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CursodeInglesEnglishLesson:DirectandReportedSpeech(LeccindeIngls:Elestilodirectoyindirecto)

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DirectandReportedSpeech(Elestilodirectoyindirecto)
Cuandoqueremoscomunicaroinformardeloqueotrapersonahadicho,haydosmanerasdehacerlo:
utilizandoelestilodirectooelestiloindirecto.

DirectSpeech(Elestilodirecto)
Cuandoqueremosinformarexactamentedeloqueotrapersonahadicho,utilizamoselestilodirecto.Con
esteestiloloquelapersonahadichosecolocaentrecomillas("...")ydeberserpalabraporpalabra.
Ejemplos:
"IamgoingtoLondonnextweek,"shesaid.("VoyaLondreslasemanaqueviene,"elladijo.)
"DoyouhaveapenIcouldborrow,"heasked.("Tienesunbolgrafoquepuedasprestarme?,"lpregunt.)
Alicesaid,"Ilovetodance."(Alicedijo,"Meencantabailar.")
Chrisasked,"Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithmetomorrownight?"(Chrispregunt,"Tegustaracenar
conmigomaanaporlanoche?")

ReportedSpeech(Elestiloindirecto)
Elestiloindirecto,adiferenciadelestilodirecto,noutilizalascomillasynonecesitaserpalabraporpalabra.
Engeneral,cuandoseusaelestiloindirecto,eltiempoverbalcambia.Acontinuacintienesunexplicacin
deloscambiosquesufrenlostiemposverbales.
Avecesseusa"that"enlasfrasesafirmativasynegativasparaintroducirloquehadicholaotrapersona.
Porotrolado,enlasfrasesinterrogativassepuedeusar"if"o"whether".
Nota:Tenencuentatambinquelasexpresionesdetiempocambianenelestiloindirecto.Fijateenlos
cambiosdetiempoenlosejemplosmsabajoydespus,encontrarsunatablaconmsexplicacionesde
loscambiosdetiempoenelestiloindirecto.

DirectSpeech

ReportedSpeech

PresentSimple

PastSimple

"He'sAmerican,"shesaid.

ShesaidhewasAmerican.

"I'mhappytoseeyou,"Marysaid.

Marysaidthatshewashappytoseeme.

Heasked,"Areyoubusytonight?"

HeaskedmeifIwasbusythatnight.

PresentContinuous

PastContinuous

DanislivinginSanFrancisco,"shesaid.

ShesaidDanwaslivinginSanFrancisco.

Hesaid,"I'mmakingdinner."

Hetoldmethathewasmakingdinner.

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CursodeInglesEnglishLesson:DirectandReportedSpeech(LeccindeIngls:Elestilodirectoyindirecto)

"Whyareyouworkingsohard?"theyasked.

TheyaskedmewhyIwasworkingsohard.

PastSimple

PastPerfectSimple

"Wewenttothemovieslastnight,"hesaid.

Hetoldmetheyhadgonetothemoviesthenight
before.

"Gregsaid,"Ididn'tgotoworkyesterday."

Gregsaidthathehadn'tgonetoworktheday
before.

"Didyoubuyanewcar?"sheasked.

SheaskedmeifIhadboughtanewcar.

PastContinuous

PastPerfectContinuous

"Iwasworkinglatelastnight,"Vickisaid.

Vickitoldmeshe'dbeenworkinglatethenight
before.

Theysaid,"weweren'twaitinglong."

Theysaidthattheyhadn'tbeenwaitinglong.

"Heasked,"wereyousleepingwhenIcalled?"

HeaskedifI'dbeensleepingwhenhecalled.

PresentPerfectSimple

PastPerfectSimple

"Heathersaid,"I'vealreadyeaten."

Heathertoldmethatshe'dalreadyeaten.

"Wehaven'tbeentoChina,"theysaid.

Theysaidtheyhadn'tbeentoChina.

"Haveyouworkedherebefore?"Iasked.

Iaskedherwhethershe'dworkedtherebefore.

PresentPerfectContinuous

PastPerfectContinuous

"I'vebeenstudyingEnglishfortwoyears,"he
said.

Hesaidhe'dbeenstudyingEnglishfortwoyears.

"Stevesaid,"we'vebeendatingforoverayear
now."

Stevetoldmethatthey'dbeendatingforovera
year.

"Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?"theyasked.

TheyaskedwhetherI'dbeenwaitinglong.

PastPerfectSimple

PastPerfectSimple(*NOCHANGE)

"I'dbeentoChicagobeforeforwork,"hesaid.

Hesaidthathe'dbeentoChicagobeforeforwork.

PastPerfectContinuous

PastPerfectContinuous(*NOCHANGE)

Shesaid,"I'dbeendancingforyearsbeforethe
accident."

Shesaidshe'dbeendancingforyearsbeforethe
accident.

Nota:Cuandohablamosdealgoquenohacambiado(quesiguesiendocierto)odealgoenelfuturo,no
esnecesariocambiareltiempoverbal.
Ejemplos:
"I'm30yearsold,"shesaid.Shesaidsheis30yearsold.
Davesaid,"Kellyissick."DavesaidKellyissick.
"WearegoingtoTokyonextweek,"theysaid.TheysaidtheyaregoingtoTokyonextweek.
"I'llcutmyhairtomorrow,"Ninasaid.Ninasaidsheiscuttingherhairtomorrow.

ModalVerbs(Losverbosmodales)
Eltiempoverbalcambiaenelestiloindirectotambinconalgunosdelosverbosmodales.
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CursodeInglesEnglishLesson:DirectandReportedSpeech(LeccindeIngls:Elestilodirectoyindirecto)

Nota:Con"would","could","should","might"y"oughtto",eltiemponocambia.

DirectSpeech

IndirectSpeech

Will

Would

"I'llgotothemoviestomorrow,"Johnsaid.

Johnsaidhewouldgotothemoviesthenextday.

"Willyouhelpmemove?"sheasked.

SheaskedmeifIwouldhelphermove.

Can

Could

Debrasaid,"Allencanworktomorrow."

DebrasaidAllencouldworkthenextday.

"Canyouopenthewindow,please?",heasked.

HeaskedmeifIcouldopenthewindow.

Must

Hadto

"Youmustwearyourseatbelt,"momsaid.

MymomsaidIhadtowearmyseatbelt.

Shesaid,"Youmustworktomorrow."

ShesaidIhadtoworkthenextday.

Shall

Should

"Shallwegotothebeachtoday?"Tomasked.

Tomaskedifweshouldgotothebeachthatday.

"Whatshallwedotonight?"sheasked.

Sheaskedmewhatweshoulddothatnight.

May

Might/Could

Janesaid,"Imaynotbeinclasstomorrow."

Janesaidshemightnotbeinclassthenextday.

theboyasked."MayIusethebathroom,please?"
Theboyaskedifhecouldusethebathroom.
theboyasked.

Nota:Acontinuacintienesunatabladondepuedesobservarloscambiosquesufrenlasexpresionesde
tiempocuandousamoselestiloindirecto.

DirectSpeech

IndirectSpeech

today

thatday

tonight

thatnight

thisweek/month/year

thatweek/month/year

tomorrow

thenextday

nextweek/month/year

thefollowingweek/month/year

yesterday

thedaybefore/thepreviousday

lastweek/month/year

theday/month/yearbeforeotheprevious
day/month/year

now

then/atthatmoment

Otroscambios

here

there

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CursodeInglesEnglishLesson:DirectandReportedSpeech(LeccindeIngls:Elestilodirectoyindirecto)

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