MATERIALS FOR CRYOGENIC SERVICE: ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS Publication N¢ 4368 - Distributed by the I Nickel Development institute, courtesy of Inco LimitedMaterials for cryogenic service Engineering properties of austenitic stainless steels Contents list Austenitic stainless steels normally used for cryogenic applications National specifications and pressure vessel design codes Tensile properties Compressive properties, Impact test data Effect of sensitization heat treatment on impact strength Fracture toughness Fatigue strength Welding Properties of welded joints Physical properties, INCO is @ trademark ‘The infermation and data in this publicaion are as complete and accurate ' possibie a the ima of publication. ‘The characteristics of a material can vary ‘according to the precise method of Production, fabrication and treatment. Wherever availabe fll details ofthe Conalton ofthe test pieces are include. [As these data are derived from various Sources, suppliers of materials should ‘always be consulted concerring the ‘specie characteristics of ther products First published 1974 © Copyright 1974 International Nickel LimitedIMNEOcatabooks Inco, the leading producer and marketer of riekel, conducts research and development programmes on nickel alloys, products and processes, establishing engineering and performance data, This knowledge is Collated in a library of INCO databooks, which are freely available. {A companion tte to this publication is 4262 Materials for cryogenic service - 3% 5 & 9% nickel steels & 36% nick iron alloy: engineering properties. Conversion factors for stress units Because of the variety of motne and nom mene units employed for sess valves, fi! the possibly of further enanges Conversion factors ace given Gelow for the mare important of these, (0 and fram Si Note that the meganewion per square metre (AINIc), newlon ger square rmiimatse (Nii) and megapasc are arithmetical iaentic 1 kgtimm’ = 9.607 MNim’, Nimm* or MPa 0.9807 daNinies? 10°tbilin? = 8-895 MINI’, Nimm* or MPa (048895 daNinm* ‘ontlin’ = 1544 MNinv, Nimm* or MPa 1-544 daNimm? 1MNim? ——O-T Hbar or daNimm’ Nimm? = 0.145 10'bin? OrMPa 0-0847 tontlin? (04102 kgfimm 30.MNim’, Nimm’ oF MPa 4 daNime? 1 harThe austenitic stainless steels used for cryogenic service Out of the wide range of standard ‘wrought austenitic stainless steels several hhave been used extensively for equip- ‘ment operating at sub-zero temperatures ‘which may be as low as the boiling point of liquid helium (269°C). As the temperature is lowered the strength of these steels increases rapidly, whilst ductility and impact toughness are ‘maintained at a high level as tempera- tutes approach absolute zero. The steels are well suited for equipment handling liquid gases and for other liquids where corrosion resistance is also required, e2., the low-temperature processing of foods ‘and other products where product contamination must be held to a “The most widely used wrought stain- less steels for cryogenic service are the AISI Types 304 and 304L, while Types 316, 316L, 321 and 347 are also used, dependent upon the availability in the particular form or size required. For temperatures below about -200°C the rnon-stabilized grades are generally preferred. Data for each of these types are included in the present publication together with summaries of the relevant European national specifications and steel designations. Data for the corre- sponding casting grades are also given, Particular care should be exercised in selecting appropriate grades of cast stainless ste! for eryogenie. service since ‘micro-segregation can cause local variations in composition and micto- structure which exert important effects fon properties. In both wrought and cast steels sufficient nickel should always be present to ensure adequate stability of the austenitic matrix at low tempera- tures. Furthermore, in cast grades containing carbide stabilizing additions it is generally desirable to avoid exces- sive amounts of inter-dendritie carbides. ‘Wrought stainless steels with con- trolled additions of nitrogen (possessing improved proof stress values and tensile strength in comparison with the tadi- tional grades) are also used for service at cryogenic temperatures. These steels can bbe used at higher design stresses in pressure vessels and containers wherever their use is recognized in existing codes of practice and by the insurance com- panies and inspecting authorities. Some guidance on design-code approval by authoritative bodies is given inthis publication, but the reader should ascertain the most up-to-date position from the authorities concermed in rela- tion to the construction and use of particular equipment. Specifications The austenitic stainless steels suitable for eryogenic use are covered by several British Standard Specifications, The earliest of these is BS 1501-1506: 1958 ‘Steels for use in the chemical, petro- chemical and allied industries’ used in conjunction with British Standard 1510: 1958 "Low temperature supplementary requirements to BS 1501-1306. This specification series is applicable to bars and sections (at the time that this publication was prepared), but it has been replaced by more recent specifications for ‘other product forms in particular by BS 1501: Part 3: 1973 for plate material, The requirements of the various British Standards together with those of other national specifications are summarized in Tables 1-6 (wrought) and 7-11 (cast ‘These tables show the AISI steel types with compositions nearest to those of the steels specified in European standards. However, a steel conforming to a given European national standard may not be entirely within the composition range of the AISI steel type shown oF vice versa, Similarly, a steel conforming to a national specification of one European country ‘may not be an exact equivalent of a similar type of steel complying with the specifications of other European countries. For contract purposes it is essential