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Name(s): Mitch and Helena

Period: 4
Date: 12/14/15

Case Study #10


Diagnosis and Explanation
This boy shows all signs of a obsessive compulsive disorder, more commonly known as
OCD. As Psychology Today defines it, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety
disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations
(obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions) (1) The
fact that he must have everything in a routine down to every detail or else he has feelings of
anxiety proves he has this disorder.

Behavioral Therapies
It is said by the International OCD foundation (IOCDF), that the most effective treatment
for this disorder is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and/or medication. CBT is a type of
psychotherapy defined as exposure and response prevention. It was originally used to treat
depression but is now used to treat a variety of mental illnesses, like OCD. It has the
strongest evidence supporting its use in the treatment of OCD, and/or a class of medications
called serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SRIs (IOCDF) It consists of working with a mental
health counselor, which is a psychotherapist or therapist, in a structured way, and also attending
a limited number of sessions.
Cognitive Therapy
It is said by the International OCD foundation (IOCDF), that the most effective treatment
for this disorder is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and/or medication. CBT is a type of
psychotherapy defined as exposure and response prevention. It was originally used to treat
depression but is now used to treat a variety of mental illnesses, like OCD. It has the
strongest evidence supporting its use in the treatment of OCD, and/or a class of medications
called serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SRIs (IOCDF) It consists of working with a mental
health counselor, which is a psychotherapist or therapist, in a structured way, and also attending
a limited number of sessions.
Group Therapies
OCD support groups are available in a variety of different organizations that can be
found through a simple web search. OCD support groups enable you share your own
experiences and learn from others who are facing the same problems as you. This can be
effective for many suffering from this disorder because they will feel as if they are not alone and
can improve their quality of life.

Biological Treatments
Medication can only be prescribed by a licensed medical professional, like a physician or
a psychiatrist. They would then would work together with a therapist to develop a treatment
plan and determine what medication works best for the individual patient, depending on the
severity and symptoms etc. Taken together, ERP and medication are considered the first-line
treatments for OCD. (International OCD Foundation)

Case Study #27


Diagnosis and Explanation
We diagnosed this women with Obsessive Compulsion Disorder and Body Dysmorphia.
BDD (body dysmorphic disorder) is a body-image disorder characterized by persistent and
intrusive preoccupations with an imagined or slight defect in one's appearance. (ADAA). She
exhibits this when she picks at her face, thinks about her breasts or stomach, and constantly
frets about her appearance and personal hygiene. Shes also diagnosed with OCD (defined in
case #10) because of her obsession with mirrors and washing. She will shower with three
different kinds of soap, wash her face two or three times at once, and constantly needs to look
at herself when she sees a mirror.

Behavioral Therapies
In the case of those with Body Dysmorphic Disorder, a lot of people do not look for medical
treatment but instead look for surgical treatments to fix their perceived appearance flaws, which
in long term only makes this disorder worse. This is why it is a much harder disorder to treat
and detect, and it is important for loved ones to be aware and be able to recognize it so they
can offer help. Clinical Biological Therapies are said to be the most effective way to heal BDD,
CBT models of BDD (e.g., Veale, 2004; Wilhelm et al., 2013) incorporate biological,
psychological, and sociocultural factors in the development and maintenance of BDD.
(International OCD foundation)
Cognitive Therapies
The techniques included in the therapy for BDD include cognitive restructuring, exposure and
ritual prevention, and relapse prevention. In these treatments, physicians make it their goal to
individualize the technique of therapy for each specific patient, and to work out what qualities of
themselves they dont like, so that they can focus on those specifically. Motivational
Interviewing is a tactic used, in which the therapist empathizes with the patients body imagerelated distress instead of directly questioning the validity of the beliefs. This is found to be very
effective because the patient feels more comfortable talking about their flaws, instead of
ashamed and insecure. This is an important step to healing this disorder, gaining confidence,
and overcoming the negative thoughts.

Group Therapies

Group therapy is not a popular treatment for either OCD or BDD. In most cases, a one
on one therapy session is more beneficial to a patient in terms of finding out where the the
source of the thoughts or behavior is coming from. Support groups are available so she can
know she isnt alone in her struggle. This can offer moral support and possibly other people she
can use as outlets to talk about her problems.

Biological Treatments
Drugs are an effective treatment for OCD patients. About 7 out of 10 people will benefit
from medication. Effects of OCD are usually reduced by 40-60% through medication. The types
of medication that research has shown to be most effective for OCD are a type of drug called a
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI), which are traditionally used as an antidepressants, but also
help to address OCD symptoms. (IOCDF). While not all antidepressants work for OCD, they still
may help with the Body Dysmorphic Disease. The Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor should be the
best option, helping both the OCD and BDD.
Case Study #38
Diagnosis and Explanation
We are diagnosing Samantha with PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). When
experiencing a traumatizing event, peoples flight or fight kick in. People who have PTSD may
feel stressed or frightened when theyre no longer in danger. (nimh). The threat of physical
harm, the tornado that scared Samantha, likely induced PTSD. We diagnosed her with PTSD
because she started experiencing these nightmares and flashbacks after this event, even when
she is in a safe environment.
Behavioral Therapies
While many behavioral therapies seem like they wouldn't be effective for this situation, Cognitive
therapy is one that could work. Exposure therapy would be a terrible idea, unless she
associates the midwest to her PTSD. Stress Inoculation Training would help solely so Samantha
can understand what's going on (med)

Cognitive Therapies
My work for Samantha. A cognitive therapy would mean she would talk while someone tried to
figure out her thought pattern (Mayo). If she identifies an unrealistic view on her fear, it may be
something she could work with the therapist to correct.

Group Therapies
Group therapies may not correct the problem the best way, but it may work wonders on her
moral support. Seeing people struggling with the same thing and sharing her own fears may be
encouraging (Mayo). Could possibly help Samantha cope with her problem.

Biological Treatments
Antidepressants may help sleep problems, as well as a drug called prazosin. Prazosin isnt FDA
approved however. Prazon helps with insomnia and recurrent nightmares. (Mayo) I would not
prescribe the medication, but I would make the patient aware of it. I dont think the FDA
approved drugs could improve the sleep situation.

Resource Page
study 38: "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder." NIMH RSS. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.

"Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)." Treatments and Drugs. Mayo Foundation for Medical
Education and Research. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.
"Post-traumatic Stress Disorder." CTSA: PTSD: Treatment. University of Pennsylvania. Web. 11
Dec. 2015.
study 10:
"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." Psychology Today. Sussex Publishers, LLC. Web. 14 Dec.
2015.
study 27:

"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." NIMH RSS. U.S. Department of Health and Human


Services. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.

"Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) | Anxiety and Depression Association of America, ADAA."
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) | Anxiety and Depression Association of America, ADAA.
Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.
"How Is OCD Treated?" International OCD Foundation. International OCD Foundation, 28 Apr.
2014. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.
"A Therapist's Guide for the Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder."BDD. International OCD
Foundation, 14 Aug. 2014. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.
Hartmann, Andrea, Jennifer Greenberg, and Sabine Wilhelm. "A Therapist's Guide for the
Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder."BDD. International OCD Foundation, 14 Aug. 2014.
Web. 14 Dec. 2015.

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