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#Formula
Name
Note
w (%) ro (g/mL)
CH3COOH Acetic acid
Acetic acid //99.5% CH3COOH //Clear, colorless liquid wi
th pungent odor. //Molar mass = 60.0520 g/mol //CAS No. [64-19-7] //Boiling poin
t 118C //Density (99.5%, 20C) 1.05 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH value at 10 g/L (H
2O, 20C): ~2.5 99.5
1.05
CH3COOH Octena kiselina
19.5
1.0001
CH3COCH3
Acetone Acetone //CH3COCH3 //Colorless, volatile liquid with swe
etish odor. Highly flammable. //Molar mass = 58.0791 g/mol //CAS No. [67-64-1] /
/Boiling point 56C //Density (99.5%, 20C) 0.79 g/mL. //Soluble in water
99.5
0.79
AlCl3 Aluminium chloride
Aluminium chloride //AlCl3 //White or yellowish
crystals with pungent odor. //Molar mass = 133.341 g/mol //CAS No. [7446-70-0] /
/Sublimes at 178C //Solubility in water (20C): 450 g/L (decomposition) //pH value
at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~2.4
0
AlCl3+6H2O
Aluminium chloride hexahydrate Aluminium chloride hexahydrate /
/AlCl3+6H2O //Colourless, deliquescent, crystaline powder with sweet astringent
taste. //Molar mass = 241.432 g/mol //CAS No. [7784-13-6] //Decomposes at 100C //
Solubility in water (20C): 1330 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~2.5
0
Al2(SO4)3
Aluminium sulfate
Aluminium sulfate //Al2(SO4)3 //White cr
ystals with sweet taste. //Molar mass = 342.151 g/mol //CAS No. [10043-01-3] //D
ecomposes at 1040C //Solubility in water (20C): 600 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O,
25C): ~3.5
0
Al2(SO4)3+18H2O Aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate
Aluminium sulfate octade
cahydrate //Al2(SO4)3+18H2O //White crystals with sweet taste. //Molar mass = 66
6.426 g/mol //CAS No. [7784-31-8] //Decomposes at 92C //Solubility in water (20C):
~600 g/L //pH value at 20 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~2.5-4.0
0
NH3
Ammonia Ammonia solution //25% NH3 in aqueous solution //Colorless liqui
d with strong odor. //Molar mass = 17.0305 g/mol //CAS No. [1336-21-6] //Boiling
point 37.7C //Density (25%, 20C): 0.91 g/mL. //pH value is strongly alkaline
25
0.91
NH4Cl Ammonium chloride
Ammonium chloride //NH4Cl //White crystals with
cool, saline taste. //Molar mass = 53.491 g/mol //CAS No. [12125-02-9] //Decompo
ses at 335C //Solubility in water (20C): 372 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~
4.5-5.5 0
NH4NO3 Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium nitrate //NH4NO3 //Colorless crystals.
//Molar mass = 80.0434 g/mol //CAS No. [6484-52-2] //Melting point 169.6C, decomp
oses at 210C with evolution nitrous oxide. //Solubility in water (20C): 1920 g/L /
/pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5.5 0
(NH4)2SO4
Ammonium sulfate
Ammonium sulfate //(NH4)2SO4 //Brownishgray to white crystals according to degree of purity. //Molar mass = 132.140 g/m
ol //CAS No. [7783-20-2] //Decomposes at 280C //Solubility in water (20C): 754 g/L
//pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5-6 0
BaCl2 Barium chloride Barium chloride //BaCl2 //White hygroscopic crystals. //
Molar mass = 208.233 g/mol //CAS No. [10361-37-2] //Melting point 963C //Solubili
ty in water (20C): 375 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5-8
