodhu taldnoaO wruqo,g udre lrkq we;'
Tgq yd iQ mk;
552. miq.sh whjefhka mkjk ,o leisfkda msiq noao bj;a lrkq ,nk w;r refkdaj,g yer iQ
jHdmdrh i`oyd mkjkq ,enQ jdIsl noao re' ,shk 400 olajd je lrkq ,ef'
553. miq.sh w;=re whjeh ;=<ska y`kajd ka leisfkda jHdmdr noao fkdf.jk fyda fkdf.u
msKsi ljr fyda l%shdjla is lrk leisfkda

jHdmdrhl wOHlaIjrfhl= fyda fldgialrejl=

mqoa.,slj j.lSug nef`ok m wjYH ixfYdaOk uqo,a mk;g we;=,a lsug mshjr .kakjd'
n .eka
554. O wdh;k iska ,nd we;s wu;a yd M,odhS fkdjk n iyk bj;a lsug rch
fhdackd lrkqfha tu.ska lafIa;%fha O n ldKav we;su u.ska
;r`.ld;ajh bj;afjk neks '

jHjidhlhka w;r

tfiau " f ;;a;ajh rfgys iuia; rdcH uQ,H m%;sm;a;s n

l%uh iu`. fkd.e,fmk mirhla we;s lr we;' tneka kEu wdfhdackhla i`oyd ,nd
we;s iyk uqo,a wud;HdxYfha wlaIKh yd miq mru hgf;a mej;sh hq;= nj uu fhdackd
lrk w;r th wud;HdxYh iska ksl=;a lrkq ,nk fr.=,disj,ska md,kh h hq;= f'
fudag jdyk n ixfYdaAOkh
555. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" jdyk ,shk 6 lg je m%udKhla rg;=< fiajfha fhdojk nj jd;d
we;' ud. wk;=re o tf,iu je we;' tneka u.Skaf.a fyda wdrlaIdj inkaOfhka fukau
jdyk yd inkaO mdil lreKq flfrys o wm wjOdkh

fhduq l< hq;=h'

fuu lreKq

ie,ls,a,g f.k fudag jdyk inkaOfhka my; i`oyka fhdackd ud bm;a lrkjd '
jdyk i`oyd tall u; ksIamdok noao
556. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" n f.f lghq;=j, fudag jdyk wj;lafiare lsu ksid rchg
,eh hq;= wdodh fkd,e hk njg ,enqKq jd;d wkqj" ishu Wmdx. iys; jdykhl , n
moku f,i fhdod .kakd kj ;lafiare l%uhla uE; ld,fha y`kajd fok ,' ksh; f,i
,eh hq;=

n tl;= lsf fuu l%shd ud.h ;j rg;a Yla;su;a lsu i`oyd Od;d >k

fikag m%udKh u; mok jQ u; ksIamdok noaola y`kajd ug uu fhdackd lr' we;e

jdyk i`oyd m%;sY;h u; mokj n wkqmd; ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,nkjd'
mir ys;ld jdyk i`oyd n iyk

92

557. rfgys msis mirh je hqKq lsug rch iska mshjr .kq ,ef' wju oykhlska hq;a
mir ys;ld jdyk Nd;d lsu ffOHu;a lsu i`oyd uqukskau iQh;dmfhka" yhsv%cka
fyda yS,sh u.ska l%shd;aul jk jdyk i`oyd jk ksIamdok noao ishhg 2'5 olajd wvqlsug ud
fhdackd lrkjd'
fudag jdyk ysl iy;slh
558. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" fuu jif ckjd 29 k bm;a lrk ,o w;=re whjeh u.ska uu
jHdmdr

lghq;= i`oyd jdyk wdkhklrejkaf.ka fudag jdyk wdkhk ,shdmx lsf

n,m;% .dia;=jla wh lsug fhdackd lf<' flfia fj;;a" fuh tl iudk .dia;=jla u ksid
Yd, mudKfha jdyk wdkhklrejkag fuu.ska wh:d jdis ,nd .ekSug yelshdj ;snqKs' f
;;a;ajh hgf;a tlS n,m;% .dia;=j fjkqjg iEu jdykhla i`oydu jdyk ysl iy;slhla
,nd .ekSu i`oyd jdyk wdkhk uqo,la wh lsug uu fhdackd lr' fuu iy;slh foaYSh
wdodh fomd;fka;=j iska ksl=;a lrkq ,nk w;r jdykhla wdkhkh lsu i`oyd Khjr
,sms jD; lsf fuu iy;slh wjYH jkq we;' h;=remehla yd ;%S frdao r:hl jdyk
ysl .dia;=j f,i re' 2"000 la o fudag r:hla i`oyd re' 15"000 la o fjk;a kEu jdykhla
i`oyd re' 10"000 la o wh lsug uu fhdackd lr'
wdodh n,m;% yd mlaIdj
559. m<d;a iNdjkays wdodh je lsu

i`oyd ud. kv;a;= lsf hou yd mdil hou

ie,ls,a,g f.k ld,Skj wdodh n,m;% .dia;=j ixfYdaOkh l< hq;= f' ta wkqj" fudag
r:hla i`oyd wdodh n,m;% .dia;=j ixfYdaOkh lsug fhdackd lrkjd' mlaId iy;sl
ksl=;a lsu i`oyd wh lrkq ,nk .dia;=j re' 5000 olajd je lrkq ,ef' jdyk mlaId
iy;slh ksl=;a lsu i`oyd je mdYjlrejkag ;r`.ld f,i bm;a h yels mrs jD;
lrkq ,ef'
,shdmx lr fkdue;s jdyk ,shdmx lsu
560. rg;=, tl,ia lrk iuyr jdyk O fya;=u; fudag r: m%jdyk fomd;fka;=f
,shdmx fkdlrk nj wmf.a wjOdkhg fhduq lr we;' fj<`o jdykhla i`oyd remsh,a 750000
f.fuka o fudag r:hla i`oyd re' ,shkhla

f.fuka o 2016 ud;= 31 kg fmr tu

jdyk ,shdmx lrk f,i tjeks jdyk yshkaf.ka ud b,a,d iskjd'

561. foaY ksuh bmehSu i`oyd o jhsfka mj;sk

md lrk ,o jdyk ixLHdj wju lsu

i`oyd o tjeks jdyk w;ajehd lsfka miq wmkhkh lsug uu fhdackd lr' fuu.ska
fudag ldl lafIa;%hg inkaO l%shdldrl jehqKq

jk w;r kj /lshd wjia:d o we;s

lrkq we;' fuu fhdackd l%uh hgf;a tla wmkhklrefjla iska wmkhkh flfrk iEu
jdyk 20 la i`oydu tu wmkhklrejg

ishhg 50 l n jdishla hgf;a tla jdykhla

wdkhkh lsug wjia:dj ,nd fokq we;' tfiau md l< jdyk wdkhkh fldg
w;ajehd lsfuka miq wmkhkh lsug we;s yelshdj fidhd ne,Sug fm!oa.,sl wxY
.kajkq ,ef'
562. iqms jdyk wxl ;yvq l%uhla y`kajd ug o uu fhdackd lr' fuu wxl wjYHjkafka k
fjkafois l< yels f'
iykodhS n,m;% l%uh
93

563. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" iykodhS n,m;% l%uh foaYmd,kSlrKh we;s w;r fnfyka wjNd;d
lr we;' tfiau tu.ska rchg jdIslj remsh,a ,shk 40 l muK wdodh wysula o is
f' md,sfka;= uka;%Sjreka we;=j O fhdackd l%u hgf;a jdyk n,m;% ksl=;a lsu
wfydais lsug fhdackd lr' iykodhS jdyk wdkhk yslu ,nd ;S fuu fhdackdj hgf;a
tu iykh ,nd .ekSu wys .sh rcfha ks,Odkag tu m%;s,dNh wysu fjkqfjka uQ,H
iyk ,nd fok njg ud iy;sl fjkjd' flfia fj;;a 2016 ckjd 01 fkka miq rdcH
fiajhg nef`ok whg fuu f.u wod< fkdjkq we;' ;jo" rchg , .kq ,nk ishu
jdyk wod< ish n j,g hg;ah hq;= w;r ta i`oyd wjYH m%;smdok whjeh hgf;a ,nd fokq
we;'
fl% ldm;a i`oyd jQ uqoaor .dia; wvq lsu
564. j;udkfha fl%ldm;a u.ska lrkq ,nk , .ekS i`oyd ishhg 1'5 l uqoaor .dia;=jla
wh lrkq ,ef' fl% ldm;a u.ska flfrk foaYSh , .ekS i`oyd fuu uqoaor .dia;=j
bj;a lsug fhdackd lrk w;r foaYj, flfrk , .ekS i`oyd wh flfrk uqoaor
.dia;=j ishhg 2'5 lska je lsug fhdackd lrkq ,ef'
ukar noao
565. w;=re whjeh u.ska y`kajd fok ,o ukar noao ;jrg;a n,meje;afjk w;r th iydm;H
ksjdi tall i`oyd wod< fkdf'
f.= .dia;= jHqyh m%;sixOdkh
566. f.= .dia;= f,i kg f.= n ia:r 4 la l%shd;aul f' tk ksoyia " ishhg 7'5" ishhg 15 yd
ishhg 25 iy ksYa; by< m%udKhka f' 7000 la muK jk ixfhda; j.SlrK wxl w;ka
ishhg 50 la muK whs;uhka i`oyd wod< jkafka Y=kH n wkqmd;hlah' NdKavj,ska ishhg 2
la muK ishhg 7'5 ia:rhg wh;a f' fuu f.= n ia:rhka ;jrg;a ir, lrkq msKsi ishhg
7'5 ia:rh bj;a lsug

ishhg 25 ia:rh ishhg 30 olajd by< kexug o ud fhdackd

lrkjd' f wkqj Y%S ,xldf Y=kH m%;sY;h;a ishhg 15 yd ishhg 30 jYfhka ia:r ;=kla
iys; f.= n jHqyhla mj;skq we;'
jrdh yd .=jkaf;dgqm, ixjOk .dia;=
567. jrdh yd .=jkaf;dgqfmd, ixjOk noafoka ksoyia bls" mY= im;a iy lDIsludka;hg
Nd;d lrk hkaf;%damlrK yer wfkl=;a NdKav i|yd jrdh yd .=jkaf;dgqfmd, ixjOk
noao ishhg 5 isg ishhg 10 olajd je lsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
u;ameka u; n
568. .re l:dkdhl;=uks"

u;ameka u.ska 2015 jif tl;= lrk ,o wdodhu re' ,shk 100 la

muK f' kS;s frda yd wkjir u;ameka ksid iy iqrdn wdodhu tl;= lsf mj;sk
wvqmdvq u; ta yd iudk m%udKhl wdodhula rchg wys jk njo uu Yajdi lr' 2015 jir
;=< f m%jK;djh h ;rulska msgq lSug wmg yels jQ

nj uu i;=ka i`oyka lr'

wkjir u;ameka ixirKh j,lajd .; yelafla k wmg ;j;a remsh,a ,shk 100 la tl;= lr
.ekSug wfmalaId l< yel' f i`oyd uu my; fhdackd bm;a lr'
wdrlaIs; ialrhla
569. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" n f.jk ,o iEu u;ameka fnda;,hlau wdrlaIs; ialrhlska f,an,a
lsug uu fhdackd lr' iqrdn ks,Odkag n f.jk ,o u;ameka fnda;,a myiqfjka
94

