117 Inequality Selected Exercises PDF

a2 b2
ab
ab
2
1
1
1
9
2
2
2 4(ab bc ca)
(a b) (b c) (c a)
a
b
c
3
bc ca ab 2
vismPaBeRCIserIs
CMBUkTI1
lMhat;eRCIserIs
a2 b2
ab
2
!> cUrRsaybBaak;fa a b
RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a nig b .
@> cUrRsaybBaak;facMeBaHRKb; a , b , c 0 eKmanvismPaB
8
(a b )(b c)(a c) (a b c)(ab bc ca)
9
#> cUrbgajfa (a b)(b c)(c3 a) 278
(a b c )
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c .
$> eK[cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c , x , y , z .
cUrRsayfa 3 (x a)(y b)(z c) 3 xyz 3 abc
%> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b nig c cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a
b
c
3
.
bc ca ab 2
^> eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCman .
cUrbgajfa 1 2 1 2 1 2 (x 2y()(xyyz)(zx) z )
(x y )
eroberogeday lwm pln
(y z )
(z x)
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
&> cUrRsaybBaak;vismPaB
a 2 (1 b )2 b 2 (1 c)2 c2 (1 a )2
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit a , b , c .
*> ebI a , b , c (0 , 1 ) cUrbgajfa
3 2
2
abc (1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1
(>eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .

cUrRsayfa a cb b ac c ba a b c 3
!0> eK[ a , b , c , d CabYncMnYnBitEdl a2 b2 c2 d2 4 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa a3 b3 c3 d3 8 .
!!> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman .
cUrRsayfa a3 b3 c3 3abc 2 ( b 2 c a)3 .
!@> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
a b c 5 a2 b 2 c2
cUrbgajfa 3
3
!#> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitxusKa .
cUrRsayfa
a2
b2
c2
2
2
2
2
(b c )
(c a )
(a b )
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
!$> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl a2 b2 c2 a b c
cUrRsayfa a2b2 b2c2 c2a2 ab bc ca .
!%> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman . cUrRsayfa
(a 2 ab b 2 )(b 2 bc c2 )(c2 ca a 2 ) (ab bc ca)3
!^> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl abc 1 . cUrRsayfa

c a3 b 3 a b 3 c3 b c3 a3
3
.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
a b
b c
c a
!&> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;vismPaB
a3
b3
c3
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
a (b c )
b (c a )
c (a b )
!*> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsayfa

a
b
c
3
ab
bc
ca
2
!(> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman x , y , z cUrRsayfa
2(1 x 2 )(1 y 2 )(1 z 2 ) (1 x )(1 y )(1 z )(1 xyz )
@0> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman a, b, c, d cUrRsayfa

4(1 a a 2 )(1 b b 2 )(1 c c2 )(1 d d 2 ) (1 abcd )2
@!> ebIsmIkar x4 ax3 2x2 bx 1 0 manbsy:agticmYy

CacMnYnBitenaHbgajfa a4 b4 8 .
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
@@> cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a
b
c
9
2
2
2
4(a b c)
(b c )
(c a )
(a b )
cMeBaHRKb; a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman .
a3 b 3 c3 a2 b 2 c2
@#> cUrRsaybBaak;fa 2 2 2 b c a
b
c
a
@$> eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
x
y
z
1
x ( x y )( x z ) y ( y z )( y x ) z ( z x )( z y )
@%> RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsaybBaak;fa

bc ca ab
a
b
c
b
c
a
b
c
c
a
a
b
@^> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
cUrRsayfa (a b)(b c)(c a) 4(a b c 1)

@&> cUrbgajfa (a2 2)(b2 2)(c2 2) 9(ab bc ca)
@*> eKyk a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
(b c a )2
(c a b )2
(a b c )2 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b ) c
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
@(> eK[ x , y , z , t CabYncMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsayfa
2
x y z t

1 .
x y y z z t t x
#0> eK[ a , b , c nig x , y , z CacMnYnBit . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
4(a 2 x 2 )(b 2 y 2 )(c 2 z 2 ) 3(bcx cay abz )2
#!> eK[bIcMnYnBit a 1 , b 1 , c 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

1 a2
1 b2
1 c2
2 .
2
2
2
1 b c 1 c a
1 a b
#@> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl abc 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1
3
.
3
3
3
8
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 c)
##> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a2 b2 c2 (a b c)2 4

cUrRsaybBaak;fa ab 12 bc 12 ca 12 3 .
(a b )
(b c )
(c a )
#$> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b nig c . cUrRsayfa

(a5 a 2 3)(b 5 b 2 3)(c5 c 2 3) (a b c)3
#%> cUrRsayfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eKmanvismPaB

1
1
1
1
a 3 b 3 abc b 3 c 3 abc c 3 a 3 abc abc
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
mm 1 nn 1
#^> eKyk a m n Edl m nig n
m n
cUrRsayfa am an mm nn .
CacMnYnKt;viCman .
#&> eK[ x ; y ; z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1 .

cUrRsaybBaak;fa
x9 y 9
x x y y
6
3 3
y9 z9
y y z z
6
3 3
z 9 x9
z z x x
6
3 3
#*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnviCmanEdl ab bc ca 3 .

1
cUrbgajfa 1 a 1(b c) 1 b 1(c a) 1 c (1a b) abc
2
#(> eK[ a nig b CaBIrcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl a
cUrRsayfa
b2 4
ab
2 1
ab2
x3 y 3 z 3
3
xyz | ( x y )( y z )( z x ) |
3
4
x;y;z0
$0> cUrRsayfa
.
cMeBaHRKb;
$!> eK[ a , b , c CaRbEvgRCugnRtIekaNmYy .
cUrRsayfa b aa c a bb c a bc c 3 .
$@> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitEdlepgpat; a b c 3 .
cUrbgajfa | a | | b | | c | abc 4 .
2
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
$#> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
cUrbgajfa 1 a b3 c ab bc6 ca .
$$> eK[ a 1 nig b 1 .
cUrbgajfa log a log b 2 log ( a b ) .
2
$%> eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdlepgpat; xyz 1 .
cUrbgajvismPaB
2
( x y 1) 2 ( y z 1) 2 ( z x 1) 2
xyz
z
x
y
$^>eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman .
a 2b(b c) b 2c(c a ) c 2a(a b )
cUrbgajfa a b b c c a 0 .
$&> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
a5 b 5 c5 (a b c)5 10
(a b c ) 2
3
3
3
3
9
a b c (a b c )
$*> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit x (0 , 4 )
cUrbgajfa (cos x)cos x (sin x)sin x .
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
$(> eK[ a , b , c , d CabIcMnYnBitEdlepgpat;vismPaB
(a 2 b 2 1)(c 2 d 2 1) (ac bd 1)2
cUrbgajfa a b 1 nig c d 1 .
%0> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl ab bc ca 1 .
cUrkMnt;tmGb,brmankenSam E a a b bb c c c a .
%!> eK[ x1 , x2 , ..., xn Edl n 2 CacMnYnBitviCmanEdlepgpat;
2
1
1
1
1
....
xn 1998 1998
x1 1998 x 2 1998
cUrbgajfa x1n.x2 1...xn 1998 .

%@> eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz x y z .
cUrRsayfa 1xzy 1yxz 1zyx 227
.
xyz
%#> cUrbgajfaebI abc 8 nig a , b , c 0 enaHeK)an
n
a2
(1 a 3 )(1 b 3 )
b2
(1 b 3 )(1 c 3 )
c2
(1 c 3 )(1 a 3 )
%$> eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanRCug BC a , AC b , AB c

ehIymanmMukgCamMuRsYc .
ab bc ca
4(a b c)
cUrRsayfa cos
C cos A cos B
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4
3
vismPaBeRCIserIs
%%> eK[ x , y , z 0 Edl x y z 1 .
cUrRsayfa (1 x x) (1 y y ) (1 z z ) 14 .
%^> eK[ a , b , c , d CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abcd 1 .
ebIeKdwgfa a b c d ba bc dc da enaHcUrbgajfa
3
b c d a
.
a b c d
bgajfa a b c d ba bc dc da
abcd
%&> eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnviCmanEdlepgpat; abc 1 .

cUrbgajfa (a 1)(a b 1) (b 1b)(c 1) (c 1)(c a 1) 43 .
%*> eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnviCman.
bc
cUrbgajfa (1 ba )(1 bc )(1 ac ) 2(1 a 3abc
).
%(> eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnBitncenaH (0 , 1 ) .
cUrbgajfa abc (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 1 .
^0> eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl ab bc ca abc
a4 b4
b 4 c4
c4 a4
cUrbgajfa ab(a3 b3 ) bc(b3 c3 ) ca(c3 a3 ) 1 .
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
^!> eKyk x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1
cUrbgajfa yz1 z zx1 x xy1 y 32 .
^@> cMnYnBit a, , b , c , x , y , z epgpat; a b c 0
nig x y z 0 . cUrbgajfa
a2x2
b2y 2
c2z 2
3
(by cz )(bz cy ) (cz ax )(cx az ) (ax by )(ay bx ) 4

3 3 xyz
x
y
z
1 x 1 y 1 z 1 3 xyz
^#> cUrbgajfa
cMeBaHRKb; 0 x , y , z 1 .
^$> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb; a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmaneK)an
a
b
c
1 .
2
2
2
a 8bc
b 8ca
c 8ab
bgajfa 2 a 2 b 2 c 1
a 8bc
b 8ca
c 8ab
^%> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb; a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmaneK)an
(a 1)(b 1)2
3 c a 1
3
2 2
(b 1)(c 1)2
3 a b 1
3
2 2
(c 1)(a 1)2
3 b c 1
3
^^> eK[ x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl

cUrRsayfa
x 2 yz
2x ( y z )
2
y 2 zx
2y ( z x )
2 2
abc3
x y z 1
z 2 xy
2z ( x y )
2
.
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
^&> ebIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c epgpat; a2 b2 c2 3
enaHcUrbgajfa
a2
b2
c2
(a b c ) 2
2
2
2
12
2bc
2ca
2ab
.
^*> eKmancMnYnBitviCman a , b , c epgpat; a b c 1 .
b ca c ab 3
cUrbgajfa aa bc
.
bc b ca c ab 2
^(> eK[ a , b , c Ca cMnYnBitviCman.
cUrbgajfa a 1 bc b 1 ca c 1 ab 12 ( ab1 bc1 ca1 ) .
&0> eK[ a , b , c , d CacMnYnBitviCman .
2
a4
b4
c4
d4
S
(a b )(a 2 b 2 ) (b c)(b 2 c 2 ) (c d )(c 2 d 2 ) (d a)(d 2 a 2 )
cUrbgajfa S a b 4 c d .
&!> eK[cMnYnBitviCman x1 , x2 , ...., xn ehIyeKtag
Sn x1 x 2 ... xn . cUrRsayfa
S2
Sn
(1 x1 )(1 x 2 )....(1 xn ) 1 S ...
2!
n!
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
&@> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnKt;viCman n nig cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman
a1 , a 2 , ...., a n epgpat; a1a 2a 3 ....a n 1 .
n
ai
1 n 1
cUrbgajfa 4 2 a .
i 1
ai 3
i 1 i
&#> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman edaydwgfa

1 1 1
a b c . cUrbgajfa
a b c
1
( 2a b c)
1
(a 2b c)
1
(a b 2c)
3
16
&$> smIkar x3 ax2 bx c 0 manbbICacMnYnBitviCman
mincaM)ac;xusKa .
cUrkMNt;tmGb,brmaEdlGacn 13a2abbc bc .
&%> cUrRsayfa
2
2 2
2
(
a
b
)(
a
ab
b
) 2 2 2 2 1
1
1
4
(
a
b
c
)(
)
2
3
ab bc ca
Cyc
&^> ebI a , b , c CargVas;RCugnRtIekaNmYy ehIy r CakaMrgVg;
carwkkgnRtIekaNenaHcUrRsayfa a12 b12 c12 41r 2 .
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
&&> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanehIyepgpat;lkxN
16(a b c)
1 1 1

a b c
1
(a b 2a 2c)3
. cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
8
(b c 2a 2b)3 (c a 2b 2c)3 9
&*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1 .
cUrbgajfa ab 2 bc 2 ca 2 83 .
1 c
1 a
1b
&(> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman nig x , y , z
CabIcMnYnBitviCmanedaydwgfa a b c x y z .
a3 b 3 c3
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 2 2 2 a b c .
x
*0> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

a 3 4(b 3 c 3 ) b 3 4(c 3 a 3 ) c 3 4( a 3 b 3 ) 9
bc
ca
ab
2
*!> eKeGaybIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrRsayfa
a3
b3
c3
3
(b c )3 (c a )3 (a b )3 8
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
*@> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eKkMNt;tag A a b3 c
3
G abc nig
.
1 1 1

a b c
3
A
cUrRsayfa G 14 43 . HA ?

H
*#> eK[cMnYnBit x1 , x2 , y1 , y 2 , z1 , z 2 epgpat; x1 0 , x2 0

x1y1 z12 0 nig x 2 y 2 z 2 2 0 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
8
( x1 x 2 )( y1 y 2 ) ( z1 z 2 )
1
x1y1 z1
1
x2y 2 z 2
(*)
*$> eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanmMukgCamMuRsYc . cUrRsayfa

3 2
cos A cos B cos C
.
2
*%> eK[ x ; y ; z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1 . cUrRsayfa
1
1
1
1
( x 1)2 y 2 1 ( y 1)2 z 2 1 ( z 1)2 x 2 1 2
*^> eK[ a ; b ; c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .

cUrRsayfa
a(b 2 b ) b(c 2 c ) c(a 2 a ) 0
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
*&> eK[ a1 , a2 , ..., an 0 nig x1 , x2 , ..., xn 0 .
cUrRsaytamkMeNInfa
a
a
a
(a a ... a )
.
...
x
x
x
x x .... x
**> eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
3
?
3
3
3
2
a ( b c ) b (c a ) c (a b )
*(> eK[ x ; y ; z 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
2
x
y
z
1
x 2y 3z y 2z 3x z 2x 3y 2
(0> eK[sIVt a1 ; a2 ; ....; an epgpat;lkxN

a1 0 ; | a 2 || a1 1 |; ... nig | an || an 1 1 | .
cUrbgajfa a a n ... a 12 .
(!>eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCman .
cUrbgajfa
abc
c
b
a
) .
1 1 1 2 (1 3
a
c
b
abc
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
(@>eK[ a ; b ; c CaRbEvgRCugrbs;RtIekaNmYy .
cUrbgajfa
abc bca cab a b c
(#>eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanmMukgCamMuRsYc . cUrbgajfa

sin 2 A sin 2 B sin 2 C 2 3 sin A sin B sin C .
($>eK[ A ; B ; C CamMukgrbs;RtIekaN ABC mYy .
cUrbgajfa cot A2 cot B2 cot C2 3 3
(%>eK[ A ; B ; C CamMuRsYckgrbs;RtIekaN ABC mYy .
cUrbgajfa (1 tan A)(1 tan B)(1 tan C) (1 3 ) .
(^>eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsayfa
(a 2)(b 2)(c 2) 9(ab bc ca) .
(&>RbsinebI xyx (1 x)(1 y )(1 z ) Edl 0 x ; y ; z 1
cUrbgajfa x(1 z ) y(1 x) z(1 y ) 43 .
(*>eK[ a ; b ; c CaRbEvgRCugrbs;RtIekaNmYyEdlman
brimaRtesI 2 .
cUrRsayfa 32 a b c 2abc 2 .
3
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
((>eK[ x ; y ; z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl x y z 1 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 1x 1 y1 1 1z 1 8 .
!00> eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1

1
1
1
2(a 3 b 3 c 3 )
bgajfa a2 b2 c2 3
abc
!0!> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
2
a2
2a 2 ab b 2
b2
2b 2 bc c2
c2
2c2 ca a 2
abc
2
!0@> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
29a 3 b 3 29b 3 c 3 29c 3 a 3

4(a b c)
2
2
2
ab 6a
bc 6b
ca 6c
!0#> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;vismPaB
a3
b3
c3
abc
3
a 2 ab b 2 b 2 bc c 2 c 2 ca a 2
!0$> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a b c 1 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1
1
ab 2c 2 2c bc 2a 2 2a ca 2b 2 2b ab bc ca
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
!0%> eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanRCug BC a , CA b , AB c
ehIymMukg A , B , C CamMuRsYcbmMuEkg .
tag S CapRkLan ABC
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 14 14 14 9 2 .
a
!0^> cUrbgajfa
16 S
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
xy yz zx
(x y )
(y z )
(z x)
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCmanxusKa x , y , z .
!0&> cUrbgajfa 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
d
ac
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c , d .
a
bd
!0*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
2
2
8
2
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
!0(>eKyk x CacMnYnBit edaydwgfa 0 x 2 .
cUrbgajfa cos2 (x) cot(x) sin 2 (x) tan( x) 1 .
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vismPaBeRCIserIs
21
!!0> sIVt {an } kMNt;eday a1 16
nigcMeBaH n 2 : 2an 3an1 n31
2
eKyk m CacMnYnKt;mYyEdl m 2 .
cUrbgajfacMeBaH n m eyIg)an
n ( m 1)
3
m2 1
2 m
an n 3 m
2
3

mn1
!!!> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 3 .

1
m
a2
b2
c2
3
a b 2 b c2 c a2 2
cUrRsaybBaak;vismPaB
!!@> eK[ a , b , c CaRCugrbs;RtIekaNmYy . cUrRsayfa
( c a b ) 4 ( a b c )4 ( b c a ) 4
ab bc ca
a(a b c) b(b c a ) c(c a b )
!!#> eKkMNt;cMnYn a0 , a1 , a2 , ...., an dUcxageRkam

1
ak 2
a 0 ; ak 1 ak
( n 1 , k 0 , 1 , 2 , ...., n 1 )
2
n
cUrbgajfa 1 n1 an 1 .
!!$> cMeBaHRKb; a , b , c FMCagmYy cUrbgajfa
loga bc logb ca logc ab 4 (logab c logbc a logca b)
- Page 19 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!!%> eKtag , , CargVas;mMukgRtIekaN ABC mYyEdlmanbrimaRt 2p
nigkaMrgVg;carwkeRkA R .
a / cUrRsaybBaak;fa
R2
cot cot cot 3 9 . 2 1

p
etIeBlNaeTIbeK)ansmPaB ?
!!^> eKyk a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
b/
(b c a )2
(c a b )2
(a b c )2 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b ) c
!!&> eK[bIcMnYnBitminGviCman a , b , c nigminsUnRBmKaBIr .

cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1 9
(ab bc ca)
2
2
2
(b c )
(c a ) 4
(a b )
www.mathtoday.wordpress.com
- Page 20 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
CMBUkTI2
EpkdMeNaHRsay
lMhat;TI1
cUrRsayfa
ab
a2 b2
ab RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a
2
a2 b2
ab Bit
2
nig b
]bmafa a b
elIkGgTaMgBIrnvismPaBCakaereK)an
2
(a b )
a b
ab
a2 b2
a2 b2
2
2
a 2ab b
2 ab .
ab
2
2
2
a2 b 2
a2 b2
a 2ab b
2 ab .
ab 0
2
2
2
a2 b2
a b
a b
2 ab .
ab
ab 0
2
2
2
a2 b2
dUcenH a b
ab .
2
2
- Page 21 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI2
cUrRsaybBaak;facMeBaHRKb; a , b , c 0 eKmanvismPaB
8
(a b )(b c)(a c) (a b c)(ab bc ca)
9
eKmansmPaB
(a b)(b c)(c a) a2b a2c ab2 b2a ac2 bc2 2abc

(a b c)(ab bc ca) a2b a2c ab2 ab2 ac2 bc2 3abc
eFIVpldksmPaBBIrenHeK)an
(a b c)(ab bc ca) (a b )(b c)(c a ) abc (1)
a b 2 ab
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman b c 2 bc
c a 2 ac
eK)an (a b)(b c)(c a) 8abc (2)
yk (1) CMnYskg (2) eK)an

9(a b )(b c)(c a ) 8(a b c)(ab bc ca)
dUcenH (a b)(b c)(a c) 89 (a b c)(ab bc ca)
- Page 22 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI3
cUrbgajfa
(a b )(b c)(c a ) 8
3
27
(a b c )
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman
(a b ) (b c) (c a ) 3 3 (a b )(b c)(a c)
2(a b c) 3 3 (a b )(b c)(c a )
elIkGgTaMgBIrCasVyKuN 3 eK)an
8 (a b c)3 27(a b )(b c)(c a )
dUcenH (a b)(b c)(c3 a) 278 .
(a b c )
- Page 23 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI4
eK[cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c , x , y , z .
cUrRsayfa 3 (x a)(y b)(z c) 3 xyz 3 abc
eKman
( x a)(y b)(z c) xyz ayz bxz cxy abz acy bcx abc
ayz bxz cxy 3 3 abcx 2y 2z 2
abz acy bcx 3 3 a 2b 2c 2 xyz
eK)an
( x a)( y b )( z x) xyz 33 abcx2y 2 z 2 3 3 a 2b 2c2xyz abc
( x a )( y b )( z c) ( 3 xyz 3 abc )3
dUcenH
( x a )( y b )( z c) 3 xyz 3 abc
- Page 24 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI5
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b nig c cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a
b
c
3
.
bc ca ab 2
rebobTI1 tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz
(a1b1 a 2b 2 a 3b 3 )2 (a12 a 2 2 a 3 2 )(b12 b 2 2 b 3 2 )
yk a1 b a c , a2 c b a , a3 a c b
nig b1 a(b c) , b2 b(c a) , b3 c(a b)
a
b
c
)( 2ab 2bc 2ca)

(a b c ) 2 (
bc ca ab
a
b
c
(a b c )2
eKTaj b c c a a b 2(ab bc ca) (1)
a2 b 2 b 2 c2 c2 a2
ab bc ac
2
2
2
b a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca
b (a b c)2 3(ab bc ca) (2)

tamvismPaB (1) nig (2) eKTaj)an
a
b
c
3
.
bc ca ab 2
- Page 25 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
rebobTI2
a
b
c
3
eKman b c c a a b 2
a
b
c
3
1) (
1) (
1) 3
bc
ca
ab
2
b a b b c c a c b a c a a b b c 92
b (a b c) ( a 1 b b 1 c c 1 a ) 92
eK)an
(a b ) (b c) (c a ) 3 3 (a b )(b c)(a c)
2(a b c) 3 3 (a b )(b c)(c a ) (1)
1
1
1
3
( 2)
3
ab bc ca
(a b )(b c)(c a )
KuNvismPaB (1) nig (2) Gg nig GgeK)an

1
1
1
)9
ab bc ca
eKTaj (a b c) ( a 1 b b 1 c c 1 a ) 92
dUcenH b a c c b a a c b 32 .
2(a b c)(
Bit
- Page 26 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI6
eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCman .
cUrbgajfa 1 2 1 2
(x y )
(y z )
1
2( x y z )
( z x )2 ( x y )( y z )( x z )
1
1
2
(1)
2
2
( x y )( y z )
(x y )
(y z )
1
1
2
( 2)
2
2
( y z )( z x )
(y z)
(z x)
1
1
2
( 3)
2
2
( z x )( x y )
( z x)
(x y )
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) nig (3) eK)an