0
BaCl2+2H2O
Barium chloride dihydrate
Barium chloride dihydrate //BaCl
2+2H2O //White, flat crystals. //Molar mass = 244.264 g/mol //CAS No. [10326-279] //Melting point 962C (release crystalline water) //Solubility in water (20C): 3
57 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5.2-8.2
0
Cd(NO3)2
Cadmium nitrate Cadmium nitrate //Cd(NO3)2 //White hygroscopic c
rystals. //Molar mass = 236.421 g/mol //CAS No. [10325-94-7] //Melting point 350C
//pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~3.9 0
Cd(NO3)2+4H2O Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate
Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate //C
d(NO3)2+4H2O //Colourless to white hygroscopic crystals. //Molar mass = 308.482

g/mol //CAS No. [10022-68-1] //Melting point 59C //Solubility in water (0C): 1090
g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~3.9
0
CaCl2 Calcium chloride
Calcium chloride //CaCl2 //White hygroscopic cry
stals or powder. //Molar mass = 110.984 g/mol //CAS No. [10043-52-4] //Melting p
oint 772C //Solubility in water (20C): 740 g/L //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~8
-10
0
CaCl2+2H2O
Calcium chloride dihydrate
Calcium chloride dihydrate //CaC
l2+2H2O //White hygroscopic flakes or powder. //Molar mass = 147.015 g/mol //CAS
No. [10035-04-8] //Melting point ~176C //Solubility in water (0C): ~1000 g/L //pH
value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~4.5-6.5 0
CaCl2+6H2O
Calcium chloride hexahydrate
Calcium chloride hexahydrate //C
aCl2+6H2O //White hygroscopic crystals. //Molar mass = 219.076 g/mol //CAS No. [
7774-34-7] //Melting point 30C //Solubility in water (0C): 5360 g/L //pH value at
50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5-7
0
CaCl2+H2O
Calcium chloride monohydrate
Calcium chloride monohydrate //C
aCl2+H2O //White hygroscopic crystals. //Molar mass = 128.999 g/mol //CAS No. [1
3477-29-7] //Melting point 260C //Solubility in water (0C): ~1000 g/L //pH value a
t 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~4.5-6.5 0
Cr2(SO4)3
Chromium(III) sulfate Chromium(III) sulfate //Cr2(SO4)3 //Redbrown crystals. //Molar mass = 392.180 g/mol //CAS No. [10101-53-8]
0
CrO3
Chromium(VI) oxide
Chromium(VI) oxide //CrO3 //Brown-black powder.
//Molar mass = 99.9943 g/mol //CAS No. [1333-82-0] //Melting point 197C //Solubil
ity in water (15C): 1660 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): <1
0
C6H8O7 Citric acid anhydrous Citric acid anhydrous //C6H8O7 //Colorless, tran
slucent crystals or powder //Molar mass = 192.1235 g/mol //CAS No. [77-92-9] //D
ecomposes at ~153C //Solubility in water (20C): 1330 g/L //pH value at 100 g/L (H2
O, 20C): ~1.7 0
C6H8O7+H2O
Citric acid monohydrate Citric acid monohydrate //C6H8O7+H2O //W
hite solid; efflorescent in dry air. //Molar mass = 210.1388 g/mol //CAS No. [77
-92-9] //Melting point ~135-153C (for the monohydrate). //Solubility in water (20C
): 1630 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~1.85
0
CuCl2 Copper(II) chloride
Copper(II) chloride //CuCl2 //Brownish-yellow hy
groscopic powder. //Molar mass = 134.452 g/mol //CAS No. [7447-39-4] //Melting p
oint 197C //Solubility in water (20C): 422 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~3.