y`kd.ekSug fuh Wmld f' rcfha m%imdok l%ufoh hgf;a cd;Hka;r ;r`.ld ,
.Kka le`ou u.ska ksoNdjfhka hqla;j fuu ialrh ksmojkakka f;dard .kq ,ef' fuu
Odkhka l%shd;aul lsu u.ska kS;s frda u;ameka mdfNda.slhkag iemhSu kj;skq we;'
u;ameka ksIamdok n,m;% .dia;=j je lsu
570. iald.drhla i`oyd jdIsl u;ameka ksmof n,m;% .dia;=j re' ,shk 150 olajd je lsug
uu fhdackd lr' tfiau" j;udkfha l%shd;aul jk fnda;,hla i`oyd n,m;% .dia;= f.f
ixfla; l%uh fjkqjg u;ameka ksIamdolfhl=f.ka remsh,a ,shk 150 l uqo,la jdIslj wjir
m;% .dia;=j f,i wh lsug uu fhdackd lr' u;ameka i`oyd ksIamdok noao wo uOHu rd;%sfha
isg ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef'
n,m;% l%uh ir, lsu
571. ixlSK jQ n,m;% ksl=;a lsf l%ufoh ir, flfrk w;r" l=Kq i`oyd wod,jk ld,h
inkaOfhka ;snQ h iSudjka bj;a flf'
f.h hq;= wju iqrdn
572. uoHidr ksIamdokh lrk iy iald.dr o whs;s wdh;kj,ska remsh,a ,shk 250 la iy uoHidr
ksIamdok muKla is lrk wdh;kj,ska remsh,a ,shk 50 l wju udisl iqrdnoaola tl;=
lsug wjYH m%;smdok i,id .ekSug yelsjk m iqrdn wd{dmk;g wjYH ixfYdaOk
y`kajd fokq ,ef'
u;ameka u; jk wdkhk n je lsu
573. u;ameka mdkh wffOhu;a lsu i`oyd jk rcfha m%;sm;a;shg iu.dj wdkhkh lrk
u;ameka u;o n je l< hq;= fjkjd' tneka foaYShj ksmojk u;amekaj, , je lsug
wkqrEmj ishu j.j, wdkhksl u;amekaj, , je

lsug wkqrEmj" ishu j.j,

wdkhksl u;ameka u;jk n iy wdkhkh lrk ,o t;fkda,a u; mekfjk n je lsug

ud fhdackd lrkjd'
foaY u;ameka wdkhkhg n,m;%
574. kg foaYShj

ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk u;ameka m%jdykhg wjir ,nd we;af;a f;d. ,Sg

10la olajd m%jdykhg muKs' flfiajqjo" wdkhksl u;ameka m%jdykhg tjeks iSud ls lsisjla
mkjd fkdue;' tneka foaYShj ksIamdokh flfrk u;ameka m%jdykhg mkjd we;s l%ufoh
tmoafokau wdkhkh lrk ,o u;ameka i`oyd o wod< lr.; hq;= njg ud fhdackd lrkjd'
fld< u; f.= n
575. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" jI 1990 uq,a ld,fha foaYSh" jdIsl is.r mfNdackh ,shk 5"500
blaujd we;' flfia fj;;a " jkajr lrk ,o is.r , jels fukau tajd mfNdackfhka
isjk fi!LH wjodku ms<snoj flfrk uyck kqj;a ls fya;=fjka is.r mfNdackh f
jk g jdIslj ,shk 3"000 la olajd my< nei we;' thg m%;sreoaO f,i fld<
wdkhkh by< f.dia ksIamdokfha jeula o olakg ,ef' iEu wjqreoaola mdidu is.r
, je l< o , tfia je lr fkdeu;' fld< Nd;h wffOhu;a lsug;a wju
,la iy;sl lsug;a yelsjk m fld< u; mekfjk f.= n je lsug uu fhdackd
lr' tfiau ksIamdolhkaf.a n,m;% .dia;=jo re' 1"500 isg re' 5"000 olajd je lsug o uu
fhdackd lr' f.= n by< kexu u.ska wdkhkh lsu wffOH lsugo ud fhdackd
lrkjd' fuu.ska jl%dldr jdishla foaYShj ksIamdokfha fhfokakka yg ie,fikjd'
95

ke ke.Sf$.=jka.;f .dia;=j je lsu

576. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" kg mj;akd fvd, 25 la jk ke ke`.Sf$.=jka.; f .dia;=j
fvd, 30 la olajd je lsug fhdackd lr' fuh ke iy .=jkahdkd u.Ska hk ldKav
folgu wod< jkq we;' fuu .dia;= u.ska tl;= lrk wdodhfuka kg

taldnoaO wruqo,g

,efnk 1$3 l m%udKh fuu .dia;=f uq tla /ia lsfuka 2$3 la olajd je lsug o uu
fhdackd lrkjd'
.uka n,m;% .dia;=
577. uE; ld,fha .uka n,m;% .dia;=j je lr fkdue;' tfia jqjo .uka n,m;% uqKh lsf
ho f jkg je we;' tneka tla kl ksl=;a lrk .uka n,m;% .dia;=j kg tla
whlrefjl=g mj;akd re' 7"500 isg re' 10"000 olajd je lsug uu fhdackd lr' tfiau"
oa;aj mqrjeis whlrefjl=f.a" whm;a .dia;=j remsh,a 250"000 isg re' 300"000 olajd je
lsug;a idla rgj,g wod< id .dia;=j tla whm;%hlg fvd, 20 olajd je lsug;a uu
fhdackd lr'
fkajdisl id y`kajd u
578. foaYSh wdfhdack .ekaug i`oyd jI 3 l ld,hlg j,x.= jk id i`oyd fvd, 250"000
l .dia;=jl=;a y`kajd fok w;r fvd, ,shk 5 l .dia;=jla hgf;a wud;H uKav, wkque;sh
u; iar fkajdisl id y`kajd ug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
,s ixfoaY ludka;h i|yd n
579. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" foaYfhka ,efnk weu;= i|yd ks;a;=jlg wefuldkq fvd, Y; 9
la wka;cd;sl ,s ixfoaYk .dia;= jYfhka whflrkq ,ef' fuhska ks;a;=jlg Y; 3 la
ne.ska jk uqo, taldnoaO wruqo,g l%shdlrejka iska ner lrkq we;' fuu .dia;=j wefulka
fvd, Y; 9 isg Y; 12 olajd jelsug ud fhdackd lrkjd' fuu iuia; jeu u;
taldnoao wruqo,g ner flf'

,s ixfoaY kshduk fldiu wka; ;Sre n wdodhu o,

msjegqfuka ksoyia lrk f,i b,a lr ;sfnkjd'

f wkqj wka;cd;sl ;rld;ajh

jehqKq lsu yd foaY ksuh ,e jeuo wfmalaId flf'

mirhg we;s iDKd;aul

n,mEu i,ld n,d ikaksfok l=Kla i|yd whlrk jdIsl .dia;=j remsh,a 50"000$- olajd
jelsug ud fhdackd lrkjd'
wmkhkg fhduq jQ iud. u.ska foaYSh fj<`ofmd< ;=< lrkq ,nk wf, ls
580. Y%S ,xld wdfhdack uKav,h hgf;a ,shdmx wmkhk uQ,sl iud.j,ska foaYSh fj<`om,g
ksl=;a lrkq ,nk iemhq m%udKh Tjqkaf.a ksIamdokj,ska ishhg 5 lg iSud lrkjd'
iud. ,shdmx lsf .dia;=jla y`kajd u
581. fndfyda ,shdmx iud. l%shd;aul ;;a;ajfha fkdue;s nj fmkS f.dia we;' tjeks iud.
h<s l%shdld lsu i`oyd iud. friag%d iska tl;= lrkq ,nk jdIsl .dia;=jla ishu
,shdmx iud. fj; mkjkq ,ef' ;jrg;a iaj leue;af;kau lrkq ,nk wEjr ls
wffOhu;a lsf wruqKska iafPdfjka wEjr lrkq ,nk iud.j,ska re' 500"000 la wh
lsug fhdackd lr'
582. 2016 ckjd 1 k isg ishu jHdmdl wdh;k wod< m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, jirlg re' 100
l kdl .dia;=jla u; ,shdmx h hq;=h' w;ska we;s lrkq ,nk jHdmdl wdh;khla tu
96

wdh;k i`oyd c, yd ,s inkaO;d ,nd .ekSug o nexl= u.ska Kh ,nd .ekSug o fuu
,shdmxh uQ,sl wjYH;djhla jkq we;'
fg,s kdgH i`oyd .dia;=
583. kg fou< fg,s kdgH ;%mg yd fj<`o ka .dia;=j,ska ksoyia lr we;' bx.%Sis" Y%S ,xldf
ikaOdk NdIdj jk fyhska ta whqkau bx.%Sis fg,s kdgH ;%mg yd fj<`o ka o ksoyia
lsug fhdackd lrkq ,ef'

n mmd,kfha m%;sixialrK
foaYSh wdodh fomd;fka;=j
584. rfgys kg mj;akd n mmd,kfha ;;a;ajh ie,ls,a,g .;a g" n m%;sm;a;sj, flfrk
m%;sixialrKj,g wkqrEmj mj;akd l%ufohka klrKh lsu iy ir, lsu w;HjYH f'
fuys m<uq mshjr hgf;a 2016 ckjd 1 jk od isg l%shd;aul jk m n mmd,kh
l<ukdlrK f;dr;=re l%ufofha RAMIS m<uq whr l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk w;r tu.ska
iajhxl%Shj n jd;d f.dkq lsu" n f.u jeks myiql ie,fikq we;
585. n tl;= lsu by< kexu i|yd iEu .kqfokqjl u n f.jkakd ykd.ekS wxlh (TIN)
jHdmdr ,shdmx lsf wxlh we;=<;a lsu i|yd ud fhdackd lrkjd'
586. n fldiu iska ,ndka ksfoaY kej; i,ld n,kq ,ef' ta w;ka n moku mq,a lrk
w;r;=r n wkqmd;hka wvqlr,Su fYaIfhka i,ld n,kjd'
587. rgg ksjer l%ufohkaf.ka ,efnk wdodhu ,dN fnod.ekSf l%ufoh ;=, yska ,nd
.ekSu wNsfhda.hla f' Transfer Pricing (mejre ,& .eg iu i|yd foaYSh wdodh
fomd;fka;=f ia:dms; Transfer Pricing Unit tl wjYH mqyqKq Y%lhkaf.ka yd o;a;
moaO;shlska Yla;su;a l< hq;=h' foaYShj f inkaO mmd,k lghq;= ir, lsu u.ska
foaAYShj isjk , mejre tall yd inkaO wkjYH ho wju flfrkjd'
588. m%dfoaYSh f,al fldGdY ugka n tl;=lsu ikd: lsu i|yd wjYH mshjr .kq ,ef'
589. jirlg re',shk 25 lg jvd wdodh n f.jkq ,nk fm!oa.,sl n f.jkakka fj; fYaI
myiql ,ndfokq ,ef' ta hgf;a .=jkaf;dgqfmd, ;=, VIP myiql ,ndu" rcfha frday,a
yd wdh;k ;=, m%uqL;djh ,nd myiql ,ndu" rcfha W;aij wjia:dj, fYaIfhka
wdrdOkd lsu" jirlg jrla .re ckdm;s;=ud yd w.ue;s;=ud iu yuqf wjia:djla
,ndu jeks myiql ,ndfokq ,ef'

foaYSh wdodh fomd;fka;=j

iska n f.jkakka

fjkqfjka n WmfoaYk fiajdjla ,ndfokq ,nk w;r olaI ks,Odka isk Wmldrl ljqjla
foaYSh wdodh fomd;fka;=j ;=, we;s lrkq ,ef'
590. n f. flfrys keUqqrejk whqka iy n f.jkakkag jvd;a myiqjk f,i wdodh n
jd;dj ^Return) ;ks msgqjl f,aLkhla jYfhka ir, lrkq we;'
97