1
1
1
4( x y z )
2
2
2
2 ( x y )( y z )( x z )
(
x
y
)
(
y
z
)
(
z
x
)
dUcenH
1
1
1
2( x y z )
( x y )2 ( y z )2 ( z x )2 ( x y )( y z )( z x)
- Page 27 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI7
a 2 (1 b )2 b 2 (1 c)2 c2 (1 a )2
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit a , b , c .
tamvismPaB Minkowsky eKman
3 2
2
x12 y12 x 22 y 2 2 x 3 2 y 32 ( x1 x 2 x 3 )2 ( y1 y 2 y 3 )2
yk x1 a , x2 b , x3 c
nig y1 1 b , y 2 1 c , y 3 1 a nig s a b c
eK)an (x1 x2 x3 )2 (y1 y 2 y 3 )2 s2 (3 s)2 92
eRBaH s2 (3 s)2 2s2 6s 9 12 [(2s 3)2 9] 92
dUcenH
a 2 (1 b )2 b 2 (1 c)2 c2 (1 a )2
3 2
2
- Page 28 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI8 Junior TST 2002, Romania
ebI a , b , c (0 , 1 ) cUrbgajfa
abc (1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1
eyIgdwgfacMeBaH x (0 , 1) eKman x 3 x
ehtuenH abc 3 abc (1)
nig (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 3 (1 a)(1 b)(1 c)
bUkvismPaB (1) & (2) eK)an
( 2)
abc (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 3 abc 3 (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) ( 3)
abc
( 4)
3
abc
(1 a )(1 b )(1 c)
1 a 1 b 1 c 3 (a b c )
( 5)
3
3
(a b c ) 3 (a b c )
3
3
abc 3 (1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1 (6)
3
abc 3 (1 a )(1 b )(1 c)
tamvismPaB (3) & (6) eK)an

abc (1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1
Bit .
- Page 29 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI9
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
cUrRsayfa a cb b ac c ba a b
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman a b 2 ab
eK)an a cb 2 abc (1)
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
bc
ca
bc
ca
( 2) nig
( 3)
2
2
a
b
a
b
bUkvismPaB (1), (2) & (3) eK)an
c3
ab
bc
ca
ab bc ca
) ( 4)
2(
c
a
b
c
a
b
ma:geTot abc cab 2 a (5)
bc
ab
bc
ca
2 b (6) nig
2 c (7)
a
c
a
b
2(
ab
bc
ca
) 2( a b c ) a b c 3 (8)
c
a
b
eRBaH a b c 33 abc 3 abc 1

tam (4) & (8) eK)an a cb b ac c ba a
b c 3.
- Page 30 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI10
eK[ a , b , c , d CabYncMnYnBitEdl a2 b2 c2 d2 4 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa a3 b3 c3 d3 8 .
eKman a2 b2 c2 d2 4
eKTaj b2 c2 d2 4 a2 0 b a2 4 b a 2
eday a2 0 enaH a3 2a2 (1)
RsaydUcKaEdr b3 2b2 (2) , c3 2c2 (3) , d3 2d2
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2), (3) & (4) Gg nig GgeK)an
a 3 b 3 c 3 d 3 2(a 2 b 2 c2 d 2 ) 8 Bit
dUcenH a3 b3 c3 d3 8 .
( 4)
- Page 31 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI11
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman .
cUrRsayfa a3 b3 c3 3abc 2 ( b 2 c a)3 .
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman a3 b3 c3 3abc
enaH a3 b3 c3 3abc 0 .
ebI b 2 c a 0 enaHvismPaBxagelIBitCanic .
eyIg]bmafa b 2 c a 0 .
bc
a )3
2
c a 2y enaH b c 2a 2x 2y
tag
yk b a 2x nig
Edl x 0 , y 0 .
eK)an
T a 3 b 3 c3 3abc 2(
T a 3 (a 2x )3 (a 2y )3 3a(a 2x )(a 2y ) 2( x y )3
bnab;BIbRgYmrYceK)an
T 12a( x 2 xy y 2 ) 6( x y )( x y )2 6( x y )( x y )2
bc
bc 2
T 6(
a )(
) 0 Bit
2
2
dUcenH a3 b3 c3 3abc 2 ( b 2 c a)3 .
- Page 32 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI12
a b c 5 a2 b 2 c2
cUrbgajfa 3
.
3
a b c 5 a2 b 2 c2
]bmafa 3
Bi
t
3
5
a2 b 2 c2
a b c
smmUl 3
3
smmUl (a b c)5 81(a2 b2 c2 ) 81abc(a2 b2 c2 )
x2 y 2 y 2 z 2 z 2 x2
xy yz zx
2
2
2
x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz zx
( x y z )2 2( xy yz zx ) xy yz zx
( x y z )2 3( xy yz zx )
yk x ab , y bc , z ca eK)an
(ab bc ca)2 3abc(a b c)
enaH (a2 b2 c2 )(ab bc ca)2 3abc(a b c)(a2 b2 c2 )

edIm,IRsayfa (a b c)5 81abc(a2 b2 c2 ) Bit
eyIgRtUvRsayfa (a b c)6 27(a2 b2 c2 )(ab bc ca)2
- Page 33 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tag T (a b c)6 27(a2 b2 c2 )(ab bc ca)2
yk S a b c nig P ab bc ca
enaH a2 b2 c2 (a b c)2 2(ab bc ca) S2 2P
eK)an T S6 27(S2 2P)P 2
S6 27S 2P 2 54P 4
(S 2 3 P )2 (S 2 6 P 2 ) 0
dUcenH
abc
a2 b 2 c2
3
- Page 34 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI13
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitxusKa .
a2
b2
cUrRsayfa
2
2
(b c )
(c a )
c2
2
2
(a b )
tamsmPaB (x y z )2 x2 y 2 z 2 2xy 2yz 2xz

eKTaj x2 y 2 z 2 (x y z )2 2(xy yz zx)
eday (x y z )2 0 RKb;cMnYnBit x , y , z enaHeK)an
x 2 y 2 z 2 2( xy yz zx ) (*)
yk x b a c , y c b a , z a c b enaHeK)an
ab
bc
ac
xy yz zx
(b c)(c a ) (a b )(c a ) (a b )(b c)

ab(a b ) bc(b c) ac(c a )
(a b )(b c)(c a )
b(c a )(b c a ) ac(c a )

(a b )(b c)(c a )
(c a )(b c)(b a )
1
(a b )(b c)(c a )
tamTMnak;TMng (*) eKTaj)an x2 y 2 z 2 2(1) 2

a2
b2
c2
2 .
dUcenH
2
2
2
(b c )
(c a )
(a b )
- Page 35 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI14
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl a2 b2 c2 a b c .
cUrRsayfa a2b2 b2c2 c2a2 ab bc ca .
eKman a2 b2 c2 a b c
eK)an (a2 b2 c2 )2 (a b c)2
a4 b4 c4 2(a 2b 2 b 2c2 c2a 2 ) a 2 b 2 c2 2(ab bc ca)
2(ab bc ca a 2b 2 b 2c2 c2a 2 ) a4 b4 c4 a 2 b 2 c2
tamsmPaBenH edIm,Ibgajfa a2b2 b2c2 c2a2 ab bc ca

eyIgRtUvbgajfa a4 b4 c4 a2 b2 c2 .
tamvismPaB Holder eKman
(a13 a23 a33)(b13 b23 b33)(c13 c23 c33) (a1b1c1 a2b2c2 a3b3c3 )3
yk
nig
a1 b1
c1
4
a3
2
a3
, c2
, a2 b2
4
b3
, c3
2
b3
4
c3
, a3 b3
2
c3
eK)an
(a 2 b 2 c 2 )2 (a 4 b 4 c 4 ) (a 2 b 2 c 2 ) 3
naM[ a4 b4 c4 a2 b2 c2 Bit
dUcenH a2b2 b2c2 c2a2 ab bc ca .
- Page 36 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI15
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman . cUrRsayfa
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman x2 y 2 2xy

naM[ x2 y 2 3x2 3y 2 4xy 2xy 3x2 3y 2 4xy
b 4(x2 xy y 2 ) 3(x y )2 RKb;cMnYnBitviCman x nig y .
ehtuenHcMeBaH a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman eKTaj)an
3
(a2 ab b2 )(b2 bc c2 )(c2 ca a2 ) ( )3 (a b)2 (b c)2 (c a)2
4
eyIgnwgRsayfa (a b)2 (b c)2 (c a)2 ( 43 )3 (ab bc ca)3

eKmansmPaB
(a b)(b c)(c a) a2b a2c ab2 b2a ac2 bc2 2abc
(a b c)(ab bc ca) a2b a2c ab2 ab2 ac2 bc2 3abc
eFIVpldksmPaBBIrenHeK)an
(a b c)(ab bc ca) (a b )(b c)(c a ) abc (1)
a b 2 ab
c a 2 ac
eK)an (a b)(b c)(c a) 8abc (2)
- Page 37 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
9(a b )(b c)(c a ) 8(a b c)(ab bc ca )
b (a b)2 (b c)2 (a c)2 64
(a b c)2 (ab bc ca)2 ( 3)
81
a2 b 2 b 2 c2 c2 a2
ab bc ac
2
2
2
b a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca
b (a b c)2 3(ab bc ca)

tam (3) nig (4) eKTaj)an
( 4)
4
(a b )2 (b c)2 (c a )2 ( )3 (ab bc ca)3
3
Bit
dUcenH
- Page 38 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI16
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl abc 1 . cUrRsayfa
c a3 b 3 a b 3 c3 b c3 a3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
a b
b c
c a
c a3 b 3 a b 3 c3 b c3 a3
tag T 2 2 2 2 2 2
a b
b c
c a
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz eKman
(a 2 b 2 ) 2
1 3
(a 2 .a 2
eKTaj a2 b2
1 3
b 2 .b 2 )2
(a b )(a 3 b 3 )
a b . a3 b3
c a3 b3
b 2 2 ac b (1) . RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
a b
a b 3 c3
a
b c3 a3
b
(
2
)
ni
g
( 3)
2
2
2
2
bc
ca
b c
c a
a
b
c
T
bc
ca
ab
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz eK)an
2
b
c
a2
b2
c2
a
) ( 4)
3(
ca
ab
bc ca ab
bc
eday a b c
b
c
a
. bc
. ca
ab
bc
ca
ab
- Page 39 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eK)an
a2
b2
c2
(a b c) [(b c) (c a ) (a b )](
)
bc ca ab
a2
b2
c2
2
(a b c) 2(a b c)(
)
bc ca ab
a2
b2
c2
a b c 33 abc 3
eKTaj b c c a a b 2 2 2 (5)
2
b
c
a
tam (4) & (5) eK)an b c c a a b 92
naM[ ba c cb a ac b 32 enaH T 32
c a3 b 3 a b 3 c3 b c3 a3
dUcenH 2 2 2 2 2 2 32 .
a b
b c
c a
2
- Page 40 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI17
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;vismPaB
a3
b3
c3
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
a (b c )
b (c a )
c (a b )
a3
b3
c3
3
tag S 3
3
3
3
a (b c )
b (c a )
c (a b )3
yk x b a c , y c b a , z a c b
eK)an S 1 3 1 3 1 3
1 x
1 y
1 z
tamvismPaB AM GM RKb; u 0 eKman

2
1 x 1 x x2
3
2
(1 1 x 2 )2
1 x (1 x )(1 x x )
2
2
1
1
1
(b c )2
1 x3 1 1 x2
1
2
2a 2
eKTaj)an
(b c ) 2
2(b 2 c2 ) a 2 b 2 c2
eday 1 2 1
2
2a
2a
a2
1
a2
eKTaj)an
2
3
a b 2 c2
1 x
a2
b2
c2
dUcenH S 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
a b c
a b c
a b c
- Page 41 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI18
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsayfa
a
b
c
3
ab
bc
ca
2
yk S a a b b b c c c a
tag x ba , y bc , z ac ehIy xyz 1
eK)an S 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 x
1 y
1 z
]bmafa x y z eK)an x3 xyz 1 b x 1 ehIy yz 1x 1

(
1
1 y2
1
1 z2
)2 2(
1
1
)
2
2
1 y
1 z
eday
1
1
2 y2 z2
1 y 2z 2
1
2
2
2
2
2 2
1 y
1 z
1 y z z y
1 y 2 z 2 y 2z 2
ehIy
1 z 2y 2
(1 yz )(1 yz ) 1 yz
2
2
2 2
2 2
1 yz
1 y z y z
1 2yz y z
2
1
1
1 yz
4
eK)an
2(1
)
2
2
1 yz 1 yz
1
y
1
z
- Page 42 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj)an
1
1 y2
1
2
1 yz
1 z2
2
ehtuenH S
1 yz
1 x2
eyIgnwgRsayfa 1 2 1 2 yz 32
1 x
eKman (1 x)2 2(1 x2 ) b 1 x 2 .

enaH 1 2 1 2x 21 1 2yz
yz
1 x
naM[
ehIy
eKTaj
dUcenH
1 x2
yz
1
2
2yz
2
1 yz 1 yz
1 yz
1 x2
3(1 yz ) 2yz 2 2 1 yz
3
2yz
2
2 1 yz
1 yz
(1 yz ) 2
3 yz 2 2 1 yz
(1 yz ) 2
( 2 1 yz )2
0
(1 yz ) 2
1
2
2yz
2
3
1 yz 1 yz
1 yz
2
1 x2
a
b
c
3
.
ab
bc
ca
2
Bit
- Page 43 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI19
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman x , y , z cUrRsayfa
2(1 x 2 )(1 y 2 )(1 z 2 ) (1 x )(1 y )(1 z )(1 xyz )
ebI y z x enaHvismPaBeTACa 2(1 x2 )3 (1 x)3 (1 x3 )

smmUl 2(1 x2 )3 (1 x)3 (1 x3 ) 0
smmUl (1 x)4 (1 x x2 ) 0 Bit
ehtuenHeK)an
2(1 x 2 )3 (1 x )3 (1 x 3 )
2 3
3
3
2(1 y ) (1 y ) (1 y )
2 3
3
3
2(1 z ) (1 z ) (1 z )
KuNvismPaBenHGgnigGgeK)an
[2(1 x 2 )(1 y 2 )(1 z 2 )]3 [(1 x )(1 y )(1 z )]3 P
b 2(1 x2 )(1 y 2 )(1 z 2 ) (1 x)(1 y )(1 z ) 3 P (*)

Edl P (1 x3 )(1 y 3 )(1 z 3 )
1 ( x3 y 3 z 3 ) ( x3y 3 y 3z 3 z 3x3 ) x3y 3z 3
tamvismPaB AM GM eK)an
P 1 33 x 3y 3z 3 33 x6y 6z 6 x 3y 3z 3 (1 xyz )3
tamTMnak;TMng (*) eK)an

2(1 x 2 )(1 y 2 )(1 z 2 ) (1 x )(1 y )(1 z )(1 xyz )
Bit.
- Page 44 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI20
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman a, b, c, d cUrRsayfa
4(1 a a 2 )(1 b b 2 )(1 c c 2 )(1 d d 2 ) (1 abcd )2
ebI d c b a vismPaBkayCa 4(1 a a2 )4 (1 a4 )2

smmUl 2(1 a a2 )2 1 a4
smmUl 2(1 a a2 )2 (1 a4 ) (1 a)4 0 Bit
2(1 a a 2 )2 1 a4
ehtuenH
2(1 b b 2 )2 1 b 4
eK)an 4(1 a a2 )2 (1 b b2 )2 (1 a4 )(1 b4 )
eday (1 a4 )(1 b4 ) 1 (a4 b4 ) a4b4 1 2a2b2 a4b4

b (1 a4 )(1 b4 ) (1 a2b2 )2
eKTaj 4(1 a a2 )2 (1 b b2 )2 (1 a2b2 )2
b 2(1 a a2 )(1 b b2 ) 1 a2b2 (1)
dUcKaEdr 2(1 c c2 )(1 d d2 ) 1 c2d2 (2)
ehIy (1 a2b2 )(1 c2d2 ) (1 abcd)2
eFIVplKuNvismPaB (1) nig (2) eK)an
4(1 a a 2 )(1 b b 2 )(1 c c2 )(1 d d 2 ) (1 abcd )2
- Page 45 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI21 ( Tournament of the Towns,1993)
ebIsmIkar x4 ax3 2x2 bx 1 0 manbsy:agticmYyCacMnYnBit
enaHbgajfa a4 b4 8 .
tag x0 IR Edl x0 0 Cabsrbs;smIkarenaHeK)an
x04 ax0 3 2x0 2 bx0 1 0 b ax0 3 bx0 ( x0 2 1)2
( x0 1)4 (ax0 3 bx 0 )2 ( x06 x0 2 )(a 2 b 2 )
eKTaj
a b
2
eyIgnwgRsayfa
( x0 2 1)4
x06 x 0 2
( x0 2 1)4
x0 x0
6
eKman (x02 1)4 8(x06 x02 ) x04 4x03 6x02 4x0 1

b (x02 1)4 8(x06 x02 ) (x0 1)4 0
( x0 2 1)4
eKTaj)an 6 2 8 Bit
x0 x0
dUcenH a4 b4 8 .
- Page 46 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI22
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a
b
c
9
(b c)2 (c a )2 (a b )2 4(a b c)
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz
(a12 a 2 2 a 3 2 )(b12 b 2 2 b 3 2 ) (a1b1 a 2b 2 a 3b 3 )2
yk a1 b ac , a2 c ba , a3 a cb
nig b1 a , b2 b , b3 c eK)an
2
a
b
c
b
c
a
(a b c )
2
2
2
b
c
c
a
a
b
(
b
c
)
(
c
a
)
(
a
b
)
eday b a c c b a a c b 32 emIllMhat;TI5
eKTaj
a
b
c
9
(
a
b
c
)
2
2
2
4
(b c ) (c a ) (a b )
dUcenH
a
b
c
9
(b c)2 (c a )2 (a b )2 4(a b c)
- Page 47 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI23 ( JBMO 2002 Shortlist)
a3 b 3 c3 a2 b 2 c2
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 2 2 2 b c a
b
c
a
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz
(a12 a 2 2 a 3 2 )(b12 b 2 2 b 3 2 ) (a1b1 a 2b 2 a 3b 3 )2
yk a1 a , a2 b , a3 c
nig b1 a ba , b2 b c b , b3 c a c eK)an
a3 b 3 c3 a2 b 2 c2
(a b c) 2 2 2

c
a
c
a b
b
ebIeKyk a1 ab , a2 bc , a3 ca
nig b1 b , b2 c , b3 a eK)an
(1)
a2 b 2 c2

(a b c ) (a b c ) 2 ( 2 )
b
c
a
KuNvismPaB (1) nig (2) Gg nig Gg rYcsRmYlkta (a b c)2

a2 b 2 c2
a3 b 3 c3 a2 b 2 c2
nig b c a eK)an 2 2 2 b c a Bit
b
c
a
a3 b 3 c3 a2 b 2 c2
dUcenH 2 2 2 b c a .
b
c
a
- Page 48 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI24 ( Crux Mathematicorum)
eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
x
y
z
1
x ( x y )( x z ) y ( y z )( y x ) z ( z x )( z y )
eKman (x y )(x z ) x2 xy yz xz xy 2x
yz zx
( x y )( x z ) ( xy xz )2
( x y )( x z ) xy xz
x ( x y )( x z ) x xy xz x ( x y z )
eKTaj x x xy )(x z ) x
RsaydUcKaEdr y (y yz )(y x)
nig z
x
(1)
y z
y
( 2)
x y z
z
z
( 3)
( z x )( z y )
x y z
eFIVplbUkvismPaB (1), (2) & (3) eK)an

x
y
z
1
x (x y)(x z) y (y z)(y x) z (z x)(z y)
- Page 49 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI25
RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsaybBaak;fa
bc ca ab
b
c
a
a
b
c
b c c a a b
tamvismPaB AM GM RKb; x 0 , y 0 eKman
xy
xy
2
b (x y )2 4xy
y 1 1

b x 4 y xxy
x y
yk x ba nig y ac eK)an b4ac ba ac (1)
dUcKaEdr c4ba bc ba (2) nig a 4cb ac bc (3)
eFIVplbUkvismPaB (1), (2) & (3) eK)an
4a
4b
4c
ab bc ca
bc ca ab
c
a
b
dUcenH b a c c b a a c b 4 b a c c b a a c b
- Page 50 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI26 ( MOSP,2001)
cUrRsayfa (a b)(b c)(c a) 4(a b c 1)
man (a b c)(ab bc ca) (a b)(b c)(c a) abc (1)
(a b )(b c)(a c) 2 ab .2 bc .2 ac 8abc ( 2)

8
(a b )(b c)(c a ) (a b c)(ab bc ca)
9
edIm,Ibgajfa (a b)(b c)(c a) 4(a b c 1)
eyIgRtUvRsayfa 89 (a b c)(ab bc ca) 4(a b c 1) Bit
b 92 .(ab bc ca) a b1 c 1 Bit
ab bc ca ab bc c
1
(ab bc ca)2
3
3
9
9
abc
81(a b c)
2
2
1
(
ab
bc
ca
)
(ab bc ca)
3
1 Bit
9
abc
3(a b c)
eRBaH (ab bc ca)2 3abc(a b c) 3(a b c) .

dUcenH (a b)(b c)(c a) 4(a b c 1) .
- Page 51 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI27 ( APMO,2004)
cUrbgajfa (a2 2)(b2 2)(c2 2) 9(ab bc ca)
eKman (a b c)2 3(ab bc ca)
edIm,Ibgajfa (a2 2)(b2 2)(c2 2) 9(ab bc ca)
eyIgRtUvbgajfa (a2 2)(b2 2)(c2 2) 3(a b c)2
u2 2
u2 1
eKman 3 1 3 enaHvismPaBGacsresr
a2 1
b2 1
c 2 1 (a b c )2
(1
)(1
)(1
)
3
3
3
9
tamsmPaB (1 x)(1 y ) 1 x y xy
ebI x nig y mansBaadUcKaenaH xy 0

ehtuenH (1 x)(1 y ) 1 x y RKb;cMnYnBit x , y .
-ebI x 0 , y 0 , z 0 b x 0 , y 0 , z 0 eK)an
(1 x )(1 y )(1 z ) (1 x y )(1 z ) 1 x y z (1)
-ebI 1 x 0 , 1 y 0 , 1 z 0 enaH x y nig z

mansBaadUcKa ehIy (1 x y )(1 z ) 1 x y z
eK)an (1 x)(1 y )(1 z ) 1 x y z
eyIgsikSavismPaBtambIkrNIdUcxageRkam
- Page 52 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
a2 1
b2 1
c2 1
0,
0,
0
3
3
3
!-ebI a , b , c 1 enaH
tamlkN (1) eK)an
b2 1
c2 1
a2 b 2 c2 3
a2 1
(1
)(1
)(1
) 1
3
3
3
3
b2 1
c2 1 a2 b 2 c2
a2 1
(1
)(1
)(1
)
3
3
3
3
a 2 b 2 c 2 (a b c )2
eday
Cauchy Schwarz
3
9
a2 1
b2 1
c 2 1 (a b c )2
eK)an (1 3 )(1 3 )(1 3 ) 9
Bit
a2 1
b2 1
c2 1
@-ebI 0 a , b , c 1 enaH 3 0, 3 0 , 3 0
tamlkNH (2) eK)an
a2 1
b2 1
c2 1
a2 b 2 c2 3
(1
)(1
)(1
) 1
3
3
3
3
c 2 1 a 2 b 2 c 2 (a b c )2
b2 1
a2 1
)
)(1
)(1
(1
3
9
3
3
3
Bit
#-ebI a , b , c manBIrEdlFMCag 1 enaHeyIgsntfa a 1 , b 1 , c 1

a2 1
b2 1
a2 b2 2 1 a2 b2
eK)an (1 3 )(1 3 ) 1 3 3
a2 1
b2 1
c2 1 (1 a 2 b 2 )(c2 2)
enaH (1 3 )(1 3 )(1 3 )
9
- Page 53 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eday (1 a2 b2 )(c2 1 1) (a b c)2
b2 1
c 2 1 (a b c )2
a2 1
eK)an (1 3 )(1 3 )(1 3 ) 9
Bit .
$-cMeBaHkrNI EdlRtIFatu a , b , c manEtmYyKt;EdlFMCag 1 sikSadUc
krNITI! .
srubcMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eK)an
(a 2 2)(b 2 2)(c 2 2) 9(ab bc ca ) .
- Page 54 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI28 ( Japan,1997)
eKyk a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
(b c a )2
(c a b )2
(a b c )2 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b ) c
(b c a )2
(c a b ) 2
(a b c ) 2
tag T
2
2
2
2
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b )2 c 2
bc
ca
ab
yk x a , y b , z c
eK)an 1 1 x 1 1 y 1 1 z aa bb cc 1 ehIykenSam T eTACa
( x 1)2 ( y 1)2 ( z 1)2
2
2
.
T 2
x 1
y 1
z 1
ebI x y z 2 eK)an T 53 CakrNIEdlvismPaBkayCasmPaB .
( x 1)2
eyIgsntfamanBIrcMnYnBit a nig b EdlnaM[ 2 x a 1 b Bit
x 1
RKb; x 0 ehIyeday x 1 1 y 1 1 z 1 1 1 enaHedIm,I[ T 53
luHRtaEt ( x a 1 b) ( y a 1 b) ( z a 1 b) 53
naM[ a 3b 53 (*)
ma:geTotedaysmPaBekIteLIgcMeBaH x 2 enaH x 2 CabsDb

- Page 55 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
( x 1)2
rbs;smIkar 2 x a 1 b
x 1
b (x 1)(x 1)2 (x2 1)(a b bx) 0
tag f (x) (x 1)(x 1)2 (x2 1)(a b bx)

x 2 CabsDbn f ( x ) 0 enaH f ' ( 2) 0
eday f ' (x) (x 1)2 2(x2 1) 2x(a b bx) b(x2 1)
enaH f ' (2) 1 6 4(a 3b) 5b 7 4 53 5b 0
3
54
eKTaj)an b 23
ehI
y
tam
(*) eK)an a 3b
25
5
25
eK)an
( x 1)2 23
54
x 2 1 25 25( x 1)
smmUl
2( x 2)2 ( x 7 )
0 Bit
2
25( x 1)( x 1)
( x 1)2 23
ehtuenH 2 25 25(54
(1)
x
1
)
x 1
( y 1)2 23
54
( z 1)2 23
54
(
2
)
ni
g
( 3)
2
2
y 1 25 25( y 1)
z 1 25 25( z 1)
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) & (3) eK)an

T
23
54 1
1
1
69 54 15 3
)
3 (
25
25 x 1 y 1 z 1
25
25 5
dUcenH
(b c a )2
(c a b )2
(a b c )2 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b ) c
Bit
- Page 56 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI29
eK[ x , y , z , t CabYncMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsayfa
2
x y z t

1 .

x y y z z t t x
tag a yx , b yz , c zt nig d xt Edl abcd 1
vismPaBsmmUl 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 c)
(1 d )

1
1
1
ab(a b )2 (1 ab )2
0
2
2 1 ab
2
2
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 a ) (1 b ) (1 ab )
eKTaj 1 2 1 2 1 1ab (1)
(1 a )
(1 b )
RsaydUcKaEdr 1 2 1 2 1 1cd 1 abab (2)
(1 c)
(1 d )