that the participants should consult the most recent specifications and agree on possible substitutions where this may be necessary. Data for nitrogen-strengthened stai less steels produced in several European ‘countries are given in Tables 12-17. The design of pressure vessels for low-temperature service is covered by the specifications and codes listed in Tables 18 and 19 in which the allowable design stresses and/or operating temperature limits are summarized. Mechanical properties at sub-zero temperatures Tensile ‘The tensile strengths of chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels increase markedly with decreasing temperature; yield strengths also increase but to a lesser degree. Correspondingly, there is some reduction in ductility as measured by elongation and reduction of area but ductility values remain high down to the lowest temperature for which data are available ‘Typical tensile properties of annealed and cold-worked materials at sub-zero temperatures are shown in Figures 1 whilst Figure 9 gives low-temperature tensile data for east Type CF-8 stainless steel Exposure to sub-zero temperatures has no adverse effect on the tensile properties when the alloys are sub- sequently tested at normal temperatures; see Table 20, The modulus of elasticity in tension increases slightly with falling tempera ture; see Table 21 Compression Compressive strengths inerease, like ten sile strengths, with decrease in tempera- ture. Compressive yield stwengths and elastic limits of Type 304 steel are shown, in Figure 10.Impact properties and fracture toughness ‘The chromium-nickel stainless steels have good notch toughness down to at least 196°C. This is exemplified by the fact that some specifications and codes of practice do not specify a sub- zero impact test on wrought material to be used down to that temperature. ‘Typical impact properties are pre- sented in Figures 11-17, These pro- perties are litle affected by prolonged exposure at -196°C as shown by the data in Table 22 for Type 304 steel Carbide precipitation can reduce the impact strength of Type 304 steel to a moderate extent at very low tempera- tures, but Types 304L, 316L and low= carbon Type 347 are little affected: see Figures 18 and 19. ‘A further indication of the notch insensitivity of the cryogenic stainless steels is provided by notched tensile tests at low temperatures. For example, no significant decrease is observed in the notched to un-notched tensile strength ratio of Type 304L steel down 10 -250°C; see Figure 20 Few data are available on the low- temperature fracture toughness of aus- tenitic stainless steels as determined by fracture mechanics test procedures. In ‘other alloys having appreciably lower toughness, rapid fracture can occur ‘with litle energy absorption if defects fare present fom which a erack can _2row to critical size as a result of cyclic application of stresses. However, in the cease of austenitic stainless steels rapid propagation of a crack is resisted by plastic deformation ahead of it. In these circumstances a measute of the fracture toughness is obtainable from Crack Opening Displacement (COD) tests on notched bend testspieces having a fatigue erack at the root of the notch or a finely ground root. An example of the Load-Crack Opening Displacement curves obtained at low temperatures on Type 304N (nitrogen strengthened) steel is shown in Figure 21; these ccurves typify the high fracture toughness characteristics of the austenitic stainless steels in general Fatigue properties Only limited data are available on the fatigue properties of chromium-nickel stainless steels at low temperatures. However, there is evidence that the endurance limit increases as the tem- perature decreases, as shown by the SSN curves in Figures 23-28. Both un- rnotched and notched bars show in- creasing fatigue strength with falling temperatures, although the improve- ‘ment with notched bars tends to be less than with un-notched bars. Welding ‘The wrought and cast stainless steels fare readily weldable by any of the major electric fusion welding processes. Filler wires and electrodes used are of types designed by manufacturers 10 deposit weld metal having an analysis approximating that ofthe base metal and suitable for low-temperature service. (The austenitic stainless steel types 308 and 308L are used as fillers for welding ‘Types 304 and 304L, respectively, while ‘Type 347 is used as filler material for ‘Type 321 steel.) Coated electrodes appropriate for manual ate welding the various grades of stainless steel are of the types given in Table 23 ‘Types 304 and 316 steels are gen- erally suitable for welded cryogenic ‘equipment in many corrosive environ- ments, but in a limited number of ccortosive media the heat-affected-zones may be subject to intergranular attack due to carbide precipitation caused by the welding thermal cycle. Whilst this can be overcome by postaweld re- annealing and rapidly cooling, it is not ‘often practicable and in such cases the low-carbon steels, Types 304L and 3I6L, or the stabilized grades Types 4321 and 347 should be used. However, in most cryogenic applications corrosion is not a problem and Type 304 steel is generally satisfactory. Examples of applications where it is usually con- sidered desitable to use the low-carbon (L) grades of stainless steel in preference to Type 304 are the deck cargo piping of LNG tankers and the membranes of certain membrane tank ship-board designs. Stess-relief heat treatment of welded austenitic steel vessels is neither man- datory nor prohibited according to the code of practice laid down in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Such hheat teatment is not normally required for the majority of stainless steel eryo- genic applications. However, where stress corrosion is anticipated, or 10 relieve stresses resulting from welding of heavy sections, it may be desirable to hheat teat aller welding if practicable. ‘The procedure used involves heating to the temperatures