591.

n f.h hq;= m%udKhka jer f,i .Kka .ekSu je,elau i|yd iy jer f,i md
lsu je,elau fjkqfjka wjYH m%;smdok ykajd fokq ,ef'

fYaIfhkau rlaIK ludka;h fjkqfjka we;s l,ukdlrK .dia;= kej; ksjpkh lrkq
,ef' n tl;=lsu Yla;su;a lsu iy n f.u Wkka lsu fjkqfjka foaYSh wdodh n
mkf;a mj;sk oKavk fjkqfjka jk m%;smdok kej; i,ld n,d wjYH ixfYdaOk lrkq
,ef'

mfhaIK yd ixjOk lghq;= fjkqfjka we;s ho fjkqfjka ;%s;aj wvqls ,ndfokq

,nkafka ;dlaIK l%ufoj, hqKqjla yd wod< mfhaIk l%uj,ska ,efnk m%;sM, jOkhla
;sfk muKs'

foaYSh nexl= yd uQ,Hdh;kj,ska ,ndf.k we;s Kh fjkqfjka ,ndf.k we;s Kh i|yd jk

n uqo,a i|yd muKla n f. ,ndfokq ,ef'

n ksoyia ld,h imQK fuka miq ,dNdxY u; ,ndfokq ,nk iuyrla n iyk bj;a lrkq
,ef'

lsish n ld,hla ;=, n wdmiq whlr.ekSula lr we;ak th jir ;=kla ;=, th foaYSh
wdodh fomd;fka;=j iska jir ;=kla ;=, wjika l< hq;=h' tfia ke;fyd;a tu m%udKh
bfha f.h hq;= n uqo,a j,ska lmd yeh hq;=h'

n kS;sh kej; flgqm;a lsu

592. rf mj;sk n kS;sh im%odhsl %;dkH kS;s u; mok jQ ixlSK iy f;are.; fkdyels
tlls' Y%s ,xldj ;=, ldhlaIu n m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh lsu i|yd fuu ixlSK Ndjh
ndOdjla we;'

tu ;;a;ajh n m%;sm;a;shla ldhlaIuj bgq lsf O wmyiql

we;slrhs' tneka wjYh fjkial lrka jvd meye,s" tald.% iy ir, n l%uhla fjkqfjka
kej; kS;s imdokh l< hq;=j we;' tu n l%uh n f.jkakka i|yd myiq jkjdla fukau
n l%ufha mj;sk ysia wdjrKh jk m fjkial h hq;= w;r ta ;=,ska nmmd,kh jvd;a
Yla;su;a h hq;=hs' f i|yd cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqof,ka ;dlaIK iyh wmg ,efnk w;r
jir 2016 wjidk jk g jHdmD;sh - l%shdj,sh imQK lsug fhdackd lrkjd'
n wNshdpkd fldiu
593. n wNshdpkd fldif iajdka;jh ;yjqre lsug;a wNshdpkd mmdh yd iajdNdl hqla;s
uQ,Ouj,g wkql+,ug;a wjYH mshjr .kq ,ef'
Y%%S ,xld f.=j
594. .re l:dkdhl;=uks" Tn okakd m rdcH wdodhfuka ishhg 60 la muK tl;= lrkqfha YS%
,xld f.=j isks' tfyhska wm tys ldhhka Yla;su;a lsu w;sYh jeo.;a fjkjd' tfukau
cd;Hka;r fj<`odug myiql ie,iSf m%Odk ldhNdrhla Y%S ,xld f.=j iska bgq lrkq
,nkjd' fuu miqu ;=< wm kgu;a Y%S ,xld f.=f fufyhq lghq;= meh 24 mqrd i;sfha k
7 ;=<u kgu;a l%shd;aul lrkq ,nkjd'
595. o< jYfhka wmf.a wdh;kj,ska ishhg 80 la muK foaYSh yd wmkhk uQ,sl ludka; i|yd
wjYH fhojq f'

wuqjH" WmlrK yd fjk;a NdKav wdkhkfha wdfhdaclhkag uqyqKq

mEug ;is O .eg ie,ls,a,g f.k Y%S ,xld f.=j ;=, (One Stop Shop) tla kej;=
fiajd ia:dkhla msysgqug ;SrKh lr we;' fuu.ska wjYH lrk ishu wjir .ekSu" ksoyia
lr .ekS yd wkque;Ska fuu.ska bgqlrkq we;' fuu l%shdoduh lk lrkq msKsi wdkhk98

wmkhk md,k fomd;fka;=j" Y%S ,xld m%;s wdh;kh" mdfNda.sl fiajd wldh" foaYSh
wdodh fomd;fka;=j" jdksc fomd;fka;=j" iud. friag%d fomd;fka;=j wd wod<
rdcH wdh;khkays n,h,;a ks,Odka fuu tla kej;= ia:dkfhys fiajhg fhdojkq we;'
596. ;j rg;a NdKav ksYaldIK ldhlaIu;djh by< kexug yd wdodh wysf wjia:d
uqukskau kj;d ug;a Y%S ,xld f.=f ishu ksYaldIK ia:dkhkays kj ialEkska hka;%
i lrkq ,ef' fuh Y%S ,xld f.=f YajdikSh;ajh jehqKq lrkq fkdwkqudkh'
597. f.= lghq;= i`oyd udkj uey;a md,kh lsu i`oyd iy jdKsc myiql jehqKq lsu
i`oyd wdkhk f.= m%ldYk bf,lafg%dksl ud.fhka bm;a lsu 2016 cQks ui isg wdrN
jkq we;' n,h ,nd fokq ,nk rdcH wdh;k Y%S ,xld f.=j iu`. 2016 ckjd 1 k isg
ud..;j inkaO jkq we;'
598. kdia;sh yd IKh je<elau i`oyd o ksoNdjh iy;sl lsu i`oyd o whs;slrejka fkdue;sj
,efnk .ukau yd inkaO lghq;= wlaIKh lsu i`oyd o f.=f iEu nka; .=o
m%foaYhlu CCTV moaO;s l%shd;aul lrkq we;' fuu WmlrKhka Y%S ,xld f.= uQ,ia:dkh yd
inkaO flfrkq we;' 2016 wfm%a,a 1 kg miq l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk nka; .=o wju jYfhka
j. w 50"000 l m%udKhlska hqla; h hq;=h' tfiau kg mj;sk nka; .=oj,o
m%udKh je lsu u.ska fuu m%udK wjYH;djh imQK l< hq;=j we;'
599. 2016 ckjd 1 k isg fudag r: wu;r fldgia" ghs,a yd gh jeks oE wvqfjka bkafjdhsia
lsu je<elau i`oyd kj ;lafiare l%uhla y`kajd fokq we;'
600. Y%S ,xldj wmjH neyer lsf ula u je<elau i`oyd md lrk ,o rEmjdyskS hka;%"
fr fidaok hka;% iy cx.u rl:k wdkhkh lsu 2016 ckjd 1 k isg imQKfhka
;yk lrkq ,ef'
601. f.= lghq;= ukdj ixOdkh lsu i`oyd o wdodh wdrlaId lsf l%ufohla f,i o
wLKavj NdKav wdkhkh lrk wdkhklrejka 2016 ckjd 1 k isg Y%S ,xld f.=f
,shdmx h hq;=h'
602. bfha jrdfha yd .=jkaf;dgqmf,a msys ;Sre n rys; idmamq foaYSh fyda foaYSh yjq,alrejka
iu`. yjq,a jHdmdr moku hgf;a l%shd;aul l< hq;=h' ta wkqj" fuu jHdmdrhg t<ug woyia
lrk foaYSh l%shdlrefjl=g foaYSh yjq,lrefjl= ish hq;=h' foaYSh l%shdlrejkag o tafiauh'
603. wdrlaIs;" f.j;a yd l%udkl+, wmkhk yd m%;ske.; ls myiql u;a lrkq msKsi
l,dmfha wfkla rgj, f.= n,Odkaf.ka ish ks,Odka wmf.a f.= ks,Odka iu`. tlaj
lghq;= lsu

i`oyd tjk f,i b,a,d is' Tjqkaf.a meKSu u; wmkhk yd m%;ske.;

lsf lghq;= lkka l< yels jkq we;'

604. j;udk cd;Hka;r fj<`o lghq;= wjY;djhkag i,k m mj;sk f.= wd{d mk; fjkqjg
kj f.= mk;la md,sfka;=f wkque;shg bm;a lsug lghq;= lrkq ,ef'
ud. wk;=re i`oyd .dia;=
99

605. ud. kh w;HjYH jkakls' ukqIH ; wys u yd foafmd<j,g jk ydksh b;d Yd, jk
w;r cd;sh ork hou remsh,a ,shk j,ska ueksh hq;= f' fuh wkqu; l< fkdyels
;;a;ajhls' fuu miqu hgf;a ud. wk;=rl fmd foam,g isjk ydkshg wu;rj re' 10"000
l jkahla f.h hq;= njg fhdackd lrkjd'
ludka; i`oyd .ekau
606. 2018 jir jk g Y%S ,xldj weianeiagiaj,ska f;dr rgla f,i w;s.re ckdm;s;=ud kgu;a
ksfokh lr we;' f ;;a;ajh hgf;a f.dvke`.s,s jy,j,a i`oyd 2018 jir isg mir
ys;ld jH imhd .ekSug wmg isf' tneka W ksIamdokh .ekau i`oyd W
ludka;lrejkag jir 3 l ld,hla i`oyd wdodh n i`oyd wO n rdu ,nd fokq ,ef'
we. iy mdjyka i`oyd wdkhk n
607. foaYSh ksIamdok wdrlaId lsu i`oyd iy ikakdu iys; ksIamdok ,nd .ekSu w;r iunrj
meje;au i`oyd wmkhk uQ,sl iud. iska wdkhkh lrk

fyda

ksIamdokh lrk iy

foaYSh fj<`ofmd,g imhk we. iy mdjyka i`oyd taldld .dia;=jla wod< h hq;=f
fYaI NdKav noao
608. ri le,s ksIamdok ludka;fha t,j fo u; whlrkq ,nk fYaI fj<|NdKav noao
wvqlsug fhdackd lrkjd'
nyq ldh ks,Odka
609. m%dfoaYSh f,alldhd,j, fiajh lrk WmdOdka nyq ldh ks,Odka f,i wkqhqla; lrkq
,ef' m%dfoaYSh f,al ugf rdcH wdodh tl;= lsf fYaIs; ldhh Tjqkag mejfrkq
we;'
rdcH Kh .ekS
610. wod< rdcH uQ,H rduqj weuqKq IV ys laf' 2015 jIfha ick mk;a flgqmf;a lafjk
2016 uQ,H jIh i|yd wod< jk Kh .ekS iSudj weuqKq III ys laf'
iudma;sh
611. Y%S ,xldf fojk iuq;sjd iu.s rcfha l=,a whjeh fhdackd iuka; jkafka kj
me;slvlska hq;= hymd,khla yd ksoNdjfhka fy" cd;sl wdl m%;sm;a;s iuqphlsks'
wmf.a wkd.;jd m%;sm;a;s u; mdol jQ mrud:hka Y%S ,xldj by< wdl ;,hlg Tijd
;nkq we;af;a wdl mqkfrdaohla iy;sl lrks' fuu fhdackd ;=< wka;.;j we;s hy.=kh
Y%S ,xldf iS; ck fldgilg muKla fkdj iEu iudcuh wdlhlg ys hkq we;s nj
udf.a Yajdihhs' ckjd 29 jk od bm;a l< k ishfha ma,jh ;jrg;a m%jOkh jkq
we;af;a fkdfhla ch.%yK iy iqfYaIS lvb miqlrks'
612. wms b;sydifha wre me;slv ysoka lruq' wu;l l< hq;= oE wu;l lruq' kj oDIahlska
hq;=j wmf.a foaYh lsisjl=g fkdfofjks jk fia f.dvke.Sug lemfjuq' wmsg ta i|yd laula
we;' ka foaYh f.dvke.Sf fufyjr fkdfn iu.sj bgqlsf ld,h t<U we;'
613. wmf.a wNsm%dh wog jvd fyd| fygla ksudKh lsu jk w;r fuu fhdackd imdokfha
odhl jQ w;s.re ckdm;s ffu;%Smd, isfiak ue;s;=udg;a" .re w.ue;s rks,a l%uisxy
100

ue;s;=udg;a" udf.a lek iyDohkag;a uqo,a wud;HdxYfha f,al wdpdh wd't'tia'iur;=x.