1
1
1
1
1
ab
1
2
2
2
2
1 ab 1 ab
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 c)
(1 d )
2
dUcenH x x y y y z z z t t t x 1
- Page 57 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI30
eK[ a , b , c nig x , y , z CacMnYnBit . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
4(a 2 x 2 )(b 2 y 2 )(c 2 z 2 ) 3(bcx cay abz )2

[x(bc ) a(cy bz )]2 ( x 2 a 2 )[b 2c 2 (cy bz )2 ]
b (a2 x2 )[b2c2 (cy bz )2 ] (bcx acy abz )2

edIm,IRsayfa 4(a2 x2 )(b2 y 2 )(c2 z 2 ) 3(bcx cay abz)2
eyIgRKan;EtRsayfa 4(b2 x2 )(c2 z 2 ) 3[b2c2 (cy bz )2 ]
b 4(b2 x2 )(c2 z 2 ) 3[b2c2 (cy bz )2 ] 0
b b2c2 b2z 2 c2y 2 4y 2z 2 2bcyz 4bcyz 0
b (cy bz )2 (bc 2yz )2 0 Bit
dUcenH 4(a2 x2 )(b2 y 2 )(c2 z 2 ) 3(bcx cay abz )2
- Page 58 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI31
eK[bIcMnYnBit a 1 , b 1 , c 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1 a2
1 b2
1 c2
2 .
2
2
2
1 c a
1 a b
1 a2
1 b2
1 c2
yk T
2
2
1 b c 1 c a
1 a b2
eKman 1 b 0 nig c2 0 enaH 1 b c2 1 b 0
1 b c
1 b2
ehIy (1 b) 0 b b 2
2
1 b 2 2(1 c 2 )
2 1 b
2
naM[ 1 b c 2 1 c
2
1 a2
2(1 a 2 )
eKTaj)an
(1)
2
2
2
1 b c
1 b 2(1 c )
2
RsaydUcKa
1 b2
2(1 b 2 )
( 2)
2
2
2
1 c a
1 c 2(1 a )
nig
1 c2
2(1 c2 )
( 3)
2
2
2
1 a b
1 a 2(1 b )
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) nig (3) Gg nig GgeK)an

T
2x
2y
2z
y 2z z 2x x 2y
Edl x 1 a2 , y 1 b2 , z 1 c2 .
- Page 59 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
2x 2
2y 2
2z 2
2( x y z )2
T
xy 2xz yz 2xy xz 2yz 3( xy yz zx )
eday (x y z )2 3(xy yz zx) enaH T 2

1 a2
1 b2
1 c2
dUcenH
2 .
2
2
2
1 b c
1 c a
1 a b
- Page 60 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI32
eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl abc 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1
3
.
3
3
3
8
(1 a )
tag
(1 b )
(1 c)
1
1
1
T
(1 a )3 (1 b )3 (1 c)3
tamvismPaB Holder
(a13 a23 a33)(b13 b23 b33)(c13 c23 c33) (a1b1c1 a2b2c2 a3b3c3)3
yk a1 b1 1 1 a , a2 b2 1 1 b , a3 b3 1 1 c
ehIy c1 c2 c3 1 eK)an
1
1
1
3 T2
2
(1 b )2 (1 c)2
(1 a )
1
1
1
b
2
2
2
(
1
a
)
(
1
b
)
(
1
c
)
edIm,IRsayfa T 83 eyIgRtUvRsayfa
3
2
1 1
1
1
9
3
3 (1 a )2 (1 b )2 (1 c)2
64
8
b 1 2 1 2 1 2 43
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 c)
1
T2
3
- Page 61 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKman
1
1
1
ab(a b )2 (1 ab )2
0
2
2 1 ab
2
2
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 a ) (1 b ) (1 ab )
eKTaj)an 1 2 1 2 1 1ab
(1 a )
(1 b )
ehIy 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1ab 1 2
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 c)
(1 c)
eyIgnwgRsayfa 1 1ab 1 2 43 eday abc 1
(1 c)
1
1
3
c
1
3 (c 1)2
eK)an 1 ab

0
2
2
4 1 c (1 c)
4 4(1 c)
(1 c)
eKTaj 1 1ab 1 2 43 Bit
(1 c)
dUcenH 1 3 1 3 1 3 83 .
(1 a )
(1 b )
(1 c)
- Page 62 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI33 USAMO 2011
eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a2 b2 c2 (a b c)2 4 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa ab 12 bc 12 ca 12 3 .
(a b )
(b c )
(c a )
eKman a2 b2 c2 (a b c)2 4
2(a 2 b 2 c 2 ab bc ca) 4
a 2 b 2 c 2 ab bc ca 2
eK)an 2ab a2 b2 (c2 bc) (ab ca) 2 2ab

(a b )2 (b c)(c a ) 2(ab 1)
eKTaj ab 12 12 (b c)(c 2a) (1)
(a b )
2(a b )
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an bc 12 12 (a b)(a 2 c) (2)
(b c )
2(b c)
nig ca 12 12 (a b)(b 2 c) (3)
(c a )
2(c a )
bUk (1), (2) & (3) eK)an ab 12 bc 12 ca 12 32 T
(a b )
(b c )
(c a )
Edl T (b c)(c 2a) (a b)(a 2 c) (a b)(b 2 c) 32
2(a b )
2(b c)
2(c a )
dUcenH ab 12 bc 12 ca 12 3 .
(a b )
(b c )
(c a )
- Page 63 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b nig c .
cUrRsayfa (a5 a2 3)(b5 b2 3)(c5 c2 3) (a b c)3
cMeBaHRKb; x 0 eyIgnwgRsayfa x5 x2 3 x3 2 (*)
eK)an x5 x3 x2 1 (x2 1)(x3 1) 0 Bit
tag P (a5 a2 3)(b5 b2 3)(c5 c2 3)
tamvismPaB (*) eK)an P (a3 2)(b3 2)(c3 2)
edIm,IRsayfa P (a b c)3 eyIgRKan;EtRsay[eXIjfa
(a 3 2)(b 3 2)(c 3 2) (a b c)3
t3 2
t3 1
eday 3 1 3 enaHvismPaBGacsresrCa
a3 1
b3 1
c 3 1 (a b c )3
(1
)(1
)(1
)
3
3
3
27
eKmansmPaB (1 u)(1 v ) 1 u v uv
ebI u nig v CaBIrcMnYnBitmansBadUcKaenaHplKuN uv 0

ehtuenH (1 u)(1 v ) 1 u v
cMeBaH w 1 eK)an (1 u)(1 v)(1 w ) (1 u v)(1 w )
-ebI u , v , w 0 enaH (1 u v)(1 w ) 1 u v w
eKTaj (1 u)(1 v )(1 w ) 1 u v w (**)
- Page 64 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
-ebI u , v , w 0 enaH (1 u v )(1 w ) 1 u v w
eKTaj (1 u)(1 v )(1 w ) 1 u v w (* * *)
a3 1
b3 1
c 3 1 (a b c )3
edIm,IRsayfa (1 3 )(1 3 )(1 3 ) 27 Bit
eyIgRtUvsikSakrNIdUcxageRkam
-krNITI1 ebI a , b , c 1 b a , b , c 1 enaHtam (**) nig (* * *)
eKGacsresr
a3 1
b3 1
c3 1
a3 b 3 c3 3
(1
)(1
)(1
) 1
3
3
3
3
a3 1
b3 1
c3 1 a3 b 3 c3
(1
)(1
)(1
)
3
3
3
3
tamvismPaB Hoder eKman 9(a3 b3 c3 ) (a b c)3
a3 1
b3 1
c 3 1 (a b c ) 3
(1
)(1
)(1
)
3
3
3
27
a,b ,c
1
1
eKTaj)an
Bit
manmYytUcCag nig BIrcMnYneTotFMCag
-krNITI2 ebIbIcMnYn
sntfa c 1 nig a , b 1 enaHeK)an
a3 1
b3 1
a3 b 3 2 a3 b3 1
(1
)(1
) 1
3
3
3
3
c3 1 c3 2 1 1 c3
ehIy 1 3 3 3 enaHtamvismPaB Hoder
a 3 b 3 1 1 1 c 3 1 1 1 (a b c )3
.
.
3
3
3
27
- Page 65 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
a3 1
b3 1
c 3 1 (a b c ) 3
(1
)(1
)(1
)
3
3
3
27
(a5 a 2 3)(b 5 b 2 3)(c5 c 2 3) (a b c)3
ehtuenH
srubmk
Bit
- Page 66 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
cUrRsayfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eKmanvismPaB
1
1
1
1

eKman (a b)(a2 b2 ) 0 RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a nig b
eK)an a3 b3 a2b ab2

a 3 b 3 abc a 2b ab 2 abc
a 3 b 3 abc ab(a b c)
1
1
c
eKTaj 3 13
.
(1)
a b abc ab(a b c) abc a b c

1
a
.
( 2)
RsaydUcKaEdr 3 13
b c abc abc a b c
1
b
.
nig 3 31
( 3)
c a abc abc a b c
bUkvismPaB (1), (2) & (3) GgnigGgeK)an
1
1
1
1
- Page 67 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
mm 1 nn 1
eKyk a m n Edl m nig n CacMnYnKt;viCman .
m n
cUrRsayfa am an mm nn .
a
a
m m 1 nn 1
eyIgeRCIserIs x m 1 nig y n 1 eday a m n
m n
n
m
1
1
n
m
m
n
enaH x n . m n nig y m . m n
m n
m n
tamvismPaB Bernoullie eKman (1 x)m 1 mx
eK)an (1 ma 1)m 1 nn . nm m n
m n
naM[ am mm mmnn . nm m n (1)
m n
ehIy (1 y )n 1 ny
eK)an (1 na 1)n 1 mm . mm n n
m n
naM[ an nn mmnn . mm n n (2)
m n
bUkvismPaB (1) & (2) eK)an am an mm nn Bit
dUcenH
am an m m n n
- Page 68 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI37
eK[ x ; y ; z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
x9 y 9
x x y y
6
3 3
y9 z9
y y z z
6
3 3
z 9 x9
z z x x
6
3 3
RsaybBaak;fa
x9 y 9
y9 z9
z 9 x9
6
6
2
6
3 3
6
3 3
6
3 3
6
x x y y
y y z z
z z x x
eyIgman
x 9 y 9 ( x 3 y 3 )( x 6 x 3 y 3 y 6 )
x 9 y 9 ( x 3 y 3 )( x 6 x 3 y 3 y 6 ) 2 x 3 y 3 ( x 3 y 3 )
2 x3 y3 ( x3 y3 )
x9 y9
3
3
x y 6
x6 x3 y3 y6
x x3 y3 y6
eKTaj
tamvismPaB AM GM
eKman x x y y 3 x y
eK)an 2xx y x( xy yy ) 23 ( x
6
eKTaj
b
y3 )
2 3
x9 y9
3
3
( x y3 )
6
3 3
6
3
x x y y
1 3
x9 y9
( x y 3 ) (1)
6
3 3
6
3
x x y y
1 3
y9 z9
( y z 3 ) ( 2)
6
3 3
6
3
y y z z
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
- Page 69 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
z9 x9
1 3
( z x 3 ) ( 3)
6
3 3
6
z z x x
3
eFIVplbUk (1) ; (2) nig (3) Gg nig Gg eK)an

x9 y9
y9 z9
z9 x9
2 3
( x y3 z3 )
6
3 3
6
6
3 3
6
6
3 3
6
x x y y
y y z z
z z x x
3
tamvismPaB AM GM
eK)an x y z 3 xyz 3 eRBaH xyz 1
dUcenH x xx y y y y y y zz z z zz x x x
3
3 3
- Page 70 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI38
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnviCmanEdl ab bc ca 3 .
1
cUrbgajfa 1 a 1(b c) 1 b 1(c a) 1 c 1(a b) abc
2
ab bc ca
1
(abc ) b abc 1 .
3
eKman
3
1
1
1
1
1 a 2 (b c) 1 a(ab ac) 1 a( 3 bc ) 3a (1 abc)

1
1
abc 1 1 abc 0
(1)
2
1 a (b c) 3a
1
1
1
1
(
2
)
,
( 3)
2
2
1 b (c a ) 3b
1 c (a b ) 3c
eday
b
enaH
dUcKaEdr
bUkvismPaB (1) ; (2) nig (3) eK)an
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 a 2 (b c) 1 b 2 (c a ) 1 c 2 (a b ) 3a 3b 3c
ab bc ca
3abc
eday ab bc ca 3
1
dUcenH 1 a 1(b c) 1 b 1(c a) 1 c 1(a b) abc
.
2
- Page 71 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI39 (Austrian Olympiad 1989)
eK[ a nig b CaBIrcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl a b 4 .

cUrRsayfa a abb 2 2 1 .
eyIgman (a b) a b 2ab 4 2ab
eKTaj 2ab (a b) 4 (a b 2)(a b 2)
naM[ a abb 2 a b2 2
2
ab
ab
1
ab2
2
(1)
eKman (a b) (a b) 2(a b )
eKTaj (a b) 2(a b ) (a b) 2(a b ) 8
naM[ a b 2 2 b a 2 b 2 (2)
tam (1) nig (2) eKTaj)an a abb 2 2 1 .
2
- Page 72 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI40 (Selection test for JBMO 2007)
cUrRsayfa x y3 z xyz 43 | (x y )(y z )(z x) |
cMeBaHRKb; x ; y ; z 0 .
3
x3 y 3 z 3
3
xyz | ( x y )( y z )( z x ) |
3
4
tag p | (x y )(y z )(z x) |

eKmanklkNHPaB
x 3 y 3 z 3 3xyz ( x y z )( x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz zx ) (i )
cMeBaHRKb; x ; y ; z 0 eKman
x y |xy| , y z |yz| , z x |zx|
eK)an 2(x y z ) | x y | | y z | | z x |
tamvismPaB AM GM eK)an 2(x y z ) 3
ma:geToteKmansmPaB
p (1)
( x y )2 ( y z )2 ( z x )2
2
33 2
p ( 2)
2
- Page 73 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eFIVviFIKuNvismPaB (1) nig (2) eKTTYl)an

9
2( x y z )( x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz zx ) p
2
9
( x y z )( x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz zx ) p (ii )
4
9
(i )
(ii )
x 3 y 3 z 3 3xyz p
4
x3 y 3 z 3
3
xyz p
p | ( x y )( y z )( z x ) |
3
4
x3 y 3 z 3
3
xyz | ( x y )( y z )( z x ) |
3
4
tam nig
eKTaj
dUcenH
eK)an
eday
- Page 74 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI41 RMC 2000
eK[ a , b , c CaRbEvgRCugnRtIekaNmYy .
cUrRsayfa b aa c a bb c a bc c 3 .
tag
yk
b a c x
yz
zx
xy
a
;
b
;
c
2
2
2
a b c z
a
b
c
T
bac abc abc

yz zx xy
2x
2y
2z
enaH
1 y z z x x y

2 x x y y z z
eRBaH
dUcenH
1 y x
y z
z x 1
( ) ( ) ( ) ( 2 2 2) 3
2 x y
z y
x z 2
y x
y z
z x
2; 2; 2
x y
z y
x z
a
b
c
3
bac abc abc
- Page 75 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI42 RMC 2004
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitEdlepgpat; a b
cUrbgajfa | a | | b | | c | abc 4 .
tamvismPaB Cauchy-Schwarz eK)an
2
| a | | b | | c | 2
c2 3
3(a 2 b 2 c 2 ) 9
eKTaj | a | | b | | c | 3 (1)
a 2 b 2 c 2 3 3 (abc )2
3
a2 b 2 c2
2
1
(abc )
3
eKTaj
naM[ 1 abc 1
eKTaj)an abc 1 (2)
eFIVplbUkvismPaB (1) nig (2) eK)an | a | | b | | c | abc 4 .
- Page 76 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI43 JBMO 2003
cUrbgajfa 1 a b3 c ab bc6 ca .
eyIgtag a 1x ; b y1 ; c 1z enaHvismPaBGacsresr
1
3
6
xy yz zx x y z
1
eRBaH xyz abc
1
eyIgman (x y ) (y z ) (z x) 0
eKTaj x y z xy yz zx
EfmGgTaMgBIrnwg 2xy 2yz 2zx eK)an
2
( x y z )2 3( xy yz zx )
3
9
6
1
1
xy yz zx
( x y z )2 x y z
naM[
eRBaH
dUcenH
6
9
3
1
0
2
x y z (x y z )
xyz
3
6
1
a b c ab bc ca
- Page 77 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI44
eK[ a 1 nig b 1 .
cUrbgajfa log a log b 2 log ( a b ) .
2
cMeBaH a 1 nig b 1
eyIgman a b 2 a.b
naM[ log 2 ( a b ) 1 ( log 2 a log 2 b )
2
log 2 a log 2 b 2 log 2 (
ma:geToteKman
ab
)
2
(1)
log 2 a log 2 b 2 log 2 a . log 2 b

2(log 2 a log 2 b ) log 2 a 2 log 2 a . log 2 b log 2 b
2(log 2 a log 2 b ) ( log 2 a log 2 b ) 2

1
log 2 a log 2 b ( log 2 a log 2 b ) 2 ( 2)
2
tamTMnak;TMng (1) nig (2) eyIgTaj
- Page 78 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
1
ab
( log 2 a log 2 b ) 2 2 log 2 (
)
2
2
ab
)
( log 2 a log 2 b ) 2 4 log 2 (
2
ab
log 2 a log 2 b 2 log 2 (
)
2
dUcenH
log 2 a log 2 b 2
log 2 (
ab
)
2
- Page 79 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI45
eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdlepgpat; xyz 1 .
cUrbgajvismPaB
( x y 1) 2 ( y z 1) 2 ( z x 1) 2
xyz
z
x
y
rebobTI1 tamvismPaB AM GM eK)an

( x y 1) 2
z 2 | x y 1 | 2( x y 1) (1)
z
( y z 1) 2
x 2 | y z 1 | 2( y z 1) ( 2)
x
( z x 1) 2
y 2 | z x 1 | 2( z x 1) ( 3)
y
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) , (3) GgnwgGgeK)an

( x y 1) 2 ( y z 1) 2 ( z x 1) 2
3( x y z ) 6
z
x
y
eday x y z 3 3 xyz 3 eRBaH xyz 1

eK)an 2(x y z ) 6
b 2(x y z ) 6 0
b 3(x y z ) 6 x y z
( x y 1) 2 ( y z 1) 2 ( z x 1) 2
xyz
dUcenH
z
x
y
- Page 80 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
rebobTI2
( x y 1) 2 ( y z 1) 2 ( z x 1) 2
T
(x y z )
z
x
y
x 2 y 2 z 2 (x y z )2
edayeRbIvismPaB a b c a b c eK)an
2
| x y 1 | | y z 1 | | z x 1 |
T
(x y z)
xyz
( x y 1 y z 1 z x 1) 2 ( x y z ) 2
T
xyz
( 2x 2y 2z 3) 2 ( x y z ) 2
T
xyz
3( x y z 3)( x y z 1)
T
xyz
x y z 3 3 xyz 3 eRBaH xyz 1
eKTaj)an x y z 3 0 nig x y z 1 2
ehtuenH T 3(x y zx3y)(x z y z 1) 0 Bit
dUcenH
( x y 1) 2 ( y z 1) 2 ( z x 1) 2
xyz
z
x
y
- Page 81 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI46 BMO 2010
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman .
a 2b(b c) b 2c(c a ) c 2a(a b )
cUrbgajfa a b b c c a 0 .
bgajfa
a 2b(b c) b 2c(c a) c 2a(a b )
0
ab
bc
ca
eKman
a 2b(b c) a 2b 2 a 2bc (a 2b 2 ab 2c) (a 2bc ab 2c)
ab
ab
ab
ac
ab 2 (a c) abc(a b )
abc
ab 2 .
ab
ab
a 2 b( b c )
eK)an a b ab 2 . aa bc abc (1)
b 2c(c a )
RsaybMPWdUcKaEdreK)an b c bc 2 bb ac abc (2)
c 2a(a b )
nig c a ca2 cc ba (3)
bUksmPaB (1) , (2) nig (3) GgnigGgeK)an
cb
ba
cb
T ab 2
bc 2
ca 2
3abc
ab
bc
ca
a 2b(b c) b 2c(c a ) c 2a(a b )
Edl T a b b c c a
- Page 82 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
cb
ba
cb
bc 2
ca 2
3abc
ab
bc
ca
b ab 2 ac bb bc 2 bb ac ca2 cc ba 3abc 0
a 2b(b c) b 2c(c a ) c 2a(a b )
dUcenH a b b c c a 0
ab 2
- Page 83 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI47
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
a5 b 5 c5 (a b c)5 10
(a b c ) 2
3
3
3
3
9
a b c (a b c )
eKmansmPaB
a3 b3 c3 (a b c)3 3(a b)(b c)(c a)
a5 b5 c5 (a b c)5 5(a b)(b c)(c a)(a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca)
eK)an
a 5 b 5 c 5 ( a b c )5 5 2
2
2
(
a
c
ab bc ca)
3
3
3
3
3
a b c (a b c )
eyIgnwgRsayfa 53 (a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca) 109 (a b c)2
b 3(a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca) 2(a b c)2
b
a b c ab bc ca
2
a2 b 2 b 2 c2 c2 a2
ab bc ca
a2 b 2 c2
2
2
2
a5 b 5 c5 (a b c)5 10
2
(
a
c
)
a 3 b 3 c 3 (a b c ) 3 9
dUcenH
Bit
- Page 84 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI48
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit x (0 , 4 )
cUrbgajfa (cos x) (sin x) .
tamvismPaB Bernoulli cMeBaHRKb;cMnYn x nig a Edl x 1 nig a 1
eyIgman (1 x) 1 ax .
ehtuenHcMeBaH 0 x 4 eK)an
cos x
sin x
(cos x )
cos x
sin x
(1 sin x )
eday (1 sin x)
eK)an (cos x)
eKTaj (cos x)
2
cos x
sin x
cos x
sin x
cos x
sin x
.(1 sin x )
1 cos x
cos x
sin x
nig (1 sin x)
cos x
sin x
1 cos x
(1 cos x )(1 cos x ) sin 2 x
cos x
sin x
sin x
cos x
sin x
ln(cos x ) ln(sin x )
cos x
ln(cos x ) ln(sin x )
sin x
cos x ln(cos x ) sin x ln(sin x )
ln(cos x )cos x ln(sin x )sin x
dUcenH (cos x)
cos x
(sin x )sin x
- Page 85 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI49
eK[ a , b , c , d CabIcMnYnBitEdlepgpat;vismPaB
(a 2 b 2 1)(c 2 d 2 1) (ac bd 1)2
cUrbgajfa a b 1 nig c d 1 .
tag x 1 a b nig y 1 c d
eyIg]bmafa x 0 nig y 0
vismPaB (a b 1)(c d 1) (ac bd 1)
smmUl xy (ac bd 1)
b 4xy (2ac 2bd 2)
eday x y 2 a b c d
enaH 2ac 2bd 2 a b c d 2ac 2bd x y
2
[(a c)2 (b d )2 x y ]
eKTaj 4xy [(a c) (b d) (x y )] (x y )

b 4xy x 2xy y
b (x y ) 0 minBit . naM[kar]bmaxagelIpyBIkarBit .
dUcenHeKTaj x 0 nig y 0 naM[ a b 1 nig c d 1 .
2
- Page 86 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI50
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl ab bc ca 1 .
a
b
c
cUrkMnt;tmGb,brmankenSam E a b b c c a .
kMnt;tmGb,brmankenSam E
eKman a a b a aab b ab a aab
b
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman a b 2 ab
ab
eK)an a 1 b 2 1ab b aab
b
2
2
a2
ab
eKTaj a b a aab
a
(1)
b
2
2
b
bc
c2
ca
dUcKaEdr b c b 2 (2) ; c a c 2 (3)
bUkvismPaB (1) ; (2) & (3) eKTTYl)an
ab bc ca
1
abc
2
2
Eabc
a b c ab bc ca 1
eKTaj E 1 12 12 . dUcenHtmGb,brman E
KW E
min
1
2
- Page 87 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI51
eK[ x1 , x2 , ..., xn Edl n 2 CacMnYnBitviCmanEdlepgpat;
1
1
1
1
....
xn 1998 1998
x1 1998 x 2 1998
cUrbgajfa x1n.x2 1...xn 1998 .