5
0
CuCl2+2H2O
Copper(II) chloride dihydrate Copper(II) chloride dihydrate //
CuCl2+2H2O //Green, deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 170.483 g/mol //CAS No
. [10125-13-0] //Melting point 197C //Solubility in water (20C): 1150 g/L //pH val
ue at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 3.0-3.8
0
Cu(NO3)2+6H2O Copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate Copper(II) nitrate hexahydrate /
/Cu(NO3)2+6H2O //Blue-green, deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 295.647 g/mol
//CAS No. [13478-38-1] //Loses 3H2O at 26.4C 0
Cu(NO3)2+3H2O Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate //
Cu(NO3)2+3H2O //Blue, deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 241.602 g/mol //CAS
No. [10031-43-3] //Melting point ~114C //Solubility in water (20C): 2670 g/L //pH
value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~3-4
0
CuSO4 Copper(II) sulfate anhydrous
Copper(II) sulfate anhydrous //CuSO4 //W
hite-green amorphous powder or rhombohedral crystals. //Molar mass = 159.609 g/m
ol //CAS No. [7758-98-7] //Decomposes at 560C //Solubility in water (20C): 203 g/L
//pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 3.5-4.5
0
CuSO4+5H2O
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
//CuSO4+5H2O //Blue crystals with nauseous metallic taste. //Molar mass = 249.68
5 g/mol //CAS No. [7758-98-8] //Decomposes at 110C //Solubility in water (20C): ~3
17 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 3.5-4.5
0
Na2HPO4 Disodium hydrogen phosphate
Disodium hydrogen phosphate //Na2HPO4 //
Colorless, translucent hygroscopic crystals or white powder with saline taste. /
/Molar mass = 141.9588 g/mol //CAS No. [7558-79-4] //Converted to sodium pyropho
sphate at 240C //Solubility in water (20C): 75 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C):
8.9-9.2
0
Na2HPO4+2H2O
Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate Disodium hydrogen phosph

ate dihydrate //Na2HPO4+2H2O //Colorless, translucent crystals or white powder w

ith saline taste. //Molar mass = 177.9894 g/mol //CAS No. [10028-24-7] //Loses w
ater at 92.5C, converted to sodium pyrophosphate at 240C //Solubility in water (20C
): 93 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 9.1-9.4
0
C10H14N2Na2O8+2H2O
EDTA-Na2
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium
salt dihydrate //C10H14N2Na2O8+2H2O //Molar mass = 372.2369 g/mol //CAS No. [63
81-92-6] //Melting point 244-246C (release of crystalline water). //Solubility in
water (20C): 100 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~4-5 0
C2H5OH Ethanol Ethanol //96% C2H5OH //Colorless, limpid, volatile liquid with e
thereal vinous odor and pungent taste. //Molar mass = 46.0684 g/mol //CAS No. [6
4-17-5] //Boiling point 78C //Density (96%, 20C) 0.81 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH
value is neutral
96
0.81
HCHO
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde solution //37% HCHO in aqueous solution //F
ormalin is an aqueous solution of formaldehyde with 10-15% methanol. //Molar mas
s = 30.0260 g/mol //CAS No. [50-00-0] //Boiling point 96-98C //Density (37%, 20C)
1.09 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH value (20C): 3-4
37
1.09
HCOOH Formic acid
Formic acid //98% HCOOH //Colorless, fuming liquid with
penetrating odor. //Molar mass = 46.0254 g/mol //CAS No. [64-18-6] //Boiling poi
nt 100.7C //Density (98%, 20C) 1.22 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH value is strongly
acid 98
1.22
C3H8O3 Glycerol
Glycerol //70% CHOH(CH2OH)2 //Clear, colorless, hygrosco
pic, syrupy liquid with sweet taste. //Molar mass = 92.0938 g/mol //CAS No. [5681-5] //Melting point 18C //Boiling point 290C //Density (70%, 20C) 1.26 g/mL //Sol
uble in water //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5
70
1.26
C2H5NO2 Glycine Glycine //NH2CH2COOH //White crystals with sweet taste. //Molar
mass = 75.0666 g/mol //CAS No. [56-40-6] //Melting point 232-236C //Solubility in
water (25C): 250 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.9-6.3
0
C8H18N2O4S
HEPES 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)1-piperazinyl]-ethanesulfonic acid
//C8H18N2O4S //Molar mass = 238.305 g/mol //CAS No. [7365-45-9] //Melting point
210-215C //Zwitterionic buffer, pka = 7.55 (0.1 M, 20C) //Solubility in water (20C)
: ~1350 g/L //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.0-5.5 0
C8H17N2NaO4S
HEPES-Na
2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)1-piperazinyl]-ethanesulfon
