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SomePersuasiveTechniques
Weusepersuasivelanguagetoconvinceotherstoagreewithourfacts,shareourvalues,acceptour
argument,andadoptourwayofthinking.Therearemanydifferentwaystopersuadepeople.Herearesome
techniques:
Appeals
Canpersuadetheaudiencebylinkingtowhatheor
shecaresaboutmost.
Onepersuasivetechniqueisappealingtothe
audience's:
Emotionsorfears
Desiretoseemintelligent
Desiretoprotectfamily
Desiretobeacceptedorloved
Desiretobeanindividualorpartofagroup
Desiretofollowtradition
Desiretobewealthyorsavemoney
Desiretoproveloveofcountry
Desiretohaveajustorequitableworld
Evidence
Canpersuadetheaudiencebymakingthereader
seetheauthorasknowledgeableandtheargument
asmorelogicalorreliable.
Examples
:Statistics,expertopinions,research
findings
Note:Sometimesauthorsuseanecdotalevidence.
Thisiswhenyouuseapersonalexperienceor
isolatedexample,insteadofscientificproof.Itisoften
mucheasierforpeopletobelievesomeones
personalstorythancomplexdata.Butscientific
measuresarealmostalwaysmoreaccuratethan
personalperceptions.
Example
:Usingreferencestocutebabiesor
injustice
Attacks
Canpersuadetheaudiencebymakingtheaudience
feeltheydoNOTwanttobeonthewrongside.
Attackson:
Opposingviews
Thepeoplewhoholdopposingviews
Callingopposingviewsfoolish,dangerous,
uncaring,ordeceitful
Usinghumortomakefunofopposingviews
Note:thistechniquecanoffendoralienatethe
audienceifoverdone.
InclusiveandExclusiveLanguage
Canpersuadetheaudiencebyincludingthereader,
bycreatingasenseofsolidarity,orbycreatinga
senseofresponsibility.
Inclusivelanguagesuchaswe,our,us
Exclusivelanguagesuchasthem,their,
they
Example
:Peoplelikeyouandmedonotwanttosee
thishappen.
Example
:TownHall?
clownHall!
Ifweconsiderthe
mayorslatestcomments.
RhetoricalQuestions
Canpersuadetheaudiencebyencouragingthemto
thinkintheauthor'smindset.
RhetoricalQuestionsarequestionsthatdonot
requireananswerandareaskedforeffectonly.
Generalizations
Canpersuadetheaudiencebyappealingtoalready
heldprejudices,biases,stereotypes,racism,sexism,
etc.
Makesweepingstatementsaboutawholegroup
basedononlyoneortwomembersofthatgroup.
Thesequestionsengagetheaudienceand
encouragethemtoconsidertheissueandacceptthe Note:thistechniquecanoffendoralienatethe
authorsanswer,orimplythattheanswerisso
audienceifpreviousprejudicedoesnotalreadyexist.
obviousthatanyonewhodisagreesisfoolish.
Example
:Astoremanagermightseeoneteenager
Example
:Dowewantourchildrengrowingupina
shoplift,andwritealettertotheeditorclaimingall
worldwheretheyarethreatenedwithviolenceon
everystreetcorner?
teensstealandcantbetrusted.
SomePersuasiveTechniquesContinued
Connotation
Canpersuadetheaudiencebycarefullychoosing
wordstoappealtotheaudience'semotions.
Hyperbole
Canpersuadetheaudiencebyappealingtothe
audience'semotionsandmockingtheopposingside.
Theconnotationistheemotionalmeaning
associatedwiththeword.Persuasiveauthorsoften
choosewordscarefullyfortheirpurpose.
Hyperbole(highperbowlee)isextreme
exaggerationoftenusedforshockvalue.
Example
:Everyweekendthecityisoverrunby
Example
:Killandslaughterbothmeantocause
beggars.
deathbutslaughtercausestheaudienceto
imaginetheactwasparticularlyhorrific.Alsolabeling
peopleterroristvsfreedomfighter.
FormalLanguage
ColloquialLanguage
Canpersuadetheaudiencebymakingtheargument Canpersuadetheaudiencebyappearingfriendly
soundreasonable,rational,andbalanced.
andmakingaconnectionwiththeaudience.
Formallanguageisusingpropergrammar,noslang, Colloquiallanguageisinformal,everyday,
nocontractions,andlongerwords.Thiscanmake
conversationallanguage.
theauthorseemknowledgeablewhileremoving
emotionfromtheissue.
ExampleConversational
:
Informal:WenttoBarcelona.OMG,lotstotellyou!
ExampleWordChoice
:
Formal:WewenttoBarcelonafortheweekend.We
FormalInformal
havealotofexploitstodivulge.
CommenceStart
TerminateEnd
EndeavorTry
ExampleContractions
:
Formal:Shehasdecidedtoacceptthejob.
Informal:Shestakenthejob.
Repetition
Canpersuadetheaudiencebyensuringthe
messagestaysintheaudience'smind.
Repetition,sayingkeyphrasesmultipletimes,is
usedtoreinforceanargument.
Example
:Nowisthetimetomakerealthepromises
ofdemocracy.Nowisthetimetorisefromthedark
anddesolatevalleyofsegregationtothesunlitpath
ofracialjustice.Nowisthetimetoliftournationfrom
thequicksandsofracialinjusticetothesolidrockof
brotherhood.Nowisthetimetomakejusticea
realityforallGodschildren.
ImageryandFigurativeLanguage
Canpersuadetheaudiencebyappealingtothe
audience's5sensestoprovideatangible
connection.Alsothistechniquecanappealto
emotionandmaketheauthorappearwellspoken
andsophisticated.
Figurativelanguageisusingimageryanddevices
suchassimile,metaphor,andsymbolism.
Examples
:Australiaisafabricwovenofmany
colors
seerepetitionexample(imagery)