eKman 1 1 .... 1 1
x 1998 x 1998
x 1998 1998
b 1998 1998 .... 1998 1
x 1998 x 1998
x 1998
tag y 1998 eK)an y1 y 2 .... yn 1
n
xi 1
eKTaj 1 y i ji (y i ) Edl 1 i n nig 1 j n
tam AM GM eKman (y ) (n 1)
j i
n 1
(y i )
j i
eK)an 1 y i (n 1) n1 ji (y i )
eKTaj (1 y ) (n 1)
n
i 1
Et 1 y
yi
dUcenH
(y i )
i 1
x1x 2 ...xn
xi
1998n
1998
x1 .x 2 ...xn
1998
n1
enaH
b (1 y y ) (n 1)
n
i 1
(n 1)n
- Page 88 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI52
eK[ x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz x y z .
cUrRsayfa 1xzy 1yxz 1zyx 227
.
xyz
2
xy yz zx
27
1 z 2 1 x 2 1 y 2 2xyz
tag T 1xzy2 1yxz2 1zyx2
( x y )2
( y z )2
( z x )2
b T x y z 2 (x y ) y z x2 (y z ) z x y 2 (z x)
bgajfa

an
(a1 a 2 a 3 ... an )2
a1 a 2 a 3
....
bn
b1 b 2 b 3 ... bn
b1 b 2 b 3
2
eK)an
T
( x y ) ( y z ) ( z x)2
2( x y z ) z 2 ( x y ) x 2 ( y z ) y 2 ( z x )
4( x y z )2
T
2xyz z 2 x z 2 y x 2 y x 2 z y 2 z y 2 x
4( x y z )2
T
( x y )( y z )( z x )
- Page 89 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
( x y ) ( y z ) ( z x ) 3 3 ( x y )( y z )( z x )
2( x y z ) 3 3 ( x y )( y z )( z x )
8 ( x y z )3 27( x y )( y z )( z x )
4( x y z )2
eKTaj (x y )(y z )(z x) 2(x 27y z ) 227
xyz
naM[ T 227
xyz
.
dUcenH 1xzy2 1yxz2 1zyx2 227
xyz
- Page 90 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI53
cUrbgajfaebI abc 8 nig a , b , c 0 enaHeK)an
a2
(1 a 3 )(1 b 3 )
tag T
b2
(1 b 3 )(1 c3 )
a2
(1 a )(1 b )
3
b2
(1 b )(1 c )
3
c2
(1 c 3 )(1 a 3 )
4
3
c2
(1 c3 )(1 a 3 )
2
1 a 1 a a 2 a

1 a 3 (1 a )(1 a a 2 )
2
2
a2 2
3
eKTaj 1 a 2 .
a2
4a 2
2
ehtuenH
(1)
2
3
3
(1 a )(1 b ) (a 2)(b 2)
2
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
b2
4b 2
( 2)
2
2
3
3
(
b
2
)(
c
2
)
(1 b )(1 c )
c2
4c2
( 3)
2
2
3
3
(1 c )(1 a ) (c 2)(a 2)
- Page 91 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) , (3) GgnwgGgeK)an
4a 2
4b 2
4c 2
T 2
2
2
2
2
(a 2)(b 2) (b 2)(c 2) (c 2)(a 2 2)
4[a 2 (c 2 2) b 2 (a 2 2) c 2 (b 2 2)]
(a 2 2)(b 2 2)(c 2 2)
4(a 2b 2 b 2c 2 c 2a 2 2a 2 2b 2 2c 2 )
2 2 2
a b c 2(a 2b 2 b 2c 2 c 2a 2 2a 2 2b 2 2c2 ) 8
eday abc 8 enaHeK)an

2(a 2b 2 b 2c2 c2a 2 2a 2 2b 2 2c 2 )
2t
T 2 2
(a b b 2c 2 c 2a 2 2a 2 2b 2 2c 2 ) 36 t 36
Edl t a b b c c a 2a
2 2
2 2
2 2
2b 2 2c 2
t 3 3 a 4b 4c4 63 a 2b 2c2 72 eRBaH abc 8 )

eK)an 1 36t 1 12 32 b t t36 32 naM[ t t36 23
ehtuenH T t 2t36 43 Bit .
dUcenH
a2
(1 a )(1 b )
3
b2
(1 b )(1 c )
3
c2
(1 c )(1 a )
3
4
3
- Page 92 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI54
eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanRCug BC a , AC b , AB c ehIy
manmMukgCamMuRsYc .
ab bc ca
cUrRsayfa cos
4(a b c) .
C cos A cos B
ab bc ca
bgajfa cos
4(a b c)
C cos A cos B
ab bc ca
tag cos
C cos A cos B
(a b ) 2
(b c ) 2
(c a ) 2
(a b ) cos C (b c) cos A (c a ) cos B
x1 x 2
xn
( x1 x 2 ... xn )2
tamvismPaB y y .... y y y ... y
1
2
n
1
2
n
[(a b ) (b c) (c a )]2
eK)an (a b) cos C (b c) cos A (c a) cos B
2
4(a b c)2
(b cosC c cosB) (c cosA a cosC) (a cosB b cosA)
dUcenH
4(a b c)2
4(a b c)
abc
ab bc ca
4(a b c)
cos C cos A cos B
- Page 93 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI55
eK[ x , y , z 0 Edl x y z 1 .
cUrRsayfa (1 x x) (1 y y ) (1 z z )
3
1
4
x3
y3
z3
Rsayfa (1 x)2 (1 y )2 (1 z )2 14
x3
( x 2x 2 x 3 ) ( 2x 2 x )
eKBinit (1 x)2
(1 x )2
2x 2 x
x
(1 x )2
(9x 2 6x 1) (1 2x x 2 )
x
4(1 x )2
1 ( 3x 1)2
( 3x 1)2 (1 x )2
x
x
4 4(1 x )2
4(1 x )2
( 3x 1)2
x3
eday 4(1 x)2 0 enaH (1 x)2 x 14 (1)
y3
1
z3
dUcKaEdr (1 y )2 y 4 (2) nig (1 z )2 z 14 (3)
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) , (3) Gg nig GgeK)an

3 1
x3
y3
z3
x
y
z
2
2
2
4 4
(1 x )
(1 y )
(1 z )
Bit .
- Page 94 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI56
eK[ a , b , c , d CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abcd 1 .
ebIeKdwgfa a b c d ba bc dc da enaHcUrbgajfa
b c d a
.
a b c d
bgajfa a b c d ba bc dc da
a b c d a2 b 2 c2 d 2
eKman a b c d b c d a ab bc cd ad
(a b c d ) 2
abcd
ab bc cd da
naM[ ab bc cd da a b c (1)
abcd
b c d a (bc )2 (cd)2 (ad )2 (ab )2

ma:geTot a b c d abc2 bcd2 a2cd ab2d
(bc )2 (cd )2 (ad )2 (ab )2
c
d
a
b
d
a
b
c
(bc cd da ab )2
(*)
c d a b

d a b c
tam (1) eK)an (bc cd da ab)2 (a b c d)2 (2)
tamsmtikm a b c d ba bc dc da
- Page 95 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj
1
( 3)
abcd
a b c d

b c d a
KuNvismPaB (2) nig (3) GgnigGgeK)an
(bc cd da ab )2
a b c d (**)
a b c d

b c d a
tam (*) nig (**) eK)an ba bc dc da a b c d
dUcenH a b c d ba bc dc da .
- Page 96 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI57 Czech and Slovak Republics 2005
eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnviCmanEdlepgpat; abc 1 .
cUrbgajfa (a 1)(a b 1) (b 1b)(c 1) (c 1)(c a 1) 43 .
tag T (a 1)(a b 1) (b 1b)(c 1) (c 1)(c a 1)
a(c 1) b(a 1) c(b 1)
(a 1)(b 1)(c 1)
a b c ab bc ca
1 a b c ab bc ca abc
a b c ab bc ca
2 a b c ab bc ca
2
1
2 a b c ab bc ca
1 1 a b c ab bc ca 8 8 a 3 b 3c 3 8
1
1
2 3
T 1
2 a b c ab bc ca 8
8 4
a
b
c
3
(a 1)(b 1) (b 1)(c 1) (c 1)(a 1) 4
eKTaj
dUcenH
naM[
- Page 97 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI58 APMO 1998
eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnviCman.
bc
cUrbgajfa (1 ba )(1 bc )(1 ac ) 2(1 a 3abc
).
vismPaBenHsmmUl
abc
a c b abc
a b c
2(1 3
)
1 ( ) ( )
c b a abc
b c a
abc
a b c a c b 2(a b c)
3
b c a c b a
abc
tag a x
, b y3 , c z3
eK)an
x 3 y 3 z 3 x 3 z 3 y 3 2( x 3 y 3 z 3 )
3 3 3 3 3
3
xyz
y
z
x
z
y
x
x2
x3 x3
1 3
(1)
yz
y3 z3
y3 y3
y2
3 1 3
( 2)
3
zx
z
x
z2
z3 z3
3 1 3
( 3)
3
xy
x
y
x3 y 3 z 3 x3 z 3 y 3
x3 y 3 z 3 x3 z 3 y 3
3 3 3 3 3 66 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3 6
3
y z x z y x
y
z
x
z
y
x
1 x3 y 3 z 3 x3 z 3 y 3

) 3 ( 4)
(
2 y 3 z 3 x3 z 3 y 3 x3
- Page 98 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) , (3) nig (4) eK)an
3( x 3 y 3 z 3 )
x2 y 2 z 2
3 x3 y 3 z 3 x3 z 3 y 3

) 3(
)
(
xyz
yz zx xy
2 y 3 z 3 x3 z 3 y 3 x3
eKTaj
dUcenH
x 3 y 3 z 3 x 3 z 3 y 3 2( x 3 y 3 z 3 )
3 3 3 3 3
3
xyz
y
z
x
z
y
x
abc
c
b
a
)
(1 )(1 )(1 ) 2(1 3
a
c
b
abc
Bit
- Page 99 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI59 Romania 2002
eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnBitncenaH (0 ,1 ) .
cUrbgajfa abc (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 1 .
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit x , y , z ncenaH (0 , 2 )
eKyk a cos2 x , b cos2 y , c cos2 z
vismPaBsmmUl cos x cos y cos z sin x sin y sin z 1
eday z (0 , 2 ) eKman cos z 1 nig sin z 1
eKTaj cos x cos y cos z cos x cos y nig sin x sin y sin z sin x sin y
eRBaH cos x cos y 0 ; sin x sin y 0
naM[ cos x cos y cos z sin x sin y sin z cos x cos y sin x sin y
cos x cos y cos z sin x sin y sin z cos( x y )
eday cos(x y ) 1 enaH cos x cos y cos z sin x sin y sin z 1 Bit
dUcenH abc (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 1 .
- Page 100 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI60 Poland 2006
eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl ab bc ca abc
a4 b4
b 4 c4
c4 a4
cUrbgajfa ab(a3 b3 ) bc(b3 c3 ) ca(c3 a3 ) 1 .
eKman ab bc ca abc a1 b1 1c 1
tag x a1 , y b1 , z 1c enaH x y z 1 ehIyvismPaBsmmUl
x4 y 4 y 4 z 4 z 4 x4
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
x y
y z
z x
tamvismPaB Tchebyshev eKman

x4 y 4 x y
eKTaj x3 y 3 2 (1)
x4 y 4 x 3 y 3 x y
.
2
2
2
y4 z4 y z
( 2)
3
3
2
y z
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
nig
z 4 x4 z x
( 3)
3
3
2
z x
x4 y 4 y 4 z 4 z 4 x4
3
3
xyz 1
3
3
3
3
x y
y z
z x
Bit .
- Page 101 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI61 Kazakhstan 2008
eKyk x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1
cUrbgajfa yz1 z zx1 x xy1 y 32 .
tag x ba ; y bc ; z ac enaH xyz 1
vismPaBsmmUl b a c c b a a c b 32
tag
a
b
c
a2
b2
c2
T
b c c a a b ab ac bc ab ac bc
(a b c ) 2
T
Cauchy Schwarz
2(ab bc ca)
tamvismPaB
eK)an
a2 b 2 b2 c2 c2 a2
ab bc ca
2
2
2
a 2 b 2 c 2 ab bc ca
(a b c)2 3(ab bc ca)
3
T
2
1
1
1
3
yz z zx x xy y 2
eKTaj)an
dUcenH
Bit .
- Page 102 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI62 Korea 2000
cMnYnBit a, , b , c , x , y , z epgpat; a b c 0 nig x y z 0
cUrbgajfa
a2x2
b2y 2
c2z 2
3
.
eday a b c 0 nig x y z 0
eK)an (b c)((z y ) bz cy by cz 0 b bz cy by cz
eKTaj (by cz )(bz cy ) (by cz)2 2(b2y 2 c2z 2 )
a2x2
a2x2
ehtuenH (by cz)(bz cy ) 2(b2y 2 c2z 2 ) 12 . Y X Z (1)
Edl X a x , Y b y , Z c z .
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
2 2
2 2
2 2
b2y 2
1 Y
c2z 2
1 Z
( 2) ,
( 3)
.
.
(cz ax )(cx az ) 2 Z X
(ax by )(ay bx ) 2 X Y
tag
a2x2
b2y 2
c2z 2
T
(by cz )(bz cy ) (cz ax )(cx az ) (ax by )(ay bx )

1 X
Y
Z
T (
)
2 YZ Z X XY
eK)an
( X Y ) ( Y Z ) ( Z X ) 3 3 ( X Y )( Y Z )( Z X )
3
X Y Z 3 ( X Y )( Y Z )( Z X) (i )
2
- Page 103 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
ehIy Y 1 Z Z 1 X X 1 Y ( X Y)(Y3 Z)(Z X)
KuNvismPaB (i) nig (ii ) Gg nig Gg eK)an
3
(ii )
XYZ XYZ XYZ 9
YZ
ZX
XY
2
X
Y
Z
9
1
1
1
YZ
ZX
XY
2
3
X
Y
Z
9
3
2
YZ Z X XY 2
3
T
4
eKTaj
dUcenH
Bit
a2x2
b2y 2
c2z 2
3
- Page 104 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI63 Ireland 2002
3 3 xyz
x
y
z
cUrbgajfa 1 x 1 y 1 z 1 3 xyz
cMeBaHRKb; 0 x , y , z 1 .
tagGnuKmn_ f (x) 1 x x 1 1 x 1 Edl 0 x 1
eK)an f ' (x) (1 1x)2 ehIy f '' (x) (1 2x)3 0 cMeBaH 0 x 1
naM[ f (x) CaGnuKmn_e)a:g .
tamRTwsIbT Jensen cMeBaHRKb; 0 x , y , z 1 eK)an
f ( x) f ( y ) f (z ) 3 f (
xyz
)
3
eday f ' (x) (1 1x)2 0 naM[ f (x) CaGnuKmn_ekIn .

tamvismPaB AM GM eKman x y3 z xyz
eKTaj f ( x y3 z ) f ( xyz ) ehtuenH f (x) f (y ) f (z ) 3f (
3
dUcenH
3 3 xyz
x
y
z
1 x 1 y 1 z 1 3 xyz
xyz )
- Page 105 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI64 IMO 2001
cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb; a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmaneK)an
a
b
c
1 .
2
2
2
a 8bc
b 8ca
c 8ab
a
b
c
1
2
2
2
a 8bc
b 8ca
c 8ab
1
x0
f ( x)
x
1
3
f ' (x)
f '' ( x)
0
3
5
2 x
4 x
bgajfa
tagGnuKmn_
eK)an
Edl
nig
cMeBaHRKb; x 0
naM[ f (x) CaGnuKmn_e)a:g .

tamvismPaB Jensen RKb; a , b , c 0 eK)an
af ( x ) bf ( y ) cf ( z )
ax by cz
f(
)
abc
abc
eday
x a 2 8bc , y b 2 8ca , z c 2 8ab
a
a 2 8bc
b
b 2 8ca
abc
eK)an
c
c 2 8ab
abc
a 3 b 3 c 3 24abc
(a b c ) 3
(i )
3
3
3
2
2
2
a b c 24abc
a 8bc
b 8ca
c 8ab
a
eKman (a b c)
a 3 b 3 c 3 3(a b )(b c)(c a )
- Page 106 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
a b 2 ab
b c 2 bc
c a 2 ca
naM[ (a b)(b c)(c a) 2 ab .2 bc .2 ca 8abc

eKTaj)an (a b c) a b c 24abc
b a (ba bc c)24abc 1 (ii )
tamTMnak;TMng (i) nig (ii ) eKTaj)an
a
b
c
1 Bit .
2
2
2
3
a 8bc
b 8ca
c 8ab
- Page 107 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI65 Bulgaria 2007
cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb; a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmaneK)an
(a 1)(b 1)2
3 c a 1
3
2 2
(b 1)(c 1)2
3 a b 1
3
2 2
(c 1)(a 1)2
3 b c 1
3
2 2
abc3
ca c a 3 c 2a 2 ca c a 1 1 3 c 2a 2
3
(a 1)(c 1) 1 3 c 2a 2
(a 1)(b 1)2 (b 1)2
(1)
3 2 2
c
1
3 c a 1
3
eKTaj)an
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
(b 1)(c 1)2
(c 1)2
(c 1)(a 1)2 (a 1)2
( 2) ,
( 3)
3
3 2 2
2
2
b1
a1
3 a b 1
3 b c 1
bUkvismPaB (1) , (2) , (3) eK)an

(a 1)(b 1)2
(b 1)(c 1)2
(c 1)(a 1)2
abc3
3 c a 1
3 a b 1
3 b c 1
(b 1)2 (c 1)2 (a 1)2 (a b c 3)2
abc3
c1
a1
b1
abc 3
3
2 2
eRBaH
2 2
2 2
- Page 108 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI66 APMO 2007
eK[ x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl
cUrRsayfa
x 2 yz
2x ( y z )
2
eKman
eday
y 2 zx
2y ( z x )
2
x 2 yz
2x 2 ( y z )
x y z 1
z 2 xy
2z ( x y )
2
x 2 ( y z )x yz
( y z )x
2x 2 ( y z )
2x 2 ( y z )
yz
( x y )( x z )
2
2x 2 ( y z )
yz
y z
( y z )2 2( y z )
2
2
y z
x 2 yz
( x y )( x z )
(1)
2
2
2
2x ( y z )
2x ( y z )
eKTaj
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
y 2 zx
2y 2 ( z x )
z 2 xy
2z 2 ( x y )
( y z )( y x )
2y 2 ( z x )
( z x )( z y )
2z 2 ( x y )
z x
( 2)
2
x y
( 3)
2

S
( x y )( x z )
2x ( y z )
2
( y z )( y x )
2y ( z x )
2
( z x )( z y )
2z ( x y )
2
x y z
- Page 109 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
Edl S
x 2 yz
2x ( y z )
2
y 2 zx
2y ( z x )
2z ( x y )
( x y )( x z )
0
2
2x ( y z )
2
]bmafa x y z eK)an
z 2 xy
2
ehIy
( y z )(y x)
2y ( z x )
2
xz
xy
(y z )
2
2
2
2z ( x y )
2z ( x y )
2y ( z x)
( z x)(z y )
eday x z x y 0 eKTaj
( y z )(y x)
2y ( z x )
2
( y z )(y x)
2y ( z x )
2
xy
xy
(y z)
2
2
2
2z ( x y )
2y ( z x)
2z ( x y )
( z x)(z y )
1
1
(y z ) (x y )
2
2
2
2z ( x y )
2z ( x y )
2y ( z x)
( z x)(z y )
eday y 2 (z x) y 2z y 2z yz 2 z 2x z 2 (x y )
eKTaj 2 1 2 1 0 ehIy (y z )(x y ) 0
eKTaj
dUcenH
2z ( x y )
2y ( z x )
( y z )(y x) ( z x)(z y )
0
2
2
2y ( z x )
2z ( x y )
x 2 yz
2x ( y z )
2
y 2 zx
2y ( z x )
2
naM[ S
z 2 xy
2z ( x y )
2
x y z 1
- Page 110 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI67 Baltic 2008
ebIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c epgpat; a2 b2 c2 3
enaHcUrbgajfa
a2
b2
c2
(a b c ) 2
12
2 b c2 2 c a2 2 a b 2
a2
b2
c2
(a b c ) 2
2
2
2
2bc
2ca
2ab
6 a b c a2 b2 c2
a2
b2
c2
(a b c ) 2
2 b c2 2 c a2 2 a b 2 9 a b c
eRBaH a2 b2 c2 3 .
eKman (a b c) 3(a b c ) 9 a b c 3
(a b c ) 2 (a b c ) 2
b 9 a b c 12 9 a b c 12
2
dUcenH
a2
b2
c2
(a b c ) 2
2
2
2
12
2bc
2ca
2ab
- Page 111 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI68 Canada 2008
eKmancMnYnBitviCman a , b , c epgpat; a b c 1 .
b ca c ab 3
cUrbgajfa aa bc
.
bc b ca c ab 2
b ca c ab 3
bgajfa aa bc
bc b ca c ab 2
2bc
2bc
2bc
eKman 1 aa bc
(1)
bc 1 b c bc (1 c)(1 b ) (a b )(a c)
2ca
dUcKaEdr 1 bb ca
( 2)
ca (b c)(b a )
2ab
nig 1 cc ab
( 3)
ab (c a )(c b )
a bc b ca c ab
2bc
2ca
2ab
a bc b ca c ab
(a b )(a c) (a b )(b c) (c a )(c b )
a bc b ca c ab
2bc
2ca
2ab
a bc b ca c ab
(a b)(a c) (a b)(b c) (c a)(c b)
3(
b ca c ab 3
Bi
t
]bmafa aa bc
bc b ca c ab 2
eKTaj 3 (a b2)(bca c) (a b2)(cab c) (c a2)(abc b) 32
3
2bc
2ca
2ab
(a b )(a c ) (a b )(b c) (c a )(c b ) 2
b
smmUl 4[ bc(b c) ca(c a) ab(a b)] 3(a b)(b c)(c a)
smmUl ab bc ca 9abc .
- Page 112 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
1 1 1
3
a b c 3 abc nig 3
a b c
abc
eKTaj (a b c)( a1 b1 1c ) 9
b (a b c)(ab bc ca) 9abc
eday a b c 1 enaH ab bc ca 9abc Bit
b ca c ab 3
dUcenH aa bc
.
bc b ca c ab 2
3
- Page 113 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI69 Lithuania 2006
eK[ a , b , c Ca cMnYnBitviCman.
cUrbgajfa a 1 bc b 1 ca c 1 ab 12 ( ab1 bc1 ca1 ) .
bgajfa a 1 bc b 1 ca c 1 ab 12 ( ab1 bc1 ca1 )
2
a 2 bc 2 a 2bc 2 ab . bc
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
1
1 1
1
.
.
(1)
2
2
ab
bc
a bc
1
1 1
1
1
1 1
1
.
.
(
2
)
;
.
.
( 3)
2
2
b ca 2 bc . ca
c ab 2 ca ab
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
(
.
.
.
)
2
2
2
2
ab
bc
bc
ca
ca
ab
a bc b ca c ab

(
1
1
1 2
1
1 1 1 1
1
1
1
1
.
) ( )( )
.
ab bc ca bc ca ab
ab bc
bc ca
ca ab
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1

.
.
.
ab bc
bc ca
ca ab ab bc ca
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
)
2
2
2
2
ab
bc
ca
a bc b ca c ab
b
dUcenH
- Page 114 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eK[ a , b , c , d CacMnYnBitviCman .
a4
b4
c4
d4
S
(a b )(a 2 b 2 ) (b c)(b 2 c 2 ) (c d )(c 2 d 2 ) (d a)(d 2 a 2 )
cUrbgajfa S a b 4 c d .
bgajfa S a b 4 c d
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz eKman (a b) 2(a b )
KuNvismPaBnwg a 2 b 2 eK)an (a b) (a b ) 2(a b )
eday (a b ) 2(a b ) enaH (a b) (a b ) 4(a b )
a4 b4
eKTaj (a b)(a 2 b 2 ) a 4 b
eKman a b 2a (a b ) 2a (a b)(a b)(a b )
2a 4
eK)an (a b)(a 2 b 2 ) (a b) a 4 b
2
2 2
2 2
a4
ab ab
(*)
2
2
8
2
(a b )(a b )
2(a b c d ) (a b ) (b c) (c a)
(*)
S
8
2
abcd
S
4
tam eKTaj)an
dUcenH
- Page 115 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI71
eK[cMnYnBitviCman x1 , x2 , ...., xn ehIyeKtag
Sn x1 x 2 ... xn . cUrRsayfa
S2
Sn
(1 x1 )(1 x 2 )....(1 xn ) 1 S ...
2!
n!
S
n S
(1 x1 )(1 x 2 )...(1 xn )
1
n
n
n
tameTVFajtuneKman
n
2
3
n
k
n
S
2 S
3 S
n S
k S
1 1 S Cn . 2 Cn . 3 .... Cn n Cn k
n
n
n
n
n
k 0
eday
Ckn
n!
(n k 1)(n k 2)....(n 1)n 1
.
k
k
k
k!
n
k! (n k )! n
n
k 1
k2
1
1 1
)(1
).....(1 ).1.
(1
k! k!
n
n
n
n
n Sk
S
eK)an 1 n k! Bit
k 0
dUcenH
S2
Sn
(1 x1 )(1 x 2 )....(1 xn ) 1 S ...
2!
n!
- Page 116 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI72 Turkey National Olympiad 2010
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnKt;viCman n nig cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman
a1 , a 2 , ...., a n epgpat; a1a 2a 3 ....a n 1 cUrbgajfa
n
ai
1 n 1

.
4
2 a
i 1
ai 3
i 1 i
CadMbUgeyIgRtUvRsay[eXIjfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit x 0 eKman
x
x1
x
x4 3
x4 3 ( x 1)2
( x 1)2 ( x 2 2x 2) 0
eday (x 1)2 0 nig x2 2x 2 (x 1)2 1 0

naM[ (x 1)2 (x2 2x 2) 0 BitRKb;cMnYnBit x .
n a
n
i
ehtuenH a 1 a4i (1)
i 1 i
i 1
CabneToteyIgnwgRsayfa
]bmafa
smmUl
smmUl
ai 3
n a
1 n 1
i
2 i 1ai i 1ai 1
n a
1
2 i
i 1ai
i 1a i 1
n
n a 1 1
n 1
1
i
)
2 (1
)
(
2
a
2
2
a
a
1
i
i
i 1
i 1
i 1 i
n
n 1
n a 1 n
2
i
2
n
2
a
2
2
a
i
i 1a i 1
i 1 i
i 1
Bit
- Page 117 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
smmUl
n 1
ai 1
2
5n
)
(
ai 1 i 12ai
2
i 1 2ai
n
tamvismPaB AM GM cMeBaH a1 , a2 , ..., an 0 eKman

n a 1
( i
i 1 2ai
n 1
nig 2a
i 1
n a 1
2
2
2
n
) 2n
) 2n
( i .
ai 1
2
a
a
1
i
i
i 1
nn n 1 n
a1a 2a 3 ....a n 1

