NIC and ROUTERS:

NIC:
what is a network interface card?
Anetwork interface controller(NIC, also
known as anetwork interface card,network
adapter,LAN adapteror physical network
interface, and by similar terms) is acomputer
hardwarecomponent that connects a computer
to a computer network.

Uses of NIC:
A computer uses anetwork
interface card(NIC) :
1. To become part of a network.
2. The NIC contains the electronic circuitry required
to:
. communicate using a wired connection (e.g.,Ethernet
cablewith an RJ-45 connector.)
. a wireless connection (e.g. Wi-Fi).

The role of the NIC is to:

Prepare data from the computer for the network
cable.
Send the data to another computer.
Control the flow of data between the computer
and the cabling system.
Receive incoming data from the cable and
translate it into bytes that can be understood by
the computer's central processing unit (CPU).

ROUTERS:
A router is adevicethat forwards
datapackets along networks.
A router is connected to at least two
networks, commonly
twoLANsorWANs ora LAN and
itsISPs network
Routers are located atgateways, the
places where two or more networks
connect.

USES of ROUTERS:
A router is used to :
1. route data packets between two networks.
2. It reads the information in each packet to tell
where it is going.
3. If it is destined for an immediate network it has
access to, it will strip the outer packet, readdress
the packet to the proper Ethernet address, and
transmit it on that network.

Role of the ROUTER:

It tells all of your data what route
each piece of data needs to take to
get to the right computer or to the
Internet.

Knowledge:
The most familiar type of routers is:
Home and small office routers that simply pass
data, such as:
web pages
email
IM
And videos between the home computers and the
Internet.
An example of a router would be the owner's
cable or DSL router, which connects to the
Internet through anISP.