ED 023 096 AL 001 558 Burmese Basic Course Defense Language Institute, Washington, DE. Pub Date Mar 64 Note-107Ip.5 vols EDRS Price MF $425 HC $5365 Descriptors -Avdiolingual Skils, "Burmese, Burmese Culture, ‘Instructional Materials, ‘Intensive Language Courtes, Language Instruction, Military Training, Remanzaticn, Standard Spoken Usage, Tone Languages, Translation, Writing These five volumes, comprising 65 lesson units, follow the Defense Language Institute audiolingual approach and general format. New materials, introduced in "basic dialogs: are followed by colloquial and IMeral translations, word and in later lessons, by a variety of drils and reading exercises. A consonant char! and @ raneeribed let of numerals 10 provide wriling practice are appended in Volume I Picture cues are appended in Volumes I, III, and IV. (AMM)U.S, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING 1. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS By sep 00 HOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY.BURMESE Basic Course Volume I Lessons 1 - 16 “PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS (CRRMRS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED Wotan. Bodily 4 treme a a Aaa, TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERATING ‘UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE U.S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION. FURTHER REPRODUCTION OUTSIDE ‘THE ERIC, SYSTEM REQUIRES PERMISSION OF ‘THE GORURMIED OWNER.” October 1963 DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE AL 001 558mé-ti-k&i CONTENTS Page ein-gin-z6 (t1?) Lesson 1 1 i a (ni?) ae} 11 . " (e6un) ihe 22 ‘ (184) "4k 33 " (nf) eee a iH (chau?) "6 5h - (kchfin-ni?) eee oy. (gi?) nee. 75 i" (xéu) ao 85, " (ta-sh8) "10 96 iu (she?-ti?) meee 107 " (she?-hni?) nee 118 iu (she?-93un) naa. 129 . (she?-184) "ay 139 7 (she? =nf) "15 wg id (she?-n&) "15 (Parts of a day) 162 e (she?-chau?) " 16 163 d& ba? gi ni my& (Days of the week) 173 ta hni? gt 14 my& (Months of the year) 47h you? hnin sh4in 66 n&n my& hnin 1a-g@un déu i my6u- khw8 nau?-she? my& (Material Nouns and their Classifiers) 175 za-g&-léun sd-yin (Word List) 183 my&n-m& s&-y81 nt (Burmese Writing System) 207 my&n-m& a-yé1 a-twe? my& (Burmese Numerals) allINTRODUCTION ‘The language whose study you arebeginning is spoken by the majority of the twenty million people, (United Nations estimate), living in the Union of Burma. You will study the language as ‘4 is spoken in the major parts of the country. Although there are variations in dialects in other parts of the country, the Burr vse language you will now study is considered standard; it is understood throu shout Burma. You will find that spoken Burmese sounds are very different from English. It is extremely important to learn to pronounce the words, as mich as possible, like the native instructors. If you develop correct pronunciation habits early in the course you will find that you can understand the instructors, and be understood by them, even before you have a thorough knowledge of the structure of the language. i Many sounds in Burmese will remind you of sounds in English, but most of these are slightly different from the English sounds. Other sounds in Burmese are sounds which are completely different from any in English and will require you to practice, as much as possible, in order that you may speak correctly. Try to realize from the beginning that these are completely new sods to you and that the only way you can learn to make them is by imitating the speech of your instructors.There will probably be some sounds in Burmese which you cannot hear at first. You may find that although your pro- nunciation of a Burmese word seems right to