2 i 1 a i 2
eRBaH
n a 1
( i
eKTaj)an
eKTaj)an
n 1
2
n 5n
2n
)
ai 1 i 12ai
2 2
i 1 2a i
n a
1 n 1
i ( 2)
2 i 1ai i 1ai 1
tamTMnak;TMng (1) nig (2) eKTaj)an

dUcenH
1 n 1

4
i 1 a i 3 2 i 1 a i
ai
Bit
n
1 n 1
a
4i
2 i 1ai i 1 a 3
i
- Page 118 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI73 IMO Shortlist 2009
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman edaydwgfa
1 1 1
a b c . cUrbgajfa
a b c
1
( 2a b c)
1
(a 2b c)
1
(a b 2c)
3
16
eKman (2a b c)2 4a2 4a(b c) (b c)2

4a 2 4ab 4ac 4bc (b c)2
4(a b )(a c) (b c)2
eday (b c)2 0 enaH (2a b c)2 4(a b)(a c)

1
1
eKTaj
(1)
2
4(a b )(a c)
( 2a b c)
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
nig
1
( 2)
4(a b )(b c)
(a 2b c)2
1
1
( 3)
2
4(b c)(a c)
(a b 2c)

1
1
1
4(a b )(a c) 4(a b )(b c) 4(b c)(a c)

abc
S
2(a b )(b c)(c a )
S
- Page 119 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tamsmtikmeKman a1 b1 1c a b c
eKTaj ab bc ac abc(a b c)
naM[ (ab bc ca)(a b c) abc(a b c)2
eday (ab bc ca)(a b c) 9abc
eKTaj abc(a b c)2 9abc enaH a b c 3
- Page 120 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI74 Turkey Team Selection Tests 2008
smIkar x3 ax2 bx c 0 manbbICacMnYnBitviCman

mincaM)ac;xusKa .
cUrkMNt;tmGb,brmaEdlGacn 13a2abbc bc .
tag u , v , w Cabsrbs;smIkar x3 ax2 bx c 0 .
eK)an
u v w a
uv vw wu b
uvw c
eday u 0 , v 0 , w 0 enaH a 0 , b 0 , c 0
1 a b c c b 2 ab 2ac b 3c
eKman 3 2a b b b2 2ab 3a
3b 2 3ab 6ac 3b 9c
3(b 2 2ab 3b )
(b 2 2ab 3b ) ( 2b 2 ab 6ac 9c)
3(b 2 2ab 3b )
1 2b 2 ab 6ac 9c

3
3(b 2 2ab 3b )
- Page 121 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
a u v w 3 3 uvw
nig b uv vw wu 33 u2 v2w 2
eK)an ab 9uvw 9c b ab 9c 0 (*)
ma:geToteKman
u 2 v 2 v 2w 2
v 2w 2 u 2w 2
2
uv w (1) ,
uvw 2 ( 2)
2
2
u 2w 2 u 2 v 2
u 2 vw ( 3)
2

u 2 v 2 v 2w 2 w 2u 2 uvw (u v w )
(uv vw wu )2 3uvw (u v w )
b b2 3ac b 2b2 6ac 0 (**)

bUkvismPaB (*) & (**) eK)an 2b2 ab 6ac 9c 0
1 2b 2 ab 6ac 9c 1 1 a b c c 1
ehtuenH 3 3(b2 2ab 3b) 3 b 3 2a b b 3
dUcenHtmGb,brman 13a2abbc bc KW 13 .
- Page 122 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI75 Turkey Team Selection Tests 2010
cUrRsayfa
2
2 2
2
(
a
b
)(
a
ab
b
) 2 2 2 2 1
1
1
4
(
a
b
c
)(
)
2
3
ab bc ca
Cyc
1
1
1
9
a b b c c a 2(a b c)
2 2
(a b 2 c 2 )
3
2 2
1
1
1
3(a2 b2 c2 )
2
2
(a b c )(
)
(1)
3
ab bc ca
abc
KuNGgTaMgBIrnwg
eK)an
a2 b2
(a 2 ab b 2 )
2
2
2
2
(
a
b
)(
a
ab
b
)
2
2
3a 2 3b 2 2ab
(a 2 b 2 )(a 2 ab b 2 )
4
2
eK)an
Cyc
(a 2 b 2 )(a 2 ab b 2 )
3a 2 3b 2 2ab
2
2
Cyc
- Page 123 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
Cyc
3a2 3b2 2ab

3(6a2 6b2 6c2 2ab 2bc 2ca)
2
2
eKTaj)an
Cyc
6[3(a2 b2 c2 ) (ab bc ca)]

(a2 b2 )(a2 ab b2 )
(2)
2
2
eyIgnwgRsayfa
3(a 2 b 2 c2 )
6[3(a 2 b 2 c2 ) (ab bc ca)]
abc
2
smmUl
(a b c)2[3(a2 b2 c2 ) (ab bc ca)]

a b c
6
2
2(a b c)2[9(a2 b2 c2 ) 3(ab bc ca)

a b c
6
xy
xy
, x , y 0
AM GM
2
2
tamvismPaB
eKman
x 2(a b c)2 , y 9(a 2 b 2 c 2 ) 3(ab bc ca)
ehIy x y 11(a2 b2 c2 ) ab bc ca
enaHeK)an
- Page 124 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
11(a 2 b 2 c2 ) ab bc ca
a b c
12
2
a 2 b 2 c2 ab bc ca
1
[ (a b )2 (b c ) 2 (c a )2 ] 0
2
b
ehtuenHeK)an
Bit
3(a2 b2 c2 )
6[3(a2 b2 c2 ) (ab bc ca)]
(3)
abc
2
tamTMnak;TMng (1) , (2) nig (3) eKTaj)an
Cyc
(a2 b2 )(a2 ab b2 ) 2 2 2 2 1
1
1
)
(a b c )(
2
3
ab bc ca
vismPaBenHkayCasmPaBluHRtaEt a b c .
- Page 125 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI76 Turkey National Olympiad 2005
ebI a , b , c CargVas;RCugnRtIekaNmYy ehIy r CakaMrgVg;

carwkkgnRtIekaNenaHcUrRsayfa a12 b12 c12 41r 2 .
tag
b c a x
c a b y
a b c z
yz
zx
xy
2
4
4
4
(1)
2
2
2
(y z)
( z x)
(x y )
enaH
eK)an a12 b12 c12

tamrUbmnehr:ugeK)an
S p r p(p a)(p b )(p c)
eKTaj r 2 (p a)(p p b)(p c)
Edl p a b2 c
b r 2 (b c a)(4(caabbc)() a b c) 4(x xyzy z )

yz 1
1
1
eKTaj 41r 2 x xyz

yz zx xy
( 2)
- Page 126 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
y z 2 yz
naM[ (y 4z )2 yz1
dUcKaEdr (z 4x)2 zx1 nig (x 4y )2 xy1

eK)an (y 4z )2 (z 4x)2 (x 4y )2 yz1 zx1 xy1
( 3)
tamTMnak;TMng (1) , (2) & (3) eKTaj)an a12 b12 c12 41r 2 Bit
dUcenH a12 b12 c12 41r 2 .
- Page 127 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI77 Vietnam Team Selection Tests 2010
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanehIyepgpat;lkxN
1 1 1
16(a b c) . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a b c
1
1
8
3
3
(a b 2a 2c)3 (b c 2a 2b) (c a 2b 2c) 9
1 1 1
16(a b c)
a b c
tamsmtikmeKman
eK)an ab bc ca 16abc(a b c) (1)
a2b2 b2c2 b2c2 c2a2 c2a2 a2b2
ab2c abc2 a2bc

2
2
2
a 2b 2 b 2c2 c2a 2 ab 2c abc 2 a 2bc abc(a b c)
EfmGgTaMgBIrnwg 2ab2c 2abc2 2a2bc 2abc(a b c)

eK)an (ab bc ca)2 3abc(a b c) (2)
tam (1) nwg (2) eKTaj)an
3
(ab bc ca)
16
3
ab bc ca
( 3)
16
(ab bc ca)2
b
m:ageTottamvismPaB AM GM eKman
- Page 128 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
1
1
(a b )(a c)
(a b ) ( 2a 2c ) ( 2a 2c ) 3 3
2
2
2
27
(a b 2a 2c )3 (a b )(a c)
2
1
2
1
.
( 4)
3
27 (a b )(a c)
(a b 2a 2c )
b
eKTaj)an
RsaybMPWdUcKaEdreK)an
1
(b c 2a 2b )3
1
(c a 2b 2c )3
1
2
( 5)
.
27 (a b )(b c)
2
1
.
( 6)
27 (c a )(b c)
tag
T
1
1
(a b 2a 2c)3 (b c 2a 2b)3 (c a 2b 2c)3

T
2
2(a b c)
.
27 (a b )(b c)(c a )
eKman
(a b c)(ab bc ca) (a b )(b c)(c a ) abc (7 )
(a b )(b c)(c a ) 2 ab .2 bc .2 ca 8abc ( 8)
- Page 129 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tam (7) nig (8) eKTaj)an

8
(a b )(b c)(c a ) (a b c)(ab bc ca)
9
abc
9
1
9 16
.
. 6
(a b )(b c)(c a ) 8 ab bc ca 8 3
3
ab bc ca
16
8
2
T 2 6
9
27
naM[
eRBaH
eKTaj)an
dUcenH
1
(a b 2a 2c)3
Bit
1
8
(b c 2a 2b)3 (c a 2b 2c)3 9
- Page 130 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI78
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1 .
cUrbgajfa ab 2 bc 2 ca 2 83 .
1 c
1 a
1b
eday a b c 1 enaH 1 c2 (a b c)2 c2
(a b )(a b 2c)
(a b )(a c) (a b )(b c)
ab
ab
1 c2 (a b )(a c) (a b )(b c)
eK)an
1
1
4
(a b)(a c) (a b)(b c) (a b)(a c) (a b)(b c)

a b 2c
4
(a b)(b c)(c a) (a b)(a c) (a b)(b c)

1 c
4
(a b)(b c)(c a) (a b)(a c) (a b)(b c)

ab
ab(1 c)
(1)
2 4(a b )(b c )(c a )
1 c
bc
bc(1 a )
( 2)
2
4(a b )(b c)(c a )
1 a
ac
ac(1 b )
( 3)
2 4(a b )(b c )(c a )
1 b
eKTaj
RsaybMPWdUcKaEdreK)an
nig
- Page 131 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
ab(1 c) bc(1 a ) ac(1 b )

4(a b )(b c)(c a )
1 c2 1 a2 1 b 2
ab
bc
ac
ab bc ca 3abc
( 4)
2
2
2 4(a b )(b c )(c a )
1 c
1 a
1b
ab
bc
ac
eKman (a b)(b c)(c a) (1 a)(1 b)(1 c)
(1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1 (a b c) (ab bc ca) abc

ab bc ca abc
eK)an (a b)(b c)(c a) ab bc ca abc

b (a b)(b c)(c a) 4abc ab bc ca 3abc
ab bc ca 3abc
b 1 (a b)(4babc
c)(c a ) (a b )(b c)(c a )

eday (a b)(b c)(c a) 8abc
eK)an (aba bbc)(bcac)(c3abca) 1 48 32 (5)
tam (4) & (5) eK)an ab 2 bc 2 ca 2 83 Bit .
1 c
1 a
1b
dUcenH ab 2 bc 2 ca 2 83 .
1 c
1 a
1b
- Page 132 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI79 Indonesia Team Selection test 2010
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman nig x , y , z

CabIcMnYnBitviCmanedaydwgfa a b c x y z .
a3 b 3 c3
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 2 2 2 a b c .
x
a3
RsaybBaak;fa
b3
y
c3
z
abc
a3
eKTaj
a3
x
xx 3
a3
x
.x.x
3a 2x (1)
RsaydUcKaEdr
b3
y
3b 2y ( 2)
nig
c3
z
3c 2z ( 3)

a3
x
b3
y
dUcenH
a3
x
c3
z
3(a b c) 2( x y z ) a b c
b3
y
c3
z
abc
Bit
- Page 133 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI80
eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a 3 4(b 3 c 3 ) b 3 4(c 3 a 3 ) c 3 4( a 3 b 3 ) 9
bc
ca
ab
2
eKman b c (b c) 3bc(b c)
eKTaj bc b 2 c naM[ 3bc(b c) 43 (b c)
eK)an b c (b c) 43 (b c) 14 (b c)
eKTaj b c 4(b c )
b a b c a 4(b c )
3
a 3 4(b 3 c 3 )
a
naM[
1
(1)
bc
bc
b 3 4(c 3 a 3 )
b
dUcKaEdr
1
( 2)
ca
ca
c 3 4(a 3 b 3 )
c
1
( 3)
nig
ab
ab
edaybUkTMnakTMng (1) , (2) , (3) eK)an

- Page 134 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
T 3
a
b
c
bc ca ab
Edl
a 3 4(b 3 c 3 ) b 3 4(c 3 a 3 ) c 3 4(a 3 b 3 )
bc
ca
ab
eyIgnwgRsayfa
tag
3
a
b
c
bc ca ab 2
bcm
ca n
ab p
eK)an b c c a a b m n p
naM[ a b c m 2n p
eKTaj
npm
mnp
mnp
eK)an
a
b
c
npm mnp mnp
bc ca ab
2m
2n
2p
a
b
c
1 n m p m n p
3
b c c a a b 2 m n m p p n
- Page 135 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
n p
p m
n m
2; 2; 2
p n
m p
m n
eK)an b a c c b a a c b
eKTaj
dUcenH
T 3
3 9
2 2
1
2 2 2 3 3
2
2
Bit .
a 3 4(b3 c 3 ) b 3 4(c 3 a 3 ) c 3 4(a 3 b3 ) 9
bc
ca
ab
2
- Page 136 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI1
eKeGaybIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrRsayfa
a3
b3
c3
3
.
3
3
3
8
(b c )
(c a )
(a b )
1 1
a3
3a

8 8 (b c)3 4(b c)
a3
3a
1
(1)
3
4(b c) 4
(b c )
dUcKaEdr
nig
b3
3b
1
( 2)
3
4(c a ) 4
(c a )
c3
3c
1
( 3)
3
4
(
a
b
)
4
(a b )

a3
b3
c3
3 a
b
c 3
3
3
3
4 b c c a a b 4
(b c) (c a) (a b)
3 a
b
c
3 3
(
)
4 bc ca ab 4 8
a
b
c
3
bc ca ab 2
eyIgnwgRsayfa
b
- Page 137 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tag
bcm
ca n
ab p
eK)an b c c a a b m n p
naM[ a b c m 2n p
eKTaj
npm
mnp
mnp
eK)an
a
b
c
npm mnp mnp
bc ca ab
2m
2n
2p
a
b
c
1 n m p m n p
3
b c c a a b 2 m n m p p n
n m
p m
n p
2; 2; 2
m n
m p
p n
a
b
c
1
3
2 2 2 3
bc ca ab
2
2
eK)an
Bit
- Page 138 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI82 IMO Longlist 1992
abc
A
a
,
b
,
c
eKkM
N
t;
t
ag
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman
3
3
.
1 1

a b c
3
A
cUrRsayfa G 14 43 . HA ?

G 3 abc
nig H 1
]bmafa GA 14 43 . HA Bit

1 3 3 A 3
3
smmUl A 4 G 4 . H .G
abc
abc 3 1
3
3
(
) abc .
.abc
3
3
4
4
1 1 1

a b c
27
9abc
1 1 1
(a b c)3 abc
(a b c)( )
4
4
a b c
4(a b c)3 27abc 9(a b c)(ab bc ca )
b
tamvismPaB AM GM eyIg)an
a b c 33 abc naM[ (a b c)3 27abc
(1)
- Page 139 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
a2 b 2 b 2 c2 c2 a2
ab bc ca
2
2
2
a 2 b 2 c2 ab bc ca
EfmGgTaMgBIrnwg 2ab 2bc 2ca eK)an

(a b c)2 3(ab bc ca)
3(a b c)3 9(ab bc ca) ( 2)

4(a b c)3 27abc 9(a b c)(ab bc ca )
3
dUcenH GA 14 43 . HA

Bit
- Page 140 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI83 IMO 1969
eK[cMnYnBit x1 , x2 , y1 , y 2 , z1 , z 2 epgpat; x1 0 , x2 0
x1y1 z12 0 nig x 2y 2 z 2 2 0 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
8
( x1 x 2 )( y1 y 2 ) ( z1 z 2 )
1
x1y1 z1
tag a x1y1 z12 0 ; b x2y 2 z 22 0

nig c (x1 x2 )(y1 y 2 ) (z1 z 2 )2
eday x1 0 nig x2 0 enaH
a z 12
y1
0
x1
1
x2y 2 z 2
(*)
nig y 2 0
c ( x1y1 z12 ) ( x 2y 2 z 2 2 ) x1y 2 x 2y1 2z1z 2

c a b x1y 2 x 2y1 2z1z 2
eday a x1y1 z1 enaH
a z 12
x1
y1
nig
b z 22
x2
y2
b x2y 2 z 2
enaH
a z 12
b z 22
eK)an c a b y 2 ( y ) y1 ( y ) 2z1z 2
1
2
y
y
y
y
a b 2 a 1 b 2 z 1 2 2 z 1z 2 1 z 2 2
y1
y2
y1
y2
- Page 141 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
y
y
y
y1
a b 2 a 1 b 2 z1
z 2
y2
y1
y2
y1
eday yy2 z1 yy1 z 2 0 enaHeKTaj)an

2
1
y
y
y
y
c a b 2 a 1 b eday 2 a 1 b 2 ab
y1
y2
y1
y2
enaH c a b 2 ab ( a b )2 (1)
eyIg]bmafavismPaB (*) BiteBalKW 8c a1 b1 Bit
eK)an c a8abb eday c (

eyIgnwgRsayfa (
smmUl (a b)(
a b 2 ab
a b )2
tamvismPaB (1)
8ab
ab
a b )2 8ab . tamvismPaB AM GM
a b )2
ehIy (
a b )2 4 ab
a b ) 8ab Bit
8
1
1
( x1 x2 )(y1 y 2 ) ( z1 z 2 )2 x1y1 z12 x2y 2 z 22
enaH (a b)(
dUcenH
vismPaBenHkaysmPaBluHRtaEt
y
y2
y
y
z1
z 2 1 b z1y 2 z 2y1 nig 2 a 1 b .
y
y
y
y
1
- Page 142 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI82
cUrRsaybBaak;fa ba ba 2(a b)( a1 b1 )
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a nig b .
edayKuNGgTaMgBIrnvismPaBnwg ab eK)an
3
a2 3 b2
2(a b ) 2
tag x a nig y 3 b
eK)an x y 2(x y ) (*)
x x y x y 3x y nig y x y
bUkvismPaBTaMgBIrenHGgnigGgeK)an
3
3 3
3 3
4 2
3 3
x 3 y 3 3x 2 y 4
x 6 4x 3 y 3 y 6 3x 4 y 2 3x 2 y 4
EfmGgTaMgBIrnvismPaBnwg x
y6
eK)an
2( x 6 2x 3 y 3 y 6 ) x 6 3x 4 y 2 3x 2 y 4 y 6
2( x 3 y 3 ) 2 ( x 2 y 2 ) 3
eKTaj x y
dUcenH ba
2
naM[ (*) Bit .

1 1
2(a b )( ) RKb; a 0 ; b 0 .
a b
3 2( x 3 y 3 )
- Page 143 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI84
eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanmMukgCamMuRsYc . cUrRsayfa
3 2
cos A cos B cos C
.
2
tamvismPaB Cauchy-Schwartz eyIg)an
( cos A cos B cos C ) 2 3(cos A cos B cos C) (1)
tag T cos A cos B cos C
A
BC
BC
cos
2 cos
2
2
2
A
A
BC
1 2 sin 2 2 sin cos
2
2
2
BC
A
A
cos sin
cos
2
2
2 2
B
C
0B
; 0C
2
2
BC
BC
cos
1

2
4
2
4
A
A 3 1
A
3
T 1 2 sin 2 2 sin (1 2 sin ) 2
2
2 2 2
2
2
3
cos A cos B cos C ( 2)
2
1 2 sin 2
eRBaH
.
eday nig CamMuRsYcenaH
eKTaj
naM[
ehtuenH
b
tamTMnak;TMng (1) nig (2) eKTaj)an
( cos A cos B cos C ) 2
dUcenH
9
2
cos A cos B cos C
3 2
2
.
- Page 144 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI85
eK[ x ; y ; z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1 . cUrRsayfa
1
1
1
1
( x 1)2 y 2 1 ( y 1)2 z 2 1 ( z 1)2 x 2 1 2
eyIgman (x 1) y 1 x y 2x 2 eday x
eKTaj (x 1) y 1 2(xy x 1)
naM[ (x 1)21 y 2 1 12 . xy 1x 1
2
y 2 2xy
eKman xyz 1 enaHeKGacyk x ba ; y bc , z ac

Edl a 0 ; b 0 ; c 0 .
eK)an xy x 1 ac ba 1 a ba c
ehtuenH (x 1)21 y 2 1 12 . a ab c 1
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
1
1
b
2
.
2
2
( y 1) z 1 2 a b c
1
1
c
3
.
( z 1)2 x 2 1 2 a b c
eFIVplbUkvismPaB (1) ; (2) nig (3) eK)an

1
1
1
1
( x 1)2 y 2 1 ( y 1)2 z 2 1 ( z 1)2 x 2 1 2
- Page 145 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eK[ a ; b ; c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 . cUrRsayfa
a(b b ) b(c c ) c(a a ) 0 .
x2
y2
z2
eday abc 1 enaHeKGactag a y 2 ; b z 2 ; c x2
Edl x 0 ; y 0 ; z 0 .
vismPaBxagelIsmmUl
2
x2 y 4 y y 2 z4 z
z 2 x4 x
( 4 ) 2 ( 4 ) 2( 4 ) 0
2
z
x x y
y
y z
z x
x2y 2 x2 y 2z 2 y 2 z 2x2 z 2
4
4
0
4
xy
yz
zx
z
x
y
2x 2 y 2 2x 2 2y 2 z 2 2y 2 2z 2 x 2 2z 2
0
4
4
4
yz
zx
xy
z
x
y
2
xy yz yz zx zx xy
2 2 2 2 2 2 0
x x
y y
z
z
2
Bit
- Page 146 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI87
eK[ a1 , a2 , ..., an 0 nig x1 , x2 , ..., xn 0 .
cUrRsaytamkMeNInfa
a
a
a
(a a ... a )
.
...
x
x
x
x x .... x
2
tag
n
2
a1
a2
an
(a1 a 2 ... an )2
Tn
...
x1
x2
xn
x1 x 2 ... xn
2
cMeBaH n 1 eK)an
cMeBaH n 2 eK)an
a
a
T1 1 1 0 0
x1
x1
Bit
a1
a2
( a1 a 2 ) 2
T2
x1
x2
x1 x 2
2
( x1 x 2 )(a1 x 2 a 2 x1 ) x1x 2 (a1 a 2 )2
x1x 2 ( x1 x 2 )
2
( a1 x 2 a 2 x1 ) 2
0
x1x 2 ( x1 x 2 )
Bit
]bmafavaBitdl;tYTI k KW Tk 0 Bit
eyIgnwgRsayfavaBitdl;tYTI k 1 KW Tk 1 0 Bit
eKman Tk 0 kar]bmaxagelI
eK)an ax ax ... ax (ax ax ......ax )
2
- Page 147 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj
ak
(a1 a 2 ... ak )2
a1
a2
...
xk
x1 x 2 ... xk
x1
x2
ak2 1
xk 1
2
EfmGgTaMgBIrnwg
eK)an
ak
ak2 1 (a1 a 2 ... ak )2 ak2 1
a1
a2
...
xk xk 1
x1 x 2 ... xk
xk 1
x1
x2
(a1 a 2 ... ak )2 ak2 1 (a1 a 2 ... ak 1 )2
x1 x 2 ... xk
xk 1
x1 x 2 ... xk 1
2
eday
eKTaj)an
ak
ak2 1 (a1 a 2 ... ak ak 1 )2
a1
a2
...
xk
xk
x1 x 2 ... xk xk 1
x1
x2
2
naM[ Tk 1 0 Bit .
dUcenH ax ax ... ax
2
n
n
(a1 a 2 ... an )2
x1 x 2 .... xn
- Page 148 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI88
eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
3
?
3
3
3
a ( b c ) b (c a ) c (a b ) 2
eKman
T
1
1
1
a 3 ( b c ) b 3 ( c a ) c 3 (a b )
2
1
1
1
1 1 1

a
b
c
a b c
T
a(b c) b(c a ) c(a b ) a(b c) b(c a ) c(a b )
2
1 1 1 ab bc ca
2
(ab bc ca)

abc
a b c
eday
ehIy a(b c) b(c a) c(a b) 2(ab bc ca)
)
3
eKTaj T ab bc2 ca 3 (abc
2
2
dUcenH a3 (b1 c) b3 (c1 a) c3 (a1 b) 32 .
3
- Page 149 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI89
eK[ x ; y ; z 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
x
y
z
1
x 2y 3z y 2z 3x z 2x 3y 2
x
y
z
T
x 2y 3z y 2z 3x z 2x 3y
x2
y2
z2
T 2
2
2
x 2xy 3xz y 2yz 3xy z 2xz 3yz
tag
( x y z )2
T 2
x y 2 z 2 5( xy yz zx )
1
( x y z )2
1
T 2
2 x y 2 z 2 5( xy yz zx ) 2
1 1 ( x y )2 ( y z )2 ( z x )2
T
0
2
2
2
2
2 2 x y z 5( xy yz zx )
1
T
2
x
y
z
1
x 2y 3z y 2z 3x z 2x 3y 2
eK)an
eKTaj)an
dUcenH
- Page 150 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI90
eK[sIVt a1 ; a2 ; ....; an epgpat;lkxN
a1 0 ; | a 2 || a1 1 |; ... nig | an || an 1 1 | .
cUrbgajfa a a n ... a 12 .
eyIgman | an || an 1 1 |
naM[ an 2 an2 1 2an 1 1
n
n1
n 1
2
2
eK)an (ak ) (ak 1 2ak 1 1) (ak 2 2ak 1)
1
k 1
an2 1
n
eKTaj a
k 1
k 1
k 1
k 1
2
2
(a k ) ( a k ) 2 ( a k ) n
k 1
an2 1
2
a1 a 2 ... an
1
n
2
k 1
dUcenH
n
2
- Page 151 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI91
eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCman .
cUrbgajfa
a
b
c
abc
)
1 1 1 2 (1 3
b
c
a
abc
a
b
c
T 1 1 1
b
c
a
a b c b a c
2
b c a a c b
a a a b b b c c c
1
a b c a b c a b c
3a
3b
3c
3
3
3
1
abc
abc
abc
3(a b c)
2(a b c) a b c
1
3
1
3
3
abc
abc
abc
2(a b c)
abc
3
1
2
(
1
)
3
3
abc
abc
b
c
abc
a
)
1 1 1 2 (1 3
b
c
a
abc
tag
dUcenH
- Page 152 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI92
eK[ a ; b ; c CaRbEvgRCugrbs;RtIekaNmYy .
cUrbgajfa
abc bca cab a b c
eday a ; b ; c CaRbEvgRCugrbs;RtIekaNenaHeK)an
a b c 0 ; b c a 0 ;c a b 0
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwartz eK)an

a b c b c a 2 b (1)
a b c c a b 2 a ( 2)
b c a c a b 2 c ( 3)
bUkvismPaB (1) ; (2) nig (3) eKTTYl)an