recommended in Table 24 and holding for sufficient time to effect dissolution of precipitated car- bides and to relieve internal stresses, followed by cooling at an appropriate rate to achieve a suitable balance between the need to minimize carbide re-precipitation and to avoid reinto- duction of thermally-induced residual stress, Precipitation of carbides is most effectively minimized by cooling quick- ly through the temperature range 930-430°C (cooling between 930°C and 540°C should preferably be effected in less than three minutes), while slower cooling is desirable to keep internal stresses low. Slightly slower cooling rates may be used for the low-carbon and stabilized grades of steel with less risk of carbide precipitation than would be the case for the higher-carbon steels or the non-stabilized grades. ‘The high-proof strength stainless steels with controlled nitrogen additions are as readily weldable as the traditional standard grades, with the possible exception of. autogenous welding of thin materials, and their corrosion. resistant properties are usually similar to the corresponding low-nitrogen grades Special consumables are available although they are not normally essential to ensure sufficient stength in the weld deposit; those commonly used for the low-nitrogen stainless steels generally sive deposits having higher proof stress values than those of the annealed parent ‘metals and are, therefore. suitable for ‘welding the high-proof strength grades, since they generally meet the minimum strength requirements ofthe latter. “The presence of nitrogen in the high-proof.strength steels promotes austenite formation, In welds with high heat input Where the base metal has a greater dilution effect on the weld metal, due consideration must be given to this effect to ensure that the deposited weld metal contains a small amount of delta ferrite, this being the normal practice in welding austenitic steels in order to avoid hot cracking in the weld metal. This precaution is particu- larly important in welds having high restraint, In such eases a welding filler Wire should be selected having a chromium-nickel balance which favours greater amounts of ferrite in the weld deposit. In the case of autogenous \welding in which no filler wie is used, it has been suggested in some quarters that modified grades of high proof stress nitrogen-containing steels should bbe developed to avoid the possibility of cracking. However, with autogenous ‘welding of thin material the constraints are generally less than with thicker sections and this form of welding is not cetirely ruled out for the high proof stress steels currently available although greater care to be exercised in its use. Notwithstanding the foregoing re- ‘marks relating to precautions that might sometimes be necessary in the welding of high proof stress austenitic stainless steel, it should be reiterated that in ‘many cases fully satisfactory welds are obtained by using the same welding procedures and welding consumables hhas as those used for welding the con- ventional types of stainless steel Properties of welded joints Weldments of the chromium-nickel stainless steels have good properties at low temperatures. As an example, Table 25 gives the tensile properties of joints made by manual metal-are welding in 13. mm (Us inch) thick plates of the low-nitrogen standard types of stainless steel, whilst Table 26 gives typical data for weld joints in highproof-stress stainless steels Low-temperature impact data for welds in the conventional and high- proofistress grades are presented in Tables 27, 28 and 30. Table 29 provides all-weld-metal impact test data Physical properties Physical properties of the wrought and cast conventional grades of stainless steel at room temperature are given in Tables 31 and 32, respectively. With decrease of temperature below room temperature, density increases markedly as shown in Figure 29. On the other hand, specific heat, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal con- ductivity and electrical resistivity. de- crease with falling temperature; see Figures 30-35, ‘Thermal expansion is an important property in the design of structures for low-temperature service and therefore data are presented in two different forms. Table 33 gives the mean linear coofficients for several steels between 20°C and various sub-zero temperatures, whilst Figures 32-34 show the actual expansions (or contractions) that will ‘occur between any two temperatures ‘below room temperature. ‘The physical properties of nitrogen- strengthened high-proof-stress stainless steels are generally similar 0 those of the conventional grades. However, the addition of nitrogen increases austenite stability at low temperatures and this results in retention of low magnetic permeability (ji) at temperatures down to -269°C, whereas the conventional stainless steep may show small increases in magnetic permeability when cooled to very low temperatures as shown in ‘Table 31. The available evidence indi- cates that, in general, Types 316 and 316L are superior to Types 304 and 3041, in resisting the effects of low temperature ‘on magnetic permeability, while Types 347 and 321 are inferior. However, the relative magnetic stabilities of individual casts of different types of steel are dependent not only on the steel type, ‘but also on the small variations in ‘composition encountered within each specification range. Low magnetic permeability is of special importance in certain cryogeni applications, for example, in super- ‘conducting motors and magnets, of in hydrogen bubble chambers where pL values below 1.03 are required at very high magnetic field strengths. However, the latter are well in excess of those taiving maximum magnetic permeability in conventional austenitic stainless steels; in consequence the 1 values of these steels under hydrogen bubble chamber service conditions are reduced to relatively low values as shown in the sixth column of Table 31. Nevertheless, the greater