ic acid sodium salt //C8H17N2NaO4S //Molar mass = 260.286 g/mol //CAS No. [75277
-39-3] //Zwitterionic buffer, pka = 7.55 (0.1 M, 20C) 0
HCl
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid //36.5% HCl in aqueous solutio
n. //Colorless or slightly yellow, fuming, pungent liquid. //Molar mass = 36.461
g/mol //CAS No. [7647-01-0] //Boiling point ~50C //Density (36.5%, 20C) 1.19 g/mL
//Soluble in water //pH value (20C): <1
36.5
1.19
HF
Hydrofluoric acid
Hydrofluoric acid //40% HF in aqueous solution /
/Colorless, fuming mobile liquid. Will attack glass. //Molar mass = 20.00634 g/m
ol //CAS No. [7664-39-3] //Boiling point ~112C Density (40%, 20C) 1.13 g/mL //Solu
ble in water //pH value is strongly acid
40
1.13
FeSO4+7H2O
Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate //
FeSO4+7H2O //Blue-green monoclinic crystals. //Molar mass = 278.015 g/mol //CAS
No. [7782-63-0] //Decomposes at 64C //Solubility in water (20C): ~400 g/L //pH val
ue at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 3-4 0
FeSO4+7H2O
Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate //
FeSO4+7H2O //Blue-green crystals. //Molar mass = 278.015 g/mol //CAS No. [7782-6
3-0] //Melting point 64C //Solubility in water (20C): ~400 g/L //pH value at 50 g/
L (H2O, 20C): 3-4
0
FeCl3+6H2O
Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate /
/FeCl3+6H2O //Yellow-orange monoclinic crystals. //Molar mass = 270.296 g/mol //
CAS No. [10025-77-1] //Decomposes at 37C //Solubility in water (20C): 920 g/L //pH
value at 10 g/L (H2O, 25C): ~1.8
0
Fe(NO3)3+9H2O Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate Iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate //
Fe(NO3)3+9H2O //Violet-gray crystals. //Molar mass = 403.997 g/mol //CAS No. [77
82-61-8] //Melting point 47C //Soluble in water //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C):
~1.3
0
MgCl2 Magnesium chloride
Magnesium chloride //MgCl2 //Colorless or white
crystals. //Molar mass = 95.211 g/mol //CAS No. [7786-30-3] //Melting point 708C

//Solubility in water (20C): 542 g/L //pH value at 25 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.0-6.5
0
MgCl2+6H2O
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate Magnesium chloride hexahydrate /
/MgCl2+6H2O //Colorless or white crystals. //Molar mass = 203.303 g/mol //CAS No
. [7791-18-6] //Loses 2H2O at 100C //Solubility in water (20C): 1670 g/L //pH valu
e at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.0-6.5
0
MgSO4 Magnesium sulfate
Magnesium sulfate anhydrous //MgSO4 //Colorless
crystals with saline bitter taste. //Molar mass = 120.368 g/mol //CAS No. [748788-9] //Melting point 1124C //Solubility in water (0C): 269 g/L //pH value at 50 g
/L (H2O, 20C): ~7.9
0
MgSO4+7H2O
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate /
/MgSO4+7H2O //Colorless or white crystals. //Molar mass = 246.475 g/mol //CAS No
. [10034-99-8] //Loses 6H2O at 150C //Solubility in water (20C): 710 g/L //pH valu
e at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.5-6.5
0
CH3OH Methanol
Methanol //99.8% CH3OH //Clear, colorless, highly flamma
ble and toxic liquid. //Molar mass = 32.0419 g/mol //CAS No. [64-56-1] //Boiling
point 65C //Density (99.8%, 20C) 0.79 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH value is neutr
al
99.8
0.79
NiCl2 Nickel(II) chloride
Nickel(II) chloride anhydrous//NiCl2 //Brown sca
les, deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 129.599 g/mol //CAS No. [7718-54-9] /
/Melting point 1009C //Soluble in water //pH value at 500 g/L (H2O, 20C): 4
0
NiCl2+6H2O
Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate
//NiCl2+6H2O //Green scales, deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 237.691 g/mol
//CAS No. [7791-20-0] //Release of crystalline water at 140C //Solubility in wat
er (20C): 2540 g/L //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~4.9
0
Ni(NO3)2+6H2O Nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate Nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate /
/Ni(NO3)2+6H2O //Green, deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 290.7949 g/mol //C
AS No. [13478-00-7] //Melting point 56.7C //Solubility in water (0C): 2380 g/L //p
H value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~5
0
NiSO4+6H2O
Nickel(II) sulfate hexahydrate Nickel(II) sulfate hexahydrate /
/NiSO4+6H2O //Blue or emerald green crystals. //Molar mass = 262.848 g/mol //CAS
No. [10101-97-0] //Loses 6H2O at 103C //Solubility in water (20C): 625 g/L //pH v
