NAMING IONS

CATION
= positive ion
= metal
= name the same

ATOM
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
ATOM
fluorine
oxygen
bromine
carbon
sulfur
iodine
hydrogen

ANION
= negative ion
= non-metal
= name changes (+ IDE)

ION
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
ION

NAMING IONS
CATION
= positive ion
= metal
= name the same

ATOM
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
ATOM
fluorine
oxygen
bromine
carbon
sulfur
iodine
hydrogen

ANION
= negative ion
= non-metal
= name changes (+ IDE)

ION
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
ION
fluoride
oxide
bromide
carbide
sulfide
iodide
hydride

NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS

CATION

ANION

Metal

Nonmetal + -ide

NaCl
CuCl2

DRAW THE FORMULAS

Sodium bromide
Lithium oxide
Magnesium sulfide
Aluminum fluoride

SINGLE OXIDATION NUMBER

Write formula & name:
Ca + I
O + Mg

= Ca2+ I-1

= CaI2

= calcium iodide

= MgO

= magnesium oxide

Na + S

= Mg2+ O-2

= Na1+ S-2
= Na2S

= sodium sulfide

MULTIPLE OXIDATION NUMBERS

Some elements, usually transition elements, have more than one oxidation
number
NAMING METHODS
1) LATIN + SUFFIX
or
2) IUPAC METHOD using ROMAN NUMERAL
CHARGE
SUFFIX
ROMAN NUMERAL
Fe+2 ferrous ion
Iron (II)
Fe+3 ferric ion
Iron (III)

Give FORMULAS and LATIN NAMES

Cu1+Cl-1

= CuCl

= cupric chloride

Cu Cl

= CuCl2

= cuprous chloride

= FeO

= ferric oxide

= Fe2O3

= ferrous oxide

2+

-1

Fe2+O-2
Fe3+O-2

1) LATIN + SUFFIX
= Old method of naming

METAL = Latin +
- OUS

- IC

ENGLISH LATIN

OXIDATION #s

LOWER

HIGHER

Copper
Iron
Lead
Tin

Cu (1,2)
Fe (2,3)
Pb (2,4)
Sn (2,4)

Cuprous
Ferrous
Plumbous
Stannous

Cupric
Ferric
Plumbic
Stannic

Cuprum
Ferrum
Plumbum
Stannum

OXIDATION NUMBER
LOWER = Cu1+ is cuprous
HIGHER = Cu2+ is cupric

2) ROMAN NUMERALS
Oxidation #
Cu1+
Cu2+

(roman numerals)

copper (I)
copper (II)

Give the FORMULA and NAME

Cu2+ Cl-1
= CuCl2
= copper(II) chloride
Co2+ Cl-1
= CoCl2
= cobalt(II) chloride
Hg1+ S-2
= Hg2S
= mercury(I) sulfide
Hg2+ S-2
= HgS
= mercury(II) sulfide
Ca2+ Cl-1

= CaCl2

= calcium chloride

ROMAN NUMERALS

NO

YES

Group 1 & 2 & 13

Transition
Metals
&
Group 14 & 15
(Only Metals)

POLYATOMIC IONS
=groups of atoms that interact as a single unit
usually ends in ATE or -ITE

OXIDATION NUMBER

CARBONATE CO3 2BICARBONATE

HCO3 NITRATE NO3 SULFATE SO4 2PHOSPHATE PO4 3PERMANGANATE MnO4 3AMMONIUM NH4+

POLYATOMIC IONS
HYDROXIDE

CYANIDE

OH

CN

NONMETAL + - IDE

OXIDE
HYDRIDE
BROMIDE
FLUORIDE
NITRIDE
PHOSPHIDE
IODIDE

CO3 2NO3 SO4 2PO4 3NH4+

1)

WRITE THE FORMULAS

copper (II) oxide __________________

2)

sodium hydroxide __________________

3)

lithium oxide __________________

4)

cobalt (III) carbonate __________________

5)

aluminum sulfide __________________

6)

ammonium cyanide __________________

7)

iron (III) phosphide __________________

8)

vanadium (V) phosphate __________________

9)

manganese (III) fluoride __________________

1)

NAME THE FORMULAS

Na2CO3 ____________________________________________

2)

NaOH _____________________________________________

3)

MgBr2 _____________________________________________

4)

KCl ________________________________________________

5)

FeCl2 ____________________________________________

6)

FeCl3 ____________________________________________

7)

Zn(OH)2 __________________________________________

8)

BeSO4 ____________________________________________

9)

CrF2 _____________________________________________

NAME THESE COMPOUNDS

NaHCO3

- Sodium bicarbonate

CuSO4

- copper(II) sulfate

NH4NO3

- ammonium nitrate

Co2(CO3)3

- cobalt(III) carbonate

Ba3(PO4)2

- barium phosphate

PREFIXES for Covalent Compounds

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0

mon
o
di
tri
tetra
pent
a
hexa
hept
a
octa

CO2 =
Carbon dioxide

N2O4 =
dinitrogen tetroxide

RULES
1) OMIT: mono for first element
CO2 = carbon dioxide
2) First vowel dropped If avoids ao or oo.
CO = carbon monoxide (monooxide)
P4O10= tetraphosphorus decoxide
SO2= sulfur dioxide (doxide)

Write and name the following

covalent compounds (IUPAC)
CCl4
carbon tetrachloride
P 2 O3
diphosporus trioxide
IF7
iodine heptafluoride

 E.g. what compound would form from C + S?

Step 1 - write oxidation:
C4 S2
Step 2 - cross down oxidation: C2 S4
Step 3 - simplify formula:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Al,Br
K,S
Zn,O
Mg,N
C,Cl
Cu,O

AlBr3
K2S
ZnO
Mg3N2
CCl4
CuO or Cu2O

CS2