stability of austenite in the nittogen-strengthened steels gives them some advantage in comparison with the ‘conventional grades for hydrogen bubble chambers and other eryogenic applica- tions requiring non-magnetic: materials, since their magnetic permeability values fare generally significantly lower than those of the conventional stainless steels for given service conditions of magnetizing force and temperature Table 1a. ASTM and ASME speatcs Torstar snows ert tance als (iS Typ soso, $08 4040 316 46, 21 and 7) went | sag | GoalTable tb. Chemical npositio Composition. Weight per cent. Aisi | Composition shown is for steel | all specifications listed in See | Fanlo't a srcept as.” | Vatiation in specific elements with change in product form is shown where necessary indicated below cS] im T [Nba SF max | max | max] Ni] Cr | Mo | min WNb+T2} max | max | Other ‘AG20 Grade BaF and B0- |i70-| 06 Oi Optionat 303_| Al 94 Grade 8F only 015 | 19 | 20 | 100] 19.0 |max.| - | - | 0.35 | 0.20 | 210.6 max 30-170 3038e| A320Grade 138F only | 0.15 | 10 | 20 | 100| 190] - | - | - |0.060] 020 | se0.15-0.35 30 |17.0- 3038e | Al 94 Grade 8F only o1s | 10 | 20 | 100] 190] - | - | - [0.060] 020 | se0.15 min B0- [18.0 304 os | 10 | 20 | 120] 200| - | ~ | - |o030/o045 30— sa-182 110) 0.040 ‘A213 SA-213 A249 075 80 SA-249 110 Jo.040 A268 A632 Eo [78.0- 304L 03 | 10 | 20 | 120/200] - | - | - [0030/0045 B0- sa-182 0.035 13.0 0.040 ‘A213 SA-213 I 80- A249 » | 07s 130 0.040 SA-249 0.035 A269 B0- A632 0.040 | 075 130 0.040 Not included i Al94 and A320 100-]16.0-| 20- 316 cos | 10 | 20 | 140] 180] 30 | ~ | - |o030/0.045 SATE [0.040 ‘A213 SA-213 t 11.0- A249 075 140 }o.030 SA-249 A632 T0= A269 075 140 0.040 10.0] T60-| 20= 3t6L 003 | 10 | 20 | 140] 180] 30 | ~ | ~ |o030/0.045 70.0-| 47.0 SA-182 0.035 150 | min 0.040 ‘AZIS SA-213 I} ow 10.0- A249 | | 003s | o75 150 }o.030 SA-249 700- A632 0.040 | 075 150 0.030 7 700- A269 0.035 | 075 150 0.040 Not included in AL94 and A320Table 1b. Cont ‘Composition. Weight per cent. lst | Composition shown is for steel | all specifications listed in ee | On Retie Ta oncont ss.” Wariation in specitic elements with change in product form is shown where necessary indicated ©] S| a T [Noo] S ] P below max | max | max | ni | Cr | Mo | min jNb+Tal max | max | other 30- [17.0= exe 321 os | 1.0 | 20 }12.0] 190] - | 07] - |o.0s0Jo.0as a0 |i7.0- sxc SA-182 08s min | 20.0 6 lo.o3s SA2I3 30- | 17.0- sxc A249 0.75 13.0 | 20.0 06 lo.030 SA.249 max A632 30- [17.0= exc A269 0.75 13.0 | 20.0 08 Jo.o40 RATS sxc Aa79 no SA479 max A320 3.0- |17.0- hoxl 347 08] 1.0 | 20 | 130] 190] - | - | 1.10 Jo.0s0fo.oss Ho x cI SA-182 1.0 Jo.030 OS SA213 17.0- Ho x c| A249 0.75 20.9] 1.0 Jo.030 SA.249 max A632 17.0- rox | A269 0.75 20.0 1.0 Jo.o40 RATS Aa79 Hox c| A479 no A320 max0.2% Prootsiress | Tensile stengn | Eengavon = = Inter: Ais cbt crn Reduction] frystaline Seal | specication or ron 2in| on farce | HB fimpact|carosion type_|(see table 12) Nmrfonthin agimr?|Wimnfontin’ agian) |Stmm)| 40 |“ 2" | max| testo | test son | Az40, sA240| 210 | 13.5 | (21.0) | 520 | 355 | (53-0) | 40 = [22 [no [ MATS zofss| 30 [se fsss| 7 | - [ao] so |-| wo] sav [210/135] 30_[ 520 [sas [7s | - |as{ so | - [No] maT9, SAITO | 210 | 13.5 | (2.9) | 520 [335 [sso | - [ao] 50 ]am[ No | n215,S0a138) 210 [135] 30m | 520 [sas | 75 | 35m = poRs[ No | ass, SA249R | 210 | 18.5 | 90m | 500 [ 905] 75 | 35m = forst no |» am [=] - f= >-1- >= 1 - 1-1 = poral Ne [= Assen [210 | 35] som | S20 [535 | 7s] 3m = [= [xe [= Soa [ADO SABA] TO] 1 [ers | eo | at | Wao) | AO = [a= ne | MATS mopar] 2 [asf | = | - |wo> so [|-|[ wo] savez [ro] | 25 [aso] 29 [os | - [sof so [- [no] w mare, sara | wo] 1 Lars) | aso | st [aso | - [ao] so [am[ no | a nara. saatam| 70] 1 | 256 [aso | 1 | 70 | 35m = fors-_no | 24a, snoaom| 170 | 11 | 25 [480 | ot | 70] 35m =_fors- no |» mom [-f-]-.-1-1- 1 — = porsl_no [_® Assan [to] a1 | 25 | ae0 | a1 | 70 | 5a =| = [re [= sien [Aza0, sa2z0 | 210 | 73.5 | (21.0) | 20 [395 | 30) | 40 = [27 [ne [= MTS zfs, so [se fsss| 7 | - |] so [-| nwo] save2__[210[135[ 30 | s20 [sas | vem | — [us| so [- [no] * aavo, saa7o | 210 | 13.5 | 2.0) | 520 | 535] exo) | - [ao] so [a7 [No | a mars. sraiam| 20 [13.5] 30" [seo | sas] 7s | 35m = forse [a n249, Shaan 210 [135] 30m | 520 | sas] 75 | 359 = fora| No | mom [-t-]-.-1-1- 1 - = pors[_o [_® Assan [210 | 135] som | s20 | sas] 75 | 35m = [= [re [= sain [aan.saeao | ol 1 furs) | 460] 31 [woo | #0 = [27 [ne [| MATS woparf 2 [asofe | | - [aol so [- [no] = saree [ro] 7 | 25 [a0] 29 | os | - [so] so [- [no] mare, sara | wo] 1 Lars) | 430 | 31 [aso | - [ao] so [a7 [ no | a nara. saatam| 70] 1 | 258 [aa | at | 70 | 35m = fors- no | n249, seen 70] 11 | 25 [aso | 31 | 70 | 35a = pors[ No | azn [= |=] - >= |= ~)- | - |=] — poral ne [= Assan [ao] a1 | 25m | aao | 31 | 70 | 5a = [= [re [= sain [Aza0, saza0 | 210 | 73.5 | (21.0) | 520 [335 | 30) | 40 = [a2 ne [a and [ATS zofas| 3 [s2fsss| 7 | - [wo] so | - | wo] sero [sate2 [aro [135] 30 | 520 [335 | 759 | — [as] so |— [ro | MATS, SATS 210 | 13.5] (Ar) | 520 | 335 |x) | — |ao] 50 [ae | No fw nai, sea198| 270 [135] 30" [S20 [sas 75 | ssa ]-| - poRB| no | © 7249, seaaon| 210 [13.5] 30m [520 [335 | 75 | 359 a mom [-t-]-.-1-1- 1 - = pors]_no [a Assan [210] 135] som [seo [ass | 75 | a5 = [= [re [=fications A 194 and Table 14, Mechanical prapartios quated in ASTM spec! 320 for austenitic stainless stee! fasteners. (Momun vues al com tempera) si ton | ot steel | Speciication | condition |_Diameter “0ibtin'| “10'tbtin’ | (51 mm) | area ‘ype [and too grade THER [TAN tnt’ gt |? _tontin?