you, the instructor will not accept it. If this happens, it probably means that the instructor expects you to makea souniwhich you haven't yet noticed in his speech. Here again, persistent effort in im- itating the instructor is the best approach. It is important for you to realize that there are few, if any, sounds which are exactly alike in Burmese and English. You should cpproach a study of Burmese with an open mind and not be surprised to encounter characteristics which do not exist in English, As you mow, it 1s possible in English to say the same word with a different intonation giving it a slightly different meaning. As an example, the word, "now", in the two sentences, "Do it now! "and, "When do you want me to do it, now?". Tones in Burmese differ from this kind of intonation in English in that the tone is an integral pa t of the Bu.mese woid and cannot be changed. This means tha when you learn a Burmese word you must learn the tone as a part of the word, not as a characteristic in addition to the pronun- elation of the word. Since you are accustomed in English to hearing several different intonations on the same word, you will be compted to think of the Burmese tones as something which can be added to a word to change its meaning. This, of course, 1s not true: the Burmese ti (hammer), tf (dig),oY and t® (imitate) are completely different words; not the same word with different tones. There is no more relation between +f,t0, and t0 in Burmese than there is between pick, lick, and sick in English. Failure to realize this will result in your confusing Burmese words with similar pronunciation and differ- ent tones, and can easily make your speech unintelligible to a Burmese. ‘The Burmese language is written with symbols quite un- like the Roman alphabet. You will be introduced to this system of writing early in the course, though not for the first few weeks. The system of romanization used in this volume of the course has nothing to do with the Burmese system of writing, but it is merely intended as a help to you in remembering the sounds of the language as you hear them in class. The phonetic values given to the letters in this romanization are more or less arbitrary, and do not necessarily coincide with their values in written English. The romanization will be helpful to you only if you use it as reminder of the scunds made by the instructor and not as a crutch, Therefore, it is important that you depend on your instructors and on the phonograph records for learning how the words are pronounced. Only when you can say a word in the same way as the instructor are you safe in referring to the romanization. aaahnou?-she?-chin: n&n-ba?: (4?) (hni?) (e6un) (181) (nf) (chau?) (khfineni?) (gi?) Gin-gin-zh_(t: nh-y8-18, khin-byé. mi-bh-d8, Kkhin-byh. m8i: phy$1: mBiz phySi: mBi: phy6i: m8is phy$i: mi: phy61: m8iz phy6i: mi phy6i: mSit phyéit dé bh 18. ah kh8-din ba. dh bé 18, dé ki-1éun-din bé. d& b&é 18, ah sh-ou? ph. ah bA 18, ai sh-ywo? ph. ah bé 16, a @d-dtn-zh dA, dé dé 18. S-d& za-bw8 bé. ah bé 18. B-d& kA-1a-thhin bé. ah b4 18. 8-ah da-gh dh.(td-sh6) (she?-hni?) (she?-08un) (she?-181) (she%=n8) m8i: phy61: mBi: phy64: mi: phy61: mei: phy6i: mB: phy61: mBi: phy$i: m63.2 phy8i: ah b& 18. 8-d& bya-datn-bau? pé. dé bA 18. 8-dé Ofn-bSun-jt bd. B-dé ba 18, ah ou%-thou? pf. 8-a6 dé 28. Gh pha-na? pf. S-ah ba 18. 44 kou?=tn-Jf dé. S-ab ba 18. ak ga?