uy;d m%uqL ldh uKav,hg;a wfkl=;a ieug;a udf.a lD;{;djh mqo lr'
fkdgq rE f,i klrKh jQ

ka fmr

fuu whjeh fhdackd Y%S ,xldf ish iudc ia:rhka

.%yKh lr .kska ieug m%;s,dN yd wjldYhka Wodlr,kq we;'

wmg fkdfhl=;a

mqrjeishkaf.ka yd wdh;k yryd ,enqKq fhdackd w;ka ie,lsh hq;= m%udKhla fuu whjeh
fhdackdjkag wka;.; fldg we;s w;r wm ta ieuf.a m%;spdr ;=<ska uy;afia u;a jQ njo
i;Hhls'

fuu fhdackd l%shd;aul l< hq;= w;r ta i|yd ieuf.a iyfhda.h yd lemu

wfmalaId flf'
614. wo k f W;a;;r iNdjg imeKs .re ckdm;s;=udg;a" .re w.ue;s;=udg;a" .re
l:dkdhl;=udg;a" udf.a ys;j;a .re lek weu;sjreka we;= .re mlaI kdhl ;=udg;a
ishu .re uka;%S;=uka,dg;a udf.a f.!rjKSh ia;=;sh mqo lr'
udf.a uug f;rejka irK ,efjd'
fohkaf.a by<u wdYsjdofha msysg ,efjd

101

weuqKqu I
wdodh fhdackd -2016 whjeh
fhdackd

re' ,shk

fldgia yqjudre .dia;= wfydais lsu'

(2,500)

bls ludka; wem wruqo,a .dia;= wfydais lsu'

(1,800)

Wmhk g f.f n yd mqoa., wdodh n ixfYdaOkh lsu'

(4,000)

ixia:dms; n ixfYdaOkh lsu'

(6,000)

iar ;em;= u; jk r`ojd .ekSf n bj;a lsu'

(8,000)

uqoaor .dia;= ixfYdaOkh

(3,500)

tl;= l< w.h u; n ixfYdaOkh

(25,000)

cd;sh f.dvke.Sf n ixfYdaOkh

90,000

.dia;= yd wh ls meku $ ixfYdaOkh

75,000

10

iqfLdamfNda.S iy wO-iqfLdamfNda.S jdyk noao wfydais lsu'

(1,500)

11

jrdh yd .=jka f;dgqm, fiajd .dia;= ixfYdaOkh

30,000

12

;Sre n yd fiia n ixfYdaOkh

10,300

13

u;ameka ksIamdok n,m;% .dia;= ixfYdaOkh

14

ld i`oyd ksIamdok n talSh wkqmd;hla y`kajd u'

15

.=jka ixprK .dia;= ixfYdaOkh

2,000

16

,s ixfoaY .dia;= ixfYdaOkh

4,000

17

,s WmlrK" bf,lafg%dksla NdKav yd hka;% i`oyd jk jrdh yd

.=jka f;dgqm, fiajd .dia;= wvq lsu'

(2,000)

18

fudag r: jdyk i`oyd fudapk .dia;= y`kajd u'

18,000

19

uoHidr" fld< iy leisfkda i`oyd 25] l w - n meku'

20 wdl fiajd .dia;= ixfYdaOkh

21

3,000
20,000

2,000
7,000

uoHidr i`oyd jk ksIamdok noq ixfYdaOkh

tl;=j

16,000
223,000

rdcH uQ,H m%;sm;a;s fomd;fka;=j iska ilik ,'

weuqKqu II
102

ho fhdackd - 2016
fhdaackd
c ksIamdokh jehqKq lsu
1
l=vd je iy jd we< ud. m%;sixialrK lssu
2
NdKav .nvd blsu
3
Ys;d.dr blsu
4
jr jrdhkaa mq`M,a lsu
5
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6
foaYSh lsms ksIamdolhka i`oyd iyk ie,iSu'
7
c, cS j.d WoHdk f.dvke.Su'
8
u;aiH wNsckk myiql jehqKq lsu'
9
,la if;di yryd ka ud iyk ,g fnod yeu'
10
rn i`oyd m%Odk ie,iqu l%h
s d;aul lsrSu'
11
fmd,a j.dj ixjOkh lsu'
12
f;a" rn" iy fmd,a mfhaIK wdh;k jehqKq lsu'
13
iSks yd ;,a mfhaIK wdh;k jehqKq lsu'
14
l=`Mnvq ikaakdulrK m%jOkh
15
l=re` mfhaIK wxYh
16
l=re` ixjOk wldh
17
l=re` inkaOj mqyqKq lsf mdie,
18
cd;sl oHd moku
19
fmdl=re-.udk 2500 jevigyk ^md,sfka;= uka;%Sjrekaf.a uOH.; whjeh
20
m%;smdokhka o we;=,;aj&
wdl l,dm msysgqu'
21
cd;sl mir ixrlaIK jHdmD;s
22
jk cS ixrlaIKh
23
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24
m%d:l jHdmdr
25
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26
bv nexl==j
27
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28
bls ludka;fha ksmqK;d ixjOkh
29
ixpdrl wxYfha ksmqK;d ixjOkh
30
MICE if,k Yd,dj
31
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32
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33
fcHIaG mqrjeishka i`oyd fmd,S iykdOdrh
34
Y%S ,xld .sKqlrK yd .Kk m%; ilaIK uKav,h Yla;su;a lsu
35
iq/l=m;a ksIaldYkh lsf wdh;kh msysgqu'
36
.=re mqyqKq jevigyk
37
.=rejreka i`oyd ksmqK;d ixjOkh
38
mdie,a i`oyd ikSmdrlaIl myiql
39
mdie,a i`oyd ,s n,h ,ndu'
40
m%d:l mdie,a ixjOkh
41
oa;Shsl mdie,a 1"000 la i`oyd myiql iemhSu'
42
mdie,a 1"360 la i`oyd uQ,sl myiql iemhSu'
43
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44
mdie,aj, oHd wOHdmkh jehqKq lsu'
45
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46
uyfmd, Yaaj oHd,h msysgqu'
47
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48
md,s yd fn!oaO mYapd;a Wmd wdh;kh
49
Yaj oHd, h;, myiql ixjOkh
50
.Kk wxYfha ksmqK;d ixjOkh
51
jD;a;Sh mqyqKq iy ldl wOHdmkh
52
;reK in, .eka'
53
rer ldkaqlrKh lsf uOHia:dk
54
jl=.vq frday, - fmdf,dkakrej
55
ms<sld frday,a ;=kla msysgqu'
56
wkqrdOmqr" hdmkh" yd l=reKE., frday,a jehqKq lsu'
57
fi!LH ldhuKav, mqyqKq lsu'
58

103

re' ,shk
1,000
2,000
1,000
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750
100
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300
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250
200
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21,000
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2,000
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10,000
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2,000
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2,000
10,000
15,000
30,000
250
450
250
3,000
300
500
6,000
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59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114

Y%S chjOkmqr frday, m%;sixialrKh lsu'

Y%S chjOkmqr frdayf,a fyo mdie, jehqKq lsu'
wd>d; frda. ksjdrK uOHia:dk f.dvke.Su'
fvx.=" ksoka.; jl=.vq frda. iy ms<sld inkaO mfhaIK
kj fidhd .ekS f.j;a lsf l%ufohla ia:dms; lsu'
keKi, uOHia:dk jehqKq lsu'
nqoauh foam, whs;Ska
fcHIaG mqrjeis cd;sl iNdj
cd;sl <udrlaIK wldh
<ud iq/l= mqyqKqj i`oyd ms<s.ekSf l%ufohla ia:dms; lsu'
fmd,sia ia:dk msysgqu'
r:jdyk fmd,sisfha mqyqKqj i`oyd
Y%S ,xld fmd,sisfha jegqma Iu;djhka ksjer lsu
Y%S ,xld fmd,sisfha cd,.; ikaksfok myiql jehqKq lsu'
,la if;di NdKav fnodyef cd,h jehqKq lsu'
foaYSh wdodh" iqrdn" ;eme,a fomd;fka;= iy cd;sl f,d;/hs uKav,h i`oyd kj
f.dvke.s,s b lsu'
rdcH wxYfha .KldldrSjreka i`oyd jD;a;Sh iqiql ,ndu'
fYaI ldhhka ms<sn`o wud;HdxYh i`oyd m%;smdok ie,iSu'
foaY ; ldhh uKav, ks,Odkaf.a orejka i`oyd wOHdmk myiql ie,iSu'
cQ,s jclhka i`oyd tlajr ,ndfok ukdj i`oyd
Wid mmd,k lghq;= jehqKq lsu
kS;suh m%;sixialrK
wlrK mqyqKq wdh;k jehqKq lsu'
f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh inkaO ikakdulrK m%jOk jevigyk
;%Sfrdao r: bkaOk Nd;fhka ,sn, Nd;hg mj;kh lsu i`oyd fmd,S iykdOdr
ud. ;onoh l<ukdlrKh lsu i`oyd wdf;l l%uhla y`kajdu
le,Ksje,s h ud.h
h yd nia m%jdyk myiql jOkh lsu i`oyd
hdmkh h ud.h jehqKq lsu'
bkahdkq id.r iuqSh lghq;= iud.u
ldl WoHdk iy lDIs ;dlaIKh jehqKq lsu'
uydud. cd,h ixjOkh lsu'
fldgd mdf isg lvqfj, olajd jQ by<ska .ukalrk uydud.h
jrdh msiq ud.h
W;=re - kef.kysr wf.S ud.h
c,.; .ukd.uk
hdka Th jHdmD;sh
uy k.r ixjOkh yd niakdysr m<d;a ixjOkh
kd.l ixjOkh
olaIsK ixjOkh
jhU ixjOkh
mqnqouq fmdf,dkakrej jevigyk
W;=re yd kef.kysr ixjOkh
j;= hs;, myiql ixjOkh
m<d;a md,k wdh;k Yla;su;a lsu
l,dlrejka i`oyd Y%du jegqma fhdackd l%uhla we;s lsSf uQ,sl m%d.aOkh
Exim nexl= i`oyd uQ,sl m%d.aOkh
l%Svd ixjOkh
Y%S ,xld m%;s wdh;kh iy ludka; ;dlaIKsl wdh;kh Yla;su;a lsu
iajNdl wdmod i`oyd rlaIKh
m%;sm;a;s imdokh yd Yaf,aIK
w,a,ia yd IK uIK fldIka iNdf myiql jehqKq lsu
ldl l,dm ixjOkh lsu
cx.u frday,a
md,sfka;= uka;%Sjrekaf.a YlH;d ixjOkh - f' wd' chjOk flakah
md,sfka;= lghq;= m%;sjHqy.;lrKh lsu
tl;=j

cd;sl whjeh fomd;fka;=j iska ilik ,'