_agtmn)| |e aap ra 2038e|_ Grade 8 - |= oe Aro rade 8 ste [aioe Cate crac] me] | ff fff PP fe 321 [ATS4 reated m} Mora Harness 126-102 BHN sooo Re oar ae Grade 80 BOER 30380] Grade BOFH gos | Aaa0 ‘Grado B60 catside are [aaa A 20 15 Grade Bane | £2482" | gametes | 2° | 195 | cory | 82° jn} * | % ar [aaa Grade 887 oar [aaa Grade B60 wos] Aa 705 5 303Se|_ Grade 138Fa <% | <19| 690 | 445 | 03) | 9 56 (87.9) 2 3% gos | Aaa0 catite |] P18 20 115 Grade BB Souton |L_t Poas rs "05 Grade B&Mm | and <% | <32 | 450 20 | 456) | 72° a (73.8) 20 8 oat [Rezo San | Sncpear 3 100 Grade BaT® |} 424]! <1y,| <38 | 340 | 22.5 | (35.1) seo | 445 (70.3) 2 48 oar [aaa0 Grado BEC “otnr vies cote fon oni es. not oud at orparsties sve 256 “ater vee cont om min (ct Ct” A) Boe ar sr nn age state py gman oray ones sing 1130 sgh rnes gion, eras ‘esd Sensing 382 Crm Wa os colo che ese 2) Redueea 010 1 ‘het ae ee ‘ rr 08a.) teh, and te gt raced 28% min {Siento cea as ose but oy be rss paras (ivieretaline ceroso ests respecte out may be runs bythe purchase on mate) sensed 1 A005 85°C [aval ube spectcatona oqo a oyteeate oy novaestocta cnc at Some tse apechatonyeqarefatenng fet andr evr bard etfh Standards for various form $s of wrought aust ‘Slee! designations in Brilsh Standards Tor various product Torn. Nearest ESTs BSTS05 Aisi | Bs1501: | 1958" | ast503: 1969] 1958, Bs4882 : 1973 BS3605:1973, steel Part 3:1979] Bars and amended 1973)] Bolting Bolts and nuts! Pipes and tubes type_| Plates | Sections |" Forgings —|_bars lseamless| Welded Steel to BS1506-801 Grade B for lsorLT199} 101 LT190) Bolts, grades LB, L8, LX, LAX 304 | soasis | Grades | s04s40 | Grade B ™ M so4sia | 304825 and Nuts, grades 8F, 8F, 8FX, 8Fx| uM [SOTLT TOO} ISOTLT TSO} soar | so4si2 |Gradec| 30430 | Grade c |- soasi4 | s0asz2 Steel to BS1506-845 for Bolts, grades L8M, LEM. LBNX. L8MX| 316 | 316816 [S4SL T7190] —31eS40 — SSLTTIO| ™ Mt. wists | 316826 Grade} 316841 and Nuts, grades 8M, 8M, BMX, 8M] M M TESTE T6530 316L - - - siesi4 | 316822 316837 316831 (TET) |-S20817_|BASLTTSO| 320840 = = = = Grade Ti ‘Steel To BSTS0G-821 Grade TI Tay Bolts, grades L&T, LBT, L8TX, L8TX| sar | saisi2 | a2iti | sztsao | arti M M szisia | 321822 LT190 LT190 | and Nuts, grades 8T, 8T, 8TX, 8Tx| MoM ‘Stool to BSTS0S-621 Grade NO Toy Bolts, grades LEC, ILK, L8CX, LaCx{ 347818 | 347817 347 | 347817 | a21Ne| 34740 | 821 No M M LT190 LT190_ | and Nuts, grades 8C, 8C, 8CX, 80X| Mw (1) Tobe replaces by 85 1502 (2) The suf leer M in some grace desgrsons denotes metre amersions, and thleterX denotes products of cold worked materia. Table 2. Chemica! compositions quoled in Brlsh Standards for the austenitic tamless steels sled 9 Table 28 ‘Composition, Weight percent fearesi{ British Standard] Steel designation [Si] Ma] Ni] Cr fMoy T [Nb | Sy] P AIS! or steel Norra} type. max min | min_|max | max 304 | BSTSOTPatS1a7g JOISTS 0.08 |0.2-|0.5-|8.0-|17.5— (030)0.045) 1.0 | 2.0 |11.0[ 19.0|~ | - | - BS1501-06:1958| 801LT190 Grade B oo [92 | 2-0 a.o-|17.5-} | - | - p.oasfo.oas| 834882: 1973 _| Stoel to BS1506-801 Grade B| min |max| 11.0] 20.0 | ~ BS1503:1969 | 304840 O07 [1.0 2.0 ]a.0-f17.0-] - | — | — p.0s0jooas| max |max|12.0| 19.0 SISOS 1873] SOISTE O05 [0.2-]0.5-]9.0-]17.0-] =] = | = pOsojoos| 1.0 [2-0 [12.0] 19.0 304825 0.068 [0.2-0.5-]8.0-[i7.0-| - | — | — p.0s0jooas| 1.0 | 2.0 [11.0] 19.0 OSL | BSTSOT Pats: TOPs] SOASTE TOS ]0.2=]0.5-]8.0-]17-5-] — | = | = P.Os0|o.045 1.0 | 2.0 [12.0] 19.0 BSTSOT-06-1958) BOTLTION Grade DOF [02-[0.5-]10.0f17.5-] =] — | = possjooas| 1.0 | 2.0 | min | 20.0 BSTSOT IIT | SOISIO DOS] 4-0] 2.049.0-/17.0-} =] = [.030]0-045} max |max|13.0| 19.0 BSUS TOTS | SOISTE O05 [0.2-0.5-fi0.0-[17.0-] = | = | = [o-080|0.040} 1.0 | 2.0 [13.0] 19.0 OSE DOF [0.2 0.5-]9.0-]17.0-] =] = | = -os0]o.045} 1.0 | 2.0 [12.0] 19.0Table 2b. Contouod, Compostion Waghtparcant Nearest} British Standard Steal designation SPS [my Ny cr pM] 1] My Sy] Alsi or steel Iwo = ‘ype. max min [min | max | max He | BSS Pat TAOS] SESS O07 [OZ | US| WOM TEE | joao} aoa to | 20 | 130 | 195 | 30 ESTO TOS] BHSLTION Grade S Tae 02} 20 P00 Aes 225] — | — foo] OOS +10 | max | min | 105 | 30 BSis0a ae | SESH Dar] aa] 20 10s] ied] 20-] — Oa ORS max | max | 14.0 | 40.5 | 25 HOST DOT] 1a | 20 [Ti] Te0- 2s] =] = [ODIO max | max | 145 | 1.5 | 30 ESTOS SSE war BSAGRZ 107 | Steel to BSTSUGHAS o.a8 | 02 | 20 | 100] 160-| 25 o.050| 0050 0 |max | min | 18.0 | 30 | - | - BSIGDETITE HOSTS DoT] OZ POs [11.0] 10: -2a-] =| =| Os0] Oo x0 | 20 | 140| 185 | 30 HOSS DOT] UZ [OS [TO] Te0-|20-] =] = JONaO TOAD 10 | 20 | 130| 185 | 30 HL | BST Pane WS | SIGSTE Tos [Oz [05-10-1225] —] — [UowpoOs x0 | 20 | +40 | 105 | 30 HOST TOI] UZ [OS [TS Tes |z2e] =] = [UDI 10 | 20 | 150| 189 | 30 BSTSOETOGT HSI DOI] AT | 2d TED ZI-| =] = [ODIO OI max | max | 14.0 1.5 | 25 HOST DoF] 10] 20/15] 10] 25-] —] — [aowpoO max | max | 148 | 10:5 | 30 BSIGDETITE Haste DOI] Oz [OS (12010: Za-| =| = [ODIO 10 | 20 | 150 | 185 | 30 HSE Dos [az [05-110] 160-20-| — ] — [aow|oOT x0 | 20 | +40 | 105 | 30 THOT] BSTSOT PHS OTS | SEOSTT TOE] OZ] OS] 140-] 165|22-] FXG] [aDaOy OURS 10 | 20 | 140] 185| 30 | 06 ESTOS TSE] BELTON rade TT TOE] UZ] AV | WOU TE | ZIT AC] 50/0050 06 |max| min | 185] 30 | 05 aSis0s ey | SAOSAT Toe | TO | BOT] Tes |e ox Cc] — [ooIpoO max | max | 950] 185 30 | 07 Ei [BSTSOT Pan SHOTS | SAIS aaa [US FOS Poa e] — faxc | — fons o0e to | 20 | 120] 190 oF BSTSoLOE oss | TTL 7s [a] axe] BSt882 1073 | Seal o BSISUGADT Grade]. 0.12 | 02-|05-| min |200] - |'o7 | - Joossfo.oss| 10 | 20 |wice 250 max aSis0s ae | SISTT Doe | TT] BO] So firo-| — fox] — jroo max | max | 130 | 49.0 oF, PSOE Ea Doe [OE | OS [OH TE] — | ac] — jaowO|oOT x0 | 20 | 130] 190 os SESE DOE] OE [OE] SEPT =| axe |= ORO OAT x0 | 20 | 120] 190 os aT | BST PASAT] TST Toe] OZ | OS | BOTT = [TORT [ODIO] ONAS x0 | 20 | 120] 190 10 BSTSOE TOSS | BEANBLTIT Tx o08 02 Jos} 90 fara 10 assee2:1073__| steel to 8S1506-021 Grade Nb 10 | 20 | min | 200] ~ | = | max |-%48|0.0%5| BS 1505-1969 H7SHO Toe] 3.0] 20] 80-]i70- Foxe [O03] 0.085] max|max|130]190] - | - | 10 BSIGDETITE BISS TOXC 0.08 | 02 }os-J100-)170-| - | — | goxc}o.030} 0.030 10 | 20 | 130] 190 oe. max) SST WOxC]Fee eer ae ae eS = Se commer [eee ee Peer Eo] ee seme eee fe eer a Seen [Sieeet We “Ti |= 8 a fis 0 Lat Sams == leale Ea) == ee orf tb Ge EEE LL | a meer ee ST leala Ea) ee =a ea P= eas Ep =e waren tea Ee) == See meruaues comer say aeTable 2d, Mechanical oraperties quoted 10 British