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ScoreinBiologyP3
September8,2013bySMJKNanHwainExam.

(http://smjknh.edu.my/spm)

Subject:BiologySPM
Title:Answering
TechniquesPaper2
Source:SMK
KOLOMBONGKOTA
KINABALU
Author:KennethNg
PAPER3:QUESTION1
ThefollowingscientificskillsaretestedinQuestion1:
1.OBSERVATION
QUESTION:Statetwoobservations.
ANSWER:Writedownwhatcanbeobservedonly.Donotdoanyanalysis,comparisonorconclusion.Formost
experiments,theobservationcanbewrittenintheform:
The.(respondingvariable)..at..(manipulatedvariable)is(statereadingofmeasuringinstrument)
(Writetheobservationforthehighestandlowestvalueoftherespondingvariable.)

(Writetheobservationforthehighestandlowestvalueoftherespondingvariable.)
Example:
Thetimetakenforthestarchtobecompletelyhydrolysedat
5oCis45minutes.
Thetimetakenforthestarchtobecompletelyhydrolysedat
40oCis5minutes.
2.INFERENCE
Stateoneinferencewhichcorrespondstoeachobservation.Aninferenceisabriefexplanationoftheobservation,basedonscientific
knowledgewhichyoualreadyknow.
Example:
Thetimetakenforstarchtobecompletelyhydrolysedat5oCis45minutesbecausethelowtemperaturecausestheenzymestoreact
slowlywiththesubstrate.
Thetimetakenforstarchtobecompletelyhydrolysedat5oCis5minutesbecausethehighertemperaturecausestheenzymestoreact
quicklywiththesubstrate.
3.MEASURINGANDUSINGNUMBERS
Recordthereadingofthermometer,stopwatch,ruleretc.fromthegivendiagram.
4.COMMUNICATING
Constructthetablewiththemanipulatedvariableasthefirstcolumnandtherespondingvariableasthesecondcolumn.Dataderived
orcalculatedfromthesecondcolumncanbeaddedtothethirdcolumn.Showthecalculationsinthethirdcolumnitself.Unitsof
measurementsshouldbewrittentogetherwithtabletitles,notwithreadings.
Example

Temperature/

Timeforstarchtobe

Rateofreaction

oC

completely
hydrolysed/

/min1

min
5

10

1/10=0.1

15

1/5=0.2

30

1/2=0.5

5.INTERPRETINGDATA
Explain/statetherelationshipbetweenmanipulatedandrespondingvariablesasobtainedfromagraphoftheresults.
Example:Asthetemperatureincreasesfrom5oCto45oC,thetimetakenforthecompletehydrolysisofstarchdecreasesfrom45
minutesto5minutes.
6.CONTROLLINGVARIABLES
Variables

Describehowyoucontrolthevariables

Statethevariable

Useactionwordsandnamethe
instrumentsused

MANIPULATED

Use/.

Temperature

Useathermometertomeasurethe
temperatureofthewaterbathandaddice
orwarmwatertomaintainthetemperature
ofthewaterbath.Placethetesttubesinthe
differentwaterbaths.

RESPONDING

Record/measureusing.

Timetakenfor
complete

Recordthetimetakenfortheenzyme
substratemixturetoloseitsbluecolour.

hydrolysisof
starch
CONTROLLED

Usethesame/Maintain

Concentrationof
enzyme

Usethesameamountofenzyme(1ml)in
eachoftheexperiment.

7.MAKINGHYPHOTHESIS
Abletostatethehypothesiscorrectlybasedonthefollowingcriteria:
Statethemanipulatedvariable
Statetherespondingvariable
Relatethemanipulatedvariableandtherespondingvariable(donotusevaguerelationshipslikeaffectsorinfluenceorchanges
with).Committousingtermslike:increaseswith/decreaseswith.
8.PREDICTING
QUESTION:Iftheexperimentisrepeated..,predicttheobservation
ANSWER:Giveavalueorrelevantstatemente.g.the(respondingvariable)willbehigher/lowerthan(thevalueinthefirst
experiment)followedbyathereason
EXAMPLE:Whatwilltherateoftranspirationbeatfanspeed
3,iftheexperimentisrepeatedinthedark?
Thetranspirationrateatfanspeed3willbelessthen(valuerecorded)becausethestomataisclosedinthedarkandlesswaterwillbe