104

1,500
2,500
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100
100
100
10
100
50
1,000
100
3,000
250
1,000
2,000
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150
150
500
500
500
500
100
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10,000
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2,500
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14,000
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200
300
200
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700
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weuqKqu III
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whs;uh

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uq`M wdodh ,e iy m%odk

2,005

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120

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thska iuia; Kh wdmiq f.

cd;sl whjeh fomd;fka;=j iy NdKavd.dr fufyhq fomd;fka;=j

iska ilik ,'

weuqKqu IV

105

whjeh idrdxYh (2012-2016)1,2

whs;uh

2012

2013

2014

2015

uq`M wdodh iy m%odk

uq`M wdodhu
n wdodhu
wdodh n
NdKav yd fiajd u; n
foaY fj<`odu u; n
n fkdjk wdodhu
m<d;a iNd n wdodhu ^rcfha wdodh mejre o
we;=<m%;aoh
&
dk
uq`M hou
j;k hou
jegqma yd f;k ^m<d;a iNd o we;=<;aj&
fjk;a NdKav yd fiajd ^m<d;a iNd o we;=<;aj&
fmd<S f.
iykdOdr iy mejre
rdcH wdfhdack
wOHdmk iy fi!LH
h;, myiql
wfkl=;a
wdodh w;sla;h ^&$ ys`.h ^-&
m%d:l w;sla;h ^&$ ys`.h ^-&
whjeh w;sla;h ^&$ ys`.h ^-&
uq`M uQ,Hkh
uq`M foaY uQ,Hkh
o< foaY Kh .ekS
jHdmD;s iy jevigyka Kh
foaY jdKsc Kh
Kh wdmiq f.
uq`M foaYSh uQ,Hkh
nexl= fkdjk uQ,Hkh
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1
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1,118
1,102
909
173
520
217
143
50
16
1,607
1,181
386
135
408
251
444
46
398
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-80
-80
-489
489
181
365
235
130
-184
308
71
106
132
12.8
12.6
10.4
1.6
0.6
0.2
18.4
13.5
8.8
4.7
5.1
-0.9
-0.9
-5.6

1,204
1,188
1,006
206
572
228
132
51
16
1,720
1,256
432
104
444
276
481
56
425
-17
-68
-72
-516
516
68
179
187
-8
-111
448
95
56
297
12.6
12.4
10.5
1.4
0.5
0.2
17.9
13.1
8.5
4.6
5.0
-0.7
-0.8
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1,264
1,254
1,050
198
616
236
145
59
9
1,855
1,382
486
141
436
318
487
78
408
-14
-128
-155
-591
591
212
329
246
83
-118
380
252
1
127
12.3
12.2
10.2
1.4
0.6
0.1
18.0
13.4
9.2
4.2
4.7
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1,468
1,284
249
786
248
126
58
10
2,153
1,648
615
163
492
378
517
98
419
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-180
-183
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675
156
453
258
195
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519
110
90
319
13.1
13.0
11.4
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14.6
10.2
4.4
4.6
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re' ,shk
2016
whjeh
2,047
2,032
1,584
233
993
358
378
70
15
2,787
1,928
658
313
520
437
868
210
658
-9
104
-220
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740
183
519
309
210
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557
275
100
182
16.4
16.3
12.7
3.0
0.6
0.1
22.3
15.4
11.3
4.2
6.9
0.8
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kdl wdodh iy ho o we;=<;aj

weuqKquV

106

;dlaIKsl igyka
whjeh fhdackd - 2016 nlrKh
1
wdodh noao ^2006 wxl 10 ork foaYSh wdodh mk;g ixfYdaOk&
1'1
n iyk
1'1'1
lDIsludka;h
1'1'1'1
iud.ula iska lDIsldl c iy frdamK jH ixjOkh
lsu(
lDIsldl c iy frdamK jH rg;=< ixjOkh lsfuka
,nk ,dN iy wodh u; f.h hq;= noao jir 5 la i`oyd
ishhg 50 lska wvq flf'

^16 wd j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef&

1'1'1'2

x c, ;dlaIKh yrs;d.dr ;dlaIKh iy je M,odjla

,ndfok c(
lDIsldl x c, ;dlaIKh yrs;d.dr ;dlaIKh iy je
M,odjla ,nd fok c Nd;h u.ska iud.ula ,nk ,dN iy
wdodh u; f.h hq;= noao jir 5 la i`oyd ishhg 50 lska
olajd wvq flf'
fuu ldhh i`oyd y;d.dr ;dlaIKh" x c, ;dlaIKh iy
je M,odjla ,nd fok c hkak i`oyd ksjpkhla ,nd fokq
,ef'&

^foaYSh wdodh mkf;a wod< Odk ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef'&

1'1'1'3

m<;=re iy t<j wdY%s; ludka;

m<;=re iy t<j ka lsu i`oyd fhdod .kq ,nk
hkaf;%damlrK w;am;a lr .ekSf msjeh tu hkaf;%damlrK
u; laIh ukd ,nd.ekSug we;s yslug wu;rj iqiql ,nk
f.ula f,i i,lkq ,ef'

^25 jk j.ka;sh iy 34 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef&

1'1'2

laIq iy l=vd mudK jHdmdr ixjOkh

1'1'2'1

fm!oa.,sl fldgia wruqo,a fyda wjodk m%d.aOk iud. iska

fld<U fldgia yqjudref l=vd yd uOH mudK jHdmdr
uKav,fhys ,shdmx we;s" l=vd yd uOH mudK jHdmdr
fj<od lsf ugug by< kexu i`oyd wruqo,a iemhSfuka
,nk ,dNh u; f.h hq;= noao jir myl ld,hla i`oyd
ishhg 50 lska wvq flf'

1'1'2'2

l=vd yd uOH mudK jHdmdr iska wfhdackh lsfuka k

lrk ,o m%foaYhl wdrN lrk ,o l=vd yd uOH mudk
jHdmdrhl ^mj;sk jHdmdrhla lefuka fyda m%;sksudKh
lsfuka msysgqjkq fkd,enqjd jQ&,dN iy wdodh u; f.h hq;=
noao jir 3 la i`oyd ishhg 50 lska wvq flf'

fuu ldh i`oyd zzl=vd iy uOH mudK jHdmdrZZ iy zzwjodk m%d.aOk

iud. yd fldgia wruqo,aj, l%shdldrl y`kd.ekSuZZ ksYa;j i`oyka
lrkq ,ef'
1'1'3

ludka; i`oyd .eka (

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iy wdodh u; f.h hq;= noao jir 3 la i`oyd ishhg 50 lska wvq flf'

1'1'4

fjk;a wxY i`oyd n iyk

1'1'4'1

my; i`oyka l%shdldrl i`oyd h ;eke;af;l=g ,efnk

,dN iy wdodh u; f.h hq;= noao jir 5 la i`oyd ishhg
50 lska wvq flf'
107

(i)

(ii)
(iii)

1'2

jeyshka fyda l=vd <uhskaf.a /ljrKh uQ,sl

lrf.k cd;Hka;r ms<s.;a mdGud,djka fyda
mqyqKq jevigyka l%shd;aul lrkq ,nk wOHdmk
wdh;khla meje;au
jeuy,a mqoa.,hska i`oyd ksjdi myiql
iemhSf ksr; u
rch iu`. tlaj rdcH wxYfha ks,Odka i`oyd
ksjdi tallhka blsu iy lsKSu

1'1'4'2

h iud.ula fYaIfhka ia:dms; lr we;af;a /ia"

.eka" iuq iy m%oYk ioyd jk g tys ,dN iy
wdodh u; f.h hq;= noao" tu iud.u jdKscH lghq;=
wdrN lrkq ,nk jIfha isg jir 5 la i`oyd ishhg 50
lska wvq flf'

1'1'4'3

kg mj;akd ludka;Yd,djla 2016 wfm%a,a 1 jk osk isg

klrKh lsrSu ;=<ska jirla ;=,
kj /lshd wjia:d
W;amdokh lsu i`oyd mq,a lsula lrkq ,nk iud.ulg"
tu mq,a lsu u; we;sjk wdfrdams; ,dN iy wdodh u;
f.h hq;= n wkqm%udKh ishhg 50 lska jir 3 la i`oyd wvq
flf'
fuu ldhh i`oyd wjYH kskdhl ksYa;j i`oyka lrkq
we;'

1'1'4'4

cd;sl Yaj oHd,j, mfhaIK islsug wkq.%dyl;ajh

oelau ;=<ska rf Wiia wOHdmkfha ma,h fjkila we;s
lsug fldgialrejkajk ;eke;a;kayg" tu wkq.%dyl;ajhg
wod,j mfhaIK iy ixjOk i`oyd fokq ,nk ishhg
;=kaishhl ho wvq lsu mq,a lrkq ,ef'

1'1'4'5

bls ludka;h
uqyqje,s msis lsu i`oyd wjYH jk hkaf;%damlrK w;am;a
lr .ekSf msjeh tu hkaf;%damlrK u; laIh ukd ,nd
.ekSug we;s yslug wu;rj iqiql ,nk f.ula f,i
i,lkq ,ef'

wdfhdack .eka
1'2'1

kj foaY uqo,a yqjudre l<ukdlrK mk;

foaY wdfhdack i`oyd myiql ie,iSu i`oyd foaY uqo,a yqjudre
l<ukdrlK mk; kka kj mk;la y`kajd fokq ,ef'foaY uqo,a
.,dtaug myiql ie,iSu iy tu wdodh"wdodhnoafoka ksoyia lsu
i`oydfoaYSh wdodh mk; ^wjYH wjia:dj,& ixfYdaOk lrkq ,ef'

1'2'2

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;=<g lrkq ,nk fm%aIKhka u.ska ,ehsia;=.; fldgiaj, wdfhdackh
lsfuka ,efnk ,dNdxY wdodhu wdodh noafoka ksoyia lrkq ,ef'

1'2'3

miq.d l,dmhl lrkq ,nk wdfhdack fjkqfjka n iyk

2015 y`kajdfok ,o kg mj;sk n iyk fjkqjg my; i`oyka kj n
iyk y`kajd fokq ,ef'
h miq.d l,dmhl msysgq jQ ksIamdok lghq;= i`oyd ^u;ameka fyda
fld< mok lr.;a ksIamdokhka yer& fyda fiajd iemhSu i`oyd jk
kj iud.ul we'fvd, ,shk 10 lg fkdwvq wdfhdackhla fyda kj
/lshd wjia:d 500 la ^kj fiajl w:idOl wxl iys;j& Wmoaojk
ksIamdolfhl= fyda fiajd imhkafkl= jk kj iud.ul ^kg mj;akd
iud.ula lefuka fyda m%;sksudKh lsfuka msysgqjkq fkd,enqjdjQ& ,dN
108

iy wdodh u; f.h hq;= wdodh noao" ta iud.u jdKsc lghq;= wdrN

lrkq ,nk jIfha isg jir 5 la i`oyd ishhg 50 lska wvq flf'
kj /lshd wjia:d 800 la Wmoaojkafka k tu iyk ld,h jir 8 la olajd
iy wdfhdackh fkdao WoHdk i`oyd k jir 10 la olajd > flf '