alue at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C) 4.3-4.7
0
HNO3
Nitric acid
Nitric acid //65% HNO3 //Transparent, colorless or yello
wish, fuming, suffocating, corrosive liquid. //Molar mass = 63.0128 g/mol //CAS
No. [7697-37-2] //Boiling point 122C //Density (65%, 20C) 1.40 g/mL //Soluble in w
ater //pH value (20C): <1
65
1.40
H2C2O4+2H2O
Oxalic acid dihydrate Oxalic acid dihydrate //H2C2O4+2H2O //Tr
ansparent, colorless crystals //Molar mass = 126.0654 g/mol //CAS No. [6153-56-6
] //Melting point 101C //Solubility in water (20C): 102 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (
H2O, 20C) ~0.7 0
HClO4 Perchloric acid Perchloric acid //70% HClO4 //Colorless, hygroscopic liq
uid. //Molar mass = 100.459 g/mol //CAS No. [7601-90-3] //Boiling point 198.7C //
Density (70%, 20C) 1.68 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH value is strongly acid
70
1.68
H3PO4 Phosphoric acid Ortophosphoric acid //85% H3PO4 //Colorless, odorless, s
parkling liquid. //Molar mass = 97.9952 g/mol //CAS No. [7664-38-2] //Boiling po
int 158C //Density (85%, 20C) 1.71 g/mL //Soluble in water //pH value (20C): <0.5
85
1.71
KBr
Potassium bromide
Potassium bromide //KBr //White, crystalline gra
nules or powder with pungent, bitter, saline taste. //Molar mass = 119.002 g/mol
//CAS No. [7758-02-3] //Melting point 730C //Solubility in water (20C): 650 g/L /
/pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.5-8.5
0
K2CO3 Potassium carbonate
Potassium carbonate //K2CO3 //White, deliquescen
t, granular, translucent powder. //Molar mass = 138.2055 g/mol //CAS No. [584-08
-7] //Melting point 891C //Solubility in water (20C): 1120 g/L //pH value at 50 g/
L (H2O, 20C): ~11.5-12.5
0
K2CO3+1.5H2O
Potassium carbonate sesquihydrate
Potassium carbonate sesq
uihydrate //K2CO3+1.5H2O //White granular crystals. //Molar mass = 165.2284 g/mo

l //CAS No. [6381-79-9] //Melting point 891C (unhydrous) //Solubility in water (2

0C): ~1300 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): strongly alkaline
0
KCl
Potassium chloride
Potassium chloride //KCl //Colorless or white cr
ystals with strong saline taste. //Molar mass = 74.551 g/mol //CAS No. [7447-407] //Melting point 772C //Solubility in water (20C): 330 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L
(H2O, 20C): 5.5-8.5
0
K2CrO4 Potassium chromate
Potassium chromate //K2CrO4 //Yellow crystals. /
/Molar mass = 194.1903 g/mol //CAS No. [7789-00-6] //Melting point ~970C //Solubi
lity in water (20C): 630 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 8.6-9.8 0
KOH
Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide //KOH //White granular cryst
als. Absorbs water and CO2 from the air. //Molar mass = 56.1056 g/mol //CAS No.
[1310-58-3] //Melting point 360C //Solubility in water (20C): ~1100 g/L //pH value
at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): >13.5 0
KI
Potassium iodide
Potassium iodide //KI //White crystals with stro
ng, bitter, saline taste. //Molar mass = 166.0028 g/mol //CAS No. [7681-11-0] //
Melting point 686C //Solubility in water (20C): 1270 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O
, 20C): ~6.9 0
KNO3
Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate //KNO3 //Transparent, colorles
s or white crystals with pungent, saline taste. //Molar mass = 101.1032 g/mol //
CAS No. [7757-79-1] //Melting point 334C //Solubility in water (20C): 320 g/L //pH
value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.5-8.0 0
KMnO4 Potassium permanganate Potassium permanganate //KMnO4 //Dark-purple cry
stals with blue metallic sheen and sweetish, astringent taste. //Molar mass = 15
8.0339 g/mol //CAS No. [7722-64-7] //Melting point 50C //Solubility in water (20C)
: 64 g/L //pH value at 20 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~7-9 0
K2C4H4O6+0.5H2O Potassium tartarate hemihydrate Potassium tartarate hemihydrate
//K2C4H4O6+0.5H2O //Colorless, crystalline solid. //Molar mass = 235.2752 g/mol
//CAS No. [6100-19-2] //Decomposes at 200-220C //Solubility in water (20C): freely
soluble //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~7 0
C12H22O11
Saccharose
Saccharose //C12H22O11 //White, dry crystals wit
h sweet taste. //Molar mass = 342.2965 g/mol //CAS No. [57-50-1] //Melting point
169-170C //Solubility in water (20C): freely soluble //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O,
20C): ~7
0
C12H25SO4Na
SDS
Sodium dodecyl sulfate //C12H25SO4Na //Molar mass = 288.
