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CALCULUL LIMITELOR DE FUNCII

CAZUL DE NEDETERMINARE

- CAZURI DE NEDETERMINARE

Exerciii rezolvate:
1. lim
x

Probleme propuse:

3
)
x
2;
= lim
5
x 2 5 x
x 1 2
x
x ( 2

2x 3

3x 5

2. xlim

4x 2 6

x2 x 1
lim
8. x
;
4

5
)
2
x
=
6 = xlim

4 x 2 (1
)
6
2
2
x
(
1

)
4x
4x 2
x(3

3x 5

= xlim

3
;
2

x 1
3x 3 5 x 2 2
;
9. lim
x
2 3x

11.

1
1
ln x 2 (1 )
2 ln x ln(1 )
2
ln( x x) lim
x
x
5. lim
= x
= lim
=
4
x
x

2
2
ln( x 2 x)
ln x 4 (1 3 )
4 ln x ln(1 3 )
x
x

14.

ln(3 2 x 5 2 x )
lim
13. x
;
x
x
ln(3 5 )

1
;
2

lim

2x 5

lim

3x 2 9 x 6

x2

x2
x 1

9)

lim
x

6 x 3 5 x 11
2x 3 4x 2 6

2x 5
x4

4x 6

lim

9x 2 7

17.

3x
3x
lim 3 4 ;
x
25x 45x

x3

x3
; 6) lim
;
2
x

7)

2x 5

2
lim 7 x 3x 5 ;
x
4x 2 1

3)

lim

x2
x 1

4)

lim

8)

lim

;
x
x2 4

10)

lim

6x
9x 2 5

11

2x
lim ln(1 4 ) ;
x

5
5

x 2
x 2
2
x
x

lim

x
3
9 6
1 6
x 3 2
3 9 2
x x
x x

Rezolv singur exerciiile: ..........................

Tem:
3
2
4x 6
lim x x ;
1) xlim
;
2
)
2

x
5x 5x
2x 2 4
2x 4 x 2
;
3x 3 x 2
5) lim
x

lim

16.

7.

lim 3 x2 4 ;
x

3x 8
ln( x 2 4 x )
lim
12. x
;
ln( x 2 5 x)

15.

2 x

3 x 1
x
x
3

2 3
1
lim
;
6. lim
x
x
x
x 5 3 2
x
5

2
3x 5
3

3x 5 6 x 2 2
;
1 3x 2

8
x(3 )
3x 8 lim
x 0;
3. xlim
2

x
5
2 x 5x
x 2 (2 )
x
3
3
3
x 1 x = lim x 3x 2 3x 1 x 3 lim 3x 2 3x 1
4. xlim

x
x
3x 2 2 x
3x 2 2 x
3x 2 2 x

=1

lim

10.

3
lim 4 x 4 x 4 ;
x
6

x 1

12)

lim

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x2 1

x2 1

3x 2

13) lim
x

2x 8

14) xlim

4x 2 4

ln( x 3 3 x )
lim
; 15) x
;
5

lim

16)

ln( x 5 x)

x2 7

ln(e 3 x 1)
;
ln(e x 1)
Rspunsuri: 1. 0; 2.

; 3.

7
4

; 4.

3
;
5

; 5. -3; 6. 0; 7. -1; 8. 1; 9. 1; 10. -2; 11. -4; 12. ; 13. ; 14. 2; 15.

16. 3.

CAZUL DE NEDETERMINARE

Exerciii rezolvate:

1. xlim

4x 2 1 4x 2
lim
4 x 1 2 x = x
2
2

4x 1 2x

Probleme propuse:

lim

5. xlim

2. xlim
x

x
= xlim

3. xlim

5x

9 x 2 5 9 x 2
lim

= x 3 x
9 x 2 5 3x

= xlim

x 3

= 5 ;
5

1
3

9x 2

x2

2x
2
2 x
9. xlim

x 4

10.