^n wkqmd;h ixfYdaOkh lsu u; ;j rg;a wod, fkdjk neka 59t"

59ta" 59T hgf;ajk n iyk bj;a flfrkq we; '&
1'2'4

foaYSh wdodh mkf;a 59wE j.ka;sh hgf;a fld<U fldgia yqjudref

,ehsia;=.; lr we;s iud.j,g wod< n wkqm%udKh ishhg 50 lska wvq
lsug kg mj;sk ksh; ld,h jk 2017 wfm%a,a 1 jk kg fmr hkak
mq,a lsfuka my; m > lrkq ,ef'
(i). fld<U fldgia yqjudref ,ehsia;=.; lr jir 2 la olajd fyda
(ii). foaY fldgia yqjudrejl ,ehsia;=.; lr jir 3 la olajd

^59 wE j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef&

1'2'5

rch iska fldgia mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk f;a fyda rn j.d lrkq ,nk
iud.ul ,dN iy wdodh 2016 wfm%a,a 1 jk k isg wdrN jk jir 2 la
i`oyd wdodh noafoka ksoyia f'

1'2'6

n rdu iy ksoyia ls
(i).zkj wdfhdackZ u; wdrNjk Wmdh ud. ixjOk jHdmD;s i`oyd kj
mk;la y`kajd fokq ,nk w;r kg n iyk mj;akd jHdmD;s
inkaOfhka Wmdh ud. ixjOk jHdmD;s mk; l%shd;aul f'
(ii).h wdfhdackhla i`oyd n iyk ,ndf uqo,a wud;Hjrhd iska
ksl=;a lrkq ,nk ksfhda. j,g wkqj uqo,a wud;HdxYfhaa
iqmlaIdj iy wlaIKh hgf;a tu iyk ,ndfokq ,ef'
wdfhdack uKav,h iy foaYSh wdodh fomd;fka;=j kj n
rdu m%odkh fkdlrk w;r n rdu inkaOfhka myiql
ie,iSu iy l%shd;aul lsu muKla is lrkq ,ef'

1'3

fjk;a ixfYdaOk
1'3'1
rlaIK iud. i`oyd l<ukdlrK ho hkak ksjpkh lrkq ,ef'
1'3'2

;dlaIKsl hqKqjla fyda M,odhS;d jOkhlg wod< jk njg ikd:

lrkafka k muKla mfhaIK iy ixjOkh i`oyd jk hofuka ishhg
300 lg iudk uqo,la wvq lsu bv fokq ,ef'

^25 iy 92 jk j.ka;s ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef&

1'3'3

foaY Kh uqo,la u; fmd,S wdodhu ksoyia lsu foaY nexl=jlska fyda

foaY uQ,H wdh;khlska ,nd .;a foaY Kh uqo,aj,g iSud flf'

^ 9 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef&

1'3'4

we;e ,dNdxY wdodh noafoka ksoyia lsu n rdu ld,h wjika fuka
miq bj;a lrkq ,ef'
^10 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef&

1'3'5

2016 wfm%a,a 1 kg fyda tkg miqj jk h ;lafiare jIhla i`oyd h

;eke;af;l= iska f.ug hg;a wdodh noaog jvd je m%udKhla f.jd
we;s wjia:djl " wdmiq f.ug ysl mEu l< ;lafiare jIfha
^jd;dj iu`.& isg jI 3 la we;=,; wjika l< hq;= f' tfia
fkdjqjfyd;a " tu wdmiq f.u wkd.;fha f.h hq;= wdodh n j.lSula
i`oyd ys, lsug bv h hq;=f' ^mkf;a wod< j.ka;s ixfYdaOkh flf&

1'3'6

n whls iy n f.jkakka iy n jD;a;slhka jd;d iemhSug wod<

jxpdjka inkaOfhka lafjk Odk Yla;su;a lsug ixfYdaOkh
lrkq ,nk w;r mejre ," ksis m ia:dms; lsu i`oyd wod< oKavk
109

Odk y`kajd fokq ,ef'

^wod, j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef &
1'3'7

RAMIS l%shd;aul lsug wod< ixfYdaOk ^wjYH m&ia:dms; lrkq ,ef'

1'3'8

mkf;a 107 jk j.ka;sh hgf;a zwkqu; .KldldjrhdZ

hk
w:ksrEmkhg
zY%S
,xld
.KldlrK
Ys,amSh
wdh;kfha
.Kldldjrfhl= we;=,;a lsfuka l< mq,a lsu" tu idudlhd iska
lrkq ,nk .Kk mrdih remsh,a ,shk 100 fkdblaujk msjegqula iy
wod< mqoa.,hd tu ldhh lsu i`oyd wjYH ksmqK;djh we;s njg ksh;
kshduk hdka;%Khla we;s lsu ;=<ska flduidia ckrd,ajrhd iEySulg
m;a u i`oyd jk wod< Odk ieliSu i`oyd kej; i,ld n,kq ,ef'

^107 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef'&

1'3'9

foaYSh .kqfokq inkaOfhka jk mejre ,ir, lrkq ,nk w;r

wkqnoaO msjeh ms<sn`o i,ld n,d mejre , inkaO Ih m:h ksYaph
lrkq we;'

^104 iy 104 w j.ka;Ska ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,nk w;r wod< .ei

ksfokh m%ldYhg m;a lrkq ,ef'&

1'4

1'3'10

remsh,a ,shk 25 la fyda Bg jefhka n f.jkq ,nk mqoa.,hka i`oyd

fYaI jrm%ido m%odkh lrkq ,nk w;r tu jrm%idohka .ei ksfokhla
u.ska u;a lsu i`oyd wod< m%;smdok foaYSh wdodh mk;g we;=,;a
lrkq ,ef'

1'3'11

nexl= fyda uQ,H wdh;k taldnoaO lsf l%shdj,sh hgf;a h nexl=jla fyda
h uQ,H iud.ula iska w;alr .ekSf fyda taldnoaO lsf msjeh
jYfhka ork ,o houla th tu nexl=f fyda uQ,H iud.f houla
f,i i,ld bvfokq ,nk neka iqiql ,nk f.ula f,i bvug
lrk ,o ixfYdaOkh bj;a lrkq ,ef'
^w;S;hg n,meje;afjk m 34 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh flf&

wdodh noao ir, lsu

wdodh n jHqyh ir, lsu ioyd my; lafjk mshjr .kq ,ef'
n wkqm%udK ishhg 15 l iu; n wkqm%udKh iy ishhg 30 l by<
(i)
n wkqm%udKh f,i n wkqm%udKh follg iSud flf'
^w&my; i`oykajk by< wkqm%udKh ^ishhg 30& wod< jk ,dN iy
wdodh yer wksl=;a ishu wxY ishhg 15 l iu;
wkqm%udKhlg hg;a f'
Tgq yd iQ l%Svd
u;ameka
fld<
nexl= yd uQ,H jHdmdr ^rlaIK" l,an iy wdY%s; l%shdldrl
we;=,;aj&
ksIamdokh iy fiajd iemhSu yer wfkl=;a fj<`o l%shdldrl
^wd& n ksoyia ukdj jirlg re' ,shk 2'4 la ^uilg re' 200"000&
olajd je lsu u.ska ;ksmqoa.,hka i`oyd wod< jk wkql%l n
wkqm%udK bj;a lrkq ,nk w;r n ksoyia ukdj blaujk wdodhu
ishhg 15 l iu; wkqm%udKhg noaog hg;a f'
^we& by; lafjk ixfYdaOk Wmhk g f.ug hg;a fiajd
kshqla;slhka iy iajhx /lshd kshqla;slhka hk fomsigu iudk
f,iwod< f'
^wE& n ksoyia ukdj ie,ls,a,g f.k" ;ks mqoa.,hka iy mqKHdh;k
inkaOfhka
fjf<odulska"
jHdmdrhlska"
jD;a;shlska
fyda
/lshdjlska orkq ,nk mdvq yer ^iSudjkag hg;aj&tl;= jHjia:dms;
wdodhfuka yd ;lafiare jk wdodhfuka wvq ls lsisjla bv fokq
fkd,ef'
110

^b&

my; oelafjk wdodhu yer wfkl=;a fiajdkshqla;s wdodh i`oyd

mkf;a 8 jk j.ka;sfha olajd we;s ksoyia ls bj;a lrkq we;'
rcfha fiajlhkag taldnoaO wruqo,lska f.jkq ,nk Y%du jegqma
yd Y%du m%;s,dN"
Y%S ,xldfjka msg; /lshdjlska" foaY jHjydr uqo,ska ,nk bmhS"
Y%S ,xldjg fm%aIKh lrkafka k"
rdcH ;dka;%sl ; uKav, fyda rdcH ;dka;%sl ksfhda;hska"
fiajfhka bj;a f ksoyia lrkq ,nk w: idOl wruqo,a
fYaIh"
/lshdj wysf ,nk jka ^fldkafoaisj,g hg;aj&
ishu uqo,auh yd uqo,a fkdjk m%;s,dN" ^fiajd kshqla;sfhka ,nk
m%;s,dN fia i,lkq ,nk& n ksoyia ukdj blau jkafka k noaog hg;a
f'
^B&

tla fiajdfhdaclhl=g hg;g jvd je fiajd fhdaclhska .Kkla

hgf;a
fiajd
kshqla;sfhys
fhfok
wjia:djltu
fiajd
kshqla;slfhka ,nk wdodh ishhg 15 l iu; wkqm%udKhg noaog
hgf;a f'

^W& yjq,a jHdmdr i`oyd jk noao ta wkqj .,mkq ,ef'

^W!&

nexl= yd uQ,H wdh;j, mj;ajdf.k hk ;ekam;= u; ,efnk

fmd<sfhka wh lrkq ,nk ishhg 2'5 l r`ojd .ekSf noao bj;a
lrkq ,nk w;r tu wdodhu tl;= jHjia:dms; wdodhf fldgila
f,i i,lkq ,ef'

^t&fcHIaG mqrjeishka ^jhi wjqre 60 g je& iska nexl= yd uQ,H

wdh;kj, mj;ajdf.k hk ;ekam;=j,ska ,nk fmd<S wdodhu u;
jk ksoyia lsu fjkia fkdf'
^ta& mkf;a 95 jk j.ka;sfhys i`oyka Y%S ,xldfjka msg; h mqoa.,hl=g
Woa.;jk fmd<S wdodhka ishhg 15 l wkqm%udKh u; r`ojd .ekSf
n wvq lrkq ,nk w;r th Y%S ,xldf wdKavqj iu`. we;s lr.;a
oa;aj nlrKh je<elaf .siqula we;ak tys i`oyka
wkqm%udKhg hg;aj is lrkq ,ef'
wod< Odk iy n wkqm%udK Wmf,aLk ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,ef'
(ii)

