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Australan Compter
Conference
Adelaide, South Australia, 1969
INTRODUCTION
research group at the Uiversity of Queeslad supported by
the Australia Mineral Idustries Research Associatio ad
Mout Isa Mies Limited, has bee workig for several years
the simulatio ad cotrol of mieral treatmet processes.
The object of the research work is to develop techniques for
the optimisatio ad automatic cotrol of these processes. Up
the ed of 1967 the work was mainly griding (the
breaking of ore to a fine powder) ad classificatio ( the separatio of ore into fine and coarse size fractions) . This work
has w bee exteded to iclude froth flotatio ( the cocentra
tion of valuable mieral grains using surface iteraction with
bubbles). Simulatio of both steady state ad usteady state is
being studied. Post-graduate studets associated with the project are workig the crushig of ore, flow through storage
bins, ad wet cocetratio of beach sands.
The followig equipmet has either bee simulated a
digital computer or is being aalysed for simulatio:
1. Commiutio (i.e. size reduction of ore lumps)
Rod mills
Ball mills
Coe Crushers
2. Classificatio (i.e. separatig coarse particles from fie)
Hydrocycloes
Vibratig Screes
Cocetratio (i.e. removal of
Flotatio Cells
Tray Gravity Cocetrators
also
waste from ore)
Unversity
of
Queeslad's
GE
DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS
The models are developed ad verified wheever possible with
data from full scale idustrial equipment usually supplemeted
by data from pilot plat equipment. We have foud that the
most satisfactory models are developed from theory with parameters being calculated to fit the experimental data.
Ofte it has t bee possible to develop a suitable model
from theory ad these cases empirical relations are derived
from experimetal data. Stepwise multiple liear regressio has
bee used extesively for the reductio of data but it has t
proved very satisfactory. Some other methods of data reductio
are to be evaluated.
MODELS USED
the type of models being used for simulatio, the
two most used steady state models are described briefly:
idicate
fractio
Rake Classifiers
Sieve Beds
3.
greater detail
ad
also
USAGE OF MODELS
The models allow the calculatio of the complete descriptio of
the product provided the feed description ad the properties of
the machie (i.e. the model parameters ) are kw. The simulatio of simple processig plats without closed circuits is
doe by following the flow of .ore through the plat calculatig the product of each uit tur.
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The following criteria-. have been used as a guide for the design
of programmes:
1. Detail should be required only in the sections of programme where it is used.
This ensures that programmes do not contain unnecessary complication and changes can be made
easily.
2. change to one part of the system should not affect
unrelated parts.
i.e. the programmes should consist as much as possible
of completely independent subsections.
3. Programmes should be of general purpose design.
provide greater system utilisation and reliability.
reliability.
4. The data should be simple to prepare and check.
provide greater system utilisation and reliability.
one system of programmes has been written (nor appears
feasible) to satisfy all of the above. The choice of programming languages was between assembly language (GE 225
GAP) and Fortran 11 with Fortran IV coming available later.
Fortran has been used except for a few assembly language
subroutines for list handling. The compromises that have been
developed are descbed in A-D below.
.
Fortran Subroutines
Initially a sees of subroutines for simulating the various
machines were wtten in Fortran 11. lnput, circuit description,
convergence tests, and output were all coded into the Fortran
main programme.
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=
=
ao
END
Not much more than the basic description of the problem is
required in the main programme. Detail not required here is
kept within the appropriate subprograms.
This system provides a simple method of describing the
simulation problem and still allows the full generality of fortran to be used when required. The data can take a far more
complicated form than can be used with any degree of ease
with the more usual techniques in fortran. The amount of storage used to implement this system is considered to be quite
reasonable.
Due to the amount of core (5) available for programmes,
segmentation is usually required. The use of a COMMON
system for data communication is now not considered satisfactory. Some penalty is paid in the running times required for
simulation.
Further development requires a larger computer.
D. Fortran IV Subprogrammes
provide programmes for student use, use outside of the
University and rapid utilisation of the new PDP 10 computer a
system of Fortran IV subroutines has recently been written.
Are due to the Australian Mineral Industries Research Association, Mount Isa Mines, the staff of the University of Queensland Computer Centre, and in particular Dr. . J. Lynch.
REFERENCES
DRAPER, . , LYNCH, . J., W, W. J. (1967): "Developing
the Optirnum Performance of a Mti-stage Grinding Circuit."
Transactions of the lnstitution of Mining and Metallurgy, Vol. 76, p.
C169.
DREDGE, ., LYNCH, . J. (1968): "Course Notes-Second Residential
School of Mineral Processing."
ELLY, J. R., LYNCH, . J., RAO, . C., W, W. J. (1967):
" Analysis of the Performance of a Ball Mill-Rake Classifier
Cornminution Circuit." Aust. ... Proceedings, . 224, p. 9.
LYNCH, . J., RAO, . C., W, W. J. (1967): "Technica1 Note
on On-Stream Sizing Analysis in Closed Grinding Circuits", Aust.
... Proceedings, . 223, p. 71.
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