8 16 3
4
2
4
4 =0;
4 (1 2 ) (1 2 ) 3 1 2 4
2
x
x
x
x
x
x

5x 2 lim
x 3
4. lim

x 3 x 3 x( x 3)
x3
x 3

2x x

x2 4 x

x 3 4 x 3 x 3 2 = = xlim

( x 3 4 x) 2 3 ( x 3 4 x) ( x 3 2) 3 ( x 3 2) 2
4x 2

x 3x x 3
8. lim x 2 x 4 x 1
7. xlim

9 x 5 3 x = xlim
9 x 2 5 3x =
x
2

x3 4x x3 2
3

6. xlim

=0;
1
1)
2
4x

2 x( 1

lim

x 2
x 2

3x
1
2

x2 x 4

11. xlim

ln 3x 2 ln (2 x 1)

12. xlim

5x 2

;
x ( x 3)
2

2 x 2 3x 2 x 2 5

x 4 x 2 x 3x 3
2

Rezolv singur exerciiile: ....................

Tem:
1. lim

4. lim

x 2 1 2x ;

x 2 2x 1

6. xlim

x 1 2

x
8. xlim

2. xlim
2x

x 2 x 1

x2

2 x 2 3x 5
x

x2 3 x ;

5. xlim

7. xlim

x3 ;

9. xlim
x 3

3. xlim

x2 6x 5 ;

x 2 3x x ;

x3 x 2 1 3 x3 x2 1 ;

x2 x 1 x ;

5x
2
5 x ;
10. xlim

x 1

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11.

lim
x 1
x 1

2x
5
2
;
x 1 x 1

12.

lim

1
1
;

sin 2 x
cos x

13. lim
x 2

1
1

x x 2 2 x 2 3x 2 ;

14. xlim

ln 4 x 5 ln (4 x 3)

Rspunsuri: 1.

; 2. 6; 3. 32 ; 4.

; 15. xlim

ln 2 x

6 ln (3x 2 2) ;

1
2
1
; 5.
; 6. 0; 7.
; 8. 1- 2 ; 9. 0; 10. 0; 11.
2
3
2

; 12. ; 13.

; 14. 0;
15. .

CAZUL DE NEDETERMINARE

Exerciii rezolvate:
1. lim
x 0

2.

1 5 x

3
x

lim

Exerciii propuse:

e15 ;

lim

62 x
x 3

3. xlim
1

4
x

8x

e 2

1
= xlim

8x
4 x

4 x

4x

1 ;
e2

2 x 2 x 11
4. xlim

2
2 x 3x 1

1 ;
e2

e 2

1 4 x 12

2 x 2 3x 1

x2 x 1
5. xlim

2
x x 1

( 2 x 2 3 x 1)( 2 x 1)

=e

x2 4

= lim

2x

x 1
x2 x 1

4
2x 1 2
lim
x
e x
= e2 ;
2
x x 1
2

lim

10.

e
x 2 x 1
2x

2x

x 2 x 1

x 0

1 2 x

x2 4

4x

1
tg 2 x

sin x
x sin x

sin x
12. lim

x 0

4x 8x
13. lim
x 0
2

14.

lim

x 0
x 0

1 tg

;
x 2 3
2x

2x 4

2x 3

11. xlim

Rezolv singur exerciiile: ....................

1 sin 2 x 6 x ;

9. lim
x 0

x 2 ( 4 x 12 )

2 x 2 3
x 1

8. xlim

1
3x

= xlim

2 x 2 3 x 1
4 x 12

x 2
x 2

15 7 x 3 x 6 ;

x
2 x 1

lim

7.

2 ( x 3)
x 3

lim

1 3 x 2 x ;

6. lim
x 0

x 3 7 2 x x 3 = x 3
x3
x3

1 6 2 x 62 x

15 x
x

= lim
x 0 1 5 x 5 x

1
3x

1
x

;
;

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1
x

1 sin x
15. lim

x 0

1 sin x

Tem:

1 6 x

1. lim
x 0

lim

5.

sin x

1
x

13 4 x

1
x3

3x 1

; 6. xlim

3x 1

; 10. lim
x 0

; 3. xlim
1

2 x 3

1 x e
2

x2

14*.

cos 2 x

6x 3

9 x2
3

; 4. lim
x 0

x2 x 1
; 7. xlim
2

x x 1

1
x 1 cos 2 x

; 11.

lim cos x

;2. lim
x 3

1
2x

4x 9x

9. lim
x 0

x 0

2
3x

lim
x 3
x3

x2

x x

;8. xlim

x x

( x 2) x 3 ; 12.