Standard 3 for austenitic stainess steo! bol and nuts speci forse downto 250°C (tinimum values) boroee | oo =r Tele property Faxaness design | poncing ‘ee Propet store csignatin 02% protavess | wns strength Charpy ewe asi Etongaten ach See | Stee ewe] nen Me nen “le @) st F ] 190 lsegatenaetes|seresbertlset| | mim | nen rina agin’ Niner wh rf | ann itTable 3a. Ch cal compositions of austenitic res, German speciation forall wrought product forts Nearest Specification ‘Composition. Weight per cent. steal stee! Werkstot [| Si] Mm | NW] cr ]MO] tT] NbB |S]? type. designation number | max | max | max min |_min_| max | max ‘SEW 680-70 BOE] XID rN TES a D030 O85} 10.0 | 19.0 | max oF XS CTE TO a D035 O85} 11.5 | 19.0 | max at X10 GrNTT Ta 10 TENS OAD] TO | ZO ]100-| 17.0 05 | sxc 0.050 | 0.085| 12.0 | 19.0] max | 08 37 XO CrNIND 18 70, Teas POIO] TO Pao [OO PTO OS = | exc [0030] 0.045] 12.0 | 19.0 | max 01 DIN 1744072 304 | XS Cr Ni 18S Taso Poor | 10 [20 es | 7 T= 10.09] 20.0 3X OTST TART OMT] 0 | BO TiO | 17-05 = 120 | 200 Boa | REC NTES Tam06 [OOS] 10 [ZO ]100-| 7.0 T= 125 | 200 at XTOGrNIT TES Tas POAT] 10 | BO ]B0- | 17.05 oxo T= 115 | 190 37 | X1OCrNIND 18S 74550 oro] 10 | 20 ]a0- | 17.04 ~ exc] | ~ 11s | 190 (orta soxc)| - | - 8 XS Or NT 181 Ta UOT] AD] 20 HOS | 18] ZO = 135 | 185] 25 aL] REO NM TET TaAOE OOS] TD] BO Tt. 185] 20° = 140 | 185 | 25 CeTy | XOCNMT TET) | 147 | TO | 40 | 20 [10S [AES | 20-| xe 7 135 |1a5| 25 GiENB}| XTOCINIMoND 1810} 14880 [oto] 40] 20 [105-| 165] 20-| - [exo] - | ~- ras | 185] 25 (ora 16x0) DIN 267 Blatt 11:68" DIN 17440 Werkstott Ne 304 TAROT or a2 or ‘See compositions given above. 321 1.4541 316 1.4ao1 or Be oF ‘See compositions given above, @ieT) 1.4871Table 3b, Mechanical propertios quoted #9 German DIN 17440 Standard for austenitic stain SEUW'S80.70 and A.D. Merxblant W10 as Suitable for use at faw temperatures (ttn guranteed values, except where sated atherwise fr oom temperate ess) less steels accepted by See [ow [om [ae | om | ow [| we | oa | oon | com ail aoe — Tete feo-os oon ezfiomsesf sore] sxoseo | soso | son | ssnsion sons Fee WAS Pa elLeiei|e{[s |e] el ¢ z “anc” [oz | coor [asor | saree | sanzsam | snsen | eos | coor | sonra aie oe | lo fo lw | o | « | « | « © » |elefe)e|e2]}se]¢e] es 2 mm § | $f es} es] 3] 3} e] ee] 3 8 fact sera s da sicm kg im kg tmierrt_ fot Soret mts sind oe guantesin fe sla oon ostTable 3c. Mechanical properties quoted in SEW 680-70 for austenitic stainless stools suitable for use at low temperatures and accepted by A. D. Merkbiatt Wid for uso in prossure vessols down f0 a! laast -283 °C (atnimum values at oom temperature excep as sated otherwise) Nearest AIS! steel type 302 308 221 ar ‘Sieal designation xazceni | xSGrni | xtoceNiT: | x10.GeNIND 18-9 18-10 18-10 18-10 Wierkstff number xs00 | 6906 | 1.6003 | 1.6008 Condition ‘Annealed °C 1050-1100 } 1050-1100 | 1020-1070 | 1020-1070 WO or Ac (0.2% proot arose Nimm 220 10 210 210 toot 14 "2 13 13 katie 2 19 2 a 70% proof tress Neon 250 230 250 280 tontin? 7 15 16 16 atime a 2 25 a Tensile strength Ninn 490-090 | ago-so0 | 490-740 | 4o0-740 tontin? ‘32-4 32-44 ‘3248 32-48 atime 50-70 50-70 5075 50-75 Elongation toon 865 So a) 50 50 40 40 (> 5 a5 35 8 © 0 40 30 » Reduction ofarea Ye @) cy 60 50 50 3} 5 55 5 48 © 50 50 40 40 Impact strength See Table 3 Mandatory intor-rystaline corrosion test No No No NoTable 3d. impact values quoted in SEW 680-70 for austenitic stainiess steels a [PRY ree | ine fee] nice] s BRT ioe] a ABER > Pane eat] ie fee ine o [es LATS SI Eas Nearest AIS! stool ype 204 321 3160 167) DIN 267: 68 soa destnation me a copied by AD Marin WO as etabe for use down oa 196 -ere cost Tiree deter an ee vec pies | tear 02% poo rss i so | 40 | so | a | so | a | ao | 20 agin 35 30 ‘ ° 3 50 8 30 ‘ont = 2 Fy 8 3s 2 2 3 Fens svonth Sin eo | oi | sco | si | eo | 01 | sw | so Agta? 70 3 0 5 70 es * 35 ate a f Ey = ie ff & s Proton Nim aes | ao | 305 | ass | cas | aaa] ans | ass agi “as | “is wos | or fas |“ wos | “or one as | ts | ss | 7 us | ts | es | Elongation Lo = 8 25 20 3 0 25 20 3% 20 Tact strength IS Ucich festpece 5 x 28 28 x da sen? 3 . . 3 igim 4 ‘ ‘ 4 Pope 3 é é 3 tr - - 3 2 - - 2 3Table 4a. Chomical compositions of ws ABNOR specifications wught austenitic stainless steels suitabl for use at low temperatures. French Nearest ‘AFNOR ‘Composition. Weight pe cent are specification As ‘36-209: 70 Prout [c ] si | Mn mi [Noo] s | one form | max | max | atax | mi | ce | to | ain fib= Ta max | ntax Steal designation ri Piate ao | 170 aoa_| z5cn 18-09 szomm | ao7 | 10 | 20 | 100 | 0] - | - | - | 00%] oo Piate e0- | 70 soa} Z20n 18-10 szomm | a03 | 10 | 20 | 110 | 0] - | - | - | 00% | oo Piate 10.0- | 170- xe aor | zoonr 1-411 e2aimm | 008 | 10 | 20 | 120] 180] - | ce | - | 0020 | aos vio- [t60-| 20- satel} Z2cno 17-12" pie | aos} 10 | 20 | 30 | 180] 25 | - | - | 0020 | oo tether | or t10- | 160] 20- | 8*c|t0~e (e167) | zecnor 17-12" Pite | o10} 10 | 20 | 130] 180 | 25 | os | 10 | 000 | oor Table 4b. Mechanical properties of austenitic stanless steels suitable for use at low femperatures, French specifications for plate material s20mm thick (Atnimum values at oom epertute except as sate oerwis) ‘Nearest AISI see! type 308 304L, a2 316L. (16) [AFNOR specication ‘A36-209: 70 ‘536-209: 70 ‘536-209 70 ‘836-209: 70 1A36-200 :70 Stet designation 7Z6GN 18-08 Z2CN 18-10 zeent 1-11 | Z2cnb i712" | ZacnoT 1712 [Conaiton ‘Annealed at “C and WO 1025-1075 1025-1075 1050-1100 - - 0.2% proof stess @ @ | @ @ | @ ie ‘Nim zw 200: | 190 = 180 | 220200 200 240 har 21 a | 9 re | 22 20 20 24 tonilin? as 3 | ozs is | 4 3 3 155 atime” 25 ms| 195 185] 25 205 205 2S Tensile svength Nim 510-710 460-060 490-690 540 520 har S171 46-66 49-69 34 59 tonitin? 