379 g/mol //CAS No. [151-21-3] //Solubility in water: freely soluble //pH value
at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~6
0
AgNO3 Silver nitrate Silver nitrate //AgNO3 //Colorless, transparent crystals
with bitter, caustic metallic taste. Becomes gray or grayish-black on exposure
to light in the presence of organic matter. //Molar mass = 169.8731 g/mol //CAS
No. [7761-88-8] //Melting point: 212C //Solubility in water (20C): 2150 g/L //pH v
alue at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.4-6.4
0
NaBr
Sodium bromide Sodium bromide //NaBr //White crystalline powder with sa
line and somewhat bitter taste. //Molar mass = 102.894 g/mol //CAS No. [764-15-6
] //Melting point 755C //Solubility in water (0C): 790 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H
2O, 20C): ~5.4 0
Na2CO3 Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate //Na2CO3 //Grayish-white powder
. //Molar mass = 105.9884 g/mol //CAS No. [497-19-8] //Melting point ~891C //Solu
bility in water (20C): ~210 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 25C): 11.5 0
Na2CO3+H2O
Sodium carbonate monohydrate
Sodium carbonate monohydrate //N
a2CO3+H2O //White, small crystals or powder with alkaline taste. //Molar mass =
124.0037 g/mol //CAS No. [5968-11-6] //Decomposes at 105C //Solubility in water (
20C): ~210 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 25C): 11-12 0
NaCl
Sodium chloride Sodium chloride //NaCl //Colorless, transparent crystals
or white, crystalline powder. //Molar mass = 58.443 g/mol //CAS No. [7647-14-5]
//Melting point 800C //Solubility in water (20C): 360 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H
2O, 20C): 5-8 0
Na2CrO4 Sodium chromate Sodium chromate //Na2CrO4 //Yellow, translucent efflores
cent crystals. //Molar mass = 161.9732 g/mol //CAS No. [7775-11-3] //Melting poi
nt 792C //Solubility in water (20C): ~875 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~9
0

Na2CrO4+4H2O
Sodium chromate tetrahydrate
Sodium chromate tetrahydrate //N
a2CrO4+4H2O //Yellow hygroscopic crystals. //Molar mass = 234.0344 g/mol //CAS N
o. [10034-82-9] //Melting point: decomposes //Solubility in water (20C): 443 g/L
//pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~9
0
Na2Cr2O7+2H2O Sodium dichromate dihydrate
Sodium dichromate dihydrate //Na
2Cr2O7+2H2O //Red or red-orange deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 297.9981 g
/mol //CAS No. [7789-12-0] //Melting point 357C //Solubility in water (20C): 1800
g/L //pH value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~3.5
0
NaH2PO4 Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate //NaH2PO4 //
White, crystalline powder. Slightly hygroscopic. //Molar mass = 119.9770 g/mol /
/CAS No. [7558-80-7] //Melting point ~200C //Solubility in water (20C): ~850 g/L /
/pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~4.5 0
NaH2PO4+2H2O
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate Sodium dihydrogen phosph
ate dihydrate //NaH2PO4+2H2O //Large transparent crystals. //Molar mass = 156.00
76 g/mol //CAS No. [13472-35-0] //Melting point ~60C //Solubility in water: freel
y soluble //pH value at 10 g/L (H2O, 20C): 4.2-4.5