1 sin 3x 3 x ;
2x

lim 1 x 2 ctg x ; 13*.

x 0
2

lim ln(1 x x 2 ... x n ) nx ; 15*. lim(e x x 2 ) 1cos x ;

2

x 0

x 0

Rspunsuri: 1. e 4 ; 2. e

1
1
; 3. e 2 e ; 4.
4
e

e ; 5.

;
e 2 ; 6. e 3 3 e 4 ; 7.

8.

; 9. 6; 10.

e2

e;

11. e

12. e. 13. e 2 ; 14.

1
; 15. e 4 ;
n

CAZUL DE NEDETERMINARE

0
0

Exerciii rezolvate:

Exerciii propuse:
x2 9
9. lim
;
x 3
x 2 5x 6
sin 12 x lim sin 12 x
x2 4

3
lim
2. lim
=
;
10
.
;
x 0
x 0
x 2
4x
12 x
x3 8
sin 5 x sin 3 x
sin 5 x
x
sin 3 x
x
sin 5 x

3 5 3 2;
3. lim
= lim
x 0
x 0
11. lim
;
sin x
5x
sin x
3 x sin x
( x 1)( x 1)
( x 1)
x2 1
1. xlim
= xlim
= xlim
= -2;
1
1 ( x 1)( x 2)
1 ( x 2)
2
x 3x 2

sin 6 x

x 0

4. lim
x 0
5. lim
x 0
6. lim
x 5
lim
x 5

7. lim
x 0
8. lim
xa

lim

xa n

e 3 x 1 lim e 3 x 1
5x
3 3
5x
;
= x 0
5x
3x
e 1
e 1 5 5
ln ( 1 arcsin x )
ln ( 1 arcsin x ) arcsin x
3x
1 1

= lim
x 0
sin 3 x
arcsin x
x
sin 3 x 3 3
x 1 2x 6
x 1 2 x 6 lim
= x 5
=
x5
( x 5) ( x 1 2 x 6 )
x5
1

4 ;
( x 5) ( x 1 2 x 6 )
x 8 8
1
3 x 8 2

lim
=
2
3
x 0 x ( x 4)(3 ( x 8) 2 x 8 4)
48 ;
2

x 4x

n
n
x n a lim x a
xa n n n n =
xa
x a

1
x n 1 n x n 2 a ... n x a n 2 n a n 1

an

12. lim
x 2

sin ( x 2 6 x 8)
;
sin ( x 2 5 x 6)
13.

x 3
lim e 3 1 ;
x 3

27

8 7 6 x 5x
x 0
4 x 3x
15. lim
x

14. lim

x 0

ln( 1 tg 3 x )
;
4x
16.

lim
x 4

x5 3
5 x 1

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Rezolv singur exerciiile: ....................

17.

lim
x 0

sin 3 x sin 4 x
sin 5 x sin 6 x

3 x 2 27
lim
18. x 1
;
2
x x

19. lim
x 2
20.

2x x2
;
x2 x 2

tg 15 x
1
lim 9
;
x 0

30 x

Tem:
5
3
4
2
lim x x ; 2. lim x 8 x ;3. lim sin 4 x ;4. lim tg 6 x ; 5. lim sin ( 2 x sin 4 x) ;
x 0
x 0
x 0
x 0 tg 3 x
x 0
2x 2
x3
x3 4x
8x 2
5x
x
sin 3 x
x 2 4x 3
1
lim e 8 x 1 ; 8.
lim e
lim 5 25 ;10. lim
6. lim
;
7.
;
9.
x 1
x 0 e
x 0
x2
x 1
1
6x
x3 2x 2 2x 1
x 2 3x 2

1.

2x 2

10 x 3

ln ( 1 sin 12 x )

11. lim
; 12. lim
x 0 ln ( 1 sin 6 x )
x 0

x 27 3

; 13. lim

x 3

3x x3
e tgx e sin x
; 14. lim
;
x 2 4x 3
x 0
x3

x
7
2
n
x 7( x 1) 1
1 cos x
x x ....... x n
15. lim
; 16. lim
; 17. lim
;
2
x 1
x 1
x

0
( x 1)
x 1
x2
1
5
1
1
1
Rspunsuri: 1. 1; 2. -2; 3. 2; 4.
; 5. 4; 6. 3; 7.
; 8.
; 9. 25ln5; 10. -12;11. 2; 12.
; 13. 9-27ln3; 14.
;
2
8
2
27
2
( n 1) n
1
15.
;16. 21; 17.
;
2
2