7 jk j.ka;sh hgf;a i`oyka iuyr wdh;k i`oyd ,nd ;snQ ksoyia

ls yd 13 jk j.ka;sfha i`oyka O ksoyia ls bj;a lsu i`oyd
wjYH ixfYdaOk lrkq ,ef'
^w&

wdh;ksl ksoyia ls bj;a lsu

- cd;Hka;r wdh;khla ,nk ,dN iy wdodh u; jk
ksoyi uyckhdf.a fyda fjk;a wdldrhlska wh lrkq
,nk h .dia;=jla fyda odhl uqo,la jk uQ,dY%hla u;
fkdjk ,dN iy wdodh u; muKla wod< f'
- h rcfha fomd;fka;=jla" foaY wdKavqjla" Yaj
oHd,hla" iuQmdldr i;shla" wdfhdack uKav,h" uQ,H
uKav, we;=j Y%S ,xld uynexl=j" mqKdHh;k
^fldkafoaisj,ghg;aj& fyda rcfha iydh we;s mdi,a yer
foaYSh wdh;khla u; kg mj;sk n ksoyi bj;a flf'
^7 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh flf'&

^wd&

wdodh noafoka O ksoyia ls bj;a lsu

my; i`oyka jk ksoyia ls bj;a lrkq ,ef'
Y%S ,xldf h jrdhla blsu i`oyd jQ jHjdihlska h
111

;eke;af;l=g Woa.;jk fyda Wm; jk ,dN iy wdodh

h l%Svd mshla" l%Svdx.khla fyda l%Svd ixlSKhla
mmd,kh lsfuka h ;eke;af;l=g ,efnk fyda
Wm; jk ,dN iy wdodh
iSudiys; Y%S ,xlka .=jka fiajd iud.ug fyda iSudiys;
yska,xld ^mqoa.,sl& iud.ug" tu iud.f fYaI
wjYH;djhka wkqj m.Kl uDldx. mdh i`oyd
,nd u u; Y%S ,xldfjka msg; h iud.ulg yjq,a
jHdmdrhlg fyda fjk;a mqoa., uKav,hlg lrkq ,nk
f.ulg wod<j ,efnk fyda Wm; jk ,dN iy
wdodh u; tu rfgys f.h hq;= noao i`oyd iykhla"
Y%S ,xldj yd tu rg w;r n,d;aul jk oa;aj nlrKh
je<elau i`oyd jk .siqula fkdmeje;au u;
fkd,efnkafka k fyda tu wfkla rfgys tu fiajd
iemhSu fjkqfjka noaola f.ug fkdue;s k
h ;eke;af;l= fyda yjq,a jHdmdrhla iska Y%S ,xldf
h jrdhla ;=< tys iSudj we;=<; h jHdmdrhla
lrf.k hk w;r;=r bgq lrkq ,nk lsish fiajdjlska
,nk ,dN iy wdodh

Y%S ,xldf h jrdh mhka;hla l%shd;aul lsu i`oyd jQ

h jHjidhlska h ;eke;af;l=g Woa.;jk fyda Wm;
jk ,dN iy wdodh
^13 jk j.ka;sh ixfYdaOkh flf&
2

tl;= l< w.h u; noao ^2012 wxl 14 ork tl;= l< w.h u; n mk;g ixfYdaOk&
2'1
kg mj;sk ;ks n wkqm%udKh ldKav ;=kla olajd ixfYdaOkh flf'
ishhg 0" ishhg 8 l iu; wkqm%udKh iy ishhg 12'5 l by< wkqm%udKh
NdKav wmkhk iy foaY uqo,ska f. ,nk Y%S ,xldfjka msg;g fiajd iemhSu ishhg 0
fiajd wxYh - ishhg 12'5
NdKav ksIamdokh fyda wdkhkh - ishhg 8 ^fhojq n iSud Wmu iSud lsug
hg;aj&
2'2

,s ixfoaY WmlrK yd hkaf;%damlrK ;U lo we;=,;aj ,s ixfoaY fiajd

i`oyd jk Wiia ;dlaIKsl WmlrK wdkhkh iy iemhSu u; j;udkfha ,nd
we;s ksoyia ls bj;a flf'

2'3

f;d. iy is,a,r fj<`odu ^ksIamdolhka fyda wdkhklrejka iska lsKSu yer& tl;=
l< w.h u; noafoka bj;a lrkq ,ef'

2'4

kg mj;sk iSudj ld;=jlg re' ,shk 3 fyda jirlg re' ,shk 12 olajd
ixfYdaOkh flf'

cd;sh f.dvke.Sf noao ^2009 wxl 9 ork cd;sh f.dvke.Sf n mk; i`oyd ixfYdaOk&
3'1

cd;sh f.dvke.Sf noao i`oyd kg mj;sk wkqm%udKh ishhg 4 olajd ixfYdaOkh

flf'

3'2

my; lafjk NdKav iy fiajd i`oyd kg mj;sk ksoyia ls bj;a flf

- ,s ixfoaY fiajd
- ,s n,h iemhSu
- ,sysis f;,a

3'3

kg mj;sk iSudj ld;=jlg re' ,shk 3 olajd ixfYdaOkh lrkq ,nk w;r"
foaYSh ,.;a lDIsldl ksIamdok lsKSug iQodk lsu i`oyd yer ld;=jlg
112

re' ,shk 25 l iSudj bj;a lrkq ,ef'

4

fldgia yqjudre noao ^2005 wxl 5 ork uqo,a mkf;a II jk fldgi i`oyka ixfYdaOkh&
2016 ckjd 1 jk k isg fldgia yqjudre noao bj;a lrkq ,ef'

bls ludka; wem wruqo,a noao - ^2005 wxl 5 ork uqo,a mkf;a II jk fldgi
ixfYdaOkh &
2016 ckjd 1 k isg bls ludka; wem wruqo,a noao bj;a lrkq ,ef'

iqfLdamfNda.S yd wO iqfLdamfNda.S fudag jdyk noao ^1995 wxl 16 ork uqo,a mkf;a II jk
fldgi ixfYdaOkh lsu&
2016 wfm%a,a 1 jk k isg iqfLdamfNda.S yd wO iqfLdamfNda.S fudag jdyk noao bj;a lrkq
,ef'

Tgq yd iQn ^1988 wxl 40 ork Tgq yd iQ n mk;g ixfYdaOk&

leisfkda fkdaoYd,j,g we;=,ajk iEu mqoa.,fhl=f.kau wh lrkq ,nk
(i)
we'fvd, 100 l .dia;=j bj;a lrkq ,ef'

(ii)

refkda jHdmdrh mj;ajdf.k hdu fjkqfjka jdIslj wh lrkq ,nk re'

,shk 200 l .dia;=j jIhlg re' ,shk 5 la olajd wvq flf'

(iii)

leisfkda jHdmdrh mj;ajdf.k hdu fjkqfjka jIhlg wh lrkq ,nk re'

,shk 200 l .dia;=j re' ,shk 400 la olajd je flf'

(iv)

w;=re whjefhaoS mkjk ,o tlajrla muKla f.h hq;= leisfkda ludka; noao
fkdf.u fyda f.u meyer yeug wod, h l%shdjla inkaOfhka tu
jHdmdrfha wOHlaIljreka fyda fldgialrejka mqoa.,slj j.lSug hg;a lsu
i`oyd uqo,a mk; ixfYdaOkh lsu'

wdl fiajd .dia;= ^2006 wxl 13 ork wdl fiajd .dia;= mk;g ixfYdaOk&
,dN ,nk jHdmdr i`oyd j;udkfha mj;sk ksoyi bj;a flf'
(i)
j;udkfha mj;sk jIhlg f.h hq;= noafoa Wmu iSudj jk re' ,shk 120
(ii)
bj;a flf'
n wkqm%udK ishhg 0'25 isg ishhg 0'5 olajd je flf'
(iii)
2016 wfm%a,a 1 jk k isg f.h hq;= wdodh noaog ys, lsu i`oyd f.jk ,o
(iv)
wdl fiajd .dia;=j bhg f.k hd yels ld, iSudj jk jir 5 l ld,h jir
3 la olajd wvq flf'
^wdl fiajd .dia;= mkf;a wod< Odk ixfYdaOkh flf&

wdl fiajd .dia;= mkf;a wod< j.ka;s ixfYdaOkh flf'

9

iqrdn
u;ameka ksIamdok n,m;% .dia;= iy n wkqm%udK ixfYdaOkh flf'

10

ksIamdok ^fYaI Odk& noao

iyk iy wkqm%udK ixfYdaOkh flf'

11

f.= n
j;udkfha mj;sk ishhg 0" ishhg 7'5 ishhg 15 iy ishhg 25la jk ldKav 4
(i)
lska hq;a ;Sren jHqyh ishhg 0" ishhg 15 iy ishhg 30 f,i fjkia flf'
(ii)
my; i`oyka whs;u u; f.= .dia;= ixfYdaOkh flf:
- fld<" " we`." mdjyka" h" jhska" ials yd t;fkda,a
- lDIsldl hkaf;%damlrK iy WmlrK" ls ludka;hg fhdod .kq ,nk
hkaf;%damlrK iy WmlrK iy ud`M ,a
- l%Svd WmlrK iy ix.S; NdKav
- fkdaod;aul rej,a hd;%d" lerjEka ue" r< u; ,siaidhdf WmlrK yd l=vd
ixpdrl fndagq
ks
f
Ia
O ,ehsia;=f i`oyka we;e whs;uhka ^ms`.ka .fvd,a" firla yd ikSmdrlaIl
(iii)
Wmdx.&bj;a flf'
113

(iv)
(v)

ol=Kq wdishdkq ksoyia fj<`o .siqf ;Sre n ksoyia lsf m<uq whr Y%S ,xldj
iska 2015 fkdjen ui 21 k isg imQK flfrkq we;'
Y%S ,xldj ol=Kq wdishdkq ksoyia fj<`o .siqu hgf;a 2015 foien jk g isl<
hq;= ;Sre n ksoyia lsf fojk whr 2015 fkdjen ui 21 k isg imQK
flfrkq we;'

2016 fkdjen 20 jk k isg n,meje;afjk m wkqm%udK fjkia u i`oyka lr .ei

ksfokhla ksl=;a flf'
12

jrdh iy .=jkaf;dgqm, ixjOk noao

^2011 wxl 18 ork jrdh iy .=jkaf;dgqm, ijxOk n mk;g ixfYdaOk&
(i). jrdh iy .=jkaf;dgqm, ixjOk noao ishhg 5 isg ishhg 7'5 olajd je lrkq ,ef'
(ii). ixpdrlhka iska ho lsu u;a lru i`oyd iuyr bf,lafg%dksl yd ,s
WmlrK i`oyd jk n wkqm%udKh ishhg 5 isg ishhg 2'5 olajd wvq lrkq ,ef'
(iii). iuyr hkaf;%damlrK u; kg mj;sk ishhg 5 l wkqmd;h bj;a lrkq ,ef'
^wkqm%udKh fjkiau i`oyka lr wod< .ei ksfokh ksl=;a lrkq ,ef&

13

ixpdrl ixjOk .dia;=j bj;a lrkq ,ef'

14

fYaI fj<`o NdKav noao

(i). foaYSh jHdmdr u;a lsu i`oyd wdkhkh lrkq ,nk ud iy ud wdY%s; ksIamdok
i`oyd jk fYaI fj<`o NdKav noao je flf'
(ii). iuyr NdKav i`oyd jk wkqm%udK ixfYdaOkh flf'
wkqm%udK fjkia i`oyka lr wod< .ei ksfokh ksl=;a lrkq ,ef'