-tn-jf ba. 8-d& b& 18. d& .dun-bi ba.Greeting: Mumbert (one) (two) (three) (four) (five) (six) (seven) LESSON 1 Colloquial Translation How are you, sir? I am fine, sir. Question: What is this? Answer: This is a pencil. Qs What is At This is What is As This is Qa: What is As This is as What is Ar This is Qa What is As ‘That is @ What 1s At That is this? @ pen. this? a book. this? a sheet of paper. this? @ newspaper. this? a table. this? a chair.Number: (eight) this? a door. this? a window. (ten) this? a blackboard. (eleven) ‘chat? a hat. (twelve) that? a@ shoe. (thirteen) that? a coat. (fourteen) that? @ shirt. (fifteen) that? a pair of tro:Greeting: Number: (one) (two) (three) (four) (five) (six) (seven) LESSON 1 Literal Translation Healthy (verb affix) (interrogative affix) sir. Healthy (polite particle) (verb affix) sir. Question: Answer: Q: This At This Q: ‘This A: This Qa: This A: This Q: ‘This A: This Qa: This A: That Q: This A: ‘That This what (interrogative affix). This pencil (polite particle). what (I.A.). pen (P.P.). what (I.A.). book (P.P.). what (I.A.). paper (P.P.). what (I.A.). newspaper (P.P.). what (I.A.). table (P.P.). what (I.A.). chair (P.P.).Number: (eight) (nine) (ten) (eleven) (twelve) (thirteen) (fourteen) (fifteen) & what (I.A.). : door (P.P.). what (I.A.). window (P.P.). what (I.A.). blackboard (P.P.). what (I.A.). hat (P.P.). what (I.A.). shoe (P.P.). what (I.A.). coat (P.P.). , what (I.A.). shirt (P.P.). what (I.A.). trousers (P.P.).(nni?) (e6un) (184) (nf) (chau?) (ichGn-ni?) (919) (x6u) pyén-hlén-pfiun-sa?-chin mB: phy61: mBit phy61: m@is phy6i: mBi: phy8i: mit phy61t mi: phy$iz mBi: phy6it mBi: phy61: m8i: phy8i: dé b& 18. -dh kh8-déa bh. B-déi b& 18. ah za-bw8 ba. d& b& 18. $-d& oa-din-zh bé. a b& 18. 6-dé k&-1éun-din bé. 4G ba 18. d& ein-béun-jt dé. ah b& 18. fieai ou?-thou? pa. d& b& 18. 8-d& shou? pa. dé b& 18. a& da-ga ba. a bh 18. 8-aé bfun-bi ba.nfn-ba?: (t&-shé) (she?-ti?) (she?-hni?) (she?-96un) (she?-181) (she? =n8) mei: phy: mB: phy61: mBi: phy61: m@i: phyéi: mis phy64: mOi: phyéi: d& b& 18, 8-d& kou?-fn-ji b&. 4G bé 18. 8-d& pha-ne? pé. 6-d& bé 18. a6 kA-1A-th&in dé. dé bé 18, S-dé ga?-tn-J4 ba. 8-d& b& 18. d& by&-dtn-bau? pé. dé b& 18, @-d& sf-ywe? pa.bh (om ) vA, pa ( dl) bun-bL bya=dtn-bau? a& da-gh 8-a6 kA-1a-théin ka-1léun-dén kh8-d4n kou?=tn-ji 18 ou?-thou? pa, ba (A) pha-na? sh-ou? sh-ywe? ga?-tn- Jt za-bw8 @a-din-24 9in-b8un-jt @in-gin-zé (+1?) - LESSON 1 za-gf-16un sa-yin Word List what polite particle trousers window this door that (the thing with or close to the 2nd person) chair pen pencil coat interrogative affix hat polite particle shoe book paper shirt table newspaper blackboard(1) (b& = what) as used in, "dé b& 18 = what is this," is written ( 9 ) and is always pronounced " bé ". (2) Polite particles ( b&) and ( p& ) as used in, "dé kh8-dén b& = This is a pencil," and "d& s&-ou? p& = This is a book," are written ( Is this the mouth? At Yes. That is the mouth. (nine) Q: Ia that the hand? Ar Yes, This is the hand. (ten) Qa Is this the leg? rs Yes, That is the leg. (eleven) 3 Is that a map? At No. This 1s a picture. (twelve) a Is this a newspaper? Ar No. That is a magazine. (thirteen) Qa: Is that a calendar? Ar No. This is a time schedule. (fourteen) In this @ sheet of paper? Ar No, That is an envelope. (t1fteen) Q: Is that a ruler? A: No. This is @ pen.he oe LESSON 2 Literal Translation That (over there) what (interrogative affix). That (over there) phonograph (polite particle). That (over there) what (I.A.). that (over there) phonograph record (P.P.). That (over there) what (I.A.). That (over there) electric light (P.P.). ‘That (over there) what (I.A.). That (over there) watch (P.P.). That (over there) what (I.A.). That (over there) bell (P.P.). ‘This head (I.A.). (It's) so. That head (P.P.). That nose (I.A.). (It's) so. This nose (P.P.). This mouth (I.A.). (It's) so. That mouth (P.P.). ‘That hand (I.A.). (It's) so. This hand (P.P.).This leg (I-A.). (t's) so, That leg (P.P.). That mop (I.A.). (It's) not so. This picture (P.P.). This newspaper (I.A.). (Ivts) not so. That magazine (P.P.). That calendar (I.A.). (It's) not so. This time schedule (P.P.). This paper (I.A.). (It's) not so. That envelope (P.P.). That ruler (I.A.). (It's) not so. This pen (P.P.).