0
NaH2PO4+H2O
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate Sodium dihydrogen phosph
ate monohydrate //NaH2PO4+H2O //Large transparent crystals. //Molar mass = 137.9
923 g/mol //CAS No. [10049-21-5] //Loses water at 100C //Solubility in water (20C)
: 1103 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 4.1-4.5
0
HCOONa Sodium formate Sodium formate //HCOONa //White, slightly hygroscopic, c
rystalline powder with slight odor of formic acid. //Molar mass = 68.0072 g/mol
//CAS No. [141-53-7] //Melting point 255C //Solubility in water (20C): 820 g/L //p
H value at 50 g/L (H2O, 25C): 7.0-8.5 0
NaHSO3 Sodium hydrogen sulfite Sodium hydrogen sulfite //NaHSO3 //White crystal
s or crystalline powder with slight sulfurous odor and taste. Unstable in air. /
/Molar mass = 104.061 g/mol //CAS No. [7631-90-5] //Melting point: decomposes //
Soluble in water //pH value at 22 g/L (H2O, 20C): 4.5-5.0
0
NaOH
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide //NaOH //White, deliquescent so
lid; chiefly in form of pellets. //Molar mass = 39.9971 g/mol //CAS No. [1310-73
-2] //Melting point: 324C //Solubility in water (20C): 1090 g/L //pH value at 50 g
/L (H2O, 20C): ~14
0
NaNO3 Sodium nitrate Sodium nitrate //NaNO3 //Colorless, transparent crystals
with saline, slightly bitter taste. //Molar mass = 84.9947 g/mol //CAS No. [763
1-99-4] //Melting point: 309C //Solubility in water (20C): 880 g/L //pH value at 5
0 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.5-7.5
0
NaNO2 Sodium nitrite Sodium nitrite //NaNO2 //Slightly yellowish or white cry
stals, pellets or powder. Oxidizes on exposure to air. //Molar mass = 68.9953 g/
mol //CAS No. [7632-00-0] //Melting point: 271C //Solubility in water (20C): 820 g
/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~9 0
Na2SO4 Sodium sulfate Sodium sulfate, anhydrous //Na2SO4 //White crystals or p
owder with bitter saline taste. //Molar mass = 142.042 g/mol //CAS No. [7757-826] //Melting point: 884C //Solubility in water (20C): 200 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L
(H2O, 20C): 5-8
0
Na2SO4+10H2O
Sodium sulfate decahydrate
Sodium sulfate decahydrate //Na2
SO4+10H2O //Large transparent crystals. //Molar mass = 322.195 g/mol //CAS No. [
7727-73-3] //Loses water of hydration at 100C //Solubility in water (20C): ~900 g/
L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.5-7.5
0
Na2S
Sodium sulfide Sodium sulfide //Na2S+xH2O (x = 7 - 9) //Yellow or brick
-red lumps or deliquescent crystals. //Molar mass = 78.045 g/mol (unhydrous) //C
AS No. [27610-45-3] //Decomposes at 920C //Solubility in water (20C): 470 g/L //pH
value at 100 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~12.7
0
Na2SO3 Sodium sulfite Sodium sulfite //Na2SO3 //White crystals or powder with
saline, sulfurous taste. //Molar mass = 126.043 g/mol //CAS No. [7757-83-7] //Me
lting point: decomposes //Solubility in water (40C): 495 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L
(H2O, 20C): ~9.7
0
Na2C4H4O6+2H2O Sodium tartrate dihydrate
Sodium tartrate dihydrate //Na2C
4H4O6+2H2O //White crystals or granules. //Molar mass = 230.0811 g/mol //CAS No.
