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Chapter 8
When a group of individuals colonizes a new habitat, this is likely to be an
evolutionary event because: small founding populations are rarely genetically
representative of the initial population.
Which agent of evolution increases genetic variation in a population?
Mutation
Which of the following best describes worldwide views before and after
Darwin? BEFORE: A creator put all organisms on earth at the same time. AFTER:
Over time, species evolved, but it all started with one organism.
Which of the following best explains the difference between homologous
and analogous structures and traits? Examples of homologous structures would
be a human arm and a bat wing, whereas examples of analogous structures would
be a flying mammal and a flying insect.
Which of the following best supports the idea that the frequency of
recessive alleles does not decrease over time? Using Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium, it can be demonstrated that X allele frequencies will always produce
the same genotype frequencies, retaining the allele frequencies.
Which of the following does NOT cause mutation? Social influences
Which of the following is a primary line of evidence demonstrating the
occurrence of evolution? All of the above
Which of the following is considered a result of natural selection?
Adaptation
Which of the following is NOT an important reason that natural selection
does not lead to perfect organisms? All of the above are important reasons that
natural selection does not lead to perfect organisms.
Which of the following proposed methods is most likely to give rise to a
large population of smaller-than-average dogs after 20 generations? 1)
Start with a large population of dogs of varying sizes. 2) When selecting the dogs to
breed in order to generate a new generation, choose dogs in the lowest 20%, with
respect to body size. 3) Repeat this for multiple generations.
Which of the following statements about mutations is most accurate?
Whether or not a mutation occurs is not related to how useful or harmful the
mutation may be.
Which of the following statements about the relationship between humans
and evolution is FALSE? Because evolutionary processes are operating today just
as they have been since life first appeared on earth, humans have not influenced
evolutionary processes
Which of the following types of selection is INCORRECTLY matched with its
example? Stabilizing selection: Turkeys have been selected based on increased size
of their breast muscles.
Chapter 8
Which scientist is incorrectly matched to his scientific/evolutionary
contribution? Georges Cuvier showed through genetic experiments that extinction
had occurred.
While on the voyage of the HMS Beagle, Darwin: nurtured his love of studying
nature, exploring plant and animal diversity, and collecting fossils.