Thetranspirationrateatfanspeed3willbelessthen(valuerecorded)becausethestomataisclosedinthedarkandlesswaterwillbe
lossthroughthem.
9.DEFININGOPERATIONALLY
Giveadefinitionbasedonthecontextoftheexperiment.EXAMPLE1:Anexperimentiscarriedouttoinvestigate
photosynthesisandthenumberofbubblesreleasediscounted.Theoperationaldefinitionofphotosynthesiswouldthenbe:
Photosynthesisistheprocesswheregreenplantsreleasebubblesinthepresenceoflight,carbondioxideandwater.
EXAMPLE2:Anexperimentiscarriedouttoinvestigatephotosynthesisandleavesaretestedwithiodinesolutionforthepresenceof
starch.Theoperationaldefinitionofphotosynthesiswouldbe:
Photosynthesisistheprocesswheregreenleavesinthepresenceoflight,carbondioxideandwater,producestarchwhichturnsiodine
solutiondarkblue.
EXAMPLE3:Anexperimentiscarriedouttoinvestigatetranspirationunderdifferentfanspeeds.Theoperationaldefinitionof
transpirationwouldbe:
Transpirationistheprocesswhereaplantloseswatertothesurroundingwhichisindicatedbythemovementofwaterorairbubblein
thecapillarytubeandisaffectedbyspeedoftheaircurrent.
(Youshouldincludethevariablesinthecontextoftheexperiment/experimentalconditionsand.)
10.CLASSIFYING
Groupthematerialsorapparatuslistedusingatablewiththeheadingsprovided.Groupthemaccordingtotheirfunctioninthe
experiment.
11.USINGSPACETIMERELATIONSHIP
Statethechangesoftherespondingvariablewithtime.Userelationshipwordslikeincreaseswith/decreaseswith/remainsconstant
with/increasesproportionatelywith/etc.Donotuseneutralrelationshiptermslikeaffects/influences/changeswith.
PAPER3:QUESTION2
Thisquestiontestsstudentsabilitytoplananexperimentinagivenformat.Studentsmusthaveallofthefollowing:

Thisquestiontestsstudentsabilitytoplananexperimentinagivenformat.Studentsmusthaveallofthefollowing:
1.Problemstatement
2.Aimofinvestigation
3.Variables
4.Hypothesis
5.Listofapparatusandmaterials
6.Techniqueused
7.Experimentalprocedureormethod
8.Presentationofdata
9.Conclusion
1.PROBLEMSTATEMENT
MustbewrittenintheformofaquestionEndwithaquestionmark.
Eg.DoespHaffecttheactivityofamylase?
2.OBJECTIVE
Writedowntheobjectiveasgiveninthequestion.
Eg.ToinvestigatetheeffectofpHontheactivityofamylase?
3.VARIABLES:
Writedown3variables.(Manipulatedvariable,respondingvariableandcontrolledvariable.Thecontrolledvariable
mustbeonethatwillaffecttheoutcomeoftheexperimentifnotkeptconstant.)
4.HYPOTHESIS

4.HYPOTHESIS
Abletostatethehypothesiscorrectlybasedonthefollowingcriteria:
Statethemanipulatedvariable
Statetherespondingvariable
Relatethemanipulatedvariableandtherespondingvariable
5.MATERIALSANDAPPARATUS
Listdownallthematerialsandapparatusused.
6.TECHNIQUE
Inacompletesentence,writedownwhatisobservedormeasured(includetheinstrumentused).Statethespecificnameofthe
techniquewhereapplicable.
Example:
(i)MeasureandrecordthevolumeoffruitjuicesneededtodecolorizeblueDCPIP,usingasyringe.
(ii)Measureandrecordtheinitialandfinaltemperatureofthewaterintheboilingtubeusingathermometer.
7.PROCEDURE
Writedowneachstepclearlyandsystematically.Yourstepsshouldinclude:
Stepswhereyoudescribehowapparatusandmaterialsarehandled.
Stepswhereyoudescribehowthecontrolledvariableismaintained
Stepswhereyoudescribehowthemanipulatedvariableisaltered
Stepswhereyoudescribehowtherespondingvariableismeasuredandtheinstrumenttobeused.
Precautionarystepswhichensuresafety/improveaccuracyofreadings.