2( a b c b c a c a b ) 2( a b c )
dUcenH
abc bca cab a b c
- Page 153 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI93
eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanmMukgCamMuRsYc . cUrbgajfa
sin 2 A sin 2 B sin 2 C 2 3 sin A sin B sin C .
tamRTwsIbTsIunUs
a
b
c
2R R :kaMrgVg;carwkeRkARtIekaN
sin A sin B sin C
eKTaj
a 2R sin A
b 2R sin B
c 2R sin C
(I )
tamRTwsIbTkUsIunUs
a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A ( II )
yk
(I )
CYskg (II ) eK)an
4R 2 sin 2 A 4R 2 sin 2 B 4R 2 sin 2 C 8R 2 sin B sin C cos A

sin 2 A sin 2 B sin 2 C 2 sin B sin C cos A
sin 2 B sin 2 C sin 2 A
cos A
2 sin B sin C
2
sin B sin 2 C sin 2 A
cot A
(1)
2 sin B sin C sin A
sin 2 C sin 2 A sin 2 B
cot B
( 2)
2 sin C sin A sin B
sin 2 A sin 2 B sin 2 C
cot C
( 3)
2 sin A sin B sin C
eKTaj
ehtuenH
dUcKaEdr
ehIynwg
- Page 154 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
bUkTMnak;TMng (1) ; (2) nig (3) eKTTYl)an
cot A cot B cot C
( 4)
2 sin A sin B sin C
ABC AB C
b
ma:geToteKman
eK)an tan( A B) tan( C)
tan A tan B
tan C
1 tan A tan B
tan A tan B tan C tan A tan B tan C
eKTaj
KuNGgTaMgBIrnwg cot A cot B cot C eK)an
cot A cot B cot B cot C cot C cot A 1

AM GM
x; y;z0
tamvismPaB
eKman
cMeBaHRKb;
x 2 y 2 2xy
2
2
y z 2yz
2
2
z x 2zx
eK)an 2(x y z ) 2(xy yz zx)

b
x y z xy yz zx
EfmGgTaMgBIrnwg 2xy 2yz 2zx eK)an
2
( x y z )2 3( xy yz zx )
edayyk x cot A ; y cot B ; z cot C

eK)an (cot A cot B cot C) 3
2
- Page 155 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
naM[ cot A cot B cot C 3
tamTMnak;TMng (4) nig (5) eK)an
( 5)

3
2 sin A sin B sin C
sin 2 A sin 2 B sin 2 C 2 3 sin A sin B sin C
dUcenH
- Page 156 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI94
eK[ A ; B ; C CamMukgrbs;RtIekaN ABC mYy .
cUrbgajfa cot A2 cot B2 cot C2 3 3
eKman A B C naM[ A2 B2 2 C2
eK)an tan A2 B2 tan 2 C2
A
B
tan
2
2 cot C
A
B
2
1 tan tan
2
2
tan
A
B
tan
2
2 1
A
B
C
1 tan tan
tan
2
2
2
C
A
B
A
B
tan (tan tan ) 1 tan tan
2
2
2
2
2
C
A
A
B
B
C
tan tan tan tan tan tan 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
A
B
C
cot cot cot
2
2
2
C
A
B
C
A
B
cot cot cot cot cot cot
2
2
2
2
2
2
A B C
0 ; ;
0 A;B;C
2 2 2 2
tan
eK)an
KuNGgTaMgBIrnwg
eday
enaH
- Page 157 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eK)an cot A2 0 ; cot B2 0 ; cot C2 0
A
B
C
A
B
C
cot cot 3 3 cot cot cot
2
2
2
2
2
2
C
A
B
C
A
B
cot cot cot 3 3 cot cot cot
2
2
2
2
2
2
cot
A
B
C
A
B
C
cot cot cot 27 cot cot cot

2
2
2
2
2
2
A
B
C
cot cot cot 3 3
2
2
2
dUcenH
- Page 158 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI95
eK[ A ; B ; C CamMuRsYckgrbs;RtIekaN ABC mYy .
cUrbgajfa (1 tan A)(1 tan B)(1 tan C) (1 3 ) .
eday A ; B ; C CamMuRsYcenaH tan A 0; tan B 0; tan C 0
tamvismPaB AM GM RKb; x 0 ; y 0 ; z 0 eKman
3
(1 x )(1 y )(1 z ) 1 ( x y z ) ( xy yz zx ) xyz

(1 x )(1 y )(1 z ) 1 3 3 xyz 3 3 x 2 y 2 z 2 xyz
(1 x )(1 y )(1 z ) (1 3 xyz )3
yk x tan A ; y tan B ; z tan C eK)an

(1 tan A )(1 tan B)(1 tan C) (1 tan A tan B tan C )3
tan A tan B
tan( A B ) tan( C)
tan C
1 tan A tan B
tan A tan B tan B tan A tan B tan C
eKman
eKTaj
x y z xyz
x y z 3 3 xyz
xyz 3 3 xyz
eKTaj xyz 3 3 b tan A tan B tan C 3 3

eK)an (1 tan A)(1 tan B)(1 tan B) (1 3 3 3 )3
dUcenH (1 tan A)(1 tan B)(1 tan C) (1 3 ) .
3
- Page 159 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI96
eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsayfa
(a 2)(b 2)(c 2) 9(ab bc ca) .
2
a 2 tan A
A , B , C]0 ; [
b 2 tan B
2
c 2 tan C
2
2
2
a
2
2
(
1
tan
A
)
cos 2 A
2
2
2
b
2
2
(
1
tan
B
)
cos 2 B
2
2
2
c
2
2
(
1
tan
C
)
cos 2 C
8
(a 2 2)(b 2 2)(c 2 2)
cos 2 A cos 2 B cos 2 C
T ab bc ca
eRCIserIs
Edl
eK)an
naM[
tag
T 2(tan A tan B tan B tan C tan C tan A )

2(sin A sin B cos C sin B sin C cos A sin C sin A cos B )
T
cos A cos B cos C
2 [ cos A cos B cos C cos( A B C) ]
cos A cos B cos C
vismPaB (1) smmUlnwg
8
18 [cos A cos B cos C cos( A B C)]
cos A cos B cos C

cos 2 A cos 2 B cos 2 C
- Page 160 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj)an
cos A cos B cos C cos A cos B cos C cos( A B C)
tag A B3 C .
tamvismPaB AM GM nig Jensen eyIg)an
4
9
cos A cos B cos C

3
cos A cos B cos C
cos
3
4
cos 3 (cos 3 cos 3)
9
cos 3 4 cos 3 3 cos
4
cos 3 ( 3 cos 3 cos 3 )
9
4
cos4 (1 cos 2 )
27
AM GM
eKTaj
eday
eK)an
tamvismPaB
eK)an
cos 2 cos 2
2
1
cos
2
2
cos cos
2
.
.(1 cos 2 ) 2
3
2
2
4
cos4 (1 cos 2 )
27
(a 2 2)(b 2 2)(c 2 2) 9(ab bc ca)
naM[
dUcenH
Bit .
Bit.
- Page 161 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI97
RbsinebI xyx (1 x)(1 y )(1 z ) Edl 0 x ; y ; z 1
cUrbgajfa x(1 z ) y(1 x) z(1 y ) 43 .
eKman (x 12 ) x x 14 0 cMeBaHRKb; x
eKTaj x(1 x) 14 eday 0 x 1 enaHeKTaj)an
1
0 x(1 x ) . RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
4
1
1
0 y (1 y )
0 z(1 z )
ni
g
4
4
eyIg)an xyz(1 x)(1 y )(1 z ) 641
eday xyz (1 x)(1 y )(1 z ) enaH xyz 641 naM[ xyz 18 .
tag T x(1 z ) y(1 x) z(1 y )
2
( x y z ) ( xy yz xz)
eday xyz (1 x)(1 y )(1 z )

b (x y z ) (xy yz zx) 1 2xyz
eKTaj T 1 2xyz 1 2 18 43 Bit

dUcenH
x(1 z ) y (1 x ) z(1 y )
3
4
- Page 162 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI98
eK[ a ; b ; c CaRbEvgRCugrbs;RtIekaNmYyEdlman
brimaRtesI 2 .
cUrRsayfa 32 a b c 2abc 2 .
edaybrimaRtrbs;RtIekaNenHesI 2 enaHRCugTaMgbI a ; b ; c
rbs;RtIekaNsuTEttUcCag 1 .
eyIg)an S 12 bc sin A 12
tamrUbmnehrug S p(p a)(p b)(p c) eday p 1
enaH S (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 12
eKTaj 0 (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 14
b 0 1 (a b c) (ab bc ca) abc 14
b 0 1 2 (ab bc ca) abc 14
b 1 (ab bc ca) abc 54
b 2 2(ab bc ca) 2abc 52
eKman (a b c) a b c 2(ab bc ca)
2
- Page 163 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj
a 2 b 2 c 2 2abc (a b c)2 2abc 2(ab bc ca)
a 2 b 2 c 2 2abc 4 2(ab bc ca) 2abc
5
2 2(ab bc ca) 2abc
2
5
4 a 2 b 2 c 2 2abc 4 2
2
3
a 2 b 2 c 2 2abc 2
2
eday
eK)an
dUcenH
- Page 164 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI99
eK[ x ; y ; z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl x y z 1 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 1x 1 y1 1 1z 1 8 .
1
(1 x )(1 y )(1 z )
1
1
1 1 1
xyz
x
y
z
1 x y z
xyz 1
1 y x z
1 z x y
eKman
eday
naM[
x )( x y )
eK)an 1x 1 y1 1 1z 1 (y z )(zxyz
y z 2 yz ; z x 2 zx nig x y 2 xy
eK)an (y z )(z x)(x y ) 8xyz
x )( x y )
8
naM[ (y z )(zxyz
dUcenH
1
1
1 1 1 8
x
y
z
- Page 165 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI100
eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c
1
1
1
2(a 3 b 3 c 3 )
bgajfa a2 b2 c2 3
abc
2
1
1
1
a3 b 3 c3
T 2 2 2 3 2.
abc
a
b
c
a2 b 2 c2 1
tag
eday
enaHeKTaj
1
b 2 c2 1
a2 c2 1
a2 b2
1
; 2 1
; 2 1
2
2
2
a
a
b
b
c
c2
eFIVviFIbUksmPaBTaMgenHeK)an
1
1
1
1
1
1 2 1
2 1
2 1
3
a
b
c
2
2
2
a2 b 2 c2
c2
a2
b2
b
c
a
kenSam T Gacsresr
1
1
1 2 1
1 a2 b 2 c2
2 1
T a 2 2 b 2 2 c 2 2 2

c
a
b bc ca ab
b
c
a
2
1 1
1 1
1 1
a b 2 c2 0
b c
c a
a b
1
1
1
2(a 3 b 3 c 3 )
3
abc
a2 b 2 c2
dUcenH
- Page 166 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI101
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a2
2a 2 ab b 2
b2
2b 2 bc c2
c2
2c2 ca a 2
abc
2
ebI a b c enaHvismPaBxagelIkaCasmPaB .
x2
RKb; x 0
eyIgBinitGnuKmn_ f (x) 2
2x x 1
vismPaBxagelIsmmUl bf ( ba ) cf ( bc ) af ( ac ) a b2 c
.
edIm,IRsaybBaak;vismPaBenHeyIgRtUvkMNt;GnuKmn_lIenEGmYyEdl
f ( x ) x (*) ehIy nig CaBIrcMnYnBitEdlbMeBjlkxN (*)
BitcMeBaHRKb; x 0 .
edaysaEtvismPaBBitcMeBaH a b c enaHeyIgnwgkMNt;rk nig
EdleFIV[ExSekag (c) : y f (x) b:Hnwg (d) : y x Rtg; x 1
eBalKWRtUv[ f (1) nig f ' (1) .
eday f (1) 12 enaH 12
eKman f ' (x)
2x 2x 2 2x 1
4x 1
2 2x 2 2x 1
2x 2 2x 1
.x 2
- Page 167 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
5
11
11
eK)an f ' (1) 4 4 16
enaH 16
ehIy 12 163
11x 3
x2
11x 3
ehtuenH f (x) 16 b 2
(**)
16
2x x 1
-ebI 0 x 113 enaHvismPaB (**) BitCaniceRBaHGgTI1CakenSamviCman
CanicRKb; x 0 ehIyGgTIBIrGviCman .
-ebI x 113 enaHvismPaB (**) Gacsresr
2
2
2
2
2
x
(
11
x
3
)
(
x
1
)
(
14
x
39x 9)

0
2
2
256
256( 2x x 1)
2x 2x 1
vaBitcMeBaHRKb; x 113 eRBaH 14x2 39x 9 0 .
tam (**) eKCMnYs x eday ba , bc , ac eK)an
a
b
c 11a 3b 11b 3c 11c 3a
bf ( ) cf ( ) af ( )
b
c
a
16
8a 8b 8c a b c
Bit
16
2
4
dUcenH
a2
2a 2 ab b 2
b2
2b 2 bc c2
c2
2c2 ca a 2
abc
2
- Page 168 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI102
eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
29a 3 b 3 29b 3 c3 29c3 a 3
4(a b c)
2
2
2
ab 6a
bc 6b
ca 6c
29x 3 1
eyIgBinitGnuKmn_ f (x)
RKb; x 0
2
x 6x
vismPaBxagelIsmmUl bf ( ba ) cf ( bc ) af ( ac ) 4(a b c)
BitcMeBaHRKb; x 0 .
1
eKman f (1) 29
4 enaH 4
1 6
87 x 2 ( x 6x 2 ) (1 12x )( 29x 3 1)
ehIy f ' (x)
( x 6x 2 )2
eK)an f ' (1) 87 7 213 28 87 7 52 5 enaH 5
7
ehIy 4 4 5 1 .
- Page 169 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
29x 3 1
eK)anvismPaB
5x 1 (**)
2
x 5x
29x 3 1
( x 1)2 ( x 1)
eKman
(5x 1)
0 x 0
2
x
(
1
6
x
)
x 6x
naM[vismPaB (**) BitCanicRKb; x 0 .

edayCMnYs x ba , bc , ac kg (**) eK)an
a
b
c
bf ( ) cf ( ) af ( ) (5a b ) (5b c) (5c a )
a
b
c
4a 4b 4c
4(a b c)
29a 3 b 3 29b 3 c3 29c3 a 3
4(a b c)
dUcenH
2
2
2
ab 6a
bc 6b
ca 6c
- Page 170 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI103
eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;vismPaB
a3
b3
c3
abc
.
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
a ab b
b bc c
c ca a
x3
eyIgBinitGnuKmn_ f (x) 2
RKb; x 0
x x1
vismPaBxagelIsmmUl bf ( ba ) cf ( bc ) af ( ac ) a b3 c .
BitcMeBaHRKb; x 0 .
eKman f (1) 13 enaH 1 b 1
3x 2 ( x 2 x 1) x 3 ( 2x 1)
ehIy f ' (x)
( x 2 x 1)2
eK)an f (1) 9 9 3 23 naM[ 23 ehIy 1 23 13 .
x3
2x 1
eK)anvismPaB 2
(**)
3
x x1
- Page 171 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKman
x3
2x 1 ( x 1)2 ( x 1)
0
2
2
3
x x1
3( x x 1)
RKb; x 0
enaHmannyfavismPaB (**) BitCanicRKb; x 0 .

edayCMnYs x ba , bc , ac kg (**) eK)an
a
b
c 2a b 2b c 2c a
bf ( ) cf ( ) af ( )
b
c
a
3
abc
Bit
3
dUcenH
a3
b3
c3
abc
.
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
a ab b
b bc c
c ca a
- Page 172 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI104 Turkey 2007
eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a b c 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1
1
ab 2c2 2c bc 2a 2 2a ca 2b 2 2b ab bc ca
CadMbUgeyIgnwgRsayfa
1
ab
ab 2c2 2c (ab bc ca)2
smmUl (ab bc ca)2 ab(ab 2c2 2c)

smmUl b2c2 c2a2 2abc(a b c) 2abc2 2abc
eday a b c 1 enaH b2c2 c2a2 2abc 2abc2 2abc
smmUl b2c2 c2a2 2abc2 c2 (a b)2 0 Bit
1
ab
(1)
ehtuenH
2
2
ab 2c 2c (ab bc ca)
1
bc
( 2)
2
2
bc 2a 2a (ab bc ca)
1
ca
( 3)
2
2
ca 2b 2b (ab bc ca)

1
1
1
1
ab 2c 2 2c bc 2a 2 2a ca 2b 2 2b ab bc ca
- Page 173 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI105
eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanRCug BC a , CA b , AB c
ehIymMukg A , B , C CamMuRsYcbmMuEkg .
tag S CapRkLan ABC
cUrRsaybBaak;fa 14 14 14 9 2 .
a
16 S
eKman S2 p(p a)(p b)(p c) Edl p a b2 c

tag x b2 c2 a2 , y c2 a2 b2 , z a2 b2 c2
Edl x , y , z 0 nig minGacmanBIrsUnRBmKa .
eK)an x y 2c2 , y z 2a2 , z x 2b2
ehIy 16S2 (a b c)(b c a)(c a b)(a b c)
4b 2c 2 (b 2 c 2 a 2 )2
( x y )( z x ) x 2 xy yz zx
vismPaB 14 14 14 9 2 GacbEmgeTACa
a
b
c
16 S
4
4
4
9
( x y )2 ( y z )2 ( z x )2 xy yz zx
1
1
1
9
( xy yz zx ) [
]
4
( x y )2 ( y z )2 ( z x )2
tamlkNHGUm:UEsneKGaceRCIserIsyk xy yz zx 1 enaHivsmPaB
- Page 174 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
xagelIsmmUl 4 (x y )2 (x z )2 9(x y )2 (y z )2 (x z )2
cyc
eday (x y )(x z ) x2 xy xz yz x2 1
ehIy (x y )(y z )(x z ) (x2 1)(y z )
x2 (y z ) y z
x( xy xz) y z
x(1 yz ) y z
x y z xyz
eK)an 4 (x2 1)2 9(x y z xyz)2

cyc
4[( x 2 1)2 ( y 2 1)2 ( z 2 1)2 ] 9( x y z xyz )2
4[(x4 y 4 z 4 ) 2(x2 y 2 z 2 ) 3] 9(x y z xyz)2 (*)
tag S x y z nig P xyz

Edl S a2 b2 c2 0 nig P 0 eRBaH x , y , z 0 .
eK)an S2 (x y z )2 x2 y 2 z 2 2
ehIy (S2 2)2 x4 y 4 z 4 2(x2y 2 y 2z 2 y 2z 2 )
eday xy yz xz 1 enaH (xy yz xz)2 1
b x2y 2 y 2z 2 x2z 2 2xyz(x y z ) 1
b x2y 2 y 2z 2 x2z 2 1 2S P
enaH (S2 2)2 x4 y 4 z 4 2(1 2S P)
- Page 175 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
naM[ x4 y 4 z 4 S4 4S2 4SP 2
vismPaB (*) xagelIsmmUl
4(S 4 4S 2 4SP 2 2S 2 4 3) 9(S P )2
4(S 4 2S 2 4SP 1) 9(S P )2
4S 4 8S 2 16SP 4 9(S P )2
9S 2 (4S 2 1)(S 2 4) 16SP 9(S P )2 (**)
-cMeBaH S 2 eKman (4S2 1)(S2 4) 16SP 0

naM[vismPaB (**) Bit
eRBaH 9S2 (4S2 1)(S2 4) 16SP 9S2 9(S P)2 .
-cMeBaH 0 S 2 vismPaB (**) Gacsresr
9S 2 ( 4S 2 1)(S 2 4) 16SP 9S 2 18SP 9P 2
(4S 2 1)(S 2 4) 34SP 9P 2 0
tag T (4S2 1)(S2 4) 34SP 9P 2

eyIgnwgRsayfa T 0 .
eKman (x y z )(xy yz xz) 9xyz tam AM GM
eday xy yz zx 1 enaH S 9P
ehIy T (4S2 1)(S2 4) P(S 9P ) 33SP
eK)an T (4S2 1)(S2 4) 33SP
- Page 176 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tamvismPaB Schur eKman x2 (x y )(x z ) 0
cyc
eday x2 (x y )(x z ) x4 x2yz x3 (y z )

eK)an ( x4 ) xyz ( x) x3 (y z )
cyc
cyc
cyc
eday (x4 ) S4 4S2 4SP 2
, xyz x SP
cyx
cyc
nig x3 (y z ) x2 (xy xz) x2 (1 yz )

cyc
cyc
cyc
2
x2 xyz x S
cyc
2 SP
cyc
eK)an S4 4S2 5SP 2 S2 SP 2

6SP S 4 5S 2 4
6SP (4 S 2 )(S 2 1)
ehtuenH T (4S2 1)(S2 4) 112 6SP
11
T (4S 2 1)(S 2 4) (4 S 2 )(S 2 1)
2
3
T (4 S 2 )(S 2 3)
2
eday 0 S 2 enaH 4 S2 0
ehIy S2 (x y z )2 3(xy yz zx) 3 enaH S2 3 0

- Page 177 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj)an T 32 (4 S2 )(S2 3) 0 Bit .
srubmkeK)an (xy yz zx) [
dUcenH
1
1
1
9
4 4
4
a
b
c
16 S 2
1
1
1
9
]
2
2
2
4
(x y )
(y z )
( z x)
smal; ehtuGIV)anCakgkarRsaybBaak;vismPaB
( xy yz zx ) [
1
1
1
9
(*)
2
2
2
4
(x y )
(y z )
( z x)
eKGaceRCIserIsyk xy yz zx 1 ?
eRBaHfaebIeKyk xy yz zx t 2 0
ehIytag x t.u , y t.v , z t. w enaHvismPaB (*) smmUl
9
1
1
1
t
2
2
2
(tv tw )
(tw tu ) 4
(tu tv )
9
1
1
1
2
2
2
t 2
2
2
2
t (v w)
t (w u) 4
t (u v )
1
1
1
9
(**)
2
2
2
4
(u v )
(v w)
(w u)
2
mannyfavismPaB (**) dUcKanwgvismPaB (*) eBl xy yz zx 1 .

