Cross Categorical Grid

Definition
Cognitive Disabilities Individuals with
Cognitive Disabilities
have intellectual
disabilities. Cognitive
disabilities normally
display deficits in
mental tasks.

Etiology
There can be many
different causes for
cognitive disabilities.
Some causes may include

Genetic Conditions (ex.

Down Syndrome)
Infections during
pregnancy, use of
drugs, alcohol usage
during pregnancy
Problems during
childbirth (lack of
oxygen)
Illness or Injury
(Measles, Meningitis,
etc.)

Characteristics
Implications
-Delayed processing
- Differentiated instruction
- Providing multi-step
- I.Q. below 70
assignments in
- Short-term memory
increments --- providing
-Short attention span
one step at a time
- tired or overloaded
- Reciprocal teaching
too quickly
- Visual schedules
-Difficulty with multi- Depending on severity
tasking and multi-step
homework check in and
directions
outs
-difficulties reading out
- Provide visuals
loud
- Check for understanding
-decoding difficulties
- Model instruction
- Provide 1:1 instruction
- incomplete mastery of
- Teach self-monitoring
basic facts
skills
- difficulty recalling
Assign a peer tutor
-difficulty with word
- Scaffold instruction
problems
- Textbooks available
- difficulty
online w/ audio selection
pronouncing words
- Partner with a strong peer
-anxious about
- Introduce only one
deadlines
concept at a time
- difficulty with
- Provide a balance of
organization
visual and audio
- difficulty with social
instruction
- Print worksheets in larger
cues and reading cues
print
- Reversal of letters
Modify assignments
- poor penmanship
accordingly
-poor spelling
- Read tests and quizzes

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-slow at copying notes
- inconsistent mistakes
- Delayed reading and
math skills
- Lack of balance
- Confusion
-

out loud
Check for understanding
Create an organizational
system for student
Use acronyms

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Emotional/Behaviora
l Disabilities

Children that display

emotional/ behavioral in
a pervasive manner that
could be deciphered as
depression or
unhappiness.

There are at least 3

factors that can be
identified with Emotional
Behavioral disorders
Biology the
relationship between
drugs/vaccinations,
biology/genetics, family
history
Home & Community
this shapes how
individuals are molded.
Individuals are a product
of the environment
theyre raised in. The
environment in which
ones grows up in can
have a positive or
negative effect.
(School can also be a
factor).

-Disrupts classroom
activities
-impulsive
-Distracted easily
- Does not follow
classroom rules
-Seems to not care
about classroom rules
- Demonstrates
aggressive behavior
- Low self esteem
-Difficulty working
with others
- Often manipulative of
situations

Specific Learning
Disabilities

A disorder that affects

the basic psychological

Causes of Specific
Learning Disabilities can

-Difficulty learning to
read by 1st grade

Creating a Behavioral
Intervention plan that
works for the student and
sets them up for success
Understanding what may
trigger the behavior
The student may miss
instructional time when
behavior is triggered and
needs to be removed
from the environment for
short or lengthy amounts
of time.
Understand how to
handle the behavior
properly (each student is
different)
Allow for mini breaks
Look for signs of
behavior escalating
Appropriate
consequences to the
behavior
-Keep classroom rules
clear and simple
Treat everyone fairly
Use motivational
strategies
Differentiated instruction
Remedial teaching of

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processes that can lead
to specific disabilities in
reading, writing,
speaking, math
calculations.

include, but are not

limited to
Limited Cognitive Skills,
Poor or inadequate
instruction, genetic
causes

- Difficulty learning
basic skills
- Struggles to
summarize what they
have read
- Avoids reading or
math (possibly both)
- Difficulties with
reading comprehension
- Difficulty with
vocabulary
-Messy handwriting
-Difficulties with fine
motor skills
- confuse math symbols
-difficulty with word
problems
- Does not show
progress with targeted
skills after 2
interventions
-difficulty with
attention
-difficulty following
multi-step problems
-Requires additional
help in the classroom

basic skills
Direct instruction
Use diagrams, graphics,
graphs, visuals to support
learning
Engage students in
process type questions
Provide work that the
student can complete
individually
Provide prompts
Model instruction
Provide appropriate
interventions
Partner with a strong peer
Probe for progress
Small group
Provide with sentence
starters and graphic
organizers to help with
writing
Allow the use of
multiplication charts and
manipulatives in math
class
Provide simplified
instructions
Provide audio with
reading
Check for understanding
Summarize after reading

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Other Health
Impairment

Students that have

limited alertness in not
just the educational
setting. Other health
impairment can range
from asthma to ADHD,
to psychical limitations
Chronic or acute health
problems example
heart condition,
diabetes, leukemia,
sickle cell, etc.

Other Heath Impairment

can have a wide array of
causes. They include
-Infections,
environmental
influences, prenatal,
perinatal, postnatal care,
hereditary, allergies,
accidents, multiple
factors, and unknown.

ADHD -- hyperactivity,
impulsivity, behavior
heightened by
overstimulation,
blurting out in class,
difficulty staying in
their seats or staying
focused in class for
lengthened periods of
time.
-weakened strength
-fatigue
-mobility issues
- stamina
-inability to concentrate

a paragraph to check for

understanding
Close proximity to
teacher
Partner with a strong peer
Differentiated instruction
Remedial teaching of
basic skills
Direct instruction
Use diagrams, graphics,
graphs, visuals to support
learning
Engage students in
process type questions
Provide work that the
student can complete
individually
Provide prompts
Model instruction
Provide appropriate
interventions
Partner with a strong peer
Probe for progress
Small group
Provide with sentence
starters and graphic
organizers to help with
writing
Allow the use of
multiplication charts and
manipulatives in math

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Autism

A mental condition that

is diagnosed at an early
age. Typical
characteristics include
lack of communication
and forming of
relationships.

There is no known cause

for autism. Studies have
shown that children with
autism have different
shaped brains and
researches are looking
into genetic factors that
may play a key role in
autism.

Little or no eye
contact
Difficulty
understanding
the rules of
conversation
Difficulty
understanding
jokes
Obsession with
objects
Causes injury to
self
Difficulty
sensing time

class
- Provide simplified
instructions
- Provide audio with
reading
- Check for understanding
- Summarize after reading
a paragraph to check for
understanding
- Close proximity to
teacher
- Partner with a strong peer
- Provide with appropriate
supplementary aides and
services depending on
impairment
- Provide tasks in sequential
order
- Keep language simple and
concrete
- Teach social skills and role/
taking turns
- Give fewer choices
- Avoid using sarcasm
- Avoid using idioms
- Repeat directions and check for
understanding
- Provide clear organization and
structure
- Foreshadow change

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-

Gross motor
skills are behind
peers
Unable to
express
frustration
Difficulty with
transitioning
Perfectionist in
certain areas
Has the need to
fix things
Play is
repetitive

- Avoid overstimulation
- Find an interest to connect to
instruction
- Provide visual
- Modify instruction when
appropriate
- Provide appropriate
accommodations
-Supervise social interactions
-Provide sensory breaks when
necessary