Precautionarystepswhichensuresafety/improveaccuracyofreadings.
(writethestepsasasetofinstructionsordirectspeechandnotinpassivespeech)
8.PRESENTATIONOFDATA
Constructthetablewiththecorrecttitlesandunits.Leavethetableblank.Theexperimentisnotcarriedoutyet,sotheresultsarenotyet
available.
9.CONCLUSION
Repeatormodifythehypothesissentence.Youmaythenwritewhetherthehypothesisisacceptedorrejected.
Subject:BiologySPM
Title:Q&AinAnswering
TechniquesPaper2
Source:BerryBerryEasy
Author:MissIsabelle
Wong

Q&AinAnsweringQuestionsforBiologyPaper2
Paper3
TheSPMquestionPaper3(AnswerallquestionsQuestion1and2only)consistof50marksintotal.Inthispaper,studentsneedto
answerallquestions.Question1consistsof33marksandQuestion2consistsof17marks.Themarksforeachquestionrangefrom0
(wrongresponse),1(idealevelresponse),2(inaccurateresponse)to3(accurateresponse)marksforeachquestions.Paper3Biology
involveswithverydetailedcriteriaofmarking.
1)Howtostatetheobservation?
Usuallyitinvolvestwocriteria.

Usuallyitinvolvestwocriteria.
Example1
StatetwodifferentobservationsmadefromTable1.(NyatakanduapemerhatianyangberbezayangdibuatdaripadaJadual1).Q1(b)(i)(3
marks).
Idealevelresponse(1mark):
Thetimetakenisdifferentforeachtemperature.
Temperatureinfluencestimetakenforiodinesolutionremainsyellowish.
Nofullmarkswillbegivenifstudentsdidnotmeetthe2criteriaofanswerandtheworddifferent/influenceisnotspecific.
Studentsmusttrytoavoidthesewords.
Accurateresponse(3marks):
P1:Temperatureofwaterbath
P2:Timetakenforiodinesolutiontoremainyellowish
(Horizontalobservation)
Attemperature5C,timetakenforiodinesolutionremainsyellowishis12minutes.
Attemperature37C,timetakenforiodinesolutionremainsyellowishis3minutes.
Attemperature55C,timetakenforiodinesolutionremainsyellowishis15minutes.
(Verticalobservation)
Timetakenforiodinesolutionremainyellowishfortemperature37Cisfasterthan5C/28C/45C/55C//Viceversa
2)HowtostateinferenceinPaper3Biology?
Similartoobservation,inferenceinvolves2criteria.
Example2
Statetheinferencewhichcorrespondstotheobservationsin1(b)(i).(Nyatakaninferensyangsepadandenganpemerhatiandi1(b)(i)).Q1

Statetheinferencewhichcorrespondstotheobservationsin1(b)(i).(Nyatakaninferensyangsepadandenganpemerhatiandi1(b)(i)).Q1
(b)(ii)
Idealevelresponse(1mark):
Temperatureinfluencestheenzymereaction.
Accurateresponse(3marks):
P1:Rateofenzymereaction
P2:Low/High(Reject:Lowest/Highest)
(Horizontalinference)
Attemperature5C,therateofenzyme(amylase)reactionislow/decreases/longer/lower.
Attemperature37C/optimumtemperature,therateofenzymereactionishigh.
Attemperature55C,therateofenzymereactionislow.
(Verticalinference)
Attemperature37C,therateofenzymereactionishigherthantherateofenzymereactionat5C/28C/45C/55C//viceversa.
3)Howtogetfullmarksinhypothesisforanexperiment?
SimilartothehypothesisinChemistryPaper3,itmustalwaysstartwithmanipulatedvariableandfollowsbyrespondingvariables.
Example3
Statethehypothesisforthisexperiment.(Nyatakanhipotesisbagieksperimenini.)Q1(d)
Idealevelresponse(1mark):
Thetemperaturesinfluencetheenzymereaction.
Accurateresponse(3marks):
P1:Manipulatedvariable(temperature)