- Page 178 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI106>
cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
4
( x y )2 ( y z )2 ( z x )2 xy yz zx
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCmanxusKa x , y , z .
eday x , y , z CacMnYnBitxusKa nig minGviCmanenaHeKGacsntyk
zyx0 .
tag A 1 2 1 2 1 2
(x y )
(y z )
(z x)
nig B xy yz zx .
yk y x p , z x p q Edl p 0 , q 0
eK)an A 12 12 1 2
p
(p q )
nig B x(x p) (x p)(x p q) x(x p q)

3x 2 2( 2p q )x p 2 pq
edaysarEt x 0 enaH B p2 pq p(p q)

1
1
1
eK)an A B 2 2
p(p q )
2
p
(p q )
- Page 179 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
p q p( p q )
p
p
pq
q2
q
q p(p q )
1
pq
p
q2
q
q
p( p q )
)
2(
p pq
q2
q2
p(p q )
2
p(p q )
q2
q2
p( p q )
q2
eday p(p q) 2 2 p(p q) . p(p 2 q) 2
q
q
eKTaj)an A B 2 2 4 naM[ A B4
1
1
1
4
dUcenH
.
2
2
2
xy
yz
zx
(x y )
(y z )
(z x)
3x 2 2( 2p q )x 0
vismPaBenHkayCasmPaBluHRtaEt
p(p q ) q 2
eKTaj)an x 0 nig p(p q) q2 ehIy y p , z p q
enaH z y q tam p(p q) q2 eKTaj)an yz (z y )2

naM[ z 2 3yz y 2 0 eday z y enaH z 3 5 1
y
- Page 180 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI107
1
1
cUrbgajfa 1 1 1 1
1
1
a b c d
ac bd
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c , d .
eKman
X
nig
1
1 1
a b
Y
1
1 1
c d
1
ab
cd
abc abd acd bcd
ab cd
(a b )(c d )
(a c)(b d )
abcd
1
1
ac bd
(a c)(b d ) abc abd acd bcd
YX
abcd
(a b )(c d )
eK)an
bnab;BItRmUvPaKrYm rYcsRmYleK)an
(ad bc )2
0 naM[ Y X
YX
(a b )(c d )(a b c d )
dUcenH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .
ac bd
a b c d
- Page 181 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI108 (USAMO 2003)
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
8
2
2
2
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
rebobTI1
tag
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
T 2
2
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )2
yk s a b c enaHkenSam T Gacsresr
(a s )2
(b s ) 2
(c s )2
T 2
2
2
2
2
2a (a s )
2b (b s )
2c (c s )2
eKman
(a s )2
a 2 2as s 2
2
2
2
2a (a s )
3a 2as s 2
1 3a 2 6as 3s 2
. 2
3 3a 2as s 2
1
8as 2s 2
(1 2
)
2
3
3a 2as s
(a s )2
1
8as 2s 2
1
8as 2s 2

2
2
2
2
3
3 ( 3a s )2 2s 2
2a (a s )
9a 6as 3s
eday (3a s)2 0 enaH (3a s)2 2s2 2s2

4a
4a
8as 2s 2
8as 2s 2
b
1
1
2
2
2
abc
s
( 3a s ) 2s
2s
- Page 182 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
eKTaj
(a s )2
4
4a
(1)
2
2
3 abc
2a (a s )
RsaybMPWdUcKaxagelIEdreK)an
(b s )2
4
4b
( 2)
2
2
3 abc
2b (b s )
(c s )2
4
4c
( 3)
2
2
3 abc
2c (c s )
4 4 4 4a 4b 4c

44 8
3 3 3
abc
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
dUcenH 2
2
2
8
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
T
rebobTI2
tag
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
T 2
2
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )2
yk x a b , y b c , z c a
eK)an
x z 2a b c
x y 2b c a
z y 2c a b
kenSam T GacsresrCa
nig
2a x z y
2b x y z
2c z y x
- Page 183 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
2( x z )2
2( z y )2
2( y x )2
T
2
2
2
2
( x z y ) 2y
( z y x ) 2x
( y x z )2 2z 2
tamvismPaB Cauchy Schwarz 2(u2 v 2 ) (u v )2

eK)an 2( x z y )2 2y 2 ( x z y y )2 (x z )2
2( x z y )2 4y 2 ( x z )2 2y 2
1
( x z y )2 2y 2 ( x z )2 y 2
2
4
2( x z )2
2( x z )2
eKTaj
( x z y )2 2y 2 1 ( x z )2 y 2
2y 2
1
2
( x z )2
2y 2
y2
2
2
2
2
eday (x z ) 2(x z ) naM;[
2
(x z)
x z2
2y 2
x2 y 2 z 2
1
2
(x z )
x2 z 2
eKTaj)an
2( x z )2
4( x 2 z 2 )
(1)
2
2
2
2
2
( x z y ) 2y
x y z
RsaybMPWdUcxagelIEdreK)an
- Page 184 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
2( z y )2
4( z 2 y 2 )
2
( 2)
2
2
2
2
( z y x ) 2x
x y z
2( y x )2
4( y 2 x 2 )
2
( 3)
2
2
2
2
( y x z ) 2z
x y z

4( x 2 z 2 ) 4( z 2 y 2 ) 4( y 2 x 2 )
T
8
2
2
2
x y z
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
dUcenH 2
2
2
8
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
rebobTI3
tag
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
T 2
2
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )2
eKmansmPaB (2u v )2 2(u v )2 3(2u2 v 2 )

edayyk u a nig v b c enaHeK)an
( 2a b c)2 2(a b c)2 3 2a 2 (b c)2
b (2a b c)2 3 2a2 (b c)2 2(a b c)2

EckGgTaMgBIrnwg 2a2 (b c)2 eK)an
2(a b c)2
( 2a b c)2
eyIg)an 2
3 2
2
2
2a (b c)
2a (b c)
kenSam T GacbMElgCa
- Page 185 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
(a b c )2
(b a c ) 2
(c a b )2
2
2
T 92 2
2
2
2
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
2a (b c)
edIm,IRsayfa T 8 eyIgRtUvRsay[eXIjfa
(a b c )2
(b a c ) 2
(c a b )2
1
S 2
2a (b c)2 2b 2 (c a )2 2c2 (a b )2 2
eKman 2a2 (b c)2 2a2 b2 c2 2bc

eday 2bc b2 c2 enaH 2a2 (b c)2 2(a2 b2 c2 )
RsaydUcKaEdr 2b2 (c a)2 2(a2 b2 c2 )
ehIy 2c2 (a b)2 2(a2 b2 c2 )
(a b c )2 (b a c )2 (c a b ) 2
eKTaj S
2
2
2
2(a b c )
edaykenSam (a b c)2 (b a c)2 (c a b)2

esInwg 3(a2 b2 c2 ) 2(ab bc ca)
enaH S 32 ab2 bc2 ca2
a b c
a2 b 2 b 2 c2 c2 a2
eKman 2 2 2 ab bc ca
b a2 b2 c2 ab bc ca naM[ S 32 1 12 Bit .
- Page 186 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
rebobTI4
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
Rsayfa 2
2
2
8
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
tag x b a c , y c b a , z a c b
Edl
1
1
1
a
b
c
1
x1 y 1 z1 abc abc abc
vismPaBsmmUl
( 2 x )2 ( 2 y )2 ( 2 z )2
8
2
2
2
2 x
2 y
2 z
( 2 u )2 8
1
1
eyIgnwgRsayfa
RKb; u 0
2
3
1
u
3
2u
( 2 u )2 8
1
1
(u 5)(u 2)2
0 Bit
eKman

2
2
3
1
u
3
2u
3( 2 u )(1 u )
( 2 u )2
1
1 8
(*)
2
1 u 3 3
2u
ehtuenH
tam (*) eK)an
( 2 x )2 ( 2 y )2 ( 2 z )2
1
1
1
1 8
2
2
2
1
x
1
y
1
z
2 x
2 y
2 z
dUcenH
( 2a b c)2
( 2b c a )2
( 2c a b )2
8
2
2
2
2
2
2
2a (b c)
2b (c a )
2c (a b )
- Page 187 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI109 ( Baltic Way 2010 )
0
x
x
CacM
n
Y
n
Bi
t
edaydw
g
fa
.
eKyk
2
cUrbgajfa cos2 (x) cot(x) sin2 (x) tan(x) 1 .
x
sin x
tan x
edayCMnYs cot x cos
ni
g
vi
s
mPaBsmmU
l
sin x
cos x
cos 3 x sin 3 x
1 ehIy sin x 0 , cos x 0 x (0, )

sin x
cos x
2
cos 3 x cos 3 x
sin 2 x 3 cos2 x
sin x
sin x
cos 3 x 3 cos 2 x sin 2 x
b sin x
(1)
2
sin 3 x sin 3 x
ehIy cos x cos x cos2 x 3 sin2 x
sin 3 x 3 sin 2 x cos 2 x
( 2)
b cos x
2
bUkvismPaB (1) nig (2) GgnigGgeK)an
cos 3 x sin 3 x
cos 2 x sin 2 x 1 Bit

sin x
cos x
dUcenH cos2 (x) cot(x) sin2 (x) tan(x) 1 .
- Page 188 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI110 (China National Olympiad 2005)
21
nigcMeBaH n 2 : 2an 3an1 n31
sIVt {an } kMNt;eday a1 16
2
eKyk m CacMnYnKt;mYyEdl m 2 . cUrbgajfacMeBaH n m
n ( m 1)
m2 1
3
2 m
eyIg)an an n 3 m 3
mn1 ?
1
n ( m 1)
m2 1
3 m
2 m
bgajfa an n 3 m 3
mn1
eKman 2an 3an 1 n31

2
naM[ 2n an 3.2n 1 an 1 43
n
n 1
2
2
b 3 an 3 an 1 43 1n

3
k 1
n 2 k
3 n 1

2
eK)an 3 ak 3 ak 1 4 k

k 2
k 2 3

n 1
1
1
n
2
2
3
1

3
an a1 2 .
1
3
4 3
3
1
3
1
m
- Page 189 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
n
2 21 1
1
2
an . 1 n 1
3 16 8
3
3
n
n
3
3
3
3
eKTaj)an an 2 n 3 b an n 3 2

2
2
1
n ( m 1)
tag P an n3 3 m m 23 m
n
n ( m 1)
3 m
2 m
eK)an P 2 m 3
1)
m2 1
m 1
eKman m n 1 (m(m 1)(1m

n
)n
1
m1
m2 1
edIm,IRsay[eXIjfa P m n 1
n
eyIgRtUvRsay[eXIjfa (1 m 1) P m 1
tamvismPaB Bernoully eKman
n
n
1 n m
1
1
)
(1

1
m1
m1
m 1
1
- Page 190 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
mn
naM[ 1 mn 1 1 1 11
1
(1 )m
m
m
cMeBaHRKb; m 2 tameTVFajtun eKman
1
1
m
enaH 1 m1
1 1
1 2
1
Cm 2 Cm
.... m Cm
m
m
m
m
1
1 2 5 1
9 3
1 C1m 2 Cm

m
2 2m 4 2
m
eKTaj)an 1 mn 1
2n
2m
eKTaj 1 mn 1 P 3
2n
2n
2 m
n

m 1 3
n ( m 1)
Et P 2 m 23 m

n
n
( m 1)
n
2
2
eK)an (1 m 1) P 3 m m 3 m

n
n
( m 1)
2 m
2 m
]bmafa 3 m 3
m 1 Bit

n
3 m
- Page 191 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
n
2 m
edaytag u 3 enaH u(m um 1 ) m 1

smmUl mu um m 1 0
m(u 1) (um 1) 0
(u 1)[m (um 1 .... u 1)] 0
n
2 m
eday m n & m 2 enaH 0 u 3 1

naM[ (u 1)[m (um 1 .... u 1)] 0 Bit
dUcenH a 3 m 2 m 1 .
n ( m 1)
m
1
m
2n 3
mn1
- Page 192 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI111> (Croatia Team Selection Tests 2011)
eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 3 .
a2
b2
c2
3
2
2
2
2
ab
bc
ca
a2
a(a b 2 ) ab 2
ab 2
eKman
a
(1)
2
2
2
ab
ab
ab
b2
bc 2
c2
ca2
dUcKaEdr 2 b 2 (2) ; 2 c 2 (3)
bc
bc
ca
ca
a2
b2
c2
tag S 2 2 2 . bUkvismPaB (1), (2) & ( 3)
ab
bc
ca
ab 2
bc 2
ca2
eK)an S 3 ( 2 2 2 )
ab
bc
ca
edIm,IRsayfa S 32 enaHeyIgnwgRsayfa
ab 2
bc 2
ca2
3 3
.
3
S
3
2
2
2
2 2
ab
bc
ca
2ab 2
2
tamvismPaB AM GM eKman a b 2b a b a
ab 2
b a
a c
bc 2
c b ca2
eKTaj
ehI
y
,
2
2
2 c a2
a b2
b c2
ab 2
bc 2
ca2
1
(a c b a c b ) (*)
ehtuenH
2
2
2
2
ab
bc
ca
- Page 193 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
(a c b a c b )2 (a b c)(ab bc ca )
(a c b a c b )2 3(ab bc ca)
ehIy (ab bc ca)2 (a2 b2 c2 )(b2 c2 a2 )

(ab bc ca)2 (a 2 b 2 c2 )2
ab bc ca a 2 b 2 c2
ab bc ca (a b c)2 2(ab bc ca)
3(ab bc ca) (a b c)2 9
eKTaj (a c b a c b )2 3(ab bc ca) 9

naM[ a c b a c b 3 (**)
tamvismPaB (*) & (**) eKTaj)an
ab 2
bc 2
ca2
3
Bit
2
2
2
2
ab
dUcenH
bc
ca
a2
b2
c2
3
a b 2 b c2 c a2 2
- Page 194 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI112 (Greece National Olympiad 2007)
eK[ a , b , c CaRCugrbs;RtIekaNmYy . cUrRsayfa
( c a b ) 4 ( a b c )4 ( b c a ) 4
ab bc ca
a(a b c) b(b c a ) c(c a b )
( c a b )4
a(a b c) 2(c a b )2
a( a b c )
( c a b )4
eKTaj a(a b c) 2(c a b)2 a(a b c)
( c a b )4
a 2 2b 2 2c2 5ac 5ab 4bc (1)
a( a b c )
b
RsaydUcKaEdreK)an
( a b c )4
2a 2 b 2 2c2 5ab 5bc 4ac ( 2)
b(b c a )
( b c a )4
2a 2 2b 2 c2 5bc 5ac 4ab ( 3)
c(c a b )
bUkvismPaB (1) ,
( 2) & ( 3)
eK)an
S 5(a 2 b 2 c2 ) 4(ab bc ca) ab bc ac
dUcenH
Bit
(c a b)4 (a b c)4 (b c a)4

S
ab bc ca
a(a b c) b(b c a) c(c a b)
- Page 195 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI113 (IMO Longlists 1980)
eKkMNt;cMnYn a0 , a1 , a2 , ...., an dUcxageRkam
1
ak 2
a 0 ; ak 1 ak
( n 1 , k 0 , 1 , 2 , ...., n 1 )
2
n
cUrbgajfa 1 n1 an 1 .
ak 2 a k (n a k )
eKman ak 1 ak n n
eK)an a 1 a (an n) a1 a 1 n
k 1
k k
k
k
b a 1 n a1 a 1
k
k
k 1
n 1
n 1 1
1
ehtuenH a n ( a a 1 ) a1 a1 2 a1 (*)
k 0 k
k 0 k
k 1
0
n
n
1
eKman a0 2 0 Bit . ]bmafa ak 0 Bit
ak 2
tam ak 1 ak n eKTaj)an ak 1 0 Bit
dUcenH ak 0 enaH ak n n b a 1 n n1 , n 1
k
n 1
n 1 1
1
eK)an a n n n1 n1 ... n1 nn 1
k 0 k
k 0
(n )
- Page 196 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tam (*) eKTaj)an 2 a1
naM[ an 1
(i )
ma:geToteday an 1 enaH ak 1 b ak n n 1
b a 1 n n 1 1 RKb; k 0 , 1 , 2 , ...., n 1 .
k
n 1
n 1
1
n
k 0
k 0 n 1 n 1
edayBiniteXIjfaRKb; n 1 eKman n n 1 nn 12 22 0
n 1
n 1
enaHeKTaj)an a 1 n n n 1 nn 12
k 0 k
tam (*) eKTaj)an 2 a1 nn 12
n
b a1 2 nn 12 n n 1 enaH an n n 1 1 n1 (ii )
n
1
(
i
)
&
(
ii
)
eKTaj)an
1
an 1 .
tam
n
dUcenH 1 n1 an 1 .
eK)an
ak n
- Page 197 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI114 ( Malaysia National Olympiad 2010 )
cMeBaHRKb; a , b , c FMCagmYy cUrbgajfa
log a bc logb ca logc ab 4 (logab c log bc a log ca b )
tag A loga bc logb ca logc ab

nig B 4 (logab c logbc a logca b)
ehIyyk x ln a , y ln b , z ln c
cMeBaH a , b , c 1 enaH x , y , z 0
p
tamrUbmnbreKal logq p ln
eK)an
ln q
A
yz zx xy
1 1
1 1
1 1
x( ) y ( ) z ( )
x
y
z
y z
z x
x y
B 4(
z
x
y
4x
4y
4z
xy yz zx yz zx xy
tamvismPaB AB GM RKb; u , v 0 : u v 2 uv
v
4
1 1
4

b (u v )2 4uv b uuv
b
u v u v u v
eKTaj x( y1 1z ) y4xz ; y( 1z 1x ) z4yx ; z( 1x y1 ) x4zy
bUkvismPaBenHeK)an A B Bit .
dUcenH
log a bc logb ca logc ab 4 (logab c log bc a log ca b )
- Page 198 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI115 ( Morocco National Olympiad 2011 )
eKtag , , CargVas;mMukgRtIekaN ABC mYyEdlmanbrimaRt 2p
nigkaMrgVg;carwkeRkA R .
R2
a / cUrRsaybBaak;fa cot cot cot 3 9 . 2 1
p
b / etIeBlNaeTIbeK)ansmPaB ?
2
dMeNaHRsay
R2
a / RsaybBaak;fa cot cot cot 3 9 . 2 1
p
2
eKman
1
1
1
2
2
2
cot
cot
cot
2
2
2
sin sin sin
1
1
1
27 R 2
eyIgnwgRsayfa 2 2 2 2
sin sin sin
p

1
1
1
1 1
1
1 2
(
) (1)
2
2
2
sin sin sin 3 sin sin sin
2
(a 1 a 2 a 3 ) 2
a12 a 2 2 a 3
edayeRbI
b1 b 2 b 3
b1 b 2 b 3
9
eK)an 1 1 1
sin sin sin sin sin sin
- Page 199 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
tamRTwsIbTsIunUsGnuvtn_kg ABC eK)an
a
b
c
abc
2R
eKTaj sin sin sin a b c p
2R
R
9
9R
ehtuenH 1 1 1
( 2)
p
tam (1) & (2) eKTaj)an

1
1
1
1 81R 2 27 R 2
2
2
2
2
sin sin sin 3
p
p2
Bit
R2
dUcenH cot cot cot 3 9 . 2 1 .

p
1
1
1
b / vismPaBenHkayCasmPaBluHRtaEt
sin sin sin
2
eKTaj)an naM[ ABC CaRtIekaNsmgS .
- Page 200 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI116 Japan 1997
eKyk a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
(b c a )2
(c a b )2
(a b c )2 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b ) c
(b c a )2
(c a b ) 2
(a b c ) 2
tag T
2
2
2
2
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b )2 c 2
bc
ca
ab
yk x a , y b , z c
eK)an 1 1 x 1 1 y 1 1 z aa bb cc 1 ehIykenSam T eTACa
( x 1)2 ( y 1)2 ( z 1)2
T 2
2
2
.
x 1
y 1
z 1
ebI x y z 2 eK)an T 53 CakrNIEdlvismPaBkayCasmPaB .
( x 1)2
eyIgsntfamanBIrcMnYnBit a nig b EdlnaM[ 2 x a 1 b Bit
x 1
RKb; x 0 ehIyeday x 1 1 y 1 1 z 1 1 1 enaHedIm,I[ T 53
luHRtaEt ( x a 1 b) ( y a 1 b) ( z a 1 b) 53
naM[ a 3b 53 (*)
ma:geTotedaysmPaBekIteLIgcMeBaH x 2 enaH x 2 CabsDb

- Page 201 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
( x 1)2
rbs;smIkar 2 x a 1 b
x 1
b (x 1)(x 1)2 (x2 1)(a b bx) 0
tag f (x) ( x 1)(x 1)2 (x2 1)(a b bx)

x 2 CabsDbn f ( x ) 0 enaH f ' ( 2) 0
eday f ' (x) (x 1)2 2(x2 1) 2x(a b bx) b(x2 1)
enaH f ' (2) 1 6 4(a 3b) 5b 7 4 53 5b 0
3
54
eKTaj)an b 23
ehI
y
tam
(*) eK)an a 3b
25
5
25
eK)an
( x 1)2 23
54
2
25
25( x 1)
x 1
smmUl
2( x 2)2 ( x 7 )
0 Bit
2
25( x 1)( x 1)
( x 1)2 23
ehtuenH 2 25 25(54
(1)
x
1
)
x 1
( y 1)2 23
54
( z 1)2 23
54
(
2
)
ni
g
( 3)
2
2
y 1 25 25( y 1)
z 1 25 25( z 1)

T
1
1
69 54 15 3
23
54 1
3 (
25
25 x 1 y 1 z 1
25
25 5
dUcenH
(b c a )2
(c a b )2
(a b c )2 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
(b c ) a
(c a ) b
(a b ) c
Bit
- Page 202 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
lMhat;TI117> Iran 1996
eK[bIcMnYnBitminGviCman a , b , c nigminsUnRBmKaBIr .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1 9
(ab bc ca)
(*)
2
2
2
(b c )
(c a ) 4
(a b )
tag x a b c , y ab bc ca , z abc
eKmansmPaB
(a b )(b c)(c a ) (a b c)(ab bc ca) abc
xy z
nig (a b)2 (a c)2 (x2 y )2 4x(xy z )

cyc
( x 2 y )2 4x( xy z ) 9
vismPaB (*) xagelIsmmUl y
2
( xy z )
4
smmUl 4x4y 17x2y 2 4y 3 34xyz 9z 2 0
xy(x3 4xy 9z) y(x4 5x2y 4y2 6xz) z(xy 9z) 0 (**)
tamvismPaB Schur cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman x , y , z eKman

x( x y )( x z ) 0 x3 4xy 9z 0
(1)
cyc
x2 ( x y )( x z ) 0 x4 5x2y 4y 2 6xz 0 ( 2)
cyc
- Page 203 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
(a b c)(ab bc ca ) 9abc xy 9z 0 ( 3)
tam (1), (2) & (3) eKTaj)an (**) Bit .
dUcenH (ab bc ca) 1 2 1

(a b )
1 9
2
2
(b c )
(c a ) 4
- Page 204 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
CMBUkTI3
lMhat;Gnuvtn_
!> eK[ a , b , c , x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl x y z 1 .
cUrbgajfa
ax by cz 2 (ab bc ca)( xy yz zx ) a b c
Ukraine,2001
@> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
a4 a 2b 2 b 4 b 4 b 2c2 c4 c4 c 2a 2 a4
a 2a 2 bc b 2b 2 ca c 2c2 ab
Gazeta Matematica
#> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 2 enaHbgajfa
a3 b 3 c3 a b c b c a c a b .
etIsmPaBekIteLIgenAeBlNa ?
JBMO 2002 Shortlist
$> eK[ a & b CaBIrcMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b 1 .
a2
b2
cUrRsaybBaak;fa a 1 b 1 13
Hungary 1996
- Page 205 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
%> RKb;cMnYnBit x nig y cUrbgajfa
3( x y 1)2 1 3xy
Columbia,2001
^> eK[ x , y (0,1) . bgajfa xy y x 1 ?
&> RKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman a , b cUrRsaybBaak;fa
3
3
a b
a a b ab b a ab b a 2 b 2

2
4
3
2
APMC 1993
*>RKb;cMnYnBit x nig y mansBaadUcKa cUrbgajfa
2xy
x2 y 2
xy
xy
xy
2
2
(>RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsaybBaak;fa
2(a 3 b 3 c 3 ) 9(a b c)2
33
2
2
2
abc
a b c
!0>RKb;cMnYnBit x, y , z 0 cUrbgajfa
3
|x y||y z||zx| x y z
3
3
x , y , z 0 Edl x y z 1 . cUrbgajfa
xyz
!!>eK[
x
y
z
3
1 x
1 y
1 z
2
- Page 206 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!@> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
(a 2b b 2c c2a)(ab 2 bc 2 ca2 ) abc 3 (a 3 abc)(b 3 abc)(c3 abc)
KMO Summer Program Test,2001

!#>eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
a 2 ab b 2 b 2 bc c2 a 2 ac c2
!$> eK[cMnYnBit a , b , c 1 . cUrRsayfa
a 1 b 1 c 1 c(ab 1)
Hongkong 1998
!%>eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsayfa
(a b )(b c)(c a )
ab bc ca
8
3
!^>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
3
1
1
1
1
6b 3 6c 3 6a
a
b
c
abc
IMO Short Lists 2004

!&> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a
b
c
2
bc
ca
ab
Macedonia,1995
- Page 207 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!*>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1
(a 1 )(b 1 )(c 1 ) 1 .
b
c
a
IMO 2000
!(>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

ab
bc
ca
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
a b ab b c bc c a ca
@0>eK[ a , b , c , d 0 cUrRsayfa
a
b
c
d
2
b 2c 3d c 2a 3a d 2a 3b a 2b 3c 3

@!> eK[ a , b , c , d 0 Edl ab bc cd da 1cUrRsayfa
a3
b3
c3
d3
1
bcd cda dab abc 3
@@> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

a 2 bc b 2 ca c2 ab
abc
bc
ca
ab
- Page 208 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
@#> eK[ a , b , c 0 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
1
1
1
2(a 3 b 3 c3 )
2 2 3
2
abc
a
b
c
@$> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a2 b2 c2 3
1
1
1
3
1 ab 1 bc 1 ca 2
@%> eK[ a , b , c 0
. cUrbgajfa
Belarus 1999
Edl a2 b2 c2 1 . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
9
1 ab 1 bc 1 ca 2
@^> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a4 b4 c4 3
1
1
1
1
4 ab 4 bc 4 ca
. cUrbgajfa
Moldova,2005
@&> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a2 b2 c2 1 . cUrbgajfa
a
b
c
3
2
a
a
b
b
c
c
b 2 1 c2 1 a2 1 4
Greece 2002
- Page 209 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
@*> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1 9
(ab bc ca)
2
2
2
(b c )
(c a ) 4
(a b )
Iran 1996
@(> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa

1 3 2
1 1 1
(a b 2 c2 )( ) a b c a 2 b 2 c2
3 3
a b c
Albania 2002
#0> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa

a b c ab bc ca

b c a ca ab bc
Belarus 1997
#!>eK[ x, y , z 0 . cUrbgajfa
xyz
1
4
(1 3x )( x 8y )( y 9z )( z 6) 7
etIsmPaBekIteLIgenAeBlNa ?
#@>ebIcMnYnBit a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 enaHbgajfa
5(a 2 b 2 c2 ) 6(a 3 b 3 c3 ) 1
##> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 1 .

cUrbgajfa ba bc ac a b c .
- Page 210 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
#$>cUrbgajfaebI n 3 ehIy x1 , x2 ,..., xn 0 manplKuNesI 1
enaH 1 x 1 x x 1 x 1 x x ... 1 x 1 x x 1
1
1 2
2 3
n 1
Russia,2001
#%>eK[ a, b, c 0 CamYy a b c 1 . cUrbgajfa
a2 b b 2 c c2 a
2
bc
ca ab
#^>eK[ a , b , c 0 edaydwgfa a4 b4 c4 2(a2b2 b2c2 c2a2 )
cUrbgajfa a2 b2 c2 2(ab bc ca) .