@in-gan-z4_(hni?) pyén-hlén-pfun-sa-chin | nén-ba?: (ti?) m@it dé dé 18. phyéi: @-d& n@-Khftun b&. (hai?) m8iz $-d4 bé 18. phy6i: a g@iun bé. (e6un) m8i: ho6u-h& bé 18. phyéi: h6u-h& myi-béun bA. (181) mBi: d& da?-se? 18. phy6i: hou?-p4-d6, d& da?-se? p&. (pf) mOi: h6u-h& da?-mt 18. phy6i: hou?=pf-dé, h6u-h& da?-mt bé. (chad) mOiz héu-h& a-you?-ké 18. phy6i: ma-hou?=p&-b0, héu-hé pye?-ga-déin ba. (chfn-ni?) m8iz $-d4 khfun-l@un 18. phy6i: hhou?-p&-dé, d& kh&un-1fun bé. (91?) mBi: dé chi-dau? 18. mA-hou?-p&-bt. 8-d& le? pé. \nén-ba?: (x6u) mi: néu-h& a-chéin-za-ya 18. phy61: -m-hou?-ph-bQ. h6u-hé me?-ga-zin bh. (t&-shé) mBi: d& sf-ei? 18. phy6éi: mA-hou?-pi-ba. 6-d& sh-ou? pa. (she?-ti?) m8i: d& pSi-dén 18. phyéi: hou?-ph-d6. d& péi-dén bé. (she?-hni?) méi: 8-d& bya-din-bau? 18. “ phy6i: = mA=hou?-p&-bf. dA da-gf (she?-e8un) mBit h6u-h& @fn-b6un-jf 18. phy6i: hhou?-pf-d6. h6u-h& @{n-b6un-jf ba. | (she?-184) mi: 8-d6 da?-pyf 18. : phy6i: mA-hou?-p&-b0, a4 n&-y1 bA. (she?-n&) m8i: d& kA-1a-thdin 18, phy$1: hou?=pf-d$. df kA-1a-théin bf (she?-chau?) méi: h6u-h& za-bwS 18. | phy61: hhou?-pi-d6. héu-h& za-bw8 bé. it (she?-khfn-ni?) m8i: S-d& ga?-tn-ji 18. phy$i: m&-hou?=pf-b@. d& kou?-fn-ji bé. 18 Cee ee eeenin-ba?? (she?-gi?) (she?-K6u) (hna-sh6) mBis phy$4: mBit phyéi: aBit phy61: a ou?-thou? 18. hou?=ph-d6. 8-d& ou?-thou? pa. héu-h& b@un-bi 18. mA-hou’-pé-bt. héu-h& ga?-tn-J1 dé. -d& kA-léun-din 18, mA hou? ~) 19 aba. dé kh8-din ba.LESSON 2 zd-gl-l6un si-yin Word List a-chéin-za-y8 time schedule A-you?-ka picture baeza? mouth chi-dau? leg da?-mt electric light éa?-py phonograph record da?-se? phonograph gfun head hou-hé that (thiag away from both the persons speaking) hou? =p4-d6 yes, it's so kh&un~18un bell 1a interrogative affix le? hand, arm mA-hou?-p&-bt no, it's not so | me?-ga-zin magazine my$4-b6un map | nA-khfun nose né-yt watch, clock péi-dén ruler (foot-rule) pye?-ga-déin calendar sh-o1? envelope 20q) An interrogative sentence with "1&" ending is usually (a) d& gfun 14 = Is this the head? followed by an affirmative or negative answer 6.6., | hou?-pé-d8. 8-dé gfun b& = Yes. That is the head. Is that @ map? (b) 8-d& my$i-béun 18 ma-hou?-pé-b. d& a-you?-kd b& = Wo. This is a picture. (2) An interrogative sentence with "18" ending is not followed by either an affirmative or negative “nswer 0.g., (a) d& b& 18 = What is this? $-d4 kh8-dén b& = That is @ pencil. (b) 8-d& b& 18 = Wheat is that? 44 sh-ou? p& =This is a book. 21etn-gtn-24 (efun) ' hnou?-she?-chtn: mé-y8-18, khin-byh, mh-bi-d6, khin-byh, nhn-ba?: | (t49) mi: a6 bh 461 18, i phy$is O-di myeo?-si-d61 bd. (hni?) mBis S-dh b& 61 18. phy6it 4h sd-bin-a61 b&. (e8un) mi: a6 bk 64 18, phy6i: -@=dA n-ywo?-t61 ba. , (184) B42 Sah bh a64 18, : | phy61: (nt) m8i: hou-hh dé d64 18, | phy$i: hbuchh 1le?-ichin-bwh-d61 dé. (chau?) mBi: héu-bh b& 461 18. | phySi: hush 16-sf nd ga-ba? pA. (Qenfin-nt?) m8: a& ba a61 18, phy6i: —- 8=d @8 nd @8-ga-leu? ph. (gi?) mBis 8-dh dé d6i 18, phy6i: dé sh8i-lei?-khwe? n& mf-j1? ph.néin-ba?: (x6u) (t&-sh6) (she?-ti?) (she?-bni?} (she?-66un) (she?-184) (she? =n) phy$1: a6 ba d64 18, 8-6 phin-gwe? n& pa-ltn dé. h6u-h&i b& d61 18. h6u-hé dat-se? nd le?-hnei?-se? pa. inéu-bh dat-pyf 18, ba-gén-byf 18. h6u-hé ba-gin-by& bé. dé nf-yf 18, 6in-hayéun 18, O-d6 bin-hmyéun bf. O-dh dat-mt 18, hmin-6u 18. dG da?-nt 18 mA-hou?-ph-bd, hhmin-6u 18 m&-hou?-pé-ba. héu-h& kh8-déin 18, my6i-byé 18. héu-hf kh8-déin 18 m&-hou?-ph-bt, my$i-by6 18 mA-hou?-pé-b0. héu-bé phA-na? 18, ny6i-byf-byer18. héu-h& phA-na? 18 mi-hou?