Boreas

Technology:
Gods of the
North Wind
Inc.
By: Terrance Glover, Olivia Logan,
Sean Stein and Krystal Yhap

Background - Why Europe

Europe leads with 91% of the world's total offshore wind power
installed

As of June 30th, 2015 a total of 3,072 offshore wind turbines

have been installed in European waters
Combined capacity of 10,393.6 MW across 82 wind
farms in 11 different countries
55.9 % UK
15.8 % Denmark
13 % Germany
8.8% Belgium
3.1 % Netherlands
2.6 % Sweden
Powers 7 million homes

Future of Offshore Wind

First half of 2015, 584 wind turbines
fully grid connected added

A further 102 turbines installed, but not

currently connected to the grid

Increasing reliability driving down

costs
High elasticity of supply enables
domestic manufacturing of
substructures
Employment opportunities

Background
Client: Energinet.dk
Client Overview:
Provide reliable energy for society through renewable energy
Supply 5.6 million people with power
Owned by the Ministry of Climate and Energy
Client Need:
Location: Erritso,Denmark
System Type: Offshore - Wind (1.6MW) - 3 blade
Project Benefits:
Provide energy to Denmark and surrounding areas
including Germany, Norway, and Sweden
Offset manufacturing site
Advancing European energy market

Location
The Wind Turbine will
be located l2 km from
the Edge of Dragr
Denmark.
Baltic Sea
Coordinates:
5527'24.50"N,
1231'55.27"E
Near the gas division
located in Ballerup
near Copenhagen.

Design

Target energy produced:949.648

kwh/h**

Wind Speed in Dragor: 12mph**

Efficiency: 59.3%

1.6 MW system

Wind Blows most on the western

and the southern facing coasts
of Denmark.

Triblade horizontal axis systemmost efficient

Base type:tetrapod

Blade Swept area:16867.47 m^2

Total height: 93 m

Blade length: 73 m

Design Calculations

Design: Components and Materials

Materials for Offshore Wind Turbine
Components
Rotor: Hub(1) and
Blades(2)

Material Needed
1.
2.

Nacelle(1): Gearbox(2),
Generator(3), and
Transformer

1.

2.
3.

Steel and Glass reinforced plastic or

carbon fiber reinforced plastic
Glass reinforced plastic or carbon fiber
reinforced plastic
Steel, aluminum, copper, glass
reinforced plastic, and permanent
magnetic materials
Steel, aluminum, and copper
Permanent magnetic materials , steel,
and copper

Frame: Machinery and

Shell

Steel, aluminum, copper, and glass

reinforced plastic

Electrical Infrastructure

small and large array cables,

substation, and export cable

Tower

Pre-stressed concrete and steel

Cost
Denmark Wind
Turbines: ~$1.2 billion
Operation and
Maintenance Costs:
~$100 million annually

Design Calculations/Payback Period

A 1.6 MW Offshore Solar Turbine + O&M (excluding discounting) costs $3,149,834
The expected lifetime of the turbine is 20 years
Capacity factor for year 2015 was 37.5%
Discount rate is 7.5% = $102 per $1000 of capital (*Actually used 8% rate)
A 1.6 MW Turbine + O&M (including discounting) costs $3,471,118
Average price of natural gas is $0.22 per kWh
Payback Period (without discount): 2.7 years
Payback Period (with discount): 3.0 years

Final Recommendation
Overarching
Recommendation: Implement 1
- 3 blade wind turbine (1.6MW)
Operation and Maintenance
(O&M):

Insure proper budget allocation

Billion dollar annual growing

industry in the UK

Expansion: Ensuring testing

and efficiency of current
turbine to expand pilot project
to multiple turbines.

Questions ?

References

https://www.irena.org/documentdownloads/publications/re_technologies_cost_analysis-wind_power.pdf
http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/statistics/EWEA-European-Offshore-Statistics-2014.pdf
http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/821/chp%253A10.1007%252F3-540-29284-5_19.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F3-540-29284-5_19&toke
n2=exp=1447460042~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F821%2Fchp%25253A10.1007%25252F3-540-29284-5_19.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.com%252Fchapter%252F10.1007%252
F3-540-29284-5_19*~hmac=1b7f82f1511cfb6377941709ccdd335d3d99b6859ddcbbf5935c4dc6c00a9783
https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/drag%C3%B8r_denmark_2622937
http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/dokumenter/publikationer/downloads/wind_turbines_in_denmark.pdf
http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c08/e3-11-42.pdf
http://www.perihq.com/documents/WindTurbine-MaterialsandManufacturing_FactSheet.pdf
http://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201210001.htm&content[]=EW&content[]=WP
https://www.irena.org/documentdownloads/publications/re_technologies_cost_analysis-wind_power.pdf
http://www.ijsrp.org/research_paper_feb2012/ijsrp-feb-2012-06.pdf
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy15osti/63267.pdf
http://mragheb.com/NPRE%20475%20Wind%20Power%20Systems/Economics%20of%20Wind%20Energy.pdf
Ho, Andrew, and Ariola Mbistrova. "The European Offshore Wind Industry - Key Trends and Statistics 1st Half 2015." The European Wind Energy Association. 1 July 2015. Web.
European Wind Energy Association. The economics of wind energy. EWEA. 2009. Web. 4 Dec 2015. http
://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/reports/Economics_of_Wind_Energy.pdf
http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/reports/Economics_of_Wind_Energy.pdf
http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/reports/Economics_of_Wind_Energy.pdf
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-RXpsThDwSQHoqzx-isIIp38KGl9jal2R7cjUAEi1HM/edit#gid=813384091