15

fiia
(i)
(ii)

fiia n bj;a ls ( tl;= l< w.h iys; ksIamdok wmkhk .ekau i`oyd
.ia" lrdnq ke iy idlald i`oyd jk fiia noao bj;a flf'
fiia n y`kajd u ( foaYSh jHdmdr u;a lsu i`oyd wdkhksl iajKdNdrK
i`oyd ishhg 10 l fiia noaola y`kajd fokq ,ef'

16

bv ^ika;lh meju iSudlsf& mk;

h y`kd.;a wdfhdack i`oyd ika;lh meju iSudlsu bj;a flf'
(i)
bv n u u; jk noao bj;a flf
(ii)
2014 wxl 38 orK bv ^ika;lh meju iSud lsf& mkf;a wod< j.ka;s ixfYdaOkh
flf

17

uqoaor .dia;=( ^2007 wxl 12 ork uqoaor .dia;= ^fYaI Odk& mk; ixfYdaOkh &
j;udkfha mj;sk ner ldm;a mdh u; jk ishhg 1'5 l uqoaor .dia;=j
(i)
^iEu re' 1000 la u; re' 15 l .dia;=jla & foaYSh mdh u; muKla bj;a
flf'
(ii) foaYSh" , .ekS i`oyd ner ldm;a mdh fjkqfjka uqoaor .dia;=j ishhg
2'5 la olajd je flf' ^iEu re' 1000 la u; re' 25 l .dia;=jla&
(iii) 2016 ckjd 1 jk k isg zfldgia iy;slhZ u; jk uqoaor .dia;=j bj;a flf'

2016 ckjd 1 jk fkka miqj jk .kqfokq u; n wkqm%udK fjkia u n,mdkq ,nk

w;r n wkqm%udK fjkia inkaOfhka .ei ksfokhla ksl=;a flf'
18

ukar noao ^2015 wxl 10 ork uqo,a mkf;a VIII jk fldgi &
2016 ckjd 1 jk k isg iydm;H foam, ukar noafoka ksoyia flf ukar
(i)
noaog wod< m<uq jdlh 2016 ud;= 31 jk k fyda tkg fmr f.h hq;=h'
^2015 wxl 10 ork uqo,a mkf;a ^VIII) jk fldgi ixfYdaOkh flf'

19

,s ixfoaY .dia;=
,efnk weu;= u; cd;Hka;r ,s ixfoaY kshduk .dia;=j we' fvd, Y; 9
(i)
isg we'fvd, Y; 12 olajd je flf'
tla l=Kla u; jirlg re' 50"000 la jk mdil .dia;=jla wh flf'
(ii)
cd;Hka;r ixl%uk rl:k weu;= u; whl< ishhg 2 l fiia noao bj;a
(iii)
flf'
114

by; ixfYdaOk 2016 ckjd ui 1 jk k isg l%shd;aul f'

20

fjk;a n iy .dia;=
ksIamdokh i`oyd jk n,m;% .dia;=j re' 1"500 isg re' 5"000 olajd je
(i)
flf'
wm.uk noao we' fvd, 25 isg we'fvd, 30 olajd je flf'
(ii)
.uka n,m;% ,nd .ekSf .dia;=j my; m ixfYdaOkh flf'
(iii)
- tla k fiajd .dia;=j - jeyshka i`oyd - re' 10"000
- tla k fiajd .dia;=j - orejka i`oyd - re' 5"000
- idudkH fiajd .dia;=j jeyshka i`oyd - re' 3"000
- idudkH fiajd .dia;=j - orejka i`oyd - re' 2"000
2016 ckjdrs 1 jk osk isg l%shd;aul f'
oa;aj mqrjeishka i`oyd jk wh`m;% .dia;=j re' 250"000 isg re' 300"000 olajd
(iv)
je lrkq ,nk w;r idla id i`oyd .dia;=j we' fvd, 10 isg we' fvd,
20 olajd je flf'
foaY wdfhdack u;a lsu i`oyd foaYslhkaag kj jdisl id .dia;= l%uhla
(v)
my; m y`kajd fokq ,ef'
- wjqre 3 l jdisl id i`oyd we'fvd, 250"000$- l .dia;=jla
iy
- iar jdisl mqoa.,fhl=u i`oyd we'fvd, ,shk 5 l .dia;=jla wh
flf'
iud. ,shdmx .dia;=j
(vi)
iud. friag%d fj; ,shdmx we;s ishu iud. fjkqfjka jdIsl
n,m;% .dia;=jla wh flf'
- mqoa.,sl iud. re' 60"000
- ks, ,ehsia;=.; iud. re' 500"000
- fjk;a re' 100"000
iud. friag%d fj; f.h hq;= f' ^l%shdld fkdjk iud. o we;=j&
(vii)

iud. ,shmx f .dia;=( j;udkfha mj;sk wkqmd;h 2016 ckjd 1 jk

k isg ixfYdaOkh flf

(viii)

iud.ula iafPdfjka wEjr lsu(

re' 2 50"000 l .dia;=jla iafPdfjka wEjr lsf wh flf'

(ix)

iEu jHdmdl wdh;khlau k.r iSudj ;=< jk k.r iNdf re' 100 l kdl
.dia;=jla f.jd ,shdmx h hq;=h'

(x)

wnoao( ishhg 40l n wkqm%udKhlg wdodh noaog hg;a jQ fld<"

uoHidr iy Tgq fyda iQ jHdmdr j,ska ,efnk ,dN iy wdodh u; 2016
wfm%a,a 1 jk k isg wdrN jk h ;lafiare jIhla i`oyd f.h hq;=
wdodh noafoka ishhg 25 l wkqm%udKhlg wnoaola mkjkq ,ef'
ud. wk;=re i`oyd ov uqo,( ud. wk;=re inkaOfhka j.lsj hq;=
mqoa.,hkaf.ka re' 10"000 l ov uqo,la wh flf' Bg wu;rj rcfha foam,
i`oyd isjk ydks ^we;ak& i`oyd tys msjeh f.h hq;=h'

(xi)

(xii)

(xiii)

jdyk ;lafiare iy;sl .dia;=j( 2016 ckjd 1 jk k isg jdyk i`oyd l,an
myiql ,nd .ekSf ,nd .kq ,nk ;lafiare iy;slh i`oyd my; m
.dia;=jla wh lrkq ,ef'
- ;%sfrdao r:$ fudag nhsisl,a- re' 5"000
- wfkl=;a ish jdyk - re' 25"000
2016 ud;= 31 kg fmr ,shdmx fkdlrk ,o jdyk ,shdmxh( tu jdyk
,shdmxh inkaOfhka frdaOhla fkdolajd fudag r: m%jdyk ,shdmx
fomd;fka;=f my; m .dia;= f.jd ,shdmx l< yel
- fudag ld$jEka r: - re' ,shk 1
- wksl=;a jdyk - re' ,shk 0'75
115

(xiv)

(xv)
(xvi)

(xvii)
(xviii)

(xix)
21

22

jdyk ysl .dia;=j( 2016 ckjd 1 jk k isg jdyk i`oyd Khjr ,smsh
jD; lsug fmr zfudag jdyk ,shdmx .dia;=jla mkjkq ,nk w;r th
foaYSh wdodh flduidia ckdrd,ajrhd fj; my; m f.h hq;=h
j.h
jdyk .dia;=j
fudag nhsisl,a $ ;%S,
re' 2"000
fudag ld
re' 15"000
wxl ;yvq fjkafoaish ( ;hg tla jr la muKla ,nd.; yels woa;Sh ;yvq
wxlhla re' ,shk 2'5 la f.jd ,nd .; yel'
jdhq fudapk .dia;=( wjqre 3 lg jvd merKs jdyk i`oyd jdIsl wdodh
n,m;%h ,nd .ekSf re' 5"000 l .dia;=jla m%dfoaYSh f,al ldhd,h fj;
f.h hq;= f'
fudag jdyk n,m;% .dia;= 2016 ckjd 1 jk k isg ixfYdaOkh lrkq
,ef
we`. iy mdjyka i`oyd wdkhk n
wmkhk keUqre iud.ula iska foaYSh fj<`ofmdf<a we`.
(i)
l=kKq ,nk wjia:djl ^tl;= l< w.h u; n mkf;a 22 ^1&
j.ka;shg fhduqj& j;udkfha whlrkq ,nk ixhqla; noao
^wdkhk wjia:df & re ' 200 olajd je flf'
mdjyka foaYSh fj<`omf,a l=Kkq ,nk wmkhk keUqre iud.
(ii)
i`oyd o tu wkqmd;h wod< jk m mq,a lrkq ,ef'
fr iy lE,s fr i`oyd wod< jk wkqmd;hka fkdfjkiaj mj;S'
(iii)
wdfhdack uKv,fha ,shdmx we;s wmkhk keUqre iud.
(iv)
iska foaYSh fj<`ofmdf<a wmkhk .=K;ajfha ksIamdok l=Kkq
,nkafka k th iud.f uQ l=Kqj,ska ishhg 5 lg iSud h
hq;= w;r th by; i`oyka wkqmd;hka hgf;a noaog hg;a h hq;=h
tla u.sfhl= fjkqfjka cd;Hka;r lm;a i`oyd we'fvd' 2 l .dia;=jla .=jka
iud. u; mkjkq ,ef'

;dlaIKsl fodaI iy mmd,k m%;smdok ksrdlrKh

2006 wxl 10 ork foaYSh wdodh mk;" 2002 wxl 14 ork tl;= l< w.h u; n mk;"
2009 wxl 9 ork cd;sh f.dvke.Sf n mk;" 2006 wxl 13 ork wdl fiajd .dia;= mk;"
uqo,a mk;a iy uqo,a ^ixfYdaOk& mk;a" 1988 wxl 40 ork Tgq yd iQn mk;" 2010 wxl 16
ork meyer yers n wh lr .ekSf ^fYaI Odk& mk;" 2011 wxl 21 ork ,s ixfoaY
n mk;" 2011 wxl 18 ork .=jkaf;dgqm, ixjOk n mk; " 2011 wxl 23 ork n
wNshdpkd fldika iNd mk; " 1969 wxl 1 ork wdkhk iy wmkhk ^md,k& mk; " 2014
wxl 38 ork bv ^ika;lh meju iSud lsf& mk; iy 2008 wxl 14 ork Wmdh ud.
ixjOk jHdmD;s mk; hk mk;aj, we;e Odkhkays Iu;djhka iy wkfmalaIs;
m%;sM,hla ^mj;k fjkial o we;=j& ksfodia lsu i`oyd wjYH ixfYdaOkhka lrkq
we;'
fhdackd l%shd;aul jk khka
fjk;a wdldrhlg i`oyka lr fkdue;af;a k fhdackd l%shd;aul jk khka my; i`oyka
m f
wdodh n iy wdl fiajd .dia;= inkaOfhka jk fhdackd 2016 wfma%,a 1 jk
(i)
k isg f'
tl;= l< w.h u; noao iy cd;sh f.dvke.Sf noao" Tgq yd iQ noao" bv
(ii)
^ika;lh meju iSud lsf& mk; ikaOfhka jk fhdackd 2016 ckjd 1 k
isg f
fiia" jrdh yd .=jkaf;dgqm, ixjOk noao" f.= n" ksIamdok ^fYaI Odk&
(iii)
n iy fYaI fj<`o NdKav n jydu n,meje;afjk m l%shdjg kxjkq ,ef'

116