-pi-bi, my$i-byfi-bye? 18 mi-hou?-pi-ba.Greeting: (two) (three) (four) (five) (six) (seven) Lessom 3 Golloquial Translation How are you, sir? Iam fine, sir. What are these? Those are eyes. What are those? ‘Ynese are hairs. What are these? Those are ears. What are those? These are socks. What are those (over there)? Those (over there) are handkerchiei What are those (over there)? That (over there) is a necktie and belt. What are these? That is a key and padlock. 24Number: (eight) (nine) (ten) (eleven) (twelve) (thirteen) (fourteen) (t4fteen) What are those? ‘This is an ash tray and matches. What are these? ‘That is a glass and bottle. What are those (over there)? ‘Trat (over there) is a phonograph and typewriter. Is that (over there) a phonograph record or a plate? That (over there) is a plate. Is this a watch or a compass? ‘That's a compass. Ins that an electric light or an ink bottle? ‘This is neither an electric light nor an ink bottle. Is that (over there) a pencil or chalk? That (over there) is neither a pencil nor chalk. Is that (over there) a shoe or a black- board eraser? That (over there) is neither a shoe nor a blackboard eraser. 252. 8. This This That LESSON 3. Lite Translation what (plural affix) (interrogative affix). eyes (polite particle). what (P.A.) (I.A.). hairs (P.P.). what (P.A.) (I.A.). ears (P.P.). what (P.A.) (I.A.). socks (P.P.). (over there) what (P.A.) (I.A.). (over there) handkerchiefs (P.P.). (over there) what (P.A.) (I.A.). (over there) necktie and belt (P.P.). what (P.A.) (I.A.)« key and padlock (P.P.). what (P.A.) (I.A.). ash tray and matches (P.P.). what (P.A.) (I.A+). glass and bottle (P.P). 2610. ll. 12. 13. 15. At That (over there) what (P.A.) (T.A+). That (over there) phonograph and typewriter. That (over there) phonograph record (I.A.), plate (I.A.). That (over there) plate (P.P.). This watch (I.4.), compass (I.A.). ‘That compass (P.P.). That electric light (I.4.), ink bottle (I.A.). This electric light also not so, ink bottle alsc not so. That (over there) pencil (I.A.), chalk (I.A.). That (over there) pencil also not so, chalk also not so. That (over there) shoe (I (T.A.). ), blackboard eraser That (over there) shoe also not so, blackboard ers jer also not s0.n&n-ba?: (1?) (hni?) (e8un) (184) (nf) (chau?) (khén-ni?) (917) Oin-gitn-zh_(e6un) py4n-hl&n-pfun-sa?-chin mBi: phyéi: mBi: phy6i: m8i: phy6i: m8i: phy61: mi: phy6i: phy$i: m8iz phy6i: m8i: phy$1: dh b& déi 18, S-dh my$i-byb-déi bh. @-dh bA aé4 18. dé chi-01?-t61 n& pha-na?-t6i dé. Gh mye?-st 18, nd-ywo? 18. dé nd-ywe? ph. d& sh8i~lei?-khwe? 18, ph&n-gwe? 18. dé sh8i-lei?-khwe? 18 mA-hou?~pAi-bi phin-gwe? 18 mA-hou?-pé ba. héu-hé b& d6i 18. h6u-hé hmin-6u-d6i ba. S-dh b& d61 18. d& le?-k&in-bwh-d6i n& b&un-t dé. dé ga-ba?-t6i 18, 16-zt-déi 18. dé ga-ba?-t6i ba. df n&-Kkhfun n& ba-za? 18. hou?=pi-d6. d& n&-khfun n& ba-za? ph.(ta-shé) (she?-t1?) (she?-hni?) (she?-66un) (she?-181) (she? =n8) (she?=chau?} m8iz phy81: m8i: phy61: mBit phy6it m8i: phy61: phy61z m1: phy6i: mOit phy6i: m@it phy6i: nou-h& mf-Ji?-t61 n& ba-gén-byf-d64 1a. mA-hou?-pA-b0. héu-hé my61-byf-bye?- +61 nd da?-pyB-d61 ba. d&é za-bin-déi 18. hou?-p&-d8, 8-d& za-bin-d6i bé. 8-d6 d&-gf 18, by&-din-bau? 18. ah da-gt bh. héu-h& mySi-béun 18, a-you?-k& 18. hou-h& A-you?-k& bé. héu-h& b& déi 18. hu-h& efn-hmyéun nd sf-ywe? ph. d& le? 18, chi-dau? 18. dé chi-dau? pa. a& 1e?-hnei?-se? n& sh-ou?-t6i 18. hou?-pi-d6. d& le?-hnei?-se? nd sh-ou?-t6i dé. d& 08-d6i 18% kh8-dén-déi 18. 8-d& 08-d6i b&.n&n-ba?: (she?-khén-ni?) m8i: (she?-g1?) (she?-k6u) (hna-shé) phy61: mi: phy61: mi: phy61: mei: phy6i: @-d6 03-gd-lau?-18, hmin-6u 18. af 03-ga-lau? pA. néu-h& gfun 1f, ou?-thou? 18. h6u-h4 gfun 18 nA-hou?-pé-bd, ou?