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Subjective:
Sumasakit ang
puson ko (My
abdomen hurts),
as verbalized by
the patient.
Nausea and
vomiting
Pain in the
abdomen and
lower back
Diagnosis
Acute pain related
to increased
uterine
contractility,
hypersensitivity
Inference
Ovulation
Estrogen and
progesterone hormone
levels decline; lining of
uterus becomes swollen
and sheds
Release of
prostaglandins
(compounds that cause
the uterine muscles to
contract)
Planning
After 4 hours of
nursing
intervention,
patient will be able
to experience
reduced pain.
Intervention
Bloackage of delivery of
oxygen to tissue of
endometirum
Evaluation
Independent:
1. Explain and help
clients with pain
relief measures,
nonpharmacolog
ical and noninvasive
techniques.
Approach using
relaxation and
other
nonpharmacological
techniques has
demonstrated
effectiveness in
reducing pain.
Heat increases
vasodilation and
muscle relaxation,
while decreasing
iskemic uterus, thus
relieves abdominal
cramps.
Relaxation
techniques reduce
skeletal muscle
tension, which can
reduce pain
intensity and
improve relaxation;
blood circulation is
improved and the
oxygen demand of
Muscle contraction
Vasoconstriction in the
endometrium
Rationale
biofeedback,
meditation, and
relaxation therapy)
After 4 hours of
nursing
intervention, goal
met. Patient was
able to feel less
pain as evidenced
by lower pain
scale.
Endometrium breaks
down and dies
Unterine contractions
squeeze old endometrial
tissue through cervix
and out of the body via
vagina
Elevation of leukotienes
(chemicals that play a
role in inflammatory
response)
4. Perform
massage on
abdominal areas
that feel pain
Reference:
http://www.medicinenet.
com/
Massage reduces
pain due to the
stimulus of
therapeutic touch
Dependent:
1. Administer
analgesics as
ordered
Menstrual cramps
Analgesics block
the path of pain,
thus pain will be
reduced.
menstrual_cramps/page
2.
htm#what_causes_mens
trual_ cramps