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PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
COURSE PG1.1:
Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basins

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez


02-05 October, 2015

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Basins
Schedule
- 02-10-2015
1) Introduction
2) Sedimentary Basins
Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin
- 05-10-2015
3) Secuence Stratigraphy
4) Spanish Sedimentary Basins Examples:
- Western Mediterranean Basin
- Guadalquivir Basin
5) Report Recursos Prospectivos en Espaa. ACIEP-GESSAL

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimetary Basins Index:


1. Initial Concepts

2. Sedimentary Basins Classification


2.1. Extensional Basins
2.2. Compresional Basins
2.3. Strike & Slip Basins
3.

Bansins & Tectonic Plate Margins


3.1. Divergent
Margins
Sedimentary
Rocks
and Sedimentary Basin
3.1.1. Rift Basins
3.1.2. Passive Margins (Drift)
3.1.3. Ocean Basins
3.1.4. Aulacogens
3.2. Convergent Margins
3.2.1. Trench Basins
3.2.2. Fore Arc Basins
3.2.3. Back Arc Basins
3.2.4. Foreland Basins
+Pyggy Back Basins
3.3. Transform Boundary (Strike&Slip Basins)
3

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Basins:
1) Initial Concepts
5% Lithosphere mass
75% Earth Surface: 66% Onshore and 85% Offshore

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Seismic expression of structural styles. A.W. Bally.Volumen 1.

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

continental or oceanic

upper mantle

The mantle is composed


of silicate rich in iron and
magnesium

lower mantle

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin


outer core composed of
iron mixed with nickel and
trace of lighter elements

inner core composed


primarily of iron and nickel.

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

CRUST
LITHOSPHERE

SO2 rich

Rigid behavior
Plate techtonics

Sedimentary Rocks and Oceanic


Sedimentary100-150km
Basin
Mohorovicic
Continental: 250-300 km
UPPER
MANTLE

1.300 C
ASTHENOSPHERE

SO2 poor
flow

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Tectonics as life source in the Earth

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Isostasy

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

- Mechanism: Global Tectonic

+ Fast Subsidence (Tectonic subsidence): Continental or marine basins


+ Slow Subsidence (Thermal subsidence): Marine basins
- Timing:
+ Pre-tectonic
+ Sin-tectonic
+ Post-tectonic

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Marly Lias (Basque-Cantabrian Basin)

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Santiago Quesada

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Jurassic thickness and extension. Basque-Cantabrian Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Geochemical evolution in the Cadialso-1- Well

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Santiago Quesada
Permanyer-Beriz

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Jurassic geochemical modeling. Basque-Cantabrian Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Beriz & Permanger

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

2. Sedimentary Basins Classification

2.1. Extensional Basins


Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin
2.2. Compresional Basins
2.3. Strike & Slip Basins

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

2.1. Extensional Basins

Intracratonic
Basins

Continental
Rift Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin


Oceanic
Basins

Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

2.2. Compresional Basins

Foreland
Basins
Back-arck
Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Fore-arck
Basins
Trench

Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

2.3. Strike & Slip Basin

Pull-Apart Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Transitional Crust
New Oceanic Crust

Continental or Oceanic
Crust

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

3. Bansins & Tectonic Plate Margins


3.1. Divergent Margins
3.1.1. Rift Basins
3.1.2. Passive Margins (Drift)
3.1.3.
Basins Basin
Sedimentary Rocks
andOcean
Sedimentary
3.1.4. Aulacogens
3.2. Convergent Margins
3.2.1. Trench Basins
3.2.2. Fore Arck Basins
3.2.3. Back Arck Basins
3.2.4. Foreland Basins
+Pyggy Back Basins
3.3. Transform Boundary (Strike&Slip Basins)

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

3.1.1. Rift Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Drift

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Gaben and horst

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

MODULE: 1

COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

MODULE: 1

COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

MODULE: 1

COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

MODULE: 1

COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Rifts and Geochemistry

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Basque Cantabriqan Basin:


2 Rifting Stages
Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Basque Cantabrian Triassic Rift


Buntsandstein Basin.

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Atlantic South Rift

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Empalme Basin (Ecuador)

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Arivechi Basin (Mexico)

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Rin Rift Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Norway Rift Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Norway Rift Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Rifting Railroad Valley (Nevada-USA)

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Western Meditarranean Rift

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Valencia Mediterranean Trough

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Reus Wells

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

MEDITERRANEAN RIFTING AMPURDN TROUGH

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Amposta-Castor Trap

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Rift Seismic Expression

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

GRABEN

HALF GRABEN

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Half Graben

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Half Graben Marys River Valley (Nevada-USA)

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Half Graben Seismic Expression

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Half Graben Seismic Expression

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Half Graben Seismic Expression

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

3.1.2. Passive Margins Basins (Drift)

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

PASSIVE MARGIN

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Passive Margins Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

52

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Passive Margins Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

53

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Passive Margins Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

Iberian Atlantic Basin : Passive Margin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Congo Atlantic Passive Margin Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Brazin Atlantinc Passive Margin: Cear Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

3.1.3. Ocean Basins

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Ocean Basins on the World

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Ocean Basins: Seismic expression

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Ocean Basins: Seismic expression

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Ocean Basins: Cone-Fan and canyon

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Abyssal Fans

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

64

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Abyssal Fan

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

65

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Incised Valley

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

3.1.4. Aulacogen

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

68

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Aulacogen: Thermal/Isostatic Subsidence


Paleozoic Anadarko Basin, Texas/Oklahoma; Mississippi Embayment

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Intra-Plate (Intracratonic) Basin Settings

Thermal/Isostatic//Subsidence
Paleozoic Michigan Basin; Illinois Basin

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Murzuq Basin (Libia): Intracratonic Rift

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

San Jorge Basin (Argentina): Intracratonic Rift

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

72

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COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernndez. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

EXERCISES

73

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