-thou? 18 m-hou?-pé-ba. a6 a-dtn-z4-d61 nd me?-gad-ztn-d6i ia. mA-hou?-p&-b. 8-d& pye?-ga-déin- 461 n& A-chéin-28-yA-d64 dé. 8-d& pa-1fn 18, kh@un-lfun 18. a& Ih@un-1@un dé. 30fan-24 (e6un) LESSON. za-gi-l6un st-yin Word List ba-gén-by& plate cht-e1? sock 61 or t64 plural noun affix efn-hmy&un compass ga-be? belt hmin-6u ink bottle | le?-hnei?-se? typewriter le?-k&in-bwa handkerchief 16-2 necktie : mt-ji? matches mye?=st eye my6i-by6 chalice my6i-byfi-bye? blackboard eraser na-ywe? ear na and pa-1tn bottle ph&n-gwe? glass (tumbler) sh8i-lei?-khwe? ash tray +64 or d6i plural noun affix za-bin hair 8d key ed-ga-lau? padlock 31Notes: "ai" or "t6i" is used to change nouns and pronouns, except proper nouns and personal pronouns, from singular to plural number. nounced "4éi" when the word ends with the tonal mark (*),(‘), or (*) and pronounced "t6i" when the word ends with (?). Both "d6i" and "t61" are written ( (1) Examples: NOUNS (a) (o) (c) (a) 16-2 my6i-by6 mye?-st chi-e1? PRONOUNS (a) (b) (ce) a& B-dh néu-h& necktie chalk eye sock This That That 16-zf-a61 my61-by-d64 mye?=st-d6i chi-o1?-t61 df-d61 S-d6-d6i h6u-h&-d6i (over there) 6 ) but pro- Bae Ee ee eee neckties chalks eyes socks i These Those Those (over there) SYnhn-ba?: (tar) (hni?) (@8un) (181) (of) (chau?) (ehfin-ni?) (949) (x6u) Oin-gin-z6 (184) mB: phy61: mbit phyéi: mis phyéi: m8it phy6i: mi: phy81: mOit phy6it mi: phy61: ef bé-04 18. e6 mhun-sd ba. khin-by& b6-64 18. cfin-d6 mhun-gwéi ba&. cfin-d6 bé-ef 18. khin-by& mfun-hla bé. 6h bd 1f-mydu 18. @6 ba-mi ba. khin-by& bé 1é-myfu 16. cfin-d6 ka-18 bh. ofn-46 bé 1i-mybu 16. khin-vy& pyin-01? pa. of ba f-mybu 18. ef td-you? ph. khin-byf b& a-lou? lou? ea-18. cfin-d6 si?-08 b&. cfn-d6 b& a-lou? lou? ea-18. Khin-by& si?-b6u bé, 33 |n&n-ba?: (ta-sh6) (she?-t17) (she? -hni?) (she?-e8un) (she?-181) (she? @6 b& a-lou? lou? oa-18. @f ecfun-08& bh. knin-by& b& A-Lou? Lou? e&-18. cfn-a6 cftun sh-yf bd. cfn-d6 bh &@-lou? lou? oa-18. knin-by& kéun-06 bé. khin-byf bé-0f 18. efin-d6 miun-mya ba. knin-by& b& lé-myfu 16. cfin-a6 ybu-da-y8 16-my6u bh. khin-by& dé a-lou? lou? 6a-18. ofin-a6 y8-08 bh.Number: (one) (two) (three) (four) (five) (six) (seven) (eight) LESSON Colloquial Translation Who 1s he? He is Maung Saw, Who are you? I am Maung Shwe. Who an It You are Maung Hla. What 1s his nationality? He is Burme: What 1s your nationality? I am an Indian. What is my nationslity? You are French. What is his nationality? He is Chinese. What work do you do? I am a soldier.Number: (nine) (ten) (eleven) (twelve) (thirteen) (fourteen) (fifteen) What work do I do? You are an army officer. What work does he do? He is a student. What work do you do? I am a school teacher. What work do I do? You are a merchant. Who are you? I am Maung Mya. What 1s your nationality? I am a Thai national. What work do you do? I am a policeman. 36LESSON Literal Translation He who (interrogetive affix). He Maung Saw (polite particle). You who (I.A.). I Maung Shwe (P.P.). I who (I.A.). You Maung Hla (P.P.). He what nationality (I.A.). He Burmese (P.P.). You what nationality (I.A.). I Indian (P.P.). I what nationality (I.A.). You French (P.P.). He what nationality (I.A.). He Chinese (P.P.). You what work do (I.A.). I soldier (P.P.). I what work do (I.A.). You army officer (P.P.).10. 1. 12. 13. dy. 15. He what work do (I.A.). He student (P.P.). You what work do (I.A.). I school teacher (P.P.). I what work do (I.A.). You merchant (P.P.). You who (I.A.). I Maung Mya (P.P.). You what nationality (I.A.). I Thai nationality (P.P.). You what work do (I.A.). I policeman (P.P.). 38(t4?) (ni?) (e6un) (184) (nf) (chau?) (khfn-ni?) (gi?) einegfin-z& (181) pyfn-hldn-pun-sa?