JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership / M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education
Name:___Emre Guven____________

Date: ____10/20/2015________________

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

Dogan, B., & Almus, K. (2014). School Administrators' Use of iPads: Impact of Training and
Attitudes toward School Use. Computers In The Schools, 31(3), 233-250.
INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):
This study intended to answer the following questions:
1. What is the impact of the training process on school administrators use
of iPads for administrative tasks and personal organization in their professional duties?
2. What is the impact of the training process on school administrators beliefs regarding how
teachers should use iPads in the classroom?
3. Are there any differences in school administrators survey responses based
on gender, age, years of experience in school administration and education, highest degree
attained, school classification, or school size?
Purpose of the research:
The purpose of this research is to find out how school administrators use iPads for their
professional duties and the potential effects on their work-related tasks and personal organization.
METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants:
Elementary and secondary school administrators (i.e., principals and
assistant principals) working in one of the largest public charter school
systems in a southwestern state were the target population for the study.

Fifty-one participants who owned iPads volunteered to complete the pre-survey out of

approximately 120 school administrators in the school system. While 58.8% (n = 30) of
the pre-survey participants were male, 41.2% (n = 21) of the participants were female.
Additionally, 37 of pre-survey respondents completed the post-survey, yielding a
response rate of 72.55%. Twenty-one (56.76%) respondents in post-survey were male,
and 16 (43.24%) were female.
Procedures:
Collectively, 51 subjects were selected through a purposive sampling from the target population.
Participants in this study were contacted by email. Participants were asked to complete consent
forms prior to the study as required by the school district and the universitys
Institutional Review Board (IRB). Fifty-one participants who owned iPads volunteered to
complete the pre-survey out of approximately 120 school administrators in the school system.

Data Collection Methods/Data Source:

Survey instruments included multiple choice and Likert-type scale items.

Data Analysis:
Two survey instruments were developed as a mechanism to collect data, which were administered
online through the survey submission system hosted at the universitys server. Also, some of the
questions of the pre-survey were repeated in the post-survey to assess the change in responses
during the study. Paired sample t-test data analysis was conducted to understand the differences in
the responses between the pre- and post-surveys. The survey responses were reported as
frequencies. In addition, paired sample t-test data analysis was conducted to understand the
differences in the responses between the pre- and post-surveys. A one-way Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA) test was conducted to see whether there were any differences in school administrators
responses by gender, age, years of experience in school administration and education, highest
degree attained, school classification, and school size. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS) software was used to conduct the data analysis.

RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article):
The data analysis of this study is categorized into five main groups: analysis of demographic and
contextual data; impacts of the training process on school administrators use of iPad and iPad
applications; impacts of the training process on school administrators beliefs regarding how
teachers should use iPads in the classroom; differences in participants responses by their
demographic and contextual data (gender, age, years of experience in school administration and
education, highest degree attained, school classification, and school size); and evaluation of
training process.
DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):
A majority of the school administrators use specific iPad applications for work-related purposes.
Most common application for educators is an application called Eduphoria for storing student
data, district curriculum, resources, lesson planners, and teacher appraisals.
The survey results showed that the best feature of using iPad for these users is that being

mobile with 21.43%, followed by touchscreen (20.88%), being able to use various
applications (15.93%), compact and light (13.74%), digital camera feature (10.44%),
connectivity (9.89%), and camcorder feature (7.69%). Additionally, the competency level of
users, common application types and frequency of usage were also analyzed with this survey. preand post-survey results were generally consistent for most questions. Results show that most
school administrators found iPads as a useful tool that can be used for education purposes. They
also found the training process as well. Overall results of this study suggest that school
administrators should be trained in order to use it professionally for work purposes.
REFLECTIONS
Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your
school/work):
IPads, or other tablets can be used for professional work environment. There are many
applications that are worthwhile and practical for different professional jobs. However, similar to
any other technological devices, a proper training about the features of the tool and how to use it
is essential. Administrators should provide proper training about iPads in general and also they
should show useful applications to make the employees job to be more productive.