33-46 2043 2245 35 38 atime” 52-72 arr 50-70 55 0 sion. % on 8.85550 @ © of@ ®» of@ » @ Etongat 565: S 404543 | 404543 | oa Ea 48 Impact strength for plates upto 20mm thick: charpy Charpy Charpy charpy charpy Type of test u v u v u v teh Vepoteh Tost temperature °C sao | 106 | +20 | -196 | +20 | -16 | +20 | -19 | +20 | 106 J ao | «| o | o | o v2, | 10 | 120 | 160 | 120 *easlem 2 wo? | 42 wo | 12 9 20 1s | 20 8 afm 6 8 6 8 6 7 16 2 | ie 2 kat mem’ 2 0 | 2 w | 2 9 2 1s | 20 15 ibe 4a saa so | aa si | ve | a | te 89 Mandatory intercrystaline ‘corrasion tet No No No No NoTable $a Italian UN! specifications for various forms of austenitic stainiess steels suitable for use at low temperatures Nearest Composition. Weight per cant ‘Aisi UNI " ‘ante stool | Fomofproduct | speci- | Stee! designation sts Tess ‘ype fication ax | max | max | oni | ce | mo | min | "Ta | Max ) max ao-|i7o-| 06 035 203_| Bare caor71| xiocrnisse0m [oz] 10 | 20 | 1x0] 190] max | - | - | 035 | 020 304 | Bare 2201-71 a- | 70 Plates 6902-71 |) x5 crni18 10 006) 10 | 20 fro] 0) - | - | - Joao] ooss Sheet and strip | 6903-71 a0- | 10 Seamless tube | 6904-71 | _x5.CrNi 18 10 cos fors| 20 | 120] 200] - | - | - }oos0| o0«0 Bare e017 o0e ao | eo Shoot and stip | 6003-71 || X8OrN 19 10 10 [vs | 20 | 120] 200] - | - | - |oos0| 008s O08 3o- | 10 Seamless tube | 6904-71 | _x8.CrNi 19 10 0 | ors] 20 | 120] 200] - | - | - |o.x| 0040 aoa | Bare 201-71 90- fio Plates 6902-71 |. x2crnite 11 o03] 10 | 20 }r20] 10) - | - | - Joos] oors Sheet and strip | 6903-71 a0- | 10 Seamless tube | 6904-71 | x2.GrNi18.11 03 fo7s| 20 | 130] 200] - | - | - foos0] o0«0 36 | Bare 2201-71 vos-)160-| 20- Plates 6902-71 |) x5 CrNiMo 17 12 006] 10 | 20 }ra5| tes] 25 | - | - Joos] oo Sheet and strip | 6903-71 Tio-f1e0-| 20- Seamless tube | 6904-71 | XS CrNiMo 17 12 oa fo7s| 20 |'35| 180] 25 | - | - |oos0| 00% Bare e017 oe Fo ieo-| Zo Sheet and stip | 6903-71 ] - x8 CrNiMo 17 12 aso fo7s| 20 | 135] 0] 25 | - | - fos] 00x Seamless tube | 6904-71 Bare 201-71 Tio-fie0-| 25 Plates 6902-71 |). x5 CrNiMo 17 13 006) 10 | 20 | rao] tes] 30 | - | - Joos] ooss Sheet and stip | 6903-71 Tio) ie0-| 25 Seamless tube | 6904-71 | _XSCrNiMo 17 13, oa | o75| 20 | 40] 180 | 30 | - | - }oos0| 00% Bare 0-7 O08 Tho] 160-2 Seamless tube | 6904-71 |) X8.OrNIMo 17 13 yo | ors} 20 | 140] 180 | 30 | - | - |o.x| 0090 er 01-7 Tio) 160-| 20 Plates 6902-71 |). x2 CrNiMo 17 12 o03| 10 | 20 fro] tes] 25 | - | - Joos] ooss Sheet and strip | 6903-71 Tio) ie0-| 20- Seamless tube | 6904-71 | _Xx2.CrNiMo 17 12 oa | o75| 20 | 40] 180 | 25 | - | - |oos0| 00% Bare 201-71 Tis] 1e0-| 25 Plates ea0z-71 | x2crnimor713 | 003] 10 | 20 ris] tes] a0 | - | - Joos] ooss Shoot and stip | 6903-71 Tis) 160-| 25 Seamless tube | 6904-71} x2CrNiMo 17 13, coos fors| 20 |S) BSL 45] — | — focal 020 wiem| Bars eaor-7t Tos 160-] 20- fox e Plates ea0z-71 |. xecrnimotii712 | 00a] 10 | 20 |1a5| 125] 25 | 08 | - Joo] ooss Sheet and strip | 6903-71 ma wos-[160-| 20- [ox Seamless tube | 6004-71] xscrimoti3712 | oos|o7s| 20 | 135] 185] 25 | 06 | - |oos0| 0040 Bare e017 Tie] ieo-| 25 fone Plates ea0z-71 |. xecrnimotii713 | 008] 10 | 20 |ras| 25] a0 | os | - Joo] ooss Sheet and stip | 6903-71 max v1s-[160-| 25- [sxc Seamless tube | 6004-71] xscrnimoti3713 | oosfo7s] 20 | 145] 185] 30 | 06 | - |oos0| o0«sTable a. Continued. Incarest Compostion. Weight per cont ist uN AS! | Format product | spec: | Stel designation — [SS m - ‘pe feaion ax | ota | nae | ne Max | Max [aren] Bare oT TOs Pitos 6002-71! xocenimonb 1712 | 008 | 10 | 20 | 25 0.030 | 0.045 Shoot and stip [6503-71 105 Seamiess ube | 6500-71] x6-crnimonb 1712 | 008 | 075 | 20 | 25 0.020 | 0.040 oT ne 6002-71! xocenimonb 1713 | 008 | 10 | 20 | 185 0.030 | 0.045 Shoot and stip [6603-71 1 Seamiess ube | 6500-71] xecrnimonb 1713 | 008 | 075 | 20 | M5 0.020 | 0.040 wat | Bare wor a Piatos 6002-71 |) xoceniTi 1841 o0e | 10 | 20 | 295 0.030 | 0.045 Shoot and stip_| 6603-71 seantesstute |ev0e71] xecrniiett | 008 | 078 | 20 | 82; 0.030 e030 Bare wT oon a ‘Shoot and stip | 6602-71 || xa cenit 18 11 oa | o75 | 20 | 295 020 | 0030 Searioss tive | 6604-71 37] Bare e071 a Piatos 6002-71) xoceninote11 | 008 | 10 | 20 | 995 0.030 | 0.045 Shoot and stip_| 6603-71 seaniess use |o0e-71] xecrnino1e11 | 008 | 075 | 20 | 285 0.020 | 0.090 Bars exot-r1 oo. 20- Bona stip [RSET]: xerninoistt | 9% | 075 | 20 | 995 0.030 | 0.030 4 20- Seamiess ube |6s0e-71| xacrninota11 | 24, | o7s | 20 | 99; 0.030 | 0.030 Table 5b. Mechanical properties quoted in Italian UNI specifications for the austei less steels listed in Table 5a (Mir vues at room temperate except se tated oteree)Table 5b. Con’tions of wrought austen table for uso at Swed Nearest Swedish Composition fr al product forms, except as stated otherwise, Weight por cont lst specication sto! sis ce [| s | Mm 7 >] ss]? ‘ype max | mac | mac | mi | ce | Mo | min | ta | max | max ao. | a7. 208 142939: 65 oos | 10 | 20 | v0 | 20] - | - | - | cox | oos oo. | 70 304. 14.2962:65 oo | 10 | 20 | v0 | 20] - | - | - | cos | oss 90. | a0 or aa 14.2337:67 oos | 10 | 20 | v0 | 90] - | or | - | oo | oos Bar, tube or forgings 130 90. | aro 10x oer 14.23.38: 65 oos | 10 | 20 | v0 | 90] - | - | 12° oo | oos Bar, tube or forgings 130 wos | es | 20- 16 14.2347 08 oos | 10 | 20 | v0 | 190 | 25 | - | - | cos | oos wos | ws | 25 316 142349: 69 oos | 10 | 20 | 140 | 190] ‘30 | - | - | coa | oos vis | ws | 25 aie. 14.2959: 65 oos | 10 | 20 | 5 | 15 | 30 | - | - | oo | oos 150 Tube max wos | s-| 25- | onc jem) | 142948:65 oos | 10 | 20 | 140 | 190 | 30 | or | - | oom | ooss Bar, tube or forgings 150Table 6b. Mechanical properties quoted in Swed (Atninum vues at oom temperature except a sate otherwise) specifications for the austenitic stainless steels listed in Table 6a. Nearest ais 308 soa | sar | a7 | ote 316 316. (rer) steal ype [Swedish os as | ss | ss | as os os as specticaton | 14 23 33, (ra 23 sa]ta 23 a7ft4 23 3alta 23 a7] 1423 a3 423 53 fra 23 aal [Cancion Annealed 1050 ro20 | 1020 | 1020 | 1050 1050 1020 1020 auc. fo. root svess [@ @ «7 © @/@ ef@ ofa ele efe o @ © wf © © © @f@ e& ‘wimm [200 120 — — — [180 170/210 190]220 200/220 200[z20 200 - - 20010 - - -| 20 tent sn = Lar rsa ela tate “aa yta aD fas we DT] segtime? 