-chin moi: phy64: méit phy6i: mi: phy$i: m8iz phy6i: mOiz phy: méi: phy8i: méit phySiz mB: phy64: Khin-by& bé-e6 18. efn-d6 mfun-hla v6. khin-by& dé lf-mybu 18. cfn-d6 kA-18 bh. Ichin-by& b& &-lou? lou? oa-18. efin-d6 k6un-66 b&. cfn-d6 bé-06 18. khin-by& méun-s6 bé. efin-d6 b& A-1ou? lou? ea-18. Khin-by& cflun sha-y4 bé. ofn-d6 bé 1f-myfu 16. Khin-by& ba-mé 1f-my8u dé. of bé-84 18. 0 méun-gwéi ba. néun-gwéi bé 1f-mytu 18. mfun-gwéi t&-you? li-myéu bé.(ta-shé) (she?-ti?) (she?=hni?) (she?-68un) (she?~18i) (she?n8) (she?-chau?) méit phy6i: mBi: phy6it mi: phySit mei: phyéit mOiz phy61: méiz phy6i: méiz phyéiz méi: phyéi: (she?-khfm-ni?) m8i: phyéi: nfun-gw64 b& A-lou? lou? @a-18. méun-gwéi oftun-@8 b4. mfun-s6 bA 1f-myéu 18. eG yOu-da-yA ba. mfun-s6 b& a-lou?lou? 6a-18. Of si?-béu dé. of bé-08 18. @f si?-o& ba. Khin-by& bé-06 18. cfin-d6 y8-08 b&. efn-d6 bé-06 16. khin-by& sha-y& b&. ef b& 18. @& k6éun-66 bé. efn-d6 bé 18. khin-by& si?-béu dé. mfun-s8 ba 18. m&u.n-sd c&un-98 bé. yonén-bat: (she?-gi?) (she? -k6u) (hnd-shé) mOiz phy612 mBiz phy611 mBi: phy$iz s19-08 bh 1f-mybu 18. ai?-08 pyin-01 1f-my6u b&. yO-08 dA Lf-my6u 18, y8-0& ta-you? pé. ti-you? b& A-lou? lou? oa-: ta-you? k6un-06 bh.Gin-gin-z& (161) - LESSON za-g@-1éun sd-yin Word List A-lou? work, occupation ba-mé Burmese bé-e6 who efiun-shA-y& school teacher (masculine) cftun-98 student (masculine) efin-d6 I (masculine) ka-18 Indian kéun-08 merchant lou? (6) to do, work 1é-mydu nationality, race mun-hia proper name (of a Burmese male) m&un-mya proper name (of a Burmese male) méun-sd proper name (of a Burmese male) m&un-gw64 proper name (of a Burmese male) pyin-01? French si?-b6u army officer si?-08 soldier t2-you? Chinese y8-08 policeman yOu-da-y8 The » ea-18 interrogative affix = ob he, she yeNotes: Interrogative affix "oa-18" iu usually preceded by a verb, and the question is not followed by an affirmative or negative answer, Examples: (1) @8 b& &-1ou? lou? 6a-18 = What work does he do? (2) 66 cun-08 bé = He is a student. -7 mBiz phy6i: mis phy61: mitt phySit mit phyé1: Oin-gin-z6 (yi) Khin-by8 miun-s6in 18, hhou?-pfi-dé. cfin-d6 mfun-séin bé. khin-by& ta?-08-017 18. hou?=ph-d6. cfin-d6 ta?-oft-01° ph, Of ta%-ca? 18, mA-hou?-ph-bf. 8f ta?-ca?-ct ba. 0G béu 18. mA-hou?-p&-bf, of di-béu ba. 04 béu-hnfi-j¢ 18, béu-hmf 18, 66 béu-hmd-Jt 18 mA-hou™ p&-bO, béu-hmd 16 mA-hou?-p4-ba. 6-64 m&un-ba-khin 18, efin-d6 méun-va-khin bé. bé-6f ta%=yin-hmd 18, 6G ta?-ytn-hmt b&, bé-04 ta?-th8in 18. 4 ta?-th8in ba. bb-66 th-win-gin a-yh-gt 18. béu-jt my& th-win-gén A-yh-g? bé.10. 11. 12. 13. 15. phy6i: phy6is b6-08 di-béu-hafl-j2 16. of di-béu-hafi-j2 bh. khin-by& A-lou?-cA-m& ma-hou?-pho 18. ofin-d6 A-lou?-CA-mfl mA-hou?-fé-bh. O6 16-08-ma mA-hou?=phi-18. Cf 16-0R-ma ma-hov?-pé-bd. Of 1e?-GA-mft wd-hou?-phi-18. mA-hou?-pi-bQ. ef 281-06 bd. ef sd-y8i mA-hou?-phd 12. mA-hou?-ph-b0. 6f y8-A-yh-gt bh. Khin-by& séun-dau? mA-hou?-ph0 18. mA-hou?-p&-b0. cfin-d6 @&-dtn-dau? ph. 4s6. LESSON 5 Colloquial Translation Are you Maung Sein? Yes. I am Maung Sein. Are you a recruit? Yes. I ama recruit. Is he a corporal? No. He is @ sergeant, Is he a lst lieutenant? No. He is a 2nd lieutenant. Is he a colonel or a major? He is neither a colonel nor a major. Who is Maung Ba Khin? T am Maung Ba Khin, Who is the battalion commander? He is the battalion commander. Who is the MP? He is the MP.10. n. 12. 15. Who is the officer-in-charge? Capt Mya is the officer-in-charge. Who is the 1t. colonel? He ie the 1t. colonel. Aren't you @ laborer? (No). I am not @ laborer. Isn't he a farmer? (No). He isn't a farmer. Isn't he a carpenter? . He is a vendor. Isn't he a clerk? No. He is a police officer. Aren't you a detective? No. I ama news reporter.LESSON 5 \ Literal Translation 1. Qs You Maung Sein (1.A.). At (it's) so. I Maung Sein (P.P.). 2. Qs: You recruit (I.A.). At (It's) so. I recruit (P.F.). 3. @: He corporal (I.A.). At (It's) not so. He sergeant (P.P.). 4. Qt ~~ He 1st lieutenant (1.A.). At (It's) not so, He 2nd lieutenant (P.P.). 5. Q: He colonel (I.A.), major (I.A.). A: He colonel also not so. Major also not so.(P.P.). 6. Q: Who Maung Ba Khin (1.A.). A: I Maung Ba Khin (P.P.). 7. Q: Who battalion commander (I.A.). A: He battalion commander (P.P.). 8. Q: Who MP (I.A.). A: He MP (P.P.). 9. Q: Who officer-in-charge (I.A.). A: Capt. Mya officer-in-charge (P.P.). 4810. n. 12. 13. 1b. Who 1t. colonel (I.A-). He 1t. colonel (P.P.). You laborer not so (I.A. I laborer not so (P.P.). He farmer not so (I-A.). He farmer not so (P.P.). He carpenter not so (I.A.). (It's) not so. He vendor (P.P.). He clerk not so (I.A.). (It's) not so. He police officer (P.P.). You detective not so (I.A.). (It's) not so. I news reporter (P.P.). 49nén-ba?: (ta) (hni?) (fun) (184) (98) (chau?) (ichfin-ni?) (gi?) @in-gan-26 (p&) py&n-hidn-pfun-sa?-chin m8i: phyéi: mit phyéi: m8it phy61: m81: phy6it mB: phy61: m8it phy64: mi: phyéi: mOit phy6i: 6G m&un-ba-khin 18. mA-hou?-p&-b0, 64 mAun-gwé1 bé. mfun-gwéi ta?-o8-617 18. méun-gw6i ta?-08-017 mA-hou?-pé-bd. pé-0f ta?-ca?-cf 18. mfun-séin ta?~ca?-cft b&. 6-66 ta?-yin-hmd 18, 40-béu-hmd-jt ba-khin ta?-ytn-hmd b&. mfun-s8 ta?-théin mA-hou?-phi 18. mAun-38 ta?-th8in m&-hou?-p4-ba. mfun-hla y8-0& 14, 817-08 18. méun-hla 317-08 b&. of si?-béu 18, y8-a-ya-gi 18. 6f si?-béu 18 mA-hou?-p4-bO, y8-a-y4-gi 18 m&-hou?-p4-ba. bé-ef séun-dau? 18. mfun-séin s6un-dau? pa. 5Onfén-ba?: (ku) (ta-shé) (she?-ti?) (she?-hni?) (she?-e6un) (she?=161) (she? =nf) (she?-chau?) (she?-khén-ni?) mois phyéit m8i: phy6i: m8is phy61: mO1i: phy61: mBiz phy6i: mBis phyéi: mi: phyéiz mei: phy6i: m8i: phy6i: khin-byf 0@-dtn-dau? 18. ma-hou?-pé-b0. cfin-d6 281-06 b&. bé-e& ta?-ca? mfun-mya 18. cfin-d6 ta?-ca? méun-mya b&. pou-s6in th-win-gin a-y&-gt 18. mA-hou?-pé-bf, di-béu ba-khin th-win-gin A-yh-gt bh. 6-06 ba-mé 18. mbun-gwé1 ba-mé ba. mfun-nya t&-you? 18. ma-hou?-pé-b. Of kA-18 bé. sha-y& mMun-hla b& lf-my6u 18. sha-y4 mfun-hla ba-mA 1f-my6u bé. 16-0A-m& méun-s8 b& 1f-myéu 18. 16-0a-m& mfun-s8 ySu-dd-yi dA. le?-0a-m& m&un-séin pyin-617 18. ma-hou?=ph-bi. of ta-you? pA. bé-06 pyin-01? 1f-myéu 18. efn-d6 pyin-91? 1f-myfu bé. 51n&n-ba?: (she?-317) (she?-k6u) (hna-sh6é) m6i: phyéit m8iz phyéit mi: phyéi: péu-hmd n& béu-hnO-jf dé li-mydu-d61 18. péu-hmf n béu-hmO-jt ba-mé lh-my8u-d61 b&. A-lou?-9a-mi-dé1 ta-you? 1f-mydu-d6i 18. ma-hou?-p4-b. a-1ou?-0a-mi-d64 ka-18 Léi-mydu-d61 bé& mfun-mya ké6un-06 18, sd-y8i 18. ef k6un-06 18 mA-hou?-p4-ba, sa-y8i 18 ma-hou?-p4-ba. aeOin-g@n-zh (nf) ~ LESSON 5 a-lou?-ea-mi béu béu-hmd béu-hma=jt b6u-jt dd-béu di-béu-hm-jt 16-6a8-ma 1e?-0a-mB mfun-ba-khin m&un-séin sd-y8i s6un-dau? ta?-ca? ta?-ca?-ct ta?-thetn té-win-géin a-yh-gt ta?-yin ta?~ytn-hmt ta?-0&-017 ye-a-yh-gt 0a-dtn-dau? za-g0-16un sa-ytn Word List laborer, workman 1st lieutenant major colonel captain 2nd lieutenant lieut. colonel farmer carpenter proper name Proper name clerk detective corporal sergeant MP officer-in-charge battalion battalion commander recruit police officer news reporterhe khfin: mBLz phy61: Gin~gin-z4 (chau?) mfun-sén, ma?-ta?-ya? ph. mfun-eén b& lou? @a-18. mfun-sén ma?-ta?-ya? pé-d6. mhun-sén, th&in bh. mfun-sin b& lou? 08-18. mf&un-sén thfin b&-d6. mfun-s6in. s&-ou? phwin b&. m&un-s6in b& lou? 6a-18. méun-s$in s&-ou? phwin bé-dé. méun-s6in, sh-ou? pei? pA. mfun-s6in b& lou? e&-18. mhun-s6in s&é-ou? pei? ph-dé. mfun-khin. s& pha? pA. mfiun-khin b& lou? 0a-18. mfun-khin s& phe? p&-dé. khin-byf bd lou? mA-1éu 18. ofn-46 sf y8i mA-1du dé, @f b& lou? ma-léu 18. ef sh ce? ma-lédu bh.