Kvant,1988
#&>
#*>eK[ x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanmanplbUkesI 3 . cUrbgajfa
x y z xy yz zx .
Russia 2002
#(>eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
a3
b3
c3
3(ab bc ca)
a bc
b 2 bc c2 c2 ac a 2 a 2 ab b 2
a, b , c
axby cz 1
$0>eK[cMnYnBitviCman
nig
bgajfa (abc xyz)( ay1 bz1 cx1 ) 3 .
Russia 2002
- Page 211 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
$!> eK[ a, b c CabIcMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
ab
bc
ca
1
(a b c )
a b 2c b c 2a c a 2b 4
$@> eK[bIcMnYnBit a, b, c (0 , 1) Edl ab bc ca 1 .
cUrbgajfa
a
b
c
3 1 a 2 1 b 2 1 c2
2
2
2
4 a
b
c
1 a 1 b
1 c
$#> eK[ x, y , z 1 nig x y z 1 . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
27
1 x 2 1 y 2 1 z 2 10
$$> eK[ x, y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl x2 y 2 z 2 2 .

cUrbgajfa x y z xyz 2
IMO Shortlist 1987
$%>eK[ a , b , c 0 man abc 1 . cUrbgajfa
(a b )(b c)(c a ) 4(a b c 1)
MOSP,2001
$^> cUrbgajfaRKb; a , b , c 0 eKman
(a2 b2 c2 )(a b c)(b c a)(c a b) abc(ab bc ca)
- Page 212 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
$&> eK[ , x, y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1 nig 1 .
x
y
z
cUrbgajfa y z z x x y 32
$*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1 . cUrbgaj
b c
c a
a b
3 3
a( 3c ab ) b 3a bc ) c( 3b ca )
4
$(> eK[ x , y , z 0 Edl x y z xyz . cUrbgaj

( x 1)( y 1)( z 1) 6 3 10
%0> eK[cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrbgajfa

a 2 b 2 c2 2abc 3 (1 a )(1 b )(1 c)
%!> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman a , b , c edaydwgfa

a 2 b 2 c2 abc 4 eyIgman 0 ab bc ca abc 2
USAMO,2001
%@> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgaj
a ab 3 abc 3 a b a b c
a.
.
3
2
3
%#> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
3
3.
a(1 b ) b(1 c) c(1 a )
abc (1 3 abc )
- Page 213 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
%$> cUrbgajfaRKb;cMnYnBit a , b , c Edl a2 b2 c2 9 eKman
2(a b c) abc 10 .
Vietnam,2002
%%> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBit a , b , c bgajfa
4
( a b ) 4 ( b c )4 ( c a )4 ( a 4 b 4 c 4 )
7
Vietnam TST 1996

%^> eK[bIcMnYnBit x , y , z 0 Edl x y z 1 .
cUrbgajfa 0 xy yz zx 2xyz 277
IMO 1984
%&> eK[bIcMnYnBit x , y , z 0 Edl x y z 1 .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa x2y y 2z z 2x 274
Canada 1999
%*> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c abc .
cUrbgajfa a2 b2 c2 3 abc
BMO 2001
%(> eK[ x, y , z 0 Edl x y z xyz .
bgajfa xy yz zx 9(x y z ) .
Bearus 1996
- Page 214 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
^0> eK[ x , y , z IR Edl x2 y 2 z 2 2 .
bgajfa x y z 2 xyz
Poland 1991
^!> eK[ a , b, c 0 Edl a2 b2 c2 1 .
1
cUrbgajfa a b c abc
4 3
Macedonia 1999
^@> eK[ x, y, z CacMnYnBitEdl 0 x, y , z 1 nig xy yz zx 1

cUrbgajfa x 2 y 2 z 2 3 2 3
1 x
1 y
1 z
^#> eK[ x, y, z CacMnYnBitEdl x y z xyz ( x, y , z 0 ) .

bgajfa x 2 y 2 z 2 3 2 3 .
1 x
1 y
1 z
^$> eK[ x, y, z CacMnYnBitEdl x y z xyz ( x, y , z 0 ) .

bgajfa xy yz zx 3 1 x2 1 y 2 1 z 2
^%> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBit . cUrbgajfa
(a 2 1)(b 2 1)(c 2 1) (ab bc ca 1)2
^^> eK[ x , y , z 0 Edl xy yz zx 1 .

cUrbgajfa x 1 y y 1 z z 1 x 52
- Page 215 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
^&> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 1 .
a3
b3
cUrbgajfa
2
2
(a 1)
(b 1)
c3
3
2
(c 1)
^*>eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
3
3
a b c

8
b c c a a b
^(> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 3 . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
3
3 7
3 7
3 7
a 7
b 7
c 7 2
&0> eK[ a , b , c , d 0 Edl a b c d 4 .

cUrbgajfa 1 2 2 1 2 1 4 2
1 a 1 b
1 c 1 d
&!> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a3
b3
c3
1
a 3 (b c ) 3 b 3 (c a ) 3 c 3 (a b ) 3 3
&@>eK[ a , b, c 0 Edl a2 b2 c2 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

1
1
1
9
1 ab 1 bc 1 ca 2
&#> eK[ x , y , z [1 , 2 ] . cUrbgajfa
1 1 1
x
( x y z )( ) 6 (
)
x y z
cyc y z
- Page 216 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
&$> eK[ a, b, c 0 Edl a b c 1 .
1
1
10
2
cUrbgajfa abc
a b 2 c2 ab bc ca
&%> eK[ a, b, c 0 nig ab bc ca 1 .
1 a 2b 2 1 b 2c2 1 c2a 2 5
cUrbgajfa
2
2
2
2
(a b )
(b c )
(c a )
&^> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa

a3 b 3 c3
54abc
5
3
abc
(a b c )
&&> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa

a4 b 4 c4
3abc
2
(a 2 b 2 c 2 )
ab bc ca a b c 3
&*> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
b 2 c2 a2 c2 a2 b 2 a2 b 2 c2
1
2
2
2
a 2bc
b 2ca
c 2ab
&(> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
1 1 1
bc
ca
ab
2
2
2
a b c a bc b ca c ab
*0> eK[ a , b, c 0 Edl abc 1 .
cUrbgajfa (1 a3 )(1 b3 )(1 c3 ) a b2 c
- Page 217 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
*!> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
1 1 1
9

4
a b c abc
1
1
1
b
b
c
c
*@> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
a2 b 2 c2
8abc
2
ab bc ca (a b )(b c)(c a )
*#> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 1 . cUrbgajfa

1
1
1
3
2
2
2
a a1 b b1 c c1
*$> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
a 2 b 2 b 2 c2 c 2 a 2 3(a 2 b 2 c2 )
ab
bc
ca
abc
*%> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
ab
bc
ca
3(a b c)
a2 b 2 b 2 c2 c2 a2 a2 b 2 c2
*^> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
a
b
c
abc
ab bc ca
a 2 2bc
b 2 2ca
c2 2ab
*&> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
a
b
c
5
abc
ab
bc
ca 4
- Page 218 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
**> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl ab bc ca 1 . cUrbgajfa
a(1 a 2 ) b(1 b 2 ) c(1 c 2 ) 2 a b c
*(> eK[ a , b 0 . cUrbgajfa

(a b )2 (a b
1 1 2
) 8(1 2 )
a b
(0>eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
1 1 1
1
1
1
(a b c )( ) 1 1 (a 2 b 2 c 2 )( 2 2 2 )
a b c
a
b
c
(!>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 . cUrbgajfa

a2
b2
c2
3
b 2 1 c2 1 a2 1 2
(@> eK[ x, y , z 0 .
x y z
3
bgajfa x y z xyz
(#>eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
x y z
9(a 2 bc )(b 2 ca )(c 2 ab ) 8(a 3 b 3 c 3 )2
($>eK[ x, y , z 0 Edl x y z 1. cUrbgajfa

2 (1 x 2 )2 (1 y 2 )2 (1 z 2 )2 (1 x )(1 y )(1 z )
(%>eK[ x, y , z 0 Edl xy yz zx 1 . cUrbgajfa

x(1 y 2 )(1 z 2 ) y (1 z 2 )(1 x 2 ) z(1 x 2 )(1 y 2 )
4 3
9
- Page 219 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
(^>eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
27
b(a b ) c(b c) a(c a ) 2(a b c)2
(&>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 1 . cUrbgajfa

1
1
1
3
(1 a )(1 b ) (1 b )(1 c) (1 c)(1 a ) 2
(*>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a2 b2 c2 1 . cUrbgajfa

a
b
c
2
1 bc 1 ca 1 ab
((>eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 . cUrbgajfa
1
1
1
27
1 ab 1 bc 1 ca 8
!00> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrbgajfa
1
ab
bc
ca
a
b
c
c
a
b
ca
ab
bc
!0!> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 . cUrbgajfa
(b c )2
(c a )2
(a b )2
a
b
c
3
12
12
12
!0@> eK[ x, y , z 0 Edl xyz 1 . cUrRsayfa
x2y 2
y 2z 2
z 2x2
2 2
2 2
1
2 2
7
7
7
7
7
7
x y x y
y z y z
z x z x
- Page 220 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!0#> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
cUrbgajfa a b c a b c
!0$> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c , d eKmanvismPaB
2
1 1 4 16
64

a b c d abcd
!0%> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman a , b , c 1 cUrbgajfa
a
b
c
(1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1
bc1 ca1 ab1
(USAMO 1980 )
!0^> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1 . cUrbgajfa

a 3 b 3 c 3 6abc
1
4
!0&> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 . cUrbgajfa

2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
(a 1) b 1 (b 1) c 1 (c 1) a 1
!0*> eK[ a0 , a1 , a2 , ..., an CacMnYnBitkgcenaH ( 0 , 2 ) edaydwgfa
tan(a0 ) tan(a1 ) ... tan(an ) n 1

4
4
4
cUrbgajfa tan(a0 ) tan(a1 )..... tan(an ) nn1
(USAMO 1998 )
- Page 221 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!0(> eK[ a , b , x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCman .
cUrbgajfa ay x bz az y bx ax z by a 3 b
!!0> eK[ n 2 CacMnYnKt; ehIy x1 , x2 , ...., xn CacMnYnBitviCman
edaydwgfa x x .... x 1 . cUrkMNt;tmtUcbMputn
2
2
n
5
x2
x1
xn
...
x 2 x 3 ... xn x 3 ... xn x1
x1 x 2 ... xn1
!!!> eK[ n CacMnYnKt;viCman . cUrkMNt;tmGb,brmanplbUk

2
3
n
x2
x3
xn
.....
.
S x1
2
3
n
(Poland 1995 )
!!@> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c , d eKman

a4b b 4c c4d d 4a abcd(a b c d )
!!#> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa

2
3
2
3
2
3
2a
2b
2c

3
b c c a a b
(MOP 2002 )
!!$> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eKman

a2
b2
c2
3
(a b )(a c) (b c)(b a ) (c a )(c b ) 4
- Page 222 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!!%> cUrbgajfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eKman
a 2b b 2c c 2a

3
a 2c b 2a c 2b
!!^> eK[ a , b , c , x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl x y z 1 .
3
cUrbgajfa
ax by cz 2 (ab bc ca)( xy yz zx ) a b c
!!&> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .

cUrbgajfa 5 ba bc ac (1 a)(1 b)(1 c)
!!*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
a3
b3
c3
1
(2a2 b2 )(2a2 c2 ) (2b2 c2 )(2b2 a2 ) (2c2 a2 )(2c2 b2 ) a b c
!!(> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa

(a5 a 2 3)(b 5 b 2 3)(c5 c 2 3) (a b c)3
a2 b 2 c2 a b c
!@0> RKb; a , b , c 0 cUrRsaybBaak;fa b2 c2 a2 b c a
!@!> cUrRsayfaRKb; a , b , c 0 eKman
b 2 c2 a2 c2 a2 b 2 a 2 b 2 c2 3
a( b c )
b(c a )
c(a b )
2
!@@> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 . cUrRsayfa

ab c bc a ca b 1 ab bc ca
- Page 223 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!@#> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl abc 8 . cUrRsayfa
a2
(a 3 1)(b 3 1)
b2
(b 3 1)(c3 1)
c2
(c3 1)(a 3 1)
4
3
!@$>cUrRsayfaRKb;cMnYnBit 0 x1 , x2 , ....., xn 12 eKmanvismPaB

n
n 1
1 1
i 1 x i
x1 x 2 ... xn
!@%> bgajfaRKb; a , b , c 0 eK)an
a2
b2
c2
1
( 2a b )( 2a c) ( 2b c)( 2b a ) ( 2c a )( 2c b ) 3
!@^> bgajfaRKb; a , b , c 0 eK)an

3
4a 2
4b 2
4c2
4a 4b 4b 4c 4c 4a
ab bc ca
3
!@&> eKman a , b , c , x , y , z IR Edlepgpat;smPaB

(a b c)( x y z ) 3
nig (a b c )(x y z ) 4
cUrbgajfa ax by cz 0 .
!@*> eK[ a , b , c 1 Edl a21 1 b21 1 c2 1 1 1 .
2
cUrRsayfa a 1 1 b 1 1 c 1 1 1 .
- Page 224 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!@(> bgajfaRKb; a , b , c 0 eKman
a
a2 b2
b 2 c2
!#0> eK[ n 2 CacMnYnKt;viCman .
c
c2 a2
3 2
2
cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a1 , a2 ,..., an Edl a1 .a2 ....an 1

cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a1 1
a 1
a 1
2
... n
a1 a 2 ... an
2
2
2
!#!> eK[ a , b , c , x , y , z IR Edl xy yz zx 3 .
cUrbgajfa a(bycz ) b(czax) c(axby ) 3 .
!#@> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 3 .
cUrbgajfa aba 1 bcb 1 cac 1 32 .
!##> eK[ a1 , a2 , ...., an 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
2
a1 a1a2 3 a1a2a3 ... n a1a2 ...an n a1 a2 a1 a2 ... an

a1.
...
n
2
n
!#$> cUrRsayfaRKb; a , b , c 0 eKman
ab bc ca bc ca ab ca ab bc 3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
b c
c a
a b
- Page 225 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!#%> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrbgajfa
a 2 bc b 2 ca c 2 ab b c a
2
2

2
b ca c ab a bc a b c
!#^> bgajfaRKb;cMnYnBitviCman x , y , z Edl x y z 1
eKman
x ( y z )2 y ( z x )2 z ( x y )2 3
!#&> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitminGviCman nig KanBIrcMnYnNaesIsUnRBmKa.

ca bc ca ab ca ab bc 3
cUrRsayfa abc2 bc
2
2
2
2
2
2
a b
b c
a
!#*> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a nig b cUrRsayfa
a b
2ab
1 2
2 2
2
b a
a b
!#(> eK[ a , b , c CargVas;RCugnRtIekaNmYy .
cUrRsayfa 3a cb c 3b ac a 3c ba b 1
!$0> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCman .
cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a 2c
b 2a 2 c 2b
b2 .
c .
a 2 b 2 c2
3b
3c
3a
!$!> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman x , y , z cUrRsayfa
27
( x 2 yz )2
xy( xy z 2 )( zx y 2 )
8
a2 .
- Page 226 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!$@> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .
a 3 b 3 c3 3
a
b
c
cUrRsayfa
4
bc ca ab
!$#> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 2 .
cUrRsayfa b(aa b) c(bb c) a(ac c) 2
!$$> RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsayfa
a 2 ac
b 2 ba
c 2 cb
abc
2b a c 2c a b 2a b c
2
!$%> eK[ a , b , c IR . cUrRsayfa
a 2 ab b 2 b 2 bc c 2 c 2 ca a 2 9
4
(a b ) 2
(b c ) 2
(c a )2
!$^> eK[cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a b c 1 .

cUrRsayfa
a
b
c
1
4b 3bc 4c 4c 3ca 4a 4a 3ab 4b 3

!$&> RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a b c 3 .
cUrRsayfa b ac 1 c ba 1 a bc 1 3
- Page 227 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!$*> RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a b c 3 .
cUrRsayfa
a
b
c
3
2b 3c 1 2c 3a 1 2a 3b 1 4
!$(> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa
a3 b3
b 3 c3
c3 a3
6(ab bc ca)
(a b c) (a b)(b c)(c a)
a2 b 2
b2 c2
c2 a2
!%0> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanenaHcUrRsayfa

a 2 (b c ) b 2 (c a ) c 2 (a b )
2
2
abc
b 2 c2
c a2
a b2
!%!> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanenaHcUrRsayfa
a b c 9(a 2 b 2 c 2 )

b c a
(a b c )2
!%@> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl ab bc ca abc 4

cUrRsayfa
1
1
1
3
(a 1)2 (b c) (b 1)2 (c a ) (c 1)2 (a b ) 8
!%#> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 . cUrRsayfa

1
1
1
3
(a 1)2 (b c) (b 1)2 (c a ) (c 1)2 (a b ) 8
- Page 228 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!%$> eKman a , b , c , d CacMnYnBitminGviCman . cUrRsayfa
(a b c d ) 4 a(c d ) b(d a ) c(a b ) d(b c)
!%%> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 enaHcUrRsayfa
3
3 2
3 2
a2
b
c
3
bc
ca
ab
2
!%^> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsayfa
3
a2
b2
c2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
a ab b b bc c c ca a
!%&> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsayfa
a b
c 1 1 1 1 ab
bc
ca

( 2 2 2
)
2
2
2
bc ca ab a b c 2 b c c a a b
!%*> ebI a , b , c CacMnYnBitminGviCman enaHcUrRsayfa
2(a 2 1)(b 2 1)(c 2 1) (a 1)(b 1)(c 1)(abc 1)
!%(> eK[ x , y , z 0 nig n IN . cUrRsayfa

( xn 3 xn 3)( y n 3 y n 3)( z n 3 z n 3) ( x y z )3
!^0> ebI a , b , c 1 cUrRsayfa

1 a2
1 b2
1 c2
2
1 b c2 1 c a2 1 a b 2
!^!> ebI a , b , c IR bgajfa
a4 b 4 c4 1 5 a5 b 5 c5 1
- Page 229 -
vismPaBeRCIserIs
!^@> ebI x , y , z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanenaHcUrRsayfa
xy
yz
zx
x
y
z
xy x2 y2 yz y2 z2 zx z2 x2 2x z 2y x 2z y
!^#> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCman . cUrbgajfa

(a2 ab b2 )(b2 bc c2 )(c2 ca a2 ) (ab bc ca)3
!^$> eK[ a , b , c 0 Edl a b c 1 .

bgajfa ab cb bc ac ca ba 2 .
!^%> eK[GnuKmn_ f (x) x x Edl 0 , 0 1
k> RKb; x [ 0 , 1 ] bgajfa f (x) 0 .
x> RKb; u , v 0 Edl u v bgajfa u .v u v .
!^^> eK[ a , b , c , x , x , x , ..., x CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl
a b c 1 nig x .x .x .x .x 1 . cUrbgajfa
(ax bx c)(ax bx c)...(ax bx c) 1 .
!^&> rgVg;carwkkgnRtIekaN ABC b:HRCug BC , CA , AB erogKaRtg;
AB
BC
CA
3
A , B , C .Rsayfa
AB
BC
CA
2
!^*> eK[ 0 x 2 . cUrRsayfa
1
1
1
1
1
2
sin n x
cos n x
, n IN *
.
- Page 230 -

117 Inequality Selected Exercises PDF

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117 Inequality Selected Exercises PDF

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a2 b2

eroberogeday lwm pln

abc (1 a )(1 b )(1 c) 1

(>eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .

eroberogeday lwm pln

!^> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl abc 1 . cUrRsayfa

!*> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsayfa

@0> cMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitminGviCman a, b, c, d cUrRsayfa

@!> ebIsmIkar x4 ax3 2x2 bx 1 0 manbsy:agticmYy

@%> RKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c cUrRsaybBaak;fa

@^> eK[ a , b , c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .

cUrRsayfa (a b)(b c)(c a) 4(a b c 1)

eroberogeday lwm pln

#!> eK[bIcMnYnBit a 1 , b 1 , c 1 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

##> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c Edl a2 b2 c2 (a b c)2 4

#$> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b nig c . cUrRsayfa

#%> cUrRsayfacMeBaHRKb;cMnYnBitviCman a , b , c eKmanvismPaB

a 3 b 3 abc b 3 c 3 abc c 3 a 3 abc abc

eroberogeday lwm pln

#&> eK[ x ; y ; z CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl xyz 1 .

#*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnviCmanEdl ab bc ca 3 .

#(> eK[ a nig b CaBIrcMnYnBitminGviCmanEdl a

eroberogeday lwm pln

eroberogeday lwm pln

cUrbgajfa x1n.x2 1...xn 1998 .

%$> eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanRCug BC a , AC b , AB c

%&> eKyk a , b , c CacMnYnviCmanEdlepgpat; abc 1 .

eroberogeday lwm pln

(by cz )(bz cy ) (cz ax )(cx az ) (ax by )(ay bx ) 4

^^> eK[ x , y , z CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl

eroberogeday lwm pln

(a b )(a 2 b 2 ) (b c)(b 2 c 2 ) (c d )(c 2 d 2 ) (d a)(d 2 a 2 )

eroberogeday lwm pln

&#> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman edaydwgfa

&$> smIkar x3 ax2 bx c 0 manbbICacMnYnBitviCman

&*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1 .

*0> eK[ a , b , c 0 . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

eroberogeday lwm pln

*#> eK[cMnYnBit x1 , x2 , y1 , y 2 , z1 , z 2 epgpat; x1 0 , x2 0

*$> eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanmMukgCamMuRsYc . cUrRsayfa

( x 1)2 y 2 1 ( y 1)2 z 2 1 ( z 1)2 x 2 1 2

*^> eK[ a ; b ; c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl abc 1 .

eroberogeday lwm pln

(0> eK[sIVt a1 ; a2 ; ....; an epgpat;lkxN

eroberogeday lwm pln

(#>eK[RtIekaN ABC mYymanmMukgCamMuRsYc . cUrbgajfa

eroberogeday lwm pln

!00> eK[ a ; b ; c CabIcMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 1

!0@> eK[bIcMnYnBitviCman a , b , c . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

29a 3 b 3 29b 3 c 3 29c 3 a 3

eroberogeday lwm pln

!0*> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCman . cUrRsaybBaak;fa

eroberogeday lwm pln

!!!> eK[ a , b , c CacMnYnBitviCmanEdl a b c 3 .

!!#> eKkMNt;cMnYn a0 , a1 , a2 , ...., an dUcxageRkam

eroberogeday lwm pln

cot cot cot 3 9 . 2 1

!!&> eK[bIcMnYnBitminGviCman a , b , c nigminsUnRBmKaBIr .

eroberogeday lwm pln

eroberogeday lwm pln

(a b)(b c)(c a) a2b a2c ab2 b2a ac2 bc2 2abc

yk (1) CMnYskg (2) eK)an

eroberogeday lwm pln