2018 — — —| te a7|21 t9]22 20/22 2]22 20 - ~ —|20 we - — “la a Tensile sterar [@ eo © © w/e ele w/e ele ele © @ © fo » © o @f@ w& 490 880 780 740|460 460] 490 <90| 490 490|490 490] 490 490 880 780 740| 490 490 G80 780 740]490 490 ‘2 7 st 48/90 30|32 a2/a2 32|a2 a2/s2 32 or 51 48/ar a2 s7 st 48| 32 32 50 99 80 75 {a7 a7] so 50] 50 5050 50] 50 50 99 80 75/50 50 90 80 75/50 50 ‘Nin tentin® gma see Etongation Yeon (45 45 - - -|4s 45] 40 40] 40 40/45 as]as as - - -]as as - - -|a0 40 565; So Waraness Hemax [180 12 - - — {180 180/190 190] 190 190] 180 180]180 190 - - — [180 10 - - — |190 190 Impact ‘tena Not specified Tandatony inte. enstaline tet Yes ves | ves | Yes | Yes Yes Yes Yes o @ | @ | @ | o ” o 0 heh ar aod fering Soc idlmm tek seamen Table 7. Chemica) compositions of cast austenitic steels suitable for use at low temperatures. British, Swedi American and German specifications Nearest ‘Composition. Weight pe cent ‘Ais Specitcation Stee! ec] sum f[u]afm]w)s |p ‘ype max | max | max rmin | max | max British S163 67 in 170 308 Grade A oo] 15 | 20 | ao | 210} - | - | aoa | 0040 17.0 oat, Grade oa | 15 | 20 | a0 | 210} - | - | ood | 0040 10- xo” oar Grade 8 oo | 15 | 20 | as | 20] - [os | 0040 | oooTable 7. Cominued Nearest Composition. Weight per cant. as Specification steel ec ]s]m][n|loa]m]m|)s |e ‘ype max | max | max min | mac | mac BS1622:67 in wro- | 20- 316 Grade A cas | 15 | 20 | 100 | 200 | 30 | - | 0.080 | 0040 aro | 20- 316 Grade D cos | 15 | 20 | eo | 200 | 30 | - | ono | 0040 aro [175 316 Grade E cas | 15 | 20 | eo | 200 | 20 | - | oo | 040 aro | 20- 0. Grade F cas | 15 | 20 | 100 | 200 | so | - | 0.080 | 0040 Swedish Steal aoe fas a0 | sist4233: 69 23312 cos | 1s | 20 | 1x0 | 208 | - | - | ons | oss Steal woo [aro | 25- aie | sist423.43:69 23412 cos | 15 | 20 | 135 | 200 | 32 | - | o0as | 004s “American "ASTM A296: 68 and ASME SA-351 168, fac- | 180- 308 Grade CF-8 cos | 20 | 15 | 110 | 21.0 | - | - | 080 | 0040 ao. aro sat crs cos | 20 | 15 | 20 | 20 | - | - | oo | 0010 a0- rao | 20- 316 cram | 08 | 20 | 15 | 120 | 210] 0 | - | a0 | ooso ao. Paro | 20- 0. cram | 003 | 15 | 15 | 130 | 210 | Go | - | aoa | aos ac- frao- anc oar crac | 008 | 20 | 15 | 120 | 210] - | “10 | ooo | ooeo German SEWeas-68 Werkstoff Nr Ta ao fas 304 | G-x6.crN 18.10 1.6902 oar | 20 | 20 | 140 | 200 | o7 | - | 0020 | oss ao. far sar | G-x7 crNiND 1810 1.6905 oar | 15 | 20 | 140 | 200 | o7 [exc | 0020 | 04s DIN 1745-69 Steal designation Wierkstoff Nr oo. fas soe | G-x6crN 18:19 1.4908 oar | 20 | 15 | 140 | 200 | -@ | - | 0.020 | 004s fac | a7.0- soz | c-x10crnit88 14912 o12 | 20 | 15 | 100 | 198 | -@ | - | 0020 | 004s ac. fas sar | G-x7 crn 189 1.4852 cos | 15 | 15 | 140 | 200 | -@ foc] ov | 004sTable 8. Mechanical propertios quoted in British Standards for the cast austenitic stainless steels listed in Table 7. (ttinimum vues at oom temperature except where stated therwise) Nearest AIS! toe! type 308 oat, 316 316 316 a6. 37 Nearest ASTM ‘att sloel ype ors ors orem cram orem cram crac fastens 67 Gadea | Grade = = = = Grade 8 jastea2: 67 = = cade | Graded | Gradoe | Grader = [Cancion yo00- 000 *000- 7000 1000 000 7000 ‘Annealed °C: +100) +100) 1180 1150) 1180 1180) 1150) WO or AC 0.5% proof tess Nim 210 10 210 230 210 10 210 onlin? 135. 2 135 15 135 2 135 ati at 19 215, 235 2s 19 218 Tensile svength Nim 400 430 480 510 480 430 400 onlin? 3 28 3 33 ‘3m 28 3 ati 43 4 3 5 9 4 43 Eiongaton %. Lo 5.65, So 2% 2% 26 2% 26 2% 2 [charpy V-notch impact value at 196°C a a a 4 4 4 a 20 ‘alon’ 54 54 42 42 42 54 25 gim 4a 41 35 35 35 4 2A af vem 51 54 43 43 43 54 26 toh 20 20 25 2 8 20 5 Intereystalin corrason test Mandatory" | Optionat® | Optional? | Optionat® | optionar® | optional | optionatTable 9, Mechanical properties quoted im Swedish specifications for the cast austenitic stainiess steels. listed in rab)e 7 {ieiman vs at wom temperate ect at Nearest Ais! steal type aoe | ate Nearest ASTM Cast stl type crs | cee SiS spociicaton | 14 23 93 | 14 23 43 Stoel grade 23 33-12 | 23 43-12 Condition Anneaied atc | 1050 | 1050 Yield sess ‘Nim reo | 200 toatin? nis | “125 *aflmet 18 20 Tensile strength ‘Nim 40 | 40 toot? 29 29 “ailment 6 48 longation on 565 So 35 38 Hardness HB 780 780) Mandatory iter- enpstaline No No corrosion test Table 10. Mechanical properties quoted in American specifications ASTM A296-68 and ASME 351-68 for the cast austenitic stainiess steels listed in Table 7. (Aisimur vals at oom temperature) Nearest ASI soe! ype 08 204 316 ate ur ASTM AQS6-8 and ASME 381-88 ona cra rant cram crac onaon Sonesed at °C min 1040 1040 1040 1010 1040 {WO or rapid coo by other means Yield sess so 10) | 190 (210) 20 20 20 New was (iss) | 125 (138) “a5 “a5 “a5 klinn 20 (21) 20 (21) a a a soe 28 G0) 28 (30) a a a Tense strong 450 (0) | 450 (400) 420 420 420 Nin, 250 310) | 290 (310) S10 S10 S10 igi “8 (9) “8 (49) i 3 3h se 3 (70) os (70) 2 2 2 Elongation % on 4D = = 2 2 2 Mandatory ilrerysaine caroson tet No No No No No Ormay be requated by purchase or Yes Yes Yee Yes Yes ‘condition specified assippied | Seniized | Assupptid | sensitzos | — sensitzesTable 11. Mechanical properties specitied in German standards for the cast steels listed in Table 7 in section thicknesses 00 mm. (ttmum gueanteed values at oom temperature except where slated otherwise) Nore Al ype cot ur 20a wa ua Tews ATW cas al po Ez ora ora ose Spaccaton Sewees-62 Dn 7aie-60 “yon dougnan Sxon [exanw| oxo | exicrn | ox onno - 1810 1810 189 188 189 Accntd by AD Meta WTO forse cave | we | tee soe | too Condon 1080, 1080, ‘080. ‘Annealed at "C WO or 02 1080 950 1100" 1100" 1100" 02 at sen 100 120 100 100 120 Nene, 118 115 118 118 115 pee e 8 e Hs i 10% pete 200 20 200 200 200 Ni 8 % % pee 2 a 2 B 2 Tensile strength 440-640 440-040 ‘440-040 40-040 ‘440-040 Now so coat eos so so wen i ies sas as as Congaton Lo = 5.05 So 2 2 2 2 2 Reducton of area S we 7 “Se wi >30 = 100mm thick “0 8 ~ ~ Troe sng iroee aera ow om ov ov ov Tetienparteac vo -is6 | oa 1m | 20 “20 120 “ee os ee 2 ‘a ‘Gafeent 12 7 8 4 10 8 6 fates ts 5] bs 3 , ss ‘ te oF] 8 al : é ol & s[o a] 8 a 2