[6106-24-7] //Loses 2H2O at 150C //Solubility in water (20C): 290 g/L //pH value
at 50 g/L (H2O, 25C): ~8
0

Na2S2O3 Sodium thiosulfate

Sodium thiosulfate //Na2S2O3 //White, translucen
t crystals or powder with cooling taste and bitter aftertaste. //Molar mass = 15
8.108 g/mol //CAS No. [7772-98-7] //Solubility in water (20C): 209 g/L //pH value
at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 6.0-8.5 0
Na2S2O3+5H2O
Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate
//Na2S2O3+5H2O //White, translucent crystals or powder with cooling taste and bi
tter aftertaste. //Molar mass = 248.184 g/mol //CAS No. [10102-17-7] //Melting p
oint: 48.5C //Solubility in water (20C): 680 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 6
.8-7.2 0
H2SO4 Sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid //96% H2SO4 //Strongly corrosive, dense, o
ily liquid; colorless to dark brown depending on purity. //Molar mass = 98.078 g
/mol //CAS No. [7664-93-9] //Boiling point 330C //Density (96%, 20C) 1.84 g/mL //S
oluble in water (Caution! Development of heat) //pH value (20C): strongly acid
96
1.84
H2C4H4O6
Tartaric acid Tartaric acid //H2C4H4O6 //Colorless, transparen
t crystals or white, crystalline powder with acid taste. //Molar mass = 150.0868
g/mol //CAS No. [87-69-4] //Melting point: 170C //Solubility in water (20C): 1390
g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~1.6
0
CCl3COOH
TCA
Trichloracetic acid //CCl3COOH //Deliquescent, colorless
crystals with sharp, pungent odor. //Molar mass = 163.387 g/mol //CAS No. [76-0
3-9] //Melting point 54-58C //Solubility in water (20C): 1600 g/L //pH value at 50
g/L (H2O, 20C): <1
0
SnCl2+2H2O
Tin(II) chloride dihydrate
Tin(II) chloride dihydrate //SnC
l2+2H2O //White crystalline mass that absorbs oxygen from the air and is convert
ed into the insoluble oxychloride. //Molar mass = 225.647 g/mol //CAS No. [10025
-69-1] //Decomposes at 38C //Solubility in water (20C): 1187 g/L //pH value at 100
g/L (H2O, 20C): ~1-2 0
SnCl4 Tin(IV) chloride
Tin(IV) chloride //99% SnCl4 //Colorless, fuming
, caustic liquid, that water converts into a crystalline solid, SnCl4+5H2O. //Mo
lar mass = 260.522 g/mol //CAS No. [7646-78-8] //Boiling point 114.1C //Density (
99%, 20C) 2.23 g/mL //Soluble in water (decomposition) 99
2.23
C4H11NO3
TRIS
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane //C4H11NO3 //TRIS or THA
M is white crystalline solid. //Molar mass = 121.1350 g/mol //CAS No. [77-86-1]
//Melting point 168-172C //Solubility in water: 100 g/L (20C) //pka = 8.30 (20C) //
pH value at 6 g/L (H2O, 20C): 10.2-10.6
0
C4H12ClNO3
TRIS-HCl
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride //
C4H12ClNO3 //Molar mass = 157.596 g/mol //CAS No. [1185-53-1] //Melting point 15
0C //pka = 8.08 (25C).
0
C34H62O11
Triton X-100
Octylphenol decaethylene glycol ether //98-102%
C34H62O11 //Triton X-100 is trademark for specialty surfactants. //Molar mass =
646.8495 g/mol //CAS No. [9002-93-1] //Boiling point 270C //Density (98%, 20C): 1.
07 g/mL. //Soluble in water //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~6-8
98
1.07
ZnCl2 Zinc chloride Zinc chloride //ZnCl2 //White, granular, deliquescent cr
ystals or crystalline powder. //Molar mass = 136.30 g/mol //CAS No. [7646-85-7]
//Melting point: 318C //Solubility in water (20C): 3680 g/L //pH value at 100 g/L
(H2O, 20C): ~5 0
Zn(NO3)2+6H2O Zinc nitrate hexahydrate
Zinc nitrate hexahydrate //Zn(NO
3)2+6H2O //Colorless lumps or crystals. //Molar mass = 297.49 g/mol //CAS No. [1
0196-18-6] //Melting point: ~36C //Solubility in water (20C): 1800 g/L //pH value
at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 5.1
0
ZnSO4+7H2O
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate //ZnSO
4+7H2O //Colorless crystals or granular, crystalline powder with astringent, met
allic taste. //Molar mass = 287.56 g/mol //CAS No. [7446-20-0] //Loses 7H2O at 2
80C //Solubility in water (20C): 960 g/L //pH value at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): ~4-6
0
ZnSO4+H2O
Zinc sulfate monohydrate
Zinc sulfate monohydrate //ZnSO4
+H2O //White free-flowing powder. //Molar mass = 287.56 g/mol //CAS No. [7446-19
-7] //Melting point: decomposes //Solubility in water (20C): ~350 g/L //pH value
at 50 g/L (H2O, 20C): 4.0-5.2 0