P1:Manipulatedvariable(temperature)
P2:Respondingvariable(timetakenforiodinesolutionremainyellowish/rateofenzyme(amylase)reaction/activity)
Hypothesis:relationshipofP1andP2(MV+RV)
Thehigherthetemperature,thehighertherateofenzymereaction/timetakenforiodinesolutionremainyellowish(untilit
reachestheoptimumtemperature)
Whenthetemperatureincreases,therateofenzymereactionalsoincrease(untiltheoptimumtemperature)
4)HowtodrawthegraphcorrectlyinPaper3Biology?
SALorSAPwhichisS=Shape,A=AxisandL=Label/P=Point.Besidesthat,studentmustremembertowritethetitleofthegraph.
5)HowtoexplaintherelationshipinBiology?
InBiologyPaper3,itismorespecifiedascomparedtoChemistry.Studentsmustprovidethemanipulatedvariablefirstandfollowby
respondingvariableandusuallyforthemanipulatedvariablemusthavetwosupportingtheoriesandabriefconclusion.
Example4
Basedonthegraphin1(e)(ii),explaintherelationshipbetweenrateofenzymereactionandtemperature.(Berdasarkankepadagrafdi1
(e)(ii),terangkanhubunganantarakadartindakbalasenzimdengansuhu.)Q1(f)
Idealevelresponse(1mark):
Thehigherofthetemperature,thehighertherateofenzymereaction.
(Hypothesisstatement)
Accurateresponse(3marks):
Studentsmuststatetherelationshipbetweentherateofenzymereactionandthetemperaturebaseoncriteria:
R1Relationship:thetemperatureincreases,therateofenzymereactionalsoincrease.(Theory1)
R2Explanation1:at37C//atoptimumtemperaturethestarchhydrolyse(completelybyamylase/enzyme)(Theory2)
R3Explanation2:atthemaximumrate(Briefconclusion)
Astemperatureincreases(MV),therateofenzymereactionincreases(RV).Atoptimumtemperaturethestarch

Astemperatureincreases(MV),therateofenzymereactionincreases(RV).Atoptimumtemperaturethestarch
washydrolysed(completely)byamylaseatthemaximumrate.
6)Howtoanswerthelastquestion(Questionnumber2)?
Thereare9subsections(total17marks)thatstudentsneedtoanswer.Themarkdistributionisasfollowed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Problemstatement(Penyataanmasalah)(3marks)
Objective(Objektif)(1mark)
Variables(Pembolehubahpembolehubah)(1mark)
Hypothesis(Hipotesis)(3marks)
Listofmaterialandapparatus(Senaraibahandanradasdigunakan)(3marks)
Techniqueused(Teknikyangdigunakan)(1mark)
Experimentalprocedureormethod(Kaedahatauprosedureksperimen)(3marks)
Presentationofdata(Caradatadipersembahkan)(1mark)
Conclusion(Kesimpulan)(1mark)

1)Problemstatement(3marks)
Problemstatementmustbeinquestionform.
i.e.
Does(MV)affect(RV)ofxxx?
Howdoes(MV)affectthe(RV)ofxxx)?
Whatistheeffectof(MV)onthe(RV)?
2)Objective(1mark)
Itisastatementform:
i.e.
Todeterminetheeffectof(MV)onthe(RV)ofaxxx.
Tostudytheeffectof(MV)onthe(RV)ofaxxx
Toinvestigatetheeffectof(MV)onthe(RV)ofaxxx
3)Variables(1mark)
Theentirevariables(MV,RVandFV)mustbecorrecttogainonemarksfromhere.
4)Hypothesis(3marks)

4)Hypothesis(3marks)
Thehypothesismuststartwithmanipulatedvariableandfollowbyrespondingvariable(MV+RV)
5)Listofmaterialandapparatus(3marks)
Studentsneedtoseparatethelistofmaterialwiththelistofapparatus.
i.e.
Apparatus:photometer,stopwatch,cutter,beaker,meterrule,basin,marker/thread
Material:Balsamplant,water,Vaseline/grease,drycloth
6)Techniqueused(1mark)
Studentsneedtostatethetechniqueusedincarryingouttheexperimentcorrectly.
i.e.
Measureandrecordthetimetakenfortheairbubbletomoveadistanceof2cmbyusingastopwatch.
7)Experimentalprocedureormethod(3marks)
StudentsareabletomentionalltheMV,RVandFVinthesentence.
8)Presentationofdata(1mark)
Studentsareabletodrawacompletetableandrecordtherelevantdatabaseon3criteria.
9)Conclusion(1mark)
Studentsareabletowriteasuitableconclusionfortheexperiment.
i.e.
Therhigher/lower(MV),thehigher/lower(RV).Hypothesisisaccepted/rejected.

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