IES CONDE DE ORGAZ

PHYSICAL EDUCATION YEAR 2015-2016

NTIT

. Muscoloskeletal system.

WHAT IS THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM?

The musculoskeletal system it is also known as the locomotor system and is an organ system that gives
humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal system.
The musculoskeletal system provides form, support, stability and movement to the body.
It is made up of:

BONES
MUSCLES
JOINTS
TENDONS
LIGAMENTS
CARTILAGE

BONES
Our bones give our bodies shape, and support and protect our organs.
The different parts of a bone are:

PERIOSTEUM
BONE MARROW
COMPACT
(HARD) BONE
CANCELLOUS
(SPONGY) BONE

IES CONDE DE ORGAZ

PHYSICAL EDUCATION YEAR 2015-2016

EXERCISE 1. Read the definition. Each of them describe a part of the bone. Write
its name in the box:

EXERCISE 2. Translate the names of the part of the bone into Spanish.

The human skeleton has 206 bones. When it first form, it is made of flexible cartilage, but within a few weeks
it begins the ossification process.
Ossification means that cartilages are replaced by hard bones made out of calcium phosphate and
stretchy collagen, the two main components of bones. It takes about 20 years for this process to be
completed.

IES CONDE DE ORGAZ

PHYSICAL EDUCATION YEAR 2015-2016
Here you can study the biggest and most important bones in our bodies:

IES CONDE DE ORGAZ

PHYSICAL EDUCATION YEAR 2015-2016

EXERCISE 3. Translate all the bones names into Spanish and learn them.
MUSCLES AND JOINTS
The human body has more than 600 muscles. They do everything from pumping blood throughout the
body to helping us lift something heavy.
Here you can read some important information about muscles and joints:
Muscles pull on the joints allowing us to move. (Bones can not move themselves!)
Muscles help our body perform other functions such as chewing food and moving it through the
digestive system.
Muscles make up half of a personss body weight.

EXERCISE 4. How many muscles can you name here? Write their names both in
Spanish and English (at
least 10 muscles).

IES CONDE DE ORGAZ

PHYSICAL EDUCATION YEAR 2015-2016

EXERCISE 6. Which muscles are mainly using this people?

When shooting or passing in handball:

An athlete when passing over a hurdle:

A Little bit more information:

Muscles are connected to bones by tendons (bands of fibrous tissue), which allow the muscles to pull
on bones.
In our joints we also have ligaments, which are long, fibrous straps that fasten the bones together.
Humans have 3 different kinds of muscles:
Skeletal muscles: this muscles are attached to bones and are called voluntary muscles (because
you can control its movements) and stryated (because of its fibers).
Smooth or involuntary muscles: which are controled by our nervous system.
Cardiac muscle: just found in our heart and its movements are also involuntary.

TENDON: from
muscle to